Unit 6 知识点笔记语法讲解2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

人教英语八年级上册知识点笔记 Unit 6 Plan for Yourself 为自己规划 重点单词 序号 单词·词性·音标·释义 拓展讲解 1 grow v. /ɡrəʊ/ 生长；成长；种植 过去式 grew；grow up 长大；grow vegetables 种菜 2 programmer n. /ˈprəʊɡræmə/ 程序员 program n. 程序；computer programmer 电脑程序员 3 computer n. /kəmˈpjuːtə/ 计算机；电脑 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 4 doctor n. /ˈdɒktə/ 医生；博士 see a doctor 看医生 5 engineer n. /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə/ 工程师 a computer engineer 电脑工程师 6 violinist n. /ˌvaɪəˈlɪnɪst/ 小提琴手 violin n. 小提琴 7 driver n. /ˈdraɪvə/ 驾驶员；司机 drive v. 驾驶；bus driver 公交车司机 8 pilot n. /ˈpaɪlət/ 飞行员 a plane pilot 飞机驾驶员 9 pianist n. /ˈpɪənɪst/ 钢琴家 piano n. 钢琴 10 scientist n. /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ 科学家 science n. 科学 11 cook n. /kʊk/ 厨师 v. 烹饪；煮 cook dinner 做晚饭；cooker n. 厨具 12 college n. /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ 学院；大学 go to college 上大学 13 university n. /ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ 大学 a famous university 著名大学 14 education n. /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ 教育 educate v. 教育；higher education 高等教育 15 medicine n. /ˈmedsn/ 药；医学 take medicine 吃药；study medicine 学医 16 article n. /ˈɑːtɪkl/ 文章；论文 write an article 写文章 17 send v. /send/ 发送；寄 过去式 sent；send an email 发邮件；send sth to sb 把某物寄给某人 18 resolution n. /ˌrezəˈluːʃn/ 决心；决定 make a resolution 下决心；New Year's resolutions 新年决心 19 team n. /tiːm/ 队；组 football team 足球队；team work 团队合作 20 foreign adj. /ˈfɒrən/ 外国的 foreigner n. 外国人；foreign language 外语 21 able adj. /ˈeɪbl/ 能够 be able to do sth 能够做某事；反义 unable 22 discuss v. /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论；商量 discussion n. 讨论；discuss sth with sb 与某人讨论 23 promise n.&v. /ˈprɒmɪs/ 承诺；答应 make a promise 许诺；promise to do sth 答应做某事 24 beginning n. /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/ 开头；开端 at the beginning of 在……开始；反义 ending 25 improve v. /ɪmˈpruːv/ 改进；改善 improve English 提高英语；improvement n. 改进 26 physical adj. /ˈfɪzɪkl/ 身体的；物理的 physical health 身体健康；PE = physical education 27 themselves pron. /ðəmˈselvz/ 他们自己 反身代词；by themselves 他们独自 28 own adj. /əʊn/ 自己的 v. 拥有 one's own 自己的；owner n. 主人 29 personal adj. /ˈpɜːsənl/ 个人的；私人的 person n. 人；personal information 个人信息 30 relationship n. /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ 关系 relationship between...and... ……和……之间的关系 【词汇小练】 1. He wants to be a computer________ (program) when he grows up. 2. I'm going to________ (发送) an article to a magazine. 3. She made a New Year's________ (resolute) to exercise more. 4. We are going to________ (discussion) the plan tomorrow. 参考答案：1. programmer 2. send 3. resolution 4. discuss 重点短语 1. grow up 长大；成熟 例句：What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后想做什么？ 练一练：He wants to be a doctor when he________. 答：grows up 2. be going to 将要；打算（做某事） 例句：I'm going to study computer science. 我打算学计算机科学。 练一练：She________ (be) going to visit her grandma tomorrow. 答：is 3. want to be 想成为；想要当 例句：I want to be an engineer. 我想成为一名工程师。 练一练：What do you________ when you grow up? 答：want to be 4. be sure about 对……有把握；确信 例句：Are you sure about your decision? 你对你的决定有把握吗？ 练一练：I'm not________ the answer. 答：sure about 5. make sure 确保；查明 例句：Make sure to close the door when you leave. 离开时确保关门。 练一练：________ that you finish your homework on time. 答：Make sure 6. at the beginning of 在……开始 例句：At the beginning of the new term, we made some resolutions. 新学期开始时，我们下了一些决心。 练一练：________ the year, many people make plans. 答：At the beginning of 7. be able to 能够 例句：After years of hard work,he was able to speak English well.经过多年努力，他能说好英语了。 练一练：Will you________ come to my party? 答：be able to 8. have to do with 与……有关系；关于 例句：This question has to do with our daily life. 这个问题与我们的日常生活有关。 练一练：What does this________ your study? 答：have to do with 易混辨析 be going to / will：be going to 表计划、打算或有迹象表明将要发生；will 表临时决定、客观将来或意愿。两者都表一般将来时。 hope / wish：hope to do / hope + that从句（可能实现）；wish to do / wish sb to do / wish + that从句（虚拟语气，难实现）。 核心句式 1. be going to 表将来 结构：主语 + be(am/is/are) + going to + 动词原形 用法：表示计划、打算做某事，或根据迹象判断即将发生某事。变否定在be后加not；变疑问把be提前。 例：I'm going to visit my grandparents this weekend. 这个周末我打算去看望祖父母。 例：It's going to rain. Look at the clouds. 要下雨了，看那些云。 例：What are you going to do tomorrow? 你明天打算做什么？ 易错：be going to 后接动词原形，不能接名词；表示位置移动的词（go, come, leave）可用现在进行时表将来。 练一练：She________ (be) going to________ (learn) a foreign language next year. 答：is; learn 2. want to be / be going to be 结构：want to be + 职业名词，意为“想成为……”；be going to be + 职业名词，意为“打算成为……” 用法：用于谈论未来的职业理想。want to be 表愿望，be going to be 表有计划的打算。 例：I want to be a scientist when I grow up. 我长大后想成为一名科学家。 例：She is going to be a doctor. She studies medicine every day. 她打算当医生，每天都学医。 易错：职业名词前用 a/an；疑问句用 What do you want to be? / What are you going to be? 练一练：—What________ you want to be? —I want to be________ engineer. 答：do; an 语法全解 一般将来时：be going to 【例句】 · I'm going to visit my uncle tomorrow. 我明天打算去看望叔叔。 · They are going to have a party this weekend. 他们这个周末打算举办聚会。 · It is going to snow tonight. 今晚要下雪了。 【讲解】 ① 定义与用法：be going to 结构表示将来，主要用于：表计划、打算做某事；表根据迹象判断即将发生某事。 ② 谓语构成：肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形。否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形。疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形？ ③ 时间标志词：tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in the future, this weekend, the day after tomorrow 等。 【注意】 · be going to 后必须接动词原形，不能直接接名词。 · 表示位置移动的动词（go, come, leave, arrive, fly）可用现在进行时表将来：I'm coming. 我就来。 【拓展】 · be going to 与 will 的区别：be going to 表计划/打算/有迹象；will 表临时决定/客观将来/意愿。 · There is going to be 表"将有"，不能说 There is going to have。 练一练：用所给动词适当形式填空：I________ (visit) my grandma next Sunday. There________ (be) a football match tomorrow. 答：am going to visit; is going to be 动词不定式作宾语 【例句】 · I want to be a teacher. 我想成为一名老师。 · She hopes to go to college. 她希望上大学。 · They decided to stay at home. 他们决定待在家里。 【讲解】 ① 定义：动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补等。本单元重点学习作宾语。 ② 常见接不定式作宾语的动词：want, hope, wish, decide, plan, expect, agree, refuse, promise, learn, choose, offer, afford, would like 等。 ③ 句型：主语 + 谓语动词 + to do sth。如：I want to go home. 我想回家。 【注意】 · 有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词，意义不同：remember to do 记得要做/remember doing 记得做过；forget to do 忘记要做/forget doing 忘记做过；stop to do 停下来去做/stop doing 停止做。 · help 后接不定式可省略 to：help (to) do sth。 【拓展】 · "疑问词 + 不定式"可作宾语：I don't know what to do. 我不知道做什么。Can you tell me how to get there? 你能告诉我怎么去那里吗？ · make/let/have 后接不带to的不定式作宾补：make sb do sth 让某人做某事。 练一练：用所给动词适当形式填空：I want________ (be) a doctor. She decided________ (study) abroad. He hopes________ (pass) the exam. 答：to be; to study; to pass 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $