【教材笔记】6.3 Language Practice至Words and Expressions-Craftsmanship《英语 基础模块2》（高教版第三版）

英语的语态分为两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，被动 语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。 被动语态的构成为“主语b®+动词过去分词”。 情态动词的被动结构为“情态动词b8+动词过去分词” 不定宝式的被动箫构为ibe,mgoe+动词美今词或"“e tobe+动词过去分词” 被动语态的时态 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 have/has been+动词 现在 am/is/are+动词 am/is/are being+动词过 过去分词 去分词 过去分词 CLanguage Practice had been+动词过去分词 过去 was/were+动词 was/were being+动词过去 过去分词 分词 被动语态的注意事项： will+be+动词过去 1.谓语动词必须是及物动词，不及物动词本身 将来 分词 无被动，但有些不及物动词加上适当的介词构 成动词短语，则有被动形式。 Grammar Every watch is designed and made here. 2.有些动词用主动形式表达被动含义。 多为感官动词：look/feel/taste/smell等。 A cook named Ding was asked to butcher an ox for King ui. 3.感官动词或使役动词省略t的动词不定式作 宾语。被动语态中不带t0,但变为被动语态时 须加上to。 His story is still told to show that a good craftsman comes from continued practice. 4.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构，将间接 宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变。将直接宾 语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或fo引导。 Products made in Germany are believed to be durable A new mobile phone was given to her by her mother. 被动语态的用法 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者 2.关心动作的承受者也关心动作的执行者 15 Read and underline. 读以下句子，标出其中被动语态的部分。 1)Quality is regarded as the life of products. 2)The building of another bridge is being planned by the engineers. 3)The model worker said that some new workshops were being built in her hometown. 4)The skills were passed on from generation to generation at that time. 5)A unique tradition has been developed in Swiss watchmaking. 6)More measures will be taken to make the control system simple. 16 Read and complete 用所给动词的适当形式补全句子。 1)A speech contest on craftsmanship will be held (hold)in our school next week was being repaired 2)We could not get through because the road (repair)then. 3)I find that most of the cars on display are made (make)in Germany. is being taken 4)The old man (take)care of by the nurse now. 5)The engineer was given (give)a warm welcome by the students this morning. has been used 6)The carving knife (use)for 20 years,and it still looks new. UNIT 。000”。华0000.8.8象卡◆9●。。”单088888”第。卡g8e年 096 17 Choose and complete. 选择合适的句子补全对话，注意句中被动语态的用法。 I was taught to make kites when I was 3. Is there a kite that was made by you,Xiao Yu? Look at the butterfly by the door. What is needed to make a kite? Most of them are made by my grandpa. h Xiao Yu:Here we are!This is my grandpa's kite shop. Mark:Oh,all the kites are so beautiful. Xiao Yu:Yeah.1)E Mark:A great kite maker!2)B Xiao Yu:Over there!3)C Mark: Wonderful!You are so clever. Xiao Yu:Actually,4)A Mark: Wow.I see why you are so good at making kites!5)D Xiao Yu: Besides bamboo and paper,creativity and patience are also very important. Mark:Here are the bamboo and paper.Shall we make a kite together? Vocabulary 13Choose and complete. 选择合适的短语，用其适当形式补全句子。 1)You need to focus on every small detail when carving a picture on stone. ·take up 2)Swiss watches are connected to a great number of new skills. ·focs0n 3)Once upon a time,there lived a famous craftsman named Lu .once upon a time Ban. ·be connected to 4)They stand for happiness and good luck in China. ·stand for 5)I believe that his experience is enough to take up this job. Craftsmanship 097 19 Read and complete. 用所给单词的适当形式补全短文。 When I walked into a small cake shop,the baker was decorating a movement cake for a little boy,with a piping bag in hand.Her 1)_movements on the cake were so beautiful.A few minutes later,the little boy impressive shouted,"Wow!My Spiderman!How 2)_impressiveit is!" was amazed at her 3)patience and skills and talked with unique her while waiting for my cake.She told me that decorating cakes patience was a 4)unique kind of fun for her.She was clear about the importance of being 5)reative for a baker.So she kept creative learning and tried to make something new every day. Culture Understanding 不同国家的工匠精神 Craftsmanship Across Countries 不同国家的人们对工匠精神有着不同的理解。 People in different countries have different understandings of craftsmanship. n.理解 被认为..·adj耐用的 For many people,products made in Germany are believed to be durable.This high quality comes from Germany'sstrong craftsmpirit.German workers are very careful and try to make things perfect.They believe good quality is the most important part of any product. 对许多人来说，人们认为德国生产的产品经久耐用。，这种高品质源 宇德国强大的工匠精神。德国工人非常细心，并力求将事物做到完 美。他们相信优良质量是任何产品最重要的部分。 UNIT 098 套跨哥维自是灵赛暖架贸整作并餐缪势驿力绿程裤的 到尽善尽美。 see.as.…看作是， n.职责 In Japan,people see work. their most important duty and adi.思成的 n.优势 stay ioyal to it.The strength of Japanese production comes from learning and creating.Japanese workers love their jobs, Q: work hard,and try to do everything perfectly. How do the views on.craftsmanship in Germany, In China,craftsmanship has a long history.Chinese craftsmen V.重视 Japan,and China value patience and often snend years perfecting a single skill. show their cultural .n师父 n.学徒 Masters taught skills to apprentices and showed them how differences? to be hard-working,creative,and day,Chinese craftsmen carry on this tradition and create world-famous products 传承 在中国，工匠精神有着悠久的历史。中国工匠重视耐心， 0耐用的 目忠诚的 0学徒 常花费多年时尚磨炼单一技能。师父将技艺传授给徒弟， 常 教导他们如何做到勤奋、富有创造方并全心投入。如今， 中 国工匠延续着这一传统，创造着世界闻名的产品。 Group Work① 为学校专栏写一短篇文章 Write a short article for your school newspaper. Situation Read the following passage about an engineer. 你所在职业学校的校报人物专栏正在就 下面有关某工程师的信息，了解其事迹。 “你所知道的大国工匠”这一主题进行 李是一名高级高速铁路技术员。从职业学校毕业后，他于1986年开始担任焊工。读下面的人物与事迹，并据此写 Li is a senior high-speed railway technician,After graduating 人员 一篇投稿文章！ n.文7 from a vocational school,he started to work as a welder in 他刻苦学习各种焊接 1986, 技能。 作为一名谦逊 adi谦逊的 寻求建议 的年轻人，他经常向 He worked hard to learn different welding skills.As a modest young man,he often asked for advice on 经验丰富的导师请教 焊接技巧。他坚持不 welding skills from experienced mentors.He kept on studying hard and practicing a lot.In order to improve 懈地努力学习并大量 his welding skills,he took part in many skills competitions and won many awards,including the Chinese Skills 练习。为了提升焊接 水平， 参加了多项 Award. 技能竞赛 并荣获多 在过去的30年中 项奖项， 中包括中 Over the past 30 years,Li has grown from a vocational school graduate to an outstanding high-speed 国技能大赛 奖顶。 railway technician.He has solved more than 100 technical problems.Due tonis great contribution,Li was awarded the "Craftsman of the Nation." 在过去的30年里，李从一名职业学校毕业生成长为一名优秀的高速铁路技术人员。他解决 了100多个技术问题。由于他的巨大贡献，李被授予“国家工匠”称号 Craftsmanship 099 2 Work in groups,list the efforts Li made for his work,and summarize his personal qualities.小组合作，列出李在工作岗位上所付出的努力，分析这些努力所反映的个人 品质。 Efforts Made Personal Qualities He often asked for advice on welding skills from experienced be modest mentors. He kept on studying hard and practicing a lot. be persistent ③Based on the information above,.write a short article on Li's success.依据上述信 息撰写一篇投稿文章，分析其成功的原因。 Li, 2 That's why he was awarded the title "Craftsman of the Nation." Self-Assessment 完成以下练习，根据所给标准评价你对本单元学习内容的掌握程度。 Think and translate.翻译以下词语。 1)product 产品 2)creative 创造性的 3)prepare 准备 4)design 设计 5)focus on_集中于 6)需要 requi re 7)完成conpl ete 8)花费；度过spend 9)耐心pat i ence 10)从前once upon a ti me Excellent:≥g Good:7-8 Need to review:≤6 2 Read and complete the sentences.用所给词语的被动语态补全句子。 1)A cook named Ding was asked (ask)to butcher an ox for King Hui. has/had been used,这把雕刻刀已经使用了15年，但一直保持锋利 2)The carving knife (use)for 10 vears but was kept sharp. 泰作masterpiece. be cr eat ed/was creat ed一件杰作由熟练工匠在30天内创作 (create)by the skilled craftsman in 30 days. are val ued 4)The traditional techniques (value)greatly by modern craftsmen. 传统技艺被现代工匠高度重视。 be valued greatly by..被高度重 视 5) The high-quality furniture was nade (make)by the master craftsmen 高品质的家具是去年由大师工匠制作的。 last year. is passed down/has been passed down 6) Craftsmanship (pass down)through generations. 工艺被代代相传。 Excellent::≥5☐ Good:4☐ Need to review:≤3 101 ③Read and complete the passage.用方框中所给词语的适当形式补全短文。 spend patience standard craftsmanship focus on take up 从前，在一个小 村庄里，有一位 Once upon a time,in a small village,there was a craftsman named Li 名叫李工艺 魏的工匠。他以 raftsmanship Wei.He was known for his 1) Li Wei had a workshop where he 精湛的技艺闻名 李魏有一个工 2)spent hours every day crafting pieces of furniture.His 3)patience 坊，每天花费数 关注细节 突出 小时制作家具。 and attention to detail made his work stand out. 他的耐心和细致 有一天，李伟决 入微使他的作品 定迎接一项新的 脱颖而出。 挑战：创作一件表 他村庄精神的作 eay,Li Wei ecided to)new chalege:creatinga piece hat would stand for the spirit of his villge.He 5)foued on ensure v.确保 元素 投very cyrve )和线条，确保每弧线)and line,ensuring each element was perfect..His dedication was 个元素都完美 瑕。他的奉献精 神令人印象深刻 impressive,and soon,word spread about his outstanding achievement. 很快， 关于他 卓越成就的消息 杰作 木雕 便传开了 The villagers gathered to see his masterpiece-a beautiful wooden sculpture. 超越 standard(s) Li Wei's work went beyond the highest 6) He turned a simple piece of wood into a symbol (of the village's pride 村民们聚集在一起，观看他的杰作 一一件精美的木雕。李伟的作品超 越了最高标准。他将一块普通的木 Excellent:≥5☐ Good:4☐ e衬骄做的象征d 102 Words and Expressions craftman n.工匠；手艺人 exact adj,.精确的；准确的not exactly不完全是 craftsmanship'kraeftsmanfip/n.手艺： exactly/1g'zaektli/adv.正是如此；恰好 技艺 impressive/im'presrv/adj.给人E印象深 steel/sti:V/n.钢 刻的；感人的 designer n.设计者，be designed for.…为..而设计 design /dr'zamn/u.设计 unique /ju'hitk/ad.独特的a unique+名词 create v.创造creation n.创造 creativity n.创造力creative /kri'ertrv/adj..创造性的 standard'staenderd/n.标准 preparation n.准备 prepare for mo8浴antY稳熱mn数 adj.可以动的 prepare /prI'per/v.准备 为.做准备 speak-spoke-spoken make preparations for speech/spit/n.演说为..做准备 utstanding/aut'staendi/adj.杰出的 workshop'w3rk∫ap/n.工作坊；车间 achievement /a'tfi:vmant/n.成就 achieve v.达到；实现 spend,doing sth.,spend/spend/u.花费；度过 make achievements取得成就 /on sth.花费.做某事 complete/kom'pli:/tu.完成adj,完全的 focus on集中于 completely adv.完全；彻底 produce v.生产 product/'pra:dnkt n.产品 be connected to与…有联系 process /'pra::ses/n.过程 stand for代表 stand out突出 requirement n.需要 require/r'kwarar/v.需要 once upon a time从前 patience/pefns/n.ent adj.有耐r心的 take up从事；拿起占用（时间、空间） require doing sth.=require to be done be patient with sb.take away拿走 需要被做，， 对某人有耐心 take in①吸收；理解；②收留；③欺骗 take off①（飞机）起飞；②脱掉（衣物） take on①承担（工作/责任）；②雇佣；③接钟 take out取出；拿出；（外卖)打包 take over接管；接手 take place.发生