Unit 6 Living History of Culture（期中复习讲义）-2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》以教材单元内容为基准，覆盖单元重点词汇、句型、语法、主题等核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型，包括复习课件、讲义和模拟卷，旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期中复习解决方案。 2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》 Unit 6 Living History of Culture 内容导航 词汇积累·对折自测 句型夯实·语法梳理 单元主题·提升训练 词汇积累·对折自测 （一）重点单词 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 金字塔 pyramid The pyramids are amazing constructions in Egypt. 2 古代的 ancient The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 3 广场；平方的 square I visited the Great Wall, the Tian’anmen Square and the Summer Palace. 4 尤其；特别 especially It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 5 提醒；使想起 remind The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 6 建造 construct They constructed the Eiffel Tower in 1889. 7 埃及 Egypt The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 8 真人大小的 life-sized The figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows. 9 有规律的 regular We regularly visit the Summer Palace in spring. 10 表情 expression Each face is different with different expressions. 11 令人惊叹地 amazingly Amazingly, no two are exactly the same. 12 精确地 exactly Amazingly, no two are exactly the same. 13 灰色的 gray These figures appear gray in color. 14 最初；本来 originally The Forbidden City was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. 15 延伸；绵延 stretch If it stretches out far, it covers a large area. 16 建设；建筑物 construction The pyramids are amazing constructions in Egypt. 17 极好的 fantastic If you think something is very good, you can say it is fantastic. 18 灿烂的；辉煌的 brilliant Fujian Tulou is a brilliant example of Chinese architecture. 19 兵马俑 terracotta In the main areas, there are over 8,000 terracotta figures and horses. 20 人物；塑像 figure The figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows. 21 皇帝 emperor It was amazing to see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, Qinshihuang. 22 地下的 underground It was amazing to see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, Qinshihuang. 23 首都 capital It’s the capital city of China and one of the most attractive places around the world. 24 有吸引力的 attractive It’s the capital city of China and one of the most attractive places around the world. 25 了不起的；令人惊叹的 amazing When I stepped into the museum of 14,000 square meters, it was amazing to see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, Qinshihuang. 26 安息之地 resting place He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. 27 排；行 row The figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows. 28 出现；显得 appear These figures appear gray in color. 29 绘画；涂色 paint In fact, they were originally beautifully painted in very bright colors, just like real people. 30 必看之地 must-see Today the Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 31 奇迹 wonder The Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 32 社区 community Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community. 33 吸引人的 inviting Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community. 34 文化 culture Every nation has a different culture, so do its eating habits. 35 习惯 habit Every nation has a different culture, so do its eating habits. 36 刺绣 embroidery Embroidery in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty. 37 京剧 Peking Opera Peking Opera is a cultural treasure of China. 38 传统的 traditional Peking Opera now helps introduce traditional Chinese culture to the world. 39 舞蹈 dance The lion dance and the dragon dance are two of the most popular folk dances in China. 40 民间的 folk The lion dance and the dragon dance are two of the most popular folk dances in China. 41 幸运；财富 fortune People believe they can drive bad luck away and bring good fortune. 42 历史 history Beijing has more than 3,000 years of history. 43 地方；地点 place It is the right place to learn about Chinese history. 44 感兴趣的 interested I’m interested in the Great Wall. 45 了解 learn about It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 46 长城 the Great Wall I visited the Great Wall, the Tian’anmen Square and the Summer Palace. 47 故宫 the Forbidden City The Forbidden City was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. （二）重点短语 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 兵马俑 the Terracotta Army Like most tourists, the first destination that I visited in Xi’an was the Terracotta Army. 2 布达拉宫 the Potala Palace 3 丝绸之路 the Silk Road 4 吉萨大金字塔 the Great Pyramid of Giza The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 5 尼罗河 Nile River 6 在……的边缘 on the edge of 7 使某人想起 remind sb. of The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 8 有……年的历史 have a history of ... years Beijing has more than 3,000 years of history. 9 对……感兴趣 be interested in I’m interested in the Great Wall. 10 了解 learn about It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 11 被列为 be listed as The Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 12 在……的时候 at the time when He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. 13 追溯到 date back to Embroidery in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty. 14 始于；可追溯到 go back to Both have a history that goes back to the Han Dynasty. 15 驱赶 drive ... away People believe they can drive bad luck away and bring good fortune. 16 等等 and so on There are so many places you can visit, including the Xi’an City Wall, the Shaanxi History Museum, the Terracotta Army, and so on. 17 亲自来体验 come and experience it by yourself Come and experience it by yourself. 18 世界上最……之一 one of the most ... in the world It’s the capital city of China and one of the most attractive places around the world. 句型夯实·语法梳理 1. 描述名胜古迹的位置与身份 be located in / lie in / stand in　位于；坐落于，用于交代古迹所在的位置。 be on the edge of　在……的边缘，常用于描写依山傍水的地理位置。 The Potala Palace stands on the edge of the city, facing the river.　布达拉宫坐落在城市边缘，面朝河流。 教材原句：It’s the place where I’ve always wanted to go. 教材原句：It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 2. 描述历史与年代 have a history of ... years　有……年的历史；date back to / go back to　追溯到，始于。 be built in + 年份　建于某年；originally　最初，本来。 The old town has a history of more than 600 years.　这座古城有六百多年的历史。 This kind of paper-cutting dates back to the Ming Dynasty.　这种剪纸可以追溯到明代。 教材原句：Beijing has more than 3,000 years of history. 教材原句：The Forbidden City was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. 教材原句：Embroidery in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty. 3. 定语从句：关系代词与关系副词 定语从句用来修饰前面的名词或代词（先行词）；先行词指人时用 who / whom，指物时用 which / that，表示所属关系用 whose。 先行词是表示地点、时间或原因的名词时，可用关系副词 where / when / why，它们在从句中作状语。 判断用关系代词还是关系副词，关键看从句中缺什么成分：缺主语或宾语用关系代词，成分完整时用关系副词。 The museum that we visited yesterday is very large.　我们昨天参观的那座博物馆很大。（缺宾语，用 that） 教材原句：Like most tourists, the first destination that I visited in Xi’an was the Terracotta Army. 教材原句：Both have a history that goes back to the Han Dynasty. 4. 关系副词 where 的用法 where 用于先行词是地点的定语从句，相当于 in / at / on + which，在从句中作地点状语。 常见先行词：place, village, city, museum, spot, site, house 等。 This is the village where my grandparents have lived for forty years.　这就是我祖父母住了四十年的那个村庄。 教材原句：It’s the place where I’ve always wanted to go. 教材原句：I grew up in the small village where I was born. 教材原句：The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 5. 关系副词 when 的用法 when 用于先行词是时间的定语从句，相当于 at / in / on + which，在从句中作时间状语。 常见先行词：day, year, time, moment, season, age 等。 I still remember the day when we planted the trees together.　我仍然记得我们一起种树的那一天。 教材原句：He will never forget the day when his father went to New York. 教材原句：He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. 6. 关系副词 why 的用法 why 用于先行词是 reason 的定语从句，相当于 for which，在从句中作原因状语。 注意：why 引导的定语从句只能修饰 the reason，其他情况要用 for which 或关系代词。 I don’t know the reason why he was late.　我不知道他迟到的原因。 教材原句：I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting yesterday. 教材原句：I don’t know why he didn’t come. 7. 关系副词与「介词 + which」的转换 where = in / at / on + which；when = in / at / on + which；why = for + which。 The village where I was born is not far from here. = The village in which I was born is not far from here.　我出生的村庄离这里不远。 The day when we met was rainy. = The day on which we met was rainy.　我们相遇那天在下雨。 This is the museum where the terracotta figures are displayed.　这就是展出兵马俑的那座博物馆。 8. 定语从句与宾语从句的区别 定语从句前必须有先行词，去掉从句后句子仍然完整；宾语从句直接作动词的宾语，去掉它是句子就不完整。 在 tell 后面的 where they are 作宾语，是宾语从句而不是定语从句，句中没有先行词。 教材原句：Could you tell me where they are? 9. 易错提醒 先行词是地点但从句缺主语或宾语时，仍要用 that / which，不能用 where。 The house where he lives is old.　他住的房子很旧。（live 不接宾语，用 where） The house that he bought is new.　他买的房子很新。（bought 缺宾语，用 that） 关系副词不能与「介词 + which」同时使用，如不能说 the city where I live in。 教材原句：I was reading when the boy came into my room. 10. 描述文化名胜与旅行体验的常用句式 remind sb. of sth.　使某人想起某事；be listed as　被列为。 be made of　由……制成；be attracted by　被……吸引。 Every year, millions of people come to see this wonder of human construction.　每年都有数百万人来看这一人类建筑的奇迹。 Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community.　走进去，你会发现一个有温度的社区。 教材原句：The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 教材原句：They constructed the Eiffel Tower in 1889. 教材原句：The Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 即时训练（建议用时：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. This is the village ____ I spent my childhood. A. which　B. that　C. where　D. who 2. I will never forget the day ____ we first met. A. when　B. which　C. that　D. what 3. The reason ____ he gave us was not true. A. why　B. that　C. when　D. where 4. Do you know the man ____ is talking with our teacher? A. which　B. whom　C. who　D. whose 5. The old temple ____ we visited last week has a history of 900 years. A. where　B. which　C. when　D. why 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 6. The museum ______ (build) in 1986. 7. This kind of embroidery ______ (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. 8. ______ (amaze), no two figures are exactly the same. 9. The palace is the place where the emperor ______ (live) in the past. 10. The Great Wall ______ (stretch) across northern China. 单元主题·提升训练 一、阅读理解 Located in the Huairou district of northern Beijing, the Jiankou Great Wall is a remarkable part of the Ming Great Wall. It is famous for its steep hills and its well-preserved ruins. Most of this section was built during the Ming Dynasty, from 1368 to 1644. For the past ten years, workers have taken care of this ancient wall. They follow a rule called “minimal intervention” (最小干预), which means repairing it with traditional skills and changing it as little as possible. A method known as the “Five Follows” guides them to follow the layers, the slope, the curves, the old marks and the broken parts of the wall. In this way the wall keeps its old look and the marks left by wind and rain. This way of working has become known as the “Jiankou Model”. It is now a standard and scientific system that puts heritage protection first. Visitors can still see the wall as it has stood for hundreds of years, instead of a brand-new one. Another change is that archaeological (考古的) work at Jiankou has brought many discoveries. Old tools, weapons and daily objects tell us how Ming soldiers lived and worked on the frontier (边疆). Repairing the Great Wall does not mean replacing the old bricks with new ones. It means letting the wall stand there with its own long history, so that people today can still feel close to the past. 1. What is the Jiankou Great Wall famous for? A. Its modern hotels and shops. B. Its steep hills and well-preserved ruins. C. Its tall towers built in the Tang Dynasty. D. Its bright colors and newly made bricks. 2. What does the “Five Follows” method tell workers to do? A. Replace all the broken parts with new bricks. B. Build a new wall right beside the old one. C. Cover the old wall with a stone path. D. Respect the old marks and broken parts of the wall. 3. Why is the “Jiankou Model” special? A. It puts heritage protection first. B. It makes the wall look completely new. C. It invites visitors to climb the wall freely. D. It was designed by foreign experts. 4. What do the discoveries at Jiankou tell us? A. The wall was built by foreign workers. B. The wall was never used by soldiers. C. Ming soldiers had a busy life on the frontier. D. All the objects found there are modern. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. A New Wall for Modern Beijing. B. Keeping History Alive on the Great Wall. C. How to Climb the Great Wall Safely. D. Why Visitors Should Stay Away from the Wall. 二、完形填空 For almost thirty years, Yang Liangen took care of a 900-year-old temple in Xiaonan village, Shanxi province. After several break-in attempts, he moved into the courtyard (院子) with his wife in 1997. The couple slept behind the gates and ____6____ the rare sculptures (雕塑) and wooden buildings day and night. Yang, then the village Party secretary, believed it was his duty to protect them. On one ____7____, his wife rushed outside with a flashlight after two people were seen chiseling (凿) through a wall, and the two men ____8____. No theft (盗窃) has happened ____9____ he became its caretaker. A major restoration (修复) in 2014 repaired the courtyard and brought back its old layout, and security cameras were installed, giving the couple their first truly peaceful sleep. Everything changed when the temple fully ____10____ to the public in 2024. As ____11____ in Shanxi’s ancient architecture grew, more people wanted to see it. Now Yang no longer sees strangers as a danger, but eagerly ____12____ their arrival. “We used to be afraid when people came,” he says. “Now we hope they will come.” During the National Day holiday that year, Yang ____13____ 1,280 visitors in a single day, a record for a site whose gates had long been kept shut. The crowds keep growing: more than 4,300 people visited the temple from October 1 to 3 this year. The temple did not become ____14____ overnight, and for Yang, the change reflects a broader ____15____ across China, where old buildings are drawing new attention. 6. A. cleaned　B. sold　C. guarded　D. painted 7. A. occasion　B. holiday　C. morning　D. weekend 8. A. returned　B. waited　C. shouted　D. fled 9. A. until　B. since　C. while　D. after 10. A. opened　B. closed　C. turned　D. moved 11. A. money　B. space　C. interest　D. noise 12. A. fears　B. awaits　C. refuses　D. records 13. A. invited　B. taught　C. guided　D. recorded 14. A. popular　B. quiet　C. empty　D. dangerous 15. A. problem　B. mistake　C. shift　D. habit 三、写作 16. 假如你是李华，刚刚参观完一处中国文化古迹。请你给英国朋友 Chris 写一封 80 词左右的电子邮件，介绍这次文化之旅。 内容包括： 1. 参观的地点和时间；2. 你看到或了解到的最有意思的内容； 3. 你的感受和邀请。 注意：不得出现真实信息，可适当增加细节。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》以教材单元内容为基准，覆盖单元重点词汇、句型、语法、主题等核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型，包括复习课件、讲义和模拟卷，旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期中复习解决方案。 2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》 Unit 6 Living History of Culture 内容导航 词汇积累·对折自测 句型夯实·语法梳理 单元主题·提升训练 词汇积累·对折自测 （一）重点单词 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 金字塔 pyramid pyramid 金字塔 The pyramids are amazing constructions in Egypt. 2 古代的 ancient ancient 古代的 The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 3 广场；平方的 square square 广场；平方的 I visited the Great Wall, the Tian’anmen Square and the Summer Palace. 4 尤其；特别 especially especially 尤其；特别 It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 5 提醒；使想起 remind remind 提醒；使想起 The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 6 建造 construct construct 建造 They constructed the Eiffel Tower in 1889. 7 埃及 Egypt Egypt 埃及 The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 8 真人大小的 life-sized life-sized 真人大小的 The figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows. 9 有规律的 regular regular 有规律的 We regularly visit the Summer Palace in spring. 10 表情 expression expression 表情 Each face is different with different expressions. 11 令人惊叹地 amazingly amazingly 令人惊叹地 Amazingly, no two are exactly the same. 12 精确地 exactly exactly 精确地 Amazingly, no two are exactly the same. 13 灰色的 gray gray 灰色的 These figures appear gray in color. 14 最初；本来 originally originally 最初；本来 The Forbidden City was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. 15 延伸；绵延 stretch stretch 延伸；绵延 If it stretches out far, it covers a large area. 16 建设；建筑物 construction construction 建设；建筑物 The pyramids are amazing constructions in Egypt. 17 极好的 fantastic fantastic 极好的 If you think something is very good, you can say it is fantastic. 18 灿烂的；辉煌的 brilliant brilliant 灿烂的；辉煌的 Fujian Tulou is a brilliant example of Chinese architecture. 19 兵马俑 terracotta terracotta 兵马俑 In the main areas, there are over 8,000 terracotta figures and horses. 20 人物；塑像 figure figure 人物；塑像 The figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows. 21 皇帝 emperor emperor 皇帝 It was amazing to see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, Qinshihuang. 22 地下的 underground underground 地下的 It was amazing to see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, Qinshihuang. 23 首都 capital capital 首都 It’s the capital city of China and one of the most attractive places around the world. 24 有吸引力的 attractive attractive 有吸引力的 It’s the capital city of China and one of the most attractive places around the world. 25 了不起的；令人惊叹的 amazing amazing 了不起的；令人惊叹的 When I stepped into the museum of 14,000 square meters, it was amazing to see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, Qinshihuang. 26 安息之地 resting place resting place 安息之地 He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. 27 排；行 row row 排；行 The figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows. 28 出现；显得 appear appear 出现；显得 These figures appear gray in color. 29 绘画；涂色 paint paint 绘画；涂色 In fact, they were originally beautifully painted in very bright colors, just like real people. 30 必看之地 must-see must-see 必看之地 Today the Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 31 奇迹 wonder wonder 奇迹 The Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 32 社区 community community 社区 Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community. 33 吸引人的 inviting inviting 吸引人的 Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community. 34 文化 culture culture 文化 Every nation has a different culture, so do its eating habits. 35 习惯 habit habit 习惯 Every nation has a different culture, so do its eating habits. 36 刺绣 embroidery embroidery 刺绣 Embroidery in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty. 37 京剧 Peking Opera Peking Opera 京剧 Peking Opera is a cultural treasure of China. 38 传统的 traditional traditional 传统的 Peking Opera now helps introduce traditional Chinese culture to the world. 39 舞蹈 dance dance 舞蹈 The lion dance and the dragon dance are two of the most popular folk dances in China. 40 民间的 folk folk 民间的 The lion dance and the dragon dance are two of the most popular folk dances in China. 41 幸运；财富 fortune fortune 幸运；财富 People believe they can drive bad luck away and bring good fortune. 42 历史 history history 历史 Beijing has more than 3,000 years of history. 43 地方；地点 place place 地方；地点 It is the right place to learn about Chinese history. 44 感兴趣的 interested interested 感兴趣的 I’m interested in the Great Wall. 45 了解 learn about learn about 了解 It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 46 长城 the Great Wall the Great Wall 长城 I visited the Great Wall, the Tian’anmen Square and the Summer Palace. 47 故宫 the Forbidden City the Forbidden City 故宫 The Forbidden City was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. （二）重点短语 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 兵马俑 the Terracotta Army the Terracotta Army 兵马俑 Like most tourists, the first destination that I visited in Xi’an was the Terracotta Army. 2 布达拉宫 the Potala Palace the Potala Palace 布达拉宫 3 丝绸之路 the Silk Road the Silk Road 丝绸之路 4 吉萨大金字塔 the Great Pyramid of Giza the Great Pyramid of Giza 吉萨大金字塔 The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 5 尼罗河 Nile River Nile River 尼罗河 6 在……的边缘 on the edge of on the edge of 在……的边缘 7 使某人想起 remind sb. of remind sb. of 使某人想起 The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 8 有……年的历史 have a history of ... years have a history of ... years 有……年的历史 Beijing has more than 3,000 years of history. 9 对……感兴趣 be interested in be interested in 对……感兴趣 I’m interested in the Great Wall. 10 了解 learn about learn about 了解 It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 11 被列为 be listed as be listed as 被列为 The Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 12 在……的时候 at the time when at the time when 在……的时候 He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. 13 追溯到 date back to date back to 追溯到 Embroidery in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty. 14 始于；可追溯到 go back to go back to 始于；可追溯到 Both have a history that goes back to the Han Dynasty. 15 驱赶 drive ... away drive ... away 驱赶 People believe they can drive bad luck away and bring good fortune. 16 等等 and so on and so on 等等 There are so many places you can visit, including the Xi’an City Wall, the Shaanxi History Museum, the Terracotta Army, and so on. 17 亲自来体验 come and experience it by yourself come and experience it by yourself 亲自来体验 Come and experience it by yourself. 18 世界上最……之一 one of the most ... in the world one of the most ... in the world 世界上最……之一 It’s the capital city of China and one of the most attractive places around the world. 句型夯实·语法梳理 1. 描述名胜古迹的位置与身份 be located in / lie in / stand in　位于；坐落于，用于交代古迹所在的位置。 be on the edge of　在……的边缘，常用于描写依山傍水的地理位置。 The Potala Palace stands on the edge of the city, facing the river.　布达拉宫坐落在城市边缘，面朝河流。 教材原句：It’s the place where I’ve always wanted to go. 教材原句：It’s a great place to learn about Chinese history, especially the Ming Dynasty. 2. 描述历史与年代 have a history of ... years　有……年的历史；date back to / go back to　追溯到，始于。 be built in + 年份　建于某年；originally　最初，本来。 The old town has a history of more than 600 years.　这座古城有六百多年的历史。 This kind of paper-cutting dates back to the Ming Dynasty.　这种剪纸可以追溯到明代。 教材原句：Beijing has more than 3,000 years of history. 教材原句：The Forbidden City was originally built in the Ming Dynasty. 教材原句：Embroidery in China dates back to the Shang Dynasty. 3. 定语从句：关系代词与关系副词 定语从句用来修饰前面的名词或代词（先行词）；先行词指人时用 who / whom，指物时用 which / that，表示所属关系用 whose。 先行词是表示地点、时间或原因的名词时，可用关系副词 where / when / why，它们在从句中作状语。 判断用关系代词还是关系副词，关键看从句中缺什么成分：缺主语或宾语用关系代词，成分完整时用关系副词。 The museum that we visited yesterday is very large.　我们昨天参观的那座博物馆很大。（缺宾语，用 that） 教材原句：Like most tourists, the first destination that I visited in Xi’an was the Terracotta Army. 教材原句：Both have a history that goes back to the Han Dynasty. 4. 关系副词 where 的用法 where 用于先行词是地点的定语从句，相当于 in / at / on + which，在从句中作地点状语。 常见先行词：place, village, city, museum, spot, site, house 等。 This is the village where my grandparents have lived for forty years.　这就是我祖父母住了四十年的那个村庄。 教材原句：It’s the place where I’ve always wanted to go. 教材原句：I grew up in the small village where I was born. 教材原句：The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt, where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 5. 关系副词 when 的用法 when 用于先行词是时间的定语从句，相当于 at / in / on + which，在从句中作时间状语。 常见先行词：day, year, time, moment, season, age 等。 I still remember the day when we planted the trees together.　我仍然记得我们一起种树的那一天。 教材原句：He will never forget the day when his father went to New York. 教材原句：He began to build his final resting place at the time when he was only 13 years old. 6. 关系副词 why 的用法 why 用于先行词是 reason 的定语从句，相当于 for which，在从句中作原因状语。 注意：why 引导的定语从句只能修饰 the reason，其他情况要用 for which 或关系代词。 I don’t know the reason why he was late.　我不知道他迟到的原因。 教材原句：I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting yesterday. 教材原句：I don’t know why he didn’t come. 7. 关系副词与「介词 + which」的转换 where = in / at / on + which；when = in / at / on + which；why = for + which。 The village where I was born is not far from here. = The village in which I was born is not far from here.　我出生的村庄离这里不远。 The day when we met was rainy. = The day on which we met was rainy.　我们相遇那天在下雨。 This is the museum where the terracotta figures are displayed.　这就是展出兵马俑的那座博物馆。 8. 定语从句与宾语从句的区别 定语从句前必须有先行词，去掉从句后句子仍然完整；宾语从句直接作动词的宾语，去掉它是句子就不完整。 在 tell 后面的 where they are 作宾语，是宾语从句而不是定语从句，句中没有先行词。 教材原句：Could you tell me where they are? 9. 易错提醒 先行词是地点但从句缺主语或宾语时，仍要用 that / which，不能用 where。 The house where he lives is old.　他住的房子很旧。（live 不接宾语，用 where） The house that he bought is new.　他买的房子很新。（bought 缺宾语，用 that） 关系副词不能与「介词 + which」同时使用，如不能说 the city where I live in。 教材原句：I was reading when the boy came into my room. 10. 描述文化名胜与旅行体验的常用句式 remind sb. of sth.　使某人想起某事；be listed as　被列为。 be made of　由……制成；be attracted by　被……吸引。 Every year, millions of people come to see this wonder of human construction.　每年都有数百万人来看这一人类建筑的奇迹。 Stepping inside, you’ll find an inviting community.　走进去，你会发现一个有温度的社区。 教材原句：The Great Wall reminds me of China’s ancient history. 教材原句：They constructed the Eiffel Tower in 1889. 教材原句：The Terracotta Army is a must-see for every visitor to Xi’an and has been listed as “The Eighth Wonder of the World”. 即时训练（建议用时：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1. This is the village ____ I spent my childhood. A. which　B. that　C. where　D. who 2. I will never forget the day ____ we first met. A. when　B. which　C. that　D. what 3. The reason ____ he gave us was not true. A. why　B. that　C. when　D. where 4. Do you know the man ____ is talking with our teacher? A. which　B. whom　C. who　D. whose 5. The old temple ____ we visited last week has a history of 900 years. A. where　B. which　C. when　D. why 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 6. The museum ______ (build) in 1986. 7. This kind of embroidery ______ (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. 8. ______ (amaze), no two figures are exactly the same. 9. The palace is the place where the emperor ______ (live) in the past. 10. The Great Wall ______ (stretch) across northern China. 【答案】 1.C　2.A　3.B　4.C　5.B　6.was built　7.dates　8.Amazingly　9.lived　10.stretches 【解析】 1. 从句 I spent my childhood 成分完整，先行词 village 是地点，用关系副词 where，选 C。 2. 先行词 the day 是时间，从句成分完整，用关系副词 when，选 A。 3. 从句中 gave 缺宾语，先行词是 the reason，仍用关系代词 that，选 B。 4. 先行词 the man 指人且在从句中作主语，用 who，选 C。 5. 从句中 visited 缺宾语，先行词指物，用 which，选 B。 6. 主语 The museum 与 build 是被动关系，且为过去，填 was built。 7. 描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语 This kind of embroidery 为单数，填 dates。 8. 修饰整个句子用副词，填 Amazingly。 9. 从句有 in the past，用一般过去时，填 lived。 10. 主语 The Great Wall 为单数，一般现在时填 stretches。 单元主题·提升训练 一、阅读理解 Located in the Huairou district of northern Beijing, the Jiankou Great Wall is a remarkable part of the Ming Great Wall. It is famous for its steep hills and its well-preserved ruins. Most of this section was built during the Ming Dynasty, from 1368 to 1644. For the past ten years, workers have taken care of this ancient wall. They follow a rule called “minimal intervention” (最小干预), which means repairing it with traditional skills and changing it as little as possible. A method known as the “Five Follows” guides them to follow the layers, the slope, the curves, the old marks and the broken parts of the wall. In this way the wall keeps its old look and the marks left by wind and rain. This way of working has become known as the “Jiankou Model”. It is now a standard and scientific system that puts heritage protection first. Visitors can still see the wall as it has stood for hundreds of years, instead of a brand-new one. Another change is that archaeological (考古的) work at Jiankou has brought many discoveries. Old tools, weapons and daily objects tell us how Ming soldiers lived and worked on the frontier (边疆). Repairing the Great Wall does not mean replacing the old bricks with new ones. It means letting the wall stand there with its own long history, so that people today can still feel close to the past. 1. What is the Jiankou Great Wall famous for? A. Its modern hotels and shops. B. Its steep hills and well-preserved ruins. C. Its tall towers built in the Tang Dynasty. D. Its bright colors and newly made bricks. 2. What does the “Five Follows” method tell workers to do? A. Replace all the broken parts with new bricks. B. Build a new wall right beside the old one. C. Cover the old wall with a stone path. D. Respect the old marks and broken parts of the wall. 3. Why is the “Jiankou Model” special? A. It puts heritage protection first. B. It makes the wall look completely new. C. It invites visitors to climb the wall freely. D. It was designed by foreign experts. 4. What do the discoveries at Jiankou tell us? A. The wall was built by foreign workers. B. The wall was never used by soldiers. C. Ming soldiers had a busy life on the frontier. D. All the objects found there are modern. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. A New Wall for Modern Beijing. B. Keeping History Alive on the Great Wall. C. How to Climb the Great Wall Safely. D. Why Visitors Should Stay Away from the Wall. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. A　4. C　5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍北京箭扣长城以“最小干预”为原则的保护理念、做法与成效，并说明考古发掘对了解明代戍边生活的意义。 【详解】1. 细节理解题。第一段说明箭扣长城以陡峭的山势和保存完好的残貌闻名，故选 B。 2. 细节理解题。第二段介绍“五随”技法，要求顺着墙体的层、坡、弯、旧痕与残破之处修复，故选 D。 3. 细节理解题。第三段说明“箭扣模式”是一套把遗产保护放在首位的标准化、科学化修复体系，故选 A。 4. 细节理解题。第四段指出出土的工具、兵器与生活用品反映了明代戍边军士的生活与劳作，故选 C。 5. 主旨大意题。全文围绕“让长城带着历史继续站立”的保护理念展开，故选 B。 二、完形填空 For almost thirty years, Yang Liangen took care of a 900-year-old temple in Xiaonan village, Shanxi province. After several break-in attempts, he moved into the courtyard (院子) with his wife in 1997. The couple slept behind the gates and ____6____ the rare sculptures (雕塑) and wooden buildings day and night. Yang, then the village Party secretary, believed it was his duty to protect them. On one ____7____, his wife rushed outside with a flashlight after two people were seen chiseling (凿) through a wall, and the two men ____8____. No theft (盗窃) has happened ____9____ he became its caretaker. A major restoration (修复) in 2014 repaired the courtyard and brought back its old layout, and security cameras were installed, giving the couple their first truly peaceful sleep. Everything changed when the temple fully ____10____ to the public in 2024. As ____11____ in Shanxi’s ancient architecture grew, more people wanted to see it. Now Yang no longer sees strangers as a danger, but eagerly ____12____ their arrival. “We used to be afraid when people came,” he says. “Now we hope they will come.” During the National Day holiday that year, Yang ____13____ 1,280 visitors in a single day, a record for a site whose gates had long been kept shut. The crowds keep growing: more than 4,300 people visited the temple from October 1 to 3 this year. The temple did not become ____14____ overnight, and for Yang, the change reflects a broader ____15____ across China, where old buildings are drawing new attention. 6. A. cleaned　B. sold　C. guarded　D. painted 7. A. occasion　B. holiday　C. morning　D. weekend 8. A. returned　B. waited　C. shouted　D. fled 9. A. until　B. since　C. while　D. after 10. A. opened　B. closed　C. turned　D. moved 11. A. money　B. space　C. interest　D. noise 12. A. fears　B. awaits　C. refuses　D. records 13. A. invited　B. taught　C. guided　D. recorded 14. A. popular　B. quiet　C. empty　D. dangerous 15. A. problem　B. mistake　C. shift　D. habit 【答案】6. C　7. A　8. D　9. B　10. A　11. C　12. B　13. D　14. A　15. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述山西晋城小南村杨连根夫妇二十八年守护二郎庙，从“守庙人”变成“讲解员”，并在旅游热潮中迎来大批访客的故事。 【详解】6. 夫妇俩睡在门后，日夜看护庙里的塑像和木构建筑，guard 意为“看守”，选 C。 7. on one occasion 意为“有一次”，引出妻子夜里冲出去查看的情形，选 A。 8. 正在凿墙的两个人被手电吓跑，flee 意为“逃走”，选 D。 9. 主句用现在完成时，表示“自从他成为看护人以来”，选 since，故选 B。 10. 2024 年二郎庙正式向公众开放，open to the public 意为“向公众开放”，选 A。 11. 后文说更多人想来参观，说明人们对山西古建的“兴趣”在增长，interest 意为“兴趣”，选 C。 12. 与前半句 no longer sees strangers as a threat 构成转折，await 意为“期待”，选 B。 13. 他一天之内“记下”1280 位访客，record 意为“记录”，选 D。 14. 与 overnight（一夜之间）搭配，说明二郎庙并非一夜走红，popular 意为“受欢迎的”，选 A。 15. 结尾总结这一变化反映出更广泛的“转变”，shift 意为“转变”，选 C。 三、写作 16. 假如你是李华，刚刚参观完一处中国文化古迹。请你给英国朋友 Chris 写一封 80 词左右的电子邮件，介绍这次文化之旅。 内容包括： 1. 参观的地点和时间；2. 你看到或了解到的最有意思的内容； 3. 你的感受和邀请。 注意：不得出现真实信息，可适当增加细节。 【参考范文】 Dear Chris, Last week I visited the Terracotta Army in Xi’an with my family. It was built for Emperor Qinshihuang more than 2,000 years ago. In the main hall, over 8,000 life-sized figures stand in regular rows, and no two faces are exactly the same. What surprised me most is that they were once painted in bright colors. Our guide also told us the story of the farmers who found them in 1974, and I bought a small model of a warrior as a souvenir. Yours, Li Hua 【写作思路】按“交代参观地点与时间—描述所见与所学—表达感受并发出邀请”展开。首段点明参观对象及其年代，次段用 life-sized、regular rows、exactly the same 等本单元表达介绍细节，并补充讲解中的见闻。 【句式拓展】1. Last week I visited ... with ... 用于开头交代旅行的时间、地点和同伴。 2. What surprised me most is that ... 用于突出最令人印象深刻的一点，语气自然。 3. ... stand in regular rows, and no two ... are exactly the same. 用于描写成排的塑像及其细微差别。 4. I really hope you can come and see ... one day. 用于结尾表达邀请，呼应单元目标 describe cultural products and travel experiences。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $