Unit 6 grammar 导学案 2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册

Unit 6 Wisdom counts 语法探究课学案 2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册 Class __________ Name __________ Date __________ 教材定位 第89至90页 建议课时 40分钟 本课聚焦 比较现在完成时和一般过去时，先判断时间视角，再选择形式。 完成标志 解释两种时态的不同作用，并完成一段自然的故事交流。 一 两句话 为什么不一样 5分钟 Read the exchange on p. 89. Imagine that you are standing beside the captain now. A The Greeks have gone. B They left last night. 1. Which sentence tells us WHEN the action happened? ______ 2. Which sentence explains why the camp is empty NOW? ______ 3. Do the two sentences describe different departures? YES / NO My first rule: __________________________________________________________________ 二 给句子找到时间视角 8分钟 Underline the verb phrase. Write N for a connection with now, or P for a completed past time. 句中“现在”以说话者所在的时间为准。 Sentence N or P Evidence or meaning 1. We have found a wooden horse. Come and see it! _____ Now we can __________. 2. We found the horse outside the gate this morning. It is evening now. _____ Finished time: __________. 3. I have read three stories so far. _____ The time continues until ______. 4. I read the story last Sunday. _____ Finished time: __________. Complete the rule: We use ____________________ for a completed event at a finished past time. We use ____________________ for experience, results or situations connected with now. Form check: present perfect = __________ / __________ + past participle（过去分词）. Simple past question = __________ + subject + base verb（动词原形）? 三 检验规则 不被时间词牵着走 9分钟 1. The Trojan War is over in our historical retelling. It lasted / has lasted for ten years. 2. I joined the History Club two years ago and I am still a member. I was / have been a member for two years. Both sentences use for. Why are the tenses different? You may explain in Chinese. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. “We have won!” says the captain in the story. Why can an ancient character use the present perfect? A Every sentence in an ancient story must use it. B The captain connects the result with his own “now”. C The captain is speaking from the present day. 4. Repair the sentences. Explain ONE correction. a. I have visited the museum yesterday. → ____________________________________________ b. She has wrote a story about wisdom. → _____________________________________________ c. Did you readed it last night? → ___________________________________________________ d. I learnt a lot since I joined the club, and I am still learning. → ___________________________ My explanation: _________________________________________________________________ 四 把规则放进真实交流 8分钟 Complete the dialogue with the correct forms of the verbs. Read the whole situation first. A: (1) __________ you ever __________ (read) a story about Zhuge Liang? B: Yes. I (2) __________ (read) one last weekend. A: Which story (3) __________ you __________ (choose) then? B: Arrows borrowed from an enemy. In the story, he (4) __________ (use) boats to collect arrows. A: I (5) __________ just __________ (finish) that story, so I can discuss it now. B: Great! Our club (6) __________ (study) ancient stories since September, and the project is still going on. Circle two different time clues. Explain why items 1 and 2 use different tenses. ________________________________________________________________________________ 五 故事访谈与离堂诊断 10分钟 Take 6 minutes to create and practise an interview with your partner. Choose a familiar story. If you need help, use the story notes below. Story notes The Trojan Horse: the Greeks could not enter Troy; some soldiers hid inside a wooden horse; the Trojans took it inside; the soldiers opened the gate at night. Your interview must move through three stages: experience → past details → present learning. 至少一个现在完成时问句、两个一般过去时细节句和一个学习收获句。 Stage Your lines Experience A: Have you ever __________________________________? B: _______________________________________________ Past details A: When did you ___________________________________? B: _______________________________________________ A: What happened in the story? B: _______________________________________________ Learning now A: What have you learnt from it? B: _______________________________________________ Pair check Underline one finished past time. Box one present-perfect verb phrase. Does each tense express the intended meaning? 独立诊断 4分钟 1. I __________ (see) the film last Saturday. 2. Look at my notes! I __________ already __________ (find) three useful details. 3. The ancient war __________ (end) long ago. 4. Explain the difference in Chinese or English. “I lost my notebook yesterday.” / “I have lost my notebook, so I cannot show you my notes now.” ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 自评 [ ] 我先判断意思和时间范围 [ ] 我会用过去分词 [ ] 我没有把现在完成时直接搭配yesterday 课后选做 Write four sentences about your reading: one experience, two details of a finished reading event, and one thing you have learnt. Label the time viewpoint of each sentence. 参考答案与规则说明 一与二 从意义归纳形式 一 1. B 2. A 3. NO。两句可以描述同一次离开：have gone突出现在已不在此处；left last night交代过去离开的时间。 二 1. have found，N；see the horse。2. found，P；this morning（语境明确此刻是晚上）。3. have read，N；now。4. read，P；last Sunday。第4句read的过去式拼写不变，读音为/red/。 规则填空 the simple past；the present perfect；have / has；Did。规则核心是完成的过去时间与当前联系。ever、already、for等可提供线索，但不是脱离语境的“自动按钮”。 三 对规则作压力测试 1. lasted。战争在回顾叙述中已经结束，for ten years只说明持续了多久，不说明延续到现在。 2. have been。成员身份开始于过去，且现在仍继续。两个for短语相同，时间范围不同。 3. B。直接引语以故事中人物说话的那个时刻为“现在”；“We have won!”表达队长当时认为已经出现的结果，不意味着现实中此刻战争刚结束。还应提醒学生：人物的判断未必正确。 4a. I visited the museum yesterday. 有明确且已结束的过去时间。 4b. She has written a story about wisdom. has后接过去分词written。 4c. Did you read it last night? Did后用动词原形read。 4d. I have learnt / have learned a lot since I joined the club, and I am still learning. 学习从加入俱乐部持续到现在。 四 情境填空 1. Have; read 2. read 3. did; choose 4. used 5. have; finished 6. has studied。第6题若学生已学现在完成进行时，has been studying也可表达持续活动，但本课不要求。 第1题询问截至现在的人生经历，没有限定一次已结束的过去时间；第2题转入last weekend的具体经历。第4题用一般过去时讲故事中的行动；第5题突出当前可以讨论的结果；第6题表示项目仍在继续。 语法运用示例与诊断反馈 五 故事访谈示例 A: Have you ever read the story of the Trojan Horse? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you read it? B: I read it last week. A: What happened in the story? B: The Greeks hid some soldiers inside a wooden horse. The Trojans pulled it into their city. At night, the soldiers opened the gate. A: What have you learnt from it? B: I have learnt that we should listen to others and check the facts. 评价要点 经历问句恰当；已结束的事件用一般过去时；学习收获联系当前；问答意思衔接。一般现在时“I think …”也可用于表达当前观点，不必强行把整段改成完成时。 独立诊断答案 1. saw 2. have; found 3. ended。 4. 第一句交代昨天发生的丢失事件，并未明确告诉我们现在是否已经找回。第二句强调丢失给现在带来的结果：此刻无法展示笔记。两句都谈过去，但信息焦点不同。 出现的问题 下一步纠正 看到for就用完成时 比较“持续十年但已结束的战争”与“仍在继续的社团经历”，先圈出时间范围。 has后用过去式 对照write—wrote—written，find—found—found，go—went—gone，read—read—read。 Have you ever后续一直用完成时 追问When did …?，把经历问答转入某次具体的过去事件。 故事人物不准用完成时 分清叙述者回顾过去与人物在当时说话这两种视角。 达成判断 独立诊断前三题每题1分，第4题2分；得4至5分表示基本达成。得0至3分者先用中文说清“时间是否结束、现在有什么联系”，再重做一个同类情境。 Unit 6 | 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $