考点清单02 必修第一册Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型语法梳理（常考点&易错点）（期中知识清单）高一英语上学期北师大版

专题01 必修第一册 Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点01 重点词类 1．badminton n. ____________ 2．golf n. ____________ 3．gymnastics n. ____________ 4．bowling n. ____________ 5．skateboard n. ____________ vi. ____________ 6．stair n. ____________ 7．net n. ____________ 8．court n. ____________ 9．underdog n. ____________ 10．※shot n. ____________ 11．bench n. ____________ 12．replacement n. ____________ 13．boxing n. ____________ 14．※bounce vi. & vt. ____________ 15．halfway adv. ____________ 16．※system n. ____________ 17．membership n. ____________ 18．oxygen n. ____________ 19．guideline n. ____________ 20．click vi. & vt. ____________ 21．principle n. ____________ 22．shortcut n. ____________ 23．overnight adv. ____________ 24．muscle n. ____________ 25．※bone n. ____________ 知识点02 高频短语 1．try out for sth. ____________ 2．let sb.down ____________ 3．keep up with ____________ 4．sign up ____________ 5．in particular ____________ 6．have a strong desire to play for the team ____________ 7．crash into each other ____________ 8．give him a shot ____________ 9．see what you are capable of ____________ 10．be a bit fed up with getting sick ____________ 知识点03 重点句型 1．这都是因为我经常锻炼。(This/That is because…) This is all ________________________. 2．博格斯身高只有一米六，是 NBA 历史上最矮的球员。(which 引导的非限制性定语从句) Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, ________________________ ever in the NBA． 3．“嗯，” 教练一边拍着保罗的肩膀一边说，“你已经为自己赢得了球队中的位置，‘大个子’！”(“hit＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位”) “Well，” said the coach as he ________________________, “you've just earned your place on the team, big guy！” 4．跑步时不要喝太多水，否则会让你感到不舒服。(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句) And don't drink too much while running, ________________________． 5．也没有更好的方法来了解你自己，看看你能做到哪一步。(“否定词＋比较级” 表最高级) There is also ________________________ know yourself and to see what you are capable of. 知识点04 重点语法 名词短语（NP）：名词 + 修饰成分 例：the top basketball champion 顶尖的篮球冠军 形容词短语（AdjP）：形容词 + 修饰成分 例：well capable of hard training 很能够承受艰苦训练 副词短语（AdvP）：副词 + 修饰成分 例：really regularly 十分定期地 介词短语（PP）：介词 + 介词宾语 例：within one month 在一个月之内 动词短语（VP）：实义动词连同附属成分 例：try out for the team 参加队伍选拔 动词ing 作定语：修饰名词，表主动 / 进行 例：the cheering crowd 欢呼的人群 动词ing 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语性质 例：The training is inspiring. 这项训练鼓舞人心。 动词ing 作宾语：放在动词后充当宾语 例：I suggest doing more jogging every day. 我建议每天多慢跑。 动词ed 作定语：动词ed 修饰名词，表被动 / 完成 例：the disappointed players 失望的运动员们 动词ed 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语感受 例：He was amazed at the final result. 他对最终结果感到震惊。 to do 作定语：不定式后置修饰名词 例：a chance to earn the medal 一次赢得奖牌的机会 to do 作目的状语：表动作目的 例：He gets up early to keep in good shape. 他早起是为了保持良好的身体状态。 it 作形式宾语结构：find/think + it + adj. + to do it 为形式宾语，真正宾语为后面 to do 不定式 例：I find it difficult to keep up with other athletes. 我发现很难跟上其他运动员。 定语从句（限制性） that /which 修饰事物，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the sport that I prefer 我更喜欢的那项运动 who 修饰人，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the champion who won the game 赢得比赛的那位冠军 what 引导名词性从句：what 在从句充当主 / 宾，表 “…… 的事物” 例：What matters most is regular exercise. 最重要的是规律锻炼。 when 引导时间状语从句：when 引导从句表时间 例：I felt tired when I finished the jog. 跑完慢跑时我感到疲惫。 as long as 引导条件状语从句：as long as 表条件，“只要” 例：You will make progress as long as you keep practising. 只要坚持练习，你就会取得进步。 so…that… 引导结果状语从句：如此…… 以至于 例：He was so energetic that he kept running for hours. 他精力如此充沛，连续跑了好几个小时。 There be 句型：表存在，“某地有某物” 例：There are many sports courts in our community. 我们小区有很多运动场地。 What if… 句型：用于假设疑问，“倘若…… 会怎样” 例：What if I fail to try out for the team? 倘若我选拔不上这支队伍该怎么办？ 考点01 词类转换 （派生词）— 最高频 1．frequency n. 发生的频率，发生率→________ adj. 频繁的；时常发生的→________ adv. 频繁地，经常 2．prefer vt. 更喜欢→________ n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 3．energy n. 力量，活力→________ adj. 精力充沛的→________ adv. 精力充沛地 4．announcement n. 通告，公告→________ vt. 宣布；通告→________ n. 宣告者；播音员 5．occupy vt. 占用，占去 (时间)→________ adj. 忙于…… 的；有人使用的；已被占用的→________ n. 职业；占领 6．disappointment n. 失望；扫兴；沮丧→________ vt. 使失望→________ adj. 令人失望的→________ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 7．amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地→________ adj. 令人惊奇的→________ adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的→________ n. 惊奇，惊愕 8．relieve vt. 减轻，缓解→________ n. 减轻，缓解；宽慰 9．strengthen vi. & vt. (使) 强健→________ n. 力气；优势→________ adj. 强壮的→________ adv. 坚定地；强有力地；强烈地 10．benefit n. 好处，益处→________ adj. 有好处的，有益的 11．achievable adj. 可完成的；做得成的→________ v. 实现，获得→________ n. 成就 12．satisfaction n. 满足，满意→________ vt. 使满意→________ adj. 令人满意的→________ adj. 满意的 13．response n. 回答，答复→________ v. 回答，回复 14．inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞；灵感→________ vt. 激发；鼓舞→________ adj. 得到灵感的；能力卓越的→________ adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 15．desire n. 渴望→________ adj. 期望得到的，希望实现的→________ adj. 令人满意的；值得拥有的 16．annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→________ adv. 每年，一年一次地 考点02 介词填空 — 必考 1.be serious ________ 对…… 认真 2.be devoted ________ 致力于；全身心投入于 3.be strict ________ 对…… 严格 4.be confident ________ 对…… 有信心 5.be tired ________ 对…… 感到厌烦 6.be good ________ 擅长…… 7.be ready ________ 为…… 做好准备 8.be proud ________ 为…… 感到自豪 9.be concerned ________ 关心；担忧…… 10.be fit ________ 适合…… 考点03 "to 后接 doing" 陷阱 — 高频易错 ✅to 为介词 + doing 1.stick to ________ (practise) every day 坚持每日训练 2.pay attention to ________ (protect) muscles 注意保护肌肉 3.be used to ________ (do) regular exercise 习惯规律运动 4.look forward to ________ (try) out for the team 期待参加队伍选拔 5.be addicted to ________ (do) sports 沉迷体育运动 ✅to 为不定式符号 + do 1.want ________ (keep) in good shape 想要保持良好状态 2.hope ________ (become) an athlete 希望成为一名运动员 3.decide ________ (take) up jogging 决定开始慢跑 4.plan ________ (improve) physical strength 计划提升体能 5.choose ________ (take) part in the match 选择参加比赛 考点04 ed /ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 1.________（人受到鼓舞的）/________（事物令人鼓舞的） 2.________（人感到高兴的）/________（事物令人愉快的） 3.________（人惊讶的）/________（事物令人惊讶的） 4.________（人感到沮丧的）/________（事物令人沮丧的） 5.________（人受激励的）/________（事物鼓舞人心的） 6.________（人感到满足的）/________（事物令人满足的） 序号 易混短语 释义 用法场景 例句 1 Join join in take part in sign up for 加入参与参加报名参加 join：加入俱乐部、组织、人群，成为成员join in：参与正在进行的活动（讨论、游戏）take part in：参加大型正式活动，并发挥作用sign up for：预先报名课程、社团，侧重报名动作 He joined the debate club.Come and join in our discussion.We took part in the school sports meeting.I plan to sign up for the art club. 2 be anxious about be curious about 为…… 担心对…… 好奇 be anxious about：负面情绪，担忧、焦虑be curious about：中性，对未知事物抱有好奇心 I’m anxious about my new school life.Teenagers are curious about new things. 3 look forward to doing expect to do 期待做某事期待做某事 look forward to：to 是介词，后接 doing，作文高频expect to do：to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形 I look forward to meeting my new teacher.I expect to balance study and hobbies. 4 be used to doing used to do be used to do 习惯于做…过去常常做…被用来做… be used to doing：to 介词，表现在习惯used to do：过去常做，现在不再做be used to do：被动语态，某物被用来做某事 She is used to taking notes in class.I used to feel nervous at first.Books are used to gain knowledge. 5 make the most of take advantage of 充分利用利用；占便宜 make the most of：褒义，珍惜时间、机会take advantage of：中性（利用机会）；贬义（占人便宜） Make the most of your teenage time.Don’t take advantage of others’ kindness. 6 deal with cope with 处理，应对艰难应对 deal with：通用，处理问题事务，常搭配 how cope with：侧重克服压力、繁重困难 How do you deal with stress?It is tough to cope with heavy schoolwork. 7 focus on concentrate on 聚焦于集中注意力于 focus on：把目光、目标聚焦，适用范围广concentrate on：排除外界干扰，专心投入 Focus on your goals.Concentrate on your lessons in class. 8 stick to doing keep on doing 坚持做…持续反复做… stick to：to 介词，坚持计划、信念、原则keep on：反复持续做，强调动作不间断 Stick to practising and you will improve.Keep on trying when facing challenges. 9 prepare forget ready for 为…… 做准备做好…… 准备 prepare for：准备的过程，动作阶段get ready for：准备完毕，强调就绪状态 I’m preparing for the exam.We get ready for the club activity. 10 keep in touch with get in touch with 与…… 保持联系与…… 取得联系 keep in touch with：长期维持联络get in touch with：初次建立联系 I keep in touch with my old friends.Get in touch with me if you meet trouble. 序号 易混句式 含义 用法场景 例句 1 It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth. It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……某人做某事，真是…… for：形容词描述事情本身（difficult, important, easy, necessary）of：形容词描述人的品质（responsible, kind, clever） It is hard for freshmen to adapt to new school life.It is responsible of you to finish the task on time. 2 find it +adj. +to do sth. find + 宾语 +adj. 发现做某事……（it 形式宾语）发现某物 / 某人处于某种状态 find it+adj.+to do：真正宾语是后面不定式，避免头重脚轻find + 宾语 + adj：形容词直接作宾语补足语 I find it difficult to balance study and hobbies.I found the new class lively and interesting. 3 so…that…such…that… 如此…… 以至于……（结果状语）如此…… 以至于……（结果状语） so + 形容词 / 副词 +thatsuch +(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 +that I was so busy that I had no free time.It was such a challenging course that I spent much time on it. 4 too…to… so…that…not… 太…… 而不能……如此…… 以至于不能…… too…to：简单句结构，本身含否定含义so…that…not：复合句，从句内加否定词 He is too tired to focus his attention.He was so tired that he could not focus his attention. 5 What if…? How about…? 倘若…… 该怎么办？…… 怎么样？ What if：假设、担忧，引出假想的坏情况How about：提出建议，询问意见 What if no one talks to me?How about signing up for the debate club? 6 be doing sth. when… when + 一般过去时 正在做某事，这时突然……当…… 的时候（时间状语） be doing sth. when：when 表示突然发生意外动作，when 译为 “这时”when：单纯描述时间，主从句动作先后 / 同时发生 I was preparing my lessons when the bell rang. I felt nervous when I arrived at the new school. 7 as long as so long as 只要（条件状语从句）只要（条件状语从句） as long as：书面正式，写作首选so long as：口语化，也可表 “和…… 一样长” You will make progress as long as you stick to your plan.You can join the club so long as you are interested. 8 There is no need (for sb.)to do sth. It is no use doing sth. （某人）没必要做某事做某事没用 There is no need to do：不定式，不必做It is no use doing：动名词，做…… 毫无用处 There is no need for you to be anxious.It is no use worrying all the time. 9 would rather do A than do B prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B比起 B 更喜欢 A would rather 后接动词原形prefer…to… 中 to 是介词，后接 doing I would rather take notes than copy others’ homework.I prefer reading books to playing games. 10 not only…but also … both…and… 不仅…… 而且………… 和…… 两者都 not only…but also…：就近原则，强调后者both…and…：谓语动词永远用复数 Not only my classmates but also my teacher likes the activity.Both my classmates and my teacher like the activity. 题型 考查内容 示例 难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 词义记忆 根据汉语 / 首字母写出 registration、stress、confident ★ 单句语法填空 词形转换、介词固定搭配、非谓语变形 I find it hard ______ (balance) study and hobbies.（to balance） ★ 完成句子 核心句型运用、短语默写 他习惯于早起：He is used to ______ (get up early).（getting up early） ★★ 选词填空 短文语境选词 + 词形变形 方框词：challenge, impress, addict, advance；填入短文并正确变形 ★★ 单项选择 易混短语、形容词辨析、to 后 doing 陷阱 辨析 join/join in/take part in/sign up for；ed/ing 形容词辨析 ★★ 句型转换 同义句式改写 It is important for us to make the most of time. ⇄ To make the most of time is important for us. ★★★ 短语翻译 单元固定短语记忆 汉译英：充分利用（make the most of）；处理，应对（deal with） ★ 词义配对 单词、短语词义连线匹配 anxious— 焦虑的；focus on— 集中注意力于；be responsible for— 对…… 负责 ★ 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发) 题型/技巧模块 一句话核心要点 详细解题策略 高频失分坑（必避） 单词拼写 先判词性，再定变形，结合句意填单元核心词 第一步：根据空格位置判断词性（名/动/形/副）；第二步：根据句式判断单复数、时态、变形；第三步：锁定Welcome Unit&Unit1高频词（anxious、confident、impression、responsibility、challenge等）精准拼写。 字母拼写遗漏、词性乱变形、名词单复数遗忘、大小写错误、派生词拼写混淆 单句语法填空（词形转换） 有词先判词性成分，无词优先填介冠连 给词：先判断作主语/宾语变名词、作定语变形容词、作状语变副词、非谓语看主被动；无词：固定搭配填介词、句子结构填连词、单数名词填冠词。重点掌握单元派生词变形。 词性混用、副词漏ly、名词单复数错误、时态语态误用、变形不彻底 单句语法填空（介词固定搭配） 单元固定搭配直接秒杀，无需过度分析句意 熟记单元成套搭配：be anxious/curious about、be responsible for、be addicted to、focus/concentrate on、suitable for，看到固定形容词/动词直接匹配对应介词。 介词张冠李戴、中式搭配、凭语感乱填、固定短语记忆残缺 to 陷阱辨析（高频易错） 介词to后接doing，不定式to后接动词原形 死记单元介词to短语：look forward to、be addicted to、be used to、stick to、pay attention to 后统一用doing；used to do、want to do 为不定式，后接原形。 惯性写动词原形、分不清介词to与不定式to、改错题型高频丢分 ed/ing形容词辨析 人用ed表感受，物用ing表属性 修饰人、人的情绪、感受用-ed（amazed、confused、stressed、annoyed）；修饰事物、任务、环境、事件用-ing（amazing、confusing、stressful、challenging）。 challenging/challenged、stressed/stressful混用、主观客观不分 易混短语辨析（参加类） join入组织、join in凑活动、take part in起作用、sign up for报名 join+社团/组织/人群；join in+正在进行的游戏/讨论；take part in+大型正式活动（运动会、比赛）；sign up for+课程、社团、培训（侧重报名动作）。 四个短语语境混用、不区分场景、完形单选高频误选 情绪短语辨析 anxious表担忧负面，curious表好奇中性 be anxious about 侧重担心结果、焦虑不安；be curious about 侧重对未知事物好奇、想要探索，语境情绪色彩完全不同。 语义混淆、语境判断失误、翻译写反语义 处理类短语辨析 日常事务deal with，压力困境cope with deal with通用处理问题、事务，常配how；cope with侧重克服压力、繁重学业、艰难困境，难度更高。 语境难度不分、随意互换、完形填空失分 利用类短语辨析 make the most of纯褒义珍惜，take advantage of可褒可贬 make the most of 珍惜时间、机会、资源（积极）；take advantage of 利用优势，也可指占便宜、利用他人（含贬义）。 感情色彩不分、写作误用贬义短语 完成句子（句型仿写） 锁定标志句型，严格套模板，不改结构 看到提示词立刻匹配句型：no matter+疑问词让步、a time when定语从句、before时间从句、find it复合结构、现在分词结果状语、What if假设句型，时态全程统一。 句型结构错乱、非谓语误用、时态混乱、to后原形错误、漏写连接词 句型转换（同义改写） 句意不变、结构替换、时态一致 熟记单元高频互换：It is...to do ↆ To do...；so...that ↆ too...to；prefer doing to doing ↆ would rather do than do，保证句式规范无语法错误。 句式改写不完整、主谓不一致、介词误用、语义跑偏 选词填空（语境变形） 先定词义适配语境，再做正确词形变形 第一步通读短文把握主旨；第二步匹配方框词汇语义；第三步根据句子成分变形（名词单复数、形容词副词、非谓语），优先单元高频词。 只选词不变形、变形错误、语境语义匹配错误、忽略时态 短语翻译（汉译英） 精准默写固定搭配，介词不丢、结构完整 严格默写单元原版短语，重点记忆介词搭配、to后结构、固定形容词搭配，不自创中式短语。 漏写介词、短语残缺、单词拼写错误、中式翻译 单项选择（易混辨析） 先排错、再辨析场景、最后锁定最优项 优先排除语法错误选项（to do/doing错误、ed/ing混用、介词错误），再结合语境场景区分易混短语、形近词、句式差异。 凭语感做题、不区分场景、形近词混淆、陷阱题误判 阅读理解（单元话题） 题干定位+原文同义替换，拒绝主观臆断 圈题干关键词，回原文精准定位；正确答案多为原文同义改写；绝对化选项大概率错误，侧重校园生活、青少年成长、习惯培养话题。 主观脑补、定位偏差、偷换概念、选绝对化表述 书面表达（校园应用文） 三段式+连接词+单元高分句型+时态统一 高频话题：自我介绍、社团自荐、新生建议信；统一一般现在时；套用It is+adj.+for sb to do、look forward to、as long as等句型；分段清晰、句式长短结合、无拼写搭配错误。 时态混乱、to后误用原形、短语搭配错误、句式单一、拼写错误、卷面涂改多 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1．Aerobic activities，like ________(慢跑)，swimming and skiing，develop your heart and lungs. 2．She is not the only young person to have been ________(咬) by the start‑up bug. 3．The audience ________ (鼓掌) loudly after the performer finished her song，showing their appreciation. 4．I worried about my weight and tried every new ________(日常饮食) I read about online. 5．Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending ________(冠军) Brazil in the quarter‑finals. 6．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing ________(系统) began to develop in one direction. 7．Here are some of our favourites，to ________(使…… 想到) us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！ 8．As a coach，she led the China women’s volleyball team to ________(奖牌) at world championships and the Olympics. 9．I spent the evening ________ (打包) for my weekend trip. 10．It was an ________(尴尬) moment.I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house，and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog. 11．She described the place with such ________ (细节) that I felt I was there. 【题型二】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. 2．That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. 3．Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more ________ (benefit) than harmful. 4．After spending some time looking at all the ________ (defend) equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 5．Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park's ________ (amaze) wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. 6．Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most ________ (satisfy) and meaningful to them. 7．If you could offer me this chance, I'm sure that I won't let ________ down． 8．Once you have set up a goal for yourself, you'll have to work hard so as ________ make it． 9．In India, ________ (particular) outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married. 10．Despite many difficulties, the boy kept making great efforts ________ (keep) up with the other students. 【题型三】完成句子 1．遵循上面的建议，你会发现改变你的糟糕状况很容易。 Follow the above suggestions and you ________________________ change your terrible situation．(建议信) 2．我的搭档真诚地提醒我：“当做我们的项目时，你怎么细心都不为过。” My partner reminded me sincerely，“You can't be too careful ________________________.”(语言描写) 3．She got up early this morning so that she could get to school on time. →________________________ get to school on time, she got up early this morning.(in order to 改写) 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 必修第一册 Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点01 重点词类 1．badminton n. 羽毛球 2．golf n. 高尔夫 3．gymnastics n. 体操 4．bowling n. 保龄球 5．skateboard n. 滑板 vi. 用滑板滑行 6．stair n. 楼梯；梯级 7．net n. (网球等的)球网；网 8．court n. (网球等的)球场 9．underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方 10．※shot n. 投球，击球；机会 11．bench n. 替补队员席 12．replacement n. 替换的人(物) 13．boxing n. 拳击(运动) 14．※bounce vi. & vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹 15．halfway adv. 半途地 16．※system n. 系统 17．membership n. 会员身份 18．oxygen n. 氧 19．guideline n. 指导方针，指导原则 20．click vi. & vt. 点击(鼠标) 21．principle n. 原则，基本的观念 22．shortcut n. 捷径，近路 23．overnight adv. 突然，一下子 24．muscle n. 肌肉 25．※bone n. 骨头，骨 知识点02 高频短语 1．try out for sth. 参加……选拔 2．let sb.down 使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望) 3．keep up with 跟上，保持同步 4．sign up 报名 5．in particular 尤其，特别 6．have a strong desire to play for the team 强烈渴望为球队效力 7．crash into each other 撞到一起 8．give him a shot 给他一个机会 9．see what you are capable of 看看你能做到哪一步 10．be a bit fed up with getting sick 受够了总是生病 知识点03 重点句型 1．这都是因为我经常锻炼。(This/That is because…) This is all because I exercise quite regularly. 2．博格斯身高只有一米六，是NBA历史上最矮的球员。(which引导的非限制性定语从句) Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA． 3．“嗯，”教练一边拍着保罗的肩膀一边说，“你已经为自己赢得了球队中的位置，‘大个子’！”(“hit＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位”意为“击打某人的某个身体部位”) “Well，” said the coach as he hit Paul on the shoulder, “you've just earned your place on the team, big guy！” 4．跑步时不要喝太多水，否则会让你感到不舒服。(祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句) And don't drink too much while running, or it'll make you feel sick． 5．也没有更好的方法来了解你自己，看看你能做到哪一步。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级) There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of. 知识点04 重点语法 名词短语（NP）：名词 + 修饰成分 例：the top basketball champion 顶尖的篮球冠军 形容词短语（AdjP）：形容词 + 修饰成分 例：well capable of hard training 很能够承受艰苦训练 副词短语（AdvP）：副词 + 修饰成分 例：really regularly 十分定期地 介词短语（PP）：介词 + 介词宾语 例：within one month 在一个月之内 动词短语（VP）：实义动词连同附属成分 例：try out for the team 参加队伍选拔 动词ing 作定语：修饰名词，表主动 / 进行 例：the cheering crowd 欢呼的人群 动词ing 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语性质 例：The training is inspiring. 这项训练鼓舞人心。 动词ing 作宾语：放在动词后充当宾语 例：I suggest doing more jogging every day. 我建议每天多慢跑。 动词ed 作定语：动词ed 修饰名词，表被动 / 完成 例：the disappointed players 失望的运动员们 动词ed 作表语：放在系动词后描述主语感受 例：He was amazed at the final result. 他对最终结果感到震惊。 to do 作定语：不定式后置修饰名词 例：a chance to earn the medal 一次赢得奖牌的机会 to do 作目的状语：表动作目的 例：He gets up early to keep in good shape. 他早起是为了保持良好的身体状态。 it 作形式宾语结构：find/think + it + adj. + to do it 为形式宾语，真正宾语为后面 to do 不定式 例：I find it difficult to keep up with other athletes. 我发现很难跟上其他运动员。 定语从句（限制性） that /which 修饰事物，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the sport that I prefer 我更喜欢的那项运动 who 修饰人，在从句充当主 / 宾 例：the champion who won the game 赢得比赛的那位冠军 what 引导名词性从句：what 在从句充当主 / 宾，表 “…… 的事物” 例：What matters most is regular exercise. 最重要的是规律锻炼。 when 引导时间状语从句：when 引导从句表时间 例：I felt tired when I finished the jog. 跑完慢跑时我感到疲惫。 as long as 引导条件状语从句：as long as 表条件，“只要” 例：You will make progress as long as you keep practising. 只要坚持练习，你就会取得进步。 so…that… 引导结果状语从句：如此…… 以至于 例：He was so energetic that he kept running for hours. 他精力如此充沛，连续跑了好几个小时。 There be 句型：表存在，“某地有某物” 例：There are many sports courts in our community. 我们小区有很多运动场地。 What if… 句型：用于假设疑问，“倘若…… 会怎样” 例：What if I fail to try out for the team? 倘若我选拔不上这支队伍该怎么办？ 考点01 词类转换 （派生词）— 最高频 1．frequency n. 发生的频率，发生率→frequent adj. 频繁的；时常发生的→frequently adv. 频繁地，经常 2．prefer vt. 更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱，倾向；优先权 3．energy n. 力量，活力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的→energetically adv. 精力充沛地 4．announcement n. 通告，公告→announce vt. 宣布；通告→announcer n. 宣告者；播音员 5．occupy vt. 占用，占去(时间)→occupied adj. 忙于……的；有人使用的；已被占用的→occupation n. 职业；占领 6．disappointment n. 失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的 7．amazingly adv. 惊人地，了不起地→amazing adj. 令人惊奇的→amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的→amazement n. 惊奇，惊愕 8．relieve vt. 减轻，缓解→relief n. 减轻，缓解；宽慰 9．strengthen vi. & vt. (使)强健→strength n. 力气；优势→strong adj. 强壮的→strongly adv.坚定地；强有力地；强烈地 10．benefit n. 好处，益处→beneficial adj. 有好处的，有益的 11．achievable adj. 可完成的；做得成的→achieve v. 实现，获得→achievement n. 成就 12．satisfaction n. 满足，满意→satisfy vt. 使满意→satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的→satisfied adj. 满意的 13．response n. 回答，答复→respond v. 回答，回复 14．inspiration n. 激励，鼓舞；给人以灵感的人/物；灵感→inspire vt. 激发；鼓舞；使产生(感觉或情感)→inspired adj. 得到灵感的；能力卓越的→inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 15．desire n. 渴望→desired adj. 期望得到的，希望实现的→desirable adj. 令人满意的；值得拥有的 16．annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的→annually adv. 每年，一年一次地 考点02 介词填空 — 必考 1.be serious about 对…… 认真 2.be devoted to 致力于；全身心投入于 3.be strict with 对…… 严格 4.be confident in 对…… 有信心 5.be tired of 对…… 感到厌烦 6.be good at 擅长…… 7.be ready for 为…… 做好准备 8.be proud of 为…… 感到自豪 9.be concerned about 关心；担忧…… 10.be fit for 适合…… 考点03 "to 后接 doing" 陷阱 — 高频易错 ✅to 为介词 + doing 1.stick to practising every day 坚持每日训练 2.pay attention to protecting muscles 注意保护肌肉 3.be used to doing regular exercise 习惯规律运动 4.look forward to trying out for the team 期待参加队伍选拔 5.be addicted to doing sports 沉迷体育运动 ✅to 为不定式符号 + do 1.want to keep in good shape 想要保持良好状态 2.hope to become an athlete 希望成为一名运动员 3.decide to take up jogging 决定开始慢跑 4.plan to improve physical strength 计划提升体能 5.choose to take part in the match 选择参加比赛 考点04 ed /ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 1.encouraged（人受到鼓舞的）/encouraging（事物令人鼓舞的） 2.pleased（人感到高兴的）/pleasing（事物令人愉快的） 3.amazed（人惊讶的）/amazing（事物令人惊讶的） 4.disappointed（人感到沮丧的）/disappointing（事物令人沮丧的） 5.inspired（人受激励的）/inspiring（事物鼓舞人心的） 6.satisfied（人感到满足的）/satisfying（事物令人满足的） 序号 易混短语 释义 用法场景 例句 1 Join join in take part in sign up for 加入参与参加报名参加 join：加入俱乐部、组织、人群，成为成员join in：参与正在进行的活动（讨论、游戏）take part in：参加大型正式活动，并发挥作用sign up for：预先报名课程、社团，侧重报名动作 He joined the debate club.Come and join in our discussion.We took part in the school sports meeting.I plan to sign up for the art club. 2 be anxious about be curious about 为…… 担心对…… 好奇 be anxious about：负面情绪，担忧、焦虑be curious about：中性，对未知事物抱有好奇心 I’m anxious about my new school life.Teenagers are curious about new things. 3 look forward to doing expect to do 期待做某事期待做某事 look forward to：to 是介词，后接 doing，作文高频expect to do：to 为不定式符号，后接动词原形 I look forward to meeting my new teacher.I expect to balance study and hobbies. 4 be used to doing used to do be used to do 习惯于做…过去常常做…被用来做… be used to doing：to 介词，表现在习惯used to do：过去常做，现在不再做be used to do：被动语态，某物被用来做某事 She is used to taking notes in class.I used to feel nervous at first.Books are used to gain knowledge. 5 make the most of take advantage of 充分利用利用；占便宜 make the most of：褒义，珍惜时间、机会take advantage of：中性（利用机会）；贬义（占人便宜） Make the most of your teenage time.Don’t take advantage of others’ kindness. 6 deal with cope with 处理，应对艰难应对 deal with：通用，处理问题事务，常搭配 how cope with：侧重克服压力、繁重困难 How do you deal with stress?It is tough to cope with heavy schoolwork. 7 focus on concentrate on 聚焦于集中注意力于 focus on：把目光、目标聚焦，适用范围广concentrate on：排除外界干扰，专心投入 Focus on your goals.Concentrate on your lessons in class. 8 stick to doing keep on doing 坚持做…持续反复做… stick to：to 介词，坚持计划、信念、原则keep on：反复持续做，强调动作不间断 Stick to practising and you will improve.Keep on trying when facing challenges. 9 prepare forget ready for 为…… 做准备做好…… 准备 prepare for：准备的过程，动作阶段get ready for：准备完毕，强调就绪状态 I’m preparing for the exam.We get ready for the club activity. 10 keep in touch with get in touch with 与…… 保持联系与…… 取得联系 keep in touch with：长期维持联络get in touch with：初次建立联系 I keep in touch with my old friends.Get in touch with me if you meet trouble. 序号 易混句式 含义 用法场景 例句 1 It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth. It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……某人做某事，真是…… for：形容词描述事情本身（difficult, important, easy, necessary）of：形容词描述人的品质（responsible, kind, clever） It is hard for freshmen to adapt to new school life.It is responsible of you to finish the task on time. 2 find it +adj. +to do sth. find + 宾语 +adj. 发现做某事……（it 形式宾语）发现某物 / 某人处于某种状态 find it+adj.+to do：真正宾语是后面不定式，避免头重脚轻find + 宾语 + adj：形容词直接作宾语补足语 I find it difficult to balance study and hobbies.I found the new class lively and interesting. 3 so…that…such…that… 如此…… 以至于……（结果状语）如此…… 以至于……（结果状语） so + 形容词 / 副词 +thatsuch +(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 +that I was so busy that I had no free time.It was such a challenging course that I spent much time on it. 4 too…to… so…that…not… 太…… 而不能……如此…… 以至于不能…… too…to：简单句结构，本身含否定含义so…that…not：复合句，从句内加否定词 He is too tired to focus his attention.He was so tired that he could not focus his attention. 5 What if…? How about…? 倘若…… 该怎么办？…… 怎么样？ What if：假设、担忧，引出假想的坏情况How about：提出建议，询问意见 What if no one talks to me?How about signing up for the debate club? 6 be doing sth. when… when + 一般过去时 正在做某事，这时突然……当…… 的时候（时间状语） be doing sth. when：when 表示突然发生意外动作，when 译为 “这时”when：单纯描述时间，主从句动作先后 / 同时发生 I was preparing my lessons when the bell rang. I felt nervous when I arrived at the new school. 7 as long as so long as 只要（条件状语从句）只要（条件状语从句） as long as：书面正式，写作首选so long as：口语化，也可表 “和…… 一样长” You will make progress as long as you stick to your plan.You can join the club so long as you are interested. 8 There is no need (for sb.)to do sth. It is no use doing sth. （某人）没必要做某事做某事没用 There is no need to do：不定式，不必做It is no use doing：动名词，做…… 毫无用处 There is no need for you to be anxious.It is no use worrying all the time. 9 would rather do A than do B prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B比起 B 更喜欢 A would rather 后接动词原形prefer…to… 中 to 是介词，后接 doing I would rather take notes than copy others’ homework.I prefer reading books to playing games. 10 not only…but also … both…and… 不仅…… 而且………… 和…… 两者都 not only…but also…：就近原则，强调后者both…and…：谓语动词永远用复数 Not only my classmates but also my teacher likes the activity.Both my classmates and my teacher like the activity. 题型 考查内容 示例 难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写 + 词义记忆 根据汉语 / 首字母写出 registration、stress、confident ★ 单句语法填空 词形转换、介词固定搭配、非谓语变形 I find it hard ______ (balance) study and hobbies.（to balance） ★ 完成句子 核心句型运用、短语默写 他习惯于早起：He is used to ______ (get up early).（getting up early） ★★ 选词填空 短文语境选词 + 词形变形 方框词：challenge, impress, addict, advance；填入短文并正确变形 ★★ 单项选择 易混短语、形容词辨析、to 后 doing 陷阱 辨析 join/join in/take part in/sign up for；ed/ing 形容词辨析 ★★ 句型转换 同义句式改写 It is important for us to make the most of time. ⇄ To make the most of time is important for us. ★★★ 短语翻译 单元固定短语记忆 汉译英：充分利用（make the most of）；处理，应对（deal with） ★ 词义配对 单词、短语词义连线匹配 anxious— 焦虑的；focus on— 集中注意力于；be responsible for— 对…… 负责 ★ 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基，厚积薄发) 题型/技巧模块 一句话核心要点 详细解题策略 高频失分坑（必避） 单词拼写 先判词性，再定变形，结合句意填单元核心词 第一步：根据空格位置判断词性（名/动/形/副）；第二步：根据句式判断单复数、时态、变形；第三步：锁定Welcome Unit&Unit1高频词（anxious、confident、impression、responsibility、challenge等）精准拼写。 字母拼写遗漏、词性乱变形、名词单复数遗忘、大小写错误、派生词拼写混淆 单句语法填空（词形转换） 有词先判词性成分，无词优先填介冠连 给词：先判断作主语/宾语变名词、作定语变形容词、作状语变副词、非谓语看主被动；无词：固定搭配填介词、句子结构填连词、单数名词填冠词。重点掌握单元派生词变形。 词性混用、副词漏ly、名词单复数错误、时态语态误用、变形不彻底 单句语法填空（介词固定搭配） 单元固定搭配直接秒杀，无需过度分析句意 熟记单元成套搭配：be anxious/curious about、be responsible for、be addicted to、focus/concentrate on、suitable for，看到固定形容词/动词直接匹配对应介词。 介词张冠李戴、中式搭配、凭语感乱填、固定短语记忆残缺 to 陷阱辨析（高频易错） 介词to后接doing，不定式to后接动词原形 死记单元介词to短语：look forward to、be addicted to、be used to、stick to、pay attention to 后统一用doing；used to do、want to do 为不定式，后接原形。 惯性写动词原形、分不清介词to与不定式to、改错题型高频丢分 ed/ing形容词辨析 人用ed表感受，物用ing表属性 修饰人、人的情绪、感受用-ed（amazed、confused、stressed、annoyed）；修饰事物、任务、环境、事件用-ing（amazing、confusing、stressful、challenging）。 challenging/challenged、stressed/stressful混用、主观客观不分 易混短语辨析（参加类） join入组织、join in凑活动、take part in起作用、sign up for报名 join+社团/组织/人群；join in+正在进行的游戏/讨论；take part in+大型正式活动（运动会、比赛）；sign up for+课程、社团、培训（侧重报名动作）。 四个短语语境混用、不区分场景、完形单选高频误选 情绪短语辨析 anxious表担忧负面，curious表好奇中性 be anxious about 侧重担心结果、焦虑不安；be curious about 侧重对未知事物好奇、想要探索，语境情绪色彩完全不同。 语义混淆、语境判断失误、翻译写反语义 处理类短语辨析 日常事务deal with，压力困境cope with deal with通用处理问题、事务，常配how；cope with侧重克服压力、繁重学业、艰难困境，难度更高。 语境难度不分、随意互换、完形填空失分 利用类短语辨析 make the most of纯褒义珍惜，take advantage of可褒可贬 make the most of 珍惜时间、机会、资源（积极）；take advantage of 利用优势，也可指占便宜、利用他人（含贬义）。 感情色彩不分、写作误用贬义短语 完成句子（句型仿写） 锁定标志句型，严格套模板，不改结构 看到提示词立刻匹配句型：no matter+疑问词让步、a time when定语从句、before时间从句、find it复合结构、现在分词结果状语、What if假设句型，时态全程统一。 句型结构错乱、非谓语误用、时态混乱、to后原形错误、漏写连接词 句型转换（同义改写） 句意不变、结构替换、时态一致 熟记单元高频互换：It is...to do ↆ To do...；so...that ↆ too...to；prefer doing to doing ↆ would rather do than do，保证句式规范无语法错误。 句式改写不完整、主谓不一致、介词误用、语义跑偏 选词填空（语境变形） 先定词义适配语境，再做正确词形变形 第一步通读短文把握主旨；第二步匹配方框词汇语义；第三步根据句子成分变形（名词单复数、形容词副词、非谓语），优先单元高频词。 只选词不变形、变形错误、语境语义匹配错误、忽略时态 短语翻译（汉译英） 精准默写固定搭配，介词不丢、结构完整 严格默写单元原版短语，重点记忆介词搭配、to后结构、固定形容词搭配，不自创中式短语。 漏写介词、短语残缺、单词拼写错误、中式翻译 单项选择（易混辨析） 先排错、再辨析场景、最后锁定最优项 优先排除语法错误选项（to do/doing错误、ed/ing混用、介词错误），再结合语境场景区分易混短语、形近词、句式差异。 凭语感做题、不区分场景、形近词混淆、陷阱题误判 阅读理解（单元话题） 题干定位+原文同义替换，拒绝主观臆断 圈题干关键词，回原文精准定位；正确答案多为原文同义改写；绝对化选项大概率错误，侧重校园生活、青少年成长、习惯培养话题。 主观脑补、定位偏差、偷换概念、选绝对化表述 书面表达（校园应用文） 三段式+连接词+单元高分句型+时态统一 高频话题：自我介绍、社团自荐、新生建议信；统一一般现在时；套用It is+adj.+for sb to do、look forward to、as long as等句型；分段清晰、句式长短结合、无拼写搭配错误。 时态混乱、to后误用原形、短语搭配错误、句式单一、拼写错误、卷面涂改多 【题型一】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1．Aerobic activities，like 　jogging　(慢跑)，swimming and skiing，develop your heart and lungs.(译林必修二U2) 2．She is not the only young person to have been 　bitten　(咬) by the start­up bug.(外研选修四U4) 3．The audience 　clapped　 (鼓掌) loudly after the performer finished her song，showing their appreciation. 4．I worried about my weight and tried every new 　diet　(日常饮食) I read about online.(人教必修一U3) 5．Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending 　champion　(冠军) Brazil in the quarter­finals.(外研选修一U3) 6．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing 　system　(系统) began to develop in one direction.(人教必修一U5) 7．Here are some of our favourites，to 　remind　(使……想到) us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！(外研必修一U2) 8．As a coach，she led the China women’s volleyball team to 　medals　(奖牌) at world championships and the Olympics.(人教必修一U3) 9．I spent the evening 　packing　 (打包) for my weekend trip. 10．(2025·全国一卷)It was an 　awkward　(尴尬) moment.I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house，and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog. 11．She described the place with such 　details　 (细节) that I felt I was there. 【题型二】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. 2．(2024·全国甲卷)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial (benefit) than harmful. 4．(2021·全国甲卷)After spending some time looking at all the defensive (defend) equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history! 5．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park's amazing (amaze) wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. 6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying (satisfy) and meaningful to them. 7．If you could offer me this chance, I'm sure that I won't let you down． 8．Once you have set up a goal for yourself, you'll have to work hard so as to make it． 9．(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)In India, particularly (particular) outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband's family when they get married. 10．Despite many difficulties, the boy kept making great efforts to keep up with the other students. 【题型三】完成句子 1．遵循上面的建议，你会发现改变你的糟糕状况很容易。 Follow the above suggestions and you will find it easy to change your terrible situation．(建议信) 2．我的搭档真诚地提醒我：“当做我们的项目时，你怎么细心都不为过。” My partner reminded me sincerely，“You can't be too careful when doing our project.”(语言描写) 3．She got up early this morning so that she could get to school on time. →In order to get to school on time, she got up early this morning.(in order to) 学科网（北京）股份有限公4 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $