Unit 4 Section A Grammar Focus 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A Grammar Focus (3a~3c) learning aims To master the formation rules of superlative degrees for adjectives and adverbs through observation and induction; 01 To correctly use superlative forms in both spoken and written English. 02 Lead-in Let’s watch a video! 3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? 形容词 副词 最高级 Observe the words and find the rules. large — largest heavy — heaviest big — biggest fast — fastest useful — the most useful interesting — the most interesting Grammar 形容词和副词的最高级的构成 (1) 规则变化 构成方法 原级 最高级 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，最高级词尾加-est tall; short; fast tallest；shortest；fastest 以字母e结尾的词，最高级词尾加-st large; late largest；latest 重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后最高级词尾加-est big; fat; thin biggest；fattest；thinnest 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，先把y改为i，然后最高级词尾加-est easy; heavy; early easiest；heaviest；earliest 多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加most构成最高级 beautiful; popular most beautiful；most popular Summary -iest -est most -st -末尾辅音est 2. 以e结尾的单音节词加-r/-st cute-cutest; large-largest 1 .一般情况下的单音节词 fast-fastest; long-longest heavy--heaviest; happy--happiest 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的词 4. 重读、闭音节、1个辅音字母结尾 big-biggest; thin-thinnest most useful;most interesting 5. 部分双音节词 原级 最高级 例句 good(形容词) / well(副词) best She is the best student in the class. He plays the piano best among us. bad(形容词) / badly(副词) worst This is the worst movie I've ever seen. She performed worst in the competition. many(形容词) / much(副词) most This is the most interesting book I've read. She works most efficiently in the team. little (形容词/副词 ) least He has the least experience in this field. She speaks English the least fluently among us. far (形容词/副词 ) farthest (具体距离的远近) The moon is the farthest celestial body we can see. furthest (抽象意义的深远) She has thought furthest about the future of AI. (2) 不规则变化 常用的不规则形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化形式 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best many/ much more most bad/ ill/ badly worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest far farther/further farthest/furthest 注意：不规则变化需特殊记忆！！！ Exercise Write the superlative forms of the following words. late strange hot comfortable lazy _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ cute shy honest happy good _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ _____________ latest strangest hottest most comfortable laziest cutest shyest most honest happiest best The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. 通常用于三者或三者以上的范围，of/ in/during 说明比较范围 形容词的最高级前必须有the，副词的最高级前可以省略the How do we use superlatives ? Grammar 形容词和副词的最高级的用法 1. 表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用带有in、of、among的短语等来说明比较的范围。形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省去。 例如：①The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. ②In my country, July is the hottest month of the year. ③The cheetah runs (the) fastest among all land animals. 某一范围内的比较用in 同一类事物范围内的比较用of 副词最高级前的the可以省去哦 Grammar 例如：This is my worst performance. She is Lucy’s best friend. 记住: 如果最高级前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格等修饰语时则不再用定冠词the。 2.最高级的常用结构 (1) the + 形容词或副词最高级 + in / of 短语 ……中最……的 例如：Tom is the tallest in his class. Tom runs (the) fastest of all the students. Grammar (2) 序数词与最高级结合 例如：The Yangtze River is the third longest river in the world. (3) one of the + 形容词或副词最高级 +名词复数 表示“最……之一” 例如：Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world. (4) 特殊疑问句中的最高级 例如：Which animal jumps the highest, the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog? Who is the kindest person in your family? (5) 比较级表达最高级的含义 例如：Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. =Julia is the tallest girl in her class. the similarities the differences 适用对象 变化规则 比较级 最高级 比较级 最高级 适用范围 标志词 Comparatives & Superlatives adj. adv. 两者 ≥三者 than a little a lot much even the in of -est -st -est 双写est most -er -r -ier 双写er more Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets. 1. Among all animals, I love pandas the best. I think they are _________ (cute) animals in the world. 2. Which do you think is __________________ (beautiful), the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower? 3. Look at that butterfly! It has ________________ (colourful) wings. 4. Which animal jumps ___________ (high), the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog? 5. The elephant birds were ___________ (large) and _________ (heavy) birds ever on earth. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg. the cutest the most beautiful the most colourful (the) highest the largest heaviest 3b Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box. ancient beautiful common good popular The ginkgo tree is one of ________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ________________. This tree is over 1,400 years old. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is ____________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of _________________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of _____________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. the most ancient the most beautiful the best the most common 3c the most popular The ginkgo tree Think and share Which kind of animal do you think is the cutest? Which kind of flower do you think is the most beautiful? What fruit do you think is the sweetest? Which subject do you think is the most interesting? Which season do you think is the most comfortable? Which sport do you think is the most exciting? Summary New words land; African; rose; peony; lotus; butterfly; wing; frog; weigh; kg; ginkgo; province; take a walk the superlatives Grammar (1) 形容词和副词一般具有最高级结构 (2) 最高级的构成：①单音节、双音节、多音节；②规则变化和不规则变化 (3) 最高级的用法：①表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较； ②最高级的常用结构 Exercise 一、根据句子语境，用括号中形容词的最高级形式填空。 Tom is ___________ (tall) student in his class. Mount Everest is ___________ (high) mountain in the world. She is ___________ (kind) person I know. December is ___________ (cold) month of the year here. Math is ______________ (difficult) subject for me. Spring is ___________ (good) season of the year, I think. the tallest the highest the kindest the coldest the most difficult the best Exercise 二、找出句子中的错误并改正。 I think this is the interestingest movie. _______________________________________________ 2. The Great Wall is one of most famous places in China. _______________________________________________ 3. That was the baddest day of my life! _______________________________________________ I think this is the most interesting movie. The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in China. That was the worst day of my life! Exercise 1.Hainan is a very large Island. It is the second _________ island in China. (large) 2.Our teacher is as ______ as before. (busy). 3.He is __________________ among us. (careful) 4.Li Lei jumped far ________ than Jim. (far) 5.The busier he is, the ________ he feels. (happy) 6.Edison was_____________________________in the world. (最伟大的发明家之一） busy the most careful farther happier largest 三、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 one of the greatest inventors Exercise 四、语法填空。 China is an amazing country. It has the world’s _______ (high) mountain. The Yangtze River is its _______(long). Pandas are the ___________ (famous) of all the animals in our country. The Silk Road is the _______(old) trading road to the world. When we plan a trip, making choices doesn’t mean to choose the _________(good) or the _______________(expensive) one, but the __________ (proper) one. best most expensive most proper highest longest most famous oldest Homework ✍ 从Unit 1- 4 单词列表中选出10个形容词/副词，写出其最高级形式，并查阅是否正确。 ✍ 用英语描述自己的 “家乡之最”（如最美的景点、最美味的食物等 ），写一篇80 词的短文，下节课分享 。 Lavf58.29.100 $