Unit 2  Looking Into the Future Period I  Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ  Vocabulary & Grammar 课时作业-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 2 Looking Into the Future Period I Reading and Thinking Part Ⅰ Vocabulary & Grammar 单句填空。 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. Maybe this study will ________ (potential) change the way we see the environment and treat it in the future. 2. I am always curious about what the world will be in the ________ (distance) future. 3. The brain is ________ (constant) remembering and forgetting information—and much of this happens automatically during sleep. 4. Since these technologies can improve ________ (efficient) by more than 50%, they have been widely applied to the industrial process in the past few years. 5. Please ensure that all the lights are switched ________ before you leave the classroom. 6. I don’t think what he said is directly relevant ________ the topic we are discussing. 7. People develop a preference ________ a particular style of learning at an early age, which affects learning in their later life. 8. At first he was opposed to the plan, but we managed to persuade him ________ (accept) it. 9. You’d better not phone our manager from three to four this afternoon; he ________ (prepare) for a meeting then. 10. The manager commanded that measures ________ (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing. 单句表达。 根据提示补全句子。 1. 智能手表将持续跟踪相关数据，以便及时发现一些重大疾病。(relevant) Smart watches will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ so as to detect some critical illnesses in time. 2. 从这个意义上说，博物馆的建设应该注重追求质量而不是数量。(sense; attach) ________ ________ ________, the construction of the museums should ________ ________ ________ ________ the quality rather than quantity. 3. 如果树木继续以目前的速度被砍伐，过不了多久就没有树荫了。 If trees continue to be cut down at the present rate, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ there are no trees for shade. 4. 他一进教室，学生们就问了他许多问题。(instant) ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________, the students asked him many questions. 5. 我们有必要利用可获得的数据来预测未来趋势。(available) It’s necessary for us ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ to predict the future trend. 课文改编填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A smart home takes advantage of automation technology and modern building techniques to give homeowners a new level of control. It can make us 1________ (security), save us energy and provide a more comfortable place 2________ (live) in. The smart home offers several advantages. First, it can control all electrical appliances 3________ (automatic), which makes your home more energy‑efficient. The smart system will also learn your daily routine and preferences. When you get home every evening, it will prepare everything for you. For instance, your lights will come on 4________ instant you enter the door. All controls will respond to voice 5________ (command), so if you want to change your routine, you just say your needs aloud. Second, 6________ (monitor) your health for you every day, the smart home can send an earlier 7________ (warn) if there is something abnormal or a critical illness with you. Even it can give you some advice on a healthier diet. What’s more, serious damage from accidents 8________ (prevent) in the smart home. It can detect a short in the electrical wiring or a leak in the water pipe, and then provide you 9________ the relevant information. While many of these new innovations are already available in some homes, it will take several years 10________ most homes use this new technology. 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For better or for worse, the widespread and 1________ (limit) use of drones will affect our lives in different ways. It is certain that as the technology gets more advanced, more drones 2________ (fly) in the sky. 3________ all the wonderful functions that drones perform, they may also cause trouble. Take air traffic for example. When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large 4________ (quantity), the sky will be getting more and more crowded. As a result, they are 5________ (likely) to crash into each other. In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, 6________ (pose) a threat to planes that are taking off or landing. Another risk is 7________ people might take advantage of drones to harm others. For instance, as more people will be using drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge. 8________ (legal) hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals. Such issues must be addressed. The government needs to make laws 9________ (monitor) the production and use of drones. For example, in some countries, 10________ remote pilot licence is required in order to fly a drone for business purposes. At the moment, different countries are developing air traffic control systems that can manage large numbers of drones. Police forces around the world are also looking at ways of stopping drones from flying near airports and stadiums. Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 阅读理解 A Medical artificial intelligence (AI) can perform with expert‑level accuracy and deliver cost‑effective health care. IBM’s Watson diagnoses heart disease better than doctors. Chatbots give better medical advice to patients in place of nurses. Smartphone apps can now detect skin cancer. Some forecast that medical AI will enter most hospitals and replace what quite a few doctors currently do. Yet, as recent research suggests, patients show a strong reluctance to medical AI—a big challenge the health care system will really face. The reason is not the belief that AI provides inferior care. Nor is it that patients think that AI is more costly, less convenient, or less informative. Rather, it seems that AI does not take into account one’s specific characteristics and circumstances. People view themselves as unique. By contrast, they see AI medical care as standardised‑well suited to treat an average patient but not enough to deal with unique individual circumstances. It is no wonder that medical AI providers are given a cold welcome. There are a number of steps that care providers can take to overcome patients’ resistance to medical AI. For example, they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely. If so, patients in doubt would be as likely to follow the treatment recommendations of the AI provider as they would be to follow those of a human physician (医生). In addition, health care providers could also deliver individualised health care by explaining how the algorithms (算法) work and sharing patients’ reviews of the service with the media. Having a physician confirm the recommendation of an AI provider should make people more receptive to AI‑based care. People are comfortable using medical AI if a physician remains in charge of the final decision. AI‑based health care technologies are being developed and employed at an impressive rate, providing better medical services for the patients. But utilising the full potential of them will require that we first overcome patients’ scepticism. 1. How does the author explain the use of medical AI in paragraph 1? A. By listing data. B. By doing experiments. C. By giving examples. D. By making comparisons. 2. What holds back the wide application of medical AI most probably? A. Its high cost. B. Its misdiagnosis. C. Its inconvenience. D. Its inflexibility. 3. What is suggested to make medical AI acceptable to patients? A. Treating patients as average people. B. Offering personalised cure plans. C. Updating the algorithms in time. D. Keeping away from the physician. 4. What does the underlined word “scepticism” probably mean? A. Distrust. B. Mystery. C. Fantasy. D. Criticism. B More and more researchers are using artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor biodiversity and assist endangered species. Different from conventional methods that can damage ecosystems or require considerable time, labour and resources, AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyse vast quantities of real‑world data. Ecologist Jörg Müller at the University of Würzburg, Germany, and his colleagues have shown that AI tools can help to quantify biodiversity in tropical (热带的) forests by identifying animal species from audio (音频的) recordings. “Our results demonstrate that AI is ready for more comprehensive species identification,” says Müller. “All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.” AI is imperfect, but it could speed up important discoveries, says Nicolas Miailhe, co‑founder of The Future Society (TFS), an international non‑profit organisation that aims to better govern AI. “We badly need human specialists to design models, as well as collect, label, check and interpret data,” he says. Researchers at Conservation AI, a UK‑based non‑profit organisation in Liverpool that uses AI technology for various ecology projects, have developed models that can search through footage and images from drones (无人机) or camera traps to identify wildlife and track animal movements. So far, Conservation AI has processed more than 12.5 million images and detected more than 4 million individual animal appearances across 68 species. “The platform can process tens of thousands of images an hour, in contrast to humans who can do a few thousand at best,” says Paul Fergus, one of Conservation AI’s lead researchers. “The speed at which AI processes data could allow conservationists to protect endangered species from sudden threats,” he adds. Miailhe is hopeful that AI can be routinely applied to real‑world conservation efforts in the near future. “That’s clearly the way to go,” he says. But he warns that AI consumes computing power, which ultimately has opposite effects on ecosystems. “Environmental impact assessments should be at the centre of AI risk management,” he says. 1. Which aspect makes AI different from other study methods? A. Its information accessing speed. B. Its data processing capability. C. Its environmental friendliness. D. Its computing accuracy. 2. What does Müller think is needed for AI to be more helpful? A. More images of animals. B. More information of audio recordings. C. More complicated tests. D. More data on tropical forests. 3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Conservation AI’s comment on its AI platform. B. AI platforms’ principle of species identification. C. AI models’ advantages in ecological conservation. D. AI’s potential for providing quick‑response measures. 4. What is Miailhe’s attitude towards using AI for ecological conservation? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Negative. 7选5 AI kitchen technology tends to be cheap enough for the home market, thus possibly changing both home and societal dynamics. 1 So it’s vital to look ahead to the possible ethical and social disturbance that emerging technologies might bring, especially for a deeply human and cultural domain—food—that’s interwoven throughout daily life. Cooking can be therapeutic（使人放松的）and provides opportunities for many things: gratitude, learning, creativity, communication, adventure, self‑expression, growth, independence, confidence and more 2 Family relationships could be affected if family members are no longer working together in the kitchen. Culture is also at risk. For example, AI could clumsily copy traditional recipes and methods, since AI may tend to flatten or oversimplify cultural details and distinctions. 3 Technology developers could become gatekeepers for food innovation, if the limits of their machines lead to uniformity in cuisines and creativity, similar to the weirdly similar feel of AI art images across different apps. The technology is still emerging, so it’s unclear whether robot cooks can precisely identify ingredients. Foodborne illnesses are an unknown. Will AI and robots be able to smell, taste or otherwise sense the freshness of an ingredient or perform other safety checks? AI chatbots have been advising people to eat rocks, glue, gasoline and poisonous mushrooms. 4 Legal systems are still struggling to sort out liability (责任) for autonomous vehicles. 5 Given the significance of food, food technologies help shape society. The kitchen has a special place in homes, neighbourhoods and cultures, so interfering in that venerable institution requires careful thinking to optimise benefits and reduce risks. A. Convenience can come at a great cost. B. All of these may be lost if no one needs to cook. C. AI can help with experimentation within the spirit of a culture. D. So it’s not a stretch to think that AI recipes could be faulty, too. E. Similarly, it may be tricky to figure out legal responsibility of robot cooks. F. AI chatbots can communicate with AI kitchens, adjusting settings accordingly. G. This selection preference could lead to reduced diversity in the variety of cuisine. 1.________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5.________ 参考答案 单句填空答案解析 1. potentially 句意为：这项研究可能会潜在地改变未来我们看待和对待环境的方式。设空处修饰动词 change，在句中作状语，应用副词。故填 potentially。 2. distant 句意为：我总是好奇遥远的未来世界会是什么样子。设空处作定语，修饰名词 future，应用形容词，意为 “遥远的”。故填 distant。 3. constantly 句意为：大脑不断地记住和忘记信息，而且大部分是在睡眠中自动发生的。设空处修饰动词 remembering 和 forgetting，应用副词作状语。故填 constantly。 4. efficiency 句意为：由于这些技术可以提高 50% 以上的效率，在过去的几年中，它们已经被广泛应用于工业过程中。本句为包含 Since 引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句，设空处在从句中作宾语，此处表示 “提高效率”，应用名词。 5. off 句意为：你离开教室前，请确保所有的灯都关了。根据语境可知，此处表示 “离开教室前要关灯”，switch off 为固定搭配，意为 “关闭 (灯、电器等)”。故填 off。 6. to 句意为：我认为他所说的东西与我们正在讨论的话题没有直接的关系。be relevant to 意为 “与…… 有关”，为固定搭配。故填 to。 7. for 句意为：人们在很小的时候就对特定的学习方式产生偏好，这会影响他们以后的学习。preference for 为固定搭配，意为 “对…… 的偏好；偏爱……”。故填 for。 8. to accept 句意为：起初他反对这个计划，但我们设法说服他接受了。persuade sb to do sth 为固定搭配，意为 “说服某人做某事；劝某人做某事”。故填 to accept。 9. will be preparing 句意为：你最好不要在今天下午三点到四点给我们经理打电话。他那时将正在为开会做准备。此处 then 是指将来时间，设空处是谓语动词，指将来某时刻正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时。故填 will be preparing。 10. (should) be taken 句意为：经理命令立即采取措施纠正营销中所犯的一切错误。分析句子结构可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语。command 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语用 “should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略；结合语境可知，此处 measures 与 take 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填 (should) be taken。 单句表达 1. keep constant track of relevant data 2. In this sense; attach importance to pursuing 3. it won’t be long before 4. The instant he entered the classroom 5. to take advantage of/make use of the available data 课文改编填空 1. secure 此处为 “make + 宾语 + 宾补” 结构，形容词作宾补时，该结构表示 “使…… 处于某种状态”。此处表示 “使我们在安全上有保障”。 2. to live a place to live in 意为 “居住的地方”，此处为动词不定式短语作后置定语。 3. automatically 设空处修饰动词 control，应用副词。 4. the the instant 引导时间状语从句，意为 “一…… 就……”。 5. commands 此处 command 表示 “命令；指令”，为可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式。 6. monitoring 句中已有谓语动词，与设空处之间无连词连接，故设空处应用非谓语形式，monitor 与主语 the smart home 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。 7. warning 设空处作 send 的宾语，其前有不定冠词 an 修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填 warning。 8. will be prevented 设空处在句中作谓语，prevent 与主语 serious damage from accidents 之间是被动关系，且此处表示设想的情况，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时的被动语态。 9. with provide sb with sth 为固定搭配，意为 “给某人提供某物”。 10. before “it will+take + 时间段 + before…” 意为 “要过…… 时间才能……”。 语法填空 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机的使用会产生的不良后果和风险，因此要对无人机的使用进行监管。 1. unlimited/limitless 句意为：不管是好是坏，无人机的广泛和无限制的使用将以不同的方式影响我们的生活。设空处与形容词 widespread 共同作定语修饰名词 use，设空处也应用形容词，表示 “无限制的”。故填 unlimited/limitless。 2. will be flying/will fly 句意为：可以肯定的是，随着技术更加先进，更多的无人机将在天空中飞行。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意可知，此处表示将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时或将来进行时。故填 will be flying/will fly。 3. Despite 句意为：尽管无人机有各种令人惊叹的功能，但它们也可能带来麻烦。根据句意及空后的名词短语 all the wonderful functions 可知，此处应填介词，表示 “尽管”。故填 Despite。 4. quantities 句意为：当大量的客运无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空将变得越来越拥挤。in large quantities 为固定短语，意为 “大量地”。故填 quantities。 5. more likely 句意为：因此，它们更有可能相互碰撞。根据 the sky will be getting more and more crowded 和句意可知，此处表示 “更有可能”，应用比较级。故填 more likely。 6. posing 句意为：此外，无人机给航空公司带来了很多麻烦，因为其中一些无人机在机场附近飞行，对正在起飞或降落的飞机构成威胁。句中已有谓语，与设空处之间无连词连接，设空处应用非谓语形式，此处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，应用现在分词。故填 posing。 7. that 句意为：另一个风险是，人们可能会利用无人机伤害他人。设空处引导表语从句，从句语义及结构完整，引导词在从句中不充当成分，无实义，应用 that 引导该从句。故填 that。 8. Illegal 句意为：非法猎人也可能使用无人机追踪和猎杀动物。由空后 hunters 为名词可知，设空处作定语，修饰 hunters；根据句意可知，此处表示 “非法的”。故填 Illegal。 9. to monitor 句意为：政府需要制定法律来监控无人机的生产和使用。此处表示 “来……；以……”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to monitor。 10. a 句意为：例如，在一些国家，出于商业目的驾驶无人机需要远程飞行员执照。licence 为可数名词，此处泛指 “一个远程飞行员执照”，且 remote 的读音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a 修饰。故填 a。 Part Ⅱ 拓展阅读训练 阅读理解 A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了医疗人工智能发展迅速，但要想充分发挥其潜力，需要首先解决人们对它的抵触情绪。 1. C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，医疗人工智能能够进行专业化的操作和提供低成本的医疗服务，并举了 IBM 研发的 Watson、聊天机器人、智能手机应用程序的例子来说明人工智能在医疗领域的应用。由此可推测出，作者通过举例子的方法来解释医疗人工智能的应用。故选 C 项。 2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “By contrast, they see AI medical care as standardised—well suited to treat an average patient but not enough to deal with unique individual circumstances.” 可知，人们认为医疗人工智能的治疗模式是标准化的，不能根据每个人的特殊情况去作判断，所以阻碍人工智能医疗发展的是它的灵活性不足。故选 D 项。 3. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “For example, they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely.” 可知，可以通过给患者提出个性化的治疗方案，从而让医疗人工智能为患者所接受。故选 B 项。 4. A 词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要论述了医疗人工智能发展受阻的主要原因，由于医疗人工智能的治疗程序相对标准化，无法根据患者的个人情况作出灵活调整，患者不信任医疗人工智能作出的诊断；再结合第三段中的关键词 patients in doubt 可知，患者对医疗人工智能持怀疑态度。由此可推测出，画线词所在句表示 “要想充分发挥基于人工智能的医疗服务技术的潜力，首先要消除患者的怀疑”。画线词意为 “怀疑”，与 distrust 意思最接近。故选 A 项。 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们如今正在使用人工智能分析大量生态数据，利用人工智能的强大功能来保护生物多样性。 1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “Different from conventional methods that can damage ecosystems or require considerable time, labour and resources, AI has the potential to quickly and effectively analyse vast quantities of realworld data.” 可知，人工智能能够快速且有效地分析大量数据，这是人工智能和传统研究方法的不同之处。故选 B 项。 2. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.” 可知，米勒认为，人工智能要想发挥更大的作用，需要更多由人类收集到的数据；根据本段第一句中的 “AI tools can help to quantify biodiversity… by identifying animal species from audio recordings” 可知，人工智能是通过音频记录来识别动物种类的，所以米勒认为人工智能需要更多的录音信息才能更有帮助。故选 B 项。 3. C 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知，非营利组织 Conservation AI 的研究人员将人工智能技术用于各种生态项目，到目前为止，Conservation AI 已经处理了 1,250 多万张图像，检测到 68 个物种的 400 多万只动物的外貌。由此可知，第四段通过列举数据，说明了人工智能模型在生态保护方面的应用和优势。故选 C 项。 4. C 推理判断题。由文章最后一段内容可知，本段开头指出米埃勒对在不久的将来人工智能日常应用于现实世界的生态保护抱有希望，而下文他也提醒人们，人工智能需要消耗计算能力，这最终还是会对生态系统造成不良影响，应该在人工智能风险管控方面注重环境影响评估。综合来看，米埃勒对使用人工智能进行生态保护持客观态度。故选 C 项。 7 选 5 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了人工智能厨房可能带来的挑战。 1. A 空后讲到前瞻性地审视新兴技术可能带来的伦理和社会干扰至关重要，而食物是贯穿人类日常生活的领域，应当重点关注，由此可知，设空处应表示人工智能厨房的出现可能伴随着一些问题。A 项（便利可能需要付出巨大的代价）引出下文，与下文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选 A。 2. B 上文讲到烹饪给人们提供感恩、学习、创造力、沟通、冒险、自我表达、成长、独立、自信等方面的机会；下文讲到如果家庭成员不再一起烹饪的话，可能会影响到家人之间的关系。B 项（如果没有人需要做饭，所有这些都可能会丢失）指出如果人们不需要烹饪的话，就体会不到烹饪带来的好处，承上启下，符合语境，其中 All of these 指代前文中提到的诸多好处。故选 B 项。 3. G 上文举例说明人工智能可能会复制传统的食谱和烹饪方法，因为人工智能可能倾向于抹平或过度简化文化细节和差异，设空处应说明这种倾向带来的结果。G 项（这种选择偏好可能会导致菜肴种类的多样性降低）承接上文，并引出下文对这种操作会产生的后果的进一步说明，符合语境。故选 G 项。 4. D 上文讲到这项技术仍在发展中，还不是十分完善，可能会出现各种各样的问题，并以人工智能聊天机器人为例，说明其存在的一些缺陷，设空处应承接上文，论述人工智能在烹饪方面可能会存在的问题。D 项（因此，认为人工智能食谱也可能有缺陷并不为过）与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选 D 项。 5. E 根据本段第一句可知，本段主要介绍人工智能的法律责任划分问题。自动驾驶汽车的法律责任问题还没有得到解决，E 项（同样，要弄清楚机器人厨师的法律责任可能很棘手）说明人工智能厨房的法律责任也难解决，承接上文，符合语境，其中的 legal responsibility 与上文内容呼应，为关键信息。故选 E 项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $