Unit1 Science and Scientists Discover Useful Structures 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Learning about language Discovering useful structure Predicative clauses 表语从句 1 In this class, you will identify and summarize the uses of noun clauses as predicative; use predicative clauses to talk about something. 2 1. Review 句子 类型 简单句 并列句 复合句 主句 形容词性从句 (定语从句) 名词性从句 副词性从句(状语从句) 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 从句 Definition and types: I am a teacher. I am ten. He became rich and successful.   Everyone is here. They are at home now. My job is to teach them English. The fact is that he passed the exam. 名词 数词 形容词 副词 介词短语 不定式 从句 表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。 2. 表语从句 e7d195523061f1c0f0ec610a92cff745ee13794c7b8d98f8E73673273C9E8BE17CC3D63B9B1D6426C348A354AD505654C28F453CD7C8F90EADD06C08281DAED7140E5AAAED5880ECE414DFB6A93B82BE019406867034C3A8500A4827DCF3FBF74A471B736410707E336A01C9ADC9BE02ACCB8DF2121D81636A067B8AE80C6AB6F014154F4E7B7247 表语从句的结构及意义 7 1. The definition of predicative clause（定义）. The question is who will do it. The question is difficult. （ 表 ） （ 表 ） 表语从句 在复合句中充当表语的从句叫表语从句，属于名词性从句。位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句必须用陈述语序(主语在前，谓语在后)。 2. The structure of predicative clause（结构）. 主语 + 系动词 + 引导词 + 简单句 This is why he did it. e.g.What I want to say is that I am tired. 表语从句 e7d195523061f1c0f0ec610a92cff745ee13794c7b8d98f8E73673273C9E8BE17CC3D63B9B1D6426C348A354AD505654C28F453CD7C8F90EADD06C08281DAED7140E5AAAED5880ECE414DFB6A93B82BE019406867034C3A8500A4827DCF3FBF74A471B736410707E336A01C9ADC9BE02ACCB8DF2121D81636A067B8AE80C6AB6F014154F4E7B7247 系动词——识别表语从句的依据 10 如何识别表语从句？ 主要依据：系动词后 The problem is difficult. The problem is that he can not speak English. 可以接表语从句的系动词有： be 动词 am，is，are 表象系动词 seem，appear 持续性动词 ，stay，remain 变化系动词 get， ， turn，go，grow， 感官动词 look，sound，taste， ，feel 终止系动词 prove，turn out keep smell become 记忆口诀: 一Be 二似乎 三保持 四变成 五感官 常见系动词 12 找出下面句子中的表语从句 温馨提示：先找系动词 思考：表语从句连接词有哪些？有什么功能？ 1.The fact is that Yuan loves his career. 2.The question was whether it was possible to develop a hybrid plant. 3.What concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests. 4.The problem is who will go. 5.My doubt is which book I shall choose. 3. 表语从句的引导词 表语从句的连接词 引导表语从句的连接词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。 引导表语从句的从属连词有： that、whether 、because, as if/as though 引导表语从句的连接代词有： who、whoever、whom、whose、what、whatever、which、whichever 引导表语从句的连接副词有： when、where、how、why 15 从属连词that、whether、because、as if/though引导表语从句只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，不可省略。 (1)The reason is that they never give up. →that无意义，不可省略。 (2)The question is whether they could handle the problem. → whether有意义，译为“是否”，不可省略。 (3) He felt frustrated. That is because he failed in the exam. → because有意义，译为“因为”，不可省略。 (4) He looked as if he had seen a ghost. → as if有意义，译为“好像，似乎”，不可省略。 从属连词 从属连词-as if/ as though as if/as though 引导的表语从句常跟在look, sound,seem, feel等后面, 意思为：“看起来/听起来/似乎+ 就好像...” 语气： 若表示真实情况，用陈述语气。 若表示非真实情况，用虚拟语气。 Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain. It sounded as if the night would never end. 真实情况 非真实情况 Bradley Hand ITC 17 as if/as though 引导的表语从句的虚拟语气： 若跟现在事实不符：动词过去式（be动词用were） 若跟过去事实不符：had done 若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形 The little boy seems as if he (know) everything in the world. The little boy seems as if he ______ (be) an important person. He felt as if he (meet )this young lady for a long time somewhere. He opens his mouth. It seems as if he ________ (say)something later. 从属连词-as if/ as though knew would say had met were Bradley Hand ITC 18 从属连词总练习： 1. My belief is ______________I will succeed by working hard. 2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________one can be entirely free from dust. 雨季最令人愉快的事情是完全没有灰尘。 3. The problem is ______________we can find them there. 4. It sounds _________________someone is knocking at the door. whether that that as if/though 连接代词who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whomever、whatever、whichever在表语从句中可充当主语、宾语、表语或定语。“缺什么补什么”：根据从句句意与所缺成分确定连接词。 (1)The problem is who can take the place of Jim. →who作主语，译为“谁”。 (2)This is what my teacher has taught me. →what作宾语，译为“…东西/事情” 或“什么”。 (3)What I want to know is which words are helpful. →which作定语，译为“哪一个”。 连接代词 1. What makes us curious is what led to his success. 2. This is what my mother has taught me—— to face my fault bravely. 3. The question is who was suspected of stealing the money. 4. You can be whoever you want to be. 5. The argument is which one we should choose. 连接词的使用：连接代词 what在表语从句中充当 ___________, 译为 _____________。 who在表语从句中充当 _______, 译为 ______。 whoever在表语从句中充当 _______, 译为 _______。 which在表语从句中充当 _______, 译为 _______。 主语或宾语 ....的事情或 什么 主语 谁 主语或宾语 无论谁，任何谁 定语 哪一个 连接代词 21 1) China is no longer _______ she used to be. 2) The question is _______ of us should come first. (我们两个中的哪一个) 3) The problem is ______ is really fit for the hard job. 4) The important thing is _______name should be put on the top of the list. 5）You can be __________ you want to be. what which who whose whoever 连接代词总练习： 连接副词when、where、why、how在表语从句中充当状语。 (1)Next sunday is when we shall meet. →when作时间状语，译为“什么时候”。 (2)You are saying that everyone should be the same, and this is where I disagree.（你说每个人都应该一样，这就是我不同意你的地方。） →where作地点状语，译为“在哪里”。 (3)The rain is too heavy. That is why I got wet. →why作原因状语，译为“为什么”。 (4)The question is how we can get in touch with him. →how作方式状语，译为“如何，怎样”。 连接副词 表语从句即学即练 This is __________I want. My English is limited. This is _______I hate reading English books. The village is _________ I used to spend my holiday. He is my favorite singer. It is ________ I really love the way he behaves. The trouble is __________ we are short of funds. My problem is __________ coat is suitable for me. I ‘ d like to start my own business—that’s ____ I want to do if I had the money. What I want to know is _______will support me. what where why because that which what who Bradley Hand ITC 24 4. 表语从句的注意事项 1.He is careless and irresponsible. That was _______ he was fired. 2.He was fired. That was _________ he is careless and irresponsible. 3. The reason _______ he was fired was ________ he was careless and irresponsible. why because why that 注意事项（1） Summary: This/That/It is/was because+原因… This/That/It is/was why+结果… The reason (why+结果...:定语从句) is/was that+原因... 不可以使用Because,否则造成词义累赘 “这就是为什么…” “这是因为…” “…的原因是...” why vs because Bradley Hand ITC 26 注意事项（2） 表语从句的虚拟语气 1)表示 “一坚持（insist) 二命令(order, command) 三建议(advise, suggest, propose) 四要求(ask, require, request, demand)”的名词 insistance, order, command, advice, suggestion, proposal, requirement, request, demand, idea做主语，后面的表语从句中， 谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略 Her order was all the students (be) quiet. His request is we (work) hard. (should) be (should) work that that Bradley Hand ITC 27 that, why, whether, what, as if, who, because, where 1. The question discussed at the meeting was _______ it was worth trying. 2. All this was over twenty years ago, but it is ____it were only yesterday.   3. The trouble is ____ I lost the key to my room. 4. I’m a bit sleepy, and it’s _______ I was up all night. 5. Go and get your coat. It’s ______ you left it. 6. The problem is ____ we can get to take the place of Ted. 7. That is ____ we were late last time. 8. The village is no longer _____ it used to be. whether as if that because where who why what 4. Practice 【即时演练】 You are saying that he is dishonest, and this is ______ I disagree.. I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything. I’d like to start my own business—that’s ______I’d do if I had the money. It is still under discussion ______ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. The best moment for the football star was _____ he scored the winning goal. where why what whether when 【即时演练】 6.He is careless and irresponsible. That was _______ he was fired. 7.He was fired. That was _________ he is careless and irresponsible. 8. The reason _______ he was fired was ________ he was careless and irresponsible. 9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______(be) broken. 10. The little girl talked as if she ___________(be) a grown-up. why because why that were had been P5-3:David is talking to Maria about their scientific research project. First complete David’s lines (A-E), using the words in the box. Then put David’s lines in the correct order and practise the conversation. as if, that, what, who, when, how, why, whose, which, whether 32 A. Absolutely. You may not believe it, but that was ________ happened at the initial stage of our group's research on developing a vaccine for malaria. B. Yes, it is. And it seemed _______ all the theories were useful, but the fact was _____ we couldn't persuade one another that one theory was better than another. what as if that as if, that, what, who, when, how, why, whose, which, whether 33 C. Exactly. The problem was not about ________ all our theories were equally good, but in deciding _______ theory to depend upon. D. We realised that what we cared about was not _______ aspect we needed to develop a theory in, but rather ______ we can reduce the cost of a vaccine without reducing its effect! E. You're right. At last, we became focused on the key issue, which was ______ we had to carry out the research in the first place. whose which how as if, that, what, who, when, how, why, whose, which, whether why whether 34 $