精品解析：黑龙江省哈尔滨市等2地2026-2027学年高一上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

高一英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To ask her to cook dinner. B. To get a phone number. C. To buy a table from her. 2. Where is the man probably going today? A. A hospital. B. His company. C. The woman’s office. 3. What does Lisa’s cousin promise to do? A. Meet Mark at a cafe. B. Go to a bookstore with Lisa. C. Give her used dictionary to Lisa. 4. How long does it usually take the man to finish reading a book? A. A week. B. Two weeks. C. A month. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A question. B. An exam. C. A mistake. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the Browns come just now? A. To attend a party. B. To make an invitation. C. To share gardening tips. 7. What is the relationship between Mrs Johnson and Karen? A. Neighbors. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny. 9. Where will the speakers take the kids? A. The Rock Wall. B. Cliffhanger Climbing. C. The Edge Climbing Center. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. When did Christopher get back? A. At about 3:30 pm. B. At about 4:00 pm. C. At about 4:30 pm. 11. How did Christopher help the car owner? A. By repairing his phone. B. By lending a bike to him. C. By getting the car key for him. 12. What will Christopher do next? A. Sit for a while. B. Take a shower. C. Make a phone call. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. Where was Henry when the accident happened? A. In his bedroom. B. In the kitchen. C. In his father’s study. 14. When did Henry start to notice Mike’s situation? A. When Mike cried for help. B. When Mike was turning red. C. When Mike had difficulty breathing. 15. What played a key role in saving Mike? A. Henry’s first aid skills. B. Jason’s brave action. C. Mrs Brown’s story. 16. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. At school. C. At a store. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the dog’s name in the movie? A. Michelle. B. Bella. C. Melissa. 18. Why does the dog run away? A. To take a trip. B. To catch a cat. C. To return to Lucas. 19. How many family members watched the movie with the speaker? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude towards the movie? A. Uncaring. B. Negative. C. Positive. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Great English Course in Boston: Preply Where: online — meaning you can study from anywhere Price: start at $10 per lesson Need to study business American English to get ahead at work? Want to perfect your English for your trip to London? Preply has you covered with language teachers who are good at designing special lessons to make sure you achieve your goals. With over 19,000 online English teachers who speak different languages like Spanish, Mandarin, and Russian, Preply can definitely help non-English speakers to learn English. Preply finds you English teachers in Boston that suit your schedule by asking a few quick questions about your goals and level. The next step? Simply book a 25- or 50-minute lesson for a try. If the teacher isn’t a good fit, try another one. Do you need some pointers to help you choose a language teacher that’s right for you? If so, check out our article on how to pick a good teacher to get some handy tips. (Click here to read the article.) Outside class, the free Vocab app by Preply ensures you keep progressing. If you see a word you don’t know while surfing the web, select it with your mouse, and then click on Vocab to see what it means. Click “Add to Vocab”, and the app saves the word in your Preply list for you to revise later. Along with the vocabulary app, Preply teachers provide extra learning materials to improve your vocabulary, reading, and listening skills. So, if you’re looking for a personalized learning experience, register for Preply. 1. What can be known about the course? A. Its schedule remains the same. B. Its real classrooms are fixed. C. Its learners need to pay for it. D. Its teachers only speak English. 2. What can English learners use Vocab to do? A. Practice their spoken English. B. Look up the words they don’t know. C. Search for some English stories. D. Get advice on choosing teachers. 3. From which is the text most probably taken? A. A website. B. A newspaper. C. A textbook. D. A notice board. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍线上英语学习平台Preply。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章开头的“Price: start at $10 per lesson (价格：每节课10美元起)”可知，学习者需要为该课程付费。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you see a word you don’t know while surfing the web, select it with your mouse, and then click on Vocab to see what it means. (如果你在浏览网页时遇到不认识的单词，用鼠标选中这个单词，然后点击 Vocab，就能查看它的含义。)”可知，英语学习者可以使用Vocab应用程序来查阅他们不认识的生词。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Click here to read the article. (点击此处阅读文章。)”以及第三段中“If you see a word you don’t know while surfing the web, select it with your mouse, and then click on Vocab to see what it means. (如果你在浏览网页时遇到不认识的单词，用鼠标选中这个单词，然后点击 Vocab，就能查看它的含义。)”可知，这些明显的网络交互操作用语可以推断出这篇文章最有可能选自一个网站。 B Todd Toriscelli graduated from Ohio University in 1984 after studying athletic training. He later built a long and successful career (事业) working for the National Football League. After retiring earlier this year, Todd has turned his attention to supporting the next generation of professionals in the field. “I take so much pride in Ohio,” Todd said. “It’s such a special place to me.” To express his thanks, he set up the Todd Toriscelli Endowment for Athletic Training, which will offer scholarships (奖学金) to students in the athletic training program. As a teenager, Todd first went to the University of Akron and played football there. However, his grades were poor, and he returned home. Since no one in his family had gone to college before, his parents were still proud of him for giving it a try. That seemed like the end of that path — until a friend gave him a textbook and asked him to read it. Todd quickly became interested and decided to try college again at Ohio University. At Ohio, Todd met Charles Vosler, then the head athletic trainer. Vosler told Todd that if he received a grade of a C or lower during his first term, he would be out of the program. Todd didn’t just meet that goal—he surpassed it with a 4.0 grade point average that term. He said Vosler’s warning was the best thing anyone ever said to him, because it challenged him to do better. From then on, Todd fully threw himself into athletic training. He worked hard in class and gained hands-on experience every afternoon. With the help from teachers and classmates, he learned how to study better and grow professionally. “Without Ohio, and without Charles Vosler having faith (信任) in me and giving me a chance, none of my career success ever would have happened,” Todd said. “That’s why I’m just so honored to come back to campus.” 4. Why did Todd start the Todd Toriscelli Endowment for Athletic Training? A. To give back to Ohio University. B. To honor his professional sports career. C. To remember a respected football player. D. To raise money for a new training program. 5. What made Todd decide to apply to Ohio University? A. A good job opportunity. B. A book from his friend. C. His parents’ suggestion. D. The college’s scholarship. 6. Which of the following best describes Charles Vosler as a trainer? A. Strict. B. Kind. C. Patient. D. Energetic. 7. How does Todd probably feel about Charles Vosler? A. Regretful. B. Thankful. C. Confused. D. Frightened. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Todd曾学业受挫，因朋友的书考入俄亥俄大学，在Vosler的严格要求下蜕变，毕业后事业成功，如今设立奖学金回馈母校。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To express his thanks, he set up the Todd Toriscelli Endowment for Athletic Training, which will offer scholarships (奖学金) to students in the athletic training program.(为了表达感激之情，他设立了托德·托里西利体育训练基金，该基金将为体育训练专业的学生提供奖学金)”可知，托德设立托德·托里西利体育训练基金是为了回馈俄亥俄大学。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“That seemed like the end of that path — until a friend gave him a textbook and asked him to read it. Todd quickly became interested and decided to try college again at Ohio University.(那似乎意味着那段道路的终结——但直到一位朋友给了他一本教科书，并让他去阅读，这一切才有了转机。托德很快就被这本书吸引住了，并决定再次前往俄亥俄大学求学)”可知，朋友给他的一本书促使托德决定申请俄亥俄大学。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Vosler told Todd that if he received a grade of a C or lower during his first term, he would be out of the program.(沃塞尔告诉托德，如果他在第一学期的成绩为C或以下，他就将被踢出这个项目)”可知，查尔斯·沃斯勒作为教练很严格。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Without Ohio, and without Charles Vosler having faith (信任) in me and giving me a chance, none of my career success ever would have happened,” Todd said. “That’s why I’m just so honored to come back to campus.”(托德说：“如果没有俄亥俄大学，如果没有查尔斯·沃斯勒对我的信任以及给我机会，我的职业生涯的任何成功都不会发生。这就是为什么我如此荣幸能回到校园。”)”可知，托德对查尔斯·沃斯勒很感激。故选B。 C When engineers design infrastructure like roads and bridges, they depend on hydrological (水文的) models to predict (预测) the likelihood of floods, such as those that occur once in 50 or 100 years. Engineers test these models using historical data to ensure they work correctly under observed conditions. However, new research from Cornell University shows that, due to climate change, floods are happening more often, which makes these traditional models less reliable (可靠的). “This raises some key questions: How much should we trust our models based on historical data when predicting future events? And which models are better suited for long-term water infrastructure planning?” said Sandeep Poudel， the first author of new Cornell research. To answer these questions, the researchers first developed a “virtual hydrolab” experiment. They used 1,000 years of simulated data, which included extreme events like floods and droughts, as well as daily weather data such as temperature, rainfall, and runoff. They then tested six different flood prediction models to see which could best predict outcomes in both present and future climate conditions. The models fell into three groups: traditional models based on physical equations about hydrological processes; AI models that take in all of that data and make predictions based on learned input and output relationships; and a hybrid model combining the traditional and AI models. They found that while there were large uncertainties among all the models tested, the AI model performed best. Despite the success of the AI model in this study, Poudel warned against throwing out traditional models. “Instead of thinking we can predict exactly how floods will change in each area, we should understand the limits of our models and look for patterns that appear in larger regions,” Poudel said. “This wider view will provide planners with a more reliable guide for designing infrastructure and protecting communities in a warming climate.” 8. Why are traditional flood models less reliable now? A. They are limited to coastal city planners. B. They are designed mainly for city bridges. C. They are never shared among researchers. D. They are based on past climate conditions. 9. What is the purpose of the “virtual hydrolab” experiment? A. To compare various AI models. B. To collect data about temperatures. C. To test flood prediction models. D. To check the water levels of a river. 10. What does Poudel suggest in the last paragraph? A. Working with local guides. B. Taking a broader view. C. Sounding an early warning. D. Asking planners for help. 11. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Rethinking Risk Management. B. Uncovering the Downside of AI. C. Engineers Lead Flood Control. D. AI Improves Flood Predictions. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍气候变化使传统洪水预测模型可靠性下降，康奈尔大学研究通过实验对比不同模型，发现AI模型表现最佳并给出相关建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Engineers test these models using historical data to ensure they work correctly under observed conditions. However, new research from Cornell University shows that, due to climate change, floods are happening more often, which makes these traditional models less reliable.(工程师们使用历史数据测试这些模型，以确保它们在观测条件下正常工作。然而，康奈尔大学的新研究表明，由于气候变化，洪水发生得越来越频繁，这使得这些传统模型的可靠性降低)”可知，传统洪水模型基于历史数据（过去的气候条件），而气候变化导致洪水频发，因此这些模型现在变得不那么可靠。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To answer these questions, the researchers first developed a “virtual hydrolab” experiment. They used 1,000 years of simulated data, which included extreme events like floods and droughts, as well as daily weather data such as temperature, rainfall, and runoff. They then tested six different flood prediction models to see which could best predict outcomes in both present and future climate conditions.(为了回答这些问题，研究人员首先开发了一个“虚拟水文实验室”实验。他们使用了1000年的模拟数据，包括洪水和干旱等极端事件，以及温度、降雨量和径流量等日常气象数据。然后，他们测试了六种不同的洪水预测模型，以看看哪种模型能最好地预测当前和未来气候条件下的结果)”可知，“虚拟水文实验室”实验的目的是测试不同的洪水预测模型。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Instead of thinking we can predict exactly how floods will change in each area, we should understand the limits of our models and look for patterns that appear in larger regions,” Poudel said. “This wider view will provide planners with a more reliable guide for designing infrastructure and protecting communities in a warming climate.(普德尔说：“与其认为我们能准确预测每个地区的洪水将如何变化，不如我们应该了解我们模型的局限性，并寻找在更大区域出现的模式。这种更广阔的视角将为规划者在气候变暖的情况下设计基础设施和保护社区提供更可靠的指导。”)”可知，普德尔在最后一段建议采取更广阔的视角。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇指出传统洪水预测模型因气候变化变得不可靠，随后介绍研究人员通过“虚拟水文实验室”实验测试六种洪水预测模型，发现AI模型表现最佳，最后给出相关建议。结合第四段中的“They found that while there were large uncertainties among all the models tested, the AI model performed best.(他们发现，虽然所有测试的模型都存在很大的不确定性，但AI模型的表现最佳)”可知，本文核心围绕AI模型改善洪水预测展开。因此，“AI Improves Flood Predictions(AI改善洪水预测)”是最适合本文的标题。故选D项。 D The number of young children who are obese (肥胖的) or extremely obese is going down, according to a new study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This is the first national study to suggest that obesity among preschoolers may have begun to decline. To understand the finding, it helps to know how obesity is defined. Health experts determine whether an adult is obese by the height/weight ratio called the body mass index (BMI). In adults, someone with a BMI of 30 or higher is considered obese. However, determining whether a child is obese is more complex (复杂的). If a child’s BMI falls at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex, the child is considered obese. A child whose BMI is at or above 120 percent of the 95th percentile is considered extremely obese. Or, as Heidi Blanck, one of the study’s authors, explains: “A three-year-old boy who is 37.7 inches tall and weighs 37 pounds would be considered obese. If that same boy weighs 44 pounds or more, he would be considered extremely obese. Obesity rates among preschoolers rose sharply in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In 1998, about 13% of children aged 2 — 4 were obese, and less than 2% were extremely obese. The problem became worse and reached its highest point in 2003. That year, 15.21% of children aged 2 — 4 were obese and 2.22% were extremely obese. But in 2010, the obesity rate dropped to 14.94% and the rate of extreme obesity to 2.07%. “We consider this change small but encouraging,” says Blanck. This new report doesn’t specifically indicate one exact cause for the slight decline in obesity rates, but Sanjay Gupta, lead author of the study, believes growing awareness about childhood obesity among parents, health professionals and communities has played a role. He points out that an increase in breastfeeding may also have worked. 12. What does the underlined word “decline” in the first paragraph mean? A. Fall. B. Beat. C. Wave. D. Cheat. 13. Why does the author mention BMI? A. To explain why children gain weight fast. B. To highlight a practical treatment program. C. To show how a child’s obesity is measured. D. To stress children’s body weight differences. 14. What was the percentage of obese preschoolers in 2010? A. 13.20%. B. 14.94%. C. 15.21%. D. 17.01%. 15. What does Gupta intend to say in the last paragraph? A. Why obesity has increased among children. B. Why parents’ attitude to health has changed. C. What helped reduce obesity in preschoolers. D. What played a key role in children’s growth. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国疾控中心研究显示学龄前儿童肥胖率下降，说明儿童肥胖判定标准、历年数据及肥胖率下降的可能原因。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“The number of young children who are obese (肥胖的) or extremely obese is going down, according to a new study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This is the first national study to suggest that obesity among preschoolers may have begun to decline. (根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的一项新研究，肥胖或极度肥胖的幼儿数量正在下降。这是第一项表明学龄前儿童肥胖可能已经开始decline的全国性研究)”可知，decline与前文going down意义一致，意为“下降”，与fall意义相近。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“To understand the finding, it helps to know how obesity is defined. Health experts determine whether an adult is obese by the height/weight ratio called the body mass index (BMI) (要理解这项研究结果，了解肥胖的定义会有所帮助。健康专家通过被称为身体质量指数的身高体重比来判定成年人是否肥胖)”可知，提及BMI是为了说明儿童肥胖的判定方法。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But in 2010, the obesity rate dropped to 14.94% (但在2010年，肥胖率下降到了14.94%)”可知，2010年学龄前儿童的肥胖率为14.94%。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“This new report doesn’t specifically indicate one exact cause for the slight decline in obesity rates, but Sanjay Gupta, lead author of the study, believes growing awareness about childhood obesity among parents, health professionals and communities has played a role. He points out that an increase in breastfeeding may also have worked. (这份新报告没有具体指出肥胖率略有下降的确切原因，但该研究的主要作者桑杰·古普塔认为，父母、卫生专业人员和社区对儿童肥胖的认识日益提高发挥了作用。他指出，增加母乳喂养也可能奏效)”可知，Gupta意在说明学龄前儿童肥胖率下降的推动因素。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I was sitting on my sofa, feeling very tired. My doctor had warned me for years that my inactive lifestyle was putting me at risk of various health problems. ___16___ — I was too busy. I was too tired. I didn’t have the motivation (动力). But one day, something clicked. I realized that I wasn’t just risking my health but missing out on life. I wanted to hike, swim, dance, and travel without feeling winded and tired. ___17___. It wasn’t easy at first. I was out of shape and easily discouraged. But I started small, with just a few minutes of gentle yoga or walking around the block. ___18___. Before I knew it, I ran, lifted weights, and took group fitness classes. I discovered a whole new world of physical activity that I had never explored before, and it was exciting. But more than that, exercise changed my life in ways I could never have imagined. As I started to get stronger and fitter, I also found that my mood (情绪) lifted. ___19___. I even started to feel more connected to my community as I joined running groups and fitness classes and met new friends who shared my love for healthy living. ___20___, not just because it’s good for my body, but because it’s good for my life. It reminds me that I am alive and that every day is a gift to be valued. And for that, I will be forever thankful for the power of exercise. A. It was a big blow B. Today, I still exercise every day C. But the real turning point came a few years later D. So, I decided to start moving my body every day E. However, I had always found excuses to avoid exercise F. I was more energized, more focused, and more confident G. As I started to feel a little better each day, I was eager to move more 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者文章讲述了作者从久坐不动到开始锻炼的转变过程。作者曾经总找借口逃避锻炼，后来决心改变，从简单运动开始坚持锻炼，并从这段经历中感悟到锻炼不仅改善其身体，还带来情绪、社交等积极改变，从而愈发珍视锻炼的意义。 【16题详解】 上文“My doctor had warned me for years that my inactive lifestyle was putting me at risk of various health problems. (多年来，我的医生一直警告我，缺乏运动的生活方式会让我面临多种健康问题)”提到医生对作者提出的健康警告，及下文“I was too busy. I was too tired. I didn’t have the motivation (动力). (我太忙了。我太累了。我没有动力)”列举出作者逃避锻炼的种种借口，E选项“然而，我总是找借口逃避锻炼”承上启下，衔接了医生的健康警告和作者的逃避行为，符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 上文“I realized that I wasn’t just risking my health but missing out on life. I wanted to hike, swim, dance, and travel without feeling winded and tired. (我意识到自己不仅在拿健康冒险，还错失了生活的乐趣。我想徒步、游泳、跳舞、旅行，而不会感到气喘吁吁、疲惫不堪)”讲述了作者的心理转变，意识到健康问题的同时渴望拥有更有活力的生活，及下文“It wasn’t easy at first. I was out of shape and easily discouraged. (一开始并不容易。我的身体状态很差，也很容易气馁)”描述了作者开始锻炼后初期的艰难状况，D选项“所以，我决定每天开始活动身体”承上启下，衔接了作者的心理转变和实际的锻炼行动，符合语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 上文“But I started small, with just a few minutes of gentle yoga or walking around the block. (但我从小处着手，只做几分钟温和的瑜伽，或者绕着街区散散步)”提到作者从简单、少量的运动开始尝试锻炼，及下文“Before I knew it, I ran, lifted weights, and took group fitness classes. (不知不觉中，我开始跑步、举重，还去上团体健身课)”说明作者后续的运动强度和形式有了大幅提升，G选项“随着我每天感觉好一点，我渴望更多地活动身体”承上启下，衔接了作者初期的小尝试和后续的运动进阶，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 上文“As I started to get stronger and fitter, I also found that my mood (情绪) lifted. (随着我的身体变得越来越强壮、健康，我还发现自己的情绪也变好了)”指出锻炼让作者的身体和情绪都产生了积极变化，及下文“I even started to feel more connected to my community as I joined running groups and fitness classes and met new friends who shared my love for healthy living. (我甚至开始感觉自己与社区的联系更紧密了，因为我加入了跑步小组和健身课程，结识了和我一样热爱健康生活的新朋友)”讲述了锻炼给作者带来的社交层面的改变，F选项“我变得更有活力、更专注、也更自信了”承接上文，具体说明锻炼在身心状态上给作者带来的具体积极变化，符合语境。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“I even started to feel more connected to my community as I joined running groups and fitness classes and met new friends who shared my love for healthy living. (我甚至开始感觉自己与社区的联系更紧密了，因为我加入了跑步小组和健身课程，结识了和我一样热爱健康生活的新朋友)”讲述了锻炼为作者带来的身心、社交等多方面的积极改变，及下文“not just because it’s good for my body, but because it’s good for my life. It reminds me that I am alive and that every day is a gift to be valued. (不仅因为它对我的身体有益，更因为它对我的生活有益。它提醒我，我还活着，每一天都是值得珍惜的礼物)”表达了作者对锻炼的深度认可和内心的感恩之情，B选项“如今，我仍然每天坚持锻炼”承上启下，衔接了作者的锻炼经历和当下对锻炼的坚持与深刻感悟，符合语境。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One Sunday morning, I was busy with my homework when I heard a soft knock on my door. It was my mom, ____21____ a small box wrapped (包装) in colorful paper. “Happy birthday!” she said with a ____22____. I had completely forgotten about my own birthday. I opened the ____23____ and found a beautiful diary inside. “Mom, why did you get me a diary?” I asked, confused. She sat down beside me and said, “I know you’re ____24____ and have a lot on your mind. Sometimes it’s ____25____ to talk about everything, but writing can be a great way to express yourself.” I thanked her and put the diary aside, thinking it was just another ____26____. But that evening, as I sat alone in my room, I ____27____ to give it a try. I started ____28____ about my day, my feelings, and my dreams. It felt strange at first, but soon I found comfort in writing my thoughts onto the ____29____. A few days later, I shared some of my ____30____ with my mom. She listened ____31____ and shared her thoughts. It was our first deep and ____32____ conversation. The diary turned out to be a useful tool for us to ____33____. It showed me that my mom was always there, ready to listen to and ____34____ me. And it taught me the importance of ____35____ my feelings, not just with a diary, but with the people who care about me. 21. A. selling B. picking C. opening D. holding 22. A. pity B. cry C. smile D. letter 23. A. box B. door C. window D. book 24. A. working out B. growing up C. giving up D. slowing down 25. A. impolite B. hard C. boring D. crazy 26. A. excuse B. problem C. joke D. gift 27. A. remembered B. agreed C. decided D. promised 28. A. writing B. worrying C. complaining D. arguing 29. A. grounds B. pages C. walls D. boards 30. A. fear B. grades C. stories D. money 31. A. thankfully B. angrily C. hardly D. patiently 32. A. short B. meaningful C. unsuccessful D. sad 33. A. explore B. study C. connect D. relax 34. A. support B. follow C. ask D. hurt 35. A. sharing B. changing C. comparing D. forgetting 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了妈妈在作者生日时赠送一本日记本作为礼物，作者从最初不以为意到尝试写日记记录心事，又通过与妈妈分享日记内容，让日记成为彼此沟通联结的桥梁，最终领悟到分享内心情感的重要意义。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：那是我的妈妈，手里拿着一个用彩纸包装的小盒子。A. selling售卖；B. picking捡起；C. opening打开；D. holding拿着。根据空后的“a small box wrapped (包装) in colorful paper”以及妈妈的祝福“Happy birthday!”可知，妈妈敲门进来时手里拿着生日礼物的盒子。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：“生日快乐！”她面带微笑地说。A. pity遗憾；B. cry哭泣；C. smile微笑；D. letter信件。根据空前的“Happy birthday!”可推知，妈妈送上生日祝福时带着微笑。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：我打开盒子，发现里面有一本漂亮的日记本。A. box盒子；B. door门；C. window窗户；D. book书本。根据上文“a small box wrapped in colorful paper”可知，妈妈送的礼物装在盒子里，box是原词复现。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我知道你在成长，心里装着很多事。A. working out算出；B. growing up成长；C. giving up放弃；D. slowing down减速。根据空后的“and have a lot on your mind”可知，妈妈是说孩子在成长过程中心事会逐渐变多，growing up符合对青少年成长阶段的描述。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有时候把所有事情都说出来很难，但写作是表达自我的好方式。A. impolite不礼貌的；B. hard困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据空后的“but writing can be a great way to express yourself”的转折关系可知，前半句是说口头倾诉所有心事有难度，hard符合本句语境。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：我谢过妈妈，把日记本放到一边，只觉得这不过是又一件礼物。A. excuse借口；B. problem问题；C. joke玩笑；D. gift礼物。根据上文第一段“It was my mom, ______ a small box wrapped (包装) in colorful paper.”以及妈妈的祝福语“Happy birthday!”可知，日记本是妈妈在我生日当天送来的礼物。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：但那天晚上，当我独自坐在房间里时，我决定试一试写日记。A. remembered记得；B. agreed同意；C. decided决定；D. promised承诺。根据上文“I thanked her and put the diary aside”可知，一开始作者没打算写日记，到了晚上改变想法决定尝试。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：我开始写下我的一天、我的感受和我的梦想。A. writing写；B. worrying担心；C. complaining抱怨；D. arguing争论。根据上文“give it a try”和空后的“about my day, my feelings, and my dreams”可知，此处指作者尝试写日记。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：一开始感觉很奇怪，但很快我就在把想法写在纸页上的过程中找到了慰藉。A. grounds地面；B. pages纸页；C. walls墙壁；D. boards木板。根据上文“I thanked her and put the diary aside”和空前的“writing my thoughts onto the”可知，我在日记本上写自己的想法，日记的书写载体是纸张页面，pages符合本句语境。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：几天后，我和妈妈分享了一些我的故事。A. fear恐惧；B. grades成绩；C. stories故事；D. money金钱。根据上文“I started ______ about my day, my feelings, and my dreams.”可知，我在日记中记录了日常经历、内心情感与个人梦想这些内容，因此和妈妈分享的是日记里写下的这些故事，stories符合本句语境。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：她耐心地倾听，并且分享她的想法。A. thankfully感激地；B. angrily生气地；C. hardly几乎不；D. patiently耐心地。根据空后“and shared her thoughts”可知，妈妈在倾听之后还接续分享了自己的想法，可推断她是耐心地听。 【32题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是我们第一次深入且有意义的对话。A. short短暂的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. unsuccessful不成功的；D. sad伤心的。根据空前的“deep and”可知，所填词要体现正面意义，体现对话的深度性和价值性，meaningful符合本句语境。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：这本日记成了我们联结的有用工具。A. explore探索；B. study学习；C. connect联结；D. relax放松。根据上文“A few days later, I shared some of my ______ with my mom. She listened _______ and shared her thoughts.”可推知，日记起到了拉近彼此距离、建立情感联结的作用。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：它让我明白妈妈一直都在，随时准备倾听我、支持我。A. support支持；B. follow跟随；C. ask询问；D. hurt伤害。根据上一段“She listened _______ and shared her thoughts.”和空前的“ready to listen to and”可知，妈妈乐意倾听作者的想法并给予支持，support符合本句语境。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：它也教会了我分享自己感受的重要性——不仅通过日记，也和关心我的人分享。A. sharing分享；B. changing改变；C. comparing比较；D. forgetting忘记。根据空后的“not just with a diary, but with the people who care about me”可知，此处说明既要借助日记，也要向关心我的人分享内心感受，这和上文“I shared some of my ______ with my mom.”相呼应。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I first visited China 37 years ago, in 1987. At that time, I didn’t know much about the country because it wasn’t part of ____36____ I learned at school. I left Scotland to go on a trip into places I had never been to before. I travelled by train through Europe and northern Asia, and finally got ____37____ China. On that first trip, I felt real friendship. A fellow traveller who was going back to Beijing ____38____ (shake) my hand warmly and said, “Welcome to China.” When I arrived at Beijing Railway Station, there was a sign above the platform that said, “Welcome to Beijing.” China left a very good ____39____ (impress) on me. When I went back home, people asked me about my trip. “What were some ____40____ (excite) moments?” I answered right away, “Meeting Chinese people!” For me, it was a chance ____41____ (meet) and talk with different people and see that we are more alike than different. We all had hopes and dreams, and some of the people I met knew more about my country than I did about ____42____ (they) ! This big journey across the world showed me not only how huge the world is, ____43____ also how we can all learn from each other. Understanding China, ____44____ (especial) its history, takes time because it is so big and different in many ____45____ (way) . 【答案】36. what 37. to 38. shook 39. impression 40. exciting 41. to meet 42. theirs 43. but 44. especially 45. ways 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者37年前首次访问中国的经历和感受，强调了与中国人的交流对理解中国及其历史的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：当时，我对这个国家了解不多，因为它不是我在学校所学内容的一部分。“ ____ I learned at school”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“我在学校所学内容”，应用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：我乘火车穿越欧洲和亚洲北部，最终到达了中国。get to是固定短语，意为“到达”。故填to。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：一位要回北京的旅友热情地握着我的手说：“欢迎来到中国。”shake(握)是主句谓语动词，与主语A fellow traveller之间是主动关系，根据上下文可知，讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填shook。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国给我留下了非常好的印象。提示词作宾语，用名词impression，意为“印象”，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填impression。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：“有哪些激动人心的时刻？”提示词修饰名词moments，表示“令人激动的”，用-ing形容词exciting作定语。故填exciting。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对我来说，这是一个与不同的人见面和交谈的机会，看到我们更多的是相似而不是不同。“(meet) and talk with different people”作chance的后置定语，名词chance后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“做……的机会”。故填to meet。 【42题详解】 考查名词性物主代词。句意：我们每个人都怀揣着希望与梦想，而我遇到的不少旅人，他们对我的国家的了解，竟比我对他们国家的了解还要深入！结合句意，表示“他们的国家”，用名词性物主代词theirs作宾语，指代“their countries”。故填theirs。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：这次穿越世界的伟大旅程不仅让我看到了世界有多大，也让我明白了我们可以从彼此身上学到什么。not only...but also...是复合连词，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：了解中国，尤其是了解它的历史，需要时间，因为它幅员辽阔，在很多方面都很不同。副词especially作状语，意为“尤其”对前面所述的事件进行补充说明，可引出同位语，起强调作用。故填especially。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：了解中国，尤其是它的历史，需要时间，因为它幅员辽阔，在很多方面都很不同。可数名词way(方面)作宾语，有many修饰，用复数形式。故填ways。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你的交换生好友Peter发邮件说他最近很烦恼，因为他的同桌总是在上课时跟他讲话，导致他无法集中注意力听课。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1．表示理解； 2．提出建议。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I’m sorry to hear that you can’t concentrate in class because your deskmate is always talking to you. This is indeed a frustrating situation, but I believe it can be handled with a thoughtful approach. I suggest you have a friendly but serious talk with your deskmate after class. If it doesn’t help, you might consider speaking privately with your teacher, asking if a seat change could be arranged. What’s important is to address the issue calmly and respectfully instead of letting it keep bothering you. I truly hope that the situation will improve soon! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生好友Peter回复邮件，说明对他的烦恼理解并且提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 处理：handle with→cope with 解决：address→resolve 重要：important→essential 安排：arrange→settle 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：This is indeed a frustrating situation, but I believe it can be handled with a thoughtful approach. 拓展句：Although this is indeed a frustrating situation, I believe it can be handled with a thoughtful approach. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m sorry to hear that you can’t concentrate in class because your deskmate is always talking to you.（运用了that引导宾语从句以及because引导原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】If it doesn’t help, you might consider speaking privately with your teacher, asking if a seat change could be arranged.（运用了if引导条件状语从句和宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny Saturday morning. I had just finished a long week of schoolwork and was looking forward to a relaxing day. At first, I planned to stay at home and watch some of my favorite TV shows. However, my best friend Linda, tied up with homework, called to say she’d left her textbook at school and ask me to get it for their afternoon study session. I agreed and headed to the school. When I arrived at the school bus stop, there were a lot of people. Some were rushing to catch their buses, while others were waiting patiently. Among the crowd, I noticed a young woman pacing back and forth, looking extremely anxious. She was holding a map in her hand, but it seemed like she was having a hard time making sense of it. Next to her stood a man, who was constantly checking his watch and shaking his head in frustration (沮丧). Feeling curious, I walked over and asked in a friendly tone, “Are you okay? It looks like you’re having some trouble.” The woman looked up and explained, “We’re tourists from another country, and we’re trying to get to the famous art museum in the city, but we can’t figure out which bus to take.” I smiled reassuringly (安慰地). “Don’t worry. I can help you with that. I’ve lived in this city for a long time, and I know the bus routes (路线) well.” The man’s face lit up, and he said,” That would be wonderful! We’ve been standing here for ages, and we’re starting to get really worried that we’ll miss our chance to visit the museum.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I pointed out the nearest bus stop heading to the museum to them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I finally returned from school with the textbook, Linda was anxiously waiting for me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I pointed out the nearest bus stop heading to the museum to them. I carefully explained to them how to get there. To make sure they wouldn’t get lost, I even drew a simple route diagram on a piece of paper, for which they were extremely grateful. They kept thanking me, saying that without my help, they would have been in a real mess. After making sure they understood the directions clearly, I realized that I had spent quite some time helping them. Looking at my watch, I suddenly remembered Linda’s textbook. I hurriedly said goodbye to the tourists and rushed to school to get Linda’s textbook. When I finally returned from school with the textbook, Linda was anxiously waiting for me. “There you are. I’ve been calling you nonstop,” she exclaimed, grabbing the textbook eagerly. I quickly explained how I’d helped the lost tourists find their way to the museum and how that had delayed me slightly. Linda laughed and said, “Only you would help strangers when you’re already doing someone else a favor!” We both laughed as we headed to our study session, with me feeling satisfied that my morning had turned into something much more meaningful than just fetching a forgotten textbook. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者本打算周六在家放松，却因帮朋友取书来到学校，在公交站遇到一对迷路的外国游客，作者热心帮忙指路并画图，之后匆忙取书，最后将书交给朋友并分享经历，感到很满足。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我向他们指出了最近的去博物馆的公共汽车站。”可知，第一段可描写作者给游客指路，为确保他们不迷路还画了路线图，之后因想起取书匆忙离开。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我终于拿着课本从学校回来时，琳达焦急地等着我。”可知，第二段可描写作者把书交给琳达，解释迟到原因，琳达的反应以及两人前往学习时的感受。 2. 续写线索：给游客指路——画路线图——匆忙取书——把书给琳达——解释迟到原因——琳达反应——前往学习 3. 词汇激活 行为类： ①确保：make sure/guarantee ②帮助：help/assist ③延期：delay/postpone 情绪类： ①感激的：grateful/appreciative ②急切地：eagerly/anxiously 【点睛】【高分句型1】To make sure they wouldn’t get lost, I even drew a simple route diagram on a piece of paper, for which they were extremely grateful.(运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句和for which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I quickly explained how I’d helped the lost tourists find their way to the museum and how that had delayed me slightly.(运用了两个how引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一英语 考生注意： 1．本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2．答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。 3．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Why does the man talk to the woman? A. To ask her to cook dinner. B. To get a phone number. C. To buy a table from her. 2. Where is the man probably going today? A. A hospital. B. His company. C. The woman’s office. 3. What does Lisa’s cousin promise to do? A. Meet Mark at a cafe. B. Go to a bookstore with Lisa. C. Give her used dictionary to Lisa. 4. How long does it usually take the man to finish reading a book? A. A week. B. Two weeks. C. A month. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A question. B. An exam. C. A mistake. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the Browns come just now? A. To attend a party. B. To make an invitation. C. To share gardening tips. 7. What is the relationship between Mrs Johnson and Karen? A. Neighbors. B. Doctor and patient. C. Teacher and student. 听第7段录音，回答第8、9题。 8. What will the weather be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny. 9. Where will the speakers take the kids? A. The Rock Wall. B. Cliffhanger Climbing. C. The Edge Climbing Center. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. When did Christopher get back? A. At about 3:30 pm. B. At about 4:00 pm. C. At about 4:30 pm. 11. How did Christopher help the car owner? A. By repairing his phone. B. By lending a bike to him. C. By getting the car key for him. 12. What will Christopher do next? A. Sit for a while. B. Take a shower. C. Make a phone call. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. Where was Henry when the accident happened? A. In his bedroom. B. In the kitchen. C. In his father’s study. 14. When did Henry start to notice Mike’s situation? A. When Mike cried for help. B. When Mike was turning red. C. When Mike had difficulty breathing. 15. What played a key role in saving Mike? A. Henry’s first aid skills. B. Jason’s brave action. C. Mrs Brown’s story. 16. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. At school. C. At a store. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the dog’s name in the movie? A. Michelle. B. Bella. C. Melissa. 18. Why does the dog run away? A. To take a trip. B. To catch a cat. C. To return to Lucas. 19. How many family members watched the movie with the speaker? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. 20. What is the speaker’s attitude towards the movie? A. Uncaring. B. Negative. C. Positive. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Great English Course in Boston: Preply Where: online — meaning you can study from anywhere Price: start at $10 per lesson Need to study business American English to get ahead at work? Want to perfect your English for your trip to London? Preply has you covered with language teachers who are good at designing special lessons to make sure you achieve your goals. With over 19,000 online English teachers who speak different languages like Spanish, Mandarin, and Russian, Preply can definitely help non-English speakers to learn English. Preply finds you English teachers in Boston that suit your schedule by asking a few quick questions about your goals and level. The next step? Simply book a 25- or 50-minute lesson for a try. If the teacher isn’t a good fit, try another one. Do you need some pointers to help you choose a language teacher that’s right for you? If so, check out our article on how to pick a good teacher to get some handy tips. (Click here to read the article.) Outside class, the free Vocab app by Preply ensures you keep progressing. If you see a word you don’t know while surfing the web, select it with your mouse, and then click on Vocab to see what it means. Click “Add to Vocab”, and the app saves the word in your Preply list for you to revise later. Along with the vocabulary app, Preply teachers provide extra learning materials to improve your vocabulary, reading, and listening skills. So, if you’re looking for a personalized learning experience, register for Preply. 1. What can be known about the course? A. Its schedule remains the same. B. Its real classrooms are fixed. C. Its learners need to pay for it. D. Its teachers only speak English. 2. What can English learners use Vocab to do? A. Practice their spoken English. B. Look up the words they don’t know. C. Search for some English stories. D. Get advice on choosing teachers. 3. From which is the text most probably taken? A. A website. B. A newspaper. C. A textbook. D. A notice board. B Todd Toriscelli graduated from Ohio University in 1984 after studying athletic training. He later built a long and successful career (事业) working for the National Football League. After retiring earlier this year, Todd has turned his attention to supporting the next generation of professionals in the field. “I take so much pride in Ohio,” Todd said. “It’s such a special place to me.” To express his thanks, he set up the Todd Toriscelli Endowment for Athletic Training, which will offer scholarships (奖学金) to students in the athletic training program. As a teenager, Todd first went to the University of Akron and played football there. However, his grades were poor, and he returned home. Since no one in his family had gone to college before, his parents were still proud of him for giving it a try. That seemed like the end of that path — until a friend gave him a textbook and asked him to read it. Todd quickly became interested and decided to try college again at Ohio University. At Ohio, Todd met Charles Vosler, then the head athletic trainer. Vosler told Todd that if he received a grade of a C or lower during his first term, he would be out of the program. Todd didn’t just meet that goal—he surpassed it with a 4.0 grade point average that term. He said Vosler’s warning was the best thing anyone ever said to him, because it challenged him to do better. From then on, Todd fully threw himself into athletic training. He worked hard in class and gained hands-on experience every afternoon. With the help from teachers and classmates, he learned how to study better and grow professionally. “Without Ohio, and without Charles Vosler having faith (信任) in me and giving me a chance, none of my career success ever would have happened,” Todd said. “That’s why I’m just so honored to come back to campus.” 4. Why did Todd start the Todd Toriscelli Endowment for Athletic Training? A. To give back to Ohio University. B. To honor his professional sports career. C. To remember a respected football player. D. To raise money for a new training program. 5. What made Todd decide to apply to Ohio University? A. A good job opportunity. B. A book from his friend. C. His parents’ suggestion. D. The college’s scholarship. 6. Which of the following best describes Charles Vosler as a trainer? A. Strict. B. Kind. C. Patient. D. Energetic. 7. How does Todd probably feel about Charles Vosler? A. Regretful. B. Thankful. C. Confused. D. Frightened. C When engineers design infrastructure like roads and bridges, they depend on hydrological (水文的) models to predict (预测) the likelihood of floods, such as those that occur once in 50 or 100 years. Engineers test these models using historical data to ensure they work correctly under observed conditions. However, new research from Cornell University shows that, due to climate change, floods are happening more often, which makes these traditional models less reliable (可靠的). “This raises some key questions: How much should we trust our models based on historical data when predicting future events? And which models are better suited for long-term water infrastructure planning?” said Sandeep Poudel， the first author of new Cornell research. To answer these questions, the researchers first developed a “virtual hydrolab” experiment. They used 1,000 years of simulated data, which included extreme events like floods and droughts, as well as daily weather data such as temperature, rainfall, and runoff. They then tested six different flood prediction models to see which could best predict outcomes in both present and future climate conditions. The models fell into three groups: traditional models based on physical equations about hydrological processes; AI models that take in all of that data and make predictions based on learned input and output relationships; and a hybrid model combining the traditional and AI models. They found that while there were large uncertainties among all the models tested, the AI model performed best. Despite the success of the AI model in this study, Poudel warned against throwing out traditional models. “Instead of thinking we can predict exactly how floods will change in each area, we should understand the limits of our models and look for patterns that appear in larger regions,” Poudel said. “This wider view will provide planners with a more reliable guide for designing infrastructure and protecting communities in a warming climate.” 8. Why are traditional flood models less reliable now? A. They are limited to coastal city planners. B. They are designed mainly for city bridges. C. They are never shared among researchers. D. They are based on past climate conditions. 9. What is the purpose of the “virtual hydrolab” experiment? A. To compare various AI models. B. To collect data about temperatures. C. To test flood prediction models. D. To check the water levels of a river. 10. What does Poudel suggest in the last paragraph? A. Working with local guides. B. Taking a broader view. C. Sounding an early warning. D. Asking planners for help. 11. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Rethinking Risk Management. B. Uncovering the Downside of AI. C. Engineers Lead Flood Control. D. AI Improves Flood Predictions. D The number of young children who are obese (肥胖的) or extremely obese is going down, according to a new study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This is the first national study to suggest that obesity among preschoolers may have begun to decline. To understand the finding, it helps to know how obesity is defined. Health experts determine whether an adult is obese by the height/weight ratio called the body mass index (BMI). In adults, someone with a BMI of 30 or higher is considered obese. However, determining whether a child is obese is more complex (复杂的). If a child’s BMI falls at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex, the child is considered obese. A child whose BMI is at or above 120 percent of the 95th percentile is considered extremely obese. Or, as Heidi Blanck, one of the study’s authors, explains: “A three-year-old boy who is 37.7 inches tall and weighs 37 pounds would be considered obese. If that same boy weighs 44 pounds or more, he would be considered extremely obese. Obesity rates among preschoolers rose sharply in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In 1998, about 13% of children aged 2 — 4 were obese, and less than 2% were extremely obese. The problem became worse and reached its highest point in 2003. That year, 15.21% of children aged 2 — 4 were obese and 2.22% were extremely obese. But in 2010, the obesity rate dropped to 14.94% and the rate of extreme obesity to 2.07%. “We consider this change small but encouraging,” says Blanck. This new report doesn’t specifically indicate one exact cause for the slight decline in obesity rates, but Sanjay Gupta, lead author of the study, believes growing awareness about childhood obesity among parents, health professionals and communities has played a role. He points out that an increase in breastfeeding may also have worked. 12. What does the underlined word “decline” in the first paragraph mean? A. Fall. B. Beat. C. Wave. D. Cheat. 13. Why does the author mention BMI? A. To explain why children gain weight fast. B. To highlight a practical treatment program. C. To show how a child’s obesity is measured. D. To stress children’s body weight differences. 14. What was the percentage of obese preschoolers in 2010? A. 13.20%. B. 14.94%. C. 15.21%. D. 17.01%. 15. What does Gupta intend to say in the last paragraph? A. Why obesity has increased among children. B. Why parents’ attitude to health has changed. C. What helped reduce obesity in preschoolers. D. What played a key role in children’s growth. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I was sitting on my sofa, feeling very tired. My doctor had warned me for years that my inactive lifestyle was putting me at risk of various health problems. ___16___ — I was too busy. I was too tired. I didn’t have the motivation (动力). But one day, something clicked. I realized that I wasn’t just risking my health but missing out on life. I wanted to hike, swim, dance, and travel without feeling winded and tired. ___17___. It wasn’t easy at first. I was out of shape and easily discouraged. But I started small, with just a few minutes of gentle yoga or walking around the block. ___18___. Before I knew it, I ran, lifted weights, and took group fitness classes. I discovered a whole new world of physical activity that I had never explored before, and it was exciting. But more than that, exercise changed my life in ways I could never have imagined. As I started to get stronger and fitter, I also found that my mood (情绪) lifted. ___19___. I even started to feel more connected to my community as I joined running groups and fitness classes and met new friends who shared my love for healthy living. ___20___, not just because it’s good for my body, but because it’s good for my life. It reminds me that I am alive and that every day is a gift to be valued. And for that, I will be forever thankful for the power of exercise. A. It was a big blow B. Today, I still exercise every day C. But the real turning point came a few years later D. So, I decided to start moving my body every day E. However, I had always found excuses to avoid exercise F. I was more energized, more focused, and more confident G. As I started to feel a little better each day, I was eager to move more 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One Sunday morning, I was busy with my homework when I heard a soft knock on my door. It was my mom, ____21____ a small box wrapped (包装) in colorful paper. “Happy birthday!” she said with a ____22____. I had completely forgotten about my own birthday. I opened the ____23____ and found a beautiful diary inside. “Mom, why did you get me a diary?” I asked, confused. She sat down beside me and said, “I know you’re ____24____ and have a lot on your mind. Sometimes it’s ____25____ to talk about everything, but writing can be a great way to express yourself.” I thanked her and put the diary aside, thinking it was just another ____26____. But that evening, as I sat alone in my room, I ____27____ to give it a try. I started ____28____ about my day, my feelings, and my dreams. It felt strange at first, but soon I found comfort in writing my thoughts onto the ____29____. A few days later, I shared some of my ____30____ with my mom. She listened ____31____ and shared her thoughts. It was our first deep and ____32____ conversation. The diary turned out to be a useful tool for us to ____33____. It showed me that my mom was always there, ready to listen to and ____34____ me. And it taught me the importance of ____35____ my feelings, not just with a diary, but with the people who care about me. 21. A. selling B. picking C. opening D. holding 22. A. pity B. cry C. smile D. letter 23. A. box B. door C. window D. book 24. A. working out B. growing up C. giving up D. slowing down 25. A. impolite B. hard C. boring D. crazy 26. A. excuse B. problem C. joke D. gift 27. A. remembered B. agreed C. decided D. promised 28. A. writing B. worrying C. complaining D. arguing 29. A. grounds B. pages C. walls D. boards 30. A. fear B. grades C. stories D. money 31. A. thankfully B. angrily C. hardly D. patiently 32. A. short B. meaningful C. unsuccessful D. sad 33. A. explore B. study C. connect D. relax 34. A. support B. follow C. ask D. hurt 35. A. sharing B. changing C. comparing D. forgetting 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I first visited China 37 years ago, in 1987. At that time, I didn’t know much about the country because it wasn’t part of ____36____ I learned at school. I left Scotland to go on a trip into places I had never been to before. I travelled by train through Europe and northern Asia, and finally got ____37____ China. On that first trip, I felt real friendship. A fellow traveller who was going back to Beijing ____38____ (shake) my hand warmly and said, “Welcome to China.” When I arrived at Beijing Railway Station, there was a sign above the platform that said, “Welcome to Beijing.” China left a very good ____39____ (impress) on me. When I went back home, people asked me about my trip. “What were some ____40____ (excite) moments?” I answered right away, “Meeting Chinese people!” For me, it was a chance ____41____ (meet) and talk with different people and see that we are more alike than different. We all had hopes and dreams, and some of the people I met knew more about my country than I did about ____42____ (they) ! This big journey across the world showed me not only how huge the world is, ____43____ also how we can all learn from each other. Understanding China, ____44____ (especial) its history, takes time because it is so big and different in many ____45____ (way) . 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你的交换生好友Peter发邮件说他最近很烦恼，因为他的同桌总是在上课时跟他讲话，导致他无法集中注意力听课。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1．表示理解； 2．提出建议。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright and sunny Saturday morning. I had just finished a long week of schoolwork and was looking forward to a relaxing day. At first, I planned to stay at home and watch some of my favorite TV shows. However, my best friend Linda, tied up with homework, called to say she’d left her textbook at school and ask me to get it for their afternoon study session. I agreed and headed to the school. When I arrived at the school bus stop, there were a lot of people. Some were rushing to catch their buses, while others were waiting patiently. Among the crowd, I noticed a young woman pacing back and forth, looking extremely anxious. She was holding a map in her hand, but it seemed like she was having a hard time making sense of it. Next to her stood a man, who was constantly checking his watch and shaking his head in frustration (沮丧). Feeling curious, I walked over and asked in a friendly tone, “Are you okay? It looks like you’re having some trouble.” The woman looked up and explained, “We’re tourists from another country, and we’re trying to get to the famous art museum in the city, but we can’t figure out which bus to take.” I smiled reassuringly (安慰地). “Don’t worry. I can help you with that. I’ve lived in this city for a long time, and I know the bus routes (路线) well.” The man’s face lit up, and he said,” That would be wonderful! We’ve been standing here for ages, and we’re starting to get really worried that we’ll miss our chance to visit the museum.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I pointed out the nearest bus stop heading to the museum to them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I finally returned from school with the textbook, Linda was anxiously waiting for me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $