精品解析：广东广州市第二中学2026-2027学年第一学期月考（一）高二英语试题

广州市第二中学2026学年第一学期月考（一） 高二英语 命题：高二英语备课组 2026年10月8日 本试卷共10页，共10大题。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 Ⅰ．听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节 听力理解（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面对话，各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。录音读两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第1 — 3题。 1. Where did the man get the idea for his invention? A. From a TV program. B. From a science book. C. From an experiment. 2. Where do the speakers probably live? A. In Sweden. B. In France. C. In Britain. 3. How many pieces of litter did the man collect on the second day? A. 12. B. 37. C. 49. 听第二段独白，回答第4 — 6题。 4. Which isn’t included in the Nobel Prizes? A. The Peace Prize. B. The Literature Prize. C. The Maths Prize. 5. When did Alfred Nobel die? A. In 1896. B. In1901. C. In 1906. 6. What made Nobel become rich? A. His position. B. His invention. C. His family. 听第三段对话，回答第7 — 10题。 7. What does the speaker say about first-aid boxes on the market? A. They are too costly. B. They are not practical. C. They are of poor quality. 8. When is a lightweight first-aid box especially important? A. Going traveling. B. Being ill at home. C. Shopping at the market. 9. What should be considered when preparing the basic medicine? A. The duration of the trip. B. The design of the box. C. The size of the family. 10. What does the speaker advise us to do? A. Store as much medicine as possible. B. Take a first-aid box along any time. C. Create a personalized first-aid box. 第二节 听取信息（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为11 — 15的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍。你将有60秒钟的作答时间。 Science in the Future Computer Science ● The invention of computers is as momentous a development as when our predecessors (祖先) learned how to make and use 11 for all sorts of purposes. ● Computer will be seen as being intelligent. Psychology ● Psychological research will become increasingly 12 . ● Imaging devices will give information about the behaviour of the 13 . Genetics ● With increased life expectancy, it is important for the elderly to take 14 of life into account. ● Knowledge of a person’s DNA will indicate whether they are likely to suffer from any 15 . ● New treatments will be developed and the current one-size-fits-all approach will give way to a more personal approach. II．单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. It is the man ________ stealing the money who ________ for the whole incident. A. suspected of; is to blame B. suspected of; is to be blamed C. having suspected of; is to blame D. being suspected of; is to be blamed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：那个被怀疑偷了钱的人应该受到责备。句子是强调句式It is...who强调句子主语；第一空：suspect sb. of (doing) sth.​ 意为“怀疑某人做某事”，suspect“怀疑”与其逻辑主语the man之间为被动关系，用过去分词短语suspected of“被怀疑……”作后置定语修饰名词the man。第二空：be to blame (for)是固定表达，意为“该受责备、应对……负责”，用主动形式表被动含义，所以第二空填is to blame。 2. Who will you ________ this matter properly? A. have handled B. have handle C. have to handle D. have handling 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你会让谁妥善处理这件事？本题考查have sb. do sth.​结构，意为“让/叫某人做某事”；句子还原为陈述语序：You will have who handle this matter properly?​ ，疑问词who提前变成“Who will you have handle this matter properly?”，本题中用handle“处理”，为不带to的不定式作宾补。 3. ________ at the conflicting evidence, the researcher kept trying to find the truth ________ the event was caused by human activity rather than natural factors. A. Frustrating; which B. Frustrated; that C. Being frustrated; that D. Having frustrated; which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：面对相互矛盾的证据感到沮丧，这位研究者不断努力寻找真相——即该事件是由人类活动而非自然因素引起的。第一空：放在句首作状语，frustrate“使沮丧”与其逻辑主语the researcher之间是被动关系，用过去分词Frustrated作状语。第二空：the truth​后是同位语从句，解释truth的具体内容，从句结构完整、不缺成分，用连接词that​引导同位语从句。 4. ________, so many famous directors subscribed to his creative idea for the movie. A. He performed well in his first film B. Having performed well in his first film C. Because he performed well in his first film 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：他在第一部电影中表现出色，所以许多著名导演都赞同他这部电影的创意构想。句中有并列连词so，说明前面必须是一个完整的独立分句，构成“句子 + so + 句子”的并列结构。A：He performed well in his first film​是完整句子，可与so连用，正确。B：Having performed...是现在分词短语，不是完整句子，不能与so构成并列句；C：Because he performed...是原因状语从句，若用 because，则主句应是“many directors subscribed...”，而原句带了so，造成because..., so...连用，违反英语语法（because和so不能同时使用）。 D His performance in the first film impressing the director 5. Just remember it is completely normal to deal with ________ family conflicts bring and ________ you and your family members can make joint efforts to fix your bond. A. which; what B. that; what C. that; that D. what; that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：只需记住，去处理家庭冲突所带来的（问题）是完全正常的，而且你和你的家人可以共同努力修复彼此的关系。第一空：空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事物，用what引导该从句；第二空：句中and连接两个并列的宾语从句，作remember的宾语，第一个连接词that省略，第二个句子中结构完整，不缺少成分，用that引导，that 在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。 6. ________ is indicated in the report, we cannot ignore the evidence ________ environmental changes with what local people have experienced over the years. A. As; linked B. It; linked C. As; linking D. What; linking 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：正如报告中指出的那样，我们不能忽视将环境变化与当地人民多年来所经历的情况联系起来的证据。第一空：考查非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，置于句首，故用As，As is indicated in the report是固定表达，意为“正如报告中所表明的”。 第二空：考查非谓语动词，link“联系”与其逻辑主语evidence之间是主动关系，应用现在分词linking​作后置定语修饰名词 evidence。 7. The ________ look on the new manager’s face suggested that he was not fully prepared to be ________ the whole team. A. confusing; in charge of B. confused; in the charge of C. confused; in charge of D. confusing; in the charge of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：新经理脸上困惑的表情表明他还没有完全准备好掌管整个团队。第一空修饰 look“表情”，表示“（人）感到困惑的”，用-ed形容词confused；confusing表示“令人困惑的”，通常修饰事物本身令人迷惑；人脸上的表情是“感到困惑的”，故用confused look。第二空：in charge of​意为“负责/掌管（某事/某人）”，主语是负责人；in the charge of​意为“由……负责/掌管”，主语是被掌管的事物。此处he是负责人，“掌管整个团队”，故用in charge of。 8. The exciting moment ________ Gerry will always remember is ________ he approaches the Harbor Bridge and the Opera House. A. which; what B. that; what C. what; when D. that; when 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：格里将永远铭记的那个激动人心的时刻，是他接近海港大桥和歌剧院的时候。第一空：空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The exciting moment​，从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词 that/which引导该从句。第二空：空格处引导表语从句，从句主谓宾结构完整，但需要表示“在……的时候”，故用连接副词when​引导表语从句。 9. ________ with solid professional knowledge and strong determination, Fan Jinshi spent her whole life ________ the precious cultural treasures in the Mogao Caves. A. Equipping; in memory of B. Equipped; in defence of C. Equipped; in view of D. Being equipped; in honor of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：具备扎实的专业知识和坚定的决心，樊锦诗毕生致力于守护莫高窟的珍贵文化瑰宝。第一空：(be) equipped with...​是固定搭配，意为“配备有……；具备……”。动词equip“配备”与其逻辑主语Fan Jinshi之间为被动关系，用过去分词Equipped​作状语。 第二空：spend one’s life in defence of​ sth.意为“毕生致力于保护/捍卫某物”；莫高窟文物需要“守护、保卫”，in defence of“保卫、保护”最贴切。 in memory of为“纪念”；in view of为“鉴于、考虑到”；in honor of为“向……致敬”，均不符“守护文物”之意。 10. ________ is an urgent need to arrange more medical workers to work on night ________ so that the hospital can offer patients round-the-clock medical care. A. There; shifts B. It; shifts C. There; charges D. It; charges 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：迫切需要安排更多医护人员在夜班轮值，以便医院能为患者提供全天候医疗服务。第一空：There is an urgent need to do sth.​是固定句型，表示“有做某事迫切的需要”，用There be​存在句型。 第二空：结合后文“so that the hospital can offer patients round-the-clock medical care”可知用night shifts​ “夜班（轮班工作）”，shift 指“轮班、班次”；charge意为“负责、费用、掌管”，不符合“夜班”含义。 III．阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A The Cornell Note-Taking System: A Guide to Effective Learning The Cornell note-taking system, developed by Dr. Walter Pauk at Cornell University in the 1950s, is a widely recommended method to help students structure their notes using a systematic format that enhances understanding and thought organization. It divides a standard page into three distinct sections, each with a specific purpose, as shown in the diagram below. The method is best executed (执行) through the 5R strategy — a strategy that optimizes notes and enhances memory. 1. Record: Write down relevant information in the main note-taking area. Focus on the main ideas with clear explanations and examples that reinforce your understanding of the topic. 2. Reduce: Condense (浓缩) the information into key topics, phrases, or questions in the cue column, and briefly summarize your notes at the bottom to provide a brief overview of the material. 3. Recite: Cover the note-taking area and attempt to recite the information aloud. Check your answers and make revisions to both sections as necessary. 4. Reflect: Think about the significance of what you’ve learned and how it connects to your existing knowledge. You may consider the practical applications of the new material, further questions to explore, or how everything fits into the bigger picture. 5. Review: Regularly revisit your notes, using the cues to activate your active recall, which reinforces your understanding and improves long-term memory. Ready to transform the way you take notes and maintain information? The Cornell note-taking template(模板) is waiting for you. Whether you’re a student striving for academic excellence, a professional keen on making meetings more productive, or someone simply looking to organize thoughts more effectively, this template is your go-to solution. Start your journey towards clearer, more effective note-taking today! 11. What do Cue Column and Summary Column have in common? A. Focus on main ideas. B. Be filled in during class. C. Record detailed lecture content. D. Serve as decorative areas. 12. What should you do right after taking down lecture notes? A. Go over notes regularly to strengthen memory. B. Cover your notes and start reciting immediately. C. Extract key points to the cue column and summarize. D. Think about how the new knowledge applies to your life. 13. Who is the Cornell note-taking template intended for? A. Cornell University Students only. B. Academics working on research papers. C. Researchers exploring learning methods. D. Individuals seeking to structure their ideas. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由康奈尔大学开发的康奈尔笔记法，包括它的分区设计、遵循的5R学习策略，以及这一笔记模板的适用人群。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“2. Reduce: Condense (浓缩) the information into key topics, phrases, or questions in the cue column, and briefly summarize your notes at the bottom to provide a brief overview of the material.(2. 简化：将信息浓缩成关键主题、短语或问题写在提示栏，并在底部简要总结笔记，对内容进行概览。)”并结合图示信息可知：Cue Column(提示栏)下方明确列有“Main ideas(主要观点)”Summary Column(总结栏)下方明确列有“For top level, main ideas(用于顶层主要观点)”。这说明两个栏目的共同点都是聚焦于主要内容。提示栏用于记录主要观点和提问要点，总结栏用于概括核心思想，二者都是对笔记内容的提炼和浓缩。所以提示栏和总结栏的共同点是都聚焦于核心要点。故选A项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“1. Record: Write down relevant information in the main note-taking area.(1. 记录：在主要笔记区域写下相关信息。)”和第四段“2. Reduce: Condense (浓缩) the information into key topics, phrases, or questions in the cue column, and briefly summarize your notes at the bottom to provide a brief overview of the material.(2. 简化：将信息浓缩成关键主题、短语或问题写在提示栏，并在底部简要总结笔记，对所学内容进行简要概览。)”可知，记完课堂笔记后应该做的是把要点提取到提示栏并进行总结。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Whether you’re a student striving for academic excellence, a professional keen on making meetings more productive, or someone simply looking to organize thoughts more effectively, this template is your go-to solution.(无论你是追求优异学业的学生、希望提高会议效率的职场人士，还是只是想更有效地整理思路的人，这个模板都是你的首选方案。)”可知，康奈尔笔记模板适用于想要有条理地整理思路的人。故选D项。 B Grandparenting these days is all about technology. I’m not talking about smart devices. We’re pretty good at that. It’s those strollers (婴儿车) and car seats. When our kids were little, life was simple. We had carriages that got pushed around the block. And we used lightweight strollers when we travelled. Now the new strollers come with airline pilot-type instructions, and we need the help of an astronaut to open them. When I told a friend that I was babysitting my grandchildren for a week, she admitted that she had been afraid she’d never get her grandchild out of his car seat. I’ve felt the same. The grandchild even had to show me how to release the seatbelt. This newest generation will never do anything without a seatbelt. My two-year-old granddaughter is able to climb in her stroller and immediately secure the safety belt herself. When my daughter gave me instructions, she told me the four-month-old drinks when he’s thirsty and sleeps when he’s tired. The challenge was the stroller in which I had to place his car seat with him buckled (扣紧) in, while remembering the diaper (尿片) bag, rain cover and sun cover. And that was only when I was taking him on an outing, packing the groceries into the bottom of the stroller. Early morning and late afternoon, the transportation of the day was the double stroller. Each child had to be buckled in and adjusted so that kicking each other was not an option. It wasn’t easy to push the stroller on city streets and get through traffic lights. I felt like a long-distance truck driver, with the arm muscles to match. After a week of it, I was getting pretty good, and had a new appreciation of those mothers who pack the coffee shops. I smiled outside the cafe, but the thought of negotiating the stairs and the lineup with my two-person spaceship had me drinking from a sippy cup outside. 14. What headache in grandparenting does the author face? A. Learning how to use smart devices. B. Operating complicated baby strollers. C. Finding lightweight strollers for long travels. D. Teaching grandchildren to follow instructions. 15. What made the author’s outing challenging according to paragraph 3? A. Managing multiple items all at once. B. Carrying too many groceries back home. C. Feeding the four-month-old baby on time. D. Matching different covers with the stroller. 16. Why does the author mention a long-distance truck driver? A. To describe her daily routine. B. To highlight the extreme physical effort. C. To suggest the heavy traffic on the street. D. To emphasize the difficulty of a driver’s job. 17. What does the last paragraph imply about the author? A. She gained physical strength from the work. B. She regretted taking on the babysitting task. C. She felt confident in handling tough situations. D. She realized the struggles of daily caregivers. 【答案】14. B 15. A 16. B 17. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲的是作者帮忙隔代照看孙辈的经历，感慨如今新式婴儿车和儿童安全座椅操作十分复杂。在带娃外出过程中，她要同时打理婴儿座椅、各种配件、杂物，还要照顾两个孩子，十分耗费体力。一周的经历让她体会到日常照料孩子的家长们的辛苦。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now the new strollers come with airline pilot-type instructions, and we need the help of an astronaut to open them.(可现在新款婴儿推车，附带的说明书复杂得如同飞行员操作手册，想要打开它，简直得请宇航员来帮忙。)”可知，作者在隔代带娃时遇到的烦心事是操作结构复杂的婴儿推车。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The challenge was the stroller in which I had to place his car seat with him buckled (扣紧) in, while remembering the diaper (尿片) bag, rain cover and sun cover. And that was only when I was taking him on an outing, packing the groceries into the bottom of the stroller.(真正的难点在于婴儿推车：我得把扣好安全带的宝宝连同安全座椅一起安置进推车，同时还要记得带上尿片包、防雨罩和遮阳罩。这还只是带宝宝出门，另外还要把采购的杂货塞进推车底部。)”可知，作者出门时不仅要把孩子扣在安全座椅里放进婴儿车，还要记住带尿布袋、防雨罩、防晒罩，同时还要把买的杂货塞进婴儿车底部。这说明出行的挑战在于需要同时管理和携带多件物品。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It wasn’t easy to push the stroller on city streets and get through traffic lights. I felt like a long-distance truck driver, with the arm muscles to match.(在城市街道上推着这辆车、等红绿灯并不轻松。我感觉自己就像一名长途卡车司机，胳膊练出了对应的肌肉力量。)”可知，作者提到长途卡车司机和手臂肌肉，是为了生动地强调推双人婴儿车是一项极大的体力消耗。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“After a week of it, I was getting pretty good, and had a new appreciation of those mothers who pack the coffee shops.(一周下来，我慢慢熟练了，也开始由衷敬佩那些推着孩子出入咖啡店的妈妈们。)”可知，作者通过这一周带孙辈的经历，深刻体会并理解了日常看护者（如每天带孩子的母亲们）的艰辛与不易。 C Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 18. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To show the result of wrong operation. D. To give an example of overconfidence. 19. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It urged students to gain recognition. B. It encouraged students to take exams. C. It helped students to adjust learning methods. D. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. 20. What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5? A. Fully mastered a subject. B. Put great effort into a subject C. Really enjoyed a subject. D. Benefited a lot from a subject. 21. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. 【答案】18. D 19. C 20. A 21. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的研究，通过具体研究案例，来说明智力谦逊如何帮助人们更好地学习和调整学习策略。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第二至第四句“He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. (他发现过度自信非常普遍，尤其是在人们认为某件事情正确时，这种过度自信可能会导致灾难性的决策。1986年，NASA认为每次太空飞行发生损失的风险大约是1/100,000。这种过度自信的信念可能引发了“挑战者号”的爆炸)”可知，作者先介绍了科学家发现过度自信可能导致严重后果，之后提及1986年这起灾难。由此推知，提及“挑战者号”爆炸是说明过度自信会导致灾难的一个例子。故选D项。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. (她发现，智力谦逊的学生更有可能去检验自己是否真正理解了学习材料，并寻找自己理解上的漏洞。当他们看到考试成绩时，他们会调整学习策略，以提高学习表现，并掌握好材料为下一次考试做准备)”可知，智力谦逊这种特质会使学生及时反思自己的学习，相应调整学习方法。故选C项。 【20题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段第二句“Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. (这些学生以为自己对某个科目got down pat，但在考试中被要求解释时，他们发现自己的理解并没有自己想象的那么多)”可知，学生们在考试之前应是对自己比较自信，认为自己对该相关知识十分了解，或已经全会了，但到考场答题时，才发现自己会的不如原本所认为的那么多。由此可知，got a subject down pat应是“对某科目了解很多”或“对某科目完全掌握”之意。故选A项。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. (好消息是，过度自信有一种“疫苗”，科学家称之为“智力谦逊”——即认识到你的信念可能是错误的)”及全文最后一句“If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” (如果你觉得很难质疑一种信念，可以尝试迈出“一小步”)”可知，最后一句中所说的“question a belief”即前文所说的“recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong”，也就是第二段最后一句引号中所言的“智力谦逊”。全文最后一句又说，“可以尝试迈出‘一小步’”。由此推知，所谓的“一小步”究竟该怎么做，会在下文进行介绍，即如何练习做到“智力谦虚”。故选D项。 D The ability to detect a nearby presence without seeing or touching it may sound fantastical — but it’s a real ability that some creatures have. A family of African fish known as Mormyrids are weakly electric, and have special organs that can locate a nearby target, even when it’s hiding in the mud. Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. “We developed a new strategy for 3D motion positioning by electronic skin, bio-inspired by ‘electric fish’,” says Dr. Xinge Yu, an associate professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the City University of Hong Kong. The team described their e-skin sensor in a paper published on November 14 in Nature. The artificial sensor is multi-layered. One layer acts as a transmitter (发射器), which will generate an electric field once activated, and another layer acts as a receiver to detect both the direction and the distance to an object. A separate controller creates the driving signal to activate the transmitter. When an object comes within range, the electric field around the sensor is disrupted (扰乱), which in turn can be detected by the receiver. This data is then processed by a microcontroller unit, which computes the position of the target object and sends that information to a smartphone or other devices. A special biogel (生物凝胶) is used in the sensor, which has the ability to transmit and receive electric signals from a pattern of microchannels on the surface. The end result is a sensor that is thin, soft and flexible, making it cosy to adapt to irregular surfaces, such as the human body. In contrast to the traditional sensor system that needs a large number of sensors to achieve spatial positioning, the new system can locate an object precisely in 3D space using just a few sensors. This significantly reduces the power consumption of data collection, transmission, and processing. The researchers hope that this sensor could one day open up a new range of wearable technologies, including sensors for human-machine interaction and thin, flexible e-skin. 22. The first paragraph aims to show __________. A. the special ability of African fish B. the inspiration for a new invention C. the big challenge of locating objects D. the reason for developing a sensor 23. What is the correct order of the system’s working procedures? a. The transmitter creates an electric field. b. A unit computes the position of the target. c. The controller sends the activating signal. d. The receiver detects the change of electric signals. e. The electric field is disrupted by an approaching object. A. c-a-e-d-b. B. c-a-d-e-b. C. a-c-e-d-b. D. a-e-c-d-b. 24. What is an advantage of the new sensor system? A. Its sensitivity to different stimulations. B. Its adaptation to environmental changes. C. Its efficiency in achieving 3D positioning. D. Its speed in data collection and processing. 25. What is the best title for the text? A. Machine Detective “Wears” Flexible E-skin B. Bio-inspired Sensor “Feels” Without Touching C. E-Skin Sensor: The Future of Machine Learning D. Electric Fields: The Frontier of Object Detection 【答案】22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种仿生传感器，灵感来自一种鱼类，无需触摸即可感知物体的位置。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A family of African fish known as Mormyrids are weakly electric, and have special organs that can locate a nearby target, even when it’s hiding in the mud. Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. (一种被称为电鱼的非洲鱼类是弱电性的，有特殊的器官可以定位附近的目标，即使它躲在泥里。科学家们现在已经开发出一种以这些鱼的能力为模型的人工传感器系统)”可知，第一段主要介绍了一种鱼类，有特殊的器官可以定位附近的目标，受此启发，科学家们开发出一种以这些鱼的能力为模型的人工传感器系统，由此可知，第一段旨在介绍一个新发明的灵感。故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段内容“The artificial sensor is multi-layered. One layer acts as a transmitter (发射器), which will generate an electric field once activated, and another layer acts as a receiver to detect both the direction and the distance to an object. A separate controller creates the driving signal to activate the transmitter. When an object comes within range, the electric field around the sensor is disrupted (扰乱), which in turn can be detected by the receiver. This data is then processed by a microcontroller unit, which computes the position of the target object and sends that information to a smartphone or other devices. (人工传感器是多层的。一层充当发射器，一旦激活就会产生电场，另一层充当接收器，检测物体的方向和距离。一个单独的控制器产生驱动信号来激活发射器。当物体进入范围内时，传感器周围的电场会被扰乱，这反过来又可以被接收器检测到。然后，微控制器单元处理这些数据，计算目标物体的位置，并将该信息发送到智能手机或其他设备)”可知，工作过程是控制器发送激活信号，发射器产生电场，电场被接近的物体扰乱，接收器检测电信号的变化，一个微控制器单元计算目标的位置，结合选项可知，系统工作程序的正确顺序是“c-a-e-d-b”。故选A项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“In contrast to the traditional sensor system that needs a large number of sensors to achieve spatial positioning, the new system can locate an object precisely in 3D space using just a few sensors. This significantly reduces the power consumption of data collection, transmission, and processing. (与需要大量传感器来实现空间定位的传统传感器系统相比，新系统可以使用几个传感器在3D空间中精确定位物体。这大大降低了数据收集、传输和处理的功耗)”可知，新传感器系统在实现3D定位方面的效率更高，大大降低了数据收集、传输和处理的功耗，由此可知，新传感器系统的优点是它在实现3D定位方面的效率更高。故选C项。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“A family of African fish known as Mormyrids are weakly electric, and have special organs that can locate a nearby target, even when it’s hiding in the mud. Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. (一种被称为电鱼的非洲鱼类是弱电性的，有特殊的器官可以定位附近的目标，即使它躲在泥里。科学家们现在已经开发出一种以这些鱼的能力为模型的人工传感器系统)”可知，文章主要介绍了受生物启发开发的一种新型传感器，该传感器能够通过电场感知物体而无需接触，具备灵活、高效的特点。B选项“Bio-inspired Sensor “Feels” Without Touching(受生物启发的传感器“无需接触即可感知”)”准确概括了文章的核心内容。故选B项。 IV．阅读填空（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） As humanoid robots begin to enter warehouses and factories, a critical question arises: do we need special safety rules for them? The answer is yes, and for several important reasons. ____26____ Unlike traditional industrial robots that can be stopped instantly by hitting an emergency button, humanoids are “dynamically stable.” This means they need power to stay upright. If you cut the power, they will likely fall over, potentially causing serious injury to nearby workers. There is the challenge of defining what exactly needs to be regulated. How should we classify a humanoid robot? Does it need legs? Arms? A head? ____27____ This approach would allow safety standards to keep pace with technological innovation without being limited by appearance. Communication between robots and humans presents another concern. If robots are to share space with people, they must be able to signal their intentions clearly. For instance, a robot walking around a corner needs to indicate its direction so that people are not surprised. ____28____ There is a psychological factor to consider. People naturally expect more from robots that look like human. ____29____ Experts recommend that safety standards include emotional safety assessments to prevent confusion or stress. These standards help companies build trust in their products and sell them more easily in different countries, while also giving regulators a clear guide for creating their own rules. ____30____ As Vicentini notes, a practical standard must find a balance between competing interests, and “everybody equally unhappy is good enough,” since aiming for perfect agreement is simply not realistic. A. Humanoid robots pose unique physical risks. B. Without clear dialogues, accidents will happen. C. Interactions between humanoid robots can prevent accidents. D. Many believe that physical features are essential for safety standards. E. People may let their guard down, thinking the robots understand more than they do. F. However, agreeing on global regulations is hard due to different concerns in the field. G. Experts suggest dropping the term “humanoid” and focusing on a robot’s abilities instead. 【答案】26. A 27. G 28. B 29. E 30. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出人形机器人需要专门安全规则，并从物理风险、定义、交流、心理及全球监管等方面阐述原因与建议。 【26题详解】 由上文“The answer is yes, and for several important reasons.(答案是肯定的，并且有几个重要原因。)”及下文“Unlike traditional industrial robots that can be stopped instantly by hitting an emergency button, humanoids are “dynamically stable.” This means they need power to stay upright. If you cut the power, they will likely fall over, potentially causing serious injury to nearby workers.(与按下紧急按钮就能立刻停止的传统工业机器人不同，人形机器人具有“动态稳定性”。这意味着它们需要电力才能保持直立。如果切断电源，它们很可能会摔倒，有可能对附近的工作人员造成严重伤害。)”可知，空格处需总述人形机器人存在独特的人身安全风险。A项“Humanoid robots pose unique physical risks.(人形机器人存在独特的人身风险。)”符合语境，总领全段，与下文危险描述相呼应。故选A项。 【27题详解】 由上文“How should we classify a humanoid robot? Does it need legs? Arms? A head?(我们该如何分类人形机器人？它需要腿、手臂、头吗？)”及下文“This approach would allow safety standards to keep pace with technological innovation without being limited by appearance.(这种方法能让安全标准跟上技术创新，不受外形限制。)”可知，空格处需提出分类建议。G项“Experts suggest dropping the term “humanoid” and focusing on a robot’s abilities instead.(专家建议放弃“人形”一词，转而关注机器人的能力。)”符合语境，该建议与下文“不受外形限制”应。故选G项。 【28题详解】 由上文“Communication between robots and humans presents another concern. If robots are to share space with people, they must be able to signal their intentions clearly. For instance, a robot walking around a corner needs to indicate its direction so that people are not surprised. (机器人与人类之间的交互带来了另一个令人担忧的问题。如果机器人要和人类共处同一空间，它们就必须能够清晰地传递自身意图。例如，一台在拐角处行走的机器人需要表明它的行进方向，以免让人们感到意外。)”可知，空格处需强调清晰交流的重要性。B项“Without clear dialogues, accidents will happen.(没有清晰交流，就会发生事故。)”符合语境，承接上文交流话题，逻辑通顺。故选B项。 【29题详解】 由上文“There is a psychological factor to consider. People naturally expect more from robots that look like human.(需要考虑心理因素。人们自然对看起来像人的机器人期望更高。)”可知，空格处需说明由此产生的问题。E项“People may let their guard down, thinking the robots understand more than they do.(人们可能会放松警惕，认为机器人比实际更懂人。)”符合语境，解释了心理层面的安全隐患。故选E项。 【30题详解】 由上文“These standards help companies build trust in their products and sell them more easily in different countries, while also giving regulators a clear guide for creating their own rules.(这些标准有助于企业建立对其产品的信任，并更轻松地在不同国家销售产品，同时也为监管机构制定自身规则提供了明确的指导。)”及下文“As Vicentini notes, a practical standard must find a balance between competing interests, and “everybody equally unhappy is good enough, ” since aiming for perfect agreement is simply not realistic.(正如维森蒂尼所指出的，一项实用的标准必须在相互冲突的利益之间找到平衡，而且“让每个人都同样不满意就足够好了”，因为追求完美的共识根本不现实。)”可知，空格处需指出达成全球统一规则的困难。F项“However, agreeing on global regulations is hard due to different concerns in the field.(然而，因领域内不同考量，达成全球监管共识很难。)”符合语境，承上启下，引出后文现实困境。故选F项。 V．完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） My parents live in the foothills of Santa Barbara, California. They’d been talking about wanting to install a ____31____ trap, merely to see what sorts of animals were wandering nearby. Last year, I received an e-mail from my dad, under a subject line: “Secret creature?” There was no body text, but attached was a(n)____32____, just 10 seconds, shot in the night vision. It showed a tiny creature, ___33___ down a driveway. Midway along its path, the animal paused, twisted its body slightly, and then vanished into the ____34____. Watching it again, I still failed to ____35____ it, though the driveway struck me as oddly ____36____. It was my childhood home. I guess my parents had finally ____37____ the camera in our backyard. Soon, more e-mails came in. By the end of this February, my father had ____38____ a pair of rabbits, plus more foxes. He had also ____39____ the case of the secret creature in last year’s clip. It was a raccoon (浣熊) that became _____40_____ because it lost its tail. “Can you believe it?” my father _____41_____ a thrilled laugh on the phone — he was just overjoyed about his remarkable _____42_____. For me, the pleasure was that this “trap” has turned our familiar backyard into a place full of _____43_____. In some sense, it serves as a _____44_____: even in the places we think we know best, there’s always more to explore and _____45_____ about. 31. A. animal B. sensor C. man D. camera 32. A. photo B. message C. video D. advertisement 33. A. dancing B. breaking C. turning D. charging 34. A. mist B. darkness C. cold D. noise 35. A. make B. analyze C. identify D. examine 36. A. realistic B. primitive C. familiar D. strange 37. A. kept B. secured C. left D. removed 38. A. hunted B. located C. tracked D. missed 39. A. heard B. solved C. carried D. marked 40. A. unrecognizable B. unpredictable C. unbelievable D. unacceptable 41. A. left out B. gave out C. broke out D. let out 42. A. discovery B. expectation C. proof D. assumption 43. A. energy B. history C. opportunities D. secrets 44. A. lesson B. reminder C. challenge D. choice 45. A. wonder B. worry C. complain D. dream 【答案】31. D 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. D 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 【解析】 【导语】本文以父母在后院架设相机陷阱记录野生动物为线索，讲述父亲通过相机拍到神秘小动物，最终揭开神秘生物的真相。这件事提醒我们，即便是最熟悉的地方，也仍有事物等待我们探索和好奇。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们一直想安装一个相机捕捉器，只是想看看有哪些动物在附近游荡。A. animal动物；B. sensor传感器；C. man人；D. camera相机。根据下文“I guess my parents had finally the camera in our backyard.”可知，父母打算安装相机捕捉野生动物。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：邮件没有正文，但是附带了一段只有十秒、夜视拍摄的视频。A. photo照片；B. message信息；C. video视频；D. advertisement广告。根据下文“just 10 seconds, shot in the night vision”可知，时长十秒的夜视素材是视频。 【33题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：视频里有一只小小的动物，沿着车道猛冲下来。A. dancing跳舞；B. breaking打破；C. turning转弯；D. charging猛冲。根据下文“down a driveway. Midway along its path, the animal paused”可知，小动物沿着车道猛冲，中途停下。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：在行进途中，这只动物停下，轻轻扭动身体，然后消失在黑暗之中。A. mist薄雾；B. darkness黑暗；C. cold寒冷；D. noise噪音。根据上文“shot in the night vision”可知是夜间拍摄，动物消失在黑暗里。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：我反复观看视频，依旧无法辨认它是什么动物，但是这条车道给我一种莫名熟悉的感觉。A. make制作；B. analyze分析；C. identify辨认；D. examine检查。根据上文“Secret creature?”可知，作者看不出这是什么生物，无法辨认。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我反复观看视频，依旧无法辨认它是什么动物，但是这条车道给我一种莫名熟悉的感觉。A. realistic现实的；B. primitive原始的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“It was my childhood home.”以及“familiar backyard”可知，这是儿时的家，车道让作者感到熟悉。 【37题详解】 考查动词。句意：我猜想父母终于在后院装好相机了。A. kept保留；B. secured安装、固定；C. left留下；D. removed移除。根据上文“They’d been talking about wanting to install a trap”可知，父母想要安装相机陷阱，此处指把相机固定安装在后院。 【38题详解】 考查动词。句意：到今年二月底，父亲追踪到一对兔子，还有好几只狐狸。A. hunted捕猎；B. located定位；C. tracked追踪；D. missed错过。根据上文“My parents live in the foothills of Santa Barbara, California. They’d been talking about wanting to install a trap”可知，相机陷阱持续记录动物，父亲持续追踪到多种野生动物。 【39题详解】 考查动词。句意：他也解开了去年视频里神秘生物的谜团。A. heard听见；B. solved解决；C. carried携带；D. marked标记。根据下文“It was a raccoon (浣熊) that became because it lost its tail.”可知，后文揭晓这个生物是一只失去尾巴的浣熊，谜团被解开。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那是一只浣熊，因为失去尾巴，让人认不出来。A. unrecognizable难以辨认的；B. unpredictable不可预测的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. unacceptable无法接受的。根据上文“Watching it again, I still failed to it”可知，作者没能认出这个生物，原因就是浣熊没有尾巴，难以辨认。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：父亲在电话里发出激动的笑声——他为自己这个了不起的发现欣喜不已。A. left out遗漏；B. gave out分发；C. broke out爆发；D. let out发出（声音）。根据下文“a thrilled laugh on the phone — he was just overjoyed”可知，父亲十分激动，在电话中发出兴奋的笑声。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：父亲在电话里发出激动的笑声——他为自己这个了不起的发现欣喜不已。A. discovery发现；B. expectation期待；C. proof证据；D. assumption猜想。根据上文“He had also the case of the secret creature in last year’s clip.”可知，父亲解开神秘生物之谜，这是一次有趣的发现。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：对我来说，乐趣在于这个 “捕捉器” 把熟悉的后院变成了充满秘密的地方。A. energy能量；B. history历史；C. opportunities机会；D. secrets秘密。根据上文“There was no body text, but attached was a(n) , just 10 seconds, shot in the night vision.”可知，后院有等待揭秘的神秘生物，藏着很多不为人知小动物，充满秘密。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：在某种意义上，它可以作为一个提醒：即便在我们自以为最熟悉的地方，依然有很多事物等待探索：即便在我们自以为最熟悉的地方，依然有很多事物等待我们去探索和好奇。A. lesson课程；B. reminder提醒；C. challenge挑战；D. choice选择。根据下文“even in the places we think we know best, there’s always more to explore and about.”可知，后文是这件事带给我们的提醒。 【45题详解】 考查动词。句意：在某种意义上，它可以作为一个提醒：即便在我们自以为最熟悉的地方，依然有很多事物等待探索：即便在我们自以为最熟悉的地方，依然有很多事物等待我们去探索和好奇。A. wonder想知道；B. worry担忧；C. complain抱怨；D. dream梦想。根据上文“even in the places we think we know best, there’s always more to explore”可知，我们探索未知事物，并为之感到好奇。 VI．语法填空（共10空，每空1分） 语法填空 In mid-June, Generation Z volunteers from China, France and Spain gathered at Xifang Temple in Pingyao, Shanxi Province, for a special workshop ____46____ (mean) to promote the protection of architectural heritage. The 10-day workshop opened ____47____ a tea-offering ceremony to show respect for local master craftsmen. Most volunteers ____48____ (hold) university degrees, and the workshop offered them ____49____ (practice) skills they could never learn in classrooms. Guided by local craftsmen, volunteers fell into groups. They cleared weeds around old courtyard walls, repaired broken gate frames with traditional patterns, ____50____ smoothed worn wood carvings. Language barriers never stopped their cooperation. They relied on simple Chinese and English, hand signals and rough drawings ____51____ (communicate), exchanging ideas to balance historical preservation and modern comfort. When the workshop ended, the ancient gate stood ____52____ (shine) brightly again. The workshop built a gentle cultural bridge, enabling young ____53____ (mind) from diverse cultures to understand each other. Lucas, a 21-year-old student from Paris, hoped more such international youth workshops would be launched, so more global youngsters could join in the protection of heritage. ____54____ ancient villages stand for is Chinese people’s long-lasting attachment to hometowns. Now, with joint efforts of Chinese and foreign young volunteers, these rural landscapes regain vitality, proving cultural heritage protection is ____55____ shared mission for all mankind. 【答案】46. meant 47. with 48. held 49. practical 50. and 51. to communicate 52. shining 53. minds 54. What 55. a 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了来自中国、法国、西班牙的Z世代青年志愿者齐聚山西平遥西坊寺庙，开展为期十天的建筑遗产保护专题研习营活动，介绍活动内容、青年志愿者的实践成果以及本次活动搭建文化桥梁的意义。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：6月中旬，来自中国、法国和西班牙的Z世代志愿者齐聚山西平遥西坊寺庙，参加一场旨在推广建筑遗产保护的特别研习营。名词workshop和mean之间是被动关系，be meant to do表示“旨在，目的是”，此处作后置定语，省略be动词，用过去分词meant。 【47题详解】 考查介词。句意：这场为期十天的研习营以奉茶仪式拉开帷幕，以此向当地工匠大师表达敬意。固定搭配open with…表示“以……开启”。 【48题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：大部分志愿者拥有大学学位，研习营为他们提供了在课堂上学不到的实用技能。描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，hold的过去式为held。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。空格修饰名词skills，需要形容词，practice的形容词形式practical表示“实用的，实践的”。 【50题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们清除古老院墙周边的杂草，修复带有传统纹样破损的门框，并打磨磨损的木雕。cleared、repaired、smoothed是三个并列的谓语动词，用并列连词and连接。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们依靠简单的中英双语、手势和粗略的草图来沟通，交换想法，平衡历史保护与现代舒适度。固定搭配rely on sth. to do sth.表示“依靠某物去做某事”，不定式to communicate作目的状语。 【52题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：研习营结束时，古老的大门再次熠熠生辉。the ancient gate和shine之间是主动关系，用现在分词shining作状语。 【53题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这场研习营搭建起一座温和的文化桥梁，让来自不同文化背景的年轻思想能够互相理解。mind此处表示“想法，思想”，是可数名词，前面没有冠词，且指多个年轻人的思想，用复数形式minds。 【54题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：古村落所代表的，是中国人长久以来的乡土眷恋。空格引导主语从句，从句中stand for缺少宾语，用连接代词what指代“……的事物”，置于句首首字母大写。 【55题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如今，在中外青年志愿者的共同努力下，这些乡村景观重获生机，证明文化遗产保护是全人类一项共同的使命。mission是可数名词单数，shared以辅音音素开头，表示泛指“一项”，用不定冠词a。 VII．单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。请根据释义、首字母或提示词，用选必二Unit 1以及Unit 5所学单词的适当形式填空） 56. Frequent i________ (a time when an activity is stopped) from mobile phones will greatly affect the efficiency of class learning.（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】interruptions##nterruptions 【解析】 【详解】句意：手机带来的频繁干扰会极大地影响课堂学习效率。英文释义a time when an activity is stopped表示活动被打断的时刻、中断干扰，首字母i对应名词interruption；形容词Frequent(频繁的)后接可数名词复数形式作主语。 57. The small company made a s________ (large in amount, value or importance) profit from selling maps and travel guides to visitors from all over the world. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】substantial##ubstantial 【解析】 【详解】句意：这家小公司通过向来自世界各地的游客售卖地图和旅行指南赚取了丰厚的利润。英文释义large in amount, value or importance表示：大量的、重大的，首字母s对应形容词substantial，修饰名词profit。 58. His public speech about cutting our carbon footprint is c________ (opposite or inconsistent) to his daily behavior of wasting electricity and water. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】contrary##ontrary 【解析】 【详解】句意：他那篇关于减少碳足迹的公开演讲，与他浪费水电的日常行为相悖。英文释义opposite or inconsistent表示：相反的、不一致的，首字母c对应形容词contrary，放在is后，作表语。 59. His argument about the causes of the war was based on s________ (that you can rely on; having a strong basis) evidence from historical records and eyewitness accounts. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】solid##olid 【解析】 【详解】句意：他关于战争起因的论点建立在史料记载和目击者证词提供的可靠证据之上。英文释义that you can rely on; having a strong basis表示可靠的、有坚实依据的，首字母s对应形容词solid，修饰名词evidence。 60. After working for hours under the hot sun without drinking any water, the young volunteer suddenly c________ (to fall down because you are very ill) before he could finish recording the local villagers’ stories. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】collapsed##ollapsed 【解析】 【详解】句意：在烈日下工作数小时没有喝水，这名年轻志愿者还没完成记录当地村民故事的工作就突然倒下了。英文释义to fall down because you are very ill表示（因重病）倒下、昏倒，首字母c对应动词collapse；这件事发生在过去，谓语动词使用过去式collapsed。 61. The local government has introduced new policies to improve the w________ (the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group) of low-income families in urban areas. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】welfare##elfare 【解析】 【详解】句意：当地政府出台了新政策，以改善城市地区低收入家庭的福祉。根据英文释义“the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group(一个人、一只动物或一个群体的总体健康、幸福与安全)”以及首字母提示w可知，空处应填名词welfare“福祉、福利”，作动词improve的宾语，为不可数名词。 62. Good note-taking t________ (a way of conducting a particular task) help students remember what they read and organize their ideas more clearly before an exam. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】techniques##echniques 【解析】 【详解】句意：良好的记笔记技巧有助于学生记住阅读内容，并在考试前更清晰地梳理思路。英文释义a way of conducting a particular task表示做某项任务的方法、技巧，首字母t对应名词technique；句中谓语help为原形，主语要用复数形式techniques。 63. Digital technology has t________ (to completely change sth. or sb., especially in a way that improves it) the way people communicate and get information in daily life. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】transformed##ransformed 【解析】 【详解】句意：数字技术彻底改变了人们在日常生活中交流和获取信息的方式。英文释义to completely change sth. or sb., especially in a way that improves it表示使彻底改观、变革，首字母t对应动词transform；句中has提示为现在完成时，使用过去分词transformed。 64. Stepping up to me, Mom threw her arms open, w________ (to cover something completely) me in a warm hug that drove away all my anxiety and fear. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】wrapping##rapping 【解析】 【详解】 句意：妈妈走向我，张开双臂，用一个温暖的拥抱将我紧紧裹住，驱散了我所有的焦虑和恐惧。 括号释义：to cover something completely（完全包裹住），首字母w。wrap v. 包裹；环绕。 前面已有谓语threw，空处为非谓语动词，wrap与Mom为主动关系，此处用现在分词作伴随状语。 65. After staying up late for several nights, the youngster had ________ (swell) eyes and could hardly focus on the screen. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】swollen 【解析】 【详解】句意：连续几个晚上熬夜后，这个年轻人的眼睛肿了，几乎无法聚焦在屏幕上。空处修饰名词eyes，应用形容词形式作定语。动词swell的形容词形式是swollen，表示“肿胀的”。 66. The frequent network fraud incidents remind the public of the ________ (urgent) of strengthening awareness of information security. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】urgency 【解析】 【详解】句意：频发的网络诈骗事件提醒公众增强信息安全意识的紧迫性。 定冠词the后面需要接名词，括号内urgent是形容词，意为“紧急的”，它的名词形式是urgency，表示“紧迫性”。 作宾语。 67. My ________ (subscribe) to the science magazine expires next month, so I need to decide whether to renew it or not. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】subscription 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的这本科学杂志的订阅下个月到期，所以我需要决定是否续订。空处作主语，且由形容词性物主代词My修饰，应用名词形式。subscribe的名词形式是subscription，表示“订阅”。 68. The school took immediate measures to prevent the spread of the ________ (infect) flu among students. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】infectious 【解析】 【详解】句意：学校立即采取措施防止这种传染性流感在学生间传播。名词flu前面需要形容词作定语，动词infect对应形容词infectious。 69. There is no ________ (justify) for discriminating against people because of their background. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】justification 【解析】 【详解】句意：没有任何理由可以因人们的背景而歧视他们。形容词no后面需要接名词作主语，动词justify对应的名词为justification，不可数。 70. The book is too ________ (theory) for beginners who want to solve real problems, so the teacher recommended another guide. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】theoretical 【解析】 【详解】句意：这本书理论性太强，不适合想要解决实际问题的初学者，所以老师推荐了另一本指南。系动词is后接形容词作表语，名词theory对应的形容词为theoretical。 VIII．完成句子（共10题；每题1分，满分10分。用选必二Unit 1以及Unit 5所学词组填空） 71. 许多青少年已然沦为网游成瘾的受害者，仅仅一个学期，成绩便大幅下滑。 Many teenagers ________________ online game addiction, which has dragged their grades down sharply within a single semester. 【答案】have fallen victim to 【解析】 【详解】fall victim to sth为固定搭配，意为“沦为……的受害者”，主语many teenagers是复数；中文“已然”表示动作已经发生并对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，fall的过去分词是fallen，所以是have fallen victim to。 72. 小男孩在回家路上从自行车上滑下来后， 一位路人扶他站了起来。 The little boy ________ by a passer-by after he slipped off his bike on the way home. 【答案】was helped up 【解析】 【详解】表示“被扶起来”可用be helped up，由语境可知陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The little boy为第三人称单数，因此be动词用was。 73. 当室内跳伞风洞毫无预警地吹出一股强气流时，一些初次体验者惊恐地尖叫。 When the indoor skydiving wind tunnel suddenly blew a strong gust without any warning, some first-time flyers ________. 【答案】screamed in terror 【解析】 【详解】表示“惊恐地”，可用介词短语in terror作方式状语。表示“尖叫”用动词scream，主句时态要和从句的过去式blew保持一致，scream使用过去式screamed。 74. 这项起源可追溯到唐朝的传统工艺，如今正走进当地中学课堂，以传承这一文化遗产。 This traditional craft, whose origins can ________ the Tang Dynasty, is now being taught in local middle schools to pass on the cultural heritage. 【答案】date back to/date from 【解析】 【详解】中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“追溯到”，可用动词短语date back to或date from，情态动词can后接动词原形。 75. 这支队伍正尝试全新的战术，孤注一掷想要赢下总决赛。 The team is trying a completely new strategy ________ win the final match. 【答案】in a desperate attempt to 【解析】 【详解】表示“孤注一掷做某事”可用in a desperate attempt to do sth，在句中作目的状语。 76. 护士解释了智能手环如何工作后，老年患者很快感到放松。 The elderly patient soon ________________ after the nurse told him how the smart wristband worked. 【答案】felt relaxed 【解析】 【详解】本句缺少主句的谓语部分，“感到放松”可用系表结构feel relaxed表示；从句中told为一般过去时，主从句时态保持一致，谓语动词要用过去式，feel的过去式是felt。 77. 听到窗外传来奇怪的声音，她好奇地望向院子，想知道那里发生了什么。 As she heard a strange noise outside the window, she ________________ the yard, wondering what was happening there. 【答案】looked curiously at 【解析】 【详解】表示“望向”应用动词短语look at，结合heard可知，使用一般过去时；表示“好奇地”应用curiously。 78. 我们必须彻底解决这个长期存在的问题，避免它再次影响项目进度。 We have to solve this long-standing problem ________________________ to prevent it from affecting the project progress again. 【答案】once and for all 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句子和句意，空处应表示“彻底地”，固定短语once and for all表示“彻底地”，作状语修饰动词solve，符合句子和句意。故填once and for all。 79. 黄旭华毕生投身于中国核潜艇的研发事业，赢得了“中国核潜艇之父”的称号。 Huang Xuhua has devoted all his life to the development of China’s nuclear submarines and ________________ the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 【答案】won the title of 【解析】 【详解】表示 “赢得”可用动词win，and连接并列谓语，前面has devoted为现在完成时，此处需要使用win的过去分词won；表示“……的称号”为the title of。 80. 王虹攻克抽象数学难题的不懈努力，激励无数青少年坚守科学梦想。 Wang Hong’s ________ to tackle abstract mathematical puzzles inspire numerous teenagers to stick to their scientific dreams. 【答案】persistent efforts 【解析】 【详解】表示“不懈的努力”可用persistent effort，在句中作主语，由谓语动词inspire为原形可知主语为复数，因此effort用复数形式efforts。 IX．背诵段落填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 段落填空 Born in 1911, Qian overcame challenges to pursue aviation, realizing the need to develop China’s own air force for national defence. ________81________ is his patriotism and scientific spirit. After finishing his graduate studies in the US, he ________82________ to fight for his right to return home and finally took charge of China’s space and missile programs. Despite poor domestic conditions, Qian ________83________ and proved that Chinese people could independently develop missiles. He finally led major ________84________, including the Dongfeng missiles and the Dong Fang Hong satellite. It is Qian’s unwavering patriotism and ________85________ that will never stop inspiring the young generation. Thank you! 【答案】81. What impresses us most 82. struggled bitterly 83. pressed ahead 84. scientific projects 85. rigorous scientific spirit 【解析】 【导语】本文改编自人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册Unit 1。文章介绍钱学森的求学经历、归国斗争，以及他克服艰苦条件带领团队研制导弹、卫星的事迹，赞扬他的爱国情怀与科学精神。 【81题详解】 考查主语从句、时态。句意：最令我们印象深刻的是他的爱国情怀与科学精神。根据句意可知，他的爱国情怀与科学精神是最令我们印象深刻的东西。空格在句首引导主语从句，“使……印象深刻”用动词impress表示，陈述客观情况，用一般现在时。从句内部缺少主语，表达“……的事物”，使用连接代词what引导从句，构成主语从句What impresses us most。 【82题详解】 考查动词和副词、时态。句意：在美国完成研究生学业后，他苦苦抗争，争取归国的权利，最终主管中国航天与导弹项目。根据句意可知，他苦苦抗争才争取到归国的权利。“抗争”用动词struggle表示，文章讲述钱学森过去的经历，时态为一般过去时。struggled bitterly表示“苦苦抗争”。 【83题详解】 考查动词短语、时态。句意：尽管国内条件艰苦，钱学森迎难而上，证明中国人可以独立研制导弹。根据句意可知，钱学森不畏艰苦，迎难而上。连词and连接并列谓语，后面proved为一般过去时，本空同样使用一般过去时，pressed ahead意为“坚持推进、迎难而上”。 【84题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：他最终主导多项重大科研项目，包括东风导弹和东方红卫星。根据句意可知，东风导弹和东方红卫星都是科研项目，形容词major后面修饰名词，scientific projects意为“科研项目”。 【85题详解】 考查名词短语、形容词。句意：正是钱学森坚定不移的爱国情怀与严谨的科学精神，不断激励年轻一代。根据句意可知，钱学森坚定不移的爱国情怀与严谨的科学精神能够激励年轻一代。and前后并列名词短语，rigorous表示“严谨的”，scientific spirit表示“科学精神”。 X．书面表达（共20分） 86. 假定你是李华，在外教组织的认识校园生物多样性的活动中，你所在的小组负责研究校园鸟类，并制作了“The Campus Bird Handbook”。请你代表小组在口语课上作分享，内容包括： 1．研究过程； 2．手册内容。 注意： 1．词数约120-150； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear teachers and classmates, I’m Li Hua. On behalf of our group, I’d like to share our project about campus birds, which aims to help us better understand local biodiversity around our school. To finish the task, we spent several weeks observing birds in different areas of our campus, taking photos and recording their living habits. We also searched for reliable information to identify different species. After repeated discussion and careful selection, we sorted out all the collected materials patiently. Finally, we created The Campus Bird Handbook. It contains clear photos of local birds, brief introductions to their features and habits, as well as simple tips on how to watch birds without disturbing them. This handbook records nearly all common bird species on our campus. We hope this handbook can inspire more of you to notice and protect the lovely wildlife around us. Thank you! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生代表小组在口语课分享校园鸟类研究项目，详细介绍项目研究过程和自制手册的主要内容。 【详解】1.词汇积累 代表：on behalf of→representing 可靠的：reliable→trustworthy 识别：identify→recognize 打扰：disturb→bother 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：To finish the task, we spent several weeks observing birds in different areas of our campus, taking photos and recording their living habits. 拓展句：To finish the task, we devoted weeks to observing birds in different areas of our campus, with photos taken and their living habits recorded. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To finish the task, we spent several weeks observing birds in different areas of our campus, taking photos and recording their living habits.（运用不定式作目的状语，并列现在分词作伴随状语） 【高分句型2】It contains clear photos of local birds, brief introductions to their features and habits, as well as simple tips on how to watch birds without disturbing them.（运用“疑问词+不定式”结构作介词宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 广州市第二中学2026学年第一学期月考（一） 高二英语 命题：高二英语备课组 2026年10月8日 本试卷共10页，共10大题。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 Ⅰ．听力（共两节，满分15分） 第一节 听力理解（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面对话，各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。录音读两遍。 听第一段对话，回答第1 — 3题。 1. Where did the man get the idea for his invention? A. From a TV program. B. From a science book. C. From an experiment. 2. Where do the speakers probably live? A. In Sweden. B. In France. C. In Britain. 3. How many pieces of litter did the man collect on the second day? A. 12. B. 37. C. 49. 听第二段独白，回答第4 — 6题。 4. Which isn’t included in the Nobel Prizes? A. The Peace Prize. B. The Literature Prize. C. The Maths Prize. 5. When did Alfred Nobel die? A. In 1896. B. In1901. C. In 1906. 6. What made Nobel become rich? A. His position. B. His invention. C. His family. 听第三段对话，回答第7 — 10题。 7. What does the speaker say about first-aid boxes on the market? A. They are too costly. B. They are not practical. C. They are of poor quality. 8. When is a lightweight first-aid box especially important? A. Going traveling. B. Being ill at home. C. Shopping at the market. 9. What should be considered when preparing the basic medicine? A. The duration of the trip. B. The design of the box. C. The size of the family. 10. What does the speaker advise us to do? A. Store as much medicine as possible. B. Take a first-aid box along any time. C. Create a personalized first-aid box. 第二节 听取信息（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为11 — 15的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间。录音读两遍。你将有60秒钟的作答时间。 Science in the Future Computer Science ● The invention of computers is as momentous a development as when our predecessors (祖先) learned how to make and use 11 for all sorts of purposes. ● Computer will be seen as being intelligent. Psychology ● Psychological research will become increasingly 12 . ● Imaging devices will give information about the behaviour of the 13 . Genetics ● With increased life expectancy, it is important for the elderly to take 14 of life into account. ● Knowledge of a person’s DNA will indicate whether they are likely to suffer from any 15 . ● New treatments will be developed and the current one-size-fits-all approach will give way to a more personal approach. II．单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. It is the man ________ stealing the money who ________ for the whole incident. A. suspected of; is to blame B. suspected of; is to be blamed C. having suspected of; is to blame D. being suspected of; is to be blamed 2. Who will you ________ this matter properly? A. have handled B. have handle C. have to handle D. have handling 3. ________ at the conflicting evidence, the researcher kept trying to find the truth ________ the event was caused by human activity rather than natural factors. A. Frustrating; which B. Frustrated; that C. Being frustrated; that D. Having frustrated; which 4. ________, so many famous directors subscribed to his creative idea for the movie. A. He performed well in his first film B. Having performed well in his first film C. Because he performed well in his first film D His performance in the first film impressing the director 5. Just remember it is completely normal to deal with ________ family conflicts bring and ________ you and your family members can make joint efforts to fix your bond. A. which; what B. that; what C. that; that D. what; that 6. ________ is indicated in the report, we cannot ignore the evidence ________ environmental changes with what local people have experienced over the years. A. As; linked B. It; linked C. As; linking D. What; linking 7. The ________ look on the new manager’s face suggested that he was not fully prepared to be ________ the whole team. A. confusing; in charge of B. confused; in the charge of C. confused; in charge of D. confusing; in the charge of 8. The exciting moment ________ Gerry will always remember is ________ he approaches the Harbor Bridge and the Opera House. A. which; what B. that; what C. what; when D. that; when 9. ________ with solid professional knowledge and strong determination, Fan Jinshi spent her whole life ________ the precious cultural treasures in the Mogao Caves. A. Equipping; in memory of B. Equipped; in defence of C. Equipped; in view of D. Being equipped; in honor of 10. ________ is an urgent need to arrange more medical workers to work on night ________ so that the hospital can offer patients round-the-clock medical care. A. There; shifts B. It; shifts C. There; charges D. It; charges III．阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A The Cornell Note-Taking System: A Guide to Effective Learning The Cornell note-taking system, developed by Dr. Walter Pauk at Cornell University in the 1950s, is a widely recommended method to help students structure their notes using a systematic format that enhances understanding and thought organization. It divides a standard page into three distinct sections, each with a specific purpose, as shown in the diagram below. The method is best executed (执行) through the 5R strategy — a strategy that optimizes notes and enhances memory. 1. Record: Write down relevant information in the main note-taking area. Focus on the main ideas with clear explanations and examples that reinforce your understanding of the topic. 2. Reduce: Condense (浓缩) the information into key topics, phrases, or questions in the cue column, and briefly summarize your notes at the bottom to provide a brief overview of the material. 3. Recite: Cover the note-taking area and attempt to recite the information aloud. Check your answers and make revisions to both sections as necessary. 4. Reflect: Think about the significance of what you’ve learned and how it connects to your existing knowledge. You may consider the practical applications of the new material, further questions to explore, or how everything fits into the bigger picture. 5. Review: Regularly revisit your notes, using the cues to activate your active recall, which reinforces your understanding and improves long-term memory. Ready to transform the way you take notes and maintain information? The Cornell note-taking template(模板) is waiting for you. Whether you’re a student striving for academic excellence, a professional keen on making meetings more productive, or someone simply looking to organize thoughts more effectively, this template is your go-to solution. Start your journey towards clearer, more effective note-taking today! 11. What do Cue Column and Summary Column have in common? A. Focus on main ideas. B. Be filled in during class. C. Record detailed lecture content. D. Serve as decorative areas. 12. What should you do right after taking down lecture notes? A. Go over notes regularly to strengthen memory. B. Cover your notes and start reciting immediately. C. Extract key points to the cue column and summarize. D. Think about how the new knowledge applies to your life. 13. Who is the Cornell note-taking template intended for? A. Cornell University Students only. B. Academics working on research papers. C. Researchers exploring learning methods. D. Individuals seeking to structure their ideas. B Grandparenting these days is all about technology. I’m not talking about smart devices. We’re pretty good at that. It’s those strollers (婴儿车) and car seats. When our kids were little, life was simple. We had carriages that got pushed around the block. And we used lightweight strollers when we travelled. Now the new strollers come with airline pilot-type instructions, and we need the help of an astronaut to open them. When I told a friend that I was babysitting my grandchildren for a week, she admitted that she had been afraid she’d never get her grandchild out of his car seat. I’ve felt the same. The grandchild even had to show me how to release the seatbelt. This newest generation will never do anything without a seatbelt. My two-year-old granddaughter is able to climb in her stroller and immediately secure the safety belt herself. When my daughter gave me instructions, she told me the four-month-old drinks when he’s thirsty and sleeps when he’s tired. The challenge was the stroller in which I had to place his car seat with him buckled (扣紧) in, while remembering the diaper (尿片) bag, rain cover and sun cover. And that was only when I was taking him on an outing, packing the groceries into the bottom of the stroller. Early morning and late afternoon, the transportation of the day was the double stroller. Each child had to be buckled in and adjusted so that kicking each other was not an option. It wasn’t easy to push the stroller on city streets and get through traffic lights. I felt like a long-distance truck driver, with the arm muscles to match. After a week of it, I was getting pretty good, and had a new appreciation of those mothers who pack the coffee shops. I smiled outside the cafe, but the thought of negotiating the stairs and the lineup with my two-person spaceship had me drinking from a sippy cup outside. 14. What headache in grandparenting does the author face? A. Learning how to use smart devices. B. Operating complicated baby strollers. C. Finding lightweight strollers for long travels. D. Teaching grandchildren to follow instructions. 15. What made the author’s outing challenging according to paragraph 3? A. Managing multiple items all at once. B. Carrying too many groceries back home. C. Feeding the four-month-old baby on time. D. Matching different covers with the stroller. 16. Why does the author mention a long-distance truck driver? A. To describe her daily routine. B. To highlight the extreme physical effort. C. To suggest the heavy traffic on the street. D. To emphasize the difficulty of a driver’s job. 17. What does the last paragraph imply about the author? A. She gained physical strength from the work. B. She regretted taking on the babysitting task. C. She felt confident in handling tough situations. D. She realized the struggles of daily caregivers. C Self-confidence is trusting in our abilities or qualities. It’s usually seen as a good thing. But is it possible that we might benefit from a little less confidence in our beliefs? For many years, Dr. Mark Leary, a neuroscientist at Duke University in Durham, N.C. , has studied the role of people’s beliefs in their behavior. He found overconfidence is very common, especially when it comes to what people believe to be true, and can lead us to disastrous decisions. In 1986, NASA believed that the risk of loss for any space flight was roughly 1 in 100,000. It was an overconfident belief and might have led to the explosion of the Challenger. The good news is that there’s a “vaccine (疫苗)” for overconfidence, and that’s what scientists call “intellectual humility”— recognizing that your beliefs could be wrong. A survey of 144 college students to measure their intellectual humility found that students who saw their thinking could be wrong tended to be more curious and more likely to seek out new knowledge. They ended up knowing more at the end of the day. But does it actually help you beyond that? To find out more, Dr. Tenelle Porter at Ball State University conducted a series of studies with high school students. She found that students with intellectual humility were much more likely to test themselves to see whether they really understood the material and seek out potential holes in their understanding. When they got test scores, they’d change their study strategics to improve their performance and master the material for the next test. Students who didn’t see their knowledge could be wrong might instead just sail through their studying and wouldn’t stop to ask themselves if they truly understood what they read, heard, or did. Such students thought they got a subject down pat, but when asked to explain it on a test, they found they didn’t actually understand as much as they had thought. Although it might be good for you, researchers recognize that questioning your beliefs can be truly hard. Still, it’s important to remember that questioning beliefs isn’t always about replacing old ones with new ones. If you find it hard to question a belief, try taking “baby steps.” 18. Why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger? A. To express his sorrow for the loss. B. To stress the high risk of space flights. C. To show the result of wrong operation. D. To give an example of overconfidence. 19. What do we know about intellectual humility according to Porter’s research? A. It urged students to gain recognition. B. It encouraged students to take exams. C. It helped students to adjust learning methods. D. It motivated students to memorize knowledge. 20. What do the underlined words “got a subject down pat” mean in paragraph 5? A. Fully mastered a subject. B. Put great effort into a subject C. Really enjoyed a subject. D. Benefited a lot from a subject. 21. What will probably be discussed in the following paragraphs? A. Why questioning our belief is hard. B. Why intellectual humility is helpful. C. How to become a confident person. D. How to practice intellectual humility. D The ability to detect a nearby presence without seeing or touching it may sound fantastical — but it’s a real ability that some creatures have. A family of African fish known as Mormyrids are weakly electric, and have special organs that can locate a nearby target, even when it’s hiding in the mud. Scientists have now developed an artificial sensor system modelled on the ability of these fish. “We developed a new strategy for 3D motion positioning by electronic skin, bio-inspired by ‘electric fish’,” says Dr. Xinge Yu, an associate professor in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at the City University of Hong Kong. The team described their e-skin sensor in a paper published on November 14 in Nature. The artificial sensor is multi-layered. One layer acts as a transmitter (发射器), which will generate an electric field once activated, and another layer acts as a receiver to detect both the direction and the distance to an object. A separate controller creates the driving signal to activate the transmitter. When an object comes within range, the electric field around the sensor is disrupted (扰乱), which in turn can be detected by the receiver. This data is then processed by a microcontroller unit, which computes the position of the target object and sends that information to a smartphone or other devices. A special biogel (生物凝胶) is used in the sensor, which has the ability to transmit and receive electric signals from a pattern of microchannels on the surface. The end result is a sensor that is thin, soft and flexible, making it cosy to adapt to irregular surfaces, such as the human body. In contrast to the traditional sensor system that needs a large number of sensors to achieve spatial positioning, the new system can locate an object precisely in 3D space using just a few sensors. This significantly reduces the power consumption of data collection, transmission, and processing. The researchers hope that this sensor could one day open up a new range of wearable technologies, including sensors for human-machine interaction and thin, flexible e-skin. 22. The first paragraph aims to show __________. A. the special ability of African fish B. the inspiration for a new invention C. the big challenge of locating objects D. the reason for developing a sensor 23. What is the correct order of the system’s working procedures? a. The transmitter creates an electric field. b. A unit computes the position of the target. c. The controller sends the activating signal. d. The receiver detects the change of electric signals. e. The electric field is disrupted by an approaching object. A. c-a-e-d-b. B. c-a-d-e-b. C. a-c-e-d-b. D. a-e-c-d-b. 24. What is an advantage of the new sensor system? A. Its sensitivity to different stimulations. B. Its adaptation to environmental changes. C. Its efficiency in achieving 3D positioning. D. Its speed in data collection and processing. 25. What is the best title for the text? A. Machine Detective “Wears” Flexible E-skin B. Bio-inspired Sensor “Feels” Without Touching C. E-Skin Sensor: The Future of Machine Learning D. Electric Fields: The Frontier of Object Detection IV．阅读填空（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） As humanoid robots begin to enter warehouses and factories, a critical question arises: do we need special safety rules for them? The answer is yes, and for several important reasons. ____26____ Unlike traditional industrial robots that can be stopped instantly by hitting an emergency button, humanoids are “dynamically stable.” This means they need power to stay upright. If you cut the power, they will likely fall over, potentially causing serious injury to nearby workers. There is the challenge of defining what exactly needs to be regulated. How should we classify a humanoid robot? Does it need legs? Arms? A head? ____27____ This approach would allow safety standards to keep pace with technological innovation without being limited by appearance. Communication between robots and humans presents another concern. If robots are to share space with people, they must be able to signal their intentions clearly. For instance, a robot walking around a corner needs to indicate its direction so that people are not surprised. ____28____ There is a psychological factor to consider. People naturally expect more from robots that look like human. ____29____ Experts recommend that safety standards include emotional safety assessments to prevent confusion or stress. These standards help companies build trust in their products and sell them more easily in different countries, while also giving regulators a clear guide for creating their own rules. ____30____ As Vicentini notes, a practical standard must find a balance between competing interests, and “everybody equally unhappy is good enough,” since aiming for perfect agreement is simply not realistic. A. Humanoid robots pose unique physical risks. B. Without clear dialogues, accidents will happen. C. Interactions between humanoid robots can prevent accidents. D. Many believe that physical features are essential for safety standards. E. People may let their guard down, thinking the robots understand more than they do. F. However, agreeing on global regulations is hard due to different concerns in the field. G. Experts suggest dropping the term “humanoid” and focusing on a robot’s abilities instead. V．完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） My parents live in the foothills of Santa Barbara, California. They’d been talking about wanting to install a ____31____ trap, merely to see what sorts of animals were wandering nearby. Last year, I received an e-mail from my dad, under a subject line: “Secret creature?” There was no body text, but attached was a(n)____32____, just 10 seconds, shot in the night vision. It showed a tiny creature, ___33___ down a driveway. Midway along its path, the animal paused, twisted its body slightly, and then vanished into the ____34____. Watching it again, I still failed to ____35____ it, though the driveway struck me as oddly ____36____. It was my childhood home. I guess my parents had finally ____37____ the camera in our backyard. Soon, more e-mails came in. By the end of this February, my father had ____38____ a pair of rabbits, plus more foxes. He had also ____39____ the case of the secret creature in last year’s clip. It was a raccoon (浣熊) that became _____40_____ because it lost its tail. “Can you believe it?” my father _____41_____ a thrilled laugh on the phone — he was just overjoyed about his remarkable _____42_____. For me, the pleasure was that this “trap” has turned our familiar backyard into a place full of _____43_____. In some sense, it serves as a _____44_____: even in the places we think we know best, there’s always more to explore and _____45_____ about. 31. A. animal B. sensor C. man D. camera 32. A. photo B. message C. video D. advertisement 33. A. dancing B. breaking C. turning D. charging 34. A. mist B. darkness C. cold D. noise 35. A. make B. analyze C. identify D. examine 36. A. realistic B. primitive C. familiar D. strange 37. A. kept B. secured C. left D. removed 38. A. hunted B. located C. tracked D. missed 39. A. heard B. solved C. carried D. marked 40. A. unrecognizable B. unpredictable C. unbelievable D. unacceptable 41. A. left out B. gave out C. broke out D. let out 42. A. discovery B. expectation C. proof D. assumption 43. A. energy B. history C. opportunities D. secrets 44. A. lesson B. reminder C. challenge D. choice 45. A. wonder B. worry C. complain D. dream VI．语法填空（共10空，每空1分） 语法填空 In mid-June, Generation Z volunteers from China, France and Spain gathered at Xifang Temple in Pingyao, Shanxi Province, for a special workshop ____46____ (mean) to promote the protection of architectural heritage. The 10-day workshop opened ____47____ a tea-offering ceremony to show respect for local master craftsmen. Most volunteers ____48____ (hold) university degrees, and the workshop offered them ____49____ (practice) skills they could never learn in classrooms. Guided by local craftsmen, volunteers fell into groups. They cleared weeds around old courtyard walls, repaired broken gate frames with traditional patterns, ____50____ smoothed worn wood carvings. Language barriers never stopped their cooperation. They relied on simple Chinese and English, hand signals and rough drawings ____51____ (communicate), exchanging ideas to balance historical preservation and modern comfort. When the workshop ended, the ancient gate stood ____52____ (shine) brightly again. The workshop built a gentle cultural bridge, enabling young ____53____ (mind) from diverse cultures to understand each other. Lucas, a 21-year-old student from Paris, hoped more such international youth workshops would be launched, so more global youngsters could join in the protection of heritage. ____54____ ancient villages stand for is Chinese people’s long-lasting attachment to hometowns. Now, with joint efforts of Chinese and foreign young volunteers, these rural landscapes regain vitality, proving cultural heritage protection is ____55____ shared mission for all mankind. VII．单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分。请根据释义、首字母或提示词，用选必二Unit 1以及Unit 5所学单词的适当形式填空） 56. Frequent i________ (a time when an activity is stopped) from mobile phones will greatly affect the efficiency of class learning.（根据首字母单词拼写） 57. The small company made a s________ (large in amount, value or importance) profit from selling maps and travel guides to visitors from all over the world. (根据首字母单词拼写) 58. His public speech about cutting our carbon footprint is c________ (opposite or inconsistent) to his daily behavior of wasting electricity and water. (根据首字母单词拼写) 59. His argument about the causes of the war was based on s________ (that you can rely on; having a strong basis) evidence from historical records and eyewitness accounts. （根据首字母单词拼写） 60. After working for hours under the hot sun without drinking any water, the young volunteer suddenly c________ (to fall down because you are very ill) before he could finish recording the local villagers’ stories. (根据首字母单词拼写) 61. The local government has introduced new policies to improve the w________ (the general health, happiness and safety of a person, an animal or a group) of low-income families in urban areas. （根据首字母单词拼写） 62. Good note-taking t________ (a way of conducting a particular task) help students remember what they read and organize their ideas more clearly before an exam. （根据首字母单词拼写） 63. Digital technology has t________ (to completely change sth. or sb., especially in a way that improves it) the way people communicate and get information in daily life. （根据首字母单词拼写） 64. Stepping up to me, Mom threw her arms open, w________ (to cover something completely) me in a warm hug that drove away all my anxiety and fear. （根据首字母单词拼写） 65. After staying up late for several nights, the youngster had ________ (swell) eyes and could hardly focus on the screen. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66. The frequent network fraud incidents remind the public of the ________ (urgent) of strengthening awareness of information security. （所给词的适当形式填空） 67. My ________ (subscribe) to the science magazine expires next month, so I need to decide whether to renew it or not. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. The school took immediate measures to prevent the spread of the ________ (infect) flu among students. （所给词的适当形式填空） 69. There is no ________ (justify) for discriminating against people because of their background. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. The book is too ________ (theory) for beginners who want to solve real problems, so the teacher recommended another guide. （所给词的适当形式填空） VIII．完成句子（共10题；每题1分，满分10分。用选必二Unit 1以及Unit 5所学词组填空） 71. 许多青少年已然沦为网游成瘾的受害者，仅仅一个学期，成绩便大幅下滑。 Many teenagers ________________ online game addiction, which has dragged their grades down sharply within a single semester. 72. 小男孩在回家路上从自行车上滑下来后， 一位路人扶他站了起来。 The little boy ________ by a passer-by after he slipped off his bike on the way home. 73. 当室内跳伞风洞毫无预警地吹出一股强气流时，一些初次体验者惊恐地尖叫。 When the indoor skydiving wind tunnel suddenly blew a strong gust without any warning, some first-time flyers ________. 74. 这项起源可追溯到唐朝的传统工艺，如今正走进当地中学课堂，以传承这一文化遗产。 This traditional craft, whose origins can ________ the Tang Dynasty, is now being taught in local middle schools to pass on the cultural heritage. 75. 这支队伍正尝试全新的战术，孤注一掷想要赢下总决赛。 The team is trying a completely new strategy ________ win the final match. 76. 护士解释了智能手环如何工作后，老年患者很快感到放松。 The elderly patient soon ________________ after the nurse told him how the smart wristband worked. 77. 听到窗外传来奇怪的声音，她好奇地望向院子，想知道那里发生了什么。 As she heard a strange noise outside the window, she ________________ the yard, wondering what was happening there. 78. 我们必须彻底解决这个长期存在的问题，避免它再次影响项目进度。 We have to solve this long-standing problem ________________________ to prevent it from affecting the project progress again. 79. 黄旭华毕生投身于中国核潜艇的研发事业，赢得了“中国核潜艇之父”的称号。 Huang Xuhua has devoted all his life to the development of China’s nuclear submarines and ________________ the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 80. 王虹攻克抽象数学难题的不懈努力，激励无数青少年坚守科学梦想。 Wang Hong’s ________ to tackle abstract mathematical puzzles inspire numerous teenagers to stick to their scientific dreams. IX．背诵段落填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 段落填空 Born in 1911, Qian overcame challenges to pursue aviation, realizing the need to develop China’s own air force for national defence. ________81________ is his patriotism and scientific spirit. After finishing his graduate studies in the US, he ________82________ to fight for his right to return home and finally took charge of China’s space and missile programs. Despite poor domestic conditions, Qian ________83________ and proved that Chinese people could independently develop missiles. He finally led major ________84________, including the Dongfeng missiles and the Dong Fang Hong satellite. It is Qian’s unwavering patriotism and ________85________ that will never stop inspiring the young generation. Thank you! X．书面表达（共20分） 86. 假定你是李华，在外教组织的认识校园生物多样性的活动中，你所在的小组负责研究校园鸟类，并制作了“The Campus Bird Handbook”。请你代表小组在口语课上作分享，内容包括： 1．研究过程； 2．手册内容。 注意： 1．词数约120-150； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $