Unit 1 Period 3 Discovering Useful Sturucture（课件）英语人教版必修第二册

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage 高中英语人教版必修第二册 Discovering Useful Sturucture Learning objectives Master the definitions of restrictive relative clauses and antecedents Summarize the matching rules of relative pronouns for people and things when they act as subject, object and attribute. Pick out restrictive relative clauses in given sentences. Be able to choose proper relative pronouns independently and write short passages with restrictive relative clauses about Chinese World Cultural Heritage site. Contents 1. Lead in 2. Presentation 3. Practice 4. Production 5. Summary 6. Assessment 7. Homework 01. Lead in Lead-in Lead in Look at the sentences below and underline the relative pronouns and adverbs. ❶Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. ❷After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem,and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. ❸There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. 02. Presentation Lead-in Presentation-定语从句 Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。 先行词 关系词 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。常见的关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose等。 that作主语 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 The river that lies west of our village is clearer than ever before. (that指物,在从句中作主语) 位于我们村庄西边的那条河比以往任何时候都清澈。 I will never forget the place (that) I paid a visit to last summer vacation. (that指物,在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 我永远不会忘记我去年暑假去过的那个地方。 that,指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,作宾语时,常可以省略。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 The girl that is smiling broadly is my best friend. (that指人,在从句中作主语,不能省略) 那个笑容灿烂的女孩是我最好的朋友。 The girl (that) you see smiling broadly is my best friend. (that指人,在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 你看到的那个笑容灿烂的女孩是我最好的朋友。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 The river which runs through the centre of the city has been cleaned. (which 指物,在从句中作主语,不能省略) 穿过市中心的那条河已经清理过了。 The exact year (which) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.(which指物,在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 安杰拉和她的家人在中国共同度过的确切年份是2008年。 which,指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可以省略。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognising their own strengths.(who指人,在从句中作主语,不能省略) 幸福和成功经常属于那些善于认识自己长处的人。 The scientist who we respect most is Yuan Longping and he made great contributions to feed the world. (who指人,在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 我们最尊敬的科学家是袁隆平,他为养活世界人口做出了巨大贡献。 who,指人,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可以省略。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 Jane is the girl (whom) my teacher often mentions. (whom指人,在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 简就是我的老师经常提到的那个女孩。 The man (whom) you saw just now is our new English teacher. (whom指人,在从句中作宾语,可以省略) 刚才你看到的那个人是我们的新英语老师。 whom,指人,在从句中只作宾语,常可省略,在口语中可用who或that代替。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词 The school shop,whose customers are mainly students,is closed during the holiday.(whose指物,在从句中作定语) 这个学校商店的顾客主要是学生,它在假期不营业。 I live next door to a couple,whose children often make a lot of noise.(whose指人,在从句中作定语) 我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子经常吵闹。 whose,指人或物,在从句中作定语。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词注意点 ①当先行词为all、everything、nothing、anything、much、little、few等不定代词时。 I do think you don’t have to take down everything (that) your teachers say in class. 我确实认为你不必把老师们在课堂上说的每句话都记下来。 All that can be done is to keep up a good state of mind. 所能做的就是保持良好的心态。 关系代词只能用that而不能用which的情况 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词注意点 ②当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 The first English novel that I read was The Old Man and the Sea. 我读的第一本英文小说是《老人与海》。 ③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最鼓舞人心的电影。 Lead-in Presentation-关系代词注意点 ④当先行词被 very、both、only、all、every、no、any、little、much、some等修饰时。 He is the only student that was admitted to Peking University in my class. 他是我们班唯一被北京大学录取的学生。 This is the very book that I always want. 这正是我一直想要的那本书。 ⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked about the people and the things that they are interested in. 他们谈论起他们感兴趣的人和事。 Lead-in Presentation-关系副词 当先行词在定语从句中作状语，即定语从句不缺主语、宾语或者表语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why。 I will never forget the day when I first saw you. when作时间状语 Lead-in Presentation-关系副词 I’ll never forget the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 我永远忘不了中华人民共和国成立的日子。 when, 当先行词是表示时间的名词,定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时,常用关系副词when引导定语从句。常见的表示时间的名词有time、hour、day、year、moment、occasion(时刻)、age(年代)、period(阶段)、stage(时期)、interval(间隙)等。 Lead-in Presentation-关系副词 We live in a society where exchanging presents is an important part of interpersonal communication. 在我们生活的社会里,互赠礼物是人际交往的重要组成部分。 Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth. 学生应该参与社区活动,在这些活动中他们能获取成长的经验。 where,当先行词是表示地点的名词,定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时,常用关系副词where引导定语从句。 Lead-in Presentation-关系副词 The reason why she didn’t come to the party was that she had to study for an exam. 她没有来参加聚会的原因是她必须为一场考试而学习。 why, 当先行词是表示原因的名词,定语从句中不缺主语或宾语时,常用关系副词why引导定语从句。 Lead-in Presentation-关系副词注意点 ①当先行词为抽象地点名词如situation、case、stage、point等,且关系词在定语从句中作状语时,要用关系副词where。 He gets into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。 ②关系副词引导定语从句时,可以用适当的“介词+which”替代。when相当于 “介词in/at/on/during...+which”结构；where相当于“介词in/at/on...+which”结构；why相当于“for+which”结构。 There is a hole in the wall through which you can see everything out. 墙上有个洞,你可以透过它看到外面的一切。 03. Practice Practice 1. Complete the sentences with the relative pronouns and adverbs. 1.You can share your work with others,and there are message boards 　　　　 you can chat about things that are important to you.  2.China is a country 　　 　　 has rich cultural heritage.  3.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,　　　　 lived from roughly 551 BCE to 479 BCE,influenced the development of chopsticks.  where that/which who Practice 4.Being afraid of expressing myself was one of the reasons 　　　　 I rarely did well in school.  5.The building 　　　　 doors are green is an office building.  6.There are times 　　　　 I feel extremely happy and satisfied with my life.  7.　　　　 someone once said,“Art is life.”   why whose when As 8.The person 　 　 　　 they had been waiting for the whole morning came at last.  9.The first place 　　　　 they visited in London was the Big Ben.  whom/that/who that Practice 10.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design,to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 　　　 　 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.  【解析】 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,定语从句的先行词是the Silk Route,从句缺少主语,应用that/which引导。故填that/which。 that/which Practice 11.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu,　　　　 is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”, add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon,William Shakespeare’s hometown.  【解析】 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子成分可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词是Tang Xianzu,此处是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,应用who引导。故填who。 who Practice 12.(2024·全国甲卷) Yellowstone was the largest United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 　　　　 became a national monument in 1978...  【解析】 考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Wrangell-Saint Elias,在从句中作主语,指物,应用which。故填which。 which Practice 2. Complete the passage with the relative pronouns and adverbs. Do you know the girl 1.　　 　　 has long hair?She is the student 2.　　　　 English is the best in my school.Her father works in a company 3.　　　　 computers are produced.Her mother works in a shop 4.　　　 sells clothes.They live in a beautiful house,in front of 5.　　　　 there are some trees.  that/who whose　 where that/which which Practice The girl 6.　　 　　 we are talking about is Mary.She is lucky enough to have a wonderful English teacher called Tom.Tom is such a good teacher 7.　　　　 his students love.He gives his students enough time to practise using English in class.Now I know the reason 8.　　　　 I didn’t learn English well.9.　　　　 the saying goes,practice makes perfect.I’ll always remember the advice that my teacher gave me and I’ll never forget the days 10.　　　　 we studied together.  that/who/whom　 as why As when 04. Production Production Work in pairs and discuss the questions. It’s important to protect and promote our cultural heritage. What can we do to protect it? Don’t damage ancient buildings/relics Report damage to heritage Learn traditional crafts Remember folk stories Post cultural moments online Teach classmates about intangible heritage 05. Summary Summary 06. Assessment Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) I’m able to Master the definitions of restrictive relative clauses and antecedents I’m able to summarize the matching rules of relative pronouns for people and things when they act as subject, object and attribute. I’m able to pick out restrictive relative clauses in given sentences. I’m able to choose proper relative pronouns independently and write short passages with restrictive relative clauses about Chinese World Cultural Heritage site. 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 07. Homework Lead-in Homework Choose one Chinese World Cultural Heritage site that interests you (e.g., the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Mogao Caves, the Terracotta Army, the Potala Palace, etc.). Write a short passage of 80–120 words in English. 范文：The Great Wall — A Wonder of China The Great Wall is a magnificent cultural heritage site that stretches over 21,000 kilometers across northern China. It was first built in the Qin Dynasty, when different sections were connected to defend against invaders. The wall, which is made of stone, brick and earth, winds through mountains and deserts. The soldiers who once guarded it showed great courage and wisdom. Today, tourists from all over the world come to visit this place, where they can enjoy breathtaking views and learn about ancient Chinese history. It is a symbol of our nation, whose spirit still inspires us today. Thank you! $