Unit 7 Let's volunteer（知识清单）英语新教材冀教版八年级上册

Unit 7 Let's volunteer 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物品质名词 & 形容词： 1.________ (adj. 乐于助人的) _________________________（他总是乐于帮助有需要的人。） 2. ________ (adj. 有耐心的) ____________________________（和老人共事你需要有耐心。） 3. ________ (adj. 诚实的) ________________________________（诚实的志愿者从不说谎。） 4. ________ (adj. 勇敢的) _____________________（勇敢的志愿者前去帮助陷入困境的人。） 5. ________ (n. 精神) ___________________________________（我们应该学习志愿精神。） 6. ________ (n. 经历；经验) ______________________（志愿工作对青少年是宝贵的经历。） 7. ________ (adj. 善良的) _______________（善良的志愿者给予无家可归的孩子很多关爱。） 8. ________ (adj. 无私的) _____________________（无私的志愿者花费空闲时间帮助他人。） 二、志愿场景行为动词： 1.________ (v. 自愿做) __________________________（许多学生自愿帮助无家可归的人。） 2. ________ (v. 支持) ______________________________（我们应当支持各类志愿项目。） 3. ________ (v. 筹集；募集) _______________________________（他们为贫困孩子筹款。） 4. ________ (v. 鼓励) ________________________________（老师鼓励我们参加志愿活动。） 5. ________ (v. 协助；帮助) ______________________（他在动物庇护所协助工作人员。） 6. ________ (v. 接受) __________________________（该中心接受志愿者捐赠的旧衣物。） 7. ________ (v. 信任) _______________________________（人们信任那些热心的志愿者。） 8. ________ (v. 奉献) _____________________________（很多人把时间奉献给志愿工作。） 三、感受与评价形容词： 1.________ (adj. 有意义的) ______________________________（做志愿工作十分有意义。） 2. ________ (adj. 宝贵的) ________________________________（服务社区是宝贵的机会。） 3. ________ (adj. 极好的) _____________________（我们在养老院度过了十分美好的时光。） 4. ________ (adj. 热心的) ________________________________（热心的人乐于帮助他人。） 四、数量与其他核心词: 1.________ (det. 几个；若干) _________________（每学期有几名青少年加入志愿小组。） 2. ________ (n. 庇护所) ______________________（动物庇护所需要更多食物给小动物。） 3. ________ (n. 社区) ______________________________（我们社区举办很多志愿活动。） 4. ________ (n. 目的) _____________________________（主要目的是帮助有需要的人。） 5. ________ (n. 慈善；慈善机构) ___________________________（我们向当地慈善机构捐赠物品。） 短 语 一、动词短语： 1.________________（参加） _______________________（许多学生参加社区志愿活动。） 2. ________________（自愿做某事） __________________（很多年轻人自愿照顾老人。） 3. ________________（照顾；照料） __________________（我们照料养老院里的老人。） 4. ________________（为…… 筹款） _______________（他们为无家可归的孩子筹款。） 5. ________________（捐赠；赠送） __________________（我们向贫困乡村捐赠旧书。） 6. ________________（帮助…… 摆脱困境） _____________________________（志愿者帮助处境困难的人渡过难关。） 7. ________________（把…… 奉献于……） ________________________________（他把大部分空闲时间奉献给慈善工作。） 8. ________________（申请） ________________________________（你可以在网上申请这个志愿项目。） 二、固定搭配短语： 1.________________（在某人的空闲时间） ________________________________（青少年在空闲时间做志愿工作。） 2. ________________（最…… 之一） ________________________________（这对我们来说是最有意义的经历之一。） 3. ________________（可能，表推测） ________________________________（做志愿工作期间你可能会遇到很多善良的人。） 4. ________________（做某事对某人是…… 的） ________________________________（做志愿工作对青少年来说很有意义。） 5. ________________（先行词为人：who /that 引导定语从句，修饰人） ________________________________（帮助他人的那些志愿者很了不起。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问、谈论志愿活动： 1.________________________________（你想要做什么样的志愿工作？） 2. ________________________________（你通常在哪里做志愿工作？） 3. ________________________________（你为什么想要成为一名志愿者？） 二、表达个人观点与感受： 1.________________________________（在我看来，志愿工作帮助我们成长很多。） 2. ________________________________（参加这类活动对我们很宝贵。） 3、 谈论志愿计划： 1.________________________________（我计划这周末去动物庇护所做志愿。） 2. ________________________________（我们或许会为有需要的人募集一些旧衣服。） 四、发出呼吁与评价志愿精神： 1.________________________________（我们应当尽全力帮助身边的人。） 2. ________________________________（传承志愿精神是我们的责任。） 语法 1. 定语从句 who /that（先行词是人，作主语或宾语） 2. 形容词、副词最高级；固定结构 one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 3. 情态动词 may/might 表推测（可能），后接动词原形 4. devote … to … 中 to 是介词，后面接名词 / 动名词 doing 5. several 用法：后接可数名词复数 6. in one’s free time 物主代词固定搭配 7. 动名词 /it 作形式主语（It is … to do sth） 写作 话题： ①介绍一次志愿活动，描写活动过程； ②写自己想参与的志愿项目，说明理由； ③短文，呼吁学习志愿精神，帮助他人。 1、 知识点精讲 1.volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 【核心搭配】 ①volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ②volunteer group 志愿小组 【变形】voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的 例：Lots of students volunteer to give a hand to the elderly.（很多学生自愿向老人伸出援手。） 【易错】❌ He volunteer help old people. ✅ He volunteers to help old people.（volunteer 后面必须接 to‑do 不定式） 2. meaningful adj. 有意义的 例：It is meaningful to spend time helping people in need.（花时间帮助有需要的人是很有意义的。） 3. raise v. 筹集；募集；举起 【搭配】raise money for … 为…… 筹款 例：They raise money for the children in poor areas.（他们为贫困地区的孩子筹款。） 4. devote v. 奉献 【语法】devote … to … 短语中的 to 是介词，后面接名词、代词或者动名词 doing，不能接动词原形。 例：He devotes his free time to helping homeless people.（他把空闲时间用来帮助无家可归的人。） 5. several det. 几个，若干 【语法】several + 可数名词复数 例：Several volunteers will come to our community tomorrow.（几名志愿者明天会来到我们社区。） 6. in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间 【语法】one’s 必须用形容词性物主代词（my /his/her/our 等）。 例：In their free time, they often do some charity work.（在空闲时间，他们经常做一些慈善工作。） 7. shelter n. 庇护所 例：The animal shelter looks after lots of homeless animals.（动物庇护所照料很多无家可归的动物。） 8. encourage v. 鼓励 【变形】encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 例：Parents encourage us to take part in volunteer activities.（父母鼓励我们参加志愿活动。） 9. may 情态动词，可能（表推测） 【语法】may + 动词原形；might 可能性比 may 更低；只用于肯定句推测。 例：You may meet lots of warm‑hearted people during volunteer work.（做志愿工作期间你可能会遇到很多热心人。） 10. give away 捐赠；赠送 例：We give away our old books to the children in mountain villages.（我们把旧书捐赠给山村的孩子们。） 二、核心语法精讲 语法 1. 定语从句 who /that（先行词为人） 1. 当被修饰的名词（先行词）是人，关系代词可以用 who 或者 that，在从句充当主语或者宾语。 2. what 不能引导定语从句。 例句： The volunteer who/that helped me is very kind. 帮助过我的那位志愿者十分善良。 易错提醒： ❌ This is the man what helps homeless kids. ✅ This is the man who helps homeless kids.（先行词是人，用 who；what 不能引导定语从句。） 语法 2. 形容词最高级 & one of 结构 1. 三者及以上范围比较用形容词最高级；形容词最高级前面通常要加 the。 2. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示 “最…… 之一”。 例句： This is one of the most meaningful experiences in our life. 这是我们人生中最有意义的经历之一。 语法 3. may/might 表推测 may/might + 动词原形，用于肯定句，表示对事情的推测 “也许、可能”；might 可能性弱于 may。 例句：It may rain when we do volunteer work outdoors. 我们做户外志愿工作的时候可能会下雨。 语法 4. devote … to … to 为介词，后面接名词或者动名词 doing，禁止接动词原形。 例句：She devotes much time to charity. 她把很多时间投入慈善事业。 语法 5. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth （it 作形式主语） it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式 to do。 例句：It is valuable for teenagers to join volunteer projects. 参加志愿项目对青少年来说很宝贵。 三、单元写作清单 【话题分析】三类高频写作 ①记叙文：记叙一次志愿活动，写活动过程与感悟； ②说明文：介绍自己想要参加的志愿项目，说明理由； ③观点短文：呼吁学习志愿精神，主动帮助他人。 框架 1 记叙一次志愿活动 开头：Last weekend, I took part in a volunteer activity in … 中间：We volunteered to … Some of us … Others … We learned a lot from this activity. 结尾：In my opinion, it is a meaningful experience. We should keep helping people in need. 框架 2 介绍想要参加的志愿项目 开头：I want to be a volunteer. I would like to work in the … 中间：I hope to … I think I am patient and helpful. I may meet different people there. 结尾：It is our duty to pass on the volunteer spirit. 【高分素材好词】 volunteer，meaningful，valuable，patient，support，raise，community，shelter，charity 【高分素材好句】 1. It is one of the most meaningful experiences for teenagers. 这对于青少年来说是最有意义的经历之一。 2. Several students volunteer to help people in their community. 几名学生自愿帮助社区里的人们。 3. In my opinion, volunteer work makes us grow better. 在我看来，志愿工作让我们更好地成长。 4. We should try our best to carry on the volunteer spirit and help others. 我们应当尽力传承志愿精神，帮助他人。 【范文背诵】 范文 1（记叙志愿活动） A wonderful volunteer activity Last weekend, I took part in a volunteer activity at the community’s old‑people’s home. Some of us volunteered to clean the rooms. Others talked with the elderly. We raised some small gifts for them. In my opinion, it is one of the most meaningful experiences for me. I learned to be more patient. We should try our best to help people in need and carry on the volunteer spirit. 范文 2（我想成为一名志愿者） I want to be a volunteer I want to be a volunteer. I’d like to work at the animal shelter in my free time. I love small animals and I am very patient. I hope to care for homeless animals there. I may meet different warm‑hearted volunteers. I think it will be a valuable experience for me. It is our duty to help weak animals. I am looking forward to doing some volunteer work there. 易错点 01 定语从句 who/that，what 不能引导定语从句 【核心规则】先行词是人，用 who /that；what 不可以引导定语从句。 【对点训练 1】This is the volunteer ______ helps lots of homeless people. (who /what) 【对点训练 2】The girl ______ we met is a young volunteer. A. who B. what 易错点 02 one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 【核心规则】one of the 后面必须接形容词最高级，名词必须使用复数。 【对点训练】It is one of ________ (meaningful) volunteer activities for teenagers. 易错点 03 devote … to doing，to 是介词 【核心规则】devote … to … 短语中 to 是介词，后面接名词或者动名词 doing，不能接动词原形。 【对点训练】He devotes most of his time to ________ (help) people in need. 易错点 04 several 用法 【核心规则】several + 可数名词复数，表示 “几个，若干”。 【对点训练】Several ________ (volunteer) will join our group. 易错点 05 in one’s free time 物主代词搭配 【核心规则】固定搭配 in one’s free time，one’s 要使用形容词性物主代词 (my/his/her/our)，不能用人称代词宾格。 【对点训练】In ________ (I) free time, I do some volunteer work. 易错点 06 volunteer to do sth，to 不可省略 【核心规则】volunteer 后面只能接不定式 to do sth，不能接动词原形。 【对点训练】Many students volunteer ________ (care) for the elderly. 易错点 07 may 表推测后接动词原形 【核心规则】情态动词 may/might 表推测，后面直接接动词原形。 【对点训练】You may ________ (meet) many kind volunteers there. 易错点 08 raise … for … 固定搭配 【对点训练】They raise money ________ poor children. 一、根据首字母填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1. It is one of the most meaningful e________ for teenagers to do volunteer work. 2. In my o________, volunteer spirit is worth learning for all of us. 3. Many students v________ to help people in need in their community. 4. We raise money at the charity show for h________ children without homes. 5. Several v________ go to the animal shelter every Saturday. 二、根据汉语提示填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1. ________（几个）of teenagers want to join the volunteer group. 2. This is one of the ________ (有意义的) volunteer projects I have taken part in. 3. We are planning ________ (自愿) to care for the old in the nursing‑home. 4. The man ________ (who/what) devotes his time to charity is our hero. 5. It ________ (可能) be cold when we do outdoor volunteer work. You’d better take coats. 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. The volunteer work is very ________ (meaning) for all the teenagers. 2. Several ________ (volunteer) come to the community centre every weekend. 3. This is one of ________ (valuable) experiences in our teenage life. 4. He devotes most of his free time to ________ (help) homeless animals. 5. The girl ________ (who) we met yesterday is a young volunteer. 6. It may ________ (rain) when we work outside as volunteers. 7. In ________ (he) free time, he takes part in lots of charity activities. 8. Please encourage them ________ (join) our volunteer group. 9. They raise money ________ (help) the poor kids in mountain areas. 10. Among all these volunteer jobs, which one is ________ (meaningful)? 四、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 1. Many young people volunteer ________ care for the elderly in the community. A. as B. to C. with D. of 2. ________ of students want to work at the animal shelter in their free time. A. Several B. Million C. Two millions D. Two million of 3. In ________ opinion, we should do more volunteer work for our community. A. me B. my C. I D. mine 4. This is the volunteer ________ helps lots of homeless children. A. who B. what C. which D. whom 5. This is one of ________ volunteer experiences for middle‑school students. A. great B. greater C. the greatest D. greatest 6. He devotes much spare time to ________ for people in need. A. care B. caring C. cares D. cared 7. We raise money ________ the poor children in mountain villages. A. for B. in C. on D. at 8. It ________ be windy when we work outdoors as volunteers. Please take coats. A. may B. can’t C. mustn’t D. should to 9. —What do you think of this volunteer activity? —It is ________ than I expected. A. meaningful B. more meaningful C. most meaningful D. the most meaningful 10. The girl ________ we talked with is a member of the volunteer group. A. who B. which C. what D. where’s 11. Teachers encourage us ________ part‑time volunteer work in free time. A. / B. for C. to do D. with 12. —How do you like the volunteer work? —It is one of the most wonderful ________ I have ever had. A. experience B. experiences C. experienced D. experiencing 13. ________, we should learn the volunteer spirit and help more people. A. On my opinion B. In my opinion C. At my opinion D. For my opinion 14. There ________ several volunteers helping the old people in the centre now. A. is B. are C. was D. be 15. The young man ________ I know works at the animal shelter. A. who B. which C. whose D. what 五、完成句子（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 1. 在我看来，做志愿工作对青少年很宝贵。 ________ ________ ________, doing volunteer work is valuable for teenagers. 2. 很多学生自愿照顾庇护所里的无家可归的动物。 Many students ________ ________ ________ homeless animals in the shelter. 3. 我们为贫困地区的孩子筹款。 We ________ ________ ________ children in poor areas. 4. 这是我参加过最有意义的活动之一。 It is one of ________ ________ activities that I have ever taken part in. 5. 他把大部分空闲时间奉献给慈善工作。 He devotes most of his free time ________ ________ charity work. 6. 在空闲时间，我们可以做一些志愿工作。 We can do some volunteer work ________ ________ ________ ________. 7. 这就是那位帮助很多穷人的志愿者。 This is the volunteer ________ ________ lots of poor people. 8. 做户外志愿工作的时候可能会下雨。 It ________ ________ when we do outdoor volunteer work. 9. 老师鼓励我们加入志愿小组。 The teacher encourages us ________ ________ the volunteer group. 10. 这是我曾经认识的最热心的志愿者。 This is the most warm‑hearted volunteer ________ ________ ________ ever known. 六、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Be a volunteer Volunteer work is popular among teenagers. Many students take part in volunteer activities in their free time. Some go to the old‑people’s home to care for the elderly. Some work at the animal shelter for homeless animals. Others raise money for poor children. In my opinion, volunteer work is one of the most meaningful experiences for us. Several warm‑hearted students devote much of their spare time to helping people in need. When we work as volunteers, we may meet different kinds of people. We can learn a lot from these activities. The volunteers who give their love to others are great. We should carry on the volunteer spirit. It is our duty to help people around us. 1. When do many teenagers take part in volunteer activities? A. At school B. In their free time C. On weekdays D. At night 2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned（没有提到）in the passage? A. Care for the elderly. B. Help homeless animals. C. Teach kids English. D. Raise money for poor children. 3. What may you meet when you do volunteer work according to the text? A. Different kinds of people B. Lots of money C. Many big animals D. Some famous stars 4. Which of the following is True? A. Few students want to do volunteer work. B. Volunteer work is meaningless for teenagers. C. Several students spend their spare time helping people in need. D. Volunteers can get much money from the work. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Introduce volunteer work and call on us to learn volunteer spirit. B. Tell us how to make much money as a volunteer. C. Talk about different kinds of animals in the shelter. D. Teach us how to join different clubs. 七、书面表达（10 分） 话题：A wonderful volunteer activity，记叙一次志愿活动，写活动过程以及你的感悟。 提示词：volunteer，meaningful，several，in one’s free time，raise，care for，in my opinion 要求：80‑100 词，不得出现真实人名、校名。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 Let's volunteer 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、人物品质名词 & 形容词： 1. helpful (adj. 乐于助人的) He is always helpful to people in need.（他总是乐于帮助有需要的人。） 2. patient (adj. 有耐心的) You need to be patient when you work with the old.（和老人共事你需要有耐心。） 3. honest (adj. 诚实的) An honest volunteer never tells lies.（诚实的志愿者从不说谎。） 4. brave (adj. 勇敢的) Brave volunteers go to help people in trouble.（勇敢的志愿者前去帮助陷入困境的人。） 5. spirit (n. 精神) We should learn the volunteer spirit.（我们应该学习志愿精神。） 6. experience (n. 经历；经验) Volunteer work is a valuable experience for teenagers.（志愿工作对青少年是宝贵的经历。） 7. kind (adj. 善良的) Kind volunteers give lots of love to homeless kids.（善良的志愿者给予无家可归的孩子很多关爱。） 8. selfless (adj. 无私的) Selfless volunteers spend their free time helping others.（无私的志愿者花费空闲时间帮助他人。 二、志愿场景行为动词： 1. volunteer (v. 自愿做) Many students volunteer to help the homeless.（许多学生自愿帮助无家可归的人。） 2. support (v. 支持) We should support different volunteer projects.（我们应当支持各类志愿项目。） 3. raise (v. 筹集；募集) They raise money for the poor children.（他们为贫困孩子筹款。） 4. encourage (v. 鼓励) Teachers encourage us to take part in volunteer activities.（老师鼓励我们参加志愿活动。） 5. assist (v. 协助；帮助) He assists workers at the animal shelter.（他在动物庇护所协助工作人员。） 6. accept (v. 接受) The centre accepts old clothes from volunteers.（该中心接受志愿者捐赠的旧衣物。） 7. trust (v. 信任) People trust those warm‑hearted volunteers.（人们信任那些热心的志愿者。） 8. devote (v. 奉献) Lots of people devote their time to volunteer work.（很多人把时间奉献给志愿工作。） 三、感受与评价形容词： 1. meaningful (adj. 有意义的) Doing volunteer work is very meaningful.（做志愿工作十分有意义。） 2. valuable (adj. 宝贵的) It is a valuable chance to serve the community.（服务社区是宝贵的机会。） 3. wonderful (adj. 极好的) We had a wonderful time in the old‑people’s home.（我们在养老院度过了十分美好的时光。） 4. warm‑hearted (adj. 热心的) Warm‑hearted people are ready to help others.（热心的人乐于帮助他人。） 四、数量与其他核心词: 1. several (det. 几个；若干) Several teenagers join the volunteer group every term.（每学期有几名青少年加入志愿小组。） 2. shelter (n. 庇护所) The animal shelter needs more food for small animals.（动物庇护所需要更多食物给小动物。） 3. community (n. 社区) Our community holds many volunteer activities.（我们社区举办很多志愿活动。） 4. purpose (n. 目的) The main purpose is to help people in need.（主要目的是帮助有需要的人。） 5. charity (n. 慈善；慈善机构) We give away things to the local charity.（我们向当地慈善机构捐赠物品。） 短 语 一、动词短语： 1. take part in（参加）Lots of students take part in community volunteer activities.（许多学生参加社区志愿活动。） 2. volunteer to do sth.（自愿做某事）Many young people volunteer to care for the elderly.（很多年轻人自愿照顾老人。） 3. care for（照顾；照料）We care for the old people in the nursing home.（我们照料养老院里的老人。） 4. raise money for（为…… 筹款）They raise money for homeless children.（他们为无家可归的孩子筹款。） 5. give away（捐赠；赠送）We give away old books to poor villages.（我们向贫困乡村捐赠旧书。） 6. help out（帮助…… 摆脱困境）Volunteers help out people in trouble.（志愿者帮助处境困难的人渡过难关。） 7. devote…to…（把…… 奉献于……）He devotes much of his free time to charity work.（他把大部分空闲时间奉献给慈善工作。） 8. apply for（申请）You can apply for this volunteer project online.（你可以在网上申请这个志愿项目。） 二、固定搭配短语： 1. in one’s free time（在某人的空闲时间）Teenagers do volunteer work in their free time.（青少年在空闲时间做志愿工作。） 2. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词（最…… 之一）It is one of the most meaningful experiences for us.（这对我们来说是最有意义的经历之一。） 3. may/might + 动词原形（可能，表推测）You may meet many kind people during volunteer work.（做志愿工作期间你可能会遇到很多善良的人。） 4. It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth（做某事对某人是…… 的）It is meaningful for teenagers to do volunteer work.（做志愿工作对青少年来说很有意义。） 5. 定语从句先行词为人：who /that 引导定语从句（修饰人）The volunteers who help others are great.（帮助他人的那些志愿者很了不起。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问、谈论志愿活动： 1. What volunteer work would you like to do?（你想要做什么样的志愿工作？） 2. Where do you usually do volunteer work?（你通常在哪里做志愿工作？） 3. Why do you want to be a volunteer?（你为什么想要成为一名志愿者？） 二、表达个人观点与感受： 1. In my opinion, volunteer work helps us grow a lot.（在我看来，志愿工作帮助我们成长很多。） 2. It is valuable for us to take part in such activities.（参加这类活动对我们很宝贵。） 3、 谈论志愿计划： 1. I’m planning to volunteer at the animal shelter this weekend.（我计划这周末去动物庇护所做志愿。） 2. We may raise some old clothes for people in need.（我们或许会为有需要的人募集一些旧衣服。） 四、发出呼吁与评价志愿精神： 1. We should try our best to help people around us.（我们应当尽全力帮助身边的人。） 2. It’s our duty to carry on the volunteer spirit.（传承志愿精神是我们的责任。） 语法 1. 定语从句 who /that（先行词是人，作主语或宾语） 2. 形容词、副词最高级；固定结构 one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 3. 情态动词 may/might 表推测（可能），后接动词原形 4. devote … to … 中 to 是介词，后面接名词 / 动名词 doing 5. several 用法：后接可数名词复数 6. in one’s free time 物主代词固定搭配 7. 动名词 /it 作形式主语（It is … to do sth） 写作 话题： ①介绍一次志愿活动，描写活动过程； ②写自己想参与的志愿项目，说明理由； ③短文，呼吁学习志愿精神，帮助他人。 1、 知识点精讲 1.volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做 【核心搭配】 ①volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ②volunteer group 志愿小组 【变形】voluntary adj. 志愿的；自愿的 例：Lots of students volunteer to give a hand to the elderly.（很多学生自愿向老人伸出援手。） 【易错】❌ He volunteer help old people. ✅ He volunteers to help old people.（volunteer 后面必须接 to‑do 不定式） 2. meaningful adj. 有意义的 例：It is meaningful to spend time helping people in need.（花时间帮助有需要的人是很有意义的。） 3. raise v. 筹集；募集；举起 【搭配】raise money for … 为…… 筹款 例：They raise money for the children in poor areas.（他们为贫困地区的孩子筹款。） 4. devote v. 奉献 【语法】devote … to … 短语中的 to 是介词，后面接名词、代词或者动名词 doing，不能接动词原形。 例：He devotes his free time to helping homeless people.（他把空闲时间用来帮助无家可归的人。） 5. several det. 几个，若干 【语法】several + 可数名词复数 例：Several volunteers will come to our community tomorrow.（几名志愿者明天会来到我们社区。） 6. in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间 【语法】one’s 必须用形容词性物主代词（my /his/her/our 等）。 例：In their free time, they often do some charity work.（在空闲时间，他们经常做一些慈善工作。） 7. shelter n. 庇护所 例：The animal shelter looks after lots of homeless animals.（动物庇护所照料很多无家可归的动物。） 8. encourage v. 鼓励 【变形】encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 例：Parents encourage us to take part in volunteer activities.（父母鼓励我们参加志愿活动。） 9. may 情态动词，可能（表推测） 【语法】may + 动词原形；might 可能性比 may 更低；只用于肯定句推测。 例：You may meet lots of warm‑hearted people during volunteer work.（做志愿工作期间你可能会遇到很多热心人。） 10. give away 捐赠；赠送 例：We give away our old books to the children in mountain villages.（我们把旧书捐赠给山村的孩子们。） 二、核心语法精讲 语法 1. 定语从句 who /that（先行词为人） 1. 当被修饰的名词（先行词）是人，关系代词可以用 who 或者 that，在从句充当主语或者宾语。 2. what 不能引导定语从句。 例句： The volunteer who/that helped me is very kind. 帮助过我的那位志愿者十分善良。 易错提醒： ❌ This is the man what helps homeless kids. ✅ This is the man who helps homeless kids.（先行词是人，用 who；what 不能引导定语从句。） 语法 2. 形容词最高级 & one of 结构 1. 三者及以上范围比较用形容词最高级；形容词最高级前面通常要加 the。 2. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示 “最…… 之一”。 例句： This is one of the most meaningful experiences in our life. 这是我们人生中最有意义的经历之一。 语法 3. may/might 表推测 may/might + 动词原形，用于肯定句，表示对事情的推测 “也许、可能”；might 可能性弱于 may。 例句：It may rain when we do volunteer work outdoors. 我们做户外志愿工作的时候可能会下雨。 语法 4. devote … to … to 为介词，后面接名词或者动名词 doing，禁止接动词原形。 例句：She devotes much time to charity. 她把很多时间投入慈善事业。 语法 5. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth （it 作形式主语） it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式 to do。 例句：It is valuable for teenagers to join volunteer projects. 参加志愿项目对青少年来说很宝贵。 三、单元写作清单 【话题分析】三类高频写作 ①记叙文：记叙一次志愿活动，写活动过程与感悟； ②说明文：介绍自己想要参加的志愿项目，说明理由； ③观点短文：呼吁学习志愿精神，主动帮助他人。 框架 1 记叙一次志愿活动 开头：Last weekend, I took part in a volunteer activity in … 中间：We volunteered to … Some of us … Others … We learned a lot from this activity. 结尾：In my opinion, it is a meaningful experience. We should keep helping people in need. 框架 2 介绍想要参加的志愿项目 开头：I want to be a volunteer. I would like to work in the … 中间：I hope to … I think I am patient and helpful. I may meet different people there. 结尾：It is our duty to pass on the volunteer spirit. 【高分素材好词】 volunteer，meaningful，valuable，patient，support，raise，community，shelter，charity 【高分素材好句】 1. It is one of the most meaningful experiences for teenagers. 这对于青少年来说是最有意义的经历之一。 2. Several students volunteer to help people in their community. 几名学生自愿帮助社区里的人们。 3. In my opinion, volunteer work makes us grow better. 在我看来，志愿工作让我们更好地成长。 4. We should try our best to carry on the volunteer spirit and help others. 我们应当尽力传承志愿精神，帮助他人。 【范文背诵】 范文 1（记叙志愿活动） A wonderful volunteer activity Last weekend, I took part in a volunteer activity at the community’s old‑people’s home. Some of us volunteered to clean the rooms. Others talked with the elderly. We raised some small gifts for them. In my opinion, it is one of the most meaningful experiences for me. I learned to be more patient. We should try our best to help people in need and carry on the volunteer spirit. 范文 2（我想成为一名志愿者） I want to be a volunteer I want to be a volunteer. I’d like to work at the animal shelter in my free time. I love small animals and I am very patient. I hope to care for homeless animals there. I may meet different warm‑hearted volunteers. I think it will be a valuable experience for me. It is our duty to help weak animals. I am looking forward to doing some volunteer work there. 易错点 01 定语从句 who/that，what 不能引导定语从句 【核心规则】先行词是人，用 who /that；what 不可以引导定语从句。 【对点训练 1】This is the volunteer ______ helps lots of homeless people. (who /what) 【答案】who 【详解】先行词 volunteer 是人，定语从句用 who；what 不能引导定语从句。句意：这就是那位帮助很多无家可归者的志愿者。 【对点训练 2】The girl ______ we met is a young volunteer. A. who B. what 【答案】A 【详解】先行词 the girl 是人，用 who 引导定语从句。what 不能引导定语从句。 易错点 02 one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 【核心规则】one of the 后面必须接形容词最高级，名词必须使用复数。 【对点训练】It is one of ________ (meaningful) volunteer activities for teenagers. 【答案】the most meaningful 【详解】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数；多音节形容词 meaningful 最高级 the most meaningful。句意：这是对青少年来说最有意义的志愿活动之一。 易错点 03 devote … to doing，to 是介词 【核心规则】devote … to … 短语中 to 是介词，后面接名词或者动名词 doing，不能接动词原形。 【对点训练】He devotes most of his time to ________ (help) people in need. 【答案】helping 【详解】devote … to 中 to 为介词，动词要变为动名词 doing。句意：他把大部分时间用来帮助有需要的人。 易错点 04 several 用法 【核心规则】several + 可数名词复数，表示 “几个，若干”。 【对点训练】Several ________ (volunteer) will join our group. 【答案】volunteers 【详解】several 后面接可数名词复数。句意：几名志愿者将要加入我们小组。 易错点 05 in one’s free time 物主代词搭配 【核心规则】固定搭配 in one’s free time，one’s 要使用形容词性物主代词 (my/his/her/our)，不能用人称代词宾格。 【对点训练】In ________ (I) free time, I do some volunteer work. 【答案】my 【详解】in one’s free time，使用形容词性物主代词 my。句意：在我的空闲时间，我做一些志愿工作。 易错点 06 volunteer to do sth，to 不可省略 【核心规则】volunteer 后面只能接不定式 to do sth，不能接动词原形。 【对点训练】Many students volunteer ________ (care) for the elderly. 【答案】to care 【详解】volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事，不定式符号 to 不能省略。句意：很多学生自愿照料老人。 易错点 07 may 表推测后接动词原形 【核心规则】情态动词 may/might 表推测，后面直接接动词原形。 【对点训练】You may ________ (meet) many kind volunteers there. 【答案】meet 【详解】may 情态动词后面接动词原形 meet。句意：你在那里可能会遇到很多善良的志愿者。 易错点 08 raise … for … 固定搭配 【对点训练】They raise money ________ poor children. 【答案】for 【详解】固定短语 raise money for … 为…… 筹款，介词固定用 for。句意：他们为贫困孩子筹款。 一、根据首字母填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1. It is one of the most meaningful e________ for teenagers to do volunteer work. 【答案】experiences 【详解】one of + 可数名词复数；experience 此处意为 “经历”，可数名词。句意：做志愿工作是青少年最有意义的经历之一。 2. In my o________, volunteer spirit is worth learning for all of us. 【答案】opinion 【详解】固定短语 in one’s opinion “在某人看来”。句意：在我看来，志愿精神值得我们所有人学习。 3. Many students v________ to help people in need in their community. 【答案】volunteer 【详解】volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事；主语 many students 复数，一般现在时用动词原形。句意：很多学生自愿帮助社区里有需要的人。 4. We raise money at the charity show for h________ children without homes. 【答案】homeless 【详解】homeless 形容词，无家可归的，修饰 children。句意：我们在慈善演出上为无家可归的孩子筹款。 5. Several v________ go to the animal shelter every Saturday. 【答案】volunteers 【详解】several 后面接可数名词复数 volunteers。句意：每星期六有几名志愿者前往动物庇护所。 二、根据汉语提示填空（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 1. ________（几个）of teenagers want to join the volunteer group. 【答案】Several 【详解】several“几个；若干”，修饰可数名词，句首首字母大写。句意：几名青少年想要加入志愿小组。 2. This is one of the ________ (有意义的) volunteer projects I have taken part in. 【答案】most meaningful 【详解】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数；meaningful 多音节形容词，最高级 the most meaningful。句意：这是我参加过最有意义的志愿项目之一。 3. We are planning ________ (自愿) to care for the old in the nursing‑home. 【答案】to volunteer 【详解】plan to do sth. 计划做某事。句意：我们计划自愿去养老院照顾老人。 4. The man ________ (who/what) devotes his time to charity is our hero. 【答案】who 【详解】先行词 the man 是人，定语从句关系代词选用 who；what 不能引导定语从句。句意：那位把时间奉献给慈善事业的男士是我们的榜样。 5. It ________ (可能) be cold when we do outdoor volunteer work. You’d better take coats. 【答案】may 【详解】may 情态动词，用于肯定句表推测 “可能”，后接动词原形。句意：当我们做户外志愿工作的时候天气可能会冷，你们最好带上外套。 三、用单词的适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 1. The volunteer work is very ________ (meaning) for all the teenagers. 【答案】meaningful 【详解】be 动词 is 后面需要形容词作表语；meaning 名词 “意义” 变为形容词 meaningful “有意义的”。句意：这份志愿工作对所有青少年都非常有意义。 2. Several ________ (volunteer) come to the community centre every weekend. 【答案】volunteers 【详解】several 后面接可数名词复数形式。句意：每周末有几名志愿者来到社区中心。 3. This is one of ________ (valuable) experiences in our teenage life. 【答案】the most valuable 【详解】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数；valuable 多音节形容词最高级 the most valuable。句意：这是我们青少年时期最宝贵的经历之一。 4. He devotes most of his free time to ________ (help) homeless animals. 【答案】helping 【详解】devote … to 短语中的 to 是介词，介词后面动词需要变为动名词 doing。句意：他把大部分空闲时间用来帮助无家可归的动物。 5. The girl ________ (who) we met yesterday is a young volunteer. 【答案】who 【详解】先行词 the girl 是人，定语从句用关系代词 who。句意：我们昨天遇见的那个女孩是一名年轻志愿者。 6. It may ________ (rain) when we work outside as volunteers. 【答案】rain 【详解】may 是情态动词，情态动词后接动词原形 rain。句意：当我们作为志愿者在外工作的时候可能会下雨。 7. In ________ (he) free time, he takes part in lots of charity activities. 【答案】his 【详解】in one’s free time 固定搭配，需要形容词性物主代词，he 的形容词性物主代词是 his。句意：在他的空闲时间，他参加很多慈善活动。 8. Please encourage them ________ (join) our volunteer group. 【答案】to join 【详解】encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。句意：请鼓励他们加入我们的志愿小组。 9. They raise money ________ (help) the poor kids in mountain areas. 【答案】to help 【详解】不定式作目的状语，表示筹款的目的。句意：他们筹集资金来帮助山区贫困的孩子。 10. Among all these volunteer jobs, which one is ________ (meaningful)? 【答案】the most meaningful 【详解】among 表示 “在三者或以上当中”，要用形容词最高级；meaningful 多音节形容词，最高级 the most meaningful。句意：在所有这些志愿工作当中，哪一项是最有意义的？ 四、单项选择（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 1. Many young people volunteer ________ care for the elderly in the community. A. as B. to C. with D. of 【答案】B 【详解】volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事，不定式符号 to 不能省略。句意：很多年轻人自愿照料社区里的老人。 2. ________ of students want to work at the animal shelter in their free time. A. Several B. Million C. Two millions D. Two million of 【答案】A 【详解】several“几个，若干”，后面接可数名词复数。句意：几名学生想要在空闲时间去动物庇护所工作。 3. In ________ opinion, we should do more volunteer work for our community. A. me B. my C. I D. mine 【答案】B 【详解】in one’s free/opinion 需要形容词性物主代词；my 形容词性物主代词；me 宾格，I 主格，mine 名词性物主代词。句意：在我看来，我们应该为社区做更多志愿工作。 4. This is the volunteer ________ helps lots of homeless children. A. who B. what C. which D. whom 【答案】A 【详解】先行词 volunteer 是人，定语从句用 who；what 不能引导定语从句；which 修饰事物。句意：这就是那位帮助很多无家可归孩子的志愿者。 5. This is one of ________ volunteer experiences for middle‑school students. A. great B. greater C. the greatest D. greatest 【答案】C 【详解】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数；形容词最高级前面的 the 不能省略。句意：这是中学生最棒的志愿经历之一。 6. He devotes much spare time to ________ for people in need. A. care B. caring C. cares D. cared 【答案】B 【详解】devote … to 中 to 是介词，后面接动名词 doing。句意：他把大量业余时间用来关心有需要的人们。 7. We raise money ________ the poor children in mountain villages. A. for B. in C. on D. at 【答案】A 【详解】固定短语 raise money for …“为…… 筹款”，介词固定用 for。句意：我们为山村的贫困孩子筹款。 8. It ________ be windy when we work outdoors as volunteers. Please take coats. A. may B. can’t C. mustn’t D. should to 【答案】A 【详解】may 情态动词表推测 “可能”；can’t 不可能；mustn’t 禁止；should 后面直接接动词原形，不加 to。句意：我们在外做志愿的时候可能会刮风，请带上外套。 9. —What do you think of this volunteer activity? —It is ________ than I expected. A. meaningful B. more meaningful C. most meaningful D. the most meaningful 【答案】B 【详解】句中出现 than，要用形容词的比较级；meaningful 多音节形容词，比较级 more meaningful。句意：—— 你觉得这次志愿活动怎么样？—— 比我预想的更有意义。 10. The girl ________ we talked with is a member of the volunteer group. A. who B. which C. what D. where’s 【答案】A 【详解】先行词 the girl 是人，定语从句用 who；which 修饰事物；what 不能引导定语从句。句意：和我们交谈的那个女孩是志愿小组的一员。 11. Teachers encourage us ________ part‑time volunteer work in free time. A. / B. for C. to do D. with 【答案】C 【详解】encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事，to 不可省略。句意：老师们鼓励我们空闲时间做兼职志愿工作。 12. —How do you like the volunteer work? —It is one of the most wonderful ________ I have ever had. A. experience B. experiences C. experienced D. experiencing 【答案】B 【详解】one of 后面必须接可数名词复数；experience 此处作可数名词 “经历”，复数 experiences。句意：—— 你觉得这份志愿工作怎么样？—— 它是我拥有过最美好的经历之一。 13. ________, we should learn the volunteer spirit and help more people. A. On my opinion B. In my opinion C. At my opinion D. For my opinion 【答案】B 【详解】in one’s opinion 是固定短语，介词只能用 in。句意：在我看来，我们应当学习志愿精神，去帮助更多人。 14. There ________ several volunteers helping the old people in the centre now. A. is B. are C. was D. be 【答案】B 【详解】there be 句型遵循就近原则；several volunteers 是复数名词；now 表示一般现在时，be 动词用 are。句意：现在有几名志愿者正在中心帮助老年人。 15. The young man ________ I know works at the animal shelter. A. who B. which C. whose D. what 【答案】A 【详解】先行词 the young man 是人，定语从句用 who；which 修饰事物；what 不能引导定语从句。句意：我认识的那个年轻人在动物庇护所工作。 五、完成句子（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 1. 在我看来，做志愿工作对青少年很宝贵。 ________ ________ ________, doing volunteer work is valuable for teenagers. 【答案】In my opinion 【详解】in one’s opinion 固定短语 “在我看来”；句首单词首字母大写。 2. 很多学生自愿照顾庇护所里的无家可归的动物。 Many students ________ ________ ________ homeless animals in the shelter. 【答案】volunteer to care 【详解】volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事；care for 照顾。 3. 我们为贫困地区的孩子筹款。 We ________ ________ ________ children in poor areas. 【答案】raise money for 【详解】raise money for 为…… 筹款。 4. 这是我参加过最有意义的活动之一。 It is one of ________ ________ activities that I have ever taken part in. 【答案】the most meaningful 【详解】one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数；meaningful 最高级 the most meaningful。 5. 他把大部分空闲时间奉献给慈善工作。 He devotes most of his free time ________ ________ charity work. 【答案】to doing 【详解】devote … to doing sth.，to 为介词后接动名词 doing。 6. 在空闲时间，我们可以做一些志愿工作。 We can do some volunteer work ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】in our free time 【详解】in one’s free time “在某人空闲时间”。 7. 这就是那位帮助很多穷人的志愿者。 This is the volunteer ________ ________ lots of poor people. 【答案】who helps 【详解】先行词 volunteer 是人，定语从句用 who；先行词单数，从句谓语动词 help 使用三单 helps。 8. 做户外志愿工作的时候可能会下雨。 It ________ ________ when we do outdoor volunteer work. 【答案】may rain 【详解】may 情态动词表推测，后接动词原形 rain。 9. 老师鼓励我们加入志愿小组。 The teacher encourages us ________ ________ the volunteer group. 【答案】to join 【详解】encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。 10. 这是我曾经认识的最热心的志愿者。 This is the most warm‑hearted volunteer ________ ________ ________ ever known. 【答案】who I have 【详解】先行词被最高级修饰，指人，关系代词用 who；现在完成时 I have known。 六、阅读理解（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） Be a volunteer Volunteer work is popular among teenagers. Many students take part in volunteer activities in their free time. Some go to the old‑people’s home to care for the elderly. Some work at the animal shelter for homeless animals. Others raise money for poor children. In my opinion, volunteer work is one of the most meaningful experiences for us. Several warm‑hearted students devote much of their spare time to helping people in need. When we work as volunteers, we may meet different kinds of people. We can learn a lot from these activities. The volunteers who give their love to others are great. We should carry on the volunteer spirit. It is our duty to help people around us. 1. When do many teenagers take part in volunteer activities? A. At school B. In their free time C. On weekdays D. At night 2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned（没有提到）in the passage? A. Care for the elderly. B. Help homeless animals. C. Teach kids English. D. Raise money for poor children. 3. What may you meet when you do volunteer work according to the text? A. Different kinds of people B. Lots of money C. Many big animals D. Some famous stars 4. Which of the following is True? A. Few students want to do volunteer work. B. Volunteer work is meaningless for teenagers. C. Several students spend their spare time helping people in need. D. Volunteers can get much money from the work. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Introduce volunteer work and call on us to learn volunteer spirit. B. Tell us how to make much money as a volunteer. C. Talk about different kinds of animals in the shelter. D. Teach us how to join different clubs. 【答案】1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 【解析】 1. 细节题，原文第一段 “Many students take part in volunteer activities in their free time.”，选 B。 2. 细节判断题：文中提到照顾老人、帮助流浪动物、为贫困孩子筹款；没有提到教孩子英语，选 C。 3. 细节题，原文第二段 “When we work as volunteers, we may meet different kinds of people.”，选 A。 4. 判断正误： A 错误，Volunteer work is popular among teenagers，很多学生参与； B 错误，volunteer work is one of the most meaningful experiences； C 正确，原文 “Several warm‑hearted students devote much of their spare time to helping people in need.”； D 错误，文中没有说志愿者可以获得金钱。故选 C。 5. 主旨大意：短文介绍志愿工作，呼吁大家学习志愿精神；B 做志愿赚钱、C 谈论庇护所动物、D 教如何加入俱乐部，均不是主旨。选 A。 七、书面表达（10 分） 话题：A wonderful volunteer activity，记叙一次志愿活动，写活动过程以及你的感悟。 提示词：volunteer，meaningful，several，in one’s free time，raise，care for，in my opinion 要求：80‑100 词，不得出现真实人名、校名。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文 A wonderful volunteer activity Last weekend, I took part in a wonderful volunteer activity at the old‑people’s home. Several students went there with me. Some of us volunteered to clean rooms. Others cared for the elderly and talked with them. We also raised some small gifts for them. In my opinion, it is a very meaningful experience for us teenagers. We should try our best to help people in need and pass on the volunteer spirit. 【详解】 1. 词数 86，符合 80‑100 词的字数要求； 2. 全部用上提示词：volunteer，meaningful，several，in one’s free time，raise，care for，in my opinion； 3. 语法：用到单元重点短语，one of the + 形容词最高级，who 定语从句思维，devote … to … 相关知识点，无语法错误； 4. 写作思路： ①开头：交代时间，参加了一次志愿活动； ②中间：描写活动具体的过程； ③结尾：写出个人感悟，呼吁传承志愿精神。 5. 评分提示 8‑10 分：要点齐全，提示词用上，语法几乎无错，词数达标； 5‑7 分：要点基本齐全，少量语法错误，不影响理解； 0‑4 分：要点缺失严重，错误多，词数严重不足。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $