第一部分 基础课堂 Unit 1 Look it up-【宝典训练】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语高效课堂教学课件（沪教版·新教材）

宝典训练 配套教学课件 新课标 深圳天骄文化传播有限公司 1 第一部分　基础课堂 Unit 1　Look it up! 2 目录 CONTENTS Period 1 基础词汇速记 核心字词句 Period 2 核心词汇拓展 Period 3 Reading(1)语言知识积累 Period 4 Reading(2)语言知识运用 Period 5 Listening,Speaking and Section 4 基础与巩固 Period 6 Grammar Period 7 Writing 周测卷 3 核 心 字 词 句 A 4 第一部分　基础课堂 5 第一部分　基础课堂 6 第一部分　基础课堂 7 第一部分　基础课堂 8 第一部分　基础课堂 9 第一部分　基础课堂 10 第一部分　基础课堂 11 Period 1 基础词汇速记 B 第一部分　基础课堂 12 suffering notebook(s) vehicle talented 第一部分　基础课堂 13 Perhaps artistic piece completely death 第一部分　基础课堂 14 rder riginal usician rehistoric 第一部分　基础课堂 15 ntelligent ditor ecord hole rtist 第一部分　基础课堂 16 dying out look up 第一部分　基础课堂 17 is similar to was born in from an early age play an important role in 第一部分　基础课堂 18 alphabetical order is related to goes back a long way 第一部分　基础课堂 19 Period 2 核心词汇拓展 C 第一部分　基础课堂 20 talented artistic notebooks suffering completely birth 第一部分　基础课堂 21 prehistoric original achievement suddenly including inventor 第一部分　基础课堂 22 artist artistic origin original originate 第一部分　基础课堂 23 complete completely complete 第一部分　基础课堂 24 organization organize inventor invented invention 第一部分　基础课堂 25 intelligence intelligent 第一部分　基础课堂 26 death dead die 第一部分　基础课堂 27 D Period 3 Reading(1)语言知识积累 第一部分　基础课堂 28 from an early age die out first appear artistic talent change the way… be talented in… 第一部分　基础课堂 29 prehistoric animals look through more than more and more art and science go back a long way in different sizes 第一部分　基础课堂 30 rule the Earth play an important role in… in many different fields 第一部分　基础课堂 31 According to am sure about 第一部分　基础课堂 32 is good at is related to in history 第一部分　基础课堂 33 so because and 第一部分　基础课堂 34 or but 第一部分　基础课堂 35 showed great talent include the same as a type of 第一部分　基础课堂 36 Period 4 Reading(2)语言知识运用 E 第一部分　基础课堂 37 to record designers earliest 第一部分　基础课堂 38 helping to change 第一部分　基础课堂 39 and in like a for 第一部分　基础课堂 40 B D 第一部分　基础课堂 41 C B 第一部分　基础课堂 42 A C 第一部分　基础课堂 43 A B 第一部分　基础课堂 44 The encyclopedias are either on the shelf or on the desk. As he grew older, he read many books about artists. 第一部分　基础课堂 45 第一部分　基础课堂 46 第一部分　基础课堂 47 第一部分　基础课堂 48 第一部分　基础课堂 49 C A B C B 第一部分　基础课堂 50 B D A C D 第一部分　基础课堂 51 Period 5 Listening,Speaking and Section 4 基础与巩固 F 第一部分　基础课堂 52 original suffering educational 第一部分　基础课堂 53 national achievement 第一部分　基础课堂 54 A B 第一部分　基础课堂 55 A 第一部分　基础课堂 56 第一部分　基础课堂 57 第一部分　基础课堂 58 D F A 第一部分　基础课堂 59 E C 第一部分　基础课堂 60 Period 6 Grammar G 第一部分　基础课堂 61 第一部分　基础课堂 62 第一部分　基础课堂 63 第一部分　基础课堂 64 第一部分　基础课堂 65 第一部分　基础课堂 66 some nothing any Everything nobody 第一部分　基础课堂 67 something Everybody anything 第一部分　基础课堂 68 anyone Nobody 第一部分　基础课堂 69 Somebody anything Everybody nothing 第一部分　基础课堂 70 Everybody some somebody some something anything any 第一部分　基础课堂 71 Somebody nothing something Everybody 第一部分　基础课堂 72 found nothing Is anyone Nobody likes 第一部分　基础课堂 73 Did anything Everyone something 第一部分　基础课堂 74 anything interesting Who did he tell his amazing story last weekend? 第一部分　基础课堂 75 Period 7 Writing H 第一部分　基础课堂 76 第一部分　基础课堂 77 talent famous achievement unusual ability talented popular medal 发现 赞扬；称赞 有创造力的 贡献 发现 实验 经验；经历 第一部分　基础课堂 78 at the age of… from an early age be born in make money spend time (in) doing sth dream of win awards for… change the way we think Father/Mother of… play an important role in… 第一部分　基础课堂 79 为……做出贡献 实现某人的梦想 不断向……学习 在贫困家庭中长大 将某人一生奉献给…… 被尊称为…… 第一部分　基础课堂 80 The young painter showed great talent from an early age. Doctors spent many years (in) doing experiments in their labs. 第一部分　基础课堂 81 The scientist won many awards for his great discoveries. The young man changed the way we think about the natural world. He used his knowledge to help poor sick people. 第一部分　基础课堂 82 第一部分　基础课堂 83 第一部分　基础课堂 84 第一部分　基础课堂 85 第一部分　基础课堂 86 第一部分　基础课堂 87 第一部分　基础课堂 88 第一部分　基础课堂 89 周 测 卷 I 第一部分　基础课堂 90 第一部分　基础课堂 91 第一部分　基础课堂 92 第一部分　基础课堂 93 第一部分　基础课堂 94 B A B C B A 第一部分　基础课堂 95 B A C B 第一部分　基础课堂 96 第一部分　基础课堂 97 第一部分　基础课堂 98 第一部分　基础课堂 99 第一部分　基础课堂 100 第一部分　基础课堂 101 A C 第一部分　基础课堂 102 C 第一部分　基础课堂 103 A 第一部分　基础课堂 104 D 第一部分　基础课堂 105 第一部分　基础课堂 106 C E 第一部分　基础课堂 107 A B 第一部分　基础课堂 108 F 第一部分　基础课堂 109 第一部分　基础课堂 110 第一部分　基础课堂 111 第一部分　基础课堂 112 第一部分　基础课堂 113 D A 第一部分　基础课堂 114 C E B 第一部分　基础课堂 115 discovering or 第一部分　基础课堂 116 The realized 第一部分　基础课堂 117 scientists to make thousands their 第一部分　基础课堂 118 to treat in 第一部分　基础课堂 119 一、词汇拓展 1. intelligent adj. 有才智的；聪明的 intelligence n. 才智 2. talent n. 天赋 talented adj. 有才能的；天才的 3. art n. 艺术 artist n. 艺术家；(尤指)画家 artistic adj. 有艺术天赋的 4. whole adj. 全部的；所有的 Wholly adv. 完全地；全部地 5. complete adj. 完全的 completely adv. 完全地；彻底地 6. historic adj. 有历史意义的 historical adj. (有关)历史的 7. suffer v. 遭受 suffering n. 苦难；疼痛 8. death n. 死；死亡 die v. 死亡 dead adj. 死亡的 9. edit v. 编辑 editor n. (书籍的)编辑 10. organize v. 安排；组织 organization n. 安排；组织 organized adj. 有组织的；系统的 organizer n. 组织者 11. origin n. 起源 original adj. 原来的；起初的 二、重点短语(句型) 1. look through 浏览 2. die out 灭绝 3. be talented in… 在……方面有天赋 4. be born in 出生于 5. from an early age 从幼时起 6. artistic talent 艺术天赋 7. a type of 一种 8. be related to 与……属于同一种类 9. in different sizes 不同尺寸的 10. in history 在历史上 11. precious ancient books 珍贵的古籍 12. win many awards 赢得许多奖项 13. prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事 14. have a long history 拥有悠久的历史 15. general education 通识教育 16. go back a long way 历史悠久 17. be similar to 与……相似 18. play an important role 起到重要作用 三、重点句型。 1. Da Vinci was extremely intelligent, and he was unusually talented in many different fields. 达·芬奇极其聪明，在许多不同领域都有着非凡的才华。 2. …and his paintings and inventions changed the way we think about art and science. ……他的画作和发明改变了我们对艺术和科学的看法。 3. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent. 自幼时起，他就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。 一、根据汉语提示写单词(必要时请做出相应的变化)。 1. The poor man had a lot of _________ (痛苦) because of his illness. 2. Please take out your ___________ (笔记本) and write down the new words. 3. A bicycle is a useful _______ (交通工具) on campus. 4. My cousin is very________ (有天赋的) in playing the piano. 5. _______ (也许) we can go to the park after school. 6. She has a strong ________ (艺术的) sense and draws very well. 7. He wrote a wonderful _____ (首) of poem about true friendship. 8. I __________ (完全地) agree with what you said just now. 9. His courage in the face of _____ (死亡) moved everyone around him deeply. 二、根据句意及首字母提示写单词(必要时请做出相应的变化)。 1. Please put the books in the right o____ , from Number 1 to Number 10. 2. This is not a copy (副本). It is the o_______ painting by the famous artist. 3. The person is a famous m_______ . He plays the piano very well. 4. The drawings in the cave are from p__________ times, about 10，000 years ago. 5. My cousin is very i__________ . He always solves problems quickly. 6. My uncle is an e_____ , and his job is to check the articles. 7. The teacher asked us to r_____ the results of our experiment (实验)． 8. I waited for the w____ morning, but he didn't call me. 9. As an a_____ , she can turn her ideas into beautiful paintings. 三、从方框中选择合适的短语填空(必要时请做出相应的变化)。 be related to　 go back a long way　 be born in　 alphabetical order play an important role in be similar to　 die out　 look…up　 from an early age 1. Many animals are in danger of _________ if we don't protect them. 2. If you don't know the meaning of a word, you can ____ it __ in a dictionary. 3. My painting style _____________ my teacher's, but it is not exactly the same. 4. The famous scientist Marie Curie ___________ Warsaw, Poland, in 1867. 5. My sister started learning the piano _________________ , and now she plays very well. 6. Computers _________________________ our daily life. We can hardly live without them. 7. Please write down all the students' names in _________________ . 8. I don't think happiness _____________ how much money you have. 9. The history of Chinese encyclopaedias ____________________ —it can be traced (追溯) to ancient times. 一、根据括号内的要求写出相应的单词。 1. talent →(adj.)__________ 2. art→(adj.)__________ 3. notebook→(pl.)___________ 4. suffer→(n.)___________ 5. complete→(adv.)____________ 6. born→(n.)_______ 7. prehistory→(adj.)_____________ 8. origin→(adj.)__________ 9. achieve→(n.)____________ 10. sudden→(adv.)__________ 11. include→(prep.)___________ 12. invent→(n.)__________ 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. artist 1)The young ______ spent three months finishing this wonderful painting. 2)She has strong ________ talent and wants to be a painter. 2. original 1)The ______ of this festival lies in a beautiful ancient Chinese folk legend. 2)Her ________ idea was very different from the final plan. 3)Many Chinese traditions _________ from ancient times. 3. complete 1)My stamp collection is now ________ because I found the rarest one. 2)The two brothers look __________ different even though they are twins. 3)To get a good grade, you must ________ all five sections of the science test. 4. organize 1)Our school is a large ____________ with many teachers and students. 2)It is helpful to ________ your ideas on paper before you start writing an article. 5. invent 1)Thomas Edison was a great ________ . 2)People believe that the ancient Chinese first ________ paper. 3)Every great _________ starts with a simple idea and hard work. 6. intelligent 1)A high score on an IQ test does not measure (测量) all kinds of human ____________ . 2)An ___________ person knows when to listen and learn from others, not just talk. 7. die 1)The doctor tried his best to save the patient from _____ last night. 2)After the long winter, many flowers in the garden were completely ____ . 3)My grandpa told me that old traditions sometimes ___ slowly as time goes by. 一、汉译英(根据课文内容写出相应的短语)。 1. 从幼时起 _________________ 2. 灭绝 _______ 3. 首次出现 ____________ 4. 艺术天赋 _______________ 5. 改变……的方式 ________________ 6. 在……方面有天赋 ________________ 7. 史前动物 ___________________ 8. 浏览 ____________ 9. 超过 _________ 10. 越来越多的 _____________ 11. 艺术与科学 _______________ 12. 历史悠久 __________________ 13. 不同的尺寸 __________________ 14. 统治地球 ______________ 15. 在……方面发挥重要作用 _________________________ 16. 在许多不同的领域中 ________________________ 二、从方框中选择合适的短语填空(必要时请做出相应的变化)。 be related to　according to　in history　be sure about　be good at 1. ____________ this article, dinosaurs lived millions (百万) of years ago and then suddenly died out. 2. I _____________ the answer to this science question because I checked it twice. 3. My little sister __________ drawing colourful flowers and birds. 4. Your health _____________ the food you eat every day, not just how much you exercise. 5. The T­Rex is one of the most famous dinosaurs __________ , appearing in many movies. 三、根据句意，用合适的单词(and, but, or, so, because)填空。 1. She wanted to learn about space, __ she read an encyclopaedia from cover to cover. 2. He became famous _______ he wrote many wonderful stories for children around the world. 3. Einstein was a scientist, ___ he changed our view of time and space forever. 4. You can read a book __ search online to find the answer to these difficult questions. 5. Leonardo was a great artist, ___ he also invented many things like flying machines. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1. 莫扎特在五岁时就表现出巨大的音乐天赋。 Mozart ______ _____ ______ in music at the age of five. 2. 他的爱好包括游泳、下棋和读书。 His hobbies _______ swimming, playing chess and reading books. 3. 爱因斯坦和牛顿有同样的学习习惯。 Einstein had ___ ____ study habits __ Newton. 4. 蜜蜂是一种对大自然非常重要的昆虫。 A bee is _ ____ __ insect and is very important to nature. 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My brother uses a camera _________ (record) animal facts outside. 2. She wants to be one of the great _________ (designer) in the future. 3. My ________ (early) memory is reading a picture book about animals. 4. Facts play an important role in _______ (help) us understand the world. 5. A good learner prefers _________ (change) their mind quickly when they find they are wrong. 二、根据句意，用合适的单词填空。 1. Both reading ___ taking notes are good ways to study. 2. Encyclopaedias come __ different sizes for home and school use. 3. Some students prefer quiet places ____ the library for studying. 4. It is _ useful thing to record important facts daily. 5. Which piece of music is Beethoven famous ___ ? 三、单项选择。 ( )1. The boy's ________ surprised everyone when he solved the difficult maths problem in just two minutes. A．talent B．intelligence C．duty D．personality ( )2. The city plans to reduce traffic jams by encouraging people to use public ________ like buses and subways. A．roads B．signals C．rules D．vehicles ( )3. The first modern Olympic Games were held ________ 1896 ________ 1904, but not every year in between. A．from; to B．either; or C．between; and D．as; as ( )4. —I ________ forgot about the meeting. —Don't worry. It hasn't started yet. A．partly B．completely C．hardly D．generally ( )5. —Will you come to my birthday party tomorrow? —________. I need to check my schedule first. A．Perhaps B．Certainly C．Never D．Sure ( )6. —I can't remember the teacher's words. What should I do? —Why don't you write them down in your ________？ A．email B．phone C．notebook D．website ( )7. The encyclopaedia ________ many important events in human history. A．records B．performs C．prefers D．includes ( )8. We need to ________ all the information before we write the report. A．match B．organize C．receive D．overlook 四、用括号内所提供的句型结构翻译下列句子。 1. 百科全书要么放在书架上，要么放在桌子上。(either…or…) ________________________________________________________ 2. 随着他长大，他读了许多关于艺术家们的书。(As sb grew older，…) ___________________________________________________ 3. 有些学生和老师一样聪明，其他的则需要更多帮助。(some…， and others…) ________________________________________________________________________ Some students are as smart as their teachers, and others need more help. 五、完形填空。 Encyclopaedias are very 1 books. They 2 many important events in human history, from the earliest civilizations to modern space exploration. Students can learn a lot by 3 encyclopaedias. For example, they can find information about dinosaurs, famous people like Albert Einstein, and great inventions like the printing press. Some students 4 to read encyclopaedias rather than watch videos because they can learn more details. Unlike short videos, encyclopaedias provide 5 facts and clear explanations. When you write a school report, you need to 6 information from different places. It is very 7 to organize your facts before you start writing. You can 8 a notebook to record important ideas. By 9 your notes well, you can write a clear and useful report. Many good students are fond of organizing their notes by making outlines. A good report is useful for both the writer and the readers. It helps everyone 10 the topic better. ( )1. A．small B．useless C．useful D．difficult ( )2. A．record B．forget C．lose D．miss ( )3. A．buying B．reading C．writing D．drawing ( )4. A．attract B．explain C．prefer D．include ( )5. A．wrong B．correct C．old D．few ( )6. A．practise B．collect C．stop D．begin ( )7. A．bad B．boring C．harmful D．important ( )8. A．use B．buy C．borrow D．draw ( )9. A．trusting B．solving C．organizing D．changing ( )10. A．develop B．realize C．follow D．understand 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The ________ (origin) design of this building came from a famous artist. 2. By _________ (suffer) many failures, he finally became a great scientist. 3. This museum offers many ___________ (education) programs about ancient animals. 4. This ________ (nation) park is famous for its beautiful mountains and lakes. 5. Getting good grades in exams is an important ___________ (achieve) for students. 二、单项选择。 ( )1. Linda is one of ________ in her class. A．the cleverest girls B．the cleverer girls C．clever girls D．cleverest girl ( )2. I spent ________ day cleaning my room yesterday. A．whole the B．the whole C．all D．every ( )3. Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tries to cook ________ for me during my stay in Canada. A．something different B．anything different C．nothing different D．different nothing 三、短文填空。 根据短文内容，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.One of them introduced the equation (方程式) E＝mc2. B.He was not a good student when he was young. C.More importantly, his ideas still influence scientists and thinkers worldwide. D.Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. E.Besides his scientific work, Einstein also cared about society deeply. F.He loved reading science books and asking deep questions. If you open an encyclopaedia and look up “genius (天才)”， you will probably find Albert Einstein. He was one of the most famous scientists in history. 1. __When he was a child, he did not talk until he was three years old. His parents even worried that he might be slow.However, Einstein showed great interest in science when he was young. 2. _ He taught himself geometry (几何) and began to question things like time, space and light. In 1905, Einstein published several important papers. 3. _ It is the world's most famous equation. It helped people understand the relationship between energy and mass (质量). Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect (光电效应). 4. _ He also spoke out for peace and human rights. Today, Einstein's name is still well­known all over the world—his face appears on T­shirts, posters, and even toys. 5. _ In short, Einstein has left a mark not only on popular culture but also on the way we understand the universe. 一、some和any的用法 1. some多用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句和否定句中。 2. some可用于疑问句中，表示希望得到对方肯定的回答，或表示建议、请求等。 二、复合不定代词 复合不定代词是指由some, any, no, every分别与one, thing, body等组合而成的词： 1. 带有some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句中，带有any的复合不定代词一般用于否定句或疑问句中。 Someone is waiting for you at the gate.有人在门口等你。 There isn't anybody in the classroom.教室里没有人。 2. 当表示请求、建议且希望得到对方肯定回答时，some及some构成的复合不定代词也可以用在一般疑问句中。 Would you like something to drink？你想要喝点什么吗？ 3. 含有any的复合不定代词也可以用于肯定句中表示“任何人”或“任何事”。 Anybody can learn to play the guitar with practice.任何人通过练习都能学会弹吉他。 4. no­构成的复合不定代词，用于肯定中时，表示否定含义，意为“没有任何人/事(物)”，可以与“not＋any­复合不定代词”互换。 I have nothing to eat.＝ I don't have anything to eat.我没什么吃的。 5. 复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Something is wrong with my computer.我的电脑出故障了。 6. else和形容词作复合不定代词的定语时都要后置，即：不定代词＋形容词/else。 I have nothing interesting to do.我没什么有趣的事可做。 Did you meet anyone else at the party？你在派对上还遇到其他人了吗？ 一、选词填空。 1. Why don't you ask your parents for ____ (some/any) money? 2. There's _______ (something/nothing) wrong with you. You don't have to worry. 3. Do you have ___ (any/some) questions about rainforests? 4. Our trip to Taiwan was perfect. __________ (Nothing/Everything) went on well. 5. Nancy spoke in such a low voice that ______ (nobody/somebody) in the room could hear her. 6. There is _________ (something/anything) strange about that old box under your bed. 7. _________ (Everybody/Nobody) in our class passed the English test last Friday. 8. I'm so hungry that I can eat ________ (something/anything) you give me. 9. Does ______ (someone/anyone) know the answer to this difficult maths problem? 10. ______ (Anybody/Nobody) believes his story because it sounds too crazy to be true. 二、从方框中选择适当的词完成句子(可重复使用)。 some　any　something　nothing　anything　somebody　everybody 1. ________ told me that whales are mammals, not fish. That was really interesting. 2. If you don't understand ________ in the article, you can ask your teacher for help. 3. _________ needs to know how to use the index to find information quickly. 4. There is _______ in the fridge. Let's go shopping for dinner. 5. _________ in our class likes the new maths teacher very much. 6. Can you lend me ____ money? I left my wallet at home. 7. I heard ________ knocking on the door, but I saw no one outside. 8. Would you like ____ coffee before we start the meeting? 9. He said _________ that made everyone laugh during the speech. 10. I don't know ________ about this topic, so I need to do some research. 11. There isn't ___ milk left in the bottle. Can you buy some? 12. ________ left a message for you on the desk. I think it's important. 13. She ate _______ for breakfast because she was in a hurry to catch the bus. 14. Everybody can learn _________ useful if they spend some time reading every day. 15. _________ can find joy in small warm moments around their daily life. 三、按要求完成句子。 1. We didn't find anything in the classroom. (同义句) We _____ _______ in the classroom. 2. There is someone at the door. (改为一般疑问句) __ there ______ at the door? 3. Everybody in our class likes reading encyclopaedias. (改为否定句) ______ in our class _____ reading encyclopaedias. 4. I bought something for my mother yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) ___ you buy ________ for your mother yesterday? 5. Nobody knows anything about this old secret story. (改为肯定句) ________ knows _________ about this old secret story. 6. 寒假你经历过什么有趣的事情吗？(翻译句子) Did you experience ______ __________ during the winter vacation? 7. He told somebody his amazing story last weekend. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________ 一、素材积累 1. 话题分析 本单元的话题是“写关于人的百科全书词条”，核心是客观、精准记录人物信息。要求学生有条理呈现人物的基本信息、成就、荣誉等，用事实性内容，而非主观评价，提升信息传递的准确性与规范性。 2. 单词积累 天赋；才华 n. ______ 著名的 adj. ______ 成就 n. ___________ 不寻常的 adj. _______ 能力 n. _______ 有才华的 adj. ________ 受欢迎的 adj. _______ 奖章 n. _____ discovery n. _____ praise n. ________ creative adj. __________ contribution n. _______ finding n. _______ experiment n. _______ experience n. __________ 3. 短语积累 在……岁时 _____________ 从小 _________________ 出生于 __________ 赚钱 __________ 花时间做某事 _________________________ 梦想 ________ 因……而获奖 ______________ 改变我们的思维方式_______________________ ……之父/之母 ________________ 在……中发挥重要作用 _________________________ make contributions to _______________ make one's dream come true ______________ keep learning from _______________ grow up in a poor family _______________ devote one's life to… _________________________ be honored as…________________________ 4. 翻译句子 (1)这位年轻的画家从小就展现出了非凡的才华。 _______________________________________________________ (2)医生们在实验室里花了很多年做实验。 _______________________________________________________ (3)这位科学家因其伟大的发现赢得了许多奖项。 _______________________________________________________ (4)这位年轻人改变了我们对自然界的看法。 _______________________________________________________ (5)他用自己的知识帮助贫穷的病人。 _______________________________________________ 5. 写作思路 段首：引入人物＋总体介绍→列出人物的出生、逝世年份、出生地等； 段中：生平经历＋代表作→列出人物的主要成就、荣誉奖项等； 段尾：总结贡献＋历史地位→总结人物的一生，评价他对某个领域的贡献和影响力。 二、佳作赏析 假设你是八年级学生李华，你校正在征集关于世界名人的英文百科全书词条，请从人物生平、事迹与成就、荣誉与影响等方面撰写一篇百科全书式的人物词条，并进行投稿。 要求：1.词数：80词左右； 2．语句通顺，内容完整，语法正确； 3．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等信息。 Mark Twain was a very famous American writer. He was unusually talented in writing and wrote many famous novels. He was born in a small village in 1835. When he was 4 years old, he and his family moved to the city. Sadly, his father died when he was 12. From an early age, he started to work. He did many different jobs to make money. One of his most famous books is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. This book made him very popular and won him lots of praise. Mark Twain spent all his life writing. His writing ability came from his rich personal experiences. He made great contributions to American literature and played an important role in the world of books. Today, he is still deeply loved by readers around the world. 三、小试牛刀 假设你是Lisa，在今天的文学课上，老师要求每人写一篇关于自己最喜欢的伟人的文章。文中需介绍人物生平、事迹与成就等，并结合自身谈谈感悟，表达对这位伟人的敬佩与学习之心。 要求：1.词数：80词左右； 2．语句通顺，内容完整，语法正确； 3．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等信息。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ William Shakespeare was one of the greatest writers in the world. He was born in Britain in 1564 and died at the age of 52. During his whole life, he wrote 37 plays and more than 154 poems. Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet are two of his most famous works. These plays won him lots of praise and made him very popular. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shakespeare made great contributions to English literature and played an important role in the world of books. I like him very much. I dream of being a good writer one day and will keep learning from him to make my dream come true. 一、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When you open an encyclopaedia and look up the word “ 1 ”， you will probably find Thomas Edison's name. He was one of the greatest inventors in history. Edison was born in 1847 in the United States. As a child, he always asked many strange questions, so his teacher did not like him. His mother decided to 2 him at home. Edison was very curious about how things worked. He loved doing experiments in a small lab at home. His most famous 3 was the electric light bulb (电灯泡). Before this invention, people had to use candles or oil lamps to see at night. The light bulb brought 4 light into people's homes. Edison never gave up easily. He tried thousands of different materials to make the light bulb work. When someone asked him about his 5 , he said, “I have not failed. I've just found 10，000 ways that won't work.” This positive 6 helped him succeed in the end. Another great invention of his was the phonograph (留声机). It was the first machine to record and play back 7 . People were 8 when they heard their own voices played back. Edison held over 1，000 patents (专利) in his name. His discoveries changed the world and made our lives much better. When you read a(n) 9 about Edison in an encyclopaedia, you will learn many interesting facts about his life and work. He was truly a 10 who never stopped creating. ( )1. A．scientist B．inventor C．teacher D．artist ( )2. A．teach B．help C．send D．leave ( )3. A．discovery B．invention C．experiment D．research ( )4. A．dark B．weak C．bright D．natural ( )5. A．successes B．failures C．questions D．problems ( )6. A．attitude B．answer C．idea D．way ( )7. A．music B．sound C．voice D．song ( )8. A．amazed B．disappointed C．unhappy D．angry ( )9. A．book B．page C．article D．index ( )10. A．painter B．genius C．farmer D．worker 二、阅读理解。 Throughout history, people have always looked for knowledge. This led to the creation of many important encyclopaedias. Ancient Rome The earliest encyclopaedia on record is Natural History by Pliny. He wrote about his knowledge of ancient Rome. Although many of his writings were true, some were hard to believe, like the Sciapodae people with one foot as big as an umbrella! However, Pliny never finished improving his work because he went to Pompeii in 79 A．D. to visit Mount Vesuvius and died in the eruption (火山爆发). Ancient China From the 10th to the 17th centuries, the Chinese government asked many clever people to make encyclopaedias. In the 11th century, they wrote Four Great Books of Song to collect all the information about the new Song Dynasty. In 1408, China completed Yongle Encyclopaedia. It was the largest encyclopaedia until Wikipedia came along about six hundred years later. Enlightenment Ideas (启蒙思想) When printing became common, encyclopaedias grew popular and important. During the Enlightenment, a famous encyclopaedia called Encyclopédie came out in France in 1751. Editor Diderot wanted it to “change the way people think” and help the rising middle class teach themselves. Also, the ideas in the book encouraged people to question the king's rule. This helped lay the cultural foundation (基础) for the French Revolution (法国大革命). The Internet Age As the world went online, knowledge grew, too. Internet encyclopaedias started in the early 1990s. By 2001, Wikipedia came out. In 2004, it became the biggest encyclopaedia with 300, 000 articles. By 2022, it had 6.5 million articles with pictures, videos, and more, making a lot of information easy to find online. ( )1. What was the earliest encyclopaedia on record? A．Natural History. B．Four Great Books of Song. C．Encyclopédie. D．Yongle Encyclopaedia. ( )2. How long did Yongle Encyclopaedia remain the largest encyclopaedia according to the passage? A．About 300 years. B．About 400 years. C．About 600 years. D．About 1，000 years. ( )3. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph? A．French people were stupid at that time. B．Encyclopédie was an English encyclopaedia. C．Encyclopédie challenged the traditions of its time. D．The development of printing did not help people learn. ( )4. What can we learn from the history of encyclopaedias? A. People have never stopped looking for and sharing knowledge. B. Only intelligent and knowledgeable people can make encyclopaedias. C. Europe was the world's education centre over the past two thousand years. D. Europeans and Chinese could not exchange information until the Internet Age. ( )5. Where can you most probably find this article? A．From a story book. B．From an art magazine. C．From a newspaper. D．From a learning website. 三、短文填空。 根据短文内容，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.They are becoming more than just collections of text. B.This allows millions of volunteers to contribute. C.One famous example is Encyclopaedia Britannica. D.They are much cheaper than online versions. E.They argue that a printed book is always there for you. F.These have both printed volumes and digital versions. Will printed encyclopaedias disappear completely? This question has been discussed for years. 1. _ In 2012, the company announced it would stop printing the 32­volume set after more than 240 years. However, some people still love printed encyclopaedias. 2. _ You don't need electricity or an internet connection. You can also trust that the information won't change overnight. On the other hand, online encyclopaedias keep improving. 3. _ Many now use artificial intelligence to check for mistakes and suggest related articles. Some even include videos, 3D models, and interactive maps. Another new trend is the “wiki” model used by Wikipedia. 4. _ But some experts worry that this system can be easily abused. Perhaps the future will bring a mix of both worlds. Some companies are already creating hybrid encyclopaedias. 5. _ Readers can buy a printed book and also get online access to updated information and extra media. Whatever happens, the human desire to collect and share knowledge will never disappear. Whether we turn to thick printed books or quick online pages, we will hope to learn more and pass useful knowledge down to the next generation. Both forms of encyclopaedias are invaluable tools for our lifelong learning. 四、信息匹配。 下面的材料A—F是六条百科全书条目，有五名学生正在进行研究项目，请将其所对应的百科全书条目进行匹配。 A．Alexander Fleming—A Scottish scientist who discovered penicillin (青霉素) by accident in 1928. This antibiotic saved thousands of soldiers during World War Ⅱ. B．Leonardo da Vinci—An Italian artist and inventor. He painted Mona Lisa and also designed flying machines, war equipment, and studied human anatomy. C．Wikipedia—A free online encyclopaedia started by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger in 2001. It has millions of articles in hundreds of languages. D.Yongle Encyclopaedia—A massive encyclopaedia completed in 1408 during the Ming Dynasty. It had over 11，000 volumes, though most were lost over time. E．The Telephone—A device invented by Alexander Graham Bell. He filed a patent in 1876 and is known as the inventor, though Elisha Gray worked on a similar device. F．The Internet—A global network that connects computers worldwide. It allows people to share information quickly and has changed the way we live. ( )1. Linda is writing a report on how ancient Chinese people organized and stored knowledge. She wants to know about the largest encyclopaedia ever made in ancient China. ( )2. Tom needs to find information about a famous scientist who accidentally discovered a medicine that kills bacteria (细菌). This discovery saved many lives during wars. ( )3. Emma is interested in the history of online encyclopaedias. She wants to know who created the most famous free encyclopaedia on the internet and when it started. ( )4. Jack is studying inventions from the 19th century. He wants to learn about a device that changed long­distance communication and the person who first got the patent for it. ( )5. Lucy is preparing a presentation about great artists who were also inventors. She wants to include someone who designed flying machines and studied the human body. 五、语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 Alexander Fleming was a scientist from Scotland. He is famous for 1. ___________ (discover) penicillin. Before penicillin, many people died from infections caused by small cuts 2. __ wounds. 3. ___ discovery happened by accident in 1928. Fleming went on a holiday and left some bacteria dishes in his lab. When he came back, he saw that a blue­green mould had grown on one dish. Around the mould, the bacteria had died. Fleming 4. ________ (realize) that the mould could kill bacteria. He named the substance penicillin. However, Fleming could not produce enough penicillin for people. It took ten more years and the help of two other 5. __________ (scientist), Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, 6. _______ (make) penicillin into a usable drug. During World War Ⅱ， penicillin saved 7. _________ (thousand) of soldiers' lives. In 1945, Fleming, Florey, and Chain were given the Nobel Prize for 8. _____ (they) work. Today, penicillin is still used 9. ________ (treat) bacterial infections. Fleming is remembered as one of the most important scientists 10. __ the 20th century. His great discovery has saved countless lives and laid a solid foundation for modern antibiotic medicine worldwide. $