单元诊断自查Unit 1 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册

. Unit 1综合检测卷 Ⅰ、阅读（共两节，满分36分） 阅读理解(共12小题;每小题3分,计36分) A An encyclopaedia is a set of books that has information on many different topics. The words inside are usually put in alphabetical order. Because there is so much information, it is often divided into many volumes. Here are some simple steps to use one: Choose Your Topic First, decide what you want to learn about. It is okay to start with a big idea. For example, you might want to learn about “Chinese History”. Later, you can choose a smaller part of that topic, like “The Great Wall” or “The First Emperor”. Look for Your Topic If you are using a book, look at the words on the side of the book to find the right one. For example, if your topic is “The Giant Panda”, you should look for the book with words starting with “G”. Read and Learn Once you find your topic, read the information carefully. The article will give you the most important facts. It can also give you new ideas for other things to learn about. For example, when reading about pandas, you might also learn about bamboo forests. ( )1. What should you do first when using an encyclopaedia? A. Find the smaller part of a topic. B. Choose a topic you want to know. C. Ask a library worker for help. D. Look for words. ( )2. How are the words in an encyclopaedia usually arranged? A. In story order. B. In alphabetical order. C. In the order of importance. D. In number order. ( )3. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to use an encyclopaedia. B. The history of encyclopaedias. C. Different kinds of encyclopaedias. D. Who can use an encyclopaedia. ( )4. 新考法｜文章出处题 You most probably find this text in a ____. A. storybook B. travel guidebook C. magazine about study skills D. personal diary B Jiang Chunfang (1912‑1987) was one of China’s most influential scholars (学者) in the 20th century. His greatest achievement was creating China’s first modern encyclopaedia, but his journey to this achievement was filled with challenges. Born in Jiangsu Province, Jiang showed an early love for learning. After university, he translated a great deal of Russian literature into Chinese, introducing many important foreign ideas to China. However, Jiang dreamt of doing something bigger for his country. In 1978, Jiang formally proposed (提议) an idea—China needed its own modern encyclopaedia, similar to those in Western countries. At that time, China lacked modern reference books (参考书), and students couldn’t often find answers to their questions. The project faced many difficulties, including little money, few experts and no related experience. However, Jiang worked tirelessly, travelling across China to convince (说服) the best scholars to join him. The first volume of the encyclopaedia was published in 1980. Over the next 13 years, Jiang’s team completed 73 more volumes covering every major subject from ancient Chinese history to modern technology. The encyclopaedia became famous for its correct information and special focus on Chinese culture and achievements. Sadly, Jiang didn’t live to see the final volume published. He passed away in 1987, but his work continued. In 1993, the encyclopaedia was finally completed. Today, Jiang is remembered as “the father of China’s modern encyclopaedia”. The encyclopaedia he created continues to help millions of Chinese people learn about their country. ( )5. What is the greatest achievement of Jiang Chunfang? A. Founding a great university in Jiangsu Province. B. Translating Russian literature into Chinese. C. Creating China’s first modern encyclopaedia. D. Building China’s first national library system. ( )6. What does the underlined word “lacked” mean in Paragraph 3? A. Didn’t have enough. B. Didn’t need many. C. Didn’t protect at all. D. Didn’t buy any. ( )7. Which of the following is NOT true according to the article? A. China didn’t have any encyclopaedia before Jiang. B. Jiang created the encyclopaedia with a great team. C. The encyclopaedia has a total of 74 volumes. D. The encyclopaedia was finished after Jiang passed away. ( )8. What’s the best title for this article? A. The History of Encyclopaedias in China B. A Great Translator: Jiang Chunfang’s Successful Career C. The Creation of China’s Encyclopaedias D. Jiang Chunfang: The Father of China’s Modern Encyclopaedia C An encyclopaedia is a book or a set of books that gives information about many different subjects, arranged in alphabetical order. The word comes from the Greek words meaning “general education”. Before the internet, encyclopaedias were one of the most important tools for students to find information for their homework and projects. There are two main types of encyclopaedias: general and subject‑specific. A general encyclopaedia, like the famous Encyclopaedia Britannica, covers a wide range of topics, from history and science to art and music. A subject‑specific encyclopaedia, however, focuses on one specific area, such as an encyclopaedia of animals or an encyclopaedia of world history. In the past, encyclopaedias were heavy and expensive. Many families were proud to have a set on their bookshelves. However, with the development of technology, digital encyclopaedias became popular. CD‑ROM encyclopaedias were a big hit in the 1990s. They included not only text and pictures but also videos and audio, which made learning more interesting. Today, a famous encyclopaedia website is Wikipedia. It is an online encyclopaedia that anyone can edit. This means it has a huge amount of information that is updated very quickly. But there is also a problem: because anyone can change the information, sometimes it might not be 100% accurate (准确的). Therefore, while Wikipedia is a great place to start your research, it’s always a good habit to check the information with other reliable (可依靠的) sources. Encyclopaedias, whether in print or online, are wonderful windows to the world. They help us explore new topics and satisfy our curiosity (好奇心). ( )9. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A. To introduce the history of encyclopaedias. B. To explain what an encyclopaedia is. C. To talk about Greek words. D. To compare different encyclopaedias. ( )10. According to the passage, what was an advantage of CD‑ROM encyclopaedias? A. They were very heavy. B. They were expensive. C. They included videos and audio. D. Anyone could edit them. ( )11. What is the biggest problem with Wikipedia mentioned in the passage? A. It has too much information. B. Its information might not always be accurate. C. It is not arranged in alphabetical order. D. It is not available online. ( )12. What does the author advise students to do after finding information on Wikipedia? A. Print the information immediately. B. Edit the information to make it correct. C. Check the information with other sources. D. Stop using other encyclopaedias. Ⅱ.阅读还原(共4小题，计12分) 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。(每个选项限用一次) Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Dolphins can. 13.________ When they sleep, only half of their brain goes to sleep. Half of their brain sleeps for about two hours before the other half of their brain gets a chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping. 14.________ They are mammals (哺乳动物). These mammals have lungs (肺). And they don't have gills (鳃) like fish. They are also warm‑blooded and have to go to the surface of the water to get air into their lungs. Dolphins don't lay eggs. Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers. Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people out of water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. 15.________ Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interesting fishing skills. 16.________ They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the “voices” of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thing that shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror (镜子) and check different parts of their body in it. A. Dolphins are not fish. B. But their cleverness doesn't end there. C. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. D. They communicate with each other in many ways. E. Dolphins are one of the cleverest animals in the world. Ⅲ.完形填空（共10小题，计20分） During the Qingming Festival, Ann and her parents went back to their hometown. Ann knew 17 about the Qingming Festival. So she asked her mother to buy her an encyclopaedia about 18 . Here's an article about the Qingming Festival. The Qingming Festival is in April. It's really a good time for people to go outside and enjoy the 19 scenery of springtime and go to the graves (墓) of beloved ones. Since 2008, the Qingming Festival has been a(n) 20 holiday in China. The holiday is also called Tomb‑Sweeping Day in English, because people will go to the tombs and clean them on this day. Along the River During the Qingming Festival is a famous painting about this festival. It was drawn by the 21 Zhang Zeduan. People also 22 many poems about the Qingming Festival. Among them, the most 23 one may be Du Mu's poem Qingming. After reading the article, Ann 24 the Qingming Festival better. Besides this, Ann also read the articles about other festivals, such as the Spring Festival, May Day and the National Day. She learnt a lot from this encyclopaedia. When Ann came back to school, she shared the experience with her 25 . And they have also found some meaningful things about the festival. They decided to study 26 and respect the old. 17. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 18. A. animals B. festivals C. seasons D. plants 19. A. cheap B. beautiful C. ugly D. expensive 20. A. original B. secret C. public D. valuable 21. A. editor B. author C. player D. artist 22. A. write B. sang C. laid D. heard 23. A. careful B. famous C. helpful D. boring 24. A. felt about B. talked about C. knew about D. cared about 25. A. parents B. classmates C. drivers D. sisters 26. A. quietly B. quickly C. slowly D. hard Ⅳ.语篇填空（共10小题，计20分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Children always take an interest in everything. They keep trying to find out how things work. Here 27.____ (be) some of the best kids' encyclopaedias. They can help children learn more about 28.____ world. My Encyclopaedia of Very Important Things This encyclopaedia will give children information about a lot of things, 29.____ (include) the plants, animals and people all over the world. Through this encyclopaedia, children can easily know how animals talk, how so many people live in this world,30_______so on. Mistakes That Worked It is an interesting book. It talks about how a few 31.____ (invent) came into being by accident (偶然地). One of the stories is about how a cook invented the 32.____ (one) potato wafers (薄片). One day, a customer criticized (批评) a cook because his fried potatoes weren't thin enough. The cook was angry, so he decided to cut very thin fried potatoes. To his surprise, the customer thought the taste was much 33.____ (good) and soon the thin fried potatoes became popular. The encyclopaedia also talks about how cola, sandwiches, X－rays and other 34.____ (use) inventions came into being by accident. Animal Encyclopaedia It's the best book to help children learn 35.____ animals. It covers information on 2,500 kinds of animals with colourful pictures. It also has maps to show where the animals are found and their homes. If your child loves animals, he or she will enjoy 36.____ (read) this encyclopaedia. Ⅴ.书面表达（12分） 假定你是李辉，你的朋友 Nathan 来信询问中国科学家钱学森的相关信息。请你根据表格所提供的信息，给他写一封回信。 基本信息 钱学森(1911.12—2009.10) 出生地 中国上海 教育背景 1934年毕业于上海交通大学，后赴美国留学，获博士学位。 主要成就 （1） 参与美国早期火箭研究，1955年回到中国； （2） 领导研制中国第一颗人造卫星，推动导弹和太空探索领域的发展； （3） 中国航天事业的奠基人，被誉为“中国航天之父”。 注意： (1) 词数80‑100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； (3) 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。 参考词汇：graduate 毕业；missile 导弹；satellite 卫星；the father of China's aerospace “中国航天之父” Dear Nathan, I know you want to learn about Qian Xuesen. Now let me introduce him to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope the information can help you and I am looking forward to your letter. Yours, Li Hui Unit 1 综合检测卷答案 注：1—16 每题3分；17—36 每题2分；37题12分。 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B B A C C A A D B C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C C A B D C B B C 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 答案 D A B C B D 27. are 28. the 29. including 30. and 31. inventions 32. first 33. better 34. useful 35. about 36. reading 37. One possible version: Dear Nathan, I know you want to learn about Qian Xuesen. Now let me introduce him to you. Qian Xuesen was one of China’s greatest scientists. Born in Shanghai in 1911, he graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1934 and later went to the United States to study, where he earned a doctorate. After taking part in early rocket research there, he returned to China in 1955. He led the development of China’s first satellite and promoted the building of missiles and space programmes. Known as “the father of China’s aerospace”, he made great contributions to the nation’s science and technology. He died in 2009, but his spirit still inspires young people. I hope the information can help you and I am looking forward to your letter. Yours, Li Hui 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $