精品解析：重庆市第一中学校 2026-2027学年上学期初三10月阶段性消化作业二 英语试卷

初2027届阶段性消化作业二 英语试卷 （全卷共十一个大题。满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。 2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第I卷（共90分） I．听力测试。（共35分） 第一节（每小题1分，共6分） 听一遍。根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. A. Thank you. B. Let’s go. C. Congratulations! 2. A. I like it. B. No, you can’t. C. With pleasure. 3. A. She likes chemistry. B. She is inspiring. C. I don’t think so. 4. A. About two hours. B. Twice a week. C. Three hundred meters. 5. A. No problem. B. I don’t need it. C. I agree with you. 6. A. It’s a wonderful subject. B. It’s very hard. C. Doing maths problems. 第二节（每小题1.5分，共9分） 听一遍。根据你所听到的对话和问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 7. A. /ˈdʒentl/. B. /ˈnætʃrəl/. C. /ˈdʒenrəl/. 8. A. Yaming. B. David. C. Adam. 9. A. Brave and active. B. Quiet and shy. C. Outgoing and funny. 10. A. 90. B. 130. C. 220. 11. A. A teacher. B. An educator. C. An astronaut. 12. A. B. C. 第三节（每小题1.5分，共6分） 听两遍。根据你所听到的长对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第13和14小题。 13. When did Huang Wenxiu begin her village work? A. In 2014. B. In 2016. C. In 2018. 14. Why does Linda look up to Huang Wenxiu? A. Because she knew much about mountain villages. B. Because she improved local people’s living conditions. C. Because she wrote many moving and inspiring stories. 听第二段材料，回答第15和16小题。 15. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Doctor and patient. 16. What will Peter do next? A. Make a study plan. B. Ask his friends for help. C. Do the most difficult homework. 第四节（每小题1.5分，共6分） 听两遍。根据你所听到的短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 17. Where did the Second World Robot Competition take place? A. In Shanghai. B. In Beijing. C. In Chengdu. 18. What is special about the robot Tiangong Omni? A. Its running way. B. Its control system. C. Its appearance 19. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in daily-life tasks? A. Housework. B. Rescue work. C. Farming. 20. What can scientists get from the robot games? A. More robot prizes. B. Robots for house-cleaning work. C. Ways to make new technology better. 第五节（每小题2分，共8分） 听两遍。根据你所听到的演讲内容，补全笔记，每空1词，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 Conclusion: I’ll help with the development of my hometown because of the 24. ________ changes. II．语法选择。（每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Zizhi Tongjian is also called A Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government. It is ____1____ great ancient Chinese historical work. It records more than 1,300 years of history in clear time order. Completed in 1084 by Sima Guang and a team of scholars, the book took them nineteen years ____2____ and check old documents. It is regarded as one of China’s most valuable history ____3____ . Sima Guang wrote it mainly for the emperor. He expected ____4____ rulers could draw lessons from past events and make wise decisions for the country. Deeply impressed by ____5____ value, Emperor Shenzong named it Zizhi Tongjian, meaning “using history as a mirror to govern”. It turned out to be a creative and meaningful title. At that time, there ____6____ heated discussions in the government. Instead of taking part in these arguments, Sima Guang dedicated himself to studying human behavior and social rules. He believed history could provide practical lessons ____7____ long-term peace, and he treated historical events as important learning materials that could teach rulers good lessons. For modern readers, the book is an open treasure of human experience. It shows how ancient emperors ruled their countries in a ____8____ way. Truly, the past is a mirror that reflects who we are. Maybe that’s the reason why this great work ____9____ for centuries. In the past, only emperors could read it. Nowadays, people can read it ____10____ on the Internet. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. collecting B. collected C. to collect 3. A. books B. book C. book’s 4. A. what B. that C. if 5. A. it B. its C. it’s 6. A. are B. were C. will be 7. A. for B. with C. by 8. A. wise B. wisely C. wisdom 9. A. last B. lasted C. has lasted 10. A. easily B. easier C. the most easily 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍《资治通鉴》，包括它的编写、命名由来以及它的价值。 【1题详解】 句意：它是一部伟大的中国古代历史著作。 great是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a；an用于元音音素开头的单词前，the表特指，不符合语境。 【2题详解】 句意：这本书花了他们十九年的时间收集和核对古籍。 固定句型：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 表示“花费某人多长时间做某事”，所以用to collect。collecting/collected形式不符。 【3题详解】 句意：它被看作中国最有价值的历史书籍之一。 固定结构one of + 可数名词复数，表示“……之一”，所以用books。book单数；book’s所有格，形式不符。 【4题详解】 句意：他期望统治者可以从过去的事件中吸取教训，为国家做出明智的决定。 expect后接that引导的宾语从句，that只起连接作用，无实义；what在从句中要充当成分，if表“是否”，不符合语境。 【5题详解】 句意：宋神宗对它的价值印象深刻，将它命名为《资治通鉴》，意思是“以史为鉴来治理国家”。 its是形容词性物主代词，意为“它的”，修饰名词value；it它，it’s=it is（它是），不符合语境。 【6题详解】 句意：那时，朝廷里有激烈的讨论。 At that time（在那时）是过去的时间，本句为there be句型，discussions是复数，be动词用were。are/will be时态不符。 【7题详解】 句意：他相信历史能够为长治久安提供现实借鉴，他把历史事件当作重要学习材料，给统治者启示。 固定搭配provide sth. for sth. 意为“为……提供……”，此处选for。with/by不符合此搭配。 【8题详解】 句意：它展示了古代帝王是如何用明智的方式治理国家的。 此处修饰名词way，要用形容词；wise形容词（明智的）符合语境。wisely副词，wisdom名词（智慧）词性不符。 【9题详解】 句意：也许这就是这部伟大著作持续流传几个世纪的原因。 时间状语for centuries（数个世纪以来），是现在完成时标志，结构have/has + 过去分词，所以用has lasted。last/lasted时态不符。 【10题详解】 句意：如今，人们可以在网上轻松读到它。 此处修饰动词read，用副词原级easily；easier是比较级，the most easily是最高级，本句无比较含义。 III．完形填空。（每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 I have never been very good at learning languages. But next year, I am going to work in the Congo (刚果). I want to learn enough Lingala, one of the local languages, to have simple conversations with people there. ____11____, I am worried because I am busy and don’t have much free time to take classes. So I have found a language-learning app called Memrise, which fits easily into my daily life. To be honest, when I got a ____12____ moment at home, I used to check messages or watch short videos on the phone. Now, I use those few minutes to learn new words instead. With Memrise, learning feels light and fun, not stressful. Each section only takes five or ten minutes, so it is easy to keep going every day. Memrise is fun. It gives me new words to learn. These are “____13____” in my “greenhouse”. When I practise, I “water my plants” and they grow. ____14____ the app believes I have remembered a word, it moves the word to my “garden”. I get points as my garden grows. Then I can compare ____15____ with other users. If I ____16____ to log on (登录), the app sends messages or emails to me. The app uses two learning ideas. First, we remember words better by ____17____ them with pictures. For example, when I want to memorize “motele”, the Lingala word for “engine”, the picture can remind me ____18____ the word. The other idea is that Memrise helps us review what we’ve learned before learning something new. We only spend several minutes on it a day. So far, I have learned hundreds of Lingala words, but it can’t make me feel ____19____. I will continue to learn because I want to do more than just greet people when I meet them in the Congo. I may come across many difficulties, but I’ll tell myself: just take things step by step, start simple and ____20____. Now, I need to go and water my vocabulary! 11. A. However B. Generally C. Unluckily D. Instead 12. A. busy B. spare C. happy D. recent 13. A. learners B. tools C. seeds D. resources 14. A. When B. Unless C. Although D. Because 15. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. yourself 16. A. manage B. prepare C. forget D. refuse 17. A. linking B. comparing C. mixing D. filling 18. A. for B. in C. from D. of 19. A. enjoyable B. tired C. confident D. sad 20. A. come up B. grow up C. give up D. build up 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述作者因要去刚果工作而学习林加拉语，利用软件克服时间困难，通过趣味方式积累词汇，逐步建立信心的经历。 【11题详解】 句意：然而，我很担心，因为我很忙且没有太多空闲时间上课。 根据前后文转折逻辑，可知需要表示转折的副词。However意为“然而”，符合转折语境。 【12题详解】 句意：老实说，当我在家有空闲时刻时，我过去常查看信息或在手机上看短视频。 根据“check messages or watch short videos”可知是在闲暇时间。spare意为“空闲”符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：这些是我“温室”里的“种子”。 根据后文“‘water my plants’ and they grow”，可知是植物生长的比喻。seeds意为“种子”符合温室生长语境。 【14题详解】 句意：当应用认为我已经记住了一个单词，它就把这个词移到我的“花园”。 根据句中结构和语境可知，此处需要连词引导时间状语从句，When意为“当……时”符合语法结构。 【15题详解】 句意：然后我可以把我自己与其他用户进行比较。 此处表示和自己比较，主语为I，需用反身代词myself，意为“我自己”。 【16题详解】 句意：如果我忘记登录，应用会发送消息或邮件给我。 根据“sends messages... to me”，可知此处表示忘记登录。forget意为“忘记”符合提醒的语境。 【17题详解】 句意：首先，我们通过图片连接它们来更好地记住单词。 link...with...为固定搭配，意为“把……和……联系起来”。 【18题详解】 句意：例如，当我想要记住“motele”这个林加拉语单词（意思是engine发动机）时，图片能提醒我那个单词。 remind sb. of sth为固定搭配，意为“使某人想起某物”。所以选of。 【19题详解】 句意：到目前为止，我已经学了数百个林加拉单词，但这不能让我感到自信。 根据“but”及后文“continue to learn”可知还不够自信。confident意为“自信的”，符合逻辑关系。 【20题详解】 句意：我或许会遇到很多困难，但我会告诉自己：凡事一步一步来，从简单开始并逐步积累。 根据“step by step”及学习进程，可知是逐步积累。build up意为“逐步积累”，符合循序渐进的语境。 IV．阅读理解。（每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A Create a lovely and eye-catching poster for your pet shop to attract pet lovers and grow business! 21. What file types does the poster template support? A. PDF, PSD and PNG. B. PPT, PNG and PBM. C. PNG, PDF and PPT. D. PBM, PNG and PDF. 22. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Users need to pay for the poster template plan. B. It is not easy to make QR codes for the designs. C. The template size is Letter (21.59 × 27.94 cm). D. The poster template is designed by Simple Design Company. 23. Who is the passage mainly for? A. Pet shop owners. B. Pet trainers. C. Animal lovers. D. Animal doctors. 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一款由Colourful Design Company推出的宠物店海报模板，包含模板尺寸、支持的文件类型、费用等基本信息，以及模板的编辑功能，可帮助使用者制作吸引宠物爱好者、提升店铺业绩的宣传海报。 【21题详解】 文章Template details部分的“File type PNG, PDF, PPT”说明海报模板支持的文件类型为PNG、PDF和PPT。 【22题详解】 文章Template details部分的“Size Letter (21.59 × 27.94 cm)”说明该海报模板的尺寸为Letter规格（21.59×27.94厘米）。 【23题详解】 文章开头“Create a lovely and eye-catching poster for your pet shop to attract pet lovers and grow business!”表明本文的目标受众是宠物店店主。 B Autumn brings beautiful scenery with leaves turning red, yellow, and orange. Every time we walk through parks or forests, these colorful leaves paint the world with warmth and fascination. Have you ever wondered why this happens? It’s all about science and nature’s magic. Leaves are like small “food factories” for trees. During spring and summer, they make food using sunlight, water, and chlorophyll (叶绿素). It gives leaves their bright green color and works hard to keep trees growing. This food-making process is very important for trees to live. Chlorophyll needs plenty of sunlight to work well, so leaves stay green when days are long and warm. With the arrival of autumn, days get shorter and the temperature drops. Trees slow down their food-making process to save energy for winter. The chlorophyll breaks down and disappears gradually, bringing out other colors that were hidden before. Yellow and orange come from natural coloring matters called carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), which are always in leaves but masked by green. Red and purple are made when trees produce anthocyanins (花青素) to protect leaves from the cold. The amount of sunlight and rain in late autumn also influences how bright these colors are—more sunny days often lead to richer red. Finally, the trees shed their leaves because they stop sending water and food to them. This natural process helps trees live through the cold winter. The fallen leaves then turn into food for the soil, helping trees grow new leaves next spring. Autumn leaf colors are not just pretty—they are nature’s smart way of preparing for the changing seasons. It’s a wonderful example of how plants get used to the world around them. 24. What causes chlorophyll to break down in autumn? A. Less sunlight and longer days. B. Lower temperatures and more water. C. Less sunlight and lower temperatures. D. Lower temperatures and longer days. 25. Which sentence uses “shed” with the same meaning as the underlined word in the passage? shed/ʃed/①n. 棚，小屋 ②v. 流（泪、血） ③v.去除，摆脱 ④v.（自然）脱落，掉（叶、毛、皮） A. Dad keeps his garden tools in a wooden shed. B. A dog sheds its fur in hot weather to keep cool. C. She shed tears of joy when her daughter came home. D. The company decided to shed hundreds of jobs to cut costs. 26. How do fallen leaves help trees? A. By reducing carotenoids in autumn. B. By producing anthocyanins in summer. C. By keeping trees warm in cold winter. D. By helping trees grow new leaves next spring. 27. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Beautiful Scenery in Autumn B. How Trees Get Through Cold Winter C. Different Colors of Plants in Winter D. Why Leaves Change Colors in Autumn 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要解释了秋天树叶变色的科学原理，介绍了叶绿素分解、其他色素显现的过程，以及落叶对树木生存和生长的意义。 【24题详解】 第3段“With the arrival of autumn, days get shorter and the temperature drops...The chlorophyll breaks down...”直接说明日照变短意味着阳光减少，气温下降意味着温度降低，这两者共同导致叶绿素分解。 【25题详解】 第4段“Finally, the trees shed their leaves...”及题目所给释义④”说明文中指树叶自然脱落，选项B中描述狗在热天掉毛与此含义相同。 【26题详解】 第4段“The fallen leaves then turn into food for the soil, helping trees grow new leaves next spring.”直接给出答案：落叶转化为土壤养分，帮助树木在次年春天长出新叶。 【27题详解】 文章开篇提出树叶为何变色，随后从科学角度解释变色原因及落叶作用，全文围绕秋天树叶变色原因展开，所以D选项“为什么叶子在秋天变色”符合核心主题。 C He arrived with a wooden box. There was a cut across his face. He sang as he walked up to the inn (小酒馆) door. Our inn was on the cliffs above Black Hill Cove, and was a wild, lonely place, but the old sailor (水手) seemed to like it. He ordered a glass of rum (朗姆酒). “Do many people come here?” he asked nervously. “No,” my father said. “Then this is the place for me,” said the sailor. “You may call me Captain.” He put some gold coins on the table. He was a quiet man. He walked by the water by day and drank at night. When drunk, he told dark stories that scared guests away. Each day he told me worriedly to watch for a one-legged sailor, and promised to give me a silver coin if I let him know. One afternoon Dr. Livesey came. I saw the difference between the white-haired doctor and that dirty, red-faced captain. The captain began to sing. Dr. Livesey did not like it and talked to old Taylor, the gardener. The captain hit the table for quiet, but the doctor kept speaking. The captain used a bad word, then said, “Quiet!” “Are you speaking to me, sir?” asked the doctor. “Yes,” said the captain. “I have one thing to say,” replied the doctor. “     ▲      if you keep drinking,” The captain jumped up with a knife, but the doctor did not move. He spoke in a calm, clear voice so all could hear: “If you do not put that knife down, I promise you will die as a bad man under the law.” Then came a long look between them. But the captain put away his knife and sat like a dog that had lost a game. Soon Dr. Livesey left on his horse. The captain said nothing for many evenings after. Excerpt adapted from Treasure Island 28. What did the captain promise to give the kid? A. A gold coin. B. A silver coin. C. A glass of rum. D. A wooden box. 29. Why did the captain decide to stay at the inn above Black Hill Cove? A. Because it was close to the seaside and good for singing. B. Because he was waiting for Livesey’s visit that afternoon. C. Because the food and rum there were the best in the area. D. Because he wanted to avoid the crowd and to stay alone. 30. Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A. You will get freedom in the end B. You’ll disappear from the world soon C. People will notice your dirty shirt D. People will worry or leave you alone 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. A quiet inn and a friendly stranger. B. What the writer’s father saw at the inn. C. A worried stranger and a scary fight. D. What the doctor thought of the stranger. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章改编自《金银岛》，讲述了一位神色紧张的神秘船长入住偏僻旅馆，因饮酒喧闹与利弗西医生发生正面冲突，最终在医生的威慑下屈服的故事。 【28题详解】 根据文章第七段“Each day he told me worriedly to watch for a one-legged sailor, and promised to give me a silver coin if I let him know.”可知，船长承诺如果孩子告诉他独腿水手的消息，会给孩子一枚银币。 【29题详解】 根据文章第三至五段“Do many people come here?...No...Then this is the place for me,”以及第二段描述的“wild, lonely place”可知，船长选择这里是因为人少偏僻，他想避开人群独自居住。 【30题详解】 根据文章第十三段医生警告的语气“I have one thing to say,”以及第十五段后续提到的后果“I promise you will die as a bad man under the law.”可知，空白处应是医生对船长饮酒行为的严重警告，表示会有糟糕的后果，“You’ll disappear from the world soon.”符合语境。 【31题详解】 通读全文，文章主要围绕一位神情担忧的陌生船长入住旅馆，以及随后与医生之间发生的紧张对峙事件展开，“A worried stranger and a scary fight.”最符合文章主旨。 D On July 10, China made history. For the first time, China caught the Long March 10B rocket after it flew into space. A ship at sea used a big net to catch it, marking the world’s first net-based rocket recovery (回收). The rocket was launched (发射) from Hainan. After its two stages separated, the second stage went on to send a satellite into space, while the first stage returned to a ship in the ocean. Most rockets come down on four legs. But the new rocket used four “hooks” to catch the net made of strong cables (缆绳). The new way needs no heavy legs. So the rocket can be lighter and carry more. The new rocket system also allows for more landing mistakes. For example, a US company uses two long arms from a tower to catch rockets. That leaves less room for mistakes than the wide net. Besides, the strong cables also protect the rocket and help reuse. But the new way is also a big challenge. A very tall rocket comes down from high and must meet a ship moving with the waves. “It is like dropping a pen from the top of a 100-floor building and having it go perfectly into a penholder on the ground,” said Hao Jinjie, one of the project scientists. This gives the Linghangzhe, China’s first rocket-catching ship, much work to do. It uses a system that can be controlled from far away. It is strong enough to move even with 67-meter-tall, 3500-ton net structures, and 1900-ton machines. With this new way, the reusability of rockets is expected to grow greatly. “We could see costs go down by 20 to 30 percent. With more work, the number could reach 50 or 60 percent,” Hao told CCTV. This is key because these rockets are expected to send Chinese people to the moon by 2030. 32. Which line shows the correct way of Long March 10B’s recovery? A. A B. B C. C D. D 33. Why does the writer mention a US company’s method of landing? A. To show China’s method is able to accept more mistakes. B. To explain why China uses lighter legs and longer arms. C. To tell the US company is facing technology difficulties. D. To suggest China should learn from the US landing method. 34. What can we infer from the passage? A. Linghangzhe is strong enough to move with heavy tools. B. The rocket waste will reach 50 to 60 percent in the future. C. Catching a landing rocket is as easy as getting a pen into a penholder. D. China’s rocket catching is a proud success to help future space goals. 35. How does the writer organize the passage from Paragraph 1 to 6? A. Event → Reason → Benefits → Danger → Support → Result B. Event → Method → Benefits → Challenge → Support → Result C. Event → Benefits → Method → Challenge → Support → Meaning D. Event → Method → Benefits → Challenge → Support → Meaning 【答案】32. D 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国长征十号B火箭首次实现海上网捕式火箭回收这一历史性事件，依次说明了该回收方式的操作方法、技术优势、面临的挑战，介绍了回收船“领航者号”的支撑作用，以及这项技术对降低航天成本、助力未来载人登月等太空目标的重要意义。 【32题详解】 根据文章第2段“After its two stages separated, the second stage went on to send a satellite into space, while the first stage returned to a ship in the ocean.”和第5段“Linghangzhe, China’s first rocket-catching ship”可知，长征十号B回收的是火箭一级，一级分离后会落到海上的火箭捕捉船“领航者号”上，对应图中D线的轨迹。 【33题详解】 根据文章第3段“The new rocket system also allows for more landing mistakes. For example, a US company uses two long arms from a tower to catch rockets. That leaves less room for mistakes than the wide net.”可知，作者提及美国公司的回收方式，是为了说明中国的网捕式回收方法能接受更多着陆误差。 【34题详解】 根据文章第1段“On July 10, China made history. For the first time, China caught the Long March 10B rocket after it flew into space.”和第6段“This is key because these rockets are expected to send Chinese people to the moon by 2030.”可推知，中国的火箭捕集技术是值得骄傲的成功成果，且能为未来的太空目标提供助力。 【35题详解】 梳理段落内容：第1段引出火箭回收成功的事件（Event）；第2段介绍回收的具体方法（Method）；第3段说明该回收方式的优势（Benefits）；第4段点明回收面临的挑战（Challenge）；第5段介绍回收船“领航者号”的性能，为回收提供支撑（Support）；第6段阐述这项技术的重要意义（Meaning），与选项D的结构一致。 V．口语应用。（每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A: Hi, Bill. You seem to be deep in thought. What are you thinking about? B: Nothing much. ____36____ I have just read a book about him. A: Zhan Tianyou? I only know he was a great and famous Chinese engineer. ____37____ B: I’m really moved by him. He is now the person I admire the most. A: Wow, you’ve really made me curious. I’d like to know more about him. ____38____ B: Sure. He served as the chief engineer for the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, China’s first independently designed and built railway. A: That’s amazing. ____39____ B: Of course. He had to cut through hard rocks and build bridges across deep valleys. ____40____ A: How hard-working and persistent he was! B: I think so. That’s why I admire him. A. I’m thinking about Zhan Tianyou. B. Who is the person you admire the most? C. Did he face difficulties during the project? D. Yet he and his team still made it in the end. E. How do you feel after you read the book? F. Did he receive lots of prizes for his great work? G. Could you introduce his greatest achievements to me? 【答案】36. A 37. E 38. G 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了A和Bill关于中国著名工程师詹天佑的对话，Bill分享了自己读了一本关于詹天佑的书后的感受，并介绍了詹天佑修建京张铁路的艰难历程和伟大成就。 【36题详解】 A询问Bill在想什么，下文Bill刚读了一本关于他的书，A确认詹天佑？可知此处Bill应回答正在想詹天佑。选项A“I’m thinking about Zhan Tianyou.”符合语境。 【37题详解】 Bill回答被他感动了，可知上文A是在询问Bill读完书后的感受或想法。选项E“How do you feel after you read the book?”符合语境。 【38题详解】 A说想更多地了解他，下文Bill具体介绍了詹天佑作为总工程师修建京张铁路的成就，可知此处A是在请求介绍他的主要成就。选项G“Could you introduce his greatest achievements to me?”符合语境。 【39题详解】 Bill回答当然，随后描述了凿穿硬岩石等艰难情况，可知此处A询问的是他在项目中是否遇到了困难。选项C“Did he face difficulties during the project?”符合语境。 【40题详解】 Bill描述了工程面临的巨大困难，下文A赞叹勤奋和坚持不懈啊，可知此处应表达尽管困难重重但他们最终成功了，以此体现坚持不懈的精神。选项D“Yet he and his team still made it in the end.”符合语境。 第II卷（共60分） VI．任务型阅读。（65-66小题，每小题2分；67-68小题，每小题3分，共10分） 阅读下文并回答问题 In Manchester Art Museum, there is a special quiet room. No noisy crowds, no bright lights and no visitors gathering in front of the paintings. Three paintings are hung at a proper height, so visitors can look at them directly when they sit down on the soft sofa. The room is an experiment called “slow looking”. Usually, we walk around quickly, trying to see everything, but we do not really see anything. A recent study has shown that normally each visitor spends less than 30 seconds looking at a painting. If they take a photo of it, they look for even less time. Louise Thompson is the art museum consultant (顾问) who had the idea for this “mindfulness (正念) room”. She says that when people come in, they look nervous and do not want to talk to others. However, after ten or fifteen minutes, their bodies relax and they start talking to the person next to them. Thompson was inspired by Professor James. The professor believes that slowly enjoying artworks in museums is a meaningful way. He says, “People are always troubled by busy study and work. When they look at art slowly, they can escape (逃离) from daily pressure. Besides, when people calm down to enjoy art, they can think about their own feelings, life conditions and personal needs.” “Tiring daily life always brings low spirits. The beauty and warmth of art can cheer people up,” the professor added. The mindfulness room is only a short-term project, but Thompson hopes it will change how the museum treats visitors in the future. If museums are designed well, they can be places of deep rest and quiet thought. 41. Are visitors gathering in front of paintings in the special quiet room? __________________________________________________________________ 42. How long does each visitor spend looking at a painting normally? __________________________________________________________________ 43. According to Professor James, why should people look at art slowly? __________________________________________________________________ 44. Professor James suggests looking at art slowly. Can this “slow” idea also help us with our studies? Give your reasons. (about 30 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. No, they aren’t. 42. Less than 30 seconds. 43. Because they can escape from daily pressure and think about their own feelings. 44. Yes, it can. Studying slowly helps us understand knowledge deeply. It allows us to calm down and reduce pressure from busy schoolwork. Thus, we can improve efficiency and feel better. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了曼彻斯特艺术博物馆的一个特殊安静房间实验，旨在通过“慢看”艺术品帮助人们缓解压力、放松身心，并探讨了这种理念对未来的启示。 【41题详解】 根据文章第一段“No noisy crowds, no bright lights and no visitors gathering in front of the paintings.”可推知在这个特殊房间里游客没有聚集。答案为否定。 【42题详解】 根据文章第二段“A recent study has shown that normally each visitor spends less than 30 seconds looking at a painting.”可推知通常游客看画的时间不到30秒。答案为原文直接信息。 【43题详解】 根据文章第四段“When they look at art slowly, they can escape from daily pressure. Besides, when people calm down to enjoy art, they can think about their own feelings, life conditions and personal needs.”可推知慢看艺术可以帮助人们逃离压力并思考自身感受。根据原文信息作答即可。 【44题详解】 本题为开放性试题。结合文章第四段提到的慢下来可以“escape from daily pressure”和“think about their own feelings”的理念，将其迁移到学习上，说明慢学习有助于理解知识和减压，合理作答即可。 VII．根据括号内所给词的适当形式填空。（每空1分，共5分） 45. To get better grades, we should learn ________ (active) than before. 【答案】 more actively 【解析】 【详解】句意：为了取得更好的成绩，我们应该比以前更积极地学习。句中有“than before”表示比较，修饰动词learn需要用副词，active的副词形式为actively，其比较级为more actively，故填more actively。 46. It was amazing that Marie Curie ________ (discover) two new elements (元素). 【答案】discovered 【解析】 【详解】句意：令人惊叹的是，玛丽·居里发现了两种新元素。句子时态为一般过去时，discover的过去式为discovered。故填discovered。 47. The government led the villagers ________ (build) a new socialist village. 【答案】to build 【解析】 【详解】句意：政府带领村民们建设了一个社会主义新农村。根据“led the villagers”提示，lead sb. to do sth.“带领某人做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语补足语。build的不定式形式是to build。 48. The stories of these ________ (nation) heroes spread far and wide among teenagers. 【答案】national 【解析】 【详解】句意：这些民族英雄的故事在青少年中广为流传。后面是名词“heroes”，前面需要形容词修饰名词。 nation的形容词形式为national“民族的，国家的”。 49. During the meeting, some famous ________ (history) shared their valuable research results. 【答案】historians 【解析】 【详解】句意：在会议期间，一些著名的历史学家分享了他们宝贵的研究成果。空处作句子主语，表示人，some后接复数名词，history意为“历史”，其表示“历史学家”的名词是historian，复数形式是historians。 VIII．完成句子。（74-77小题，每空1分，78小题2分；共10分） 阅读短文，根据方框中的内容和各小题的提示，完成句子。 ➢ Online resources can help students by providing lots of learning materials. ➢ This is a good way for learners. ➢ They want to think on their own. ➢ 知道在网络时代如何成为智慧的学习者是有必要的。 ➢ progress, real, work, comes, always, from, hard Nowadays, plenty of online resources have become popular among students. AI tools and short-video lessons are widely used for schoolwork. ____50____ ____51____ online resources help students? (对划线部分提问) By providing lots of learning materials. With just a few clicks, students can find grammar notes or get suggestions for difficult problems. ____52____ ____53____ a good way for learners? (一般疑问句) Of course not. Some students depend on methods for quick improvements too much. They ____54____ ____55____ to think on their own. (否定句) In fact, such methods cannot help them truly understand knowledge. So ____56____ ____57____ to know how to become smart learners in the internet age. (完成译句) Instead of believing everything they read online, smart learners connect online tools with independent thinking. The internet brings many learning chances to students. The key is not to refuse these tools, but to learn to choose wisely. _____________________58_____________________.(连词成句) 【答案】50. How 51. can 52. Is 53. this 54. don’t 55. want 56. it’s 57. necessary 58. Real progress always comes from hard work. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍网络学习资源在学生中很受欢迎，说明了网络资源帮助学生的方式，指出学生不能过度依赖网络工具，要学会独立思考，明智选择，做智慧的学习者。 【50题详解】 句意：网络资源怎样帮助学生？原句划线部分by providing lots of learning materials表方式，对方式提问用疑问词How，首字母要大写。 【51题详解】 句意：网络资源怎样帮助学生？原句划线部分by providing lots of learning materials 表方式，对方式提问用疑问词How；原句是情态动词加动词原形，变问句借借助情态动词can。 【52题详解】 句意：这对学习者来说是一种好方法吗？原句是含be动词的一般现在时陈述句，变一般疑问句把be动词is提到句首，首字母要大写，is变为Is。 【53题详解】 句意：这对学习者来说是一种好方法吗？原句是含be动词的一般现在时陈述句，变一般疑问句把be动词is提到句首，后接主语this。 【54题详解】 句意：他们不想独立思考。原句是一般现在时，主语they，实义动词want，变否定句加助动词don’t。 【55题详解】 句意：他们不想独立思考。原句是一般现在时，主语they，实义动词want，变否定句加助动词don’t，后面动词用原形want。 【56题详解】 句意：知道在网络时代如何成为智慧的学习者是有必要的。本句使用固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth.，it是形式主语，和is共同构成句子的主谓部分。 【57题详解】 句意：知道在网络时代如何成为智慧的学习者是有必要的。本句使用固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth.，“有必要的”用necessary，作表语。 【58题详解】 句意：真正的进步总是来自努力。所给单词progress, real, work, comes, always, from, hard。real修饰progress作主语；comes from意为来自；hard work努力。故填Real progress always comes from hard work.。 IX．原文默写。（每小题1分，共5分。） 59. (Unit1) Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.… ________________ in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich. A businessman said, “My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. It is very convenient and doesn’t cost much money. I am able to get to places on time and ________________.” 【答案】 ①. Many changes have taken place ②. make business deals with ease 【解析】 【详解】略。根据人教版九年级上册Unit 1 Section B《How do changes influence us》部分内容可得出答案。 60. (Unit 2) …It was important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. He also believed states should ________________. Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, ________________…Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of ________________ for mankind. 【答案】 ①. avoid attacking one another ②. his ideas live on ③. shared future 【解析】 【60题详解】 根据课本原文“He also believed states should avoid attacking one another.”可知，墨子主张各国不应互相攻伐； 【61题详解】 根据课本原文“Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas live on.”可知，尽管墨子生活在两千多年前，但他的思想流传至今。 【62题详解】 根据课本原文“Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of shared future for mankind.”可知，墨子的兼爱非攻思想与人类命运共同体理念高度契合。 X．概要补全。（84和85小题，每小题2分；86和87小题，每小题3分，共10分。） 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Nan Rendong is widely known as the chief scientist of FAST, the world’s largest radio telescope. It is also called “China Sky Eye”. He is remembered as a scientific pioneer who never gave up. Nan was born in 1945 in Jilin, China, and in 1963 he entered Tsinghua University. He had dreamed of studying building design, but he ended up in radio engineering instead. At university, he was one of the best science students. He could always solve the most difficult math problems first. Besides studies, Nan also drew pictures, wrote poems, developed photographs, and played sports. At night he often liked lying on the sports field with his friends to point out stars. After graduating, Nan worked in a radio factory. There he helped the development of a small radio for China, and once stayed up all night to find one small fault in a machine. “If this problem isn’t solved, I can’t sleep,” he said, and this spirit made him who he was. In 1994, he had a wonderful idea: to build a huge and powerful radio telescope in the mountains of Guizhou. For over twenty years he led the team and solved many difficult problems, and their hard work provided important information for the world. Unfortunately, Nan fell sick later, but he still pushed the work forward, and even in hospital he kept thinking about the project. In 2016, after 22 years, FAST was finally completed. In September 2017 Nan passed away. Weeks later FAST discovered its first signal from space. So far it has found over 1000, and scientists use this excellent instrument to explore the universe. In 2018 a small star was named after him, and in 2019 he was given the great honour “People’s Scientist”. From a top student to a great scientist, Nan Rendong’s educational and working experiences encourage more Chinese students to look up at the night sky and make new discoveries for the good of mankind. Nan Rendong is a well-known Chinese scientist. He entered Tsinghua University in 1963. As a top student, he was always ____61____. Besides his excellent studies, ____62____. After graduating, Nan worked in a radio factory. In 1994, he had a wonderful idea of a huge and powerful radio telescope. He spent over twenty years ____63____, and he never stopped even when he was ill. From Nan’s life experiences, we can learn that ____64____ encourages us to make more contributions to mankind. 【答案】61. the first to work out the hardest math problems 62. he had many other hobbies 63. working on the great project 64. his never-give-up spirit 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国著名科学家、“中国天眼”FAST首席科学家南仁东的生平事迹，展现了他坚持不懈的科学精神。 【61题详解】 第二段提到他在大学时总是最先解出最难的数学题“He could always solve the most difficult math problems first”，空前是be动词was，需填名词短语作表语，可使用the first to do sth.结构，因此答案转换为the first to work out the hardest math problems。 【62题详解】 第三段提到除了学习，南仁东还画画、写诗、冲洗照片和运动“Nan also drew pictures, wrote poems, developed photographs, and played sports”，因此答案提取为he had many other hobbies。 【63题详解】 第五段提到他花了二十多年带领团队解决难题，推动项目完成“For over twenty years he led the team and solved many difficult problems”，空前有spent，其搭配为spend time (in) doing sth.，后接动名词，因此答案需转换为working on the great project。 【64题详解】 最后一段提到他的经历鼓励更多中国学生探索宇宙、为人类做贡献，结合全文他从未放弃的精神，空格在从句中作主语，需填名词短语，因此答案提取为his never-give-up spirit。 XI．书面表达。（20分） 65. 时光荏苒，转眼间我们已步入初三。回望初一刚踏入校园的自己，成长悄然发生。金秋十月，学校英语社团举办以“A Better Me”为主题的征文活动。请参考下面提供的思维导图，投稿分享你的“成长历程”。 要求：1．80-120词； 2．文中不得出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 A Better Me __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Better Me How time flies! Looking back, I have changed a lot and become a better me. I used to be shy and was afraid to speak in public. However, I have made a big change. Now, I am outgoing. This change is because of my English teacher, Miss Li. She always encouraged me to answer questions. It is very kind of her to help me build up my confidence. Besides, I have developed a good learning method. I find that making a study plan is very helpful. It helps me manage my time well. In a word, I feel proud of my growth. I believe I will be even better in the future. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：材料作文，以现在完成时和一般现在时为主 明确要点：你的一个改变，你遇到的一次启发，你发展的一种学习方法，你的感受 确定人称：第一人称 注意事项：80-120词，不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，总述自己的成长 主体段：分别详细说明自己的具体改变，遇到的一次启发，以及发展的一种学习方法 结尾段：总结自己的感受，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：你的一个改变 改变前：be shy/was afraid to speak in public/be careless等 改变后：outgoing/careful and meticulous等 要点二：你遇到的一次启发 人物：my English teacher/my best friend等 事件：encouraged me to answer questions/is very kind of her/help me build up my confidence/helps me with my homework等 要点三：你发展的一种学习方法 学习方法：making a study plan/helpful/helps me manage my time well/reading more books等 要点四：你的感受 感受：feel proud of my growth/will be even better in the future/feel happy in my school life/will keep going等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 初2027届阶段性消化作业二 英语试卷 （全卷共十一个大题。满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。 2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第I卷（共90分） I．听力测试。（共35分） 第一节（每小题1分，共6分） 听一遍。根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选出最恰当的答语，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 1. A. Thank you. B. Let’s go. C. Congratulations! 2. A. I like it. B. No, you can’t. C. With pleasure. 3. A. She likes chemistry. B. She is inspiring. C. I don’t think so. 4. A. About two hours. B. Twice a week. C. Three hundred meters. 5. A. No problem. B. I don’t need it. C. I agree with you. 6. A. It’s a wonderful subject. B. It’s very hard. C. Doing maths problems. 第二节（每小题1.5分，共9分） 听一遍。根据你所听到的对话和问题，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 7. A. /ˈdʒentl/. B. /ˈnætʃrəl/. C. /ˈdʒenrəl/. 8. A. Yaming. B. David. C. Adam. 9. A. Brave and active. B. Quiet and shy. C. Outgoing and funny. 10. A. 90. B. 130. C. 220. 11. A. A teacher. B. An educator. C. An astronaut. 12. A. B. C. 第三节（每小题1.5分，共6分） 听两遍。根据你所听到的长对话，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第13和14小题。 13. When did Huang Wenxiu begin her village work? A. In 2014. B. In 2016. C. In 2018. 14. Why does Linda look up to Huang Wenxiu? A. Because she knew much about mountain villages. B. Because she improved local people’s living conditions. C. Because she wrote many moving and inspiring stories. 听第二段材料，回答第15和16小题。 15. What’s the relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Mother and son. C. Doctor and patient. 16. What will Peter do next? A. Make a study plan. B. Ask his friends for help. C. Do the most difficult homework. 第四节（每小题1.5分，共6分） 听两遍。根据你所听到的短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 17. Where did the Second World Robot Competition take place? A. In Shanghai. B. In Beijing. C. In Chengdu. 18. What is special about the robot Tiangong Omni? A. Its running way. B. Its control system. C. Its appearance 19. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in daily-life tasks? A. Housework. B. Rescue work. C. Farming. 20. What can scientists get from the robot games? A. More robot prizes. B. Robots for house-cleaning work. C. Ways to make new technology better. 第五节（每小题2分，共8分） 听两遍。根据你所听到的演讲内容，补全笔记，每空1词，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应的位置。 Conclusion: I’ll help with the development of my hometown because of the 24. ________ changes. II．语法选择。（每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Zizhi Tongjian is also called A Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government. It is ____1____ great ancient Chinese historical work. It records more than 1,300 years of history in clear time order. Completed in 1084 by Sima Guang and a team of scholars, the book took them nineteen years ____2____ and check old documents. It is regarded as one of China’s most valuable history ____3____ . Sima Guang wrote it mainly for the emperor. He expected ____4____ rulers could draw lessons from past events and make wise decisions for the country. Deeply impressed by ____5____ value, Emperor Shenzong named it Zizhi Tongjian, meaning “using history as a mirror to govern”. It turned out to be a creative and meaningful title. At that time, there ____6____ heated discussions in the government. Instead of taking part in these arguments, Sima Guang dedicated himself to studying human behavior and social rules. He believed history could provide practical lessons ____7____ long-term peace, and he treated historical events as important learning materials that could teach rulers good lessons. For modern readers, the book is an open treasure of human experience. It shows how ancient emperors ruled their countries in a ____8____ way. Truly, the past is a mirror that reflects who we are. Maybe that’s the reason why this great work ____9____ for centuries. In the past, only emperors could read it. Nowadays, people can read it ____10____ on the Internet. 1. A. a B. an C. the 2. A. collecting B. collected C. to collect 3. A. books B. book C. book’s 4. A. what B. that C. if 5. A. it B. its C. it’s 6. A. are B. were C. will be 7. A. for B. with C. by 8. A. wise B. wisely C. wisdom 9. A. last B. lasted C. has lasted 10. A. easily B. easier C. the most easily III．完形填空。（每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 I have never been very good at learning languages. But next year, I am going to work in the Congo (刚果). I want to learn enough Lingala, one of the local languages, to have simple conversations with people there. ____11____, I am worried because I am busy and don’t have much free time to take classes. So I have found a language-learning app called Memrise, which fits easily into my daily life. To be honest, when I got a ____12____ moment at home, I used to check messages or watch short videos on the phone. Now, I use those few minutes to learn new words instead. With Memrise, learning feels light and fun, not stressful. Each section only takes five or ten minutes, so it is easy to keep going every day. Memrise is fun. It gives me new words to learn. These are “____13____” in my “greenhouse”. When I practise, I “water my plants” and they grow. ____14____ the app believes I have remembered a word, it moves the word to my “garden”. I get points as my garden grows. Then I can compare ____15____ with other users. If I ____16____ to log on (登录), the app sends messages or emails to me. The app uses two learning ideas. First, we remember words better by ____17____ them with pictures. For example, when I want to memorize “motele”, the Lingala word for “engine”, the picture can remind me ____18____ the word. The other idea is that Memrise helps us review what we’ve learned before learning something new. We only spend several minutes on it a day. So far, I have learned hundreds of Lingala words, but it can’t make me feel ____19____. I will continue to learn because I want to do more than just greet people when I meet them in the Congo. I may come across many difficulties, but I’ll tell myself: just take things step by step, start simple and ____20____. Now, I need to go and water my vocabulary! 11. A. However B. Generally C. Unluckily D. Instead 12. A. busy B. spare C. happy D. recent 13. A. learners B. tools C. seeds D. resources 14. A. When B. Unless C. Although D. Because 15. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. yourself 16. A. manage B. prepare C. forget D. refuse 17. A. linking B. comparing C. mixing D. filling 18. A. for B. in C. from D. of 19. A. enjoyable B. tired C. confident D. sad 20. A. come up B. grow up C. give up D. build up IV．阅读理解。（每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A Create a lovely and eye-catching poster for your pet shop to attract pet lovers and grow business! 21. What file types does the poster template support? A. PDF, PSD and PNG. B. PPT, PNG and PBM. C. PNG, PDF and PPT. D. PBM, PNG and PDF. 22. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. Users need to pay for the poster template plan. B. It is not easy to make QR codes for the designs. C. The template size is Letter (21.59 × 27.94 cm). D. The poster template is designed by Simple Design Company. 23. Who is the passage mainly for? A. Pet shop owners. B. Pet trainers. C. Animal lovers. D. Animal doctors. B Autumn brings beautiful scenery with leaves turning red, yellow, and orange. Every time we walk through parks or forests, these colorful leaves paint the world with warmth and fascination. Have you ever wondered why this happens? It’s all about science and nature’s magic. Leaves are like small “food factories” for trees. During spring and summer, they make food using sunlight, water, and chlorophyll (叶绿素). It gives leaves their bright green color and works hard to keep trees growing. This food-making process is very important for trees to live. Chlorophyll needs plenty of sunlight to work well, so leaves stay green when days are long and warm. With the arrival of autumn, days get shorter and the temperature drops. Trees slow down their food-making process to save energy for winter. The chlorophyll breaks down and disappears gradually, bringing out other colors that were hidden before. Yellow and orange come from natural coloring matters called carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), which are always in leaves but masked by green. Red and purple are made when trees produce anthocyanins (花青素) to protect leaves from the cold. The amount of sunlight and rain in late autumn also influences how bright these colors are—more sunny days often lead to richer red. Finally, the trees shed their leaves because they stop sending water and food to them. This natural process helps trees live through the cold winter. The fallen leaves then turn into food for the soil, helping trees grow new leaves next spring. Autumn leaf colors are not just pretty—they are nature’s smart way of preparing for the changing seasons. It’s a wonderful example of how plants get used to the world around them. 24. What causes chlorophyll to break down in autumn? A. Less sunlight and longer days. B. Lower temperatures and more water. C. Less sunlight and lower temperatures. D. Lower temperatures and longer days. 25. Which sentence uses “shed” with the same meaning as the underlined word in the passage? shed/ʃed/①n. 棚，小屋 ②v. 流（泪、血） ③v.去除，摆脱 ④v.（自然）脱落，掉（叶、毛、皮） A. Dad keeps his garden tools in a wooden shed. B. A dog sheds its fur in hot weather to keep cool. C. She shed tears of joy when her daughter came home. D. The company decided to shed hundreds of jobs to cut costs. 26. How do fallen leaves help trees? A. By reducing carotenoids in autumn. B. By producing anthocyanins in summer. C. By keeping trees warm in cold winter. D. By helping trees grow new leaves next spring. 27. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Beautiful Scenery in Autumn B. How Trees Get Through Cold Winter C. Different Colors of Plants in Winter D. Why Leaves Change Colors in Autumn C He arrived with a wooden box. There was a cut across his face. He sang as he walked up to the inn (小酒馆) door. Our inn was on the cliffs above Black Hill Cove, and was a wild, lonely place, but the old sailor (水手) seemed to like it. He ordered a glass of rum (朗姆酒). “Do many people come here?” he asked nervously. “No,” my father said. “Then this is the place for me,” said the sailor. “You may call me Captain.” He put some gold coins on the table. He was a quiet man. He walked by the water by day and drank at night. When drunk, he told dark stories that scared guests away. Each day he told me worriedly to watch for a one-legged sailor, and promised to give me a silver coin if I let him know. One afternoon Dr. Livesey came. I saw the difference between the white-haired doctor and that dirty, red-faced captain. The captain began to sing. Dr. Livesey did not like it and talked to old Taylor, the gardener. The captain hit the table for quiet, but the doctor kept speaking. The captain used a bad word, then said, “Quiet!” “Are you speaking to me, sir?” asked the doctor. “Yes,” said the captain. “I have one thing to say,” replied the doctor. “     ▲      if you keep drinking,” The captain jumped up with a knife, but the doctor did not move. He spoke in a calm, clear voice so all could hear: “If you do not put that knife down, I promise you will die as a bad man under the law.” Then came a long look between them. But the captain put away his knife and sat like a dog that had lost a game. Soon Dr. Livesey left on his horse. The captain said nothing for many evenings after. Excerpt adapted from Treasure Island 28. What did the captain promise to give the kid? A. A gold coin. B. A silver coin. C. A glass of rum. D. A wooden box. 29. Why did the captain decide to stay at the inn above Black Hill Cove? A. Because it was close to the seaside and good for singing. B. Because he was waiting for Livesey’s visit that afternoon. C. Because the food and rum there were the best in the area. D. Because he wanted to avoid the crowd and to stay alone. 30. Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A. You will get freedom in the end B. You’ll disappear from the world soon C. People will notice your dirty shirt D. People will worry or leave you alone 31. What is the passage mainly about? A. A quiet inn and a friendly stranger. B. What the writer’s father saw at the inn. C. A worried stranger and a scary fight. D. What the doctor thought of the stranger. D On July 10, China made history. For the first time, China caught the Long March 10B rocket after it flew into space. A ship at sea used a big net to catch it, marking the world’s first net-based rocket recovery (回收). The rocket was launched (发射) from Hainan. After its two stages separated, the second stage went on to send a satellite into space, while the first stage returned to a ship in the ocean. Most rockets come down on four legs. But the new rocket used four “hooks” to catch the net made of strong cables (缆绳). The new way needs no heavy legs. So the rocket can be lighter and carry more. The new rocket system also allows for more landing mistakes. For example, a US company uses two long arms from a tower to catch rockets. That leaves less room for mistakes than the wide net. Besides, the strong cables also protect the rocket and help reuse. But the new way is also a big challenge. A very tall rocket comes down from high and must meet a ship moving with the waves. “It is like dropping a pen from the top of a 100-floor building and having it go perfectly into a penholder on the ground,” said Hao Jinjie, one of the project scientists. This gives the Linghangzhe, China’s first rocket-catching ship, much work to do. It uses a system that can be controlled from far away. It is strong enough to move even with 67-meter-tall, 3500-ton net structures, and 1900-ton machines. With this new way, the reusability of rockets is expected to grow greatly. “We could see costs go down by 20 to 30 percent. With more work, the number could reach 50 or 60 percent,” Hao told CCTV. This is key because these rockets are expected to send Chinese people to the moon by 2030. 32. Which line shows the correct way of Long March 10B’s recovery? A. A B. B C. C D. D 33. Why does the writer mention a US company’s method of landing? A. To show China’s method is able to accept more mistakes. B. To explain why China uses lighter legs and longer arms. C. To tell the US company is facing technology difficulties. D. To suggest China should learn from the US landing method. 34. What can we infer from the passage? A. Linghangzhe is strong enough to move with heavy tools. B. The rocket waste will reach 50 to 60 percent in the future. C. Catching a landing rocket is as easy as getting a pen into a penholder. D. China’s rocket catching is a proud success to help future space goals. 35. How does the writer organize the passage from Paragraph 1 to 6? A. Event → Reason → Benefits → Danger → Support → Result B. Event → Method → Benefits → Challenge → Support → Result C. Event → Benefits → Method → Challenge → Support → Meaning D. Event → Method → Benefits → Challenge → Support → Meaning V．口语应用。（每小题1分，共5分） 阅读下面对话，从7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成此对话，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 A: Hi, Bill. You seem to be deep in thought. What are you thinking about? B: Nothing much. ____36____ I have just read a book about him. A: Zhan Tianyou? I only know he was a great and famous Chinese engineer. ____37____ B: I’m really moved by him. He is now the person I admire the most. A: Wow, you’ve really made me curious. I’d like to know more about him. ____38____ B: Sure. He served as the chief engineer for the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway, China’s first independently designed and built railway. A: That’s amazing. ____39____ B: Of course. He had to cut through hard rocks and build bridges across deep valleys. ____40____ A: How hard-working and persistent he was! B: I think so. That’s why I admire him. A. I’m thinking about Zhan Tianyou. B. Who is the person you admire the most? C. Did he face difficulties during the project? D. Yet he and his team still made it in the end. E. How do you feel after you read the book? F. Did he receive lots of prizes for his great work? G. Could you introduce his greatest achievements to me? 第II卷（共60分） VI．任务型阅读。（65-66小题，每小题2分；67-68小题，每小题3分，共10分） 阅读下文并回答问题 In Manchester Art Museum, there is a special quiet room. No noisy crowds, no bright lights and no visitors gathering in front of the paintings. Three paintings are hung at a proper height, so visitors can look at them directly when they sit down on the soft sofa. The room is an experiment called “slow looking”. Usually, we walk around quickly, trying to see everything, but we do not really see anything. A recent study has shown that normally each visitor spends less than 30 seconds looking at a painting. If they take a photo of it, they look for even less time. Louise Thompson is the art museum consultant (顾问) who had the idea for this “mindfulness (正念) room”. She says that when people come in, they look nervous and do not want to talk to others. However, after ten or fifteen minutes, their bodies relax and they start talking to the person next to them. Thompson was inspired by Professor James. The professor believes that slowly enjoying artworks in museums is a meaningful way. He says, “People are always troubled by busy study and work. When they look at art slowly, they can escape (逃离) from daily pressure. Besides, when people calm down to enjoy art, they can think about their own feelings, life conditions and personal needs.” “Tiring daily life always brings low spirits. The beauty and warmth of art can cheer people up,” the professor added. The mindfulness room is only a short-term project, but Thompson hopes it will change how the museum treats visitors in the future. If museums are designed well, they can be places of deep rest and quiet thought. 41. Are visitors gathering in front of paintings in the special quiet room? __________________________________________________________________ 42. How long does each visitor spend looking at a painting normally? __________________________________________________________________ 43. According to Professor James, why should people look at art slowly? __________________________________________________________________ 44. Professor James suggests looking at art slowly. Can this “slow” idea also help us with our studies? Give your reasons. (about 30 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ VII．根据括号内所给词的适当形式填空。（每空1分，共5分） 45. To get better grades, we should learn ________ (active) than before. 46. It was amazing that Marie Curie ________ (discover) two new elements (元素). 47. The government led the villagers ________ (build) a new socialist village. 48. The stories of these ________ (nation) heroes spread far and wide among teenagers. 49. During the meeting, some famous ________ (history) shared their valuable research results. VIII．完成句子。（74-77小题，每空1分，78小题2分；共10分） 阅读短文，根据方框中的内容和各小题的提示，完成句子。 ➢ Online resources can help students by providing lots of learning materials. ➢ This is a good way for learners. ➢ They want to think on their own. ➢ 知道在网络时代如何成为智慧的学习者是有必要的。 ➢ progress, real, work, comes, always, from, hard Nowadays, plenty of online resources have become popular among students. AI tools and short-video lessons are widely used for schoolwork. ____50____ ____51____ online resources help students? (对划线部分提问) By providing lots of learning materials. With just a few clicks, students can find grammar notes or get suggestions for difficult problems. ____52____ ____53____ a good way for learners? (一般疑问句) Of course not. Some students depend on methods for quick improvements too much. They ____54____ ____55____ to think on their own. (否定句) In fact, such methods cannot help them truly understand knowledge. So ____56____ ____57____ to know how to become smart learners in the internet age. (完成译句) Instead of believing everything they read online, smart learners connect online tools with independent thinking. The internet brings many learning chances to students. The key is not to refuse these tools, but to learn to choose wisely. _____________________58_____________________.(连词成句) IX．原文默写。（每小题1分，共5分。） 59. (Unit1) Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.… ________________ in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich. A businessman said, “My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. It is very convenient and doesn’t cost much money. I am able to get to places on time and ________________.” 60. (Unit 2) …It was important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were family, friends, or strangers. He also believed states should ________________. Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, ________________…Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to build a community of ________________ for mankind. X．概要补全。（84和85小题，每小题2分；86和87小题，每小题3分，共10分。） 阅读文章，用恰当的短语或句子补全概要。补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Nan Rendong is widely known as the chief scientist of FAST, the world’s largest radio telescope. It is also called “China Sky Eye”. He is remembered as a scientific pioneer who never gave up. Nan was born in 1945 in Jilin, China, and in 1963 he entered Tsinghua University. He had dreamed of studying building design, but he ended up in radio engineering instead. At university, he was one of the best science students. He could always solve the most difficult math problems first. Besides studies, Nan also drew pictures, wrote poems, developed photographs, and played sports. At night he often liked lying on the sports field with his friends to point out stars. After graduating, Nan worked in a radio factory. There he helped the development of a small radio for China, and once stayed up all night to find one small fault in a machine. “If this problem isn’t solved, I can’t sleep,” he said, and this spirit made him who he was. In 1994, he had a wonderful idea: to build a huge and powerful radio telescope in the mountains of Guizhou. For over twenty years he led the team and solved many difficult problems, and their hard work provided important information for the world. Unfortunately, Nan fell sick later, but he still pushed the work forward, and even in hospital he kept thinking about the project. In 2016, after 22 years, FAST was finally completed. In September 2017 Nan passed away. Weeks later FAST discovered its first signal from space. So far it has found over 1000, and scientists use this excellent instrument to explore the universe. In 2018 a small star was named after him, and in 2019 he was given the great honour “People’s Scientist”. From a top student to a great scientist, Nan Rendong’s educational and working experiences encourage more Chinese students to look up at the night sky and make new discoveries for the good of mankind. Nan Rendong is a well-known Chinese scientist. He entered Tsinghua University in 1963. As a top student, he was always ____61____. Besides his excellent studies, ____62____. After graduating, Nan worked in a radio factory. In 1994, he had a wonderful idea of a huge and powerful radio telescope. He spent over twenty years ____63____, and he never stopped even when he was ill. From Nan’s life experiences, we can learn that ____64____ encourages us to make more contributions to mankind. XI．书面表达。（20分） 65. 时光荏苒，转眼间我们已步入初三。回望初一刚踏入校园的自己，成长悄然发生。金秋十月，学校英语社团举办以“A Better Me”为主题的征文活动。请参考下面提供的思维导图，投稿分享你的“成长历程”。 要求：1．80-120词； 2．文中不得出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。 A Better Me __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $