【教材笔记】6.3 Language Practice至Words and Expressions-Carring Forward Craftsmanship《英语 拓展模块》（高教版第三版） (2)

定语从句的概念定语从句是句子的一部分，在句子中起定语作用，修饰主 句中的名词、代词或整个主句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句 必须放在先行词的后面，由关系代词who,whomwhose、that,which或关 Language Practice 系副词when、where、why引导，关系词充当从句的句子成分。只有whose在 定语丛句中作定语，其他关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词 在定语从句中作状语。 V Grammar 12 Read and match. 根据句意将左右两栏匹配，组成完整的句子。 你知道她对我的工作不满意的原因吗？ D1)Do you know the reason A.where the plane parts are made. 他们希望创造一个能 让他行作更轻松的新工具吗？F2)They hope to create a new tool B.which is of great help to our be of great help 非常有帮助 B3)He gave us a piece of advice research work. A4)They work in factory绕存.C.when we worked together。. 她对客户总是很有耐心且友好 E5)She is always patient and D.why she was not satisfied with my 这使得她成劣她公司重最好的接待。friendly to the clients, work? be satisfied with.. 对…满意 G6)Zhong Nanshan is one of the E.which makes her the best 钟南山是最著名的科学家之一， 他获得了国家奖项。 most famous scientists receptionist of her company. C 7)I'll never forget the days F.which can make their work easier. J 8)I have learned a lot at the G.who have been given the national school award. 他未能完成他的任务，这使得 H 9)He failed to complete his task, H.which made him upset. 他很心烦意乱。 10)Mr.Lee is a man of great 1.from whom we can learn much. experience 李先生是一位经验丰富 J. where I studied ten years ago. 的 ,我们可以从他身 学到很多。 关系词只用that不用which的情况 先行词只用which不用that的情况： l.如果先行词是all、itle、everythingsomething、nothing、much、few、 hone等不定代词时，关系代词只用that。 1.介词后只用which,不用that 2.当先行调被形容词最高级、序数词或he only,.any,few,little,.no,all,the 2.引导非限制性定语从句时只用which,不用that verythe right等修饰时，关系代词只用that。 3.先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that。 4.当主句是以bo、hich开头的疑问句时，关系代词只用tht。 Carrying Forward Craftsmanship 13 Read and complete. 选择恰当的单词补全有关工匠销神的小故事。 Our life today is the result of the choices 1)which (what which) we made in the past..som2态熊畿tod5瓮力est at the time 有影响 2)when (which /when)it can make a difference in our life.An old be regarded as被看作.. be ready to do准备做. builder 3)who (who/which)was regarded as the best in his company v.退休 was ready to retire.His boss was sorry to see such a good builder leave.He asked the builder whether he could build just one more house 4)that (that where)would be his last work.The builder said yes,but his mind was not on his work any longer n.材料 He used poor materials 5)which (which what)he would never have 从事 used before and worked on the house carelessly.The builder finished building the house in one month,6)which(which when)was much 过去常常做.. shorter than the time he used to spend on his work.Then he went to his boss and told him that the house was completed.The boss was very surprised, but he didn't ask about the reason 7)why (which/why)he finished it n.抽屉 so quickly.Then the boss opened a drawer and took out a new key.He gave the key to the builder and said,"This is the key to that house.The house 8)which (which /where)you built is for yourself.It's a gift for you from our company 9)where (which where)you have worked for so many years." With the key in hand,the builder couldn't say a word.What a surprise! n.羞愧 What a shame!If he had known he was building his own house,he would 倘若他当时知道自己是在 他 have done it differently.Now he had to live in the house 10)that (that where)he had built poorly.f后面的从句是虚拟语气（对过去情况的虚拟） f+主语+had done,主语+would have done 含义：要是当初·（事实并没有），当时就会（实际没发生） 14 Read and complete. 选择正确答案补全有关细节决定成败的小故事。 足够重视 n细节 it is ..that..…强调句 Some people don't pay enough attention to details,but it is often the details 起重要作用 1)that play an important role in our life.Skills and knowledge are important,but paying attention to details can also 2)decide our future. 关注细节 扫描全能王创建 UNIT 120 after doing“在.之后” After graduating from a vocational school,Tom wanted to find a good job. adi.可获得的： 有空的 One day he got the news that there 3)was a position available at a comay Hed感7eT幕onthecomanyirtad4)plidfor it.apply for申请 During the interview.Tom answered the questions very well.He was satisfied be satisfied with with his performance.He felt that he could get the job.But at that moment, 对..满意 V.点头 the interviewer got a phone call.He picked it up,listened and nodded.Then 环顾四周 he looked around and said to Tom,"Could you pass me the book with the red that desk?"Tm ookeddand found there were three books on the desk 5)which looked almost the same.He walked to the desk, 。挂掉 took one of them,and handed it to the interviewer.The interviewer hung up the phone,looked at Tom 6)who seemed to be proud of what he just did and said,"Sorry,you are not the person 7)whom we are looking for." Tom was surprised and didn't know the reason 8)whyhe was tu down.Then the interviewer explained,"There're three reasons.First,the second button from the top of your shirt is undone.Second,the three books on the desk are different,but you took one without asking me which one I adi.紧急的 needed.Third,the call which I 9)answer was urgent.You should give the book to me quickly,10)what you failed to do." A 1)A.that B.when C.where D.why A2)A.decide B.decided C.have decided D.will decide B3)A.is B.was C.are D.were B 4)A.apply B.applied C.will apply D.has applied A5)A.which B.what C.where D.when B 6)A.which B.where C.when D.who C 7)A.which B.where C.whom D.when C8)A.that B.which C.why D.what A9)A.answer B.answered C.will answer D.has answered BLO)A.which B.what C.where D.when Carrying Forward Craftsmanship 121 V Vocabulary 5 Read and choose. 选择怡当的词语补全对话。 1)-Mary plaved an important role In the research. take charge of负责 -Yes.We've made big progress since she took of the project. 职位. 取得巨大进步 A.position B.responsibility n.责任 0.charge D.title n.头衔 2)-Zhang Yu has focused on (improving the quality of his works., -Yes.He believes that's the way to the family craft forward. A.hold B.make carry forward传承 C.keep Dcarry 3)-This is too hard.I don't think I can do it. 保持我们的精神向上 -Don't give up.We must keep our spirits up. A.heart B.energy C.idea spirits 4)-Let's invite Tom to our party tomorrow evening. -I don't think it's a good idea.He's in a terrible recently mood B.mind in a terrible mood心情很糟糕 C.time adv.高度地 D.way 5)-The work(she did is highly -Yes.That's because she has excellent skills. A.considered .rated v.评价；评级 C.spoken D.thought 16 Read and complete. 用所给单词或短语的正确形式补全短文。 。inspire 什么是工匠精神？ What is the 1)spirit of craftsmanship?Is it 。spirit 它是否只属于工匠 。take measures 们？ something only for the craftsmen to have?To put 简单来说 。devote it simply,the spirit of craftsmanship is about 。Seek 。apprentice weld 简单来说， ,工艺精神是关于坚持在工作中追求完美。因此， 从事 的罄有发全量精 无论是科学 UNIT 家还是焊接技术贯。学徒也能像经验丰富的师傅一样拥有同样的 工匠精神。 122 坚持 追求完美 adv.因此 insisting on 2)seeking.perfection at work.Therefore,it can be shared by 现在分词短语作后置定语 people doing all kinds of jobs.People having the spirit always 3)devote themselves to what they do,whether they work in an office or a factory. 担任 焊接技工 whether they work as a scientist or a 4)welding 5)apprentice technician.And 像 adj.有经验的 can have the same spirit of craftsmanship as their experienced teachers.The spirit of craftsmanship is so valuable to today's society that taking measures the government is 6) to 7)inspire young people to pursue it. 工匠精神对当今社会如此宝贵，以至于政府正在采取措施激 V.追求 励年轻人去追求它。 Culture Understanding 现在分词短语作状语 全国劳动模范 Starting as an ordinary technician,Hu Zhonghui became a National Model 从一名普通技术员开始，胡忠辉经过多年的辛勤工作 Worker after years of hard work.,成为全国劳动模范。 职业 Hu began his career at Pinggao Group in Henan Province The company produces 相关的 设备 high-voltage switchgears(高压开关设备)and related equipment.After joining the 在年轻时 factory at a young age,Hu spent much time learning and improving his skills 多年来 过去分词短语作定语表被动 Over the years,he has worked on many key parts used in the ultra- high voltage(UHV)grid(超高压电网)and helped solve more than 解决方案被估值 300 technical problems.One of his solutions was valued at more than 1.2 million yuan and won an important national award 高度评价 Hu's coworkers speak highly of him 接受挑战 He enjoys taking on challenges and be determined to do.决心做 is always determined to overcome difficulties.Once,he spent a 处理 month dealing with a challenge 核心部件 to create a core part for China's 胡的同事们对他评价很高。他乐于接受挑： 始终决心克服各种困难。 他花 时间应对一项挑战，.为中国制造核心部件 独立开发了特高压电网。，经过反复试验： 和 他的团队取得了突破。他们生产的设备确保 电力系统的稳定性。 Carrying Forward Craftsmanship 2以 adv.独立地 n.实验 n.错误 first independently developed UHV grid.Through trial and error,Hu and his team 取得突破 made a preakthrough.The equipment they produced ensured the stability of n突破 power grids. v获得 n.专利 n.荣誉 Hu has so far obtained 13 patents and received more than 50 honors. Read the passage and answer the questions. 带来；导致 1)What led to Hu Zhonghui's success? A.The knowledge he obtained at school. B.His love for the job. adi.不断的 oinous learning and improving skills. D.The honors he has won. 2)What was one of Hu Zhonghui's main achievements? A.He created a new marketing strategy for the company. B.He contributed to developing a key part for the UHV grid. 为开发超高压电网的关键部分做出了贡献。 C.He won first place in a national skills competition. D.He helped his company earn 1.2 million yuan. Discussion Which aspects of Hu's story show craftsmanship? 器 扫描全能王创建 Self-Assessment 完成以下练习，根据所给标准评价你对本单元学习内容的掌搁程度。 )Read and complete the sentences..用所给单词或词组补全句子。 spirit devote seeking inspire apprentice take measures 公司不断寻求开发新产品的方法。 adv.不断地 1)The company is constantly seeki ng ways to develop new products 2)The success of women engineers will inspire millions of young girls to join high-tech industries..女工程师的成功将鼓舞数百万年轻女孩加入高科技行业。 3)The spirit of innovation encourages people to explore new possibilities. 创新精神鼓励人们探索新的可能性。 我们需要采取措施来提高产品质量。 4)We need to t ake measur es to improve the products'quality. 5)They _devot e_ most of their free time to practicing skills. 他们把大部分空闲时间都用来练习技能。 6)I'm a(n)apprenti ce at a local engineering firm. 我在一家本地工程公司做一名学徒。 Excellent:5 or 6 Good:3 or 4 Need to review:s2☐ ②Read and choose the correct answers.选择正确答案补全句子。 1)The experiment whi ch was conducted last month brought interesting results. 上个月进行的实验带来了有趣的结果。 A.who B.where C.whose which 2)The employees,whose manager is willing to listen to their concerns, feel less stressed.经理愿意倾听他们担忧的员工们感到压力更小。 A.who B.that whose D.whom 3)In fact,there are different reasons why people work long hours. 事实上，人们长时间工作有不同的原因。 A.where B.which 0.why D.how 4)Anyone who works in the tourist industry needs to be good at communicating. 任何在旅游业工作的人都需要擅长沟通。 V.who B.what C.which D.when 5)The factory, whi ch we visited last summer.has made an important n突破 我们去年夏天参观的工厂，最近在新技术方面取 brearough in new technology recently..得子量要卖破。 A.where which C.what D.when 6)The man who fixed our car yesterday is experienced in dealing 昨天修好我们汽车的那位男士在处理发动机问 with engine problems. 题方面有经验。 A.whom B.which C.when who ⑨ Excellent:5 or 6 Good:3 or 4 Need to review::s2☐ 3 Read and write.根据所给情境进行写作。 假设你是学校学生会成员。为弘扬工匠精神，鼓励创新创意，学生会计划举办一次 “手工制作大赛”。请根据以下活动方案，撰写活动通知。 Handcraft Competition Plan手工大赛方案 Who can join Students who are interested in handmade crafts What to make Any type of handcraft When 9:00a.m.-11:30a.m,April20 Where School gym How to register Send an email to SU@***.edu.cn by April 10 Prize Be an apprentice to a handcraft master for a month 成为手工艺大师的学徒一个月 写作要求 1.说明比赛的名称及目的； 2.说明比赛的具体安排、参赛要求及 注意事项； 3.鼓励大家积极参与； 4.长度80词左右。 126 Words and Expressions craft n.工艺，手艺；v.精心制作； fitv.安装；适合adj.合适的；健康的； craftsman n.工匠，手艺人 fitness n.健康；适合 craftsmanship /'kra:ftsmanfip/n. fitter /'fita(c)/n.钳扛 institute'Instrtju:t/n.研究所 institutionn.机构；制度； 细作 spiritual adj.精神上的；spirited adj.精力充沛的 nstitutional adj.机构的 spirit'spirrt/n.精神（不可数） be in a good mood心情好 at a high rate高速地 be in a bad mood心情不好 rate /rert/v.评价rating.评级，评分 bein.mood心情…be in no mood to do sth没心情做某事 astronomer n.天文学家；astronomy/h'stronami/n.天文学 keep one's spirits up保持高昂的情绪 astronomical adj.天文学的：巨大的 anniversary/enuv3:r)sari/n.周年纪念 ,radio telescope射电里远镜 telescope n.望远镜；，派生词： annual adj..年度的（同词根ann,-年） to是介词，后面接名词doing telescopic adj..望远镜的 numerous/'nju:maras/ad.众多的 devote…to将…奉献于 seeker n.追寻者 (修饰可数名词复数) devotion n.奉献；热爱； 9 scekodt方求做某ek//sik/v.寻我eed.完美的；v.使完善智 t名词doing(不接do） be capable of有.的能万 devoted adj..忠实的；献身的 道求完美rfection羡莞美地 take measures采取措施 measure n.措施；办法；尺寸v.测量 folk /fauk/ad.民间的；民俗的 clay figure泥塑clay n..黏土：泥土： insistence n.坚持： fioure n.雕像；人物；数字 sth. insistent adj,.坚持的 insist/n'sIst/y.坚持 人+take charge of负责… capable adj..有能力的； inspire/m'spaa(r)/v.鼓舞；赋予灵感 capability n.能力；才能 heart and soul全心全意 inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人/事； soul/saul/n.灵魂 inspired adj.受到启发的； apprenticeship n.学徒期，学徒身份 inspiring adj.令人鼓舞的 apprentice/prentis/n.学徒；徒弟 inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事 weld /weld/v.焊接welder n.焊工；welding n.焊接（工艺） weld A to B把A焊接到B上 explore /ik'splb(r)/v.探索 exploration n.探索；explorer n.探脸家 explore sth探索某物 explore the unknown探索未知 take measures to do sth采取措施做某事 insist on/upon(doing)sth坚持（做）某事 insist that从句：表“坚持要求”：从句用(should)+动词 原形表“坚持认为”：陈述语气 辨析： 人+in charge of+物（介词短语，表状态：负责）； 物+in the charge of+-人由"负责