精品解析：山西晋中市介休市第二中学校2026—2027学年第一学期第一次质量评估试题（卷）九年级英语

2026—2027学年第一学期第一次质量评估试题 (卷) 九年级英语 (说明: 闭卷考试, 考试时间120分钟, 满分120分) 听力部分 (共20分) 一、情景反应 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题共有五个小题, 每小题你将听到一组对话。请从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中, 选出与你所听到的信息相关联的一项。 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5.. A. B. C. 二、对话理解 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题共有五个小题, 每小题你将听到一组对话和一个问题。请从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。 6. A. Sima Qian. B. Zhan Tianyou. C. Yuan Longping. 7. A. Lots of sandstorms. B. Many trees. C. Fewer sandstorms. 8. A. Cash. B. Mobile payment. C. Bank cards. 9. A. biologist. B. Physicist. C. doctor. 10. A. He won’t buy the shirt. B. He will borrow money. C. He dislikes the shirt. 三、语篇理解 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题你将听到一个语篇, 请根据所听内容和所提出的五个问题, 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。 11. Where was the old tree? A. Near the river. B. Behind the school. C. In the centre of the village. 12. What is in the writer’s village now? A. A park. B. A playground. C. A factory. 13. Who woks at a mobile phone shop? A. The writer. B. The writer’s cousin. C. The writer’s grandma. 14. How does the writer feel at the end of the text? A. He felt joyful. B. He felt sad. C. He felt surprised. 15. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Progress can bring good things. B. The old life was very comfortable. C. Something warm is gone with great changes. 四、听力填空 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题你将听到一个语篇, 请你根据所听内容, 完成下面的句子。每空一词。 A Speech from a Student Difficulty Many fresh and healthy farm products can not 16. __________well. What to do ●17. __________our family and friends to choose local farm products. ●Share information 18. __________to let people know these products. ●Learn basic 19. __________skills to help farmers solve problems. Hope Kind help will light up farmers’ 20. __________and make our world better. 笔试部分 (共100分) 五、补全对话 (每小题2分, 共10分) 请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填 上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 A: Our hometown Taiyuan has changed a lot in the recent years, hasn’t it? B: ____1____ High buildings, wide and clean roads are everywhere. A: Did you watch Tour of Taiyuan Road Cycling Race held in November? B: No, I was very busy those days. ____2____ A: It was very exciting. Most of the competitors were very excited to ride on the beautiful Yingze Street. B: Taiyuan Yingze Bridge truly catches many people’s eyes. ____3____ A: It’s 50 meters wide. B: ____4____ A: It officially (正式地) opened to traffic in September this year. It is regarded as “The First Bridge in North China”. B: Wow, people who live here are really very happy. A: ____5____ Our city is becoming more modern and lively. 六、完形填空 (每小题1分, 共8分) 请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zu Ti was a great man of the Jin Dynasty. He was ____6____ for his hard work and great achievements. But when he was a child, he was naughty and he showed little ____7____ in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti realized he didn’t have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up his mind to study hard. Zu Ti had a ____8____ friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one bed every night and got up at the same time every morning. One day, when they were ____9____, Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing (打鸣). An ____10____ came to him. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play swords (剑)?” Though he was still sleepy, Liu Kun agreed with Zu Ti gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords as soon as the rooster began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never gave up no matter how cold in winter or hot in summer. Besides, they began to study history carefully and put all their energy into reading books. ____11____, they learnt a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years later, both of them grew up with talents and ____12____. At last, their dreams ____13____ and they made great contributions to their country. This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster. 6. A. ready B. famous C. late 7. A. calendar B. respect C. interest 8. A. rich B. close C. same 9. A. fighting B. discussing C. sleeping 10. A. order B. idea C. exam 11. A. In this way B. By the way C. In their way 12. A. period B. disease C. wisdom 13. A. came off B. came true C. came up 七、阅读理解 (本题共有五个语篇, 每篇后有五个小题, 34-57每小题2分, 58题4分, 共52分) (A) 请阅读下面语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。 Dear Lillie, How are you? I am happy to be back home, but my hometown is a little different now. I am really upset about one change. We are going to have a big shopping mall in my beautiful neighbourhood! I can’t believe it! My neighbourhood is near a school. It is very quiet and convenient here. There are many family-owned stores on the main street—a flower shop, two clothing stores, a bakery and a vegetable shop. I hope we don’t lose these small stores because of the shopping mall. I don’t want my neighbourhood to change any more. I hope you are OK. Can you visit me soon? Love, Yiming Dear Yiming, I’m fine. I miss you, too. There are a lot of changes in my town, too. There are two busy streets near my house, Main Street and Queens Road. When I was young, there wasn’t much noise here, but today there are more people and cars. There is another big change. There are two restaurants near my house! Two! Three years ago there was only one small café. I ate breakfast there every morning. But it’s gone! There is a fast food shop there now. Luckily, one thing did not change. The Air Theatre is still on the corner of Main Street and Queens Road. It is one of my favourite places. I hope to visit you soon. Yours, Lillie 14. What is the type of these two texts? A. News. B. Letter. C. Post. 15. There will be a new ________ in Yiming’s neighbourhood. A. B. C. 16. Yiming expects his neighbourhood to ________. A. become bigger B. get more popular C. keep the small stores 17. Three years ago, where did Lillie have her breakfast every morning? A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a small café. 18. Yiming and Lillie mainly write about ________. A. the changes in their towns B. the history of their towns C. their favourite shops (B) If your hometown were to be pulled down one day, would you miss it? And what could you do for it? Most people may think this is an unlikely question, but Huang Yongfu once faced this real problem and he gave his answer. Huang and his wife lived in a quiet village. After he stopped working in the 1970s, Huang had a lot of free time. He started painting lovely animals on the walls of his house for fun. Later, his neighbours asked him to paint their houses, too. His paintbrush brought a second “life” to the boring houses. In 1998, the village was to be pulled down because many villagers left. Huang felt sad when he saw the empty houses. He loved his hometown and didn’t want it to disappear. To save it, Huang decided to paint every street in the village. The old man covered every street, wall and door in the village with lovely colours. In 2010, some university students happened to pass by the village. They were struck by Huang’s cute artwork. These students then started the “Save Rainbow Village” campaign(活动). It was a success and the area became an art park. Huang himself began to be famous as Grandpa Rainbow. Now, Rainbow Village has become a famous place for tourists. It welcomes more than a million people every year. Grandpa Rainbow finally made his dream come true. He saved his village. Although Grandpa Rainbow left us on 23 January, 2024, people will remember him forever. 19. What is the purpose of the two questions at the beginning of the passage? A. To find the answers. B. To surprise the readers. C. To lead into the story. 20. What do we know about Huang after he stopped working? A. He lived a colourful life. B. He showed his singing talent. C. He helped neighbours build houses. 21. Which words can best describe Huang Yongfu? A. Lazy and careless. B. Creative and loving. C. Smart and funny. 22. What did Huang do to stop the village from being pulled down? A. He turned it into a rainbow village. B. He talked with the leader of the city. C. He asked the university students for help. 23. What would be the best title for the passage? A. A Successful Campaign B. A Story Behind a Rainbow C. When a Village Meets Art (C) 请阅读下面语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。 Su Shi is a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought highly of him. Because of this, he became very arrogant and wrote a couplet (对联) for himself. Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi to learn how to be modest (谦虚的).” So, one day, he came to Su Shi's house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “There are some difficult words that I can’t understand in the book. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their meanings. I have heard that you are a person with rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi opened the book, but he became very s… There were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of being modest. Su Shi was embarrassed. Then he quickly took his brush and ink and added some words to the couplet; Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even harder than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 24. What does the underlined word “arrogant” mean in the passage? A. Honest. B. Proud. C. Careless. 25. Why did the old man visit Su Shi with a book? A. Because he wanted to ask Su Shi for help. B. Because Su Shi was rich in knowledge. C. Because he wanted to teach Su Shi a lesson. 26. Which is the proper word in the sentence “… he became very s…”? A. Sorry. B. Surprised. C. Sleepy. 27. In what order did the following things take place? a. Su Shi worked harder and became more successful. b. Su Shi didn’t know many words in the book. c. Su Shi understood why the old man came in the end. d. Su Shi wrote a couplet for himself. A. d-b-c-a B. c-d-a-b C. a-c-b-d 28. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell readers Su Shi’s achievements in literature. B. To explain how Su Shi wrote his famous couplet. C. To show that modesty is important for learning. (D) 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 On 4 March, 2025, the Pritzker Prize was given to 68-year-old Liu Jiakun. The prize was set up in 1979 and it is architecture’s (建筑) highest prize. Liu is the fifty-fourth winner of this award. ____29____ Before him, Wang Shu won the award in 2012. Liu is famous for designing public spaces in cities. He always creates places for people to gather and enjoy nature. ____30____ This five-floor building was built in 2015. It features (以……为特色) paths for walking and biking. Inside, there are spaces for culture, sports and business. It also offers a beautiful view of local natural and man-made environments. Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu spent much of his childhood exploring the hospital where his mother worked. He loved climbing onto rooftops to see the city's mix of traditional homes and modern buildings. ____31____ As an architect (建筑师), Liu doesn’t want a strong personal style. ____32____ So, he pays more attention to understanding each place and its needs. He also tries to balance China's traditional architecture with modern technology. “Traditional architecture is great, but it’s a product of its time,” Liu said. ____33____ Liu also believes that cities should be places for people, not just buildings. Only in this way can a city grow in a healthy way. A. He is the second Chinese to receive the prize. B. Architects around the world all hope to get this award. C. Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions. D. These early experiences shaped his interest in architecture. E. One of his best-known projects is the West Village in Chengdu. F. He takes the best parts of tradition and presents them in a modern way. (E) 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题。 The game “Black Myth: Wukong” is really popular, and people around China come to Shanxi, a place in China with lots of old buildings. Shanxi has 28,027 old buildings, and many of them are made of wood from a long time ago. There are also more than 420 old buildings as valuable as national treasures. Where to travel? From northern Shanxi to southern part, these buildings lie in different places far from each other. Some are even built in small towns or villages. If you visit Shanxi for the first time, you should see the really famous old buildings there. Some well-known ones like Yungang Grottoes, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda will certainly surprise you. Even the less famous ones have their own special art form and art value. They show how smart and hard-working ancient Chinese people were. No matter which one you choose to see, popular or niche (小众), you’ll be satisfied. Xiaoxitian Located in Linfen City, Xiaoxitian Temple used to be known by only a few people. In the 169-square-meter main hall, there are 1,900 lifelike hanging sculptures (悬塑) inside. When you walk into the main hall and look up, you will see the hanging sculptures from three meters high to the size of a thumb (拇指大小). Many visitors have shared their traveling experiences in Shanxi online and posted their comments. Jack: Shanxi is an underrated (被低估) city and it is worth visiting again. Mary: It is really unbelievable to see so many ancient buildings in Shanxi. There are still many places I haven’t seen yet. I want to visit there again. When to travel? Shanxi’s cultural and historical attractions are good for a visit all year round. However, in winter, it is too cold to have fun traveling in the northern part like Datong. And you may feel uncomfortable in the southern part like Yuncheng because of the high heat in summer. How to protect? These ancient buildings can show us how smart our ancestors were and lead us into a different world full of historical culture. However, it is reported that many of them are in great danger, requiring our protection. Every year, the local government protects these places by polishing, painting and even rebuilding. In order to protect the sculptures, visitors are also asked not to take photos with flash in some ancient buildings. As we all know, Chinese civilization of the last five thousand years can be seen in Shanxi. Whenever you are free or wherever you are from, welcome to Shanxi. 34. How many ancient buildings in Shanxi are seen as our national treasures? ________________________________________ 35. Was Xiaoxitian as famous as Yungang Grottoes before? ________________________________________ 36. What do Jack and Mary think in common about Shanxi? ________________________________________ 37. How does the local government protect ancient buildings? ________________________________________ 38. Have you been to any tourist attractions in Shanxi Province? What’s your understanding of Shanxi’s ancient buildings? ________________________________________ 八. 词语运用 (本题共有两个语篇, A 篇有五个小题, B 篇有十个小题, 每小题1分, 共15分. ) A I. M. Pei is a world-famous architect. Many people look up ____39____ him because of his amazing designs, such as the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum. It was very creative ____40____ him to design such a modern structure in a historic place. When designing the Suzhou Museum, he faced many difficulties, ____41____ he never gave up and finally created a beautiful ____42____ between the East and the West. His designs are so unique and inspiring ____43____ many young architects want to be creative persons like him. B 请阅读下面语篇, 根据其内容, 从方框内选出适当的单词, 将其正确形式填入空白处。方框中有两个词为多余项。 convenient digit house ease cover great village wide short bring sand we Li Hua comes from a northern village with sandy soil. In the past, most of the fields were ____44____ with dirt. Corn, vegetables and other plants couldn’t grow well and food ____45____ were a problem for years. The ____46____ all lived a hard life. With support from the government of ____47____ country, a railway and some wide roads were built, connecting the village directly to the capital of the province. That made business much ____48____. As the manager of a new agricultural business, Li Hua discussed with his team and they ____49____ about an important change: a smart watering system ____50____ increased the production. He and his team opened an online store using ____51____ technology and their corn products are now sold across the country. ____52____ conditions improved too. The narrow flats were replaced by big houses. A modern junior high school and a hospital were built too. All the people there were happy with the changes. Now, Li Hua runs his company with ____53____, leading his village towards a brighter future. 九、书面表达 (15分) 54. 每个人心中都有值得敬佩的榜样, 他们以坚持与奉献发光, 下面请以The Person I Admire Most 为题目写一篇短文。内容必须包含以下三个核心要点: 1. 你最钦佩的人物是谁 (可以是名人、科学家、运动员, 也可以是身边的父母、老师等普通人) ; 2. 用1-2件简单的具体事例, 讲述他/她的主要事迹或身上的优秀品质; 3. 谈谈这个人带给你的激励与启发。 要求: 1. 词数: 100词左右; 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。 The Person I Admire Most _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026—2027学年第一学期第一次质量评估试题 (卷) 九年级英语 (说明: 闭卷考试, 考试时间120分钟, 满分120分) 听力部分 (共20分) 一、情景反应 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题共有五个小题, 每小题你将听到一组对话。请从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中, 选出与你所听到的信息相关联的一项。 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5.. A. B. C. 二、对话理解 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题共有五个小题, 每小题你将听到一组对话和一个问题。请从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。 6. A. Sima Qian. B. Zhan Tianyou. C. Yuan Longping. 7. A. Lots of sandstorms. B. Many trees. C. Fewer sandstorms. 8. A. Cash. B. Mobile payment. C. Bank cards. 9. A. biologist. B. Physicist. C. doctor. 10. A. He won’t buy the shirt. B. He will borrow money. C. He dislikes the shirt. 三、语篇理解 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题你将听到一个语篇, 请根据所听内容和所提出的五个问题, 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出一个最佳选项。 11. Where was the old tree? A. Near the river. B. Behind the school. C. In the centre of the village. 12. What is in the writer’s village now? A. A park. B. A playground. C. A factory. 13. Who woks at a mobile phone shop? A. The writer. B. The writer’s cousin. C. The writer’s grandma. 14. How does the writer feel at the end of the text? A. He felt joyful. B. He felt sad. C. He felt surprised. 15. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Progress can bring good things. B. The old life was very comfortable. C. Something warm is gone with great changes. 四、听力填空 (每小题1分, 共5分) 本题你将听到一个语篇, 请你根据所听内容, 完成下面的句子。每空一词。 A Speech from a Student Difficulty Many fresh and healthy farm products can not 16. __________well. What to do ●17. __________our family and friends to choose local farm products. ●Share information 18. __________to let people know these products. ●Learn basic 19. __________skills to help farmers solve problems. Hope Kind help will light up farmers’ 20. __________and make our world better. 笔试部分 (共100分) 五、补全对话 (每小题2分, 共10分) 请根据下面的对话内容，在空白处填 上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 A: Our hometown Taiyuan has changed a lot in the recent years, hasn’t it? B: ____1____ High buildings, wide and clean roads are everywhere. A: Did you watch Tour of Taiyuan Road Cycling Race held in November? B: No, I was very busy those days. ____2____ A: It was very exciting. Most of the competitors were very excited to ride on the beautiful Yingze Street. B: Taiyuan Yingze Bridge truly catches many people’s eyes. ____3____ A: It’s 50 meters wide. B: ____4____ A: It officially (正式地) opened to traffic in September this year. It is regarded as “The First Bridge in North China”. B: Wow, people who live here are really very happy. A: ____5____ Our city is becoming more modern and lively. 【答案】1. Yes, it has. 2. How was it?/What do you think of it? 3. How wide is it? 4. When did it officially open to traffic? 5. You have a point. /You are right. /I agree with you. /I think so. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一段对话，主要谈论了太原近年来的变化。 【1题详解】 根据“Our hometown Taiyuan has changed a lot in the recent years, hasn’t it?”以及后文提到的高楼大厦和宽阔干净的马路，可知此处应表示肯定回答。故填Yes, it has. 【2题详解】 根据“It was very exciting. Most of the competitors were very excited to ride on the beautiful Yingze Street.”可知，此处是询问比赛怎么样。故填How was it?/What do you think of it? 【3题详解】 根据“It’s 50 meters wide.”可知，B在询问桥的宽度。故填How wide is it? 【4题详解】 根据“It officially opened to traffic in September this year.”可知，B在询问桥的正式通车时间。故填When did it officially open to traffic? 【5题详解】 根据“Wow, people who live here are really very happy.”以及后文A提到城市变得更现代化和热闹，可推知A赞同B的观点。故填You have a point. / You are right. /I agree with you. /I think so. 六、完形填空 (每小题1分, 共8分) 请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Zu Ti was a great man of the Jin Dynasty. He was ____6____ for his hard work and great achievements. But when he was a child, he was naughty and he showed little ____7____ in reading. As he grew up, Zu Ti realized he didn’t have enough knowledge. And he deeply felt that he could not serve his country well. So he made up his mind to study hard. Zu Ti had a ____8____ friend named Liu Kun. They had a deep friendship. So they stayed together every day. They even slept on one bed every night and got up at the same time every morning. One day, when they were ____9____, Zu Ti heard the rooster crowing (打鸣). An ____10____ came to him. He woke up Liu Kun and said, “How about getting up to play swords (剑)?” Though he was still sleepy, Liu Kun agreed with Zu Ti gladly. From then on, they got up and played swords as soon as the rooster began crowing. They kept their words day after day. They never gave up no matter how cold in winter or hot in summer. Besides, they began to study history carefully and put all their energy into reading books. ____11____, they learnt a great deal of knowledge and made much progress. A few years later, both of them grew up with talents and ____12____. At last, their dreams ____13____ and they made great contributions to their country. This is the Chinese idiom story To Rise with the Rooster. 6. A. ready B. famous C. late 7. A. calendar B. respect C. interest 8. A. rich B. close C. same 9. A. fighting B. discussing C. sleeping 10. A. order B. idea C. exam 11. A. In this way B. By the way C. In their way 12. A. period B. disease C. wisdom 13. A. came off B. came true C. came up 【答案】6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. C 13. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述晋代人物祖逖年少贪玩不爱读书，醒悟后立志勤学，与挚友刘琨结下深厚情谊，二人闻鸡起舞、寒暑不辍坚持练剑读书，最终增长才识智慧、实现理想报国的成语故事，对应成语“闻鸡起舞”。 【6题详解】 句意：他因勤奋刻苦与卓越成就而闻名。 固定搭配be famous for意为“因……闻名”，结合历史常识祖逖是知名历史人物，famous意为“著名的”符合语境。ready“准备好的”、late“迟到的”均无法构成该语义搭配。 【7题详解】 句意：但他小时候十分淘气，对读书几乎没什么兴趣。 固定搭配show interest in意为“对……产生兴趣”，interest意为“兴趣”契合年少不爱读书的描述。calendar“日历”、respect“尊重”均不符合语境逻辑。 【8题详解】 句意：祖逖有一位挚友名叫刘琨。 结合后文“They had a deep friendship”，close意为“亲密的”，close friend表示“密友”。rich“富有的”、same“相同的”均不能体现二人深厚交情。 【9题详解】 句意：一天，当他们正在睡觉时，祖逖听见了鸡的打鸣声。 结合后文“He woke up Liu Kun”，可知当时二人处于“睡觉”的状态，用sleeping。fighting“打斗”、discussing“讨论”均和后文叫醒同伴的情节矛盾。 【10题详解】 句意：他突然萌生了一个想法。 后文“How about getting up to play swords?”是祖逖冒出的主意，idea意为“想法、主意”符合文意。order“命令”、exam“考试”均不符合语境。 【11题详解】 句意：以这样的方式，他们学到了大量知识并取得很大进步。 In this way意为“用这种方式”，指代前文每日闻鸡起舞、坚持读书练剑的做法。By the way“顺便说一下”、In their way“挡路”语义均不匹配。 【12题详解】 句意：几年之后，二人长大成才，兼具才干与智慧。 wisdom意为“智慧”，和talents“才能”并列体现二人学识能力的提升。period“时期”、disease“疾病”均为语义不符选项。 【13题详解】 句意：最终，他们的梦想成真，为国家作出卓越贡献。 根据“dreams”可知，此处指梦想成真，固定搭配come true意为“（梦想）实现、成真”，came true是过去式形式契合全文叙事时态。came off“成功脱落”、came up“走近；被提出”无梦想实现的含义。 七、阅读理解 (本题共有五个语篇, 每篇后有五个小题, 34-57每小题2分, 58题4分, 共52分) (A) 请阅读下面语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。 Dear Lillie, How are you? I am happy to be back home, but my hometown is a little different now. I am really upset about one change. We are going to have a big shopping mall in my beautiful neighbourhood! I can’t believe it! My neighbourhood is near a school. It is very quiet and convenient here. There are many family-owned stores on the main street—a flower shop, two clothing stores, a bakery and a vegetable shop. I hope we don’t lose these small stores because of the shopping mall. I don’t want my neighbourhood to change any more. I hope you are OK. Can you visit me soon? Love, Yiming Dear Yiming, I’m fine. I miss you, too. There are a lot of changes in my town, too. There are two busy streets near my house, Main Street and Queens Road. When I was young, there wasn’t much noise here, but today there are more people and cars. There is another big change. There are two restaurants near my house! Two! Three years ago there was only one small café. I ate breakfast there every morning. But it’s gone! There is a fast food shop there now. Luckily, one thing did not change. The Air Theatre is still on the corner of Main Street and Queens Road. It is one of my favourite places. I hope to visit you soon. Yours, Lillie 14. What is the type of these two texts? A. News. B. Letter. C. Post. 15. There will be a new ________ in Yiming’s neighbourhood. A. B. C. 16. Yiming expects his neighbourhood to ________. A. become bigger B. get more popular C. keep the small stores 17. Three years ago, where did Lillie have her breakfast every morning? A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a small café. 18. Yiming and Lillie mainly write about ________. A. the changes in their towns B. the history of their towns C. their favourite shops 【答案】14. B 15. B 16. C 17. C 18. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是两封书信，Yiming和Lillie互相分享了各自家乡的变化以及对变化的感受。 【14题详解】 根据两篇文本的格式，开头有称呼（Dear Lillie/Yiming），结尾有落款（Love/Yours... + 名字），这是典型的书信（Letter）格式。 【15题详解】 由第一封信“We are going to have a big shopping mall in my beautiful neighbourhood”可知，Yiming的社区将建一个新的购物中心。 【16题详解】 由第一封信“I hope we don’t lose these small stores... I don’t want my neighbourhood to change any more”可知，Yiming希望保留小商店。 【17题详解】 由第二封信“Three years ago there was only one small café. I ate breakfast there every morning.”可知，三年前她每天早晨在那家小咖啡馆吃早餐。 【18题详解】 通读两封信，Yiming讲述了社区即将建购物商场带来的变化，Lillie讲述了街道变吵、咖啡馆变快餐店等变化，两人主要讨论的是城镇的变化。 (B) If your hometown were to be pulled down one day, would you miss it? And what could you do for it? Most people may think this is an unlikely question, but Huang Yongfu once faced this real problem and he gave his answer. Huang and his wife lived in a quiet village. After he stopped working in the 1970s, Huang had a lot of free time. He started painting lovely animals on the walls of his house for fun. Later, his neighbours asked him to paint their houses, too. His paintbrush brought a second “life” to the boring houses. In 1998, the village was to be pulled down because many villagers left. Huang felt sad when he saw the empty houses. He loved his hometown and didn’t want it to disappear. To save it, Huang decided to paint every street in the village. The old man covered every street, wall and door in the village with lovely colours. In 2010, some university students happened to pass by the village. They were struck by Huang’s cute artwork. These students then started the “Save Rainbow Village” campaign(活动). It was a success and the area became an art park. Huang himself began to be famous as Grandpa Rainbow. Now, Rainbow Village has become a famous place for tourists. It welcomes more than a million people every year. Grandpa Rainbow finally made his dream come true. He saved his village. Although Grandpa Rainbow left us on 23 January, 2024, people will remember him forever. 19. What is the purpose of the two questions at the beginning of the passage? A. To find the answers. B. To surprise the readers. C. To lead into the story. 20. What do we know about Huang after he stopped working? A. He lived a colourful life. B. He showed his singing talent. C. He helped neighbours build houses. 21. Which words can best describe Huang Yongfu? A. Lazy and careless. B. Creative and loving. C. Smart and funny. 22. What did Huang do to stop the village from being pulled down? A. He turned it into a rainbow village. B. He talked with the leader of the city. C. He asked the university students for help. 23. What would be the best title for the passage? A. A Successful Campaign B. A Story Behind a Rainbow C. When a Village Meets Art 【答案】19. C 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了黄永阜退休后通过绘画将即将被拆除的村庄变成彩虹村，最终在大学生的帮助下成为艺术公园，他被称为“彩虹爷爷”，其事迹被人们铭记的故事。 【19题详解】 根据文章第一段“If your hometown were to be pulled down one day, would you miss it? And what could you do for it?...but Huang Yongfu once faced this real problem and he gave his answer.”可知，开头设问是为了引出黄永阜的故事，起到导入作用。 【20题详解】 根据文章第二段“After he stopped working in the 1970s, Huang had a lot of free time. He started painting lovely animals on the walls of his house for fun.”可知，他退休后通过绘画让生活变得丰富多彩。 【21题详解】 根据文章第二段“He started painting lovely animals”和第三段“He loved his hometown and didn’t want it to disappear”可知，他通过绘画展现创造力，通过拯救家乡展现爱心。 【22题详解】 根据文章第三段“To save it, Huang decided to paint every street in the village. The old man covered every street, wall and door in the village with lovely colours.”可知，黄永阜通过粉刷街道和墙壁将村庄变成彩虹村来阻止拆除。 【23题详解】 通读全文可知，文章主要围绕黄永阜创造彩虹村的故事展开，“Rainbow”是核心关键词，选项B能概括文章核心内容且吸引读者。 (C) 请阅读下面语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。 Su Shi is a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought highly of him. Because of this, he became very arrogant and wrote a couplet (对联) for himself. Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi to learn how to be modest (谦虚的).” So, one day, he came to Su Shi's house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “There are some difficult words that I can’t understand in the book. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their meanings. I have heard that you are a person with rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi opened the book, but he became very s… There were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of being modest. Su Shi was embarrassed. Then he quickly took his brush and ink and added some words to the couplet; Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even harder than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 24. What does the underlined word “arrogant” mean in the passage? A. Honest. B. Proud. C. Careless. 25. Why did the old man visit Su Shi with a book? A. Because he wanted to ask Su Shi for help. B. Because Su Shi was rich in knowledge. C. Because he wanted to teach Su Shi a lesson. 26. Which is the proper word in the sentence “… he became very s…”? A. Sorry. B. Surprised. C. Sleepy. 27. In what order did the following things take place? a. Su Shi worked harder and became more successful. b. Su Shi didn’t know many words in the book. c. Su Shi understood why the old man came in the end. d. Su Shi wrote a couplet for himself. A. d-b-c-a B. c-d-a-b C. a-c-b-d 28. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell readers Su Shi’s achievements in literature. B. To explain how Su Shi wrote his famous couplet. C. To show that modesty is important for learning. 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述苏轼年少成名后骄傲自满，一位老者用一本书巧妙点醒他，苏轼明白谦逊的意义后修改对联、勤学不辍，最终在诸多领域收获成就的故事，传递治学需谦逊的道理。 【24题详解】 根据原文第二段“When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought highly of him. Because of this, he became very arrogant and wrote a couplet (对联) for himself.”，众人夸赞让苏轼变得骄傲自大，arrogant含义为骄傲的，对应Proud。 【25题详解】 根据原文第四段“A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, ‘It is necessary for Su Shi to learn how to be modest (谦虚的).’”以及倒数第二段“Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of being modest.”，老者并非真的求教，而是想给苏轼上一课、教会他谦逊。 【26题详解】 根据原文倒数第三段“Full of confidence, Su Shi opened the book...There were many words he didn’t know.”，满怀自信的苏轼翻开书却发现大量生字，此时他会十分惊讶。 【27题详解】 事件先后顺序：d.苏轼为自己写对联→b.苏轼发现书中很多字不认识→c.苏轼最终明白老者的来意→a.苏轼更加努力、收获更多成就，对应顺序d-b-c-a。 【28题详解】 全文围绕苏轼从骄傲到懂得谦逊、勤学精进的经历展开，核心主旨是说明谦逊对于学习的重要性。 (D) 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使其意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 On 4 March, 2025, the Pritzker Prize was given to 68-year-old Liu Jiakun. The prize was set up in 1979 and it is architecture’s (建筑) highest prize. Liu is the fifty-fourth winner of this award. ____29____ Before him, Wang Shu won the award in 2012. Liu is famous for designing public spaces in cities. He always creates places for people to gather and enjoy nature. ____30____ This five-floor building was built in 2015. It features (以……为特色) paths for walking and biking. Inside, there are spaces for culture, sports and business. It also offers a beautiful view of local natural and man-made environments. Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu spent much of his childhood exploring the hospital where his mother worked. He loved climbing onto rooftops to see the city's mix of traditional homes and modern buildings. ____31____ As an architect (建筑师), Liu doesn’t want a strong personal style. ____32____ So, he pays more attention to understanding each place and its needs. He also tries to balance China's traditional architecture with modern technology. “Traditional architecture is great, but it’s a product of its time,” Liu said. ____33____ Liu also believes that cities should be places for people, not just buildings. Only in this way can a city grow in a healthy way. A. He is the second Chinese to receive the prize. B. Architects around the world all hope to get this award. C. Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions. D. These early experiences shaped his interest in architecture. E. One of his best-known projects is the West Village in Chengdu. F. He takes the best parts of tradition and presents them in a modern way. 【答案】29. A 30. E 31. D 32. C 33. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了2025年普利兹克奖得主、中国建筑师刘家琨的建筑理念与成就，包括他的设计特色、成长经历以及对传统与现代融合的思考。 【29题详解】 第一段介绍刘家琨获得普利兹克奖，并提到他是该奖的第54位得主，后文说“在他之前，王澍于2012年获奖”。选项A“He is the second Chinese to receive the prize.”承接前文“刘家琨获奖”，并引出后文“王澍是第一位”，形成“第二位”与“第一位”的对应关系，逻辑紧密。 【30题详解】 第二段介绍“刘以设计城市公共空间而闻名，他总是为人们创造聚集和享受自然的场所”，后文描述了一座五层建筑及其功能（步行道、文化体育商业空间、自然与人文景观）。选项E“One of his best-known projects is the West Village in Chengdu.”具体举例说明了他的代表作（成都西村大院），与后文对该建筑的详细描述形成“总—分”关系，自然衔接。 【31题详解】 第三段介绍“刘在成都出生长大，童年常在母亲工作的医院探索，喜欢爬上屋顶看传统与现代建筑的交融”，后文未继续说明这些经历的影响。选项D“These early experiences shaped his interest in architecture.”总结了前文提到的童年经历（探索医院、爬屋顶看建筑），点明这些经历对他产生的影响（塑造了对建筑的兴趣），作为本段结尾句自然收束。 【32题详解】 第四段介绍“作为建筑师，刘不想要强烈的个人风格”，后文说“因此他更注重理解每个地方及其需求”。选项C“Instead, he hopes his work can fit the local conditions.”承接前文“不想要强烈个人风格”，用“Instead”转折，说明他希望作品适应当地条件，与后文“理解每个地方及其需求”形成递进关系。 【33题详解】 第四段介绍“传统建筑很伟大，但它是时代的产物”，后文应补充他对传统与现代结合的看法。选项F“He takes the best parts of tradition and presents them in a modern way.”具体说明了他对待传统的态度（取其精华，以现代方式呈现），与上文“传统是时代的产物”形成因果关系，完整表达了刘家琨的设计理念。 (E) 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题。 The game “Black Myth: Wukong” is really popular, and people around China come to Shanxi, a place in China with lots of old buildings. Shanxi has 28,027 old buildings, and many of them are made of wood from a long time ago. There are also more than 420 old buildings as valuable as national treasures. Where to travel? From northern Shanxi to southern part, these buildings lie in different places far from each other. Some are even built in small towns or villages. If you visit Shanxi for the first time, you should see the really famous old buildings there. Some well-known ones like Yungang Grottoes, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda will certainly surprise you. Even the less famous ones have their own special art form and art value. They show how smart and hard-working ancient Chinese people were. No matter which one you choose to see, popular or niche (小众), you’ll be satisfied. Xiaoxitian Located in Linfen City, Xiaoxitian Temple used to be known by only a few people. In the 169-square-meter main hall, there are 1,900 lifelike hanging sculptures (悬塑) inside. When you walk into the main hall and look up, you will see the hanging sculptures from three meters high to the size of a thumb (拇指大小). Many visitors have shared their traveling experiences in Shanxi online and posted their comments. Jack: Shanxi is an underrated (被低估) city and it is worth visiting again. Mary: It is really unbelievable to see so many ancient buildings in Shanxi. There are still many places I haven’t seen yet. I want to visit there again. When to travel? Shanxi’s cultural and historical attractions are good for a visit all year round. However, in winter, it is too cold to have fun traveling in the northern part like Datong. And you may feel uncomfortable in the southern part like Yuncheng because of the high heat in summer. How to protect? These ancient buildings can show us how smart our ancestors were and lead us into a different world full of historical culture. However, it is reported that many of them are in great danger, requiring our protection. Every year, the local government protects these places by polishing, painting and even rebuilding. In order to protect the sculptures, visitors are also asked not to take photos with flash in some ancient buildings. As we all know, Chinese civilization of the last five thousand years can be seen in Shanxi. Whenever you are free or wherever you are from, welcome to Shanxi. 34. How many ancient buildings in Shanxi are seen as our national treasures? ________________________________________ 35. Was Xiaoxitian as famous as Yungang Grottoes before? ________________________________________ 36. What do Jack and Mary think in common about Shanxi? ________________________________________ 37. How does the local government protect ancient buildings? ________________________________________ 38. Have you been to any tourist attractions in Shanxi Province? What’s your understanding of Shanxi’s ancient buildings? ________________________________________ 【答案】34. More than 420. 35. No, it wasn’t. 36. They both think it is a place worth visiting again./They both want to visit Shanxi again. 37. By polishing, painting, and even rebuilding. 38. Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. They show how smart our ancestors were/ Shanxi’s ancient buildings are a mix of beauty, history and culture, showing ancient people’s wisdom. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了山西的古建筑及其文化价值、旅游建议和保护措施。 【34题详解】 根据第一段“There are also more than 420 old buildings as valuable as national treasures.”可知，420多座的古建筑被看作国家级文物。故填More than 420. 【35题详解】 根据“Xiaoxitian”板块中“Xiaoxitian Temple used to be known by only a few people.”以及第二段“Some well-known ones like Yungang Grottoes, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda will certainly surprise you.” 可知，小西天过去只有少数人知道，并不像云冈石窟那样有名。故填 No, it wasn’t. 【36题详解】 根据“Jack: Shanxi is an underrated (被低估) city and it is worth visiting again.”以及“Mary: It is really unbelievable to see so many ancient buildings in Shanxi. There are still many places I haven’t seen yet. I want to visit there again.”可知，Jack和Mary都想要再次拜访。故填They both think it is a place worth visiting again./They both want to visit Shanxi again. 【37题详解】 根据倒数第二段“Every year, the local government protects these places by polishing, painting and even rebuilding.”可知，地方政府每年都会通过打磨、粉刷甚至重建的方式来保护这些地方。故填By polishing, painting, and even rebuilding. 【38题详解】 本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合自身观点作答即可。根据最后一段“As we all know, Chinese civilization of the last five thousand years can be seen in Shanxi.”以及全文内容可知，山西的古建筑集美观、历史和文化于一身，彰显了古人的智慧。故填Yes, I have./ No, I haven’t. They show how smart our ancestors were./Shanxi’s ancient buildings are a mix of beauty, history and culture, showing ancient people’s wisdom. 八. 词语运用 (本题共有两个语篇, A 篇有五个小题, B 篇有十个小题, 每小题1分, 共15分. ) A I. M. Pei is a world-famous architect. Many people look up ____39____ him because of his amazing designs, such as the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum. It was very creative ____40____ him to design such a modern structure in a historic place. When designing the Suzhou Museum, he faced many difficulties, ____41____ he never gave up and finally created a beautiful ____42____ between the East and the West. His designs are so unique and inspiring ____43____ many young architects want to be creative persons like him. 【答案】39. to 40. of 41. but 42. bridge 43. that 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了世界著名建筑师贝聿铭的成就、设计精神及其对年轻建筑师的影响。 【39题详解】 句意：许多人因为他惊人的设计而敬仰他。look up to sb.为固定搭配，意为“敬仰某人”。 【40题详解】 句意：对他来说，在一处历史古迹里设计这样一座现代建筑是很有创意的。“It is + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth.”表示“某人做某事是……的”，固定句型，此处形容词creative用于描述人的特质，介词用of。 【41题详解】 句意：在设计苏州博物馆时，他遇到许多困难，但是他从未放弃。前后两个分句为转折关系，应用but，表示“但是”。 【42题详解】 句意：并且最终创造出一座沟通东西方的美丽桥梁。形容词beautiful修饰名词，a后接单数名词，bridge意为“桥梁”，“东西方之间的桥梁”契合苏州博物馆融合中西建筑风格的语境。 【43题详解】 句意：他的设计如此独特且鼓舞人心，以至于很多年轻建筑师想要成为像他一样有创造力的人。so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。 B 请阅读下面语篇, 根据其内容, 从方框内选出适当的单词, 将其正确形式填入空白处。方框中有两个词为多余项。 convenient digit house ease cover great village wide short bring sand we Li Hua comes from a northern village with sandy soil. In the past, most of the fields were ____44____ with dirt. Corn, vegetables and other plants couldn’t grow well and food ____45____ were a problem for years. The ____46____ all lived a hard life. With support from the government of ____47____ country, a railway and some wide roads were built, connecting the village directly to the capital of the province. That made business much ____48____. As the manager of a new agricultural business, Li Hua discussed with his team and they ____49____ about an important change: a smart watering system ____50____ increased the production. He and his team opened an online store using ____51____ technology and their corn products are now sold across the country. ____52____ conditions improved too. The narrow flats were replaced by big houses. A modern junior high school and a hospital were built too. All the people there were happy with the changes. Now, Li Hua runs his company with ____53____, leading his village towards a brighter future. 【答案】44. covered 45. shortages 46. villagers 47. our 48. more convenient 49. brought 50. greatly 51. digital 52. Housing 53. ease 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了李华所在的北方村庄在政府帮扶与李华团队的努力下，发展现代农业、改善基础设施，村庄摆脱贫困，走向美好未来的故事。 【44题详解】 句意：在过去，大部分田地被泥土覆盖。“In the past, most of the fields were ____ with dirt.”表示被沙土覆盖，be covered with为固定搭配，意为“被……覆盖”，本句是一般过去时的被动语态，cover需要变为过去分词covered。 【45题详解】 句意：多年来食物短缺一直是个问题。“food ____ were a problem”表示“粮食短缺是难题”，空格后be动词为were，要用名词复数。short变为名词shortage，复数形式是shortages。 【46题详解】 句意：村民们都过着艰难的生活。“The ____ all lived a hard life”表示“村民们过着艰苦的生活”，此处缺主语，指代人。village变为指人的名词villager（村民），根据“all”可知需用复数形式，villager的复数形式是villagers。 【47题详解】 句意：在我们国家政府的支持下，一条铁路和一些宽阔的公路被修建，将村庄直接连接到省会。“____country”表示“我们的国家”，空格修饰名词country，we为人称代词主格，应用形容词性物主代词our（我们的）。 【48题详解】 句意：这使得生意变得更加便利。“made business much ____”表示“使得做生意便利很多”，much后面接形容词比较级，convenient的比较级more convenient。 【49题详解】 句意：他们商讨后带来了一个重要的改变。“they ____ about an important change”表示“带来一项重要变革”，此处缺谓语动词，叙述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。bring的过去式为brought，bring about意为“带来”。故填brought。 【50题详解】 句意：一个智能灌溉系统极大地增加了产量。“system ____ increased the production”表示“系统极大提升产量”，此处修饰动词increased，需用副词，great的副词形式是greatly。 【51题详解】 句意：他和团队利用数字技术开了一家网店。“using ____ technology”表示 “使用数字技术”，此处修饰名词 technology，需用形容词。digit的形容词形式是digital。 【52题详解】 句意：居住条件也改善了。原句“____ conditions improved”表示“住房条件得到改善”，此处修饰 conditions，表示“住房条件”，常用Housing conditions。句首首字母大写。故填Housing。 【53题详解】 句意：现在，李华轻松地经营着他的公司。“runs his company with ____”表示“从容经营公司”，with ease为固定短语，意为“轻松地”，作状语。故填ease。 九、书面表达 (15分) 54. 每个人心中都有值得敬佩的榜样, 他们以坚持与奉献发光, 下面请以The Person I Admire Most 为题目写一篇短文。内容必须包含以下三个核心要点: 1. 你最钦佩的人物是谁 (可以是名人、科学家、运动员, 也可以是身边的父母、老师等普通人) ; 2. 用1-2件简单的具体事例, 讲述他/她的主要事迹或身上的优秀品质; 3. 谈谈这个人带给你的激励与启发。 要求: 1. 词数: 100词左右; 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。 The Person I Admire Most _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 范文： The Person I Admire Most The person I admire most is my mother. My mother is a nurse. She works very hard. When COVID-19 came, she volunteered to help sick people in the hospital. She worked long hours every day and couldn't come home for a month. She was tired but never gave up. She also helped an old man who fell on the street and took him to the hospital. My mother teaches me to be brave and kind. She encourages me to study hard and help others. I want to be a person like her. I am proud of her. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确认文体：这是一篇人物介绍类记叙文，时态以一般现在时和一般过去时为主 明确要点：需包含最钦佩的人物是谁，用1-2件具体事例讲述其主要事迹或优秀品质，讲讲带给自己的激励与启发 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) 和第三人称 (she) 注意事项：词数100左右；不得出现真实人名、校名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 第一段：点明最钦佩的人是谁 第二段：用具体事例讲述其事迹和品质 第三段：阐述带给自己的激励与启发 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：引出人物 引出表达：The person I admire most is my mother./Among all the people I know, I admire…most./If you ask me who I admire most, I will say…等 要点二：身份 身份介绍：My mother is a nurse./He is a doctor./She is a teacher.等 要点三：具体事例 事例一：When COVID-19 came, she volunteered to help sick people in the hospital./She worked long hours every day and couldn’t come home for a month./She was tired but never gave up./When the pandemic broke out, she chose to stay in the hospital to care for patients./She wore heavy protective clothing every day and worked without rest.等 事例二：She also helped an old man who fell on the street and took him to the hospital./She often helps people in need./One day, she saw an old man fall down and quickly ran to help him.等 要点四：激励与启发 激励表达：My mother teaches me to be brave and kind./She encourages me to study hard and help others./She shows me the importance of helping others.等 启发表达：I want to be a person like her./I am proud of her./I will learn from her and try my best to help others.等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $