精品解析：新疆乌鲁木齐市第二十三中学2026-2027学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题

乌鲁木齐市第23中学2026-2027学年高二年级上9月月考 英语试题 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Fascinating Activities You Can Take Part In Boston Fenway Park: Guided Ballpark Tour with Options ★★★★★4.8/5 1570 reviews You will uncover the history of Fenway stadium and its beloved team, the Red Sox, and discover more than 170,000 stadium artifacts and 150,000 photographs. You can choose from 1-hour tour, a pre-game tour, or a 15-minute tour. Tromsø: Snowmobile Safari in the Lyngen Alps ★★★★★4.9/5 279 reviews You will experience the spectacular Lyngen Alps while driving a snowmobile in beautiful scenery at Camp Troll, where everything is inspired by trolls. After taking pictures, you will head back to the base camp to enjoy a hot meal served around the fire. Cairo: Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) Tour ★★★★★4.6/5 1243 reviews You will see more than 100,000 excellent artifacts in Egypt’s long-awaited GEM. Among the collection, you’ll find 5,000 treasures unearthed from the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun, which will be on public display for the first time in history. Dubai: Tandem Skydive Experience at The Palm ★★★★★4.8/5 212 reviews Admire Dubai from a new perspective. You will feel an incredible adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush as you fly up to 13,000ft into Dubai’s sky before free falling at 120mph. You will have the entire dive documented by a professional camera flyer who will accompany you. 1. How many kinds of tours are available in the first activity? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. Which activity will appeal to an ancient civilization lover? A. Guided Ballpark Tour with Options B. Snowmobile Safari in the Lyngen Alps C. Grand Egyptian Museum Tour D. Tandem Skydive Experience at The Palm 3. In which section of a magazine can this text be read? A. Travel. B. Education. C. Fashion. D. Finance. B The South Bronx is one of the poorest and most polluted places in America, with smog-choked freeways and smelly wastewater treatment plants. “We’re a dumping ground,” Omar explains. “All the garbage from the rest of New York City ends up here.” But Omar started looking at garbage in a different way. “A lot of what people throw away is perfectly good,” he says. “Just look at that stuff from construction sites — doors, sinks, toilets. People will buy those things. It’s only called garbage because somebody threw it away.” Omar was just out of college and working for an environmental group called Sustainable South Bronx when he started considering how to get this “good garbage” to people who could use it. Instead of destroying old things, why not clean them up and resell them? Why not hire people in the community to do the work? Better yet, why not make this business a “cooperative,” which means the people working in the business own it and share the profits? Out of this, Omar started the first cooperative in the country dedicated to reusing construction waste. To start his business, Omar put up flyers along the truck-jammed, trash-filled neighborhood streets, looking for people to work with him. He soon found four other dedicated workers. They rented a warehouse and started looking for donations of used materials. In April 2008, Omar’s cooperative, ReBuilders Source, opened its business and began selling construction supplies — at reasonable prices — to neighborhood builders and home owners. With the help of city officials, he also began planning a new training program to help local residents learn the skills to get good jobs that help the environment and even start their own cooperatives. Workers were trained to carefully take buildings apart so that things like doors and windows can be reused instead of being smashed and sent off to a landfill. Deconstructing buildings this way could be a huge industry with many good jobs for people who need them. “If you have a use for something,” Omar says, “it’s no longer waste.” 4. Why is the South Bronx mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To arouse readers’ interest. B. To serve as the background information. C. To contrast with the other districts. D. To introduce a famous place. 5. Which was Not the reason for Omar’s creating a cooperative business? A. To provide jobs for local people. B. To deal with dumped rubbish. C. To increase cooperation among neighbors. D. To make money from garbage. 6. Which of the following words best describe Omar? A. Idealistic and business-minded. B. Creative and action-oriented. C. Practical and self-focused. D. Devoted and iron-hearted. 7. Which saying might interpret Omar’s action? A. Knowledge starts with practice. B. One good turn deserves another. C. Four eyes see more than two. D. Kill two birds with one stone. C At any bus stop or in a queue, most people couldn’t help keeping their heads down, scrolling (滚屏) on their phones. But studies suggest that if you resist that urge and let your mind wander instead, you may gain some surprising benefits. We seem to do anything to avoid being alone with our thoughts. Social psychology professor Erin Westgate compares the common mindless scrolling to “brain candy” which offers temporary pleasure, yet is of little meaning. She adds that what is of real meaning is high-order thinking leading to human achievements. Many people fear boredom, but this fear is often overstated. In a 2022 study conducted by Murayama, university students were asked to sit alone for 20 minutes with nothing to do but think. Though they had expected the wait to be unbearable, most ended up enjoying it far more than predicted — finding the empty time just as pleasant as scrolling on a phone would have made it. We badly underestimate how rewarding it can be to simply follow our own thoughts. Mind-wandering is a distinct human gift that boosts learning. In one study, Vékony and her colleagues(2023) found that when learners’ minds wandered, their brains slipped into brief, sleep-like “offline” moments. In these quiet pauses, freshly learned material was strengthened and allowed to take root. Mind-wandering is also key to problem-solving. People often find solutions better after unfocused thinking than intentional effort alone, especially during routine tasks like driving or showering. Even when people are not actively thinking, their brains remain active in a so-called default mode (默认模式), allowing ideas to connect in new ways. It’s especially helpful for complex problems. Daydreaming boosts social and emotional connections too. A study found that imagining pleasant interactions with loved ones made people feel closer. Social daydreaming allows individuals to practice conversations, reflect on past interactions, and prepare for future social situations. Murayama says he now tries to resist checking his phone during short waits and lets his thoughts wander. He finds that simply entertaining oneself mentally can be both satisfying and meaningful. 8. Why is mindless phone scrolling compared to “brain candy”? A. It does harm to the brain over time. B. It replaces higher-order thinking. C. It pleases us instantly but lacks meaning. D. It tastes sweet but is extremely hard to give up. 9. Why does the author mention the 2022 study? A. To reveal the pleasure of daydreaming. B. To show the fear of boredom is exaggerated. C. To state that the fear of boredom is common. D. To highlight the limits of mindless scrolling. 10. What does paragraph 5 imply about the “default mode”? A. Unfocused thinking sparks ideas. B. Intentional effort brings new ideas. C. Complex tasks require active minds. D. Routines involve little brain activity. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Stay Focused in the Age of Smartphones. B. Rediscover the Joy of Being Truly Alone. C. Unlock the Power of Your Wandering Mind. D. Uncover the Hidden Benefits of Social Daydreaming. D While teenagers who are at risk of depression with risky behaviors — drinking alcohol,smoking cigarettes and cutting classes often alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing, a new study finds that there’s another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of experiencing the same mental symptoms. These teens use tons of media, get insufficient sleep and have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle. Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme that are truly in a dangerous position. Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been called the“invisible risk” group by the study’s authors. The study’s authors surveyed 15,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking and high media use. Their aim was to determine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just4% of the low-risk group. But the invisible group wasn’t far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting depression. The findings caught Carli off guard. “We didn’t expect that,” he says. “The high-risk group and low-risk group are obvious, but this third group was not only unexpected. It was so distinct and so larger — nearly one third of our sample — that it became a key finding of the study.” Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identifications, support and treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders. 12. Which teenager probably belongs to the“invisible group”? A. A teenager who drinks frequently. B. A teenager who exercises regularly. C. A teenager who skips school. D. A teenager who suffers from a lack of sleep. 13. What can we know about the new study? A. It was intended to dig into the reasons for depression. B. Its findings were under expectation of the research team. C. It revealed an alarming rate of the invisible group suffering depression. D. It was conducted by analyzing and comparing the previous data. 14. What is Carli’s attitude toward the findings? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent. 15. The author wrote this passage to ________. A. introduce a new therapy for teens’ mental disorder B. caution teens against developing unhealthy habits C. share a novel psychological experiment with teens D. warn about the unobserved signals for teens’ mental problems 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 The Happy Person’s Retreat (退让) Principle Many people regard giving in to conflicts as weakness or surrender. Yet psychologists put forward a meaningful concept: the Happy Person’s Retreat Principle. ____16____ It is a wise, rational and intelligent choice rather than timidity (怯懦). The core logic behind this principle is easy to understand. People living stable, fulfilling lives have precious things to cherish: warm families, healthy bodies, steady careers and inner peace. ____17____ In contrast, those trapped in negative lives have little to lose, so they tend to argue fiercely over trivial things and risk everything to win a fight. ____18____ Imagine you encounter a rude fight on the road. If you choose to fight back angrily, you may get caught in a fierce argument or even physical conflict. The momentary sense of victory will cost you your good mood, precious time and even personal safety. However, stepping back calmly helps you skip unnecessary trouble immediately. This principle never means blind tolerance for all unfair treatment. ____19____ When your basic rights, personal safety or moral bottom line are seriously violated, you have every reason to defend yourself firmly. Retreat only works when the conflict is meaningless and brings no positive value to your life. Learning to apply this psychological rule brings lasting benefits. It saves you from endless emotional consumption and keeps your inner world peaceful. ____20____ True happiness lies in guarding your own happy life instead of winning every meaningless dispute. A. Here is a typical daily example to illustrate this principle clearly. B. It finally allows you to focus energy on what truly matters to you. C. Many people misunderstand the real meaning of personal happiness. D. We should never give up our principles to avoid temporary conflicts. E. Blind giving-in will only encourage others to treat you improperly. F. It explains why happy people prefer to retreat from pointless conflicts. G. Getting involved in quarrels will make them lose more valuable happiness. 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Growing up on the Tongan island of Vava’u, Silva McLeod didn’t know being a pilot was a possible career. Flying was a ___21___ for little Silva. She knew her future was quite ___22___ — she would marry and have babies like the other women there. But every time an aircraft flew over, she ___23___ raced outside to see, fascinated by the people operating these machines.   McLeod’s first flight ___24___ was in 1981 when she flew with her husband Ken from Vava’u to his hometown Melbourne. It was disastrous. They were flying in terrible weather and the pilots made ___25___ in English, which most Tongan passengers couldn’t understand.   After that, McLeod ___26___ her fantasy of learning about aviation, and Ken was supportive. But ___27___ got in the way. Her move to Australia ___28___ much more than relocating — she had to learn so much to adjust. Soon, there were children ___29___ the mix.   It was not until her 32nd birthday when Ken ____30____ her with an introductory training flight acceptance letter that her life took a turn. Chipping away year by year, course by course, McLeod ____31____ worked her way toward becoming a pilot. In 1992, she finally ____32____ her mission and became the first Tongan woman pilot. In 2023, her memoir Island Girl to Airline Pilot was published detailing her ____33____ journey.  “Never just look to the top of the mountain,” she says ____34____ advice. “Because that’s when you quit. It’s too high, too hard. But if you just ____35____ that step in front, chip away bit by bit, before you know it, you have advanced right up halfway to the mountain.” 21. A. goal B. fantasy C. concern D. request 22. A. unchangeable B. promising C. significant D. unbearable 23. A. even B. always C. never D. also 24. A. training B. arrangement C. experience D. performance 25. A. conversations B. comments C. announcements D. negotiations 26. A. understood B. discounted C. recognized D. admitted 27. A. tragedy B. life C. finance D. discrimination 28. A. required B. improved C. reflected D. weighed 29. A. escaping from B. cleaning up C. added to D. addicted to 30. A. disturbed B. transformed C. consulted D. presented 31. A. slowly B. secretly C. temporarily D. casually 32. A. exchanged B. accomplished C. discovered D. accepted 33. A. heartbreaking B. round-trip C. peaceful D. incredible 34. A. in addition to B. by comparison with C. in search of D. by way of 35. A. pick out B. focus on C. speed up D. skip away 第二节 语法填空(每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han people, is making a comeback in China. In cities like Hangzhou and Xi’an, long robes (长袍) and skirts ____36____ (wear) by young people can be seen as people walk through the streets, taking photos and enjoying festivals. Some even wear it to class ____37____ special occasions. Why has hanfu become so popular? One reason is ____38____ growing interest in traditional culture. On social media, videos ____39____ (show) beautiful hanfu styles can get millions of views, and many young designers ____40____ (combine) hanfu with modern fashion in the past few years. Hanfu clubs, where members learn ____41____ to make and wear the clothing properly, have appeared in ____42____ (hundred) of universities. For many wearers, hanfu is more than a dress. “When I put it on, I feel ____43____ (connect) to my history,” says a college student from Nanjing. “____44____ strikes me that the deep-rooted value lies within our ancient culture.” Of course, not everyone wants to wear it every day. But whether as a hobby ____45____ as a way of life, hanfu has found its place in modern China. 基础知识（共三节，满分 45 分） 第一节 单词拼写（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 46. My teacher p________ (劝说) me to take part in the city science and innovation competition last term. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 47. The t________ (理论) supposes the existence of life on other planets. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 48. James, a c________ (坚定的) conservationist, has devoted his life to fighting for a safer and cleaner planet. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 49. I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, a________ (显然地) unhurt, and dashed back to me. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 50. Income, education and o________ (职业) all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habit. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 51. ________ (科学的) advances in artificial intelligence have raised both hopes and concerns among experts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy’s r________(抵制). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 53. Experts from different fields have made p________ (预测) about how smart homes will reshape people’s lifestyles. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. Some commonly-used household chemicals are p________ (潜在地) harmful to young kids. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 55. I think we should a________(提倡) that everyone adopt a low-carbon lifestyle to protect our environment. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 56. From his sad expression, we i________ (推断) that he had failed the important exam. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 57. In the a________ (缺乏) of clear evidence, the scientist’s hypothesis remains unproved to this day. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 58. Having lived abroad for years, she has a strong p________ (偏爱) for reading original English novels. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 59. The research institute, f________ (建立) in 1950, has become famous for its medical experiments. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 60. They came to a c________ (结论) that it was a thief who had stolen their diamond necklace. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第二节 单句语法填空（共 10 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 61. We need to check the ________ (accurate) of the data after we evaluate them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. Don’t call me at 9 p.m. tomorrow; I ________ (attend) an online academic seminar then.（所给词的适当形式填空） 63. With a good command ________ three languages, the young guide impressed all the foreign visitors. (用适当的词填空) 64. They talked about the teachers and schools ________ they had visited. (用适当的词填空) 65. ________ (instant) smoke is detected, smart household equipment will cut off power automatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66. An expert in Chinese character culture has been invited to the campus, _____________ major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. (用适当的词填空) 67. The organization ________ which she belongs helps poor students. (用适当的词填空) 68. She brought her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (用适当的词填空) 69. It will take several months ________ we know whether the experiment succeeds. (用适当的词填空) 70. Many researchers oppose ________ (apply) this technology blindly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第三节 选词填空（共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 选词填空 with the objective of; switch off; as a consequence; draw out; in this sense come to power; catch fire; keep in touch with; be available to; early on 71. Using a lower temperature to ________ the extract, she found a substance that worked. 72. They set up a team ________ finding new treatments for the disease. 73. She showed talent ________ in her career, which explains why she is so successful now. 74. I met her when I was studying in Wuhan, and I have ________ her ever since. 75. ________, the system is of fundamental importance. 76. My sister walked into my room angrily, picked up the remote control and ________ the television. 77. He failed in many experiments. ________, he decided to adjust his research plan. 78. After the new government ________, several research projects were launched. 79. The new database of the school library will ________ all students free of charge from next month. 80. The wooden lab ________ because of the broken equipment. 写作（满分25分） 81. 百度百科打算创建英文版的百度人物词条，请你结合以下信息，为张桂梅编写词条。 姓名：张桂梅 爱好：读书、养花 职业：教师 生活态度：生活简朴，淡泊名利，坚韧无私 出生：1957年，黑龙江牡丹江 主要事迹： (1)创办全国第一所免费女子高中，帮助数千山区女孩走出大山、圆大学梦； (2)深耕山区女子教育，被学生亲切称为“张妈妈”。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 适当表达个人看法。 参考词汇： mountainous areas 山区；free girls’ high school 免费女子高中 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 乌鲁木齐市第23中学2026-2027学年高二年级上9月月考 英语试题 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Fascinating Activities You Can Take Part In Boston Fenway Park: Guided Ballpark Tour with Options ★★★★★4.8/5 1570 reviews You will uncover the history of Fenway stadium and its beloved team, the Red Sox, and discover more than 170,000 stadium artifacts and 150,000 photographs. You can choose from 1-hour tour, a pre-game tour, or a 15-minute tour. Tromsø: Snowmobile Safari in the Lyngen Alps ★★★★★4.9/5 279 reviews You will experience the spectacular Lyngen Alps while driving a snowmobile in beautiful scenery at Camp Troll, where everything is inspired by trolls. After taking pictures, you will head back to the base camp to enjoy a hot meal served around the fire. Cairo: Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) Tour ★★★★★4.6/5 1243 reviews You will see more than 100,000 excellent artifacts in Egypt’s long-awaited GEM. Among the collection, you’ll find 5,000 treasures unearthed from the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun, which will be on public display for the first time in history. Dubai: Tandem Skydive Experience at The Palm ★★★★★4.8/5 212 reviews Admire Dubai from a new perspective. You will feel an incredible adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush as you fly up to 13,000ft into Dubai’s sky before free falling at 120mph. You will have the entire dive documented by a professional camera flyer who will accompany you. 1. How many kinds of tours are available in the first activity? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. Which activity will appeal to an ancient civilization lover? A. Guided Ballpark Tour with Options B. Snowmobile Safari in the Lyngen Alps C. Grand Egyptian Museum Tour D. Tandem Skydive Experience at The Palm 3. In which section of a magazine can this text be read? A. Travel. B. Education. C. Fashion. D. Finance. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四种有趣的旅行活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Boston Fenway Park: Guided Ballpark Tour with Options”下面的“You can choose from 1-hour tour, a pre-game tour, or a 15-minute tour.(你可以选择1小时游览、赛前游览或15分钟游览。)”可知，第一种活动有三种游览方式可供选择。故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Cairo: Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) Tour”下面的“You will see more than 100,000 excellent artifacts in Egypt’s long-awaited GEM. Among the collection, you’ll find 5,000 treasures unearthed from the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun, which will be on public display for the first time in history.(你将在埃及期待已久的大埃及博物馆中看到超过100000件精美手工艺品。在这些藏品中，你会发现从埃及法老图坦卡蒙墓中出土的5000件珍宝，这将是历史上首次公开展出。)”可知，在大埃及博物馆之旅中游客能够看到许多精美的手工艺品，以及历史上将首次公开展出的埃及法老图坦卡蒙墓中出土的珍品，由此可以推测，古文明爱好者会喜欢来这里。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Fascinating Activities You Can Take Part In”及下文内容可知，本文介绍了四种有趣的旅行活动，因此最有可能出自杂志的“旅游”栏目。故选A。 B The South Bronx is one of the poorest and most polluted places in America, with smog-choked freeways and smelly wastewater treatment plants. “We’re a dumping ground,” Omar explains. “All the garbage from the rest of New York City ends up here.” But Omar started looking at garbage in a different way. “A lot of what people throw away is perfectly good,” he says. “Just look at that stuff from construction sites — doors, sinks, toilets. People will buy those things. It’s only called garbage because somebody threw it away.” Omar was just out of college and working for an environmental group called Sustainable South Bronx when he started considering how to get this “good garbage” to people who could use it. Instead of destroying old things, why not clean them up and resell them? Why not hire people in the community to do the work? Better yet, why not make this business a “cooperative,” which means the people working in the business own it and share the profits? Out of this, Omar started the first cooperative in the country dedicated to reusing construction waste. To start his business, Omar put up flyers along the truck-jammed, trash-filled neighborhood streets, looking for people to work with him. He soon found four other dedicated workers. They rented a warehouse and started looking for donations of used materials. In April 2008, Omar’s cooperative, ReBuilders Source, opened its business and began selling construction supplies — at reasonable prices — to neighborhood builders and home owners. With the help of city officials, he also began planning a new training program to help local residents learn the skills to get good jobs that help the environment and even start their own cooperatives. Workers were trained to carefully take buildings apart so that things like doors and windows can be reused instead of being smashed and sent off to a landfill. Deconstructing buildings this way could be a huge industry with many good jobs for people who need them. “If you have a use for something,” Omar says, “it’s no longer waste.” 4. Why is the South Bronx mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To arouse readers’ interest. B. To serve as the background information. C. To contrast with the other districts. D. To introduce a famous place. 5. Which was Not the reason for Omar’s creating a cooperative business? A. To provide jobs for local people. B. To deal with dumped rubbish. C. To increase cooperation among neighbors. D. To make money from garbage. 6. Which of the following words best describe Omar? A. Idealistic and business-minded. B. Creative and action-oriented. C. Practical and self-focused. D. Devoted and iron-hearted. 7. Which saying might interpret Omar’s action? A. Knowledge starts with practice. B. One good turn deserves another. C. Four eyes see more than two. D. Kill two birds with one stone. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。南布朗克斯是美国最贫穷、污染最严重的地区之一，这里是一个垃圾倾倒地，刚刚大学毕业的奥马尔想到创建合作企业来为当地人提供就业机会、处理倾倒的垃圾和从垃圾中获利。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““We’re a dumping ground,” Omar explains. “All the garbage from the rest of New York City ends up here.” (“我们是一个垃圾场，”奥马尔解释说。“纽约市其他地方的垃圾都被送到了这里。”)”和第三段开头“But Omar started looking at garbage in a different way. (但奥马尔开始用一种不同的方式看待垃圾)”可知后续内容要描述奥马尔如何利用这个地方的垃圾，所以第一段的内容是背景信息。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead of destroying old things, why not clean them up and resell them? Why not hire people in the community to do the work? Better yet, why not make this business a “cooperative,” which means the people working in the business own it and share the profits? (与其毁掉旧东西，为什么不把它们清理干净再卖掉呢？为什么不雇社区里的人来做这项工作呢？更好的是，为什么不让这个企业成为“合作社”，这意味着在企业工作的人拥有它并分享利润?)”可知奥马尔创建合作企业的原因包括处理倾倒的垃圾、为当地人提供就业机会并从垃圾中获得利润，C选项“To increase cooperation among neighbors. (促进邻里和睦相处)”未提及。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But Omar started looking at garbage in a different way. (但奥马尔开始用一种不同的方式看待垃圾)”和“Instead of destroying old things, why not clean them up and resell them? Why not hire people in the community to do the work? Better yet, why not make this business a “cooperative,” which means the people working in the business own it and share the profits? (与其毁掉旧东西，为什么不把它们清理干净再卖掉呢？为什么不雇社区里的人来做这项工作呢？更好的是，为什么不让这个企业成为“合作社”，这意味着在企业工作的人拥有它并分享利润?)”可推测出奥马尔是一个“有创造力的”人。根据第四段“Out of this, Omar started the first cooperative in the country dedicated to reusing construction waste. To start his business, Omar put up flyers along the truck-jammed, trash-filled neighborhood streets, looking for people to work with him. He soon found four other dedicated workers. They rented a warehouse and started looking for donations of used materials. (以此为基础，奥马尔创办了国内第一家致力于建筑垃圾再利用的合作社。为了创业，奥马尔在卡车堵塞、垃圾遍地的社区街道上张贴传单，寻找能和他一起工作的人。他很快就找到了另外四名敬业的工人。他们租了一个仓库，开始寻找二手材料的捐赠)”可知，奥马尔执行力很强，是一个“行动导向的”人。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Workers were trained to carefully take buildings apart so that things like doors and windows can be reused instead of being smashed and sent off to a landfill. Deconstructing buildings this way could be a huge industry with many good jobs for people who need them. (工人们接受过仔细拆卸建筑物的培训，这样门窗之类的东西就可以重复使用，而不是被打碎送到垃圾填埋场。以这种方式解构建筑可以成为一个巨大的产业，为需要它们的人提供许多好工作)”并结合上下文，奥马尔看到南布朗克斯遍地垃圾，萌生了利用这些垃圾创业的想法。在他的努力下，垃圾得到重复使用，同时给当地的人提供了就业机会，所以 “一举两得”可以解释奥马尔的行为。故选D。 C At any bus stop or in a queue, most people couldn’t help keeping their heads down, scrolling (滚屏) on their phones. But studies suggest that if you resist that urge and let your mind wander instead, you may gain some surprising benefits. We seem to do anything to avoid being alone with our thoughts. Social psychology professor Erin Westgate compares the common mindless scrolling to “brain candy” which offers temporary pleasure, yet is of little meaning. She adds that what is of real meaning is high-order thinking leading to human achievements. Many people fear boredom, but this fear is often overstated. In a 2022 study conducted by Murayama, university students were asked to sit alone for 20 minutes with nothing to do but think. Though they had expected the wait to be unbearable, most ended up enjoying it far more than predicted — finding the empty time just as pleasant as scrolling on a phone would have made it. We badly underestimate how rewarding it can be to simply follow our own thoughts. Mind-wandering is a distinct human gift that boosts learning. In one study, Vékony and her colleagues(2023) found that when learners’ minds wandered, their brains slipped into brief, sleep-like “offline” moments. In these quiet pauses, freshly learned material was strengthened and allowed to take root. Mind-wandering is also key to problem-solving. People often find solutions better after unfocused thinking than intentional effort alone, especially during routine tasks like driving or showering. Even when people are not actively thinking, their brains remain active in a so-called default mode (默认模式), allowing ideas to connect in new ways. It’s especially helpful for complex problems. Daydreaming boosts social and emotional connections too. A study found that imagining pleasant interactions with loved ones made people feel closer. Social daydreaming allows individuals to practice conversations, reflect on past interactions, and prepare for future social situations. Murayama says he now tries to resist checking his phone during short waits and lets his thoughts wander. He finds that simply entertaining oneself mentally can be both satisfying and meaningful. 8. Why is mindless phone scrolling compared to “brain candy”? A. It does harm to the brain over time. B. It replaces higher-order thinking. C. It pleases us instantly but lacks meaning. D. It tastes sweet but is extremely hard to give up. 9. Why does the author mention the 2022 study? A. To reveal the pleasure of daydreaming. B. To show the fear of boredom is exaggerated. C. To state that the fear of boredom is common. D. To highlight the limits of mindless scrolling. 10. What does paragraph 5 imply about the “default mode”? A. Unfocused thinking sparks ideas. B. Intentional effort brings new ideas. C. Complex tasks require active minds. D. Routines involve little brain activity. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Stay Focused in the Age of Smartphones. B. Rediscover the Joy of Being Truly Alone. C. Unlock the Power of Your Wandering Mind. D. Uncover the Hidden Benefits of Social Daydreaming. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了人们习惯刷手机逃避独处思考的现状，通过多项研究证明，放空走神、思绪漫游并非浪费时间，反而能够巩固所学知识、解决难题、增进情感联结，拥有诸多隐藏益处。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Social psychology professor Erin Westgate compares the common mindless scrolling to “brain candy” which offers temporary pleasure, yet is of little meaning.(社会心理学教授Erin Westgate将常见的无意识刷手机行为比作“大脑糖果”，它只能带来短暂的愉悦，却毫无实质意义。)”可知，无意识刷手机即时取悦大脑但缺乏内涵，因此被比作“大脑糖果”。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Many people fear boredom, but this fear is often overstated. In a 2022 study conducted by Murayama, university students were asked to sit alone for 20 minutes with nothing to do but think. Though they had expected the wait to be unbearable, most ended up enjoying it far more than predicted (许多人惧怕无聊，但这种恐惧往往被夸大了。Murayama开展了一项2022年的研究，实验要求大学生独自静坐20分钟，全程只能放空思考。尽管他们原本以为这段煎熬的时光难以忍受，但绝大多数人最后发现，独处思考远比自己预想的要愉悦得多)”可知，作者列举2022年的研究，是为了证明人们对无聊、放空独处的恐惧是言过其实的。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第五段“Even when people are not actively thinking, their brains remain active in a so-called default mode, allowing ideas to connect in new ways.(即使人们没有主动思考，大脑仍会在所谓的默认模式下保持活跃，让想法以全新的方式产生联结。)”可知，非专注的放空思考能够激发新思路、产生新想法。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据原文第一段“But studies suggest that if you resist that urge and let your mind wander instead, you may gain some surprising benefits.(但多项研究表明，如果你克制住刷手机的冲动，转而放空思绪、任由大脑自由漫游，你或许能收获一些意想不到的益处。)”并通读全文可知，文章层层阐述思绪漫游、放空走神在学习记忆、解决问题、社交情绪等方面的多重积极作用，核心是挖掘并介绍大脑放空思考的强大力量；因此最佳标题为“解锁思绪漫游的力量”。 D While teenagers who are at risk of depression with risky behaviors — drinking alcohol,smoking cigarettes and cutting classes often alert parents and teachers that serious problems are brewing, a new study finds that there’s another group of adolescents who are in nearly as much danger of experiencing the same mental symptoms. These teens use tons of media, get insufficient sleep and have a sedentary (不爱活动的) lifestyle. Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme that are truly in a dangerous position. Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been called the“invisible risk” group by the study’s authors. The study’s authors surveyed 15,395 students and analyzed nine risk behaviors, including excessive alcohol use, illegal drug use, heavy smoking and high media use. Their aim was to determine the relationship between these risk behaviors and mental health issues in teenagers.The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just4% of the low-risk group. But the invisible group wasn’t far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting depression. The findings caught Carli off guard. “We didn’t expect that,” he says. “The high-risk group and low-risk group are obvious, but this third group was not only unexpected. It was so distinct and so larger — nearly one third of our sample — that it became a key finding of the study.” Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identifications, support and treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders. 12. Which teenager probably belongs to the“invisible group”? A. A teenager who drinks frequently. B. A teenager who exercises regularly. C. A teenager who skips school. D. A teenager who suffers from a lack of sleep. 13. What can we know about the new study? A. It was intended to dig into the reasons for depression. B. Its findings were under expectation of the research team. C. It revealed an alarming rate of the invisible group suffering depression. D. It was conducted by analyzing and comparing the previous data. 14. What is Carli’s attitude toward the findings? A. Unclear. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Indifferent. 15. The author wrote this passage to ________. A. introduce a new therapy for teens’ mental disorder B. caution teens against developing unhealthy habits C. share a novel psychological experiment with teens D. warn about the unobserved signals for teens’ mental problems 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于青少年心理健康风险行为的研究，说明了哪些行为模式可能预示着青少年存在心理健康风险，并强调了早期识别、支持和治疗的重要性。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“These teens use tons of media, get insufficient sleep and have a sedentary (不爱活动的)lifestyle. Of course, that may sound like a description of every teenager on the planet. But the study warns that it is teenagers who engage in all three of these practices in the extreme that are truly in a dangerous position. Because their behaviors are not usually seen as a red flag, these young people have been called the “invisible risk” group by the study’s authors.(这类青少年大量使用媒体、睡眠不足且生活方式久坐不动。当然，这听起来可能像是对地球上所有青少年的普遍描述。但研究警告称，真正处于危险境地的是那些极端沉迷于这三种行为的青少年。由于他们的行为通常不被视为危险信号，研究作者将这类年轻人称为“隐形风险”群体。)”可知，“隐形风险”群体的特征是极端沉迷于三种行为：大量使用媒体、睡眠不足和久坐不动的生活方式。选项D“A teenager who suffers from a lack of sleep.( 睡眠不足的青少年)”直接对应“隐形风险”群体的核心特征之一，因此属于该群体。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The group that scored high on all nine of the risk behaviors was most likely to show symptoms of depression; in all, nearly 15% of this group reported being depressed, compared with just4% of the low-risk group. But the invisible group wasn’t far behind the high-risk set, with more than 13% of them exhibiting depression.(结果显示，在所有九项风险行为中得分高的群体最容易出现抑郁症状：总体而言，该群体中近15%的人报告有抑郁倾向，而低风险群体中这一比例仅为4%。但“隐形风险”群体的抑郁比例紧随其后，超过13%的人表现出抑郁症状。)”可知，“隐形风险”群体的抑郁比例超过13%，且该群体规模庞大（占样本近三分之一），这一数据揭示了其抑郁率之高令人警惕。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Carli says that one of the most significant things about his study is that it provides new early warning signs for parents, teachers and mental health-care providers. And early identifications, support and treatment for mental health issues, he says, are the best ways to keep them from turning into full-blown disorders.(Carli指出，这项研究最重要的意义之一在于，它为家长、教师和心理健康服务提供者提供了新的早期预警信号。他强调，对心理健康问题进行早期识别、支持和治疗，是防止其演变为全面心理疾病的最佳方式。)”可知，Carli 认为研究很有意义，也就是说Carli对研究发现的态度是积极的。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章围绕新研究展开，重点强调“隐形风险”群体（大量使用媒体、睡眠不足、久坐）的心理健康问题常被忽视，其抑郁风险接近高风险群体。研究的核心目的是揭示这些未被注意的信号，呼吁对青少年心理健康的早期识别和干预。因此，作者意图是警告青少年心理健康问题中未被观察到的信号。故选D。 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 The Happy Person’s Retreat (退让) Principle Many people regard giving in to conflicts as weakness or surrender. Yet psychologists put forward a meaningful concept: the Happy Person’s Retreat Principle. ____16____ It is a wise, rational and intelligent choice rather than timidity (怯懦). The core logic behind this principle is easy to understand. People living stable, fulfilling lives have precious things to cherish: warm families, healthy bodies, steady careers and inner peace. ____17____ In contrast, those trapped in negative lives have little to lose, so they tend to argue fiercely over trivial things and risk everything to win a fight. ____18____ Imagine you encounter a rude fight on the road. If you choose to fight back angrily, you may get caught in a fierce argument or even physical conflict. The momentary sense of victory will cost you your good mood, precious time and even personal safety. However, stepping back calmly helps you skip unnecessary trouble immediately. This principle never means blind tolerance for all unfair treatment. ____19____ When your basic rights, personal safety or moral bottom line are seriously violated, you have every reason to defend yourself firmly. Retreat only works when the conflict is meaningless and brings no positive value to your life. Learning to apply this psychological rule brings lasting benefits. It saves you from endless emotional consumption and keeps your inner world peaceful. ____20____ True happiness lies in guarding your own happy life instead of winning every meaningless dispute. A. Here is a typical daily example to illustrate this principle clearly. B. It finally allows you to focus energy on what truly matters to you. C. Many people misunderstand the real meaning of personal happiness. D. We should never give up our principles to avoid temporary conflicts. E. Blind giving-in will only encourage others to treat you improperly. F. It explains why happy people prefer to retreat from pointless conflicts. G. Getting involved in quarrels will make them lose more valuable happiness. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了心理学家提出的“快乐者退让原则”（The Happy Person’s Retreat Principle），阐明了其核心逻辑、适用边界与人生智慧。 【16题详解】 前文“Yet psychologists put forward a meaningful concept: the Happy Person’s Retreat Principle.(然而，心理学家提出了一种有意义的概念：快乐者的退让原则。)”刚提出“快乐者退让原则”这一概念，空后“It is a wise, rational and intelligent choice rather than timidity (怯懦).(这是一种明智、理性且富有智慧的选择，而非怯懦。)”紧接着说“这是明智、理性、智慧的选择，而非怯懦”。F 项“It explains why happy people prefer to retreat from pointless conflicts.(这也解释了为什么快乐的人更愿意远离毫无意义的争执。)”承接概念名称，进一步阐明该原则的核心内涵，即“快乐的人为什么选择退让”，与后文对其“明智而非怯懦”的评价形成自然衔接。 【17题详解】 前文“People living stable, fulfilling lives have precious things to cherish: warm families, healthy bodies, steady careers and inner peace.(拥有稳定、充实生活的人，往往珍视一些宝贵的东西：温暖的家庭、健康的身体、稳定的职业以及内心的平静。)”说生活稳定充实的人有家庭、健康、事业、内心平静等珍贵之物要珍惜；后文“In contrast, those trapped in negative lives have little to lose, so they tend to argue fiercely over trivial things and risk everything to win a fight.(相反，那些陷入负面生活状态的人几乎没有可失去的，因此他们往往为琐碎小事激烈争执，并不惜一切代价赢得一场争吵。)”用“In contrast（相比之下）”转而说生活消极的人没什么可失去，所以容易为小事激烈争吵。G项“Getting involved in quarrels will make them lose more valuable happiness.(卷入争吵会让他们失去更多珍贵的幸福。)”正好解释了为什么生活幸福的人不愿纠缠于冲突 —— 因为争吵会让他们失去更宝贵的东西，与后文“没什么可失去的人”构成鲜明对比。 【18题详解】 空后“Imagine you encounter rude fight on the road. If you choose to fight back angrily, you may get caught in a fierce argument or even physical conflict. The momentary sense of victory will cost you your good mood, precious time and even personal safety. However, stepping back calmly helps you skip unnecessary trouble immediately.(想象一下，你在路上遇到一场粗鲁的争执。如果你选择愤怒地反击，可能会陷入激烈的争吵，甚至引发肢体冲突。短暂的胜利感将让你失去好心情、宝贵的时间，甚至个人安全。而冷静地后退，则能让你立即避免不必要的麻烦。)”整段描述了“路上遇到粗鲁的人，愤怒反击vs冷静退让”的具体场景，是一个完整的日常事例。A 项“Here is a typical daily example to illustrate this principle clearly.(以下是一个典型的日常例子，用来清晰地说明这一原则。 )”起到了引出下文例子的过渡作用，逻辑衔接紧密。 【19题详解】 前文“This principle never means blind tolerance for all unfair treatment.(这一原则并不意味着盲目容忍所有不公。)”明确指出这个原则绝不意味着盲目容忍所有不公，后文“When your basic rights, personal safety or moral bottom line are seriously violated, you have every reason to defend yourself firmly.(当你的基本权利、人身安全或道德底线受到严重侵犯时，你完全有理由坚定地捍卫自己。)”说“当基本权利、人身安全或道德底线被严重侵犯时，你完全有理由坚定自卫”。D 项“We should never give up our principles to avoid temporary conflicts.(我们绝不能为了回避暂时的冲突而放弃自己的原则。)”承上启下，既呼应了“不盲目容忍”，又强调了坚守原则的重要性，与后文“捍卫底线”的论述高度一致。 【20题详解】 前文“It saves you from endless emotional consumption and keeps your inner world peaceful.(它能避免你陷入无休止的情绪消耗，保持内心世界的平静。)”列举了退让原则的两大好处：免于无尽的情绪消耗、保持内心平静；后文“True happiness lies in guarding your own happy life instead of winning every meaningless dispute.(真正的幸福在于守护属于自己的快乐生活，而非赢得每一次毫无意义的争执。)”升华到“真正的快乐在于守护自己的幸福生活，而不是赢得每一场无意义的争论”。B 项“It finally allows you to focus energy on what truly matters to you.(它最终能让你将精力集中在真正对你重要的事情上。)”继续补充第三个好处，且“专注于真正重要的事”与后文“守护幸福生活”形成递进，逻辑连贯。 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Growing up on the Tongan island of Vava’u, Silva McLeod didn’t know being a pilot was a possible career. Flying was a ___21___ for little Silva. She knew her future was quite ___22___ — she would marry and have babies like the other women there. But every time an aircraft flew over, she ___23___ raced outside to see, fascinated by the people operating these machines.   McLeod’s first flight ___24___ was in 1981 when she flew with her husband Ken from Vava’u to his hometown Melbourne. It was disastrous. They were flying in terrible weather and the pilots made ___25___ in English, which most Tongan passengers couldn’t understand.   After that, McLeod ___26___ her fantasy of learning about aviation, and Ken was supportive. But ___27___ got in the way. Her move to Australia ___28___ much more than relocating — she had to learn so much to adjust. Soon, there were children ___29___ the mix.   It was not until her 32nd birthday when Ken ____30____ her with an introductory training flight acceptance letter that her life took a turn. Chipping away year by year, course by course, McLeod ____31____ worked her way toward becoming a pilot. In 1992, she finally ____32____ her mission and became the first Tongan woman pilot. In 2023, her memoir Island Girl to Airline Pilot was published detailing her ____33____ journey.  “Never just look to the top of the mountain,” she says ____34____ advice. “Because that’s when you quit. It’s too high, too hard. But if you just ____35____ that step in front, chip away bit by bit, before you know it, you have advanced right up halfway to the mountain.” 21. A. goal B. fantasy C. concern D. request 22. A. unchangeable B. promising C. significant D. unbearable 23. A. even B. always C. never D. also 24. A. training B. arrangement C. experience D. performance 25. A. conversations B. comments C. announcements D. negotiations 26. A. understood B. discounted C. recognized D. admitted 27. A. tragedy B. life C. finance D. discrimination 28. A. required B. improved C. reflected D. weighed 29. A. escaping from B. cleaning up C. added to D. addicted to 30. A. disturbed B. transformed C. consulted D. presented 31. A. slowly B. secretly C. temporarily D. casually 32. A. exchanged B. accomplished C. discovered D. accepted 33. A. heartbreaking B. round-trip C. peaceful D. incredible 34. A. in addition to B. by comparison with C. in search of D. by way of 35. A. pick out B. focus on C. speed up D. skip away 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tongan(汤加)女子Silva McLeod如何克服重重困难，从对飞行充满幻想的女孩成长为汤加首位女飞行员的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：飞行对于小Silva来说是一种幻想。A. goal目标；B. fantasy幻想；C. concern关心；D. request要求。根据后文“She knew her future was quite ___2___”及“her fantasy of learning about aviation”可知，Silva认为自己未来的生活是不可改变的，而飞行对她来说只是一种幻想。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她知道自己的未来是不可改变的——她会像那里的其他女人一样结婚生子。A. unchangeable不可改变的；B. promising有希望的；C. significant重要的；D. unbearable难以忍受的。根据后文“she would marry and have babies like the other women there”可知，Silva认为自己的未来会和岛上的其他女性一样，结婚生子，这是不可改变的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但每当有飞机飞过，她总是跑到外面去看，对那些操作这些机器的人着迷。A. even甚至；B. always总是；C. never从不；D. also也。根据后文“But”及“fascinated by the people operating these machines”可知，Silva对于飞机和飞行员非常着迷，所以每当有飞机飞过，她总是跑到外面去看。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：McLeod的第一次飞行经历是在1981年，当时她和丈夫Ken从Vava’u飞到他的家乡墨尔本。A. training训练；B. arrangement安排；C. experience经历；D. performance表现。根据后文“when she flew with her husband Ken from Vava’u to his hometown Melbourne”可知，此处指的是McLeod的第一次飞行经历。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时天气很糟糕，飞行员用英语做飞行广播，大多数汤加乘客听不懂。A. conversations对话；B. comments评论；C. announcements通知；D. negotiations谈判。根据后文“in English, which most Tongan passengers couldn’t understand”可知，此处指的是飞行员用英语做的飞行广播或通知。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，McLeod承认了自己学习航空的幻想，Ken很支持她。A. understood理解；B. discounted忽视；C. recognized识别；D. admitted承认。根据后文“her fantasy of learning about aviation”可知，在经历了糟糕的飞行体验后，McLeod承认了自己对于飞行的幻想。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但生活阻碍了她。A. tragedy悲剧；B. life生活；C. finance财政；D. discrimination歧视。根据后文“Her move to Australia ___8___ much more than relocating — she had to learn so much to adjust.”可知，McLeod想要学习飞行，但是现实生活阻碍了她。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她搬到澳大利亚不仅仅是搬家——她必须学习很多东西来适应。A. required要求；B. improved提高；C. reflected反映；D. weighed称重。根据后文“she had to learn so much to adjust”可知，McLeod搬到澳大利亚，有很多东西需要学习来适应，即对她有很多要求。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，孩子们也加入进来了。A. escaping from逃离；B. cleaning up打扫；C. added to增加；D. addicted to沉迷于。根据上文“After that, McLeod ___6___ her fantasy of learning about aviation, and Ken was supportive. But ___7___ got in the way. Her move to Australia ___8___ much more than relocating — she had to learn so much to adjust.”可知，McLeod原本想要学习飞行，但是现实生活阻碍了她，她不得不学习很多东西来适应澳大利亚的生活，而很快孩子们也加入到了这个家庭中，给她的生活又增加了负担。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到她32岁生日那天，Ken送给她一封介绍性飞行训练录取通知书，她的生活才发生了转折。A. disturbed打扰；B. transformed转变；C. consulted咨询；D. presented赠送，提出。根据后文“an introductory training flight acceptance letter”及“her life took a turn”可知，在Silva32岁生日那天，Ken送给她一封介绍性飞行训练录取通知书，这使她的生活发生了转折。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：年复一年，一课又一课，McLeod慢慢地朝着成为飞行员的道路前进。A. slowly慢慢地；B. secretly秘密地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“It was not until her 32nd birthday when Ken ___10___ her with an introductory training flight acceptance letter that her life took a turn.”可知，Silva32岁时才开始学习飞行，所以要成为飞行员，只能慢慢地朝着目标前进。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1992年，她终于完成了使命，成为汤加第一位女飞行员。A. exchanged交换；B. accomplished完成；C. discovered发现；D. accepted接受。根据后文“and became the first Tongan woman pilot”可知，此处指的是McLeod完成了成为飞行员的使命。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2023年，她的回忆录《从岛上女孩到航空公司飞行员》出版，详细描述了她的不可思议的旅程。A. heartbreaking令人心碎的；B. round-trip往返的；C. peaceful和平的；D. incredible不可思议的。根据上文“In 1992, she finally ___12___ her mission and became the first Tongan woman pilot.”可知，McLeod成为了汤加第一位女飞行员，这是一段不可思议的旅程。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：“不要只盯着山顶看，”她说，以此作为忠告。A. in addition to除……之外；B. by comparison with与……相比；C. in search of寻找；D. by way of通过……方式，以……作为。根据后文“advice”可知，此处指的是McLeod把“不要只盯着山顶看”这句话作为忠告。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果你只关注眼前的那一步，一点一点地去掉阻碍，在不知不觉中，你就已经走到了半山腰。A. pick out挑出；B. focus on关注；C. speed up加速；D. skip away逃走。根据后文“that step in front, chip away bit by bit”可知，此处指的是要关注眼前的那一步，一点一点地去掉阻碍。故选B项。 第二节 语法填空(每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han people, is making a comeback in China. In cities like Hangzhou and Xi’an, long robes (长袍) and skirts ____36____ (wear) by young people can be seen as people walk through the streets, taking photos and enjoying festivals. Some even wear it to class ____37____ special occasions. Why has hanfu become so popular? One reason is ____38____ growing interest in traditional culture. On social media, videos ____39____ (show) beautiful hanfu styles can get millions of views, and many young designers ____40____ (combine) hanfu with modern fashion in the past few years. Hanfu clubs, where members learn ____41____ to make and wear the clothing properly, have appeared in ____42____ (hundred) of universities. For many wearers, hanfu is more than a dress. “When I put it on, I feel ____43____ (connect) to my history,” says a college student from Nanjing. “____44____ strikes me that the deep-rooted value lies within our ancient culture.” Of course, not everyone wants to wear it every day. But whether as a hobby ____45____ as a way of life, hanfu has found its place in modern China. 【答案】36. worn 37. on 38. a 39. showing 40. have combined 41. how 42. hundreds 43. connected 44. It 45. or 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述汉服重回大众视野，分析其流行原因与文化意义。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在杭州、西安等城市，人们走在街上、拍照、庆祝节日时，可以看到年轻人穿着长袍和裙子。空处作后置定语修饰long robes and skirts，且wear与long robes and skirts之间是被动关系，应用过去分词worn作后置定语，表示“被穿着的”。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：有些人甚至在特殊场合穿着它去上课。此处表示“在特殊场合”，应用固定搭配on special occasions，空处用介词on。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一个原因是对传统文化日益增长的兴趣。此处泛指“一种不断增长的兴趣”，interest为可数名词单数，且growing以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：展示精美汉服样式的视频能获得数百万浏览量，并且在过去几年里，许多年轻设计师将汉服与现代时尚相结合。空处作后置定语修饰videos，且show与videos之间是主动关系，应用现在分词showing作定语。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：展示精美汉服样式的视频能获得数百万浏览量，并且在过去几年里，许多年轻设计师将汉服与现代时尚相结合。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past few years可知，应用现在完成时；主语many young designers为复数，助动词用have。 【41题详解】 考查疑问词。句意：汉服俱乐部出现在数百所大学里，成员们在那里学习如何正确制作和穿着这种服装。此处为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构，表示“如何做某事”，应用how to do。 【42题详解】 考查数词。句意：汉服俱乐部出现在数百所大学里，成员们在那里学习如何正确制作和穿着这种服装。此处表示“成百上千、数百”，应用固定搭配hundreds of。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“当我穿上它，我感觉与我们的历史相连。”一名南京大学生说道。空处作系动词feel的表语，用形容词connected“有关的、有联系的”作表语，be/feel connected to表示“与……相联系”。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：令我触动的是，深厚的价值观蕴藏在我们古老的文化之中。固定句型It strikes sb. that...，意为“某人突然想到；令某人触动的是……”，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：但无论是作为一种爱好还是一种生活方式，汉服都在现代中国找到了自己的位置。此处是固定搭配 whether... or...，表示“无论是……还是……”，空处用连词or。 基础知识（共三节，满分 45 分） 第一节 单词拼写（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 46. My teacher p________ (劝说) me to take part in the city science and innovation competition last term. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】persuaded##ersuaded 【解析】 【详解】句意：上学期我的老师劝说我参加市科技创新比赛。根据首字母p和中文提示“劝说”可知，应填入动词persuade，根据时间状语last term可知，该句描述的是过去的事情，使用一般过去时，此处用过去式persuaded。 47. The t________ (理论) supposes the existence of life on other planets. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】theory##heory 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个理论假设其他星球上存在生命。根据中文提示“理论”及首字母t可知，空处应填入名词theory作主语，由谓语动词supposes（第三人称单数形式）可知，主语需用单数形式。 48. James, a c________ (坚定的) conservationist, has devoted his life to fighting for a safer and cleaner planet. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】committed##ommitted 【解析】 【详解】句意：詹姆斯是一位坚定的环保主义者，他一生致力于为一个更安全、更清洁的星球而奋斗。根据汉语提示“坚定的”和首字母c可知，空处用形容词committed作定语，修饰名词conservationist。 49. I couldn’t see Don, but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road, a________ (显然地) unhurt, and dashed back to me. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】apparently##pparently 【解析】 【详解】句意：我看不见Don，但当我走近拖拉机时，他跳到路上，显然没有受伤，然后朝我冲了过来。根据汉语提示“显然地”和首字母a可知，空处用副词apparently，在句中作状语，修饰形容词unhurt。 50. Income, education and o________ (职业) all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habit. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】occupation##ccupation 【解析】 【详解】句意：收入、教育和职业都在决定一个人的吸烟习惯方面起着一定的作用。根据中英文提示可知为名词occupation，作主语，表示一般概念，使用单数形式即可。 51. ________ (科学的) advances in artificial intelligence have raised both hopes and concerns among experts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Scientific 【解析】 【详解】句意：人工智能领域的科学进步既引发了专家们的期待，也带来了相关担忧。根据汉语提示“科学的”可知，空处用形容词scientific，修饰名词advances作定语，句首单词首字母需大写。 52. The strategy was designed to wear down the enemy’s r________(抵制). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】resistance##esistance 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个策略旨在削弱敌人的抵制。根据汉语提示“抵制”及首字母“r”可知，应用名词resistance。空处位于名词所有格the enemy’s之后，应用名词形式作宾语。 53. Experts from different fields have made p________ (预测) about how smart homes will reshape people’s lifestyles. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】predictions##redictions 【解析】 【详解】句意：来自不同领域的专家们已经对智能家居将如何重塑人们的生活方式做出了预测。根据中英文提示可知，此处应填名词prediction作宾语。make predictions为固定搭配，意为“做出预测”，故此处使用复数形式。 54. Some commonly-used household chemicals are p________ (潜在地) harmful to young kids. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】potentially##otentially 【解析】 【详解】句意：一些常用的家用化学品对幼儿有潜在危害。根据汉语提示“潜在地”和首字母p可知，空处用副词potentially，在句中作状语，修饰其后的形容词harmful。 55. I think we should a________(提倡) that everyone adopt a low-carbon lifestyle to protect our environment. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】advocate##dvocate 【解析】 【详解】句意：我认为我们应该提倡每个人都采取低碳生活方式来保护我们的环境。根据首字母及汉语提示“提倡”可知，空处应填动词advocate；should为情态动词，其后需接动词原形。 56. From his sad expression, we i________ (推断) that he had failed the important exam. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】inferred##nferred 【解析】 【详解】句意：从他悲伤的表情中，我们推断出他没有通过这场重要的考试。根据汉语提示“推断”和首字母i可知，空处用动词infer，根据宾语从句中的谓语动词“had failed”可知，主句的“推断”动作发生在过去，使用一般过去时，空处谓语动词infer用过去式形式inferred。 57. In the a________ (缺乏) of clear evidence, the scientist’s hypothesis remains unproved to this day. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】absence##bsence 【解析】 【详解】句意：在缺乏明确证据的情况下，这位科学家的假设至今仍未得到证实。根据中文提示“缺乏”和首字母a，以及空前的定冠词the可知，此处应填入名词absence，构成固定短语in the absence of...，意为“在缺乏……的情况下”。 58. Having lived abroad for years, she has a strong p________ (偏爱) for reading original English novels. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】preference##reference 【解析】 【详解】句意：在国外生活了多年，她对阅读英文原版小说有强烈的偏爱。根据首字母提示“p”、汉语提示“偏爱”以及“has a”可知，此空填名词preference，作宾语。have a preference for是固定搭配，意为“偏爱”。 59. The research institute, f________ (建立) in 1950, has become famous for its medical experiments. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】founded##ounded 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个建于 1950 年的研究所因其医学实验而闻名。根据中英文提示可知用动词found，与institute构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 60. They came to a c________ (结论) that it was a thief who had stolen their diamond necklace. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】conclusion##onclusion 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们得出结论，是一个小偷偷走了他们的钻石项链。根据汉语提示“结论”和首字母c可知，空处用名词conclusion，作介词to的宾语，构成固定搭配come to a conclusion，意为“得出结论”。 第二节 单句语法填空（共 10 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 61. We need to check the ________ (accurate) of the data after we evaluate them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】accuracy 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们需要在评估数据后检查数据的准确性。定冠词the后需接名词作动词check的宾语，accurate是形容词，名词形式为accuracy，意为“准确性”。 62. Don’t call me at 9 p.m. tomorrow; I ________ (attend) an online academic seminar then.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】will be attending 【解析】 【详解】句意：明天晚上 9 点别给我打电话；那时我正在参加一场线上学术研讨会。分析句子可知，此处为将来进行时will be doing，该时态用于表示将来某一特定时间点正在进行的动作。句中时间标志 at 9 p.m. tomorrow（明天晚上 9 点）和 then（届时，指代该时间点），明确指向将来的具体时刻，强调“打电话”的瞬间，“参加研讨会”的动作正在发生。 63. With a good command ________ three languages, the young guide impressed all the foreign visitors. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】of 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位年轻导游精通三门语言，给所有外国游客留下了深刻印象。固定搭配a good command of表示精通、熟练掌握。 64. They talked about the teachers and schools ________ they had visited. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】句意：他们谈论了他们拜访过的老师和参观过的学校。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the teachers and schools；先行词既有人又有物，关系代词在定语从句中作visited的宾语，关系代词只能用that。 65. ________ (instant) smoke is detected, smart household equipment will cut off power automatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Instantly 【解析】 【详解】句意：一检测到烟雾，智能家居设备就会自动切断电源。空处表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，应用连词instantly，且位于句首，首字母大写。 66. An expert in Chinese character culture has been invited to the campus, _____________ major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】句意：一位汉字文化专家被邀请到校园，其主要责任是教学生如何使用古代印刷技术。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作定语，与major responsibility为所属关系，应用whose引导。 67. The organization ________ which she belongs helps poor students. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】句意：她所属的那个组织帮助贫困学生。此处是“介词 + which”引导的定语从句，先行词为the organization，定语从句中包含固定短语belong to，表示“属于”，此处将介词to提前至关系代词which前。 68. She brought her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】whom 【解析】 【详解】句意：她带了三个朋友，我一个都没见过。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是friends，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom。 69. It will take several months ________ we know whether the experiment succeeds. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【解析】 【详解】句意：要过好几个月我们才能知道实验是否成功。固定句型“It will take+一段时间+before…”表示“要过多久才……”。 70. Many researchers oppose ________ (apply) this technology blindly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】applying 【解析】 【详解】句意：许多研究人员反对盲目应用这项技术。动词oppose后接动名词作宾语，oppose doing sth.表示反对做某事。 第三节 选词填空（共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 选词填空 with the objective of; switch off; as a consequence; draw out; in this sense come to power; catch fire; keep in touch with; be available to; early on 71. Using a lower temperature to ________ the extract, she found a substance that worked. 72. They set up a team ________ finding new treatments for the disease. 73. She showed talent ________ in her career, which explains why she is so successful now. 74. I met her when I was studying in Wuhan, and I have ________ her ever since. 75. ________, the system is of fundamental importance. 76. My sister walked into my room angrily, picked up the remote control and ________ the television. 77. He failed in many experiments. ________, he decided to adjust his research plan. 78. After the new government ________, several research projects were launched. 79. The new database of the school library will ________ all students free of charge from next month. 80. The wooden lab ________ because of the broken equipment. 【答案】71. draw out 72. with the objective of 73. early on 74. kept in touch with 75. In this sense 76. switched off 77. As a consequence 78. came to power 79. be available to 80. caught fire 【解析】 【71题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：使用较低温度提取提取物，她发现了一种有效的物质。结合后文“the extract”可知，此处表示“提取、提炼”，选用draw out，结合前文“Using a lower temperature to”可知，to后接动词原形构成不定式。 【72题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：他们组建团队，目的是寻找该疾病的新疗法。结合后文“finding new treatments for the disease”可知，此处表示“目的是”，选用with the objective of，介词短语作后置定语。 【73题详解】 考查副词短语。句意：她在职业生涯早期就展现出天赋，这也是她如今如此成功的原因。结合后文“which explains why she is so successful now”可知，此处表示“在早期”，选用early on，副词短语在句中作时间状语。 【74题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我在武汉读书时认识了她，从那以后我一直和她保持联系。结合语境“her”可知，此处表示“与……保持联系”，选用keep in touch with，结合时间状语“ever since”可知，本句为现在完成时，have后接动词过去分词。 【75题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：从这个意义上来说，这套系统有着根本性的重要作用。结合后文“the system is of fundamental importance”可知，此处表示“从这个意义上来说”，选用in this sense，介词短语作评注性状语，句首首字母大写。 【76题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我姐姐生气地走进我的房间，拿起遥控器关掉了电视。结合后文“the television”可知，此处表示“关闭”，选用switch off，and连接并列谓语，时态和前面保持一致，使用一般过去时。 【77题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：他多次实验失败。因此，他决定调整研究方案。结合后文“he decided to adjust his research plan”可知，此处表示“因此”，选用as a consequence，介词短语放在句首承接上文原因引出结果，句首首字母大写。 【78题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：新政府上台后，多项研究项目得以启动。结合后文“several research projects were launched”可知，此处表示“上台执政”，选用come to power，结合主句“were launched”可知，主从句时态保持一致，使用一般过去时。 【79题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：学校图书馆新数据库从下个月起将免费向全体学生开放。结合后文“all students”可知，此处表示“可供……使用”，选用be available to，will之后接动词原形。 【80题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这间木质实验室因设备破损而起火。结合后文“because of the broken equipment”可知，此处表示“着火”，选用catch fire，结合语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事件，使用一般过去时。 写作（满分25分） 81. 百度百科打算创建英文版的百度人物词条，请你结合以下信息，为张桂梅编写词条。 姓名：张桂梅 爱好：读书、养花 职业：教师 生活态度：生活简朴，淡泊名利，坚韧无私 出生：1957年，黑龙江牡丹江 主要事迹： (1)创办全国第一所免费女子高中，帮助数千山区女孩走出大山、圆大学梦； (2)深耕山区女子教育，被学生亲切称为“张妈妈”。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 适当表达个人看法。 参考词汇： mountainous areas 山区；free girls’ high school 免费女子高中 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Zhang Guimei, an outstanding educator, is highly honored for her devotion to rural education. Born in Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang in 1957, she enjoys reading and growing flowers in her spare time. Leading a simple life and seeking no fame or fortune, she remains strong-willed and selfless. Through persistent efforts, she set up China’s first free girls’ high school, where thousands of girls from mountainous areas have realized their university dreams. For her dedication, she is warmly called “Mother Zhang” by her students. I deeply admire her. She devotes her life to helping poor girls change fate and sets a shining example for us teenagers. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生根据所给信息，为百度百科英文版编写张桂梅人物词条，内容包括其姓名、爱好、职业、生活态度、出生信息及主要事迹。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 杰出的：outstanding → distinguished 闲暇时间：spare time → leisure hours 追求：seek → pursue 深深地：deeply → profoundly 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Zhang Guimei, an outstanding educator, is highly honored for her devotion to rural education. 拓展句：Zhang Guimei, who is an outstanding educator, is highly honored for her devotion to rural education. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Leading a simple life and seeking no fame or fortune, she remains strong-willed and selfless. (运用了现在分词短语作状语) 【高分句型2】Through persistent efforts, she set up China’s first free girls’ high school, where thousands of girls from mountainous areas have realized their university dreams. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $