精品解析：河南驻马店市泌阳县光亚学校、致远学校2026-2027学年九年级上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

九年级英语基础过关 (RJ) 注意事项：共8页，六个大题，满分120分，时间100分钟。 一、听力理解 (20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话读两遍。 1. How is the man going to return to his hometown? A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane. 2. How long has the man been away from his hometown? A. For two years. B. For five years. C. For six years. 3. What subject is Mike good at? A. Chemistry. B. Math. C. Physics. 4. Whom did Daming go to Puyang with? A. His uncle. B. His father. C. His mother. 5. When did Marie Curie win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A. In 1903. B. In 1911. C. In 1921. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答两个小题。 6. What did they often buy at the old shops after school? A. Storybooks. B. Fruit. C. Ice cream. 7. What does Li Xin think of these changes? A. Wonderful. B. Surprising. C. Important. 听下面一段对话，回答两个小题。 8. What does the girl have trouble with in English? A. Spelling. B. Grammar. C. Pronunciation. 9. What does the boy plan to do? A. Read more English books. B. Speak English more. C. Keep an English diary. 听下面一段独白，回答三个小题。 10. When will the speech finish this Sunday? A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 5:00 p.m. 11. What is Mr. Zhang? A. A famous writer. B. A Chinese professor. C. A library worker. 12. What will Mr. Zhang talk about first? A. Pinyin. B. Sentences. C. Articles. 听下面一段对话，回答三个小题。 13. Who is Lily’s hero? A. Alan Turing. B. Zhan Tianyou. C. Norman Bethune. 14. Where is Wang Wei’s hero from? A. The US. B. China. C. Canada. 15. What did Wang Wei’s hero do in China? A. He set up hospitals. B. He worked as a nurse. C. He got training as a doctor. 第三节 你将听到一则关于家乡的报道。请用你所听到的内容，填写表格中所缺单词，每空限填一个单词或数字。短文读两遍。 Changes in Moonlight Town Past People used to live in old houses. People bought ________ things from small shops. The environment used to be terrible, and there was rubbish everywhere. There were only ________ bus lines that people could choose from. Present Most people live in clean and big ________. There are different kinds of shops and supermarkets on ________ streets. The ________ has taken action to improve the environment. Buses, taxis and subways make traveling easy and fast. 二、阅读理解 (20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Do you have any good methods to improve English listening? By Amy, April 17th, 8:00 a.m. Hello, guys! My English exam is coming soon, and my listening is always the worst part. I spend a lot of time on it, but I make little progress. I feel really upset now. Maybe some of you have easy and useful methods to improve English listening in life. It would be great if you could share your methods with me. I really hope to get your helpful advice! Re: Do you have any good methods to improve English listening? By Tom, April 17th, 8:20 p.m. Hi, Amy! Don’t worry. English listening can get better with the right methods and more practice. I’d like to share my three practical methods with you. First, I listen to short English stories or news every morning for thirty minutes. They are slow and easy to follow, and I can understand most words. Second, I watch English cartoons or short videos without Chinese subtitles (字幕). The pictures can help me get the meaning even if I miss some words. Third, I talk with my classmates in English after class and listen carefully to what they say. It not only improves my listening but also improves my speaking. These methods work well for me. You can have a try. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 1. What is Amy’s trouble? A. She is very poor at listening. B. She is afraid of English exams. C. She has little time to learn English. D. She finds it hard to make new friends. 2. Which word can describe Amy’s feeling when she writes the post? A. Lonely. B. Worried. C. Proud. D. Excited. 3. How did Tom help Amy? A. He told her some practical methods. B. He asked her to spend more time on reading. C. He said listening was not important for the exam. D. He advised her to practise English speaking every day. 4. What helps Tom understand videos without Chinese subtitles? A. Easy new words. B. The pictures in videos. C. His classmates’ help. D. Short English stories. 5. In which section of the website can we find the text? A. School News. B. Exam Skills. C. Movie Reviews. D. English Learning. B Archimedes saw a boy trying to lift a heavy rock. The boy pushed hard but could not move it. He was tired and sad. Archimedes walked over and said, “I can help you, but I need your help too. Will you listen to me?” The boy nodded excitedly. Archimedes found a long wooden plank (木板) and a big, heavy stone (石头). He put one end of the plank under the rock. Then he placed the stone under the plank. The heavy stone would be the support point. Next, Archimedes stood at the other end of the plank. He said to the boy, “Please stand beside the plank and keep it from sliding (滑) to the side while I push down. That is very important.” Then, Archimedes pushed down hard on the end of the plank. Because the support point was close to the rock but far from him, the rock rose up easily. The boy could not believe his eyes. “How did you do that?” the boy asked. Archimedes smiled and explained, “A lever (杠杆) can help make our force stronger. When I push down over a long distance, the other end gets a much bigger force. The nearer the support point is to the rock, the less effort we need. This is a useful rule of physics.” The boy understood and said, “So with the right tool and a clever method, hard work can become easy!” Archimedes said, “Now you try.” The boy did the same and lifted the rock without trouble. He felt very proud. News of this clever trick spread around the town. Soon, many people used levers to move heavy stones, carry water, and build houses. They all thanked Archimedes for showing them such a helpful tool. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 6. Why was the boy sad at first? A. He hurt his hands when playing. B. He failed to lift a heavy rock. C. Archimedes refused to help him. D. He could not find a wooden plank. 7. What served as the support point in Archimedes’ experiment? A. Archimedes’ legs. B. A big heavy stone. C. One end of the long wooden plank. D. The heavy rock the boy wanted to lift. 8. Which of the following shows how Archimedes lifted the rock? A. B. C. D. 9. What can we know about Archimedes from the story? A. He spent much time playing outside. B. He preferred to work alone without help. C. He was clever and loved to help others. D. He learned the secret of the lever from a town boy. 10. Which can be the proper title for the text? A. A Boy’s Hard Work B. A Special Stone C. The Use of the Right Tools D. The Power of the Lever C Have you ever thought about where the vegetables on your dinner table come from? For a long time, farming meant hard work in big, open fields under the hot sun. Farmers looked to the sky for help. They wanted enough rain to make their plants grow, but not so much that the fields would be flooded. Now in many villages, a new kind of farm is helping people live better lives. This is a modern farm. The farmers there use clever ideas and technologies to grow food in a new way. One of the most important things on this modern farm is the greenhouse. Imagine a very long house made of glass or clear plastic. That’s a greenhouse! It’s a special home just for plants. Inside, the temperature is always just right for them. It stays warm even when it’s cold or windy outside. The greenhouse protects the plants and helps them grow strong and healthy all year round. In these greenhouses, farmers grow rows of green cabbages and red tomatoes. But the vegetables are not the only things growing here. Next to the greenhouses, you will see some big ponds (池塘). These ponds are another part of the modern farm. They are built to raise healthy fish. Farmers use special tools to adjust the water conditions in the ponds, so the water is always clean and just right for the fish to live and grow. This new way of farming is wonderful for many reasons. It helps farmers grow a lot more healthy produce (农产品) than before. Farmers work in their own villages to make a good living. They don’t have to move to faraway cities for work. They can stay in their villages and take good care of their family. This is how modern farms are building a happier future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 11. What did farmers depend on in the old-time farming according to the text? A. Greenhouses. B. The weather. C. Their experience. D. Useful tools. 12. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. The greenhouse helps plants grow well. B. The greenhouse keeps a right temperature. C. The greenhouse is made of glass or plastic. D. The greenhouse grows different kinds of vegetables. 13. What does the underlined word “adjust” probably mean in the text? A. control B. check C. sort D. break 14. What’s the structure of the text? (P1=Paragraph 1, ... ) A. B. C. D. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To tell us that farming is always difficult and tiring. B. To show that vegetables are more important than fish. C. To teach people how to build a greenhouse step by step. D. To explain how modern farming helps farmers live a better life. D Human language allows us to learn new words for things we’ve never seen. For example, we can use context clues (语境线索) in conversations to work out a new word’s meaning. ____16____ And what makes it possible? Here’s some research that can explain more. Some researchers tested 134 babies, 67 each at 12 months and 15 months. ____17____ First, the researchers showed the babies some words they could understand. They also showed a picture of the object that each word referred to (所指) (apples, bananas, grapes). Next, the babies heard a new word “kumquat”, but they couldn’t see the picture of the kumquat. Finally, the researchers showed two pictures (a kumquat and a whisk) to the babies. ____18____ During the test, 12-month-olds and 15-month-olds acted differently. 12-month-olds just looked at both pictures and didn’t know which one was the kumquat. They couldn’t understand the familiar words well enough in the context. So, they couldn’t form an idea of the new word’s meaning. ____19____ Although they had never seen the two objects before, 15-month-olds still used the context clues to work out the meaning of the new word (kumquat). We can learn a lot from the research. Even babies can learn from the language they hear. They can do it even if they never see the objects or hear their names. However, very young babies are not able to guess the meaning of new words. ____20____ They can use context clues better. This is a great ability for them. The ability will support their later learning. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。 A. The test was set in a three-part task. B. But how early does this ability develop? C. By 15 months, babies can understand more. D. 15-month-olds looked longer at the fruit than the tool. E. At the same time, they asked the babies, “Which one is the kumquat?” 三、完形填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 Amelia Earhart was a famous pilot in American history. To most American people, Earhart was one of the most ____21____ people in their minds. Here are some stories that can show her ____22____ spirit. When the 21-year-old lady was ____23____ an air show in Canada in 1918, an accident happened. A plane ____24____ flew right toward her. Instead of running away, she faced the plane without ____25____. After the accident, a man asked her, “Why didn’t you run away at that time?” Earhart answered with a ____26____, “Because I was not afraid of it.” That wasn’t the only brave thing Earhart did. During World War I, she volunteered to treat the ____27____ soldiers in Canada. There were some pilot practice fields near the hospital where she worked. She soon ____28____ her interest in flying. After taking her first ____29____, she fell in love with flying and decided to become a pilot. In 1923, she ____30____ all the flying tasks and got the license (执照). In the 1920s, most pilots were men. Earhart thought, “Why is it ____31____ for women to become pilots? I don’t believe it. I want to ____32____ this situation.” In 1931 she became the first president of the Ninety-Nines, an organization of women pilots. In 1935, Earhart became the first woman to fly alone across both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Between 1930 and 1935, Earhart set at least five women’s flying ____33____. But Earhart was not satisfied (满足的). She wanted to try a harder challenge. On June 1st, 1937, she and Fred Noonan ____34____ from Florida. They set out to fly 29,000 miles around the world. By June 29th, they had covered most of the journey, with only 7,000 miles left. They kept flying for the next few days. On July 2nd, ____35____ they were heading toward Howland Island, something bad happened. After that day, no one ever saw them again. 21. A. outgoing B. honest C. lucky D. admirable 22. A. careful B. serious C. brave D. smart 23. A. attending B. testing C. missing D. performing 24. A. secretly B. suddenly C. really D. simply 25. A. trouble B. courage C. fear D. effort 26. A. cry B. shock C. shake D. smile 27. A. young B. strong C. tired D. wounded 28. A. discovered B. spread C. created D. forgot 29. A. description B. flight C. experience D. experiment 30. A. failed B. accepted C. completed D. missed 31. A. important B. necessary C. fantastic D. impossible 32. A. remind B. remember C. review D. change 33. A. notes B. records C. marks D. signs 34. A. took away B. took down C. took off D. took up 35. A. as B. since C. if D. until 四、语篇填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 great with go connect relax but hour large speed they High-speed trains are now an important part of life in China. China has built the world’s ____36____ high-speed railway network. These trains have ____37____ changed the way people travel across the country. The Fuxing Hao, one of the fastest train models (车型) in China, can run at a ____38____ of 350 kilometers per hour. This means a trip from Beijing to Zhengzhou, which is about 690 kilometers, takes only about two ____39____. That’s much faster than driving or even taking a plane if you include the time that people spend ____40____ to and from the airport. Travelling on a high-speed train is not only fast ____41____ also very comfortable. The carriages (车厢) are clean and modern. The seats are big and soft, with plenty of room for your legs. Passengers can enjoy free WiFi, watch movies, or just ____42____ and enjoy the scenery outside the window. The tickets can be easily booked online ____43____ a smartphone. Passengers can even use ____44____ ID cards to board (登上) the train without a paper ticket. The development of the high-speed railway has ____45____ big cities and small towns. It is truly a shining example of China’s progress in science and technology. 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词。 Important moments of Michael Faraday In 1791: He was born in England on September 22. His family was not rich. There were four children in his family, and Michael was ____46____ third one. In 1804: He had a chance to work as an apprentice (学徒) for a local bookseller. This working experience lasted ____47____ seven years. During the years, he read many books. He became very interested in science, especially electricity. In 1812: One day, he went to a lecture given by a famous chemist named Humphry Davy. The lecture ____48____ so wonderful that Michael could not forget it. In 1813: Davy had an accident that hurt his eyesight. Davy asked him ____49____ he wanted to work as his helper. Michael agreed and said, “It is great ____50____ work for Davy and learn from him.” In 1824: He became a member of the Royal Society, a very important group of scientists. In 1867: He passed away on August 25. Yet his work did not end there. People still remember him as one of the greatest scientists of all time. 五、补全对话 (5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Li Hua and Daming are having a chat at the moment. ) A: Hi, Li Hua. ____________51____________? B: I’m enjoying the photos I took last week. I went back to my hometown, Linzhou, and took a lot of photos there. A: ____________52____________? B: Sure. Here you are. A: I have been to Linzhou before, but it looks so different from the past. B: Yes. ____________53____________. A: What’s the biggest change? B: I think the biggest change is water. People have more water to use now. A: Really? ____________54____________? B: Yes, it was a big problem. People didn’t have enough water. But now they do. A: What other changes are there? B: Actually, there are a lot of changes. The environment is much better now. There are more parks and green fields. A: That’s great.____________55____________. B: Thanks. I hope so, too. 六、书面表达 (20分) 56. 榜样，是奋进路上闪亮的坐标，为我们照亮前行的方向。假设你是李华，你校英语俱乐部正在举办以“An Inspiring Person Around Me”为题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据下面提示和要求，写一篇演讲稿，积极参与活动。 提示：(1) Who is the inspiring person around you? (2) Why do you think he or she is inspiring? (3) What have you learned from him or her? 要求：(1) 短文须包含提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥； (2) 短文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； (3) 词数100左右 (已给出部分不计入总词数)。 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening! 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 九年级英语基础过关 (RJ) 注意事项：共8页，六个大题，满分120分，时间100分钟。 一、听力理解 (20小题，每小题1分，共20分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话读两遍。 1. How is the man going to return to his hometown? A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane. 2. How long has the man been away from his hometown? A. For two years. B. For five years. C. For six years. 3. What subject is Mike good at? A. Chemistry. B. Math. C. Physics. 4. Whom did Daming go to Puyang with? A. His uncle. B. His father. C. His mother. 5. When did Marie Curie win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry? A. In 1903. B. In 1911. C. In 1921. 第二节 听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答两个小题。 6. What did they often buy at the old shops after school? A. Storybooks. B. Fruit. C. Ice cream. 7. What does Li Xin think of these changes? A. Wonderful. B. Surprising. C. Important. 听下面一段对话，回答两个小题。 8. What does the girl have trouble with in English? A. Spelling. B. Grammar. C. Pronunciation. 9. What does the boy plan to do? A. Read more English books. B. Speak English more. C. Keep an English diary. 听下面一段独白，回答三个小题。 10. When will the speech finish this Sunday? A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 5:00 p.m. 11. What is Mr. Zhang? A. A famous writer. B. A Chinese professor. C. A library worker. 12. What will Mr. Zhang talk about first? A. Pinyin. B. Sentences. C. Articles. 听下面一段对话，回答三个小题。 13. Who is Lily’s hero? A. Alan Turing. B. Zhan Tianyou. C. Norman Bethune. 14. Where is Wang Wei’s hero from? A. The US. B. China. C. Canada. 15. What did Wang Wei’s hero do in China? A. He set up hospitals. B. He worked as a nurse. C. He got training as a doctor. 第三节 你将听到一则关于家乡的报道。请用你所听到的内容，填写表格中所缺单词，每空限填一个单词或数字。短文读两遍。 Changes in Moonlight Town Past People used to live in old houses. People bought ________ things from small shops. The environment used to be terrible, and there was rubbish everywhere. There were only ________ bus lines that people could choose from. Present Most people live in clean and big ________. There are different kinds of shops and supermarkets on ________ streets. The ________ has taken action to improve the environment. Buses, taxis and subways make traveling easy and fast. 二、阅读理解 (20小题，每小题2分，共40分) 阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。 A Do you have any good methods to improve English listening? By Amy, April 17th, 8:00 a.m. Hello, guys! My English exam is coming soon, and my listening is always the worst part. I spend a lot of time on it, but I make little progress. I feel really upset now. Maybe some of you have easy and useful methods to improve English listening in life. It would be great if you could share your methods with me. I really hope to get your helpful advice! Re: Do you have any good methods to improve English listening? By Tom, April 17th, 8:20 p.m. Hi, Amy! Don’t worry. English listening can get better with the right methods and more practice. I’d like to share my three practical methods with you. First, I listen to short English stories or news every morning for thirty minutes. They are slow and easy to follow, and I can understand most words. Second, I watch English cartoons or short videos without Chinese subtitles (字幕). The pictures can help me get the meaning even if I miss some words. Third, I talk with my classmates in English after class and listen carefully to what they say. It not only improves my listening but also improves my speaking. These methods work well for me. You can have a try. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 1. What is Amy’s trouble? A. She is very poor at listening. B. She is afraid of English exams. C. She has little time to learn English. D. She finds it hard to make new friends. 2. Which word can describe Amy’s feeling when she writes the post? A. Lonely. B. Worried. C. Proud. D. Excited. 3. How did Tom help Amy? A. He told her some practical methods. B. He asked her to spend more time on reading. C. He said listening was not important for the exam. D. He advised her to practise English speaking every day. 4. What helps Tom understand videos without Chinese subtitles? A. Easy new words. B. The pictures in videos. C. His classmates’ help. D. Short English stories. 5. In which section of the website can we find the text? A. School News. B. Exam Skills. C. Movie Reviews. D. English Learning. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是英语学习论坛上的两篇互动帖子。Amy因英语听力薄弱、付出时间练习却进步很小，发帖征求提升英语听力的实用方法；Tom在回帖中分享了三个实用的英语听力提升方法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Amy的发帖段落中“my listening is always the worst part”可知，Amy的困扰是英语听力很差。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Amy的发帖段落中“My English exam is coming soon, and my listening is always the worst part. I spend a lot of time on it, but I make little progress. I feel really upset now.”可推知，Amy发帖时处于担忧、焦虑的状态。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Tom的回帖段落中“I’d like to share my three practical methods with you.”可知，Tom通过分享实用的听力学习方法来帮助Amy。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Tom的回帖段落中“The pictures can help me get the meaning even if I miss some words.”可知，视频里的画面能帮助Tom理解没有中文字幕的视频内容。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。结合全文围绕“提升英语听力的方法”展开的内容，可推知这类文本会出现在网站的英语学习板块。 B Archimedes saw a boy trying to lift a heavy rock. The boy pushed hard but could not move it. He was tired and sad. Archimedes walked over and said, “I can help you, but I need your help too. Will you listen to me?” The boy nodded excitedly. Archimedes found a long wooden plank (木板) and a big, heavy stone (石头). He put one end of the plank under the rock. Then he placed the stone under the plank. The heavy stone would be the support point. Next, Archimedes stood at the other end of the plank. He said to the boy, “Please stand beside the plank and keep it from sliding (滑) to the side while I push down. That is very important.” Then, Archimedes pushed down hard on the end of the plank. Because the support point was close to the rock but far from him, the rock rose up easily. The boy could not believe his eyes. “How did you do that?” the boy asked. Archimedes smiled and explained, “A lever (杠杆) can help make our force stronger. When I push down over a long distance, the other end gets a much bigger force. The nearer the support point is to the rock, the less effort we need. This is a useful rule of physics.” The boy understood and said, “So with the right tool and a clever method, hard work can become easy!” Archimedes said, “Now you try.” The boy did the same and lifted the rock without trouble. He felt very proud. News of this clever trick spread around the town. Soon, many people used levers to move heavy stones, carry water, and build houses. They all thanked Archimedes for showing them such a helpful tool. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 6. Why was the boy sad at first? A. He hurt his hands when playing. B. He failed to lift a heavy rock. C. Archimedes refused to help him. D. He could not find a wooden plank. 7. What served as the support point in Archimedes’ experiment? A. Archimedes’ legs. B. A big heavy stone. C. One end of the long wooden plank. D. The heavy rock the boy wanted to lift. 8. Which of the following shows how Archimedes lifted the rock? A. B. C. D. 9. What can we know about Archimedes from the story? A. He spent much time playing outside. B. He preferred to work alone without help. C. He was clever and loved to help others. D. He learned the secret of the lever from a town boy. 10. Which can be the proper title for the text? A. A Boy’s Hard Work B. A Special Stone C. The Use of the Right Tools D. The Power of the Lever 【答案】6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了阿基米德运用杠杆原理帮助男孩抬起重石头，并向人们普及杠杆的使用方法，让大家学会用杠杆省力完成繁重工作的故事。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Archimedes saw a boy trying to lift a heavy rock. The boy pushed hard but could not move it. He was tired and sad.”可知，男孩一开始难过是因为他没能抬起重石头。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Then he placed the stone under the plank. The heavy stone would be the support point.”可知，一块又大又重的石头充当了阿基米德实验中的支点。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第4-6段“He put one end of the plank under the rock. Then he placed the stone under the plank. The heavy stone would be the support point...Archimedes pushed down hard on the end of the plank. Because the support point was close to the rock but far from him, the rock rose up easily.”可知，杠杆支点靠近岩石，在杠杆另一端向下施力即可抬起岩石，与选项C的图示匹配。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中阿基米德主动帮助男孩解决抬石头的难题，还将杠杆原理分享给全镇人，可推知阿基米德聪明且乐于助人。 【10题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕杠杆展开，讲述了杠杆的原理与实际用处，展现了杠杆的作用，“The Power of the Lever”最能概括全文核心内容，为最佳标题。 C Have you ever thought about where the vegetables on your dinner table come from? For a long time, farming meant hard work in big, open fields under the hot sun. Farmers looked to the sky for help. They wanted enough rain to make their plants grow, but not so much that the fields would be flooded. Now in many villages, a new kind of farm is helping people live better lives. This is a modern farm. The farmers there use clever ideas and technologies to grow food in a new way. One of the most important things on this modern farm is the greenhouse. Imagine a very long house made of glass or clear plastic. That’s a greenhouse! It’s a special home just for plants. Inside, the temperature is always just right for them. It stays warm even when it’s cold or windy outside. The greenhouse protects the plants and helps them grow strong and healthy all year round. In these greenhouses, farmers grow rows of green cabbages and red tomatoes. But the vegetables are not the only things growing here. Next to the greenhouses, you will see some big ponds (池塘). These ponds are another part of the modern farm. They are built to raise healthy fish. Farmers use special tools to adjust the water conditions in the ponds, so the water is always clean and just right for the fish to live and grow. This new way of farming is wonderful for many reasons. It helps farmers grow a lot more healthy produce (农产品) than before. Farmers work in their own villages to make a good living. They don’t have to move to faraway cities for work. They can stay in their villages and take good care of their family. This is how modern farms are building a happier future. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 11. What did farmers depend on in the old-time farming according to the text? A. Greenhouses. B. The weather. C. Their experience. D. Useful tools. 12. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3? A. The greenhouse helps plants grow well. B. The greenhouse keeps a right temperature. C. The greenhouse is made of glass or plastic. D. The greenhouse grows different kinds of vegetables. 13. What does the underlined word “adjust” probably mean in the text? A. control B. check C. sort D. break 14. What’s the structure of the text? (P1=Paragraph 1, ... ) A. B. C. D. 15. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To tell us that farming is always difficult and tiring. B. To show that vegetables are more important than fish. C. To teach people how to build a greenhouse step by step. D. To explain how modern farming helps farmers live a better life. 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了传统农业依赖天气的特点，接着引出新型现代农场，分别介绍了农场中的温室和鱼塘两大核心设施，最后说明了现代农场的多重优势，指出其能帮助农民过上更好的生活，构建更幸福的乡村未来。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Farmers looked to the sky for help. They wanted enough rain to make their plants grow, but not so much that the fields would be flooded.”可知，旧时代的农民依靠降雨等天气条件开展农业生产，因此旧时农业依赖天气。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“One of the most important things on this modern farm is the greenhouse... The greenhouse protects the plants and helps them grow strong and healthy all year round.”可知，本段围绕温室展开介绍，核心内容是温室能够为植物提供适宜的环境，帮助植物良好生长，这是本段的主旨。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Farmers use special tools to adjust the water conditions in the ponds, so the water is always clean and just right for the fish to live and grow.”可知，农民使用工具后，池塘的水始终保持干净、适合鱼类生存生长，由此可推断adjust的含义是“调节、控制”，与control词义相近。 【14题详解】 篇章结构题。梳理全文段落逻辑：第一段介绍传统农业的特点，作为背景铺垫引出农业话题；第二段总述现代农场的出现与核心特点；第三、四段分别介绍现代农场的温室和鱼塘两大组成部分，二者为并列的分述内容；第五段总结现代农场的优势，点明全文主旨。因此文章结构为P1→P2→P3、P4并列→P5，对应选项C的结构。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Now in many villages, a new kind of farm is helping people live better lives.”以及最后一段“This new way of farming is wonderful for many reasons...This is how modern farms are building a happier future.”可知，全文围绕现代农场展开，介绍其设施与作用，核心目的是说明现代农场如何帮助农民过上更好的生活。 D Human language allows us to learn new words for things we’ve never seen. For example, we can use context clues (语境线索) in conversations to work out a new word’s meaning. ____16____ And what makes it possible? Here’s some research that can explain more. Some researchers tested 134 babies, 67 each at 12 months and 15 months. ____17____ First, the researchers showed the babies some words they could understand. They also showed a picture of the object that each word referred to (所指) (apples, bananas, grapes). Next, the babies heard a new word “kumquat”, but they couldn’t see the picture of the kumquat. Finally, the researchers showed two pictures (a kumquat and a whisk) to the babies. ____18____ During the test, 12-month-olds and 15-month-olds acted differently. 12-month-olds just looked at both pictures and didn’t know which one was the kumquat. They couldn’t understand the familiar words well enough in the context. So, they couldn’t form an idea of the new word’s meaning. ____19____ Although they had never seen the two objects before, 15-month-olds still used the context clues to work out the meaning of the new word (kumquat). We can learn a lot from the research. Even babies can learn from the language they hear. They can do it even if they never see the objects or hear their names. However, very young babies are not able to guess the meaning of new words. ____20____ They can use context clues better. This is a great ability for them. The ability will support their later learning. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。 A. The test was set in a three-part task. B. But how early does this ability develop? C. By 15 months, babies can understand more. D. 15-month-olds looked longer at the fruit than the tool. E. At the same time, they asked the babies, “Which one is the kumquat?” 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一项婴儿借助语境线索猜测生词含义的研究，对比了12个月大和15个月大婴儿在实验中的不同表现，探究这种语言理解能力的最早发展时间。 【16题详解】 前文提到人能借助语境线索推断生词含义，后文引出相关研究。B选项 “But how early does this ability develop?”起到承上启下，引出下文实验，故选B。 【17题详解】 后文用First、Next、Finally介绍实验的三步流程。A选项“The test was set in a three-part task.”总起实验步骤，故选A。 【18题详解】 前文说研究者给婴儿展示两张图片（金桔和搅拌器）。E选项“At the same time, they asked the babies, ‘Which one is the kumquat?’”承接上文实验操作，故选E。 【19题详解】 本段对比两组婴儿的表现，前面说12个月大的婴儿无法判断，D选项 “15-month-olds looked longer at the fruit than the tool.”，描述15月龄婴儿的行为表现，故选D。 【20题详解】 前文说明很小的婴儿无法猜测生词含义，后文写他们能更好利用语境线索。C选项“By 15 months, babies can understand more.”衔接上下文，故选C。 三、完形填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 Amelia Earhart was a famous pilot in American history. To most American people, Earhart was one of the most ____21____ people in their minds. Here are some stories that can show her ____22____ spirit. When the 21-year-old lady was ____23____ an air show in Canada in 1918, an accident happened. A plane ____24____ flew right toward her. Instead of running away, she faced the plane without ____25____. After the accident, a man asked her, “Why didn’t you run away at that time?” Earhart answered with a ____26____, “Because I was not afraid of it.” That wasn’t the only brave thing Earhart did. During World War I, she volunteered to treat the ____27____ soldiers in Canada. There were some pilot practice fields near the hospital where she worked. She soon ____28____ her interest in flying. After taking her first ____29____, she fell in love with flying and decided to become a pilot. In 1923, she ____30____ all the flying tasks and got the license (执照). In the 1920s, most pilots were men. Earhart thought, “Why is it ____31____ for women to become pilots? I don’t believe it. I want to ____32____ this situation.” In 1931 she became the first president of the Ninety-Nines, an organization of women pilots. In 1935, Earhart became the first woman to fly alone across both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Between 1930 and 1935, Earhart set at least five women’s flying ____33____. But Earhart was not satisfied (满足的). She wanted to try a harder challenge. On June 1st, 1937, she and Fred Noonan ____34____ from Florida. They set out to fly 29,000 miles around the world. By June 29th, they had covered most of the journey, with only 7,000 miles left. They kept flying for the next few days. On July 2nd, ____35____ they were heading toward Howland Island, something bad happened. After that day, no one ever saw them again. 21. A. outgoing B. honest C. lucky D. admirable 22. A. careful B. serious C. brave D. smart 23. A. attending B. testing C. missing D. performing 24. A. secretly B. suddenly C. really D. simply 25. A. trouble B. courage C. fear D. effort 26. A. cry B. shock C. shake D. smile 27. A. young B. strong C. tired D. wounded 28. A. discovered B. spread C. created D. forgot 29. A. description B. flight C. experience D. experiment 30. A. failed B. accepted C. completed D. missed 31. A. important B. necessary C. fantastic D. impossible 32. A. remind B. remember C. review D. change 33. A. notes B. records C. marks D. signs 34. A. took away B. took down C. took off D. took up 35. A. as B. since C. if D. until 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国著名女飞行员阿梅莉亚·埃尔哈特的故事。她勇敢无畏，打破了女性不能成为飞行员的偏见，创下多项飞行纪录，但在一次环球飞行中不幸失踪。 【21题详解】 句意：对大多数美国人来说，埃尔哈特是他们心目中最令人钦佩的人之一。 根据前文“famous pilot（著名飞行员）”以及后文讲述她的勇敢事迹，可知她在人们心中是 “令人钦佩的”，admirable符合；outgoing“外向的” 文中未体现性格相关、honest“诚实的” 未涉及相关情节、lucky“幸运的” 她靠自身努力而非运气，均不符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：这里有一些故事可以展示她勇敢的精神。 后文提到“Instead of running away, she faced the plane...（她没有逃跑，而是直面飞机……）”，体现了她的 “勇敢”，brave符合；careful无相关情节、serious未体现该特质、smart未提及聪明事例，均不符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：1918年，当这位21岁的女士在加拿大观看一场航空展时，发生了一场事故。 结合语境，她是作为观众 “参加” 航空展，attending“参加（活动、展览等）”符合；testing搭配不当、missing逻辑矛盾（错过就不会在展上出事）、performing她并非表演者，均不符合语境。 【24题详解】 句意：一架飞机突然径直朝她飞来。 事故是突发状况，飞机是 “突然” 朝她飞来，suddenly“突然地”符合；secretly不符合意外场景、really语义不通、simply表意不明，均不符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：她没有逃跑，而是毫无恐惧地面对飞机。 后文她说“Because I was not afraid of it.（因为我不害怕它。）”，说明她直面飞机时没有 “恐惧”，fear“恐惧”符合；trouble和心理状态无关、courage语义相反（她是有勇气的）、effort不相关，均不符合语境。 【26题详解】 句意：埃尔哈特微笑着回答：“因为我不害怕它。” 她不害怕危险，回答时应该是带着 “微笑”，smile“微笑”符合；cry和淡定的语气不符、shock和不害怕的状态矛盾、shake是害怕的表现，均不符合语境。 【27题详解】 句意：在第一次世界大战期间，她自愿在加拿大治疗受伤的士兵。 结合“volunteered to treat（自愿照顾）” 和战争背景，应该是照顾 “受伤的” 士兵，wounded符合；young不是照顾的核心原因、strong无需特别照顾、tired不一定是医疗照顾对象，均不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：她很快发现了自己对飞行的兴趣。 医院附近有飞行员练习场，她在那里 “发现” 了自己对飞行的兴趣，discovered“发现”符合；spread搭配不当、created兴趣不能被创造、forgot和后文爱上飞行矛盾，均不符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：在进行了第一次飞行之后，她爱上了飞行并决定成为一名飞行员。 结合“fell in love with flying（爱上飞行）”，应该是第一次 “飞行” 之后，flight“飞行”符合；description搭配错误且无关、experience搭配不当且太宽泛、experiment和飞行情境不符，均不符合语境。 【30题详解】 句意：1923年，她完成了所有的飞行任务并获得了执照。 获得飞行执照的前提是 “完成” 所有飞行任务，completed“完成”符合；failed和获得执照矛盾、accepted和获得执照无直接因果、missed也无法获得执照，均不符合语境。 【31题详解】 句意：埃尔哈特想：“为什么女性不可能成为飞行员？我不相信。” 20世纪20年代大多数飞行员是男性，她认为女性成为飞行员并非 “不可能”，impossible“不可能的”符合；important质疑点不对、necessary讨论方向错误、fantastic和质疑无关，均不符合语境。 【32题详解】 句意：我想改变这种状况。 她不相信女性不能成为飞行员，所以想要 “改变” 这种状况，change“改变”符合；remind搭配错误且无法改变现状、remember不能改变现状、review语义不通，均不符合语境。 【33题详解】 句意：在1930年到1935年间，埃尔哈特创下了至少五项女性飞行记录。 “set records”是固定搭配，意为 “创造记录”，records“记录”符合；notes创造笔记不符合语境、marks语义不明、signs创造标志不符合语境，均不符合语境。 【34题详解】 句意：1937年6月1日，她和弗雷德·努南从佛罗里达起飞。 结合“fly around the world（环球飞行）”，应该是飞机 “起飞”，took off“起飞”符合；took away语义不通、took down和飞行动作无关、took up不能表示起飞，均不符合语境。 【35题详解】 句意：7月2日，当他们正飞往豪兰岛时，发生了不好的事情。 “as”引导时间状语从句，意为 “当……时”，as符合 “他们正飞往豪兰岛时发生不幸” 的语境，since时态和逻辑不符、if不是假设情况、until语义错误，均不符合语境。 四、语篇填空 (15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 great with go connect relax but hour large speed they High-speed trains are now an important part of life in China. China has built the world’s ____36____ high-speed railway network. These trains have ____37____ changed the way people travel across the country. The Fuxing Hao, one of the fastest train models (车型) in China, can run at a ____38____ of 350 kilometers per hour. This means a trip from Beijing to Zhengzhou, which is about 690 kilometers, takes only about two ____39____. That’s much faster than driving or even taking a plane if you include the time that people spend ____40____ to and from the airport. Travelling on a high-speed train is not only fast ____41____ also very comfortable. The carriages (车厢) are clean and modern. The seats are big and soft, with plenty of room for your legs. Passengers can enjoy free WiFi, watch movies, or just ____42____ and enjoy the scenery outside the window. The tickets can be easily booked online ____43____ a smartphone. Passengers can even use ____44____ ID cards to board (登上) the train without a paper ticket. The development of the high-speed railway has ____45____ big cities and small towns. It is truly a shining example of China’s progress in science and technology. 【答案】36. largest 37. greatly 38. speed 39. hours 40. going 41. but 42. relax 43. with 44. their 45. connected 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国高速铁路的发展及其带来的便利，包括其惊人的速度、舒适的乘车环境、便捷的购票方式，以及高铁在连接大城市和小城镇方面所起的巨大作用。 【36题详解】 句意：中国建成了世界上最大的高速铁路网。分析句子，此处需要一个形容词的最高级，修饰名词“high-speed railway network”，表示“最大的”，“large”的最高级为“largest”。 【37题详解】 句意：这些列车极大地改变了人们在全国各地旅行的方式。根据“changed the way people travel”可知，此处需要一个副词，修饰动词“changed”，表示“极大地”。“great”的副词形式为“greatly”，强调改变的程度。 【38题详解】 句意：复兴号是中国最快的列车车型之一，运行时速可达350公里。根据“of 350 kilometers per hour”可知，此处需要一个名词，作介词at的宾语，表示“速度”。“speed”意为“速度”，符合语境。 【39题详解】 句意：这意味着从北京到郑州的旅行，约690公里，只需大约两个小时。根据“two...”可知，此处需要一个名词，表示“小时”。two后接复数形式“hours”。 【40题详解】 句意：如果你把人们花在去机场和从机场回来的时间也算进去的话，这比开车甚至乘飞机都要快得多。根据“to and from the airport”可知，此处需要一个动名词，作动词spend的宾语，表示“去机场”。“going”意为“去”，符合语境。 【41题详解】 句意：乘坐高铁的旅程不仅速度快，而且非常舒适。固定搭配“not only...but also...”表示“不仅……而且……”，“but”符合语境。 【42题详解】 句意：乘客可以享受免费WiFi、看电影，或者只是放松一下，欣赏窗外的风景。此处需要一个动词原形，与“watch movies”和“enjoy the scenery”并列，表示“放松”。“relax”意为“放松”，符合语境。 【43题详解】 句意：车票也可以方便地在线使用智能手机预订。此处需要一个介词，表示“使用”。根据“a smartphone”可知，“with”意为“使用”，符合语境。 【44题详解】 句意：乘客甚至可以使用他们的身份证登车，而无需纸质车票。根据“ ID cards ”可知，此处需要一个形容词性物主代词，修饰名词短语“ID cards”，表示“他们的”。“their”意为“他们的”，符合语境。故填their。 【45题详解】 句意：高速铁路的发展连接了大城市和小城镇。此处需要一个动词的过去分词，与“has”构成现在完成时。根据“big cities and small towns”可知，高速铁路连接了大城市和小城镇，“connected”意为“连接”，符合语境。 第二节 阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词。 Important moments of Michael Faraday In 1791: He was born in England on September 22. His family was not rich. There were four children in his family, and Michael was ____46____ third one. In 1804: He had a chance to work as an apprentice (学徒) for a local bookseller. This working experience lasted ____47____ seven years. During the years, he read many books. He became very interested in science, especially electricity. In 1812: One day, he went to a lecture given by a famous chemist named Humphry Davy. The lecture ____48____ so wonderful that Michael could not forget it. In 1813: Davy had an accident that hurt his eyesight. Davy asked him ____49____ he wanted to work as his helper. Michael agreed and said, “It is great ____50____ work for Davy and learn from him.” In 1824: He became a member of the Royal Society, a very important group of scientists. In 1867: He passed away on August 25. Yet his work did not end there. People still remember him as one of the greatest scientists of all time. 【答案】46. the 47. for 48. was 49. if##whether 50. to 【解析】 【导语】本文主要按照时间顺序讲述了著名科学家迈克尔·法拉第生平的几个重要时刻。 【46题详解】 句意：他家有四个孩子，迈克尔是第三个。设空处后面是序数词third，在英语中，序数词前面通常需要加定冠词the来表示特指。故填the。 【47题详解】 句意：这段工作经历持续了七年。设空处后面是时间段“seven years”，动词last（持续）后接时间段时，通常搭配介词for，表示动作或状态持续了一段时间。故填for。 【48题详解】 句意：这场讲座如此精彩，以至于迈克尔无法忘记它。设空处在句中作谓语，主语The lecture是第三人称单数，且根据语境“In 1812”可知，事情发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时，系动词需用was。故填was。 【49题详解】 句意：戴维问他是否想作为他的助手工作。设空处引导的是一个宾语从句，根据主句谓语动词asked（询问）以及语境可知，此处表达“是否”的含义，应用连词if或whether来引导。故填if/whether。 【50题详解】 句意：为戴维工作并向他学习真是太棒了。此处考查固定句型“It is+adj.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填to。 五、补全对话 (5小题，每小题2分，共10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Li Hua and Daming are having a chat at the moment. ) A: Hi, Li Hua. ____________51____________? B: I’m enjoying the photos I took last week. I went back to my hometown, Linzhou, and took a lot of photos there. A: ____________52____________? B: Sure. Here you are. A: I have been to Linzhou before, but it looks so different from the past. B: Yes. ____________53____________. A: What’s the biggest change? B: I think the biggest change is water. People have more water to use now. A: Really? ____________54____________? B: Yes, it was a big problem. People didn’t have enough water. But now they do. A: What other changes are there? B: Actually, there are a lot of changes. The environment is much better now. There are more parks and green fields. A: That’s great.____________55____________. B: Thanks. I hope so, too. 【答案】51. What are you doing/What are you looking at/... 52. Can I have a look/May I see them/… 53. Great changes have taken place/It has changed a lot/... 54. Was water a big problem before/Did you have little water in the past/Did you use to have a problem with water shortage/… 55. I hope your hometown will become even better/I hope your hometown will keep improving/I wish your hometown could be more beautiful/... 【解析】 【导语】本文是Li Hua和Daming之间的一段对话，主要讨论了Li Hua家乡林州发生的巨大变化，包括水资源和环境等方面。 【51题详解】 根据“I’m enjoying the photos I took last week.”可推知上文询问正在做什么。故填What are you doing/What are you looking at/...。 【52题详解】 根据“Sure. Here you are.”可推知上文请求看照片。故填Can I have a look/May I see them/…。 【53题详解】 根据“I have been to Linzhou before, but it looks so different from the past.”及“Yes.”可推知此处确认变化很大。故填Great changes have taken place/It has changed a lot/...。 【54题详解】 根据“Yes, it was a big problem. People didn’t have enough water.”可推知上文询问过去是否缺水。故填Was water a big problem before/Did you have little water in the past/Did you use to have a problem with water shortage/…。 【55题详解】 根据“Thanks. I hope so, too.”可推知上文表达了美好祝愿。故填I hope your hometown will become even better/I hope your hometown will keep improving/I wish your hometown could be more beautiful/...。 六、书面表达 (20分) 56. 榜样，是奋进路上闪亮的坐标，为我们照亮前行的方向。假设你是李华，你校英语俱乐部正在举办以“An Inspiring Person Around Me”为题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据下面提示和要求，写一篇演讲稿，积极参与活动。 提示：(1) Who is the inspiring person around you? (2) Why do you think he or she is inspiring? (3) What have you learned from him or her? 要求：(1) 短文须包含提示中的所有信息，可适当发挥； (2) 短文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； (3) 词数100左右 (已给出部分不计入总词数)。 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening! 【答案】One possible version: Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. Today, I want to talk about the inspiring person around me—my math teacher, Mr. Chen. He is inspiring because of his strong spirit. Last year, Mr. Chen had a serious illness, but he never missed a class. Every day, he came to school with a big smile. It was not easy for him to stand for a long time, yet he still wrote on the blackboard with great energy. His strong will has inspired all of us in the class. From him, I have realized that life is not always easy, but we can choose to be positive. That’s all. Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：演讲稿（应用文），以一般现在时和一般过去时为主（介绍人物现状用现在时，讲述具体事例用过去时）。 明确要点： 谁是你身边鼓舞人心的人（Who）； 为什么认为他/她鼓舞人心（Why）； 你从他/她身上学到了什么（What）。 确定人称：第一人称（I / my）叙述感受，第三人称（He / She / Mr. X）描述人物。 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；词数100左右（开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段（已给出）：问候语 + 自我介绍 + 引出话题（我要谈论的身边榜样）。 主体段： 第一层：具体介绍这位人物是谁，以及他/她为什么鼓舞人心（结合具体事例）。 第二层：阐述从他/她身上学到的品质或道理。 结尾段（已给出）：总结陈词 + 致谢。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：人物身份与鼓舞原因 (Who & Why) 人物选择：my math teacher, Mr. Chen；my best friend, Li Ming；a cleaner in our school… 核心品质：strong spirit；never give up；optimistic attitude；hard-working… 具体事例（Why）： had a serious illness but never missed a class；came to school with a big smile；stood for a long time to write on the blackboard；helped others selflessly… 要点二：学到的道理与感悟 (What have you learned) 直接感悟：learned that a strong mind can get over any difficulty；realized that life is not always easy… 行动指引：choose to be positive；face challenges bravely；work harder than before… 长远影响：his example will stay with me forever；inspire me to move forward… 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $