Unit 3 Same or Different Section B 单词短语句型 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 3 Same or Different? Section B 单词短语句型专项 【背诵版】 词汇巩固 1. alike adj.相似的 adv.相似地 2. mirror n.镜子 3. interest n.业余爱好;兴趣 v.使感兴趣 4. novel n.小说 5. difference n.差异 6. sense n.理解力;感觉 7. humour/humor n.幽默;幽默感 8. thanks to 归功于;由于;因为 9. less adj.较少的;更少的 adv.较少地;更少地 pron.较少;更少 10. straightforward adj.坦率的;简单的 11. opinion n.看法;意见 12. make a mistake 犯错误 13. honest adj.坦诚的;诚实的 14. direct adj.率直的;直接的 15. similarity n.相似之处 16. friendship n.友谊;友情 17. metre/meter n.米 18. prince n.王子 19. character n.人物;个性 20. pauper n.贫民;乞丐 21. exchange v. & n.交换 22. accident n.意外;(交通)事故 23. by accident 偶然;意外地 24. expect v.预料;期待 25. silver adj.银色的 n.银 26. silver lining 一线光明 27. situation n.情况;状况 28. care about 关心;担心 29. reach v.伸手;达到 30. reach for 伸手触碰 31. touch v.触动;触碰 32. lend (sb) a hand 帮助(某人) 单词变形 1. interest(n. & v.) interesting(adj.)有趣的 interested(adj.)感兴趣的 2. different(adj.) difference(n.)差异 3. little(adj.) less(比较级)较少的;更少的 4. direct(adj.) directly(adv.)直接地 5. similar(adj.) similarity(n.)相似之处 6. friend(n.) friendship(n.)友谊;友情 7. lend(v.) borrow(反义词)借 8. humour(n.) humorous(adj.)有幽默感的 9. touch(v.) touching(adj.)感人的 touched(adj.)受感动 短语归纳 1. get great pleasure from sth 从某事/物获得极大的快乐 2. win matches 赢得比赛 3. because of 因为 4. get better at ……做得更好 5. share sth with sb 与某人分享某事/物 6. read a lot of novels 读很多小说 7. a sense of humour 幽默感 8. an honest friend 一位诚实的朋友 9. kind of shy 有点害羞 10. give direct opinions 给出直接的意见 11. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 12. speak in front of people 在众人面前讲话 13. speak in a straightforward way 说话直截了当 14. have similar hobbies and interests 有相似的爱好和兴趣 15. respect the differences in others 尊重他人的差异 16. in sb's spare time 在某人的空闲时间 17. put time into a job 把时间花在工作上 金句积累 1. Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I'm getting better at badminton. 正因为如此,我在练习时更加努力,现在我的羽毛球打得越来越好。 2. Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. 有些人认为朋友应该是相似的,但是有些人认为朋友应该是不同的。 3. For me, friends who are different make me better. 对我来说,不同的朋友让我变得更好。 4. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 他不怕表达自己的意见,尤其是当他认为我犯了错误的时候。 5. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的朋友可以援手帮助,触动你的心。 6. The weather was pleasant, with white clouds and warm sunshine. 天气很宜人,有白云和温暖的阳光。 7. Besides this, he also realized that people's lives were much harder than he expected. 除此之外,他还意识到人们的生活比他想象的要艰难得多。 8. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 我们总是乐于互相帮助,伸出援手。 9. We are different, but we can be stronger together. 我们是不同的,但我们可以一起变得更强大。 【默写版】 词汇巩固(英译中) 人教版八年级上作业集 1. alike 2. mirror 3. interest 4. novel 5. difference 6. sense 7. humour/humor 8. thanks to 9. less 10. straightforward 11. opinion 12. make a mistake 13. honest 14. direct 15. similarity 16. friendship 17. metre/meter 18. prince 19. character 20. pauper 21. exchange 22. accident 23. by accident 24. expect 25. silver 26. silver lining 27. situation 28. care about 29. reach 30. reach for 31. touch 32. lend (sb) a hand 单词变形 1. interest (n. & v.) (adj.) 有趣的 (adj.) 感兴趣的 2. different (adj.) (n.) 差异 3. little (adj.) (比较级) 较少的;更少的 4. direct (adj.) (adv.) 直接地 5. similar (adj.) (n.) 相似之处 6. friend (n.) (n.) 友谊;友情 7. lend (v.) (反义词) 借 8. humour (n.) (adj.) 有幽默感的 9. touch (v.) (adj.) 感人的 (adj.) 受感动 短语归纳(中译英) 1. 从某事/物获得极大的快乐 2. 赢得比赛 3. 因为 4. ……做得更好 5. 与某人分享某事/物 6. 读很多小说 7. 幽默感 8. 一位诚实的朋友 9. 有点害羞 10. 给出直接的意见 11. 帮助某人做某事 12. 在众人面前讲话 13. 说话直截了当 14. 有相似的爱好和兴趣 15. 尊重他人的差异 16. 在某人的空闲时间 17. 把时间花在工作上 金句积累(中译英) 1. 正因为如此,我在练习时更加努力,现在我的羽毛球打得越来越好。 2. 有些人认为朋友应该是相似的,但是有些人认为朋友应该是不同的。 3. 对我来说,不同的朋友让我变得更好。 4. 他不怕表达自己的意见,尤其是当他认为我犯了错误的时候。 5. 一个真正的朋友可以援手帮助,触动你的心。 6. 天气很宜人,有白云和温暖的阳光。 7. 除此之外,他还意识到人们的生活比他想象的要艰难得多。 8. 我们总是乐于互相帮助,伸出援手。 9. 我们是不同的,但我们可以一起变得更强大。 【单词短语专练】 适当形式填空 1. The two sisters look (alike), but their personalities are quite different. 2. This (mirror) surface is so clear that you can see your face in it. 3. My little brother has many (interest) in reading science novels. 4. There are many (different) between twin brothers. 5. His (humour) words made all of us laugh loudly. 6. Lily felt (touch) after her best friend helped her out. 7. Can you tell me your (opinion) on this plan about friendship? 8. We all admire him because he is an (honest) boy in our class. 9. The girl told us her idea (direct) without hiding anything. 10. We found some (similar) in our hobbies. 11. True (friend) needs care and understanding from both sides. 12. The boy had an (accident) fall when he climbed the hill. 13. The result was beyond his (expect). He won the game easily. 14. The (silver) moon shone brightly over the quiet village. 15. The teacher praised Tom for (lend) his hand to classmates. 选词组完成句子 【thanks to, care about, reach for, lend (sb) a hand, get better at, by accident, because of, a sense of humour,share…with, make a mistake, 】 1. his help, I passed the difficult English test at last. 2. Don’t be afraid to when you are learning new things. 3. My best friend always my feelings when I am upset. 4. The little girl the apple on the table, but she was too short. 5. When we are in trouble, our classmates will . 6. We put off the sports meeting the heavy rain. 7. If you keep practising, you will playing the piano soon. 8. You can your happiness your close friends. 9. I met my old neighbour when I walked in the park yesterday. 10. Mr. Wang has , so all his students like his lessons. 【句型讲练】 【because of 引导原因状语】 基本结构:because of + 名词/代词/动名词 翻译:因为……;由于…… 用法讲解:because of是介词短语,后面不能接完整句子,只能接名词性成分;区别于连词because,because后要接从句。 课本原句:Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I'm getting better at badminton. 【宾语从句(think后接宾语从句)】 基本结构:主语 + think + (that)宾语从句 翻译:某人认为…… 用法讲解:that可以省略;从句使用陈述语序,主从句时态保持呼应。常用来表达观点看法,本单元谈论朋友异同高频句型。 课本原句:Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. 【定语从句(who引导,修饰人)】 基本结构:先行词(人)+ who + 从句 翻译:……的(人) 用法讲解:who在定语从句中作主语,用来修饰前面表示人的名词;从句谓语单复数要和先行词保持一致。 课本原句:For me, friends who are different make me better. 【when引导时间状语从句】 基本结构:主句 + when + 时间状语从句 翻译:当……的时候,…… 用法讲解:when意为“当……时”,可接延续性或短暂性动作;主从句时态可根据语境选用一般现在/一般过去时。 课本原句:He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 中译英练习 【because of +名词/代词/动名词】 1. 因为那场糟糕的天气,我们不得不取消野餐。 2. 由于他的幽默感,大家都愿意和他交朋友。 3. 因为一次意外,她错过了那场重要比赛。 4. 由于不断的练习,他羽毛球打得越来越好了。 5. 因为这个误会,他们不再互相分享秘密。 【who引导定语从句,修饰人】 1. 拥有幽默感的朋友总能让我开怀大笑。 2. 愿意帮助别人的人会收获更多友谊。 3. 敢于表达想法的学生在课堂上更加自信。 4. 关心他人的朋友值得我们珍惜。 5. 和我爱好相似的那个女孩是我的同桌。 【when引导时间状语从句】 1. 当朋友犯错时,我会直接说出我的看法。 2. 当你遇到困难时,你可以向身边的人求助。 3. 当她听到这个故事时,内心深受触动。 4. 当我们一起练习时,彼此进步很快。 5. 当他有空的时候,他喜欢读很多小说。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $Unit 3 Same or Different? Section B 单词短语句型专项 【背诵版】 词汇巩固 1. alike adj.相似的 adv.相似地 2. mirror n.镜子 3. interest n.业余爱好；兴趣 v.使感兴趣 4. novel n.小说 5. difference n.差异 6. sense n.理解力；感觉 7. humour/humor n.幽默；幽默感 8. thanks to 归功于；由于；因为 9. less adj.较少的；更少的 adv.较少地；更少地 pron.较少；更少 10. straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的 11. opinion n.看法；意见 12. make a mistake 犯错误 13. honest adj.坦诚的；诚实的 14. direct adj.率直的；直接的 15. similarity n.相似之处 16. friendship n.友谊；友情 17. metre/meter n.米 18. prince n.王子 19. character n.人物；个性 20. pauper n.贫民；乞丐 21. exchange v. & n.交换 22. accident n.意外；(交通)事故 23. by accident 偶然；意外地 24. expect v.预料；期待 25. silver adj.银色的 n.银 26. silver lining 一线光明 27. situation n.情况；状况 28. care about 关心；担心 29. reach v.伸手；达到 30. reach for 伸手触碰 31. touch v.触动；触碰 32. lend (sb) a hand 帮助(某人) 单词变形 1. interest(n. & v.)→interesting(adj.)有趣的 →interested(adj.)感兴趣的 2. different(adj.)→difference(n.)差异 3. little(adj.)→less(比较级)较少的；更少的 4. direct(adj.)→directly(adv.)直接地 5. similar(adj.)→similarity(n.)相似之处 6. friend(n.)→friendship(n.)友谊；友情 7. lend(v.)→borrow(反义词)借 8. humour(n.)→humorous(adj.)有幽默感的 9. touch(v.)→touching(adj.)感人的 →touched(adj.)受感动 短语归纳 1. get great pleasure from sth 从某事/物获得极大的快乐 2. win matches 赢得比赛 3. because of 因为 4. get better at ……做得更好 5. share sth with sb 与某人分享某事/物 6. read a lot of novels 读很多小说 7. a sense of humour 幽默感 8. an honest friend 一位诚实的朋友 9. kind of shy 有点害羞 10. give direct opinions 给出直接的意见 11. help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事 12. speak in front of people 在众人面前讲话 13. speak in a straightforward way 说话直截了当 14. have similar hobbies and interests 有相似的爱好和兴趣 15. respect the differences in others 尊重他人的差异 16. in sb's spare time 在某人的空闲时间 17. put time into a job 把时间花在工作上 金句积累 1. Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I'm getting better at badminton. 正因为如此，我在练习时更加努力，现在我的羽毛球打得越来越好。 2. Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. 有些人认为朋友应该是相似的，但是有些人认为朋友应该是不同的。 3. For me, friends who are different make me better. 对我来说，不同的朋友让我变得更好。 4. He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 他不怕表达自己的意见，尤其是当他认为我犯了错误的时候。 5. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的朋友可以援手帮助，触动你的心。 6. The weather was pleasant, with white clouds and warm sunshine. 天气很宜人，有白云和温暖的阳光。 7. Besides this, he also realized that people's lives were much harder than he expected. 除此之外，他还意识到人们的生活比他想象的要艰难得多。 8. We are always ready to help each other by lending a hand. 我们总是乐于互相帮助，伸出援手。 9. We are different, but we can be stronger together. 我们是不同的，但我们可以一起变得更强大。 【默写版】 词汇巩固（英译中） 人教版八年级上作业集 1. alike _______________ 2. mirror _______________ 3. interest _______________ 4. novel _______________ 5. difference _______________ 6. sense _______________ 7. humour/humor _______________ 8. thanks to _______________ 9. less _______________ 10. straightforward _______________ 11. opinion _______________ 12. make a mistake _______________ 13. honest _______________ 14. direct _______________ 15. similarity _______________ 16. friendship _______________ 17. metre/meter _______________ 18. prince _______________ 19. character _______________ 20. pauper _______________ 21. exchange _______________ 22. accident _______________ 23. by accident _______________ 24. expect _______________ 25. silver _______________ 26. silver lining _______________ 27. situation _______________ 28. care about _______________ 29. reach _______________ 30. reach for _______________ 31. touch _______________ 32. lend (sb) a hand _______________ 单词变形 1. interest (n. & v.) → ____________ (adj.) 有趣的→ ____________ (adj.) 感兴趣的 2. different (adj.) → ____________ (n.) 差异 3. little (adj.) → ____________ (比较级) 较少的；更少的 4. direct (adj.) → ____________ (adv.) 直接地 5. similar (adj.) → ____________ (n.) 相似之处 6. friend (n.) → ____________ (n.) 友谊；友情 7. lend (v.) → ____________ (反义词) 借 8. humour (n.) → ____________ (adj.) 有幽默感的 9. touch (v.) → ____________ (adj.) 感人的→ ____________ (adj.) 受感动 短语归纳（中译英） 1. 从某事/物获得极大的快乐 _________________ 2. 赢得比赛 ________________________ 3. 因为 ________________________ 4. ……做得更好 ________________________ 5. 与某人分享某事/物 ______________________ 6. 读很多小说 ________________________ 7. 幽默感 ________________________ 8. 一位诚实的朋友 ________________________ 9. 有点害羞 ________________________ 10. 给出直接的意见 ________________________ 11. 帮助某人做某事 ________________________ 12. 在众人面前讲话 ________________________ 13. 说话直截了当 ________________________ 14. 有相似的爱好和兴趣 ____________________ 15. 尊重他人的差异 ________________________ 16. 在某人的空闲时间 _____________________ 17. 把时间花在工作上 _____________________ 金句积累（中译英） 1. 正因为如此，我在练习时更加努力，现在我的羽毛球打得越来越好。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 有些人认为朋友应该是相似的，但是有些人认为朋友应该是不同的。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 对我来说，不同的朋友让我变得更好。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 他不怕表达自己的意见，尤其是当他认为我犯了错误的时候。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 一个真正的朋友可以援手帮助，触动你的心。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 6. 天气很宜人，有白云和温暖的阳光。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 7. 除此之外，他还意识到人们的生活比他想象的要艰难得多。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 8. 我们总是乐于互相帮助，伸出援手。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 9. 我们是不同的，但我们可以一起变得更强大。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 【单词短语专练】 适当形式填空 1. The two sisters look ________ (alike), but their personalities are quite different. 2. This ________ (mirror) surface is so clear that you can see your face in it. 3. My little brother has many ________ (interest) in reading science novels. 4. There are many ________ (different) between twin brothers. 5. His ________ (humour) words made all of us laugh loudly. 6. Lily felt ________ (touch) after her best friend helped her out. 7. Can you tell me your ________ (opinion) on this plan about friendship? 8. We all admire him because he is an ________ (honest) boy in our class. 9. The girl told us her idea ________ (direct) without hiding anything. 10. We found some ________ (similar) in our hobbies. 11. True ________ (friend) needs care and understanding from both sides. 12. The boy had an ________ (accident) fall when he climbed the hill. 13. The result was beyond his ________ (expect). He won the game easily. 14. The ________ (silver) moon shone brightly over the quiet village. 15. The teacher praised Tom for ________ (lend) his hand to classmates. 参考答案+详细解析 1. alike 【解析】look alike 是固定搭配，意为“看起来相像”，alike在此作表语。 2. mirror’s 【解析】名词所有格，修饰后面名词surface，表示镜子的表面。 3. interests 【解析】many后接可数名词复数，interest作“爱好”时为可数名词，变复数interests。 4. differences 【解析】many后接可数名词复数，different形容词→difference名词，复数differences。 5. humorous 【解析】形容词修饰名词words，humour名词→humorous形容词，幽默的。 6. touched 【解析】-ed形容词修饰人，表示“感到感动的”；touch动词→touched形容词。 7. opinion 【解析】形容词性物主代词后接名词，opinion看法，此处用单数。 8. honest 【解析】形容词修饰名词boy，honest坦诚的，元音音素开头，前面用an。 9. directly 【解析】副词修饰动词told，direct形容词→directly副词，直接地。 10. similarities 【解析】some后可接可数名词复数，similar形容词→similarity名词，复数similarities。 11. friendship 【解析】true形容词修饰名词，friend朋友→friendship友谊。 12. accidental 【解析】形容词修饰名词fall，accident名词→accidental意外的。 13. expectation 【解析】形容词性物主代词后接名词，expect动词→expectation名词，期待。 14. silvery 【解析】形容词修饰名词moon，silver名词→silvery银色的。 15. lending 【解析】介词for后面需要接动名词，lend动词→lending。 选词组完成句子 【thanks to, care about, reach for, lend (sb) a hand, get better at, by accident, because of, a sense of humour,share…with, make a mistake, 】 1. ________ his help, I passed the difficult English test at last. 2. Don’t be afraid to ________ when you are learning new things. 3. My best friend always ________ my feelings when I am upset. 4. The little girl ________ the apple on the table, but she was too short. 5. When we are in trouble, our classmates will ________. 6. We put off the sports meeting ________ the heavy rain. 7. If you keep practising, you will ________ playing the piano soon. 8. You can ________ your happiness ________ your close friends. 9. I met my old neighbour ________ when I walked in the park yesterday. 10. Mr. Wang has ________, so all his students like his lessons. 参考答案与解析 1. Thanks to 【解析】thanks to 归功于；多亏。句首首字母大写。句意：多亏了他的帮助，我终于通过了这场很难的英语考试。 2. make a mistake 【解析】be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事，to后面用动词原形。句意：学习新事物时不要害怕犯错。 3. cares about 【解析】主语my best friend是第三人称单数，一般现在时，谓语动词变形。care about关心。句意：当我难过时，我最好的朋友总是关心我的感受。 4. reached for 【解析】根据后面was可知时态为一般过去时。reach for伸手触碰。句意：小女孩伸手去拿桌上的苹果，但她个子太矮了。 5. lend us a hand 【解析】will后接动词原形；结合句意，lend sb a hand帮助某人，sb替换为us。句意：当我们遇到困难，同学们会向我们伸出援手。 6. because of 【解析】because of 因为，后接名词短语。句意：因为大雨，我们推迟了运动会。 7. get better at 【解析】will后接动词原形；get better at 在……做得更好。句意：如果你坚持练习，你钢琴很快就会进步。 8. share; with 【解析】情态动词can后接动词原形；share sth with sb 和某人分享某物。句意：你可以把快乐和挚友分享。 9. by accident 【解析】by accident偶然。句意：昨天我在公园散步时偶然遇见老邻居。 10. a sense of humour 【解析】a sense of humour幽默感。句意：王老师很有幽默感，所有学生都喜欢他的课。 【句型讲练】 【because of 引导原因状语】 基本结构：because of + 名词/代词/动名词 翻译：因为……；由于…… 用法讲解：because of是介词短语，后面不能接完整句子，只能接名词性成分；区别于连词because，because后要接从句。 课本原句：Because of that, I try harder when I practise, and now I'm getting better at badminton. 【宾语从句（think后接宾语从句）】 基本结构：主语 + think + (that)宾语从句 翻译：某人认为…… 用法讲解：that可以省略；从句使用陈述语序，主从句时态保持呼应。常用来表达观点看法，本单元谈论朋友异同高频句型。 课本原句：Some people think that friends should be alike, but some other people think that friends should be different. 【定语从句（who引导，修饰人）】 基本结构：先行词(人)+ who + 从句 翻译：……的（人） 用法讲解：who在定语从句中作主语，用来修饰前面表示人的名词；从句谓语单复数要和先行词保持一致。 课本原句：For me, friends who are different make me better. 【when引导时间状语从句】 基本结构：主句 + when + 时间状语从句 翻译：当……的时候，…… 用法讲解：when意为“当……时”，可接延续性或短暂性动作；主从句时态可根据语境选用一般现在/一般过去时。 课本原句：He is not afraid to give his opinion, especially when he thinks I am making a mistake. 中译英练习 【because of +名词/代词/动名词】 1. 因为那场糟糕的天气，我们不得不取消野餐。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 由于他的幽默感，大家都愿意和他交朋友。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 因为一次意外，她错过了那场重要比赛。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 由于不断的练习，他羽毛球打得越来越好了。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 因为这个误会，他们不再互相分享秘密。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 【who引导定语从句，修饰人】 1. 拥有幽默感的朋友总能让我开怀大笑。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 愿意帮助别人的人会收获更多友谊。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 敢于表达想法的学生在课堂上更加自信。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 关心他人的朋友值得我们珍惜。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 和我爱好相似的那个女孩是我的同桌。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 【when引导时间状语从句】 1. 当朋友犯错时，我会直接说出我的看法。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 当你遇到困难时，你可以向身边的人求助。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 当她听到这个故事时，内心深受触动。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 当我们一起练习时，彼此进步很快。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 当他有空的时候，他喜欢读很多小说。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 句型1 1. We had to cancel the picnic because of the terrible weather. 2. Everyone likes to make friends with him because of his sense of humour. 3. She missed the important match because of an accident. 4. He got better at badminton because of constant practice. 5. They stopped sharing secrets with each other because of this misunderstanding. 句型2 1. Friends who have a sense of humour can always make me laugh. 2. People who are ready to help others will get more friendship. 3. Students who dare to show their opinions are more confident in class. 4. Friends who care about others are worth our treasure. 5. The girl who has similar hobbies with me is my deskmate. 句型3 1. I will give my direct opinion when my friend makes a mistake. 2. You can ask people around you for help when you meet trouble. 3. She felt touched when she heard this story. 4. We make progress quickly when we practise together. 5. He enjoys reading lots of novels when he has spare time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $