Unit 1 Science Fiction（人与社会·科技与未来）武汉特色创新讲义-2027届高考英语一轮复习人教版选择性必修第四册
星海江城
——选必四 Unit 1 Science Fiction（人与社会·科技与未来）
武汉特色一轮创新讲义
第一部分 星海启航
一、讲义定位
【课标主题】人与社会·科技与未来——科幻文学、人工智能、科技创新、未来生活。
【高考考向】这个主题，阅读爱考科幻改编、AI伦理这类议论文；语法填空躲不开非谓语、定语从句和词性转换——尤其 appoint→appointment、guilt→guilty、declare→declaration 这几组年年见；写作本专题最可能出科技活动报道或邀请函；读后续写常落到做实验、出危机再想办法解决的桥段。
· 【仿真题实证】
仿真题（仿高考应用文题型）：假定你是李华，你校将举办“光谷科技节”，请你给外校教授写一封邀请函，邀请他/她参加开幕式并做一场关于人工智能的讲座。（80词左右）
· 【单元知识链·人教复习串联】
选必四 Unit 1 Science Fiction——科幻小说与未来科技；
选必一 Unit 1 People of Achievement——杰出人物与科学精神；
选必三 Unit 3 Environmental Protection——科技与环保；
必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues——科技伦理与道德。
· 【跨版本单元链】人教版选必四 Unit 1 Science Fiction；外研版选必四 Unit 1 Science fiction；北师大版选必四 Unit 1 Science and technology。
二、江城科技巡礼
· 武汉光谷（东湖高新区）：说中国光电子绕不开武汉。这里光纤光缆生产规模全球第一，华为、小米、长江存储扎堆，是光谷的家底。
· 长江存储（光谷）：3D NAND闪存是自己搞出来的，硬是打破国外垄断；今天一提“芯片自主”，武汉绕不开。
· 武汉自动驾驶（经开区/车谷）：全国第一个让自动驾驶真正商用的城市，百度Robotaxi已经跑上大街，5G车路协同走在前面。
· 武汉量子科技（光谷）：量子技术研究院在量子通信、量子计算上都有突破，量子保密通信干线也从武汉经过。
· 武汉国家航天产业基地（新洲）：全国首个商业航天产业基地，卫星在这里造、火箭在这里试——抬头是星空，脚下是光谷。
三、江城科技档案卡
卡片1 光谷科技人（光电子+芯片）
群体构成 | 光电子与芯片工程师，在武汉光谷从事光纤、3D NAND闪存研发。 |
主要贡献 | 光纤光缆规模全球第一；实现芯片自主研发，打破国外垄断。 |
核心词汇 | appoint, superior, calculate, declare, random |
团队信条 | 追光逐梦，芯火相传。 |
卡片2 未来交通与量子科技
群体构成 | 自动驾驶测试员、量子物理研究员，在武汉经开区与光谷工作。 |
主要贡献 | 推动全国首个自动驾驶商用落地；在量子通信领域取得突破。 |
核心词汇 | maximum, urge, guilty, dismiss, suspend |
团队信条 | 驶向未来，安全先行。 |
卡片3 航天工程师（商业航天）
群体构成 | 卫星制造、火箭测试工程师，在武汉国家航天产业基地工作。 |
主要贡献 | 开展卫星制造、火箭发射试验，推动商业航天发展。 |
核心词汇 | explode, labour, bonus, fiction, pace |
团队信条 | 仰望星空，脚踏实地。 |
第二部分 星海雅韵
引言：这一部分挑的是本话题最高频的14个词，按科技从业、科技伦理、未来想象分成三组来攻。别光背中文意思，跟着“释义—搭配—重点—易错—例句—当堂练”走一遍；每词最后的当堂训练务必先自己做，再回头对答案。
（一）核心词汇精讲（按科技脉络 3 组，共 14 词）
第一组 科技从业
【重难点】1. appoint ★★★★★ v. 任命；约定；委任 【★高考最高频】
【常考搭配】appoint sb as/to be 任命某人为……；appoint sb to do sth 任命某人做某事；make an appointment 预约
【重点】appoint 是动词，appointment 是名词；appoint sb as/ to be 两种结构都可；写作中常考“任命”语境。
【易错】appoint sb as（✅）/ appoint sb to do（✅）；make an appointment（✅）/ make appointment（❌）。
【武汉语境例句】A young engineer from Wuhan Optics Valley was appointed as chief scientist of the new chip project, and his appointment surprised the whole industry.
【当堂训练】A young engineer from Wuhan Optics Valley ______ (appoint) as chief scientist of the new chip project, and his ______ (appoint) surprised the whole industry.
【重难点】2. superior ★★★★★ adj. 优越的；更好的 【★高考最高频】
【常考搭配】be superior to 比……优越；be superior in 在……方面优越；superiority n. 优越
【重点】be superior to 中 to 是介词，不是不定式；没有比较级和最高级；同类反义搭配 be inferior to。
【易错】be superior to（✅，to是介词）/ be superior than（❌）；superior 不加 more（❌）。
【武汉语境例句】The storage chips developed by Yangtze Memory Technologies are superior to many foreign products in performance, and their superiority in cost is even more remarkable.
【当堂训练】The storage chips developed by Yangtze Memory are superior ______ many foreign products in performance, and their ______ (superior) in cost is even more remarkable.
【重难点】3. dismiss ★★★★☆ v. 解雇；不予考虑；解散 【★高考高频】
【常考搭配】dismiss sb from 解雇某人；dismiss sth as 把某事视为……而不予考虑；dismissal n. 解雇
【重点】dismiss 有两个常考义项：“解雇”和“不予考虑”；dismiss sth as... 是写作高级表达。
【易错】dismiss sb from（✅）/ dismiss sb of（❌）；dismiss sth as（✅）。
【武汉语境例句】Some experts dismissed the idea of self-developed chips as unrealistic, but Yangtze Memory dismissed their doubts and finally succeeded.
【当堂训练】Some experts dismissed the idea of self-developed chips ______ unrealistic, but Yangtze Memory dismissed their ______ (doubt) and finally succeeded.
【重难点】4. calculate ★★★☆☆ v. 计算；估算
【常考搭配】calculate sth 计算某事；calculate on 指望；calculator n. 计算器；calculation n. 计算
【重点】calculate 是动词，calculation 是名词；写作中可替换 compute/estimate。
【易错】calculate the cost（✅）；by my calculation（✅）。
【武汉语境例句】Engineers in Wuhan Optics Valley calculated the energy consumption of 5G base stations, and their calculation helped reduce operating costs by 30 percent.
【当堂训练】Engineers in Wuhan Optics Valley ______ (calculate) the energy consumption of 5G base stations, and their ______ (calculate) helped reduce operating costs by 30 percent.
第二组 科技伦理
【重难点】5. guilty ★★★★☆ adj. 内疚的；有罪的 【★高考高频】
【常考搭配】be guilty of 犯有……罪；be/feel guilty for/about 对……感到内疚；guilt n. 内疚
【重点】be guilty of 仅表示“犯有……罪/过失”；“对……感到内疚”要用 be/feel guilty for/about；写作中常考科技伦理语境。
【易错】be guilty of theft（✅，有罪）/ feel guilty about the mistake（✅，内疚）；be guilty about（✅，表内疚）。
【武汉语境例句】The engineer felt guilty about the data leak, for he believed he was guilty of neglecting basic security measures.
【当堂训练】The engineer felt guilty ______ the data leak, for he believed he was guilty ______ neglecting basic security measures.
【重难点】6. declare ★★★★☆ v. 宣布；声明 【★高考高频】
【常考搭配】declare sth to be 宣布某事为……；declare war on 对……宣战；It is declared that... 据宣布……；declaration n. 宣布
【重点】declare 后可接复合宾语（declare sth to be）；It is declared that... 是写作高级句型。
【易错】declare sth to be（✅）；declare war on（✅）。
【武汉语境例句】Wuhan officials declared the autonomous driving pilot zone open to the public, and the declaration marked a new era of future transportation.
【当堂训练】Wuhan officials ______ (declare) the autonomous driving pilot zone open to the public, and the ______ (declare) marked a new era of future transportation.
【重难点】7. urge ★★★★☆ v. 催促；力劝 n. 强烈欲望 【★高考高频】
【常考搭配】urge sb to do sth 力劝某人做某事；have an urge to do sth 有做某事的冲动；urgent adj. 紧急的
【重点】urge 后接 sb to do 或 that...(should) do；have an urge to do 是写作高级搭配。
【易错】urge sb to do（✅）；It is urged that...(should) do（✅，虚拟语气）。
【武汉语境例句】Many experts urge schools in Wuhan to include AI literacy in the curriculum, and students have a strong urge to learn about future technology.
【当堂训练】Many experts urge schools in Wuhan ______ (include) AI literacy in the curriculum, and students have a strong urge ______ (learn) about future technology.
【重难点】8. suspend ★★★☆☆ v. 暂停；悬挂
【常考搭配】suspend sth 暂停某事；suspend sb from 暂停某人的职务；suspension n. 暂停
【重点】suspend 有“暂停”和“悬挂”两个义项；科技语境常考“暂停”。
【易错】suspend operations（暂停运营）；suspended sentence（缓刑）。
【武汉语境例句】The company suspended its self-driving tests after a minor accident, and the suspension lasted until safety measures were improved.
【当堂训练】The company ______ (suspend) its self-driving tests after a minor accident, and the ______ (suspend) lasted until safety measures were improved.
第三组 未来想象
【重难点】9. random ★★★☆☆ adj. 随机的；任意的
【常考搭配】random samples 随机样本；at random 随机地；randomly adv. 随机地
【重点】random 是形容词，randomly 是副词；at random 是介词短语。
【易错】at random（✅，无冠词）；randomly selected（✅）。
【武汉语境例句】Engineers in Wuhan selected random samples of chips for quality testing, and the randomly selected samples all passed the inspection.
【当堂训练】Engineers in Wuhan selected ______ (random) samples of chips for quality testing, and the ______ (random) selected samples all passed the inspection.
句式2：there 位于句首引起全部倒装
教材原句：As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.
武汉仿写：当游客走进光谷展示中心，展台上立着最先进的自动驾驶汽车。
【仿写】When visitors walked into the Optics Valley exhibition center, ______ ______ the most advanced self-driving car on the display stand.
句式3：It is/was...that... 强调句
教材原句：It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
武汉仿写：正是在武汉经开区，全国首个自动驾驶商用项目正式启动。
【仿写】______ ______ in the Wuhan Economic Development Zone ______ the nation's first commercial autonomous driving project was officially launched.
句式4：现在分词短语作状语
教材原句：Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before.
武汉仿写：站在光谷的楼顶俯瞰，你会看到一座充满未来感的科技之城。
【仿写】______ (stand) on the rooftop of an Optics Valley building, you will see a city full of futuristic technology.
句式5：It felt like... 就好像……
教材原句：It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.
武汉仿写：坐在自动驾驶汽车里，感觉就像坐在一辆来自未来的汽车里。
【仿写】______ ______ ______ I was sitting in a car from the future when I rode in the autonomous vehicle.
（五）重点语法——非谓语动词与倒装句 ★本话题核心语法
1. 非谓语动词作状语（科幻文本高频）：
① 现在分词作状语：Working day and night, the engineers developed the new chip in just three years.
② 过去分词作状语：Inspired by science fiction, many young people chose to study engineering in Wuhan.
③ 不定式作目的状语：The government invested billions to build the Optics Valley innovation center.
2. 倒装句（科幻文本常考）：
① there 位于句首倒装：There stood the time machine in the center of the laboratory.
② Not until 倒装：Not until the accident happened did the company suspend its self-driving tests.
③ Only 倒装：Only in Wuhan can you experience autonomous driving on public roads.
3. 与写作联动（3 个例句）：
Driven by innovation, Wuhan Optics Valley has become a national leader in optoelectronics.
It was in Wuhan that the nation's first commercial autonomous driving service was launched.
Standing in the exhibition hall, visitors can see the future of technology taking shape.
第三部分 星海品鉴（默写检测）
这部分拿江城科技当背景，把前面的词块、派生词、短语和语法考点都串起来考，另加熟词生义和词根构词。先闭卷自己做，做完再翻最后一部分对答案。
A组 基础体验
（一）核心词块默写（24题，中译英）
12. 犯有……罪 ________________________________
13. 对……宣战 ________________________________
14. 力劝某人做 ________________________________
15. 随机地 ________________________________
16. 最大速度 ________________________________
17. 科幻小说 ________________________________
18. 劳动力 ________________________________
19. 突破 ________________________________
20. 领先 ________________________________
21. 跟上 ________________________________
22. 武汉光谷 ________________________________
23. 长江存储 ________________________________
24. 自动驾驶 ________________________________