03 专题三 灵活多变的动词（主书）-【领航中考】2027年中考英语一轮总复习

专题三　灵活多变的动词 第一节　动词的种类 知识概览 要点专练 要点1　动词的五种基本形式 动词主要用来表示动作、状态和性质,而动作和状态发生的具体时间和表现方式,就是英语中动词的时态。英语中动词的时态用动词的不同形式来表示。 英语动词的五种基本形式为:动词原形、第三人称单数形式、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。如: 动词原形 第三人称单数 现在分词 过去式 过去分词 walk walks walking walked walked catch catches catching caught caught speak speaks speaking spoke spoken 动词基本形式规则变化表 形式变化 变化规则 例子 第三人称 单数变化 1.在动词原形后加⁃s run—runs, like—likes 2.以ch, sh, s, o, x结尾的动词后加⁃es teach—teaches, wash—washes go—goes, pass—passes 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i再加⁃es study—studies, carry—carries 4.特殊变化 have—has 现在分词 变化 1.在动词原形后加⁃ing read—reading, cook—cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,去掉e再加⁃ing live—living, write—writing 3.以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加⁃ing sit—sitting, begin—beginning 4.少数以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y,再加⁃ing die—dying, lie—lying 过去式与 过去分词 变化 1.在动词原形后加⁃ed work—worked, stay—stayed 2.以e结尾的动词,直接加⁃d live—lived 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加⁃ed carry—carried, study—studied 4.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加⁃ed stop—stopped, plan—planned 不规则动词的过去式与过去分词 不规则动词的变化需要单独记忆,运用分类法记忆可以提高学习效率。 1.AAA型(原形、过去式和过去分词相同) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 阅读 read read read 撞击 hit hit hit 切割 cut cut cut 放 put put put 伤害 hurt hurt hurt 花费 cost cost cost 2.ABA型(原形与过去分词相同) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 变成 become became become 来 come came come 跑 run ran run 3.ABB型(过去式与过去分词相同) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 带来 bring brought brought 说 say said said 买 buy bought bought 支付 pay paid paid 教 teach taught taught 离开 leave left left 赶上 catch caught caught 找到 find found found 建造 build built built 感觉 feel felt felt 听见 hear heard heard 拥有 have had had 睡觉 sleep slept slept 失去 lose lost lost 告诉 tell told told 制作 make made made 得到 get got got 赢 win won won 坐 sit sat sat 遇见 meet met met 4.ABC型(原形、过去式和过去分词各不相同) 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 词义 原形 过去式 过去分词 做 do did done 给 give gave given 开始 begin began begun 隐藏 hide hid hidden 吹 blow blew blown 知道 know knew known 选择 choose chose chosen 摇晃 shake shook shaken 喝 drink drank drunk 偷 steal stole stolen 驾驶 drive drove driven 讲 speak spoke spoken 吃 eat ate eaten 醒来 wake woke waken 掉落 fall fell fallen 写 write wrote written 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Everyone in the village was hungry. There was no food to eat. Two little village boys set out 　1　 for food. They walked for many hours until they saw a small bird. They were so hungry that they decided to eat the bird and then looked for more. Suddenly, an old woman came out of the forest and asked if she could 　2　 some of the bird with them.  Although the boys were starving, they knew the old should be 　3　. The old woman made a fire and ate the whole bird. “You􀆳re good boys,” said the woman. “Don􀆳t worry. Tomorrow come to this same spot. I 　4　 reward you.”  The boys returned the next day. They found the fire was gone. In its place were four small, green plants. There was something yellow on the plants. It 　5　 very good. They boys brought the plants to their village. Soon, the plants grew tall. And from that time on, the people in the village always had corn to eat.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.search　 B.searching C.to search (　　)2.A.share　 B.shared　 C.sharing (　　)3.A.respect　 B.respected　 C.respects (　　)4.A.do　 B.will　 C.have (　　)5.A.taste　 B.tastes　 C.tasted (二)短文填空 take　realize　have　expect　spend　win　visit I will never forget my school trip to Shanghai. It took us about 12 hours to get there, but the train ride was by no means boring, because we 　1　 most of the time talking and studying along the way.  I didn􀆳t 　2　 how much I missed my mom until I was far away from home. On the first day, I learned how to fold a blanket by myself. During this trip, we did a lot of things including 　3　 a history museum and an aircraft carrier(航空母舰). On the last day, we played a game. My team 　4　 the game and I felt proud of our teamwork.  This trip was one of the most unforgettable experiences I􀆳ve ever 　5　. I learned some life skills that I will use for the rest of my life.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点2　行为动词 行为动词,也叫实义动词,即表示动作的动词。行为动词包括及物动词(后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词)和不及物动词(本身意义完整,后面可以不跟宾语的动词)。 类别 要点 举例 及物动词 1.动词+宾语 He has written two books about his experience. 他已经写了两本关于他的经历的书。 2.动词+宾语+宾语补足语 Mr. Green made everyone angry that night. 那天晚上格林先生让大家都很生气。 3.动词+双宾语 Could you please lend me your bike? 你能把你的自行车借给我吗? 不及物动词 1.动词意思完整,可以不加宾语 When the teacher appeared, everyone stopped talking. 老师出现的时候,大家停止了交谈。 2.不及物动词+介词+宾语 I always listen to the weather report in the evening. 我总是在晚上听天气预报。 有些动词既可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词 Even though we tried our best, we lost the game. 尽管我们尽力了,还是输掉了比赛。(lose 作及物动词) Everyone would lose sometimes. 人人都会有失败的时候。(lose作不及物动词) 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Everyone has something that makes them feel happy. For me, happiness is 　1　 in front of a piano and losing myself in the world of music. I still remembered once I was preparing 　2　 a project. I felt so tired after studying for a whole week. I sat in front of my piano, gently pressing the keys with my fingers. I 　3　 a few simple but pleasant sounds. It sounded like a summer breeze which made me 　4　 relaxed. Slowly, I closed my eyes and enjoyed the music. We have to enjoy our hobbies and try 　5　 the small things in life. In this way, we can get life􀆳s greatest reward(馈赠)—true happiness.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.sit B.sat C.sitting (　　)2.A.at B.for C.with (　　)3.A.make B.made C.making (　　)4.A.feel B.felt C.feeling (　　)5.A.to cherish B.cherish C.cherished (二)短文填空 grow　got　come　fight　become　live　teach The big bad fox dreamed of eating chickens. But when he 　1　 with the hens, he never won. The wolf was the most fearsome animal in the forest. But even the wolf couldn􀆳t 　2　 the fox how to catch the chickens. But then the wolf 　3　 up with an idea. If the fox stole some eggs, he could hatch(孵) some chicks himself. When the chicks 　4　 up, they would be able to enjoy them for dinner.  But this plan went wrong. When the three chicks came out of the eggs, they called the fox Mommy. Would the fox 　5　 the chicks􀆳 mom? You can find the answers in the film The Big Bad Fox and Other Tales. Why not watch it?  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点3　动词短语 1.动词短语在意义上相当于一个行为动词,是由两个或两个以上的单词构成的短语。常见的动词短语有以下几种形式: 类型 举例 动词+介词 ask for请求,care about关心,look for 寻找 动词+副词 take off起飞,put up张贴,turn down 调低音量 动词+名词+介词 make friends with和……交朋友,pay attention to注意 动词+副词+介词 stay away from远离,get along with 进展,相处 动词+介词+名词 go to school去上学,go to bed上床睡觉 【注意】在“动词+副词”短语中,宾语是名词时,可放在短语中间或后面;但当宾语是代词时,一定要放在短语的中间。 如:put off the sports meeting = put the sports meeting off 推迟运动会 pick it up把它捡起来　try them on 试穿它们 2.同一个动词与不同介词或副词的搭配、不同动词与同一个介词或副词的搭配都会产生不同意义的动词短语。常考的动词短语归纳如下: (1)同一动词+不同介词/副词 get短语 get up起床　　　　　　　get on 上车　　　　　　　get off 下车 get to到达 get over 克服 get down记下 get on/along with与……友好相处　　　　get ready for 为……做准备 look短语 look at看　　　　　look for寻找　　　　　look like看起来像 look out当心 look up 查阅 look after照顾 look over检查 look through浏览 look out of 向……外看 look forward to盼望;期盼　　　look down on/upon瞧不起;轻视 put短语 put on穿上;上演　　　put away 收好　　　put down写下;记下 put off推迟 put out 熄灭 put up 张贴;搭建 turn短语 turn on打开　　　　　turn off 关掉　　　　　turn up调大;调高 turn down调低(声音) turn into变成 turn out发生;结果是 take短语 take up占据;开始做　　　take off 脱掉;起飞　　　take out拿出 take down写下;拿下 take place 发生 take after长得像 take part in参加 take care of照顾;照料 come短语 come from来自　　　　　come in 进来　　　　　come out出来;出版 come true实现 come down 落下 come across偶然遇见 come up with想出;提出 give短语 give away捐赠　　　　　give back 归还　　　　　give out分发 give up放弃 give off 发出(光、热) go短语 go by (时间)流逝　　　　　go off爆炸;响起　　　　　go on 继续 go over仔细检查 go through 经历 go out 外出 cut短语 cut down砍倒;削减　　　　　cut in 插嘴　　　　　cut off中断 cut out删去 cut up切碎 think短语 think about考虑　　　　think of 想起;记起　　　　think over仔细考虑 (2)不同动词 + 同一介词/副词 for短语 care for关心　　　　　look for寻找　　　　　wait for等待 pay for为……付款 ask for请求;要求 thanks for 因……而感谢 send for 派人去请 get ready for 准备 be late for 迟到 down短语 cut down砍倒;削减　　　come down 降低;降落　　 fall down摔倒 put down=take down=write down写下;记下 settle down定居下来 sit down坐下来 turn down 调低(声音) up短语 call up打电话　　　　　　　fix up修理　　　　　　　grow up 长大 give up放弃 set up 成立 tidy up 收拾 put up张贴;搭建 pick up捡起 stay up 熬夜 show up出现;露面 take up 占据;开始做 eat up 吃光 use up用光 clean up打扫 out短语 find out找出;查明　　　　come out 出来;出版　　　look out当心 take out拿出 put out灭火 set out启程 sell out卖光 break out 爆发 carry out 实施;执行 hand out=give out 分发 point out 指出 check out 退房;结账 at短语 look at看　　　　　　　knock at敲　　　　　　　laugh at 嘲笑 smile at朝……微笑 arrive at 到达 about短语 care about关心　　　　　talk about 谈论　　　　　　worry about 担心 think about 考虑 hear about 听说 in短语 believe in信任　　　　　　bring in 引进　　　　　　check in 报道,登记 hand in上交 break in 插嘴 drop in 拜访 take part in参加 join in 参加;加入 fill in填写;填充 take pride in以……为骄傲 be interested in 感兴趣 on短语 agree on达成一致　　　　depend on 依靠　　　　hold on 坚持;稍等 live on以……为生 turn on 打开 put on穿上;上演 get on上车 try on 试穿 come on 来吧;加油 keep on继续 work on 从事 off短语 get off下车　　　　　keep off 远离　　　　　take off脱掉;起飞 break off突然中断 go off 爆炸;响起 ring off 挂断电话 put off推迟 turn off关掉 set off出发 after短语 look after照顾　　　　　run after 追逐　　　　　take after长得像 away短语 run away逃跑　　　　　put away 收好;放好　　　　　take away带走 throw away扔掉 give away 捐赠 go away 走开 with短语 agree with同意　　　　　deal with处理　　　　　fill with装满;填充 talk with 谈话 get on with 相处 come up with想出;提出 catch up with 追赶上 点对微语篇练习 (一)完形填空 The first person in our family to do yoga(瑜伽)was my mum. Her best friend, Sissy, recommended yoga to her. She said if Mum 　1　 the rush of modern life and wanted to feel less stressed, then yoga could help. Sissy was a very peaceful person so Mum accepted easily.  I watched Mum every day doing her breathing exercises and practicing her postures(动作). After a few months, she said she felt much better. Dad was getting envious(妒忌的). He wasn􀆳t going to be left out so he 　2　 yoga too. He goes to a class twice a week now.  Then Mum 　3　 an idea.She thought that my sister and I should do yoga.She found a kind of yoga that 　4　 children. Then she became our teacher and taught us patiently. To my surprise, it 　5　 really well.  Our whole family does yoga now. Even our dog, Bingo, likes to join in! 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.was tired of B.was pleased with C.was fond of D.was excifed about (　　)2.A.took out B.took off C.took away D.took up (　　)3.A.caught up with B.came up with C.had fun with D.got along with (　　)4.A.is good for B.is good at C.is good to D.is good with (　　)5.A.pointed out B.gave out C.turned out D.came out (二)短文填空 lose　ask　find　take　arrive　eat　feed Last summer vacation, I decided to visit Wolong in Sichuan Province. Before I started, my mom reminded me to 　1　 care of myself. Because it was my first time travelling alone, I felt really nervous at first.  Everything went well at first. I saw many pandas playing in the trees. I was not nervous anymore. I also tried to 　2　 them with some bamboo. They were happy and even wanted to get close to me. Later, I left the center happily.  But while I was going back to the hotel, I 　3　 my way. I was so worried that I nearly cried. At that moment, I saw a local and 　4　 him for help. Then he showed me the way and I 　5　 at the hotel safely in the end. The trip not only allows me to learn about pandas, but also gives me the courage to travel alone again in the future.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点4　连系动词 连系动词,也称系动词(linking verb),它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,其后必须跟表语,构成系表结构,说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。常见的系动词如下: 类别 要点 举例 状态系动词 be(am/is/are)后面接形容词、名词、介词短语等 My sister is quite an outgoing girl. 我妹妹很外向。 A tall man is in the classroom. 有一个高个子男人在教室里。 感官系动词 look, sound, feel, smell, taste后面接形容词或与like构成动词短语 Her voice sounds like a boy􀆳s. 她的嗓音听起来像男孩。 The rice dumpling tasted too sweet. 那汤圆味道太甜了。 变化系动词 become+名词/形容词 get+好坏/长短/冷热 turn+颜色 go bad/wrong (变质/不对劲) It􀆳s getting colder. 天气转凉了。 The leaves on the tree turned yellow in fall. 秋天树上的树叶变黄了。 The food would go bad unless you put it in the fridge. 如果不把食物放到冰箱,它会变质的。 保持系动词 keep/stay/remain+形容词 Keep quiet in the library. 在图书馆要保持安静。 似乎系动词 seem It seems impossible to work it out. 似乎不可能解决这个问题。 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 When spring is coming, earth starts coming to life. Jingzhe is the word to describe this time, which 　1　 one of the 24 solar terms(节气).Jingzhe means “the awakening of insects”. Spring thunderstorms(雷声)wake up insects from their winter sleep. Plants also show changes. Grass comes out of the soil. Willow(柳树)leaves begin to 　2　 green. Jingzhe is a key time for spring farming. The arrival of Jingzhe shows that the weather 　3　 warmer and the farms can start to plow(耕种).The air also 　4　 a little drier. People like to eat pears during this time. The pears 　5　 juicy—they􀆳re good for our throat.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.is B.was C.are (　　)2.A.turn B.get C.become (　　)3.A.get B.gets C.getting (　　)4.A.become B.becomes C.became (　　)5.A.tastes B.tasted C.taste (二)短文填空 feel　go　look　seem　become　taste Let􀆳s meet Madame Eyebrows—the “unhappiest” dog in the world. A sad⁃looking bulldog that lives in Germany has 　1　 popular online because of her funny looks. Madame Eyebrows has two grey spots(斑点)right above her eyes and they 　2　 exactly like eyebrows. They make the dog look very unhappy. When you look at Madame Eyebrows, it 　3　 that the dog must be sad. But according to her owner Janina, Madame is actually a happy dog. When she 　4　 excited, she loves to give kisses and wag her tail.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　  要点5　助动词 助动词本身是没有词义或者意义不完整的,不可单独作谓语。助动词可以协助主要动词构成时态或者语态,也可构成疑问句和否定句。构成否定句时与否定副词not连用。助动词的类别和用法如下: 类别 用法 举例 be (am/is/ are/was/were) 1.构成现在进行时和过去进行时 They are studying at home now. 他们现在在家学习。 What was Jim doing at 8 last night? 昨晚八点Jim在干什么? 2.构成被动语态 The camera is used for taking photos. 相机是用来拍照的。 The bridge was built in 1990. 这座桥建造于1990年。 do/does/did has/have 1.帮助动词构成疑问句、否定句 Do you live near here? 你住在这附近吗? We didn􀆳t take an umbrella with us. 我们没有带伞。 They haven􀆳t been to England. 他们没去过英格兰。 2.代替前文提到的动词 She plays the piano better than I do. 她钢琴弹得比我好。 3.加强语气 I do miss you all. 我确实想你们了。 will/shall 构成一般将来时 People will have robots at home in the future. 未来,人们家里将会有机器人。 Shall we go to the party tonight? 我们今晚会参加派对吗? 要点6　情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的词义,但是它们不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的情绪、态度、看法或主观设想。情态动词无人称和数的变化,后面跟动词原形。 1.常见的情态动词 情态动词 意义及用法 否定形式 意义及用法 can/could 1.能够 (表能力) 2.可以 (表许可) 3.可能 (表推测) can􀆳t/couldn􀆳t 1.不能 (表能力) 2.不可以 (表许可) 3.不可能 (表推测) may/might 1.可以 (表许可) 2.或许 (表推测) may not/ mightn􀆳t 1.不可以(表许可) 2.或许不 (表推测) must 1.一定 (表主观推测) 2.必须 (表主观意志) mustn􀆳t 不准,禁止 should 应该 (表义务) shouldn􀆳t 不应该 need 需要 needn􀆳t 不需要 have to 必须,不得不 (表客观要求) don􀆳t have to 不必,不需要 (有人称和时态的变化) had better 最好 had better not 最好不要 2.情态动词用法 (1)表示能力:can/could。 can表示现在的能力(相当于 be able to),could 表示过去的能力,表示将来具备的能力则通常用 be able to 的将来时态。 如:He could read and write at the age of 4.他四岁就能够读书写字了。 (2)表示请求或许可:can/could, may/might。 表示请求允许时,可以用can/could/may/might,而could/might 语气更委婉,表示更加客气的请求;若是自己允许别人做某事,一般只用 can,不用 could。 如:—Could I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗? —Yes, you can. 可以。 (3)表示推测:must/can/could/may/might/may not/can􀆳t。 情态动词 意义 句式 举例 must 肯定/必定 肯定句 The car must be very expensive. 那辆车肯定很贵。 may/might/could 可能 肯定句 He may live far from school. 他可能住得离学校远。 can􀆳t 不可能 否定句 This bike can􀆳t be Mary􀆳s. 这辆自行车不可能是玛丽的。 can 可能会 疑问句 Can it be true? 它会是真的吗? (4)表示义务:should。 should 表示“应当,应该”,常用于纠正别人或提出/征询建议。 如:What should I do? 我该怎么办? Everyone should play a part in protecting the environment. 人人都应该参与保护环境。 (5)表示必须:must/have to。 must 表示说话人的主观意志,意思是“必须”,没有时态和人称的变化;have to表示客观因素的要求,意思是“不得不,必须”,它有第三人称(has to)和时态(had to)的变化。 如:We must study hard to get into a good high school. 我们必须努力考上好的高中。 Students have to follow the school rules at school. 学生在校要遵守校规。 (6)特殊问答。 —Can/Could I…? —Yes, you can. 　—No, you can􀆳t. —Must/Need I…? —Yes, you must. 　—No, you needn􀆳t/don􀆳t have to. —May I…? —Yes, you can. 　—No, you can􀆳t/mustn􀆳t/you􀆳d better not. —Do I have to…? —Yes, you do/must. 　—No, you don􀆳t/needn􀆳t. 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 It is not easy to keep online accounts and tech products secure(安全). Everyone 　1　 meet with hacking(黑客). But there are some ways that can help a little bit. Let􀆳s take a look.  　2　 use simple passwords and never use the same password for more than one website. Change your passwords often. Log out(退出登录)of accounts when you􀆳ve done with them. Back up all of your information so that you 　3　 lose anything. Almost all computers come with firewall. Make sure they work. You 　4　 also use anti⁃virus software(防病毒软件). Use secured WiFi connections which 　5　 ask for passwords.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.can B.must C.may (　　)2.A.Won􀆳t B.Don􀆳t C.Can􀆳t (　　)3.A.won􀆳t B.mustn􀆳t C.shouldn􀆳t (　　)4.A.could B.can C.should (　　)5.A.has to B.have to C.had to (二)短文填空 can　may　shall　must　be　have　should Every day in China, about 200 million children go to school. What 　1　 we do to keep these students safe on the road? According to new rules about school bus safety published by the State Council (国务院),local governments must make sure that students 　2　 go to nearby schools or boarding schools to cut down on traffic risks. School buses can never be overloaded(超载).The school buses 　3　 to keep a speed limit of 60km per hour on normal roads.  　　What􀆳s more, on each school bus, there must 　4　 at least one adult to keep an eye on the kids. Also, each school bus 　5　 have a fire extinguisher (灭火器),a first aid kit and satellite positioning devices (卫星定位装置).  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  能力测试 (一)语法选择 The movie Chang􀆳an􀆳s Lychee came out on July 25, 2025.It is adapted(改编)from the novel of the same name 　1　 Ma Boyong.The story is set in the Tang Dynasty, during the Tianbao period.  This movie tells the story of Li Shande, a middle⁃aged and low⁃ranking official.He 　2　 the nearly impossible task of transporting fresh lychees from Lingnan to Chang􀆳an.Li Shande has to face a number of difficulties.The lychees have a short shelf life, and the distance between Lingnan and Chang􀆳an is quite long.He tries different ways, such as 　3　 fast horses, ice cubes, and special packaging.Along the way, he also came across different people, including kind⁃hearted 　4　 and powerful but heartless officials.  The movie is full of impressive scenes.One of the most touching moments is when Li Shande finally 　5　 that the cost of transporting these lychees is too high.Many people have suffered, and the poor villagers who pick the lychees have been exploited(利用).This makes him 　6　 to reflect on this task.The movie shows us the dark side of the feudal(封建的) society.The power of the upper⁃class is so strong that the lives of ordinary people 　7　 unimportant.  The movie 　8　 this ancient story to life successfully with lively dialogues, which 　9　make us think deeply about history and human nature.Most viewers say it􀆳s one of the best historical films they􀆳ve 　10　 this year.Many parents also think it􀆳s a good choice to watch with their kids to learn about ancient Chinese culture.  (　　)1.A.by B.with C.for (　　)2.A.give B.is given C.is giving (　　)3.A.use B.using C.used (　　)4.A.business B.businessman C.businessmen (　　)5.A.realize B.realizes C.realized (　　)6.A.start B.started C.to start (　　)7.A.seem B.seems C.seemed (　　)8.A.is bringing B.brought C.has brought (　　)9.A.must B.can C.should (　　)10.A.see B.saw C.seen (二)短文填空 by　camera　have　and　find　many　from　make　offer　rush　clearly　but (改编自2026湖北省中考真题)Have you ever used your fingerprint to open a door? 　11　 you ever taken a self⁃driving taxi on the road? Technologies have brought great changes to our life.Actually, changes can also be 　12　 in your school.  “Now, we don􀆳t have to　13　 to the canteen as soon as the bell rings,” says Hu Liang,a student from Jiangxi.His school introduced a smart canteen system this year.Students choose meals online first, even from their classroom desks—they can pick noodles, rice or sandwiches 　14　 add extra vegetables if they want.When it􀆳s time for their orders, they pick up meals 　15　 using facial recognition(人脸识别) technology.The smart canteen 　16　 students enjoyable experiences.At the same time, it helps the school plan meals and reduce kitchen waste.For example, if few students order a dish, the kitchen will 　17　 less of it the next day.Besides providing delicious food, the smart school also tries to help students develop good living habits, like not leaving any food on their plates.  Recently, a middle school in Chongqing has used four　18　 on the playground to follow students and record how fast they run.They can 　19　 see the top ten students on the screen, with their names and times.That adds fun to running and makes students compete in an interesting way.Many students now look forward to PE class 　20　 than before.  What other exciting technologies could be part of our life in the future? Let􀆳s look forward to even more changes! 11.　　　　　　　12.　　　　　　　13.　　　　　　　14.　　　　　　　15.　　　　　  16.　　　　　　　17.　　　　　　　18.　　　　　　　19.　　　　　　　20.　　　　　  (三)翻译句子 21.Jim每天早上洗衣服。   22. 你能在公交站等我吗?   23. 天气变得越来越热了。   24. 他们昨天玩得开心吗?   25.我们应该尽全力参与拯救地球。   第二节　谓语动词的时态 知识概览 要点专练 要点1　一般现在时 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 1.主语+am/is/are+表语+其他 2.主语+动词原形或第三人称单数形式+其他 表示现阶段经常或习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态 Lily likes playing the piano. 丽丽喜欢弹钢琴。 She practices football every afternoon. 她每天下午练习足球。 表示主语具有的特征、性格、能力或存在的状态,通常无时间状语 Lucy is a hard⁃working student. 露西是个勤奋的学生。 She always works hard and gets good grades at school. 她总是刻苦学习,在学校取得好成绩。 表示客观事实、普遍真理、格言等 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的动作 If we practice hard, we will surely make progress. 如果我们都刻苦练习,一定能够取得进步。 Tell Joe the news when you meet him tomorrow. 明天你见到乔的时候告诉他这个消息。 标志性时间状语 sometimes, usually, often, seldom, hardly, every day/week/month/year…,once/twice…a week, on Sundays… 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 We need to know how much of what food to eat to be healthy. It is important to understand how food is used. When we eat food, our bodies 　1　 the food to make energy. We will have enough energy for our bodies and minds to work properly if we 　2　 the correct food and the correct amount of the food. It 　3　 necessary to read the labels(标签)on the foods in a shop as well. The labels 　4　 us what the food has in it. They give us information about how healthy the food is.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.are using B.use C.have used (　　)2.A.had eaten B.eat C.have eaten (　　)3.A.is B.has been C.was (　　)4.A.have told B.told C.tell (二)短文填空 need　have　fall　give　be　take Families celebrate special days together all over the world. Traditions for these days 　1　 very different. Some of them may surprise you.  Families in most countries 　2　 a special day to celebrate for mothers. In Serbia, this day 　3　 on the second Sunday before Christmas. On that day, children usually sneak(溜)into their mother􀆳s bedroom and tie her feet with ribbons(丝带)so that she can􀆳t get out of bed. Then they shout, “Mother􀆳s Day, Mother􀆳s Day! What will you pay to get away? ” Then the mother 　4　 them small treats and presents as payment so that the kids “free” her.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　  要点2　一般过去时 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 1.主语+was/were+表语+其他 2.主语+动词的过去式+其他 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态 Uncle Sam was born in 1960. 萨姆叔叔出生于1960年。 He began to work in a small factory 40 years ago. 40年前他开始在一间小工厂工作。 He left the factory last year. 去年他离开了那间工厂。 表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作或状态 He often rode a bike around the factory when he worked there. 当他在那个工厂工作时,他经常在那附近骑自行车。 标志性时间状语 时间段+ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night/week/year…,in 2020, just now, in the past(在过去),when I was five years old… 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Bob woke up one October morning. He 　1　 twelve years old again. “This is crazy, ” he 　2　 .He found himself back in his kid⁃size bed. “I􀆳m 32.I live in New York. I work in a bank.”  　　He 　3　 much time to think about this strange situation. His mother 　4　 from the kitchen downstairs that breakfast was ready. If he didn􀆳t hurry up, he was going to be late for school and he had a big math test today.  “Ah, so that􀆳s it,”Bob thought and 　5　 his eyes once more. “This is one of those anxiety nightmares(噩梦),caused by stress at my job. In this bad dream, I􀆳ll be back at my old school. I will have to take a test.”  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.turns B.turned C.has turned (　　)2.A.thinks B.will think C.thought (　　)3.A.hasn􀆳t B.doesn􀆳t have C.didn􀆳t have (　　)4.A.shouts B.is shouting C.shouted (　　)5.A.closes B.closed C.is closing (二)短文填空 look　be　do　know　live　knock　use Once upon a time, in a small village lived a candlemaker, Jacob. He 　1　 by himself in his little cottage. However, he wasn􀆳t lonely because he 　2　 everyone in the village. Every day customers 　3　 at his door for candles and stayed for a chat and sometimes a cup of tea.  Jacob had learned to make candles from his father, as his grandfather had been taught by his father. He took great care making his candles. He 　4　 the finest beeswax(黄蜡),oils, and perfumes(香水). He would often be seen out in the fields collecting flower heads, and his fire 　5　 always boiling a pot of something special. The smell would ooze out(渗出)into the streets, making passers⁃by joyful.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点3　一般将来时 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 1.主语+be going to+动词原形+其他 2.主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他 注:shall只用于第一人称I和we 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 There will be more and more schools for children in Dongguan in ten years. 未来十年,东莞将会有越来越多的学校提供给孩子们。 We wish all children will go to the right schools for better education. 我们希望所有的孩子都能去到合适的学校接受更好的教育。 Shall we get the report tomorrow? 我们明天能拿到报告吗? 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 表示打算、计划或准备做某事 Are you going to take a trip next month? 你们计划下个月去短途旅行吗? They won􀆳t take a trip next week because of the weather. 因为天气,他们下周不准备去旅行。 标志性时间状语 tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next day/week/year…,soon, in the future, in +时间段(in five years五年后),in 2035… 特殊情况 (1)表示现在有迹象表明即将发生的情况,只能用be going to表达。如: Look at the dark clouds. It􀆳s going to rain. Let􀆳s go back home. 看那些乌云,快下雨了,我们回家吧。 (2)部分表示位移的动词(arrive, come, go, leave等)用现在进行时可表示将要发生的或计划安排的事情。如: It􀆳s too late tonight. So we are leaving for Beijing tomorrow morning. 今晚太晚了,所以我们明天早晨启程前往北京。 (3)在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情,即“主将从现”。如: No one will go to the park if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨,没人会去公园。 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Living in a new country is not easy, but not for me. My experiences in China 　1　 not only about learning but also about kindness.  Six months ago,I moved from the UK and 　2　 in a Chinese university.There, many activities like visits to museums and food festivals, were held for foreign teachers to get used to the new environment.Next month, I 　3　 a cultural exchange program to learn more.  Besides, everyone around me is warm.They taught me to use Apps and even helped me at the bank.One day, my family returned from shopping but couldn􀆳t enter the apartment because our electronic lock didn􀆳t work.Luckily, the building manager came to help.He stayed with us until the door opened. The care I have received 　4　 me feel at home.I believe I will continue to enjoy my life here.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.were B.are C.have been (　　)2.A.teach B.will teach C.taught (　　)3.A.join B.will join C.have joined (　　)4.A.makes B.made　　　　　 C.will make (二)短文填空 because　have　be　　if　seem　will　easy The astronauts of Shenzhou⁃20, Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie, completed the first space walk on May 22nd.What　1　 the life like in space?  After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners.　2　 they don􀆳t eat properly, they may lose strength in the weightless environment.In space, foods like fruits can be eaten naturally.Other foods need an oven to heat.  After dinner, astronauts will have a rest.When going to sleep, they　3　 to tie themselves.They usually use sleeping bags to avoid floating(漂浮)or hitting against something.Generally, astronauts have an eight⁃hour sleep after work.  Exercise is also important in every astronaut􀆳s daily life.To keep fit, they exercise two hours daily.Next month, they　4　 test new exercise equipment.Lifting 200 pounds may be hard on the earth, but it􀆳s much 　5　 in space.Therefore, sports equipment needs to be specially designed(设计).In this way, astronauts can receive the exercise needed.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点4　现在进行时 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词+其他 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行或发生的动作 It􀆳s raining now, so I can􀆳t go out today. 现在正在下雨,所以今天我无法外出。 They are preparing for the College Entrance Exam these days. 这些天,他们正在为高考做准备。 标志性时间状语 now, right now, at the moment, these days… 提示词有look/listen 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 This is the shortest man in the world. His name is Edward Nino Hernandez. He 　1　 only 70.21 cm tall. Edward is a little taller than a TV.He is now 24 years old, but he is only 10 kg. In the picture, Edward 　2　 with his brother. They are talking about something relaxing. What is his job, as the shortest man in the world? He 　3　 in stores to make a living. Actually, he doesn􀆳t want to be the shortest man, “People always hug (拥抱)me, but I don􀆳t like it.”  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.is B.was C.will be (　　)2.A.was walking B.is walking C.walked (　　)3.A.will dance B.danced C.dances (二)短文填空 watch　wear　live　work　be　call There are many interesting jobs in the world.Let􀆳s take a look at some of them.What does she do? She is a diver.She 　1　 in an aquarium(水族馆)in Japan.Look! She 　2　feeding fish in a  huge fish tank(水族箱).She is 　3　a beautiful dress.She feeds the fish every day.What do they do? They work at a shoe polishing cream(鞋油)company in Japan.They are learning to clean and polish shoes.What does he do? He is a magician.We 　4　 him Mr.Jones.He is making a bubble show for kids in the talent show.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　  要点5　过去进行时 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他 表示过去某一时刻或过去某一时间段正在进行或发生的动作 My mother was watching TV when I came back home last Friday. 上周五当我到家时,我妈妈正在看电视。 We were having a meeting from 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. last Sunday. 上周日的上午八点到十点,我们正在开会。 标志性时间状语 at that time, at that moment, then, (at)this time yesterday, at 8:00 yesterday, when/while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Yao Maoxiong, from Hsiaolin in Taiwan Province, will never forget what he saw on the morning of August 9.He was one of the 200 survivors (幸存者)of the Typhoon Morakot in Hsiaolin. “I 　1　 towards the highland with other villagers when the typhoon came. I heard three loud sounds. I 　2　 and saw the mountains behind us. They just collapsed (坍塌)!All of us were scared but we still tried to help each other. Some were helping the old towards the highland while some others 　3　 mothers with their babies. The mud (泥浆)tore down our houses on the way, as if those houses were made of paper.”  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.was running B.is running C.ran (　　)2.A.looked B.am looking C.look (　　)3.A.will help B.are helping C.were helping (二)短文填空 hear　see　have　be　make　ask We see lightning very often in the summer. But you have to watch out. Lightning can kill people. Last month, lightning hit a primary school in the village of Xingye in Chongqing. It killed 7 children and hurt 39.The lightning came in the afternoon. Kids were 　1　 their classes. “After a big bang, we 　2　 black smoke from two classrooms,” said a villager. Most of the victims(受害者) 　3　 sitting near the windows of their classrooms. The injured kids got better. But this accident 　4　 the government very worried. The Ministry of Education has asked all  schools to get ready for lightning, floods and other disasters in the summer. 1.　　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　　4.　　　　  要点6　现在完成时 句型结构 语用意义 用法举例 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他 强调过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have read this book already. 我已经看过这本书了。 表示开始于过去、持续到现在并且可能还会持续下去的动作或状态 The film has been on for 30 minutes. 这部电影已经开始30分钟了。 标志性时间状语 (1)already,just,yet,ever,never,before,so far/by now,recently/lately,in the past/last few days/weeks/months/years…,twice/three times… (2)since+时间点/一般过去时的句子(自从……到现在) 如:I have worked in Dongguan since I graduated from university. 我从大学毕业后一直在东莞工作。 (3)for+时间段 如:They have lived in Dongguan for seven years. 他们已经在东莞住了七年。 易混点区分: (1)have/has gone to 去了某地(人现在还没回来) 如:—Where is Tom?I can􀆳t find him. 汤姆在哪里?我找不到他。 —He has gone to the teachers􀆳 office. 他去了老师办公室了。 (2)have/has been to 去过某地(人现在已经回来了) 如:He has been to Beijing twice. 他去过北京两次了。 (3)have/has been in 在某地已经多长时间了(通常与for/since连用) 如:Mr. Green has been in China for weeks. He must have visited many places of interest. 格林先生已经在中国待了好几个星期。他一定参观了许多名胜古迹。 考点精讲之易混点辨析 1.延续性动词与非延续性动词 非延续性动词用于表示一次性的动作,如需要和表示一段时间的状语(for+时间段,since+时间点,how long等)连用,应转换为延续性动词。 常见的非延续性动词向延续性动词的转换如下: 非延续性动词变为延续性动词 buy→have　　　　　　　　　borrow/lend→keep become→be　　　　　　 catch a cold→have a cold 非延续性动词变为 “be+形容词/副词/介词” die→be dead　　　　　　　　marry/get married→be married close→be closed open→be open fall ill →be ill fall asleep→be asleep leave→be away from come out/go out→be out finish/end→be over arrive/get to/reach→ be in come back/go back→be back join→be in/be a member of go→be off begin/start→be on 如:The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man has been dead for 4 years.   那位老人4年前去世。=那位老人去世4年了。 I bought this bike one year ago. =I have had the bike for one year.   一年前,我买了这辆自行车。=我已经买了这辆自行车一年了。 2.一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或状态,与现在无关。 现在完成时:表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调现在的情况。 如:He has worked here since 2010. 自2010年以来他就在这里工作。(他现在还在这里工作)  He worked here in 2010. 2010年,他在这里工作。(他当时在这里工作,现在不一定还在这里工作) 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only visit it once or twice a year. Millions of Chinese leave the countryside 　1　 for work in the cities. Among these is Hua Xing. He 　2　 in Wenzhou since 2002.With a hard job in a factory, he seldom 　3　 his hometown. He says,“I 　4　 for three years.It is shameful. ”  Developments have been good in Hua Xing􀆳s hometown 　5　 2002. For example, new roads have appeared. A new school has been built.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.search B.to search C.searched (　　)2.A.lived B.was living C.has lived (　　)3.A.visit B.has visited C.visits (　　)4.A.haven􀆳t come back B.haven􀆳t been back C.don􀆳t come back (　　)5.A.since B.in C.for (二)短文填空 talk　use　depend　have　spend　deal　became More and more parents have realized the importance of outdoor play. In the past few years, we 　1　 seen an increasing interest in forest schools. The number of forest schools in the U.S.has jumped from 20 in 2008 to 250.Unlike children in traditional schools, forest school kids 　2　 their day studying ant hills or even climbing tall trees.  So are forest schools really better for today􀆳s children than traditional pre⁃schools? The answer 　3　 on whom you ask. Personally, I prefer forest schools. Since my son started to attend the forest school, he has 　4　 more active and brighter with improved problem⁃solving skills. He has learned how to 　5　 with small dangers and the environment. Most importantly, my son is excited to go to school every day.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  能力测试 (一)语法选择 The children􀆳s home was quiet when I arrived with my violin.About twenty children sat on the floor.As soon as I lifted my violin, most looked at me 　1　interest.They smiled happily while I 　2　merry songs.But one girl, Lina, kept her head down.The caretaker(看护人) told me she hadn􀆳t spoken since her parents died in a heavy storm.  After that day, something changed.Every Thursday after school, I 　3　 to play near Lina􀆳s door.She never looked up at me, 　4　I noticed her pencil moving across paper.On my fourth visit, I saw her drawings for the first time—the wavy(波浪形的) lines that matched the rises and falls of my music 　5　.Finally, her silence has found its own language.  Weeks passed, and the drawings kept coming.“These pictures look like my 　6　voice,” I said softly.To my surprise, Lina gave me a drawing with letters saying, “　7　 again.” The simple words became our ritual(惯例): I would play and she 　8　.  At our year⁃end concert, Lina stood beside me in her best dress.As the last note ended, 　9　 suddenly sang one clear, sweet note.Everyone in the room cheered.That evening, I understood something important: Music always 　10　its way to lonely hearts.When words fail, music speaks.  (　　)1.A.in B.with C.for (　　)2.A.play B.am playing C.was playing (　　)3.A.come B.came C.will come (　　)4.A.but B.so C.because (　　)5.A.perfectly B.perfection　　　　　 C.perfect (　　)6.A.violin B.violins􀆳 C.violin􀆳s (　　)7.A.Playing B.To play C.Play (　　)8.A.would draw B.drew C.draws (　　)9.A.her B.she C.herself (　　)10.A.finds B.has found C.found (二)短文填空 speak　tell　win　one　although　long　different　simply　he　an　in　on About 2,500 years ago, there was a big battle near the town of Marathon in Greece(希腊).Greece won the battle and the Greek soldier(士兵) Pheidippides ran from Marathon to Athens to 　11　 their victory.This was about forty kilometers long.When he arrived in Athens, he shouted, “We 　12　!” and then immediately died!  When the 　13　 modern Olympic Games started in Greece in 1896, they celebrated the legend of Pheidippides with a race from Marathon Bridge to the Olympic Stadium in Athens.They called this race a marathon.　14　 seventeen competitors took part, only eight finished the race.In 1908, the Olympic Games were in London.The marathon was 42.195 kilometers 　15　, and a few years later, this became the official length.  There are thousands of marathons in 　16　 countries every year.People run marathons because they like taking part in competitions, or 　17　 because they love running.Once in Greenland, there was a marathon on ice.And 　18　 English man once walked a marathon underwater in Loch Ness, Scotland. It took 　19　 twelve days!  According to the latest notice from the Weihai government, a marathon will be held 　20　 November 9th, 2026. This time, the event will include a full marathon, a half marathon and a fun run.The government plans to interest 20,000 runners to take part in it.  11.　　　　　　　12.　　　　　　　13.　　　　　　　14.　　　　　　　15.　　　　　  16.　　　　　　　17.　　　　　　　18.　　　　　　　19.　　　　　　　20.　　　　　  (三)翻译句子 21.每天,他花费两个小时学习英语。   22.昨天,我的朋友买了一本书给我作为生日礼物。   23.在那时,我正在准备读书报告。   24.我已经住在东莞十年了。   25.这家商场已经开业两年了。   第三节　被动语态 知识概览 要点专练 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。当不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁或者强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。动作的执行者由by引出,by意为“被,由”。 要点1　被动语态的形式 1.一般现在时的被动语态: 主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他. 如:The movie is loved by many people. 这部电影被很多人喜爱。  2.一般过去时的被动语态: 主语+was/were+过去分词+其他. 如:The cat was saved by the lovely girl yesterday. 昨天这只小猫被这位可爱的女孩拯救了。  3.一般将来时的被动语态:主语+will/shall/be going to+be+过去分词+其他. 如:More robots will be made to help us in daily life in the future.   将来,更多机器人将会被制造出来在日常生活中帮助我们。 4.含有情态动词的被动语态:主语+情态动词+be+过去分词+其他. 如:This task must be finished in two days. 这项任务必须在两天内完成。  点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 A TV show, Letters Alive (《见字如面》), is bringing back an old habit—writing letters. Many famous actors and actresses 　1　 to this program, but there are no funny jokes or different competitions. Instead, only one person walks up to a microphone and reads a letter. The letters 　2　 by people from different times in history. “Every letter opens another world for 　3　,” said Guan Zhangwen, the director of the TV show. “It seems that we can experience the real lives and feelings of the writers.”After its first episode was on, Letters Alive 　4　 widely. Many audiences(观众)expect that a breath of fresh air 　5　 to today􀆳s TV shows.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.invite B.invited C.are invited (　　)2.A.were written B.are written C.wrote (　　)3.A.we B.us C.our (　　)4.A.praise B.praised C.was praised (　　)5.A.provide B.will provide C.will be provided (二)短文填空 connect　a　large　already　be　expect　do At the beginning of the 21st century, China had no high⁃speed railways. Today, it􀆳s 　1　 completely different picture. With 37,900 kilometers of lines, all of its major big cities are 　2　. China has the 　3　 work of high⁃speed railways in the world. Half of that total has 　4　 completed in the last five years alone. The network is 　5　 to double in length again, to 70,000 kilometers, by 2035.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点2　被动语态的疑难点 1.主动形式表被动意义 (1)部分动词(如cut,sell,wash,write等)常与一些副词连用,用主动形式表示被动意义。 如:This pen writes well.这支笔很好写。  (2)感官动词(如feel,look,smell,taste,sound等)用主动形式表示被动意义。 如:People like cakes because they taste good. 人们喜欢蛋糕,因为它们味道好。 (3)不及物动词(如happen,take place,break out等)没有被动语态,用主动形式表示被动意义。 如:The 2022 Winter Olympic Games took place in Beijing.   2022冬季奥运会在北京举行。 2.make,see,hear,find等动词在主动语态中常接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的结构,变为被动语态时要加to 如:We often hear her sing in the morning. =She is often heard to sing in the morning.   她总是被听见在早上唱歌。 3.动词短语变为被动语态时,其中的介词或副词不能省略 如:My mother takes good care of the flowers. =The flowers are taken good care of by my mother.   这些花得到了我妈妈的悉心照料。 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Eating less salt is healthy, but without salt, food can taste boring. A taste⁃enhancing (增强味道的)chopsticks was created 　1　 Japanese researchers. Your food is made 　2　 saltier by this pair of chopsticks. Wear the computer on your wrist when you eat. A wire (电线) 　3　 to a mini computer. It sends an electric current (电流) 　4　 the chopsticks and to your tongue. You can get a sense of saltiness. Researchers hope 　5　 the chopsticks can help people have healthier diets.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.of B.by C.from (　　)2.A.taste B.tasting C.to taste (　　)3.A.connect B.connected C.is connected (　　)4.A.about B.across C.through (　　)5.A.that B.why C.what (二)短文填空 the　with　interest　to　taste　make　a Dear Marie, I􀆳ve been in Beijing for a month. I stay in a modern hotel that lies in the center of the city. I have visited many wonderful places, for example, 　1　 Great Wall of China. I have also met a lot of very friendly people here. Now I􀆳m trying to learn Chinese from them and I am quite 　2　 in it. In China, it is interesting that people are seen 　3　 eat with chopsticks. I􀆳m practicing using them and I am getting more and more skillful now. Chinese food 　4　 really delicious and hot pot is my favorite.  I want to come back again next year. I hope you can come 　5　 me.  Iris 1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  要点3　被动结构的常用短语及句型 1.be made of, be made from, be made in与be made by 短语 中文意思 例句 be made of 由……制成 (看得出原材料) European ice creams are made of milk rather than cream. 欧洲的冰淇淋是由牛奶而不是奶油制成的。 be made from 由……制成 (看不出原材料) Diamonds are made from carbon atoms. 钻石是由碳原子制成的。 be made in 在某地制造 These planes are made in China. 这些飞机是中国制造的。 be made by 被某人制造 The origami hearts are made by her little daughter. 这些爱心折纸是她的小女儿折的。 2.be filled with=be full of装满;充满 如:The glass is filled with water after the rain. =The glass is full of water after the rain.   雨后这个玻璃杯充满了水。 3.be covered with被……覆盖 如:This building in Milan, Italy is covered with plants.   意大利米兰的这栋建筑被植物所覆盖。 4.have/get sth. done 让/叫/使/请别人做某事(让某事由别人做) 如:Students usually get their hair cut before the beginning of term.   学生通常在学期开始之前剪头发。 5.常用句型 短语 中文意思 例句 It􀆳s said that… 据说 It􀆳s said that the story happened on West Lake. 据说这个故事发生在西湖。 It􀆳s reported that… 据报道 It􀆳s reported that there will be a rainstorm tonight. 据报道今晚有暴风雨。 It􀆳s known that… 众所周知 It􀆳s known that the Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world. 众所周知,长城是世界奇迹之一。 It􀆳s believed that… 据信;人们相信 It􀆳s believed that Chinese first invented the compass. 人们相信中国人最早发明了指南针。 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Kui(夔) is a mythical creature(神兽) in the ancient Chinese book The Classic of Mountains and Seas! Kui 　1　 as the music master in many stories.  On May 8, a huge mechanical(机械的) Kui 　2　 to the public for the first time in Dalian, Liaoning province.It is 21 meters long, 6 meters wide and 10 meters tall.  The mechanical wonder 　3　 with hundreds of well⁃designed parts.Its head, arms, legs and body can all move, making it look very real.Many people go to see it.A visitor says, “I 　4　 such a wonderful creature before.It􀆳s amazing!”  Now the mechanical Kui is popular.It lets people see the mix of traditional culture 　5　 modern technology.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.is known B.was known C.will be known (　　)2.A.shows B.was shown C.is shown (　　)3.A.builds B.is built C.was built (　　)4.A.haven􀆳t seen B.didn􀆳t see C.won􀆳t see (　　)5.A.but B.or C.and (二)短文填空 know　fill　have　make　other　but　by What do you do with your rubbish? Throw it out? You don􀆳t know what you􀆳re missing! Look closely at these two figures(人像).They were 　1　 from used bottle caps. Those two bottle⁃cap figures were exhibited(展示)in a museum. The exhibition was 　2　 with more than 800 pieces of folk art from nearly 50 countries. All of the pieces were made from used metal, wood, cloth and plastic.  Folk art is art made 　3　 common people. Their work is often based on traditions in their culture. Fine art, on the 　4　 hand, is usually made by people who have had training in art. Works of fine art are valued for their artistic beauty. They are supposed to be looked at 　5　 not used. Works of folk art, however, are often made for everyday use. It􀆳s good to save our natural resources.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　  能力测试 (一)语法选择 In December 2024, the heart of Paris began to beat again.Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院) , one of 　1　 landmarks in the world, reopened to the public after five years of careful restoration (重建).  After a big fire　2　 April 2019, the cathedral lost its roof and famous spire (尖顶)—so many visitors worried 　3　 it could ever look as perfect as before.  More than 1,000 experts helped to make the cathedral look like it used to.They spent years researching historical records　4　 every detail was correct.About 2,000 oak trees 　5　 rebuild the roof.Centuries of candle smoke and dust were carefully cleaned from the stone walls.　6　windows were fixed and put back.  Now, it rises again, reborn in stone, wood 　7　 spirit.The cathedral is open for prayers and not only as a symbol of strength but also as a symbol of hope for 　8　 city of Paris.Up to 30,000 people visit it daily.Many are moved to tears when they see its amazing 　9　!  Notre Dame has always been a mirror of Paris.Its bells　10　 out in celebration for centuries.Now, after a time of silence and restoration, it rings with life as it once did.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.popular　　　　　　　　 B.more popular　　　　　　　　　 C.the most popular (　　)2.A.in　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.on　　　　　　　　　 C.at (　　)3.A.that　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.whether　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.why (　　)4.A.make sure　　　　　　　　　　 B.making sure　　　　　　　 C.to make sure (　　)5.A.used to　　　　　　　　　　 B.are used to　　　　　　　　　　 C.were used to (　　)6.A.It　　　　　　　　　　　 B.Its　　　　　　　　　　 C.Itself (　　)7.A.and　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.but　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.or (　　)8.A.a　　　　　　　　 B.an　　　　　　　　　　 C.the (　　)9.A.beauty　　　　　　　　　　　 B.beautiful　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.beautifully (　　)10.A.ring　　　　　　　　　　 B.will ring　　　　　　　　　　　　 C.have rung (二)短文填空 even　spread　happen　part　we　before　win　photo　and　bad Many people post things online.Online sharing is a　11　 of our daily life now.Different kinds of Apps and websites make communication easier than before.We can share what has 　12　 recently with others.We can also give personal opinions on what we see.  The Internet connects us with friends, family, and　13　 people in other countries.Sometimes, when we 　14　 a prize in a singing competition or do well in a test, we may share the happy news.At times, when we take 　15　 of beautiful views, we might also post them to share.  However, not everything shared online is kind.Some can be unfriendly.Those unkind words may have unpleasant influences.Maybe people post things without thinking.They just want to play a joke　16　 make others laugh.But these are not good reasons.  Good shares can make the online world warm and friendly, while　17　 ones can bring trouble to others.So, when we want to share something on the Internet, we should ask 　18　 whether the things we post are proper or not.Think twice 　19　 sharing.We should be responsible for what we share online.Never make up or 　20　 anything that is not true.In short, always respect others􀆳 feelings.If we can􀆳t do that, maybe we􀆳 re not ready to share online yet.  11.　　　　　　　12.　　　　　　　13.　　　　　　　14.　　　　　　　15.　　　　　  16.　　　　　　　17.　　　　　　　18.　　　　　　　19.　　　　　　　20.　　　　　  (三)翻译句子 21.这把椅子是木头做的。   22. 昨晚,我被吵醒了。   23.道路被雪覆盖了。   24. 众所周知,水对我们来说很重要。   25.昨天,我的妹妹被发现翻阅了我的日记。   第四节　非谓语动词 知识概览 要点专练 非谓语动词是指在句子中不充当谓语成分的动词。非谓语动词分为三种:动词不定式、动名词、分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)。非谓语动词不受人称和数的限制,除了不能单独作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分。 要点1　动词不定式 动词不定式的基本形式: 肯定形式:to+动词原形;否定形式:not to+动词原形。 1.作宾语 (1)作动词的宾语。 如:Mary plans to visit the history museum this Saturday. 玛丽计划这周六去历史博物馆。  ★常接动词不定式作宾语的动词: 想要want to do sth. 决定decide to do sth. 计划plan to do sth. 喜欢like to do sth. 拒绝refuse to do sth. 希望hope to do sth. 设法try to do sth. 期望expect to do sth. 想would like to do sth. 选择choose to do sth. 主动提出offer to do sth. 学习learn to do sth. 同意agree to do sth. 继续continue to do sth. 承诺promise to do sth. 开始begin/start to do sth. 承担得起afford to do sth. 未做成fail to do sth. (2)作形容词的宾语。 如:I am afraid to walk alone at night. 我害怕在夜里独自行走。  (3)疑问词+不定式,作宾语(where to, when to, what to, how to…)。 如:John didn􀆳t know how to play badminton. 约翰不知道怎样打羽毛球。  【注意】如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语后置。常用在find, think, make, consider, feel等词后。 如:I find it interesting to learn English. 我发现学习英语很有趣。  2.作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语与宾语在逻辑上有主谓关系。 如:He told me not to give up. 他告诉我不要放弃。 ★常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词: 要求ask sb. (not)to do sth. 希望wish sb. (not)to do sth. 告诉tell sb. (not)to do sth. 想要would like sb. (not)to do sth. 希望want sb. (not)to do sth. 鼓励encourage sb. (not)to do sth. 教teach sb. (not)to do sth. 允许allow sb. to do sth. 盼望expect sb. (not)to do sth. 邀请invite sb. to do sth. 提醒remind sb. (not)to do sth. 命令order sb. to do sth. 警告warn sb. (not)to do sth. 要求require sb. (not)to do sth. 建议advise sb. (not)to do sth. 帮助 help sb. (to) do sth. 【注意】在使役动词及感官动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。但在变为被动句时,需要补上不定式符号to (let除外),这类常用词有:一感 feel; 二听listen to,hear; 三让 let,have,make; 四看 watch,see,look at,notice。 如:His funny action made me laugh. →I was made to laugh by his funny action.   他滑稽的动作使我发笑。 3.作状语 表示目的,可放在句末也可放在句首,放在句首要用逗号隔开。常用结构为in order to do sth. 和so as to do sth. 。 如:The teacher raised his voice to make him heard clearly.   老师提高嗓门以便于他听得清楚。 【注意】还可以作结果状语。常用结构为so…as to, too…to…,enough…to…。 如:You are never too old to set another goal.   设定一个新的目标,从来不会晚。 4.作主语 不定式作主语,相当于名词或代词,往往用形式主语it代替,而将不定式后置。 如:To learn a foreign language is not easy. =It is not easy to learn a foreign language.   学习一门外语不容易。 ★it代替不定式作形式主语的句型: It+be+adj. (+for/of sb. )+to do sth. It􀆳s easy for me to learn English well. 学好英语对我来说是简单的。 It+takes sb. some time+to do sth. It took me two hours to finish my homework. 完成家庭作业花了我两个小时。 It+be+n. +to do sth. It was great fun to have a picnic there. 在那里野餐很有趣。 5.作表语 常放在系动词之后,表示具体的动作或将来的动作。 如:My dream is to be a teacher. 我的梦想是成为一名教师。  6.作定语 常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,作后置定语。 如:I have a lot of homework to do. 我有许多作业要做。  点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 A party for Jane! Our friend Jane is flying back to the US next Monday. We􀆳ll have a party 　1　 goodbye to her! It will be on Saturday, May 23rd from 9:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m. at our classroom.  Please don􀆳t put our 　2　 presents to Jane in their schoolbags. The lunchbox bags may make them dirty. It􀆳s better 　3　 them in small paper bags. Children will give them to Jane at the party. Before that, we are 　4　 to put all the presents in a big box.  Please feel free 　5　 me at 4032 6166 if you would like to give assistance(协助)! We need two parents to help. One will help set the tables, and the other will help cut the cake!  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.say B.said C.to say (　　)2.A.children B.child􀆳s C.children􀆳s (　　)3.A.put B.to put C.putting (　　)4.A.expect B.expected C.expecting (　　)5.A.to call B.called C.call (二)短文填空 not　they　while　whether　to　allow　why Free time is a good chance for teenagers to have fun. Some teenagers want free play without parents􀆳 supervision(监管) 　1　 parents and experts(专家)may think differently.  Lin Tao, a middle school student, thinks teenagers should be 　2　 to play. “Last time when I played with my parents around, I was nervous and couldn􀆳t enjoy myself,” Lin says.  Mr. Ma, a doctor of social studies, says it􀆳s understandable for teenagers 　3　 wish for freedom. Free play helps 　4　 to be independent. Parents can give them more space. However, teenagers can communicate with their parents and decide together 　5　 they can go out to play alone.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　  要点2　动词的⁃ing形式 1.作宾语 “动词/介词+动词⁃ing”形式构成动宾或介宾结构。 如:Most students enjoy running after class. 大部分学生都喜欢课后跑步。  Teachers stop students from running in the street. 老师阻止学生在街上跑。  ★后接动词⁃ing形式的单词、短语和句型: 单词 避免avoid doing sth. 介意mind doing sth. 完成finish doing sth. 乐意enjoy doing sth. 练习practice doing sth. 坚持keep doing sth. 考虑consider doing sth. 介词+doing sth. 短语 注意pay attention to doing sth. 想feel like doing sth. 习惯于be/get used to doing sth. 忙于be busy doing sth. 盼望look forward to doing sth. 值得be worth doing sth. 做……有困难have trouble doing sth. 做……有乐趣have fun doing sth. 禁不住can􀆳t help doing sth. 买东西do some shopping 阻止stop sb. from doing sth. 为……作贡献 make a contribution to doing sth. 花时间spend+时间+(in)doing sth. 比起……更喜欢…… prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 句型 What/How about doing sth. ? 做某事怎么样? 2.作主语 现在分词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。 如:Doing labor practice is good for students􀆳 mind and body. 劳动实践有利于学生的心智和身体。 3.作表语 多数情况下,动名词作表语可转换成主语。 如:Her hobby is planting different kinds of flowers. = Planting different kinds of flowers is her hobby. 她的爱好是种植各种各样的花。 4.作定语 只表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于被修饰词之前。 如:Sally has a swimming class every Saturday. 莎莉每周六上游泳课。 【拓展】既可跟动词不定式又可跟动名词作宾语的动词: forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) forget to do sth. 忘了要去做某事(未做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做) remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做) regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事(已做) regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾(未做) try doing sth. 试验/试着做某事 try to do sth. 努力/企图做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停止正在做的事去做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事 go on to do sth. 完成某事后,接着做另一件事 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Making friends at school can be a little tricky, but it doesn􀆳t have to be! Try out a few of these methods! After you know it, you 　1　 a group of friends to have fun with every day!  　2　 proper body language will help. Stand up straight, make eye contact with people, and smile! Try to avoid 　3　 your arms over your chest. The more open and friendly you look, the 　4　 people will want to get to know you.  Look for tables with an open seat. If you like the people you sit with, ask if you can join them again the next day. Don􀆳t forget 　5　 a sport that you like and try out for the team. Over time, you could become good friends with some of the other people on your team!  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.have B.are having C.will have (　　)2.A.Use B.Using C.Used (　　)3.A.crossing B.to crossing C.crosses (　　)4.A.much B.more C.most (　　)5.A.to pick B.picked C.picking (二)短文填空 between　keep　do　practice　a(an)　have　is If you walk through a park in the morning, you might see a lot of people doing these slow and beautiful movements—Tai chi. Tai chi is 　1　 ancient martial art(武术).It is a common kind of exercise in China. Hopefully, more people will become healthier by 　2　 it. It􀆳s true that 　3　 Tai chi is good for our health. It can make us walk and move more freely, and it can also make us stronger. Tai chi also focuses on the harmony(和谐) 　4　 yin(阴)and yang(阳).But they don􀆳t oppose(对立)each other absolutely(绝对地).Everything 　5　 changing—that is how we should see the world.  Tai chi has become a symbol of Chinese culture. 1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　  要点3　动词的⁃ed形式 1.作后置定语 如:A boy named Tony came to visit my teacher. 一个叫作托尼的男孩来拜访我的老师。  2.作宾语补足语,常用于have/get/make sth. done结构,表示“某事被做” 如:Peter is going to have his hair cut tomorrow. 彼得准备明天去剪头发。 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Here is an example of “a dog􀆳s life” in the human world. Today, humans have created many different kinds of dog 　1　 carefully by dog parents. Each kind has its own look and talents, and also its own role. Many hospitals specially get dogs 　2　 to bring love and cheer to patients. Shaynee is a therapy(治疗)dog. She visits children 　3　 hospital. Dogs like Shaynee help patients feel calm which can be hard in a busy hospital. They help 　4　 children and adults stay strong during long hospital stays.  While some dogs are working hard, others are free to spend their days resting and playing. Many dogs 　5　 like children have their own rooms and all the things a dog could want.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.choose B.chose C.chosen (　　)2.A.train B.training C.trained (　　)3.A.in B.on C.at (　　)4.A.either B.both C.all (　　)5.A.treat B.treated C.treats (二)短文填空 discover　it　call　and　interest　keep　grow There are many deserts(沙漠)on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find 　1　.  The camel, sometimes 　2　 “the ship of the desert”,stores food in its hump (驼峰)and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. 　3　 long eyelashes(睫毛)keep out the sand during sandstorms.  The water 　4　 in the desert may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit this area for water and food. Plants grow there. Some farmers are able to 　5　 crops, too.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　  能力测试 (一)语法选择 Age is just a number for Dominique Malonga.At 19 years old, the French basketball star 　1　 as the No 2 pick by the Seattle Storm in the 2025 WNBA Draft.She made history as 　2　 player ever drafted(入选) in the league(联盟).“I􀆳m proud to show the world 　3　 it􀆳s not about age every time.And if you􀆳re good, you􀆳re good,” Malonga told People.com.  　4　 the draft night, Malonga had already played four seasons of professional basketball.In 2024, she helped the French national 　5　 team win a silver medal at the Paris Olympics.  Malonga􀆳s talent speaks for itself.In 2024, she became　6　 French woman in history to dunk(灌篮) during a game.While 　7　 is common for men, it is rare(罕见的) for female players.She can also shoot from outside the three⁃point line and move 　8　 well on the court.  Now, Malonga is ready to make　9　 influence in the league as a French player. “I just can􀆳t wait 　10　 on the court and to play against anybody.I just want to play,” Malonga told People.com.  (　　)1.A.choose B.is chosen C.was chosen (　　)2.A.young B.younger C.the youngest (　　)3.A.that B.if C.what (　　)4.A.After B.Before C.During (　　)5.A.woman B.women C.women􀆳s (　　)6.A.one B.the first C.once (　　)7.A.dunk B.dunked C.dunking (　　)8.A.real B.really C.reality (　　)9.A.a B.an C.the (　　)10.A.to step B.stepping C.step (二)短文填空 when　live　much　in　they　beauty　mainly　a　kilometer　 the　set　how The Siberian tiger is the largest of all tigers.An adult male can grow up to 33 meters in length and weigh as 　11　 as 300 kilograms.Although Siberian tigers are strong, 　12　 are one of the most endangered animals.There are less than 500 of these beautiful animals still 　13　 in the world. Long ago, Siberian tigers were common all over the Northeast Asia and the Russia Far East.However, today they are found 　14　 along the Chinese⁃Russian border(边境).　15　 people build cities and cut down trees, it means the tigers have less food and less space to live in.That􀆳s the main reason why 　16　 number of the Siberian tigers is reducing.  In recent years, China has 　17　 up natural reserves(保护区) and begun to protect the Siberian tigers.There are also plenty of Siberian tigers 　18　 zoos.It􀆳s hoped that some of these tigers can return to the wild.Of course, they would need to learn 　19　 to hunt and take care of themselves.An adult Siberian tiger requires up to 100 square 　20　 of forest to live in.At present, there is not enough forest available to support so many Siberian tigers in the wild.  11.　　　　　　　12.　　　　　　　13.　　　　　　　14.　　　　　　　15.　　　　　  16.　　　　　　　17.　　　　　　　18.　　　　　　　19.　　　　　　　20.　　　　　  (三)翻译句子 21.妈妈建议我每天早上喝牛奶。   22. 约翰不知道去哪里借书。   23.鲁滨孙漂流记(Robinson Crusoe)值得一读。   24. 彼特昨天(请人)修好了自行车。   25.那个老太太忘记给我们讲过这个故事了。   第五节　主谓一致 知识概览 要点专练 主谓一致:句子的谓语与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 要点 例句 1.就近原则 (1)由not only…but also…,either…or…,neither…nor…连接的两个主语,谓语动词与最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 (2)在there be 和here be 句型中,be 动词与其后最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 (1)Not only I but also my brother likes playing basketball. 不仅我,我弟弟也喜欢打篮球。 (2)There is a pen and two books on the desk. 桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。 2.就远原则 主语后接with, like, besides, except, including, as well as, together with等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词的数由介词或介词短语前的主语决定 Tom with his friends often has a picnic in the park on weekends if it doesn􀆳t rain. 如果不下雨,Tom和他朋友周末经常在公园野餐。 3.集体名词 集体名词family, class, team等作为整体时用单数,指成员时用复数。 (1)My family is big and warm. 我的家庭很大很温馨。 (2)It􀆳s 8:00 p.m. now and Zhu Hui􀆳s family are watching TV at home. 现在是晚上8点,朱辉一家在家里看电视。 4.含有量词的短语 有量词短语(a pair of/4 bottles of等)修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词的数由量词决定。 (1)This pair of shoes looks very cool. 这双鞋子看上去很酷。 (2)There are so many kids here. I think ten more bottles of milk are needed. 这里有这么多孩子。我想还需要10瓶牛奶。 5.含有分数或百分数的短语 分数/百分数+名词,谓语动词的数由名词决定。 (1)Three fifths of the work has been finished. 五分之三的工作已经完成了。 (2)Sixty percent of the students in my class are boys. 我班百分之六十的学生是男生。 点对微语篇练习 (一)语法选择 Once upon a time, many animals lived in the forest. Among them, there 　1　 a small rabbit. One day, the rabbit went to a river to drink some water. He saw himself in the river. “My long ears 　2　 so beautiful!” the rabbit said to himself. “But my legs! They are so short and 　3　 me look so silly.” Suddenly he found a tiger jumping on him. With his short legs, the rabbit ran away. “How lucky I am!” said the rabbit 　4　 when he stopped running. Five minutes later, the tiger came again. Just at the moment when the rabbit saw the tiger, the tiger caught 　5　 by his long ears.  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (　　)1.A.is B.are C.was (　　)2.A.look B.looks C.looked (　　)3.A.make B.makes C.made (　　)4.A.happy B.unhappy C.happily (　　)5.A.he B.him C.his (二)短文填空 have　famous　win　be　student　ready　beat Zhong Nanshan is a famous Chinese doctor. He is 　1　 for his knowledge and achievements. Chinese people see him as a hero.  Zhong Nanshan is a good sportsman. When he 　2　 a university student, he was one of the athlete representatives(代表)of Peking University. In 1956,he 　3　 the 400⁃meter race at the sports meeting. Zhong set up some records that nobody at Peking University 　4　 broken so far.  Zhong is not only a doctor, but also a good teacher. In 2010, Zhong selected(挑选) 　5　 for a 32⁃student “Nanshan class” and taught them more medical knowledge. He wanted to train more great doctors for China.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　  能力测试 (一)语法选择 Ne Zha 2: The Devil Child Comes to the Sea is extremely popular in China.It 　1　 by the famous director Jiaozi(Yang Yu).It brings us a wonderful story about 　2　 little hero, Ne Zha.  Ne Zha faces two main new 　3　in this movie.The air seems to be filled with a tense atmosphere as these challenges emerge.Some bad people try 　4　trouble for him.They say Ne Zha is a bad kid.However, Ne Zha believes in himself and knows 　5　he should do.He decides to save his home and show everyone that he is a good boy.  The pictures in the movie are 　6　beautiful.We can see colorful underwater world full 　7　big and amazing palaces.The fight scenes are so exciting that people can􀆳t help cheering.Ne Zha􀆳s friends and family 　8　always there for him.Whether he􀆳s facing danger or doubting himself, their support never wavers.They teach us how 　9　our friendship and family are.  Ne Zha 2 is not just a movie.It 　10　us that if we are brave and never give up, we can make our dreams come true.So, let􀆳s go to the cinema to enjoy this great movie!   (　　)1.A.directs B.directed C.is directed (　　)2.A.a B.the C./ (　　)3.A.challenge B.challenges C.challenges􀆳 (　　)4.A.make B.making C.to make (　　)5.A.what B.how C.why (　　)6.A.real B.really C.reality (　　)7.A.of B.with C.in (　　)8.A.be B.is C.are (　　)9.A.important B.more important C.the most important (　　)10.A.tells B.told C.was telling (二)短文填空 be　father　away　succeed　with　I　up　square　that　shoot　difficult　by It was a Saturday morning, my father and I walked in a park. When I saw some people shooting arrows(箭) on the 　11　, I decided to have a try.  A girl of my age was having her second try. She picked up an arrow and 　12　it.But it missed the target! She tried a third time,and failed again. She just gave　13　and walked away.  Then it was my turn to shoot.I fixed my eyes on the target.　14　 all of my efforts, I shot the arrow.It missed! I shot three more arrows.I failed them all. I was so upset 　15　 I just wanted to leave this unlucky place.  My father encouraged　16　 to take one more shot. I held my breath, stared at the target carefully and shot the arrow. Again, I missed the target! But I got closer to it.I kept trying and finally I made it! “See,son.Nobody 　17　 born to do well in everything. Never give up, and you can do it,” said my　18　.  From this experience, I realize that challenges in life are not as　19　 as they seem to be. If we focus on them,learn from failure, and keep trying, we can 　20　 in the end.And that day, I truly understood that every small step forward, no matter how slow, leads us closer to what we􀆳re striving for.  11.　　　　　　　12.　　　　　　　13.　　　　　　　14.　　　　　　　15.　　　　　  16.　　　　　　　17.　　　　　　　18.　　　　　　　19.　　　　　　　20.　　　　　  (三)翻译句子 21.我爸爸早上经常很早起床。   22. Tom家里有几个人?   23. 我爷爷奶奶都喜欢运动。   24. 这面包闻起来美味吗?   25.看!冰箱里有一些果汁和鸡蛋。   语法阶段检测一 (范围:构词法、名词、动词) 一、单项选择 (　　)1.Volunteers are the happiest people in the world because they bring 　　　　to others.  A.happy B.happily C.happiness (　　)2.The children got to the Ocean Park after one 　　　　ride.  A.hour B.hour􀆳s　　　　　　　　 C.hours􀆳 (　　)3.We should encourage the kids 　　　　chores, so they can take care of themselves in the future.  A.to do　　 B.do　　　 C.doing (　　)4.Breakfast 　　　　every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.  A.will be provided　　 B.was provided　　　 C.is provided (　　)5.If you can make full use of the books, probably you 　　　　a good lawyer.  A.became　　　　　　 B.will become　 C.have become 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 6.Many 　　　　　　(visit) come to ride in Songshan Lake every year.  7.The scientist has made a great number of 　　　　　　(achieve) in his life time.  8.In fact, a small act of 　　　　　　(kind) will make a big difference to others.  9.Look, they are 　　　　　　(have) a birthday party.  10.Although he failed the exam, he never 　　　　　　(give) up and worked even harder.  三、语法选择 When I was a child, I wanted 　11　 someone like my father. My father is 　12　 teacher in a middle school. He is popular with his students. And he taught me a lot 　13　 my tenth birthday. He asked me, “What will you do when you grow up?” I answered 　14　, “Be a teacher like you!” Hearing this, my father was very happy and said to me, “Try your best and your dream 　15　 true in the future.”  In the fourth year of my college, I volunteered in a school.One of the teachers was ill. She wanted me to take her place for two 　16　. I was glad but nervous.My father 　17　, “This is a good chance.I wish you success!” The next day, I 　18　 to the class by the head teacher of the school.The children felt very happy.With other 　19　 help, I did very well.  Since then, I　20　 more interested in being a teacher than before.What a great experience it was!  (　　)11.A.to be B.be C.being (　　)12.A.a B.an C.the (　　)13.A.at B.in C.on (　　)14.A.proud B.proudly C.pride (　　)15.A.come B.has come C.will come (　　)16.A.week　 B.weeks　　　 C.weeks􀆳 (　　)17.A.say B.says C.said (　　)18.A.am introduced B.was introduced C.will be introduced (　　)19.A.teacher B.teacher􀆳s C.teachers􀆳 (　　)20.A.was　　 B.have been C.will be 四、短文填空 powerful 　carefully　improve　pick　be　difficult complete　 hour　 make　 job　 as　 turn On April 19, 2025, the world􀆳s first humanoid robot half⁃marathon (人形机器人半程马拉松) attracted great attention. A total of 20 humanoid robots entered the race.These robots 　21　 developed by different teams in China and showed different levels of abilities. Before the race started, engineers checked every part of the robots 　22　 to make sure that they were in good condition.They fixed the robots􀆳 joints (关节), updated programs and 　23　 their power systems.  However, the race 　24　 out to be a huge challenge for the robots. Right from the start, some robots faced problems such 　25　 dead batteries (电池) and broken parts.Only six robots managed to 　26　 the race.Tiangong Ultra finished the half⁃marathon in two 　27　 and 40 minutes, far ahead of the race􀆳s second winner.How amazing it is!  Although there are full of many 　28　, this humanoid robot half⁃marathon is still an important step forward in robotic engineering.It also 　29　 us think about the relationship between humans and robots.As robots become more 　30　 than before, how will they fit into our lives? Maybe in the future, we will see robots help us in more areas, from daily chores to difficult jobs.  五、阅读理解 Want to know what your friends are really like?Take a look at their music playlist.More than 36,000 people, from all over the world, took part in an experiment.It compared their personalities with how much they liked different musical styles.The results show that what we listen to has to do with our own personalities.Here is what certain musical styles say about who you are. Rock Like the sound of loud guitars and heavy drum beats? This type of music sounds very exciting, but fans of it are often quite gentle. Country music If cowboy hats and guitars get you singing along, it􀆳s possible that you are really hard⁃working, preferring traditional styles and values. Jazz Fans of this strong music always come up with new ideas and are good at learning. If you like the saxophone of John Coltrane, then you􀆳reprobably self⁃confident and easy to get on with. Classical music If Beethoven and Mozart have you turning up the music, you􀆳re probably quiet, but happy with who you are and comfortable with the world around you. 　　But the experiment didn􀆳t tell the whole story: where we grow up, who we often go out with, and our personal experiences play into our taste, too. The songs you choose to be part of your life make you different from others. But no matter what style you like, music is for everyone. And enjoying different types of music lets you get a taste of cultures you might not have experienced before.So experiment with your playlist! (　　)31.What influences our musical taste according to the experiment? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 A.Personalities. B.Friends. C.Parents. D.Instruments. (　　)32.According to the passage, if Daniel is creative, what may be found in his playlist? A.Rock. B.Country music. C.Jazz. D.Classical music. (　　)33.What is TRUE about classical music fans? A.They usually feel nervous in social situations. B.They are not satisfied with their own lives. C.They are likely to be peaceful and satisfied. D.They prefer loud and energetic music. (　　)34.What do we learn from the passage? A.Rock music fans are usually very outgoing. B.Country music lovers may care about traditional values. C.Jazz fans are often not confident in themselves. D.Classical music fans like to change their living environments. (　　)35.What may be the writer􀆳s advice for us? A.Changing our personalities. B.Getting more learning experiences. C.Doing experiments with friends. D.Trying different types of music. 六、回答问题 Recently, a video has caught many people􀆳s eyes.In the video, a man is introducing Shanghai in English.He wears his uniform and smiles confidently.He is a city cleaner in Shanghai, China.His name is Li Zhonghua.Many people watched this video and felt amazed.They wanted to know why he could speak English so well. Li Zhonghua was born in a village in 1975.He didn􀆳t learn English before he went to Shanghai in 2019.His interest in learning English started in 2020.One day, a foreign friend asked him for help, but Li Zhonghua didn􀆳t know what he was talking.After that, he decided to learn English.He studied it after work.He used the environment to improve his English vocabulary.Now, he has known more than 3,500 English words.He is very well⁃known for his spirit to learn English.More and more common people begin to learn from him.He sets a good example for them. “The most important thing in learning English is keeping learning and never giving up.” He said. “English is important and useful.It is like a bridge that connects people from different countries.” he added. He uses English to introduce Shanghai to foreign friends and help them know more about China. Li Zhonghua􀆳s efforts don􀆳t stop there.He will continue to learn English.He plans to learn a different foreign language in the future. 36.What does Li Zhonghua do?   37.When did Li Zhonghua start to be interested in learning English?   38.How many English words has Li Zhonghua known now?   39.What does Li Zhonghua think is the most important thing in learning English?   40.What does Li Zhonghua compare English to?   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题三　灵活多变的动词 第一节　动词的种类 【要点专练】 要点1　动词的五种基本形式 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CABBC (二)1.spent　2.realize　3.visiting　4.won　5.had 要点2　行为动词 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CBBAA (二)1. fought　2. teach　3. came　4. grew 5. become 要点3　动词短语 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 ADBAC (二)1.take　2.feed　3.lost　4.asked　5.arrived 要点4　连系动词 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 AABBC (二)1.become　2.look　3.seems 4.feels 要点5　助动词&要点6　情态动词 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CBACB (二)1.should　2.can　3.have 4.be　5.must 【能力测试】 (一)1—5 ABBCB　6—10 AACBC (二)11.Have　12.found　13.rush　14.and　15.by　16.offers　17.make　18.cameras 19.clearly　20.more　 (三)21.Jim washes his clothes every morning. 22.Can you wait for me at the bus stop? 23.It􀆳s getting hotter and hotter. 24.Did they have a good time yesterday? 25.We should try our best to play a role/part in saving the earth. 第二节　谓语动词的时态 【要点专练】 要点1　一般现在时 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—4 BBAC (二)1.are　2.have　3.falls　4.gives 要点2　一般过去时 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 BCCCB (二)1.lived　2.knew　3.knocked　4.used　5.was 要点3　一般将来时 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—4 BCBA (二)1.is　2.If　3.have 　4.will　5.easier 要点4　现在进行时 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—3 ABC (二)1.works　2.is　3.wearing　4.call 要点5　过去进行时 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—3 AAC (二)1.having　2.saw　3.were　4.made 要点6　现在完成时 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 BCCBA (二)1.have　2.spend　3.depends　4.become 5.deal 【能力测试】 (一)1—5 BCBAA 　6—10 CCABA (二)11.tell　12.won　13.first　14.Although 15.long　16.different　17.simply 18.an　19.him 　20.on (三)21.Every day, he spends two hours in learning English. 22.Yesterday, my friends bought me a book as a birthday gift/present. 23.At that time, I was preparing for a reading report. 24.I have lived in Dongguan for ten years. 25.This shopping mall has been open for two years. 第三节　被动语态 【要点专练】 要点1　被动语态的形式 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CABCC (二)1.a　2.connected　3.largest　4.been 5.expected 要点2　被动语态的疑难点 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 BCCCA (二)1.the　2.interested　3.to　4.tastes 5.with 要点3　被动结构的常用短语及句型 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 ABBAC (二)1.made　2.filled　3.by　4.other　5.but 【能力测试】 (一)1—5 CABCC　6—10 BACAC (二)11.part　12.happened　13.even　14.win 15.photos　16. and　17.bad 18.ourselves 　19.before　20.spread (三)21.The chair is made of wood. 22.I was woken up last night. 23.The road is covered with snow. 24.It􀆳s known that water is important to us. 25.Yesterday, my sister was found to look through my diary. 第四节　非谓语动词 【要点专练】 要点1　动词不定式 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CCBBA (二)1.while　2.allowed　3.to　4.them 5.whether 要点2　动词的⁃ing形式 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CBABA (二)1.an　2.practicing　3.doing　4.between 5.keeps 要点3　动词的⁃ed形式 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CCABB (二)1.interesting　2.called　3.Its　 4.discovered　5.grow 【能力测试】 (一)1—5 CCABC　6—10 BCBBA (二)11.much　12.they　13.living 14.mainly　15.When　16.the　17.set 18.in　19.how　20.kilometers (三)21.My mother advises me to drink milk every morning. 22.John doesn􀆳t know where to borrow a book. 23.Robinson Crusoe is well worth reading. 24.Peter got his bike repaired yesterday. 25.The old lady forgot telling us the story. 第五节　主谓一致 【要点专练】 [对点微语篇练习] (一)1—5 CAACB (二)1.famous　2.was　3.won　4.has 5.students 【能力测试】 (一)1—5 CBBCA 　16—20 BACAA (二)11.square　12.shot　13.up　14.With　15.that 　16.me　17.is　18.father 19.difficult　20.succeed (三)21.My father often gets up early in the morning. 22.How many people are there in Tom􀆳s family? 23.Both my grandpa and grandma like doing sports. 24.Does the bread smell delicious? 25.Look! There is some juice and eggs in the fridge. 语法阶段检测一 一、1—5 CBACB 二、6.visitors　7.achievements　8.kindness 9.having　10.gave 三、11—15 AACBC　6—10 BCBCB 四、21.were　22.carefully　23.improved 24.turned　25.as　26.complete　27.hours 28.difficulties　29.makes　30.powerful 五、31—35 ACCBD 六、36.He is a city cleaner. 37.In 2020. 38.More than 3,500 English words. 39.Keeping learning and never giving up. 40.A bridge that connects people from different countries. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $