Unit 1 Science and Scientists Workbook Reading and Writing课时作业 2026-2027学年广东省高二英语上学期人教版选择性必修第二册

高二英语读写课分层课后作业（A/B层）——《AI AND HUMAN BEINGS》 一、作品基础信息 项目 填写内容 作品名称 高二英语读写课分层课后作业（A/B层）——《AI AND HUMAN BEINGS》 学段学科 高中英语 适用年级 高二年级 教材版本 人教版（新教材，2019） 对应内容 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists（Workbook）Reading and Writing——《AI AND HUMAN BEINGS》（教材P64） 作业类型 课后作业 完成时长 分层计时：B层20分钟；A层30分钟 设计者 洪林轩 二、设计背景与意图 1. 课标与教材分析 · 课标要求：本作业对应的学科核心素养是语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、学习能力，需达成能读懂关于科技发展与人类关系的议论文；能辨析不同观点，运用恰当连接词表达个人见解；能对科技发展相关话题进行简单辩证评述的学业质量标准。 · 教材地位：本课时围绕《AI AND HUMAN BEINGS》展开读写教学，属于“人与社会—科技发展”主题语境。承载核心概念：理性看待人工智能发展的利与弊，辩证思考科技与人类的关系；训练议论文阅读策略与观点表达句式；树立理性科技观，培养科技伦理意识与批判性思维。 · 教学重难点：本作业聚焦的重难点：①AI主题核心词汇、议论文逻辑连接词的理解与语境运用；②议论文长难句理解与仿写迁移；③读懂观点类阅读文本，推理作者态度；④能够有条理地书面表达辩证观点（概要写作与议论文段落），对接高考阅读理解、概要写作与书面表达要求。 2. 学情分析 维度 具体描述 已有基础 高二学生已经具备一定的词汇基础，能够读懂简单议论文；初步掌握部分议论文连接词；已经完成本课时课文学习，了解AI相关话题词汇（artificial intelligence、driverless cars、personal assistant等）；具备简单句子拆解与观点输出的书面表达基础。 现有困惑 AI主题词汇在新语境下灵活运用薄弱；议论文长难句拆解与仿写迁移能力不足；做阅读理解推理判断题容易主观臆断；书面表达逻辑松散，缺少恰当过渡词，辩证观点表达不到位。 差异分析 班级学生分层明显：一部分学生基础薄弱，词汇记忆不牢，长难句理解困难，需要依托课文素材夯实基础（B层）；部分学生基础扎实，具备拓展阅读与思辨写作潜力，需要高阶思维训练，对接高考难度（A层）。 3. 设计意图（一段话讲清即可） 本作业立足新高考命题方向，依据学生学情设置A、B两个分层：B层立足课文落实阅读细节定位、长难句拆解与主题词块积累，保障基础薄弱学生巩固课堂所学；A层进行文本观点梳理、高考概要写作、思辨探究与议论文微写作，训练学生思辨能力与语言输出，兼顾保底巩固与能力拔高，实现因材施教，落实英语学科四大核心素养。 三、作业目标 目标维度 编号 具体目标 对应核心素养 评价证据 知识理解 A 识记、辨别AI主题核心词汇与议论文逻辑连接词，能够在语境中正确运用 语言能力 词块默写正确率、长难句拆解准确度 能力运用 B 运用阅读策略完成阅读理解；拆解课文长难句；完成概要写作与议论文书面表达 语言能力、学习能力 阅读选择正确率、概要写作与书面表达完成度 思维发展 C 概括文本主旨，推理作者态度，辩证分析AI发展的利与弊，有理有据表达个人观点 思维品质 观点梳理填空、思辨问答作答、写作中理由论证 情感态度 D 理性看待人工智能的发展，形成客观的科技观与科技伦理意识 文化意识 写作内容、观点倾向 四、作业内容与目标对应表 题号 题型 题目概要 对应作业目标编号 设计意图 参考答案/评价要点 B-1 阅读选择（基础） 高考风格细节理解与词义猜测选择题（5题），依据课文内容命制 B·A、B 依托课文内容，训练高考基础阅读细节定位与信息理解能力 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.B；错题要求回原文定位 B-2 长难句拆解 拆解课文2个长难句，划分主干并判断从句类型，翻译成中文 B·A、B 突破长难句理解障碍，训练句子结构分析能力，为阅读提速 主干划分正确、从句类型识别准确、翻译达意即可 B-3 主题词块默写 根据中文写出6个AI主题英文短语（词块） B·A 积累AI话题词汇与主题词块，为阅读与写作提供语言储备 拼写正确，大小写规范；错词要求订正 B-4 观点输出（微写作） 用1~2句话表达对“AI会否取代人类”的观点并给出一个理由 B·B、D 简短输出，训练观点表达与简单论证，为议论文写作铺垫 观点明确，理由合理，语法错误较少即可 A-1 观点梳理（思维导图填空） 概括文本中不同人群对AI的态度及理由，完成观点结构图填空 A·A、C 训练概括归纳与文本结构梳理能力，把握不同立场与论据 三类态度概括准确，理由提取完整，逻辑对应正确 A-2 概要写作 用约60词概括全文要点，覆盖不同态度与AI应用，使用自己的语言 A·A、C 对接新高考概要写作题型，训练要点提炼、语言转述与逻辑衔接 要点完整、语言准确、连贯流畅，参照高考概要评分细则分档 A-3 思辨探究（问答题） 3道阅读理解推理问答题（人类创造力vs AI、作者隐含态度、陪伴机器人） A·B、C 训练高阶推理与隐含观点判断，深化对“AI与人类差异”主题的理解 作答有理有据，能引用文本信息支撑观点 A-4 议论文微写作 80词议论文段落，论述是否应限制AI发展，须用非限制性定语从句与让步状语从句 A·B、C、D 对接高考书面表达，训练辩证论证、复杂句式运用与观点表达 论点明确，论证充分，两类语法结构使用正确，语言流畅 五、作业评价 维度 A（优秀） B（良好） C（待改进） 权重 得分 知识理解 词块默写全对，长难句拆解准确 少量拼写或结构错误 较多基础错误，拆解困难 20% 能力运用 阅读定位准确，写作逻辑清晰、句式丰富 方法基本正确，偶有错误 方法不当或缺失 30% 思维发展 观点明确，论证充分，有独创性 表达清楚，欠缺深度 思路混乱，缺乏证据 30% 情感态度 主动投入，积极交流，乐于协作；学习目标明确，能主动反思改进 态度端正，能按要求完成任务；基本参与合作 学习态度消极，被动完成任务，合作意识弱 20% 6、 试题详情 B层（基础巩固层，建议时长20分钟） Ⅰ. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文（节选自课文《AI AND HUMAN BEINGS》，有删节），选择最佳选项。 Is it possible to make machines think like humans? This is one question in research in the field of Artificial Intelligence, or “AI”. To think like a human, it involves feelings, morality, hopes and dreams. Humans can make decisions by themselves without input from others, and they can learn from experience. In addition, humans can create things from their own inspiration for their own pleasure. The question is whether machines can ever really think in all these aspects. The idea of a computer that is all-powerful and can think and make decisions for itself terrifies many people. In some films, AI even decides that all humans must be killed. Many people are also concerned that AI will be used to replace humans. Yet others are comforted by the thought of AI. Today, AI is already being used with great success in Internet search engines and as a personal assistant in our smartphones. It is also used to diagnose problems and suggest solutions. Researchers are experimenting with the use of AI in driverless cars which can sense their surroundings and decide on the best way to reach a destination. Virtual assistants are being used in some homes, and in the near future, AI is likely to manage smart homes. The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas. Do you think we can create a robot that thinks like a human? If so, is there truly a difference between AI and a human? 1. According to Paragraph 1, what does “think like humans” involve? A. Only making quick decisions B. Feelings, morality, hopes and dreams C. Copying input from other people D. Creating machines 2. Why are some people terrified of powerful AI? A. AI may replace robots B. In some movies, AI decides to kill all humans C. AI cannot learn from experience D. AI has already replaced humans 3. What is the companion robot’s position compared with problem-solving intelligent machines? A. More important B. Equally critical C. Less critical D. Totally useless 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the use of AI in the passage? A. Diagnosing problems and giving suggestions B. Driving self-driving cars C. Creating new human feelings D. Working as virtual home assistants 5. What is the main question raised at the end of the passage? A. Whether AI is cheaper than human workers B. Whether a thinking robot means no real difference between AI and humans C. How to stop AI from developing D. When all humans will be replaced by AI Ⅱ. 长难句拆解 课文原句①：The question is whether machines can ever really think in all these aspects. 任务：划出句子主干，判断whether从句的类型，并将全句翻译成中文。 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 课文原句②：Researchers are also experimenting with the use of AI in driverless cars which can sense their surroundings and decide on the best way to reach a destination. 任务：划出句子主干，指出which从句的先行词，并将全句翻译成中文。 __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅲ. 主题词块默写 根据中文释义，写出对应的英文短语（本课主题词汇）。 1. 人工智能　____________________ 2. 从经验中学习　____________________ 3. 取代人类　____________________ 4. 个人助手　____________________ 5. 无人驾驶汽车　____________________ 6. 智能家居　____________________ Ⅳ. 观点输出 用1~2句话回答： Do you think AI will fully replace human beings in the future? Give one simple reason. （要求：观点明确，理由合理，语法正确） __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ A层（能力提升层，建议时长30分钟） Ⅰ. Opinion Mapping (Mind-map Completion) Read the passage and complete the mind map below to show different people’s attitudes towards AI and their reasons. Group 1 — People who are terrified of powerful AI: Attitude: _____________; Reason(Hint: films, AI replacing humans): __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Group 2 — People who feel comforted by AI: Attitude: ______________; Reason:(Hint: replacing loved ones, convenience in daily life) __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Writer’s view: AI has proved its superiority to humans in many areas, but the question remains. Question raised at the end of the passage: ________________________________ (If we can create a robot that thinks like a human, ___________________________________________________. Ⅱ. Summary Writing Task: Summarize the main idea of the passage in about 60 words. Requirements: 1 cover different people’s attitudes towards AI and the practical applications of AI; 2 use your own words and avoid copying long sentences from the text; 3 pay attention to grammar and coherence. Writing tips: You may summarize in this order — the special nature of human thinking (feelings, morality and inspiration) → some people’s fear → the applications and advantages of AI → the writer’s question. Your summary: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅲ. Critical Thinking (Open Questions) Read the passage and answer the following questions in complete sentences, supporting your answers with information from the text. Q1. According to Paragraph 1, what is the difference between human creativity and the work done by AI? (Hint: Humans can create things from their own inspiration, while machines process data and programs without real feelings or self-awareness.) Answer: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Q2. The text says “The AI of today has already proven its superiority to humans in many areas.” What does the writer imply by saying this? (Hint: Think about the contrast between AI’s applications in search, diagnosis and driving and human qualities such as feelings, morality and inspiration.) Answer: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Q3. The writer says the need for companion robots “does not seem to be as critical as” our need for intelligent machines that can solve problems. Why does the writer think so? (Hint: Compare the different roles the two kinds of machines play in human life.) Answer: __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅳ. Argumentative Paragraph Writing Task: Write a paragraph (about 80 words) on the topic: Should we limit the development of AI? Requirements: ① State your opinion clearly and give at least one supporting reason; ② Point out one potential risk so that your argument is well-balanced; ③ Use one non-restrictive attributive clause and one concessive clause; ④ Keep your writing coherent; about 80 words. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Optional Challenge (A-level) Imagine 20 years later, you talk with an AI robot that looks and talks like a human. Write a 3-line dialogue, showing your confusion about whether it can “think”. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ 7、 答案与解析 B层 1、【答案】 Ⅰ.阅读理解： 1.B　2.B　3.C　4.C　5.B 【解析】第1题定位第一段feelings, morality, hopes and dreams；第2题原文In some films, AI even decides that all humans must be killed；第3题原文the need for such robots does not seem to be as critical as...，故陪伴机器人不如解决问题的智能机器关键；第4题creating new human feelings文中未提及；第5题对应文末核心问题is there truly a difference between AI and a human? Ⅱ.长难句拆解参考： ① 主干：The question is...；whether引导表语从句（是否……）；译文：问题是机器能否真的在这些方面思考。 ② 主干：Researchers are also experimenting with the use of AI in driverless cars...；which引导定语从句，先行词为driverless cars；译文：研究人员也在尝试把AI用于无人驾驶汽车，这种汽车能感知周围环境并决定到达目的地的最佳路线。 【解析】拆解步骤：先找谓语动词（is；are experimenting、can sense、decide），再判断从句类型（whether表语从句、which定语从句），最后按“主干—修饰语”顺序翻译。 Ⅲ.主题词块默写： 1. artificial intelligence　2. learn from experience　3. replace humans　 4. personal assistant　 5. driverless cars　 6. smart homes Ⅳ.观点输出参考示例： I don’t think AI will fully replace human beings. Humans have feelings, morality and creativity, which machines can never truly copy. 【解析】作答要点：以观点句开头（I think / I don’t think），给出与人类特质相关的一条理由即可；语法正确、观点明确即得分，不苛求高级词汇。 A层 2、【答案】 Ⅰ. Opinion Mapping — Suggested Answers: Group 1: Attitude — terrified; Reason — in some films, AI even decides that all humans must be killed, and many people worry that AI will be used to replace humans. Group 2: Attitude — comforted; Reason — with AI, robots may replace loved ones who have died, and AI brings convenience in search engines, personal assistants, diagnosis and driverless cars. The writer’s question — if we can create a robot that thinks like a human or even a more intelligent one, is there truly a difference between AI and a human? Analysis: Find the key attitude words (terrified / comforted) of each group first, then match each group with its supporting evidence; the writer’s view appears at the beginning and the end of the passage. Ⅱ. Summary Writing — Sample Answer (about 60 words): Human thinking involves feelings, morality and dreams, so the question is whether machines can truly think like humans. Some people fear powerful AI, imagining it may destroy human beings. Today, however, AI is widely used in search engines, personal assistants, diagnosis and driverless cars. If a robot can really think, there will be no real difference between it and humans. Analysis: The sample covers the special nature of human thinking → two kinds of attitudes → the applications of AI → the final question. It paraphrases the text and uses linking words such as so, however and if. Marking tips: Refer to the Gaokao summary-writing rubric — completeness of main points (6 pts) + accurate and coherent language (6 pts); copying whole sentences from the text leads to deduction. Ⅲ. Critical Thinking — Suggested Answers: Q1: Humans can create things from their own inspiration, which comes from unique experiences such as feelings, morality, hopes and dreams; AI only processes data and programs without real feelings or self-awareness. Q2: The writer implies that although AI is better than humans in specific fields such as search, diagnosis and driving, it still lacks human feelings and moral judgment, so we should view its advantages and limits rationally. Q3: Because human beings more urgently need intelligent machines that can solve problems by learning from observation and experience (for example, doing repetitive or dangerous work), while companion robots mainly meet emotional needs and are therefore less critical. Ⅳ. Argumentative Paragraph Writing — Sample Writing (about 80 words): Although AI brings great convenience, I think we should set reasonable limits on its development. AI has made remarkable progress in medical diagnosis and driverless cars, which benefits our daily life greatly. However, powerful AI may replace human workers and even threaten our safety. Therefore, we should develop AI while keeping human beings in control. For example, we can make laws to guide the use of AI and ensure that it always follows human values. Only in this way can technology truly serve us. Analysis: The sample uses although (concessive clause) and which (non-restrictive attributive clause), the linking words however / therefore, and follows the structure “opinion — supporting reason — potential risk — conclusion”. Optional Challenge — Sample Dialogue: “Are you really thinking, or just following a program?” “If you can think, do you also have feelings and dreams?” “If so, what makes me truly different from you?” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $