Unit 2 Success-Lesson3 Getting to the Top 词汇课件-2026-2027学年高中英语北师大版 (2019)选择性必修第一册

选修一U2 Lesson 3 Getting to the Top 词汇学习 extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ n. 极端 extremely adv. 极其，极度 ➢ to extremes 走极端 ➢ in extreme cases 在极端情况下 【教材原句】I have always lived my life to extremes. 我一直过着走极端的生活。 adj. 极端的； strive /straɪv/ vi. 努力；奋斗 strive-strove-striven ➢ strive for sth. 为……奋斗 ➢ strive to do sth. 力争做某事 ➢ strive against 与……抗争 【教材原句】...anyone who is striving for greatness. ……任何一个追求卓越的人。 3 encyclopaedia /ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdiə/ n. 百科全书 encyclopedic adj. 百科全书式的；学识广博的 /ɪnˌsaɪkləˈpiːdɪk/ 4 entry /ˈentri/ n. 条目 enter v. 进入；登录 ➢ make an entry 记入 ➢ entry into 进入 n. 进入,入口 ➢ encyclopaedia entry 百科条目 5 academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ adj. 学术的 academy n. 专科院校；研究院；academically adv. 在学术上 ➢ academic book 学术著作 ➢ academic achievement 学术成就 ➢ academic research 学术研究 【教材原句】Is it from an encyclopaedia entry, an academic book or possibly a blog? 它是出自百科全书条目、学术书籍，还是一篇博客？ ruin /ˈruːɪn/ vt. 毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 ruins n.（复数）废墟；ruined adj. 毁坏的 ➢ ruin one's health 损害健康 ➢ be in ruins 成为废墟 ➢ fall into ruin 破败，衰落 ➢ reduce...to ruins 把……变为废墟 【教材原句】I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed, ruining a family holiday in France... 我想起无数错过的生日派对和外出夜晚，毁掉了一次在法国的家庭假期…… 单句语法填空: ①The whole town ________ (ruin) by the heavy storm last night. ②Many houses were reduced to ________ (ruin) in the storm. ③He served four years in prison, emerging to find his brilliant career ________ ruins. 完成句子: ④To our disappointment, the bad weather ________________ (毁了我们的旅行)． ⑤That mistake _____________ (毁掉了他的机会) of getting the job. ⑥Their shape has made them less likely to ___________ (倒塌 was ruined ruins in ruined our journey ruined his chance fall into ruin [拓展]　单复数意义不同的常考词： ruin 毁灭→ruins 废墟 damage 损害→damages 损害赔偿金 force 力量→forces 武装力量 instruction 指导→instructions 说明(书) spirit 精神→spirits 情绪，心境 skip /skɪp/ vt. 不做（本来应做的事）；蹦跳着走 skip-skipped-skipped ➢ skip nights out 放弃外出 ➢ skip meals 不吃饭 ➢ skip over 略过 ➢ skip along 连蹦带跳地走 ➢ skip rope 跳绳 【教材原句】As one of the Olympic athletes, I miss birthday parties, ruin family holidays and skip nights out... 作为一名奥运选手，我错过生日派对、毁掉家庭假期、放弃外出聚会…… defensive /dɪˈfensɪv/ adj. 戒备的，自卫的 defend v. 保卫；防御；defence n. 防御；保卫 ➢ on the defensive 处于戒备状态 ➢ defensive measures 防御措施 【教材原句】I could have become angry or defensive. 我本可能会生气或者心存戒备。 element /ˈeləmənt/ n. 基本部分；要素 elementary adj. 基本的；初级的 ➢ elements of ……的部分/要素 ➢ basic elements 基本要素 【教材原句】However, deep down I knew elements of what he was saying were right. 然而，内心深处我知道他说的一些话是有道理的。 workout /ˈwɜːkaʊt/ n. 训练，锻炼 work out v. 锻炼；解决；算出 ➢ have a workout 进行锻炼 ➢ mental workout 脑力训练 intensity /ɪnˈtensəti/ n. 强度；强烈 intense adj. 强烈的；紧张的；intensely adv. 强烈地 ➢ mental intensity 心理压力 ➢ high intensity 高强度 【教材原句】I was always tired and every workout had a mental intensity that seemed too much for most to handle. 我总是疲惫不堪，每一次训练都伴随着巨大的精神强度，大多数人难以承受。 selfish /ˈselfɪʃ/ adj. 自私的，自私自利的 selfless adj. 无私的；selfishly adv. 自私地；selflessly adv. 无私地 ➢ selfish behaviour 自私的行为 ➢ be selfish with 对……自私 【教材原句】Who am I doing this for? How much is too much? Why am I doing this? How can I be so selfish? 我这么做是为了谁？做到什么程度才算过度？我为什么坚持？我怎么会如此自私？ sacrifice /ˈsækrɪfaɪs/ n. 牺牲 sacrifice v. 牺牲；献出 ➢ make sacrifices 做出牺牲 ➢ sacrifice for 为……牺牲 【教材原句】What are the sacrifices for? 这些牺牲究竟是为了什么？ countless /ˈkaʊntləs/ adj. 无数的，数不尽的 count v. 计数；counter n. 柜台； countable adj. 可数的；uncountable adj. 不可数的 ➢ countless birthday parties 无数的生日派对 ➢ countless times 无数次 【教材原句】I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed... 我想起无数个我错过的生日派对和外出夜晚…… hire /ˈhaɪə/ vt. 租用 hire n. 租用；租金 ➢ hire a car 租车 ➢ hire out 出租 ➢ for/on hire 供出租 ➢ hire oneself out to sb./sth. 受雇于某人/某机构 【教材原句】...almost missing my brother's wedding because I was too busy hiring a car in downtown Johannesburg... ……差点错过我弟弟的婚礼，因为我忙着在约翰内斯堡市中心租车…… [拓展]　hire/employ v．雇用←→反fire/dismiss v．解雇 [比较]　hire / employ / rent (1)hire指短期、临时或一次性“雇用；租用”，宾语可以是人，也可以是物； (2)employ指长时间“雇用”，宾语一般是人； (3)rent指长时间“出租；租用”，宾语一般是房屋、土地等，如rent a house租用房子。 单句语法填空 ①There are three small boats available ________ hire. ②He hired ________ (he) to work in the fields for one summer. ③David used to hire ________ his car when he didn't need it himself. ④The professor hired a young man ________ (drive) for him every day. 选词填空：hire / rent / employ ⑤I would rather have my own house than ________． ⑥I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to ________ a car. ⑦It's standard practice for a company like this one to ________ a security officer.   for/on himself　 out　 to drive rent hire employ triathlete /traɪˈæθliːt/ n. 铁人三项运动员 athlete n. 运动员； athletic adj. 体育运动的；健壮的 ➢ local triathletes 当地铁人三项运动员 【教材原句】...in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes. ……为了和当地的铁人三项运动员一起集体骑行。 boil /bɔɪl/ vi. & vt. （使）沸腾，煮沸 boiling adj. 滚烫的；boiled adj. 煮熟的 ➢ boil away 煮干 ➢ boil sth.down to 概括为，压缩为 ➢ boil with anger 怒火中烧 boiling water 沸水 boiled water 开水 boiling hot 滚烫的；炎热的 boil down to sth 归结为；要点是 ➢ boil down to this 归结起来就是 ➢ boil down the passage 概括文章 单句语法填空 ①Here's some ________ (boil) water. Have a drink whenever you're thirsty. ③The water is ________ (boil) hot. Pour it from one cup to another repeatedly to cool it. ④You can boil the long story down ________ a few sentences and it still has the same meaning. ⑤He was so concentrated on the TV programme that he forgot the cooking and the water in the pot boiled _______ boiled　 boiling　 to　 away　 enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的 enormously adv. 极其；巨大地 ➢ an enormous amount of 巨量的 ➢ enormous pressure 巨大压力 【教材原句】It boils down to this: I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination. 归结起来就是：我天生就拥有极强的干劲和决心。 stay in 待在家里 ➢ stay in bed 卧床休息 ➢ stay behind 留下 ➢ stay up late 熬夜 【教材原句】From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play... 从小，午饭时间我就待在教室里赶功课，而不是出去玩…… length /leŋθ/ n. 长度 long adj. 长的；lengthen v. 延长，加长 ➢ in length 在长度上 ➢ at length 详尽地 ➢ the length of ……的长度 ➢ two metres in length＝two metres long 两米长……的长度 【教材原句】...go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games... 别的孩子在泳池里玩耍时，我要游100个泳池长度…… [小知识]　 “数词＋单位量词＋in＋length / height / width / depth” =“数词＋单位量词＋long /high / wide/ deep”。 The house is 9 metres in height, and 14 metres in length． ＝The house is 9 metres high, and 14 metres long． 单句语法填空 ①The snake usually reaches ________ length of 100 cm. ②She got a headache if she had to read for any ________ (long) of time. ③The room he has just rented is about 9 metres ________ length and 3 metres wide. ④They talked about the comedy last night ________ length that he would star in. 同义句转换 ⑤The biggest is about four metres in length, weighing 500 kilogrammes. →________________________________，weighing 500 kilogrammes. a length in at The biggest is about four metres long rugby /ˈrʌɡbi/ n. （英式）橄榄球 play rugby 打橄榄球 【教材原句】I was the only girl in a rugby club of 250 boys. 我是一个有250名男生的橄榄球俱乐部里唯一的女生。 apply oneself to sth 努力；专心致志于某事 apply v. 申请；应用； application n. 申请；应用； applicant n. 申请人 ➢ apply to 适用于 ➢ apply for 申请 ➢ apply…to… 把……应用于 【教材原句】...no matter what it is I'm applying myself to. ……无论我专心投入去做的是什么事。 apart /əˈpɑːt/ adj. & adv. 分开；散开 ➢ tell apart 区分 ➢ fall apart 崩溃，破碎 ➢ take apart 拆开 set sb / sth apart 使与众不同 【教材原句】...that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors. ……正是你在准备过程中多付出的那一点点努力，让你在竞争者中脱颖而出。 单句语法填空 ①Anna did what she could to keep the marriage from falling ________． 选词填空：set/take/tell ② But even to the trained eye, two species of earthworms can be tough to ________ apart. ③ Two rooms were ________ apart for use as libraries. ④ He ________ apart two old chairs in order to make a sofa. apart tell　 set　 took platform /ˈplætfɔːm/ n. 舞台；月台 ➢ winner's platform 冠军领奖台 ➢ train platform 火车站台 【教材原句】...if your dream is to be the best and reach the winner's platform... ……如果你的梦想是成为顶尖选手，站上冠军领奖台…… injured /ˈɪndʒəd/ adj. 受伤的 injure v. 使受伤；injury n. 伤害，伤口 ➢ get injured 受伤 ➢ the injured 伤员 ➢ injured back 受伤的背部 【教材原句】...even if it means getting injured... ……即使这意味着会受伤…… outstanding /aʊtˈstændɪŋ/ adj. 杰出的，优秀的 stand v. 站立；突出 ➢ outstanding years 辉煌的岁月 ➢ outstanding achievement 杰出成就 average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. & n. 平庸的，普通的；平均水平；平均数 averagely adv. 普通地；平均地 ➢ on average 平均 ➢ above/below average 高于/低于平均水平 ➢ an average of 平均有 【教材原句】"I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average." “我宁愿拥有三四年战绩辉煌的巅峰时光，也不要十年平平无奇的日子。” normal /ˈnɔːməl/ adj. 正常的，平常的 abnormal adj. 反常的；normally adv. 正常地 ➢ return to normal 恢复常态 ➢ under normal circumstances 在通常情况下 【教材原句】It is certainly not a balanced way to live and it is certainly not normal... 这当然不是一种均衡的生活方式，也并不寻常…… ➢ normal college 师范学院 [单词积累]　 ab-否定前缀(离去、相反、不)： abuse v．& n．滥用 absorb v．吸收 [句式]　 It is/was normal (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说)做某事是正常的。 It is/was abnormal (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说)做某事是不正常的。 单句语法填空 ①The rainy season in the Andes ________ (normal) starts in December. ②We must delay our journey because of the ________ (normal) weather conditions. ③My wife was delighted that things had returned ________ normal once more. ④It is normal ________ (feel) anxious about your and your family's safety. normally　 abnormal　 to to feel Thank you ! $