绳墨荆楚——法律常识与法治意识（人与社会·法治建设）湖北特色 创新讲义-2027届高考英语一轮复习专项

绳墨荆楚 ——法律常识与法治意识（人与社会·法治建设） 湖北特色一轮创新讲义 第一部分　荆楚启航 一、讲义定位 【课标主题】人与社会·法治建设——法律常识、公民权利与义务、违法与犯罪、法律援助、法治精神。 【高考考向】这个主题，阅读爱考法律与道德、青少年法治、网络隐私这类议论文；语法填空躲不开被动语态、非谓语作状语和词性转换——尤其 violent→violence、tolerate→tolerance、complain→complaint 这几组年年见；写作最可能出建议信或投诉信；读后续写常落到改过自新、自首、伸张正义的桥段。 · 【仿真题实证】 仿真题（仿高考应用文题型）：假定你是李华，你校正在开展“校园安全月”活动，请你给校长写一封英文信，就如何防范校园欺凌（school bullying）提出建议。（80词左右） · 【单元知识链·人教复习串联】 必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues——道德与人文精神； 必修三 Unit 5 The Value of Money——金钱与价值观； 选必二 Unit 4 Law and Order——法律与秩序（译林版）； 选必三 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage——逆境中的勇气与正义。 · 【跨版本单元链】人教版必修三 Unit 2 Morals and Virtues；外研版选必二 Unit 1 Growing up（规则与责任）；译林版选必二 Unit 4 Law and order。 二、荆楚法治巡礼 1. 长江保护法（湖北段） · 位置：长江湖北段（三峡、荆州、武汉、黄冈等沿江城市）。 · 特色：2021年3月《长江保护法》正式实施，这是我国第一部流域专门法律。湖北是长江流经最长的省份，1061公里。十年禁渔、打击非法捕捞、治理水污染一起上，长江江豚的数量这几年逐年回升，成了生态法治的活例子。 · 标签：长江保护法 · 十年禁渔 · 生态法治。 2. 武汉知识产权法庭 · 位置：武汉东湖高新区（光谷）。 · 特色：武汉知识产权法庭是全国有分量的知识产权专门法庭，专利、商标、著作权案子都在这儿审。光谷那么多科技企业，靠的就是这个法庭撑腰。说白了，保护知识产权就是保护创新。 · 标签：知识产权法庭 · 光谷 · 创新保护。 3. 湖北省法律援助 · 位置：湖北省法律援助中心（武汉）。 · 特色：给经济困难的人免费打官司，农民工讨薪、妇女儿童维权、残疾人权益这些都管。律师义务值班，就是为了让普通人也打得起官司。法律面前人人平等，不是空话。 · 标签：法律援助 · 公益律师 · 司法公正。 4. 武汉校园欺凌防治 · 位置：武汉市各中小学、高校。 · 特色：武汉市教育局出了防治校园欺凌的实施办法，还搞了法治副校长制度——法官、检察官直接进校园。举报热线也设了，对欺凌零容忍，就是要护着未成年人，把校园搞平安。 · 标签：校园欺凌 · 法治副校长 · 未成年人保护。 5. 神农架生态立法 · 位置：湖北神农架林区。 · 特色：神农架是世界自然遗产地，湖北专门定了《神农架国家公园保护条例》。非法采伐、盗猎都严打，金丝猴这些珍稀动植物靠这个护着。绿水青山不是喊出来的，是立法立出来的。 · 标签：神农架 · 生态立法 · 世界遗产。 三、法治人物档案卡 卡片1　长江保护法执法者（湖北段） 群体构成 由长江航运公安局、湖北省农业农村厅渔政执法人员组成，在长江湖北段巡逻执法。 主要贡献 十年禁渔落地，非法捕捞严打；水污染也在治，长江生态一点点回来。江豚数量逐年回升，就是最好的成绩单。 核心词汇 ban, arrest, violence, resolve, dedicate 团队信条 共抓大保护，不搞大开发。——Protect the great river with law, not with exploitation. 卡片2　武汉知识产权法官（光谷） 群体构成 由武汉知识产权法庭法官组成，专门审理知识产权案件，为光谷科技企业提供司法保障。 主要贡献 专利、商标、著作权案子都审，光谷的科技企业有了司法保障才敢放手创新。 核心词汇 convince, compromise, negotiate, resolve, harm 团队信条 司法公正，创新护航。——Justice in court, innovation protected. 卡片3　湖北省法律援助律师（公益） 群体构成 由湖北省法律援助中心律师、公益律师组成，为经济困难群众提供免费法律服务。 主要贡献 农民工讨薪、妇女儿童维权、残疾人权益，都给免费法律帮助。普通人打得起官司，法律面前才真平等。 核心词汇 complain, tolerate, prejudice, dedicate, resolve 团队信条 法治为民，援助暖心。——Law for the people, aid with warmth. 卡片4　武汉法治副校长（校园） 群体构成 由武汉市法官、检察官、律师担任，派驻各中小学担任法治副校长。 主要贡献 法治讲座进校园，未成年人保护法讲透；欺凌防治机制建起来，举报热线通着。护着孩子，平安校园才有底。 核心词汇 warn, abandon, harm, convince, negotiate 团队信条 法治进校园，护航成长路。——Law at school, growth protected. 卡片5　神农架生态执法者（世界遗产） 群体构成 由神农架林区森林公安、自然资源执法人员组成，保护世界自然遗产。 主要贡献 非法采伐、盗猎严打，金丝猴这些珍稀物种护着。绿水青山靠立法守着，神农架就是湖北的样本。 核心词汇 ban, arrest, harm, dedicate, resolve 团队信条 守护绿水青山，传承世界遗产。——Protect green mountains, preserve world heritage. 第二部分　荆楚雅韵 引言：这一部分挑的是本话题最高频的14个词，按法律秩序、权利义务、正义解决分成三组来攻。别光背中文意思，跟着释义—搭配—重点—易错—例句—当堂练走一遍，当堂练那题先自己做再对答案。 （一）核心词汇精讲（按法治脉络 3 组，共 14 词） 第一组　法律与秩序 【重难点】1. arrest ★★★★☆ v.&n. 逮捕；拘留　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】be arrested for 因……被捕；under arrest 被逮捕；arrest sb for sth 因某事逮捕某人 【重点】arrest 可作动词或名词；被动语态 be arrested for 常考；under arrest 是介词短语。 【易错】arrest（逮捕）/ catch（抓住，泛指）/ capture（俘获）三者语境不同。 【湖北语境例句】The fisherman was arrested for illegal fishing in the Yangtze River, and he is now under arrest awaiting trial. 【译】这位渔民因在长江非法捕捞而被捕，目前正在等待审判。 【当堂训练】The fisherman, who ______ (arrest) by the police last weekend for illegal fishing, ______ (release) on bail the following Monday. 【重难点】2. ban ★★★★☆ v. 禁止　n. 禁令　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事；put a ban on sth 对……实施禁令；ban on sth 关于……的禁令 【重点】ban 后接 doing 不接 to do；被动语态 be banned from 常考；名词 ban 后接 on。 【易错】ban sb from doing（✅）/ ban sb to do（❌）；put a ban on（✅）/ make a ban on（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】Fishing has been banned in many sections of the Yangtze River for ten years, and a ban on sand mining is also being considered. 【译】长江许多河段已实施十年禁渔，同时也在考虑禁止采砂。 【当堂训练】By the end of last month, thirty shops ______ (ban) from selling cigarettes to teenagers, and more ______ (expect) to face similar punishment. 【重难点】3. violence ★★★★★ n. 暴力；猛烈　【★高考最高频】 【常考搭配】domestic violence 家庭暴力；school violence 校园暴力；do violence to 对……施暴 【重点】violence 是不可数名词；派生词 violent adj.（暴力的）/ violently adv.（猛烈地）；语法填空年年考词性转换。 【易错】violence（名词）/ violent（形容词）/ violently（副词）三者词性不要混淆。 【湖北语境例句】The school has taken strict measures to prevent school violence, and the violent scenes in the playground have decreased significantly. 【译】学校已采取严格措施防止校园暴力，操场上的暴力场景显著减少。 【当堂训练】The police were determined to put an end to the ______ (violent) that ______ (trouble) the campus for months before a new rule ______ (pass). 【重难点】4. compromise ★★★☆☆ n.&v. 妥协；折中 【常考搭配】reach a compromise with sb on sth 与某人就某事达成妥协；make a compromise 做出妥协 【重点】compromise 可作名词或动词；写作中可替换普通表达；介词 on 后接争议事项。 【易错】reach a compromise on（✅）/ reach a compromise about（❌，on 更正式）。 【湖北语境例句】After a long negotiation, the fishermen and the local government reached a compromise on the ten-year fishing ban. 【译】经过长时间协商，渔民和地方政府就十年禁渔达成了妥协。 【当堂训练】Neither side was willing to give in, and as a result no compromise ______ (reach), ______ (leave) the dispute unsettled for months. 第二组　权利与义务 【重难点】5. tolerate ★★★★☆ v. 容忍；忍受　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】tolerate doing sth 容忍做某事；tolerance n. 容忍；tolerant adj. 宽容的 be tolerant of 【重点】tolerate 后接 doing 不接 to do；被动语态 will not be tolerated 常考；写作中可替换 stand/bear。 【易错】tolerate doing（✅）/ tolerate to do（❌）；be tolerant of（✅）/ be tolerant to（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】The school will not tolerate bullying of any kind, and students who are tolerant of such behavior are also encouraged to report it. 【译】学校不会容忍任何形式的欺凌，同时也鼓励对这种行为宽容的学生举报。 【当堂训练】Rude behavior in the museum, if ______ (tolerate), will only encourage more visitors ______ (ignore) the rules. 【重难点】6. complain ★★★★☆ v. 投诉；抱怨　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】complain to sb about/of sth 向某人投诉某事；complaint n. 投诉 make a complaint 【重点】complain 是动词，complaint 是名词；写作中投诉信常考；词性转换是语法填空高频。 【易错】complain to sb about（✅）；make a complaint（✅）/ make a complain（❌，complain 是动词）。 【湖北语境例句】Residents have complained to the police about the noise from the bar near the Yellow Crane Tower, and several formal complaints have been received. 【译】居民已向警方投诉黄鹤楼附近酒吧的噪音，警方已收到多起正式投诉。 【当堂训练】After ______ (complain) to the manager twice without any response, she wrote a formal letter of ______ (complain) to the local newspaper. 【重难点】7. negotiate ★★★☆☆ v. 谈判；协商 【常考搭配】negotiate with sb about/over sth 与某人协商某事；negotiation n. 谈判 under negotiation 在协商中 【重点】negotiate 是动词，negotiation 是名词；介词 with/about/over 搭配；写作中可替换 discuss。 【易错】negotiate with sb about（✅）；under negotiation（✅，无冠词）/ under a negotiation（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】The two sides are negotiating with the local government about the compensation for the fishing ban, and the negotiation has lasted for two months. 【译】双方正与地方政府协商禁渔补偿事宜，谈判已持续两个月。 【当堂训练】The two villages finally settled the boundary dispute after months of ______ (negotiate), during which both sides ______ (make) several concessions. 【重难点】8. prejudice ★★★☆☆ n. 偏见　v. 使有偏见 【常考搭配】be prejudiced against 对……有偏见；prejudice against 对……的偏见；fight against prejudice 反对偏见 【重点】prejudice 可作名词或动词；be prejudiced against 是固定搭配；写作中常考反对偏见主题。 【易错】prejudice against（✅）/ prejudice to（❌）；be prejudiced against（✅）/ be prejudiced of（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】We should fight against prejudice against people who have served their sentences, because everyone deserves a second chance, just as the Yangtze River gives fish a second chance. 【译】我们应该反对对刑满释放人员的偏见，因为每个人都应该获得第二次机会，就像长江给了鱼类第二次机会一样。 【当堂训练】People who are prejudiced ______ others often fail to see their good qualities, and such prejudice is hard ______ (remove) once it takes root. 第三组　正义与解决 【重难点】9. convince ★★★★☆ v. 说服；使信服　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事；convince sb that 使某人相信；be convinced that 坚信；convincing adj. 令人信服的（修饰事物）；convinced adj. 确信的（修饰人） 【重点】convinced（修饰人）与 convincing（修饰事物）辨析，语法填空高频；写作中可替换 persuade。 【易错】convincing（事物令人信服）/ convinced（人感到信服），二者不要混淆。 【湖北语境例句】It took several hours of negotiation to convince the fishermen that the ban would help the river recover, and in the end they gave a convincing promise to cooperate. 【译】经过数小时协商，才让渔民相信禁渔有助于河流恢复，最终他们做出了令人信服的合作承诺。 【当堂训练】It took hours of negotiation ______ (convince) him that he was wrong, and his ______ (convince) apology finally won everyone's forgiveness. 【重难点】10. abandon ★★★★☆ v. 放弃；抛弃　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】abandon doing sth 放弃做某事；abandon oneself to 沉湎于；abandoned adj. 被遗弃的 【重点】abandoned 过去分词作状语是常考结构；abandon oneself to 中 to 是介词；写作中可替换 give up。 【易错】abandon oneself to doing（✅，to 是介词）；abandon doing（✅）/ abandon to do（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】Abandoned by illegal fishermen decades ago, the finless porpoise is now protected by law, and its population has begun to recover. 【译】长江江豚在几十年前因非法捕捞而数量锐减，现在受到法律保护，种群数量开始恢复。 【当堂训练】______ (abandon) by the driver in the heavy snow, the tourists had no choice but ______ (walk) miles to the nearest village. 【重难点】11. harm ★★★★☆ v.&n. 伤害；危害　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】do harm to 对……有害；harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to；harmless adj. 无害的 【重点】do harm to 是固定搭配；harm→harmful 词性转换常考；写作中可替换 hurt/injure。 【易错】do harm to（✅）/ do harm for（❌）；harmful to（✅）/ harmful for（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】Dumping waste water into the Yangtze River will do great harm to the ecosystem, and long-term pollution is equally harmful to people's health. 【译】向长江倾倒废水会对生态系统造成极大危害，长期污染对人体健康同样有害。 【当堂训练】The storm swept through the coastal town, ______ (harm) several historic buildings, but fortunately no one was ______ (harm). 【重难点】12. warn ★★★☆☆ v. 警告；告诫 【常考搭配】warn sb of/about sth 警告某人某事；warn sb (not) to do sth 警告某人（不要）做某事；warn against doing sth 警告不要做某事；warning n. 警告 【重点】warn sb not to do 与 warn against doing 两种结构互换，语法填空常考；写作中可替换 tell/caution。 【易错】warn sb not to do（✅）/ warn sb against doing（✅，二者同义）。 【湖北语境例句】The sign warned visitors of the dangerous waters near the Yellow Crane Tower, and a warning was also broadcast over the loudspeaker. 【译】警示牌警告游客黄鹤楼附近水域危险，广播也发布了警告。 【当堂训练】The weather bureau warned fishermen ______ (not go) out to sea, ______ (say) that the storm would reach the coast within hours. 【重难点】13. dedicate ★★★☆☆ v. 致力于；奉献 【常考搭配】dedicate…to… 致力于……（to 为介词，后接 doing）；dedication n. 奉献；dedicated adj. 专注的 be dedicated to 【重点】dedicate…to… 中 to 是介词接 doing，语法填空年年挖坑；写作中可替换 devote。 【易错】dedicate oneself to doing（✅，to 是介词）/ dedicate oneself to do（❌）。 【湖北语境例句】After retiring, the old judge dedicated himself to providing legal aid for poor people in Wuhan, and his dedication won high praise. 【译】退休后，这位老法官致力于为武汉的贫困群众提供法律援助，他的奉献精神赢得了高度赞扬。 【当堂训练】______ (dedicate) to protecting the Yangtze River for over thirty years, he ______ (award) the title of Outstanding Environmentalist last year. 【重难点】14. resolve ★★★★☆ v. 解决；决定　【★高考高频】 【常考搭配】resolve a conflict/dispute/problem 解决冲突/争端/问题；resolution n. 决心；resolve to do sth 决心做某事 【重点】resolve 是动词，resolution 是名词；写作中可替换 solve/settle；resolve to do 表决心。 【易错】resolve a conflict（✅）/ solve a conflict（✅，二者同义，resolve 更正式）。 【湖北语境例句】Different groups living along the Yangtze had to deal with unfamiliar behaviours and resolve conflicts through dialogue rather than force, just as the law requires. 【译】长江沿岸不同群体必须通过对话而非武力解决冲突，正如法律所要求的那样。 【当堂训练】The negotiation, ______ (last) three long days, finally helped the two sides ______ (resolve) the disagreement peacefully. （二）词形变化（语法填空词性转换常考） 词根/词 动词 名词 形容词/其他 violence — violence 暴力 violent 暴力的；violently adv. complain complain 投诉 complaint 投诉 — tolerate tolerate 容忍 tolerance 容忍 tolerant 宽容的 negotiate negotiate 谈判 negotiation 谈判 — prejudice prejudice 使有偏见 prejudice 偏见 prejudiced 有偏见的 convince convince 说服 conviction 坚信 convinced 确信的；convincing 令人信服的 dedicate dedicate 致力于 dedication 奉献 dedicated 专注的 arrest arrest 逮捕 arrest 逮捕 arrested 被逮捕的 ban ban 禁止 ban 禁令 banned 被禁止的 harm harm 伤害 harm 伤害 harmful 有害的；harmless 无害的 warn warn 警告 warning 警告 — resolve resolve 解决 resolution 决心 — （三）重点语块（31 个） 表1　教材短语 · obey the law 守法 · break the law 违法 · commit a crime 犯罪 · make a complaint 投诉 · turn oneself in 自首 · take action 采取行动 表2　写作词块 · be arrested for 因……被捕 · under arrest 被逮捕 · domestic violence 家庭暴力 · make a compromise 达成妥协 · in conflict with 与……冲突 · without permission 未经允许 · be guilty of 有……罪 · fight against prejudice 反对偏见 · do harm to 伤害 · resolve a conflict 解决冲突 · regardless of 不管不顾 · legal awareness 法治意识 表3　荆楚法治语块（湖北特色） · Yangtze River Protection Law 长江保护法 · ten-year fishing ban 十年禁渔 · Wuhan Intellectual Property Court 武汉知识产权法庭 · Hubei Legal Aid 湖北法律援助 · campus bullying prevention 校园欺凌防治 · Shennongjia Nature Reserve 神农架自然保护区 · finless porpoise protection 江豚保护 （四）重点句型（5 个，含仿写题）★写作必背 句式1：It is no wonder that… 难怪…… 拓展例句：It is no wonder that the Yangtze River Protection Law is widely supported, since it has brought the finless porpoise back from the edge of extinction. 湖北仿写：难怪这条江边绿道这么受市民欢迎——它是武汉人夏天傍晚最爱去的地方。 【仿写】______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the riverside greenway is so popular among locals. 句式2：see 见证（时间/地点作主语，拟人） 拓展例句：The year 2021 saw the implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law, which marked a new era of ecological governance. 湖北仿写：2020年见证了武汉这座城市最艰难也最勇敢的一段日子。 【仿写】The year 2020 ______ Wuhan's toughest and bravest days. 句式3：独立主格结构 拓展例句：The old courthouse stood in the center of Wuhan, its doors closed and its windows covered with dust for years. 湖北仿写：没有国家立法的保护，长江里的珍稀鱼类可能早已消失。 【仿写】______ ______ ______ ______, the rare fish in the Yangtze River would have disappeared long ago. 句式4：have sth done 使某事被做 拓展例句：The government has had security cameras installed all over Wuhan, and has strengthened legal awareness campaigns in schools. 湖北仿写：政府已在全市安装了监控摄像头，并加强了法治宣传。 【仿写】The government ______ security cameras ______ all over the city, and strengthened legal awareness campaigns. 句式5：there be + n. + to do 有……需要做 拓展例句：In a society ruled by law, there are always laws to obey and rights to protect, just as there are always rules to follow in a school. 湖北仿写：在法治社会里，总有法律需要遵守，权利需要维护。 【仿写】In a society ruled by law, ______ ______ always laws ______ ______ and rights to protect. （五）重点语法——被动语态与非谓语动词 ★本话题核心语法 1. 被动语态（法律文本高频）： ① 一般现在时被动：Fishing is banned in many sections of the Yangtze River. ② 一般过去时被动：The new law was brought into effect in early 2021. ③ 现在完成时被动：The number of finless porpoises has begun to rise again since the ban was introduced. 2. 非谓语动词作状语： ① 过去分词作状语：Abandoned by illegal fishermen decades ago, the finless porpoise is now protected by law. ② 现在分词作状语：The police were determined to put an end to the violence troubling the campus for months. ③ 不定式作目的状语：The law also asks local governments to take action to protect the rare fish. 3. 与写作联动（3 个例句）： It is no wonder that the Yangtze River Protection Law is widely supported by local residents. The year 2021 saw the implementation of a new law to protect the Yangtze River basin. The government has had security cameras installed all over the city to prevent crime. 第三部分　荆楚品鉴（默写检测） 这部分拿荆楚法治当背景，把前面的词块、派生词、短语和语法考点都串起来考，另加熟词生义和词根构词。先闭卷自己做，做完再翻最后一部分对答案。 A组　基础体验 （一）核心词块默写（24题，中译英） 根据中文提示，在横线上写出本单元对应的英文语块。 1. 守法　________________________________ 2. 违法　________________________________ 3. 犯罪　________________________________ 4. 投诉　________________________________ 5. 自首　________________________________ 6. 采取行动　________________________________ 7. 因……被捕　________________________________ 8. 被逮捕　________________________________ 9. 家庭暴力　________________________________ 10. 达成妥协　________________________________ 11. 与……冲突　________________________________ 12. 未经允许　________________________________ 13. 有……罪　________________________________ 14. 反对偏见　________________________________ 15. 伤害　________________________________ 16. 解决冲突　________________________________ 17. 不管不顾　________________________________ 18. 法治意识　________________________________ 19. 长江保护法　________________________________ 20. 十年禁渔　________________________________ 21. 武汉知识产权法庭　________________________________ 22. 湖北法律援助　________________________________ 23. 校园欺凌防治　________________________________ 24. 江豚保护　________________________________ （二）派生词默写（14题，复合句语境填空） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使句子通顺、语法正确。 1. The police ______ (arrest) the suspect last night outside Wuhan Railway Station, and he is now under ______ (arrest) for theft. 2. The government ______ (ban) the sale of single-use plastics along the Yangtze, and this ______ (ban) has greatly reduced river pollution. 3. The school has a zero-tolerance policy against ______ (violent), and any ______ (violence) behavior toward classmates will result in suspension. 4. After hours of heated negotiation, both sides reached a ______ (compromise), and the ______ (compromise) solution was accepted by all parties. 5. The museum will not ______ (tolerate) any damage to cultural relics, and visitors who show ______ (tolerate) of such behavior will be asked to leave. 6. She ______ (complain) to the police about the noise from the bar, and her formal ______ (complain) led to an immediate investigation. 7. The two sides ______ (negotiate) for over a month, and finally the ______ (negotiate) produced a fair compensation agreement for fishermen. 8. We should fight against ______ (prejudice) against former prisoners, because ______ (prejudice) attitudes prevent them from rebuilding their lives. 9. The defense lawyer ______ (convince) the jury of his client's innocence, and his ______ (convince) argument changed everyone's mind in the courtroom. 10. ______ (abandon) by his family after the legal trouble, the young man had to rebuild his life from scratch, and he ______ (abandon) himself to hard work. 11. The untreated waste water ______ (harm) the Yangtze ecosystem for years, and the ______ (harm) effects will take decades to recover. 12. The traffic police ______ (warn) drivers of the icy bridge conditions, and this ______ (warn) prevented several serious accidents. 13. The retired judge ______ (dedicate) his later years to providing legal aid in Wuhan, and his ______ (dedicate) earned him widespread public respect. 14. After months of mediation, they finally ______ (resolve) the land dispute, and this peaceful ______ (resolve) set a good example for other communities. （三）短语填空（6题，方框选词，正确形式填空） 从方框中选择恰当的短语，并用其正确形式填空。 方框：obey the law / break the law / commit a crime / make a complaint / turn oneself in / take action 1. Every citizen has a duty to ______, and those who ______ should expect to face legal consequences.　________________________________ 2. If you witness someone ______ on the Yangtze River, you should report it immediately rather than remain silent.　________________________________ 3. When residents are unhappy with noise pollution near the Yellow Crane Tower, they can ______ to the police.　________________________________ 4. After realizing his mistake, the fisherman decided to ______ to the police and confess his illegal fishing.　________________________________ 5. The government must ______ to protect the finless porpoise before the species disappears forever.　________________________________ 6. Even well-educated people can ______ if they are not careful about ethical boundaries.　________________________________ （四）单句语法填空（10题，高考长难句） 在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 1. ______ is no wonder that the Yangtze River Protection Law is widely supported, since it has brought the finless porpoise back from the edge of extinction. 2. The year 2021 ______ (see) the implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law, which marked a new era of ecological governance. 3. The fact ______ the Yangtze River Protection Law has been in effect for over three years shows the government's determination to protect the river. 4. The Wuhan Intellectual Property Court, ______ was established in 2019, has become an important base for intellectual property protection in central China. 5. The law is not only a set of rules ______ also a tool to protect people's rights and interests. 6. It is important ______ (understand) the law to protect our own rights, otherwise we may unknowingly break it. 7. ______ (dedicate) to protecting the Yangtze River for decades, the old fisherman has become a symbol of ecological awareness in Hubei. 8. The Yangtze River, ______ runs through eleven provinces, is the longest river in China and now has its own protection law. 9. Not until the new law ______ (pass) ______ illegal fishing effectively stopped in the river. 10. The main characteristic of the Yangtze River Protection Law ______ (be) its comprehensive approach, covering water quality, biodiversity, and economic development. （五）完成句子（3题，根据中文和括号提示完成英文句子） 1. 难怪长江保护法受到广泛支持，因为它让江豚从灭绝边缘回来了。（it作形式主语） ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 2021年见证了长江保护法的实施，标志着生态治理的新时代。（see 见证） ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 武汉知识产权法庭是全国知识产权保护的重要基地，激发了无数创新。（which引导非限制性定语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________ B组　进阶体验 ★二轮升格 （一）熟词生义（5题，目标词已黑体标注） 写出句中黑体词的生义（用中文作答）。 1. The bright warning sign arrested the driver's attention before he reached the restricted area. （生义：____________） 2. Smoking and drunk driving can compromise your health and your legal record. （生义：____________） 3. The false report about the lawyer may prejudice the jury against his client. （生义：____________） 4. After losing the case, he abandoned himself to despair for months. （生义：____________） 5. The judge dedicated her latest book to all the legal aid workers in Wuhan. （生义：____________） （二）词根构词（5题，-ism / -ist 后缀“主义者/……主义”，目标词已黑体标注） 写出句中黑体词的含义（用中文作答）。 1. Legal realism argues that law is shaped by social reality, not just written rules. （含义：____________） 2. The idea of “rule of law” is the foundation of Chinese legalism. （含义：____________） 3. The Wuhan lawyer is one of the greatest humanist advocates for legal aid. （含义：____________） 4. Constitutionalism emphasizes that government power must be limited by law. （含义：____________） 5. The environmentalism movement in China began with the Yangtze River Protection Law. （含义：____________） （三）完成句子（6题，高考复合句难度） 根据中文和括号内的语法提示完成英文句子。 1. 虽然长江保护法实施仅三年，但它已经让长江生态发生了显著变化。（though 让步状语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 武汉知识产权法庭不仅保护了创新，也为全国树立了榜样。（not only...but also...） ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 正是在十年禁渔实施后，长江江豚的数量才开始回升。（强调句） ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 法律援助的意义如此之大——让穷人打得起官司、让弱者得到保护——以至于它被称为“法治的阳光”。（such...that...） ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 随着长江水质逐年改善，沿岸城市的居民们也开始享受更好的生态环境。（with 复合结构） ________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 除非每个人都有法治意识，否则再好的法律也难以真正落实。（unless） ________________________________________________________________________________ （四）一句多译（5题，每版本留1行空白答题区） 将下列中文句子译成英文，每句按括号要求用两种不同句型翻译，各占一行。 1. 难怪长江保护法受到广泛支持。 （版本一：it作形式主语） ________________________________________________________________________________ （版本二：what引导主语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 武汉知识产权法庭是全国知识产权保护的重要基地。 （版本一：which引导非限制性定语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________ （版本二：分词作定语） ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 法律援助的意义如此之大，以至于它被称为“法治的阳光”。 （版本一：such...that...） ________________________________________________________________________________ （版本二：so...that...） ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 正是在十年禁渔实施后，长江江豚的数量才开始回升。 （版本一：It is...that... 强调句） ________________________________________________________________________________ （版本二：When 引导的状语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 长江保护法改善了水质，使沿岸居民受益。 （版本一：现在分词作状语） ________________________________________________________________________________ （版本二：定语从句） ________________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分　荆楚抒怀（写作板块） （一）应用文——仿高考真题·建议信 【题目内容】 你校正在开展“校园安全月”活动。请你以李华的身份给校长写一封英文信，就如何防范校园欺凌（school bullying）提出建议。 内容包括：1. 你观察到的问题；2. 两条具体建议。 注意：写作词数应为 80 个左右。 1. 审题三问 · 校长收信（语气正式、礼貌、有建设性）。 · 问题描述 + 两条建议，三个要点缺一不可。 · 建议信格式，有称呼、正文、落款。 思考： ① 选哪个角度最有湖北特色？（武汉校园欺凌防治 / 法治副校长制度 / 举报热线） ② 如何用高级句型（被动语态、非谓语、定语从句）让文章更出彩？ ③ 如何把湖北法治元素自然融入，而不是生硬堆砌？ 2. 湖北特色满分范文（拔高版约 110 词，可直接背诵；考场可删减至 80 词左右） Dear Principal, I am Li Hua, a student from Grade 11. I am writing to share my suggestions on preventing school bullying during our “Campus Safety Month”. Recently, I have noticed that some smaller students are being laughed at and isolated by a few older boys, which has made them afraid to go to school. To solve this problem, I have two suggestions. First, the school should set up a reporting hotline so that students who are being bullied can ask for help in time. Second, we should invite a legal officer from Wuhan to give a lecture on anti-bullying laws, making it clear that bullying is against the school rules. I hope my suggestions will be of some help. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 3. 范文解析（从范文中归纳写作模板） 实际词数：正文约 110 词，是高分档作文（80词只是下限，写到100—110词、不超120词更稳妥）；被动语态、which定语从句、现在分词作状语都自然嵌进去了。 高级句型自查： ① some smaller students are being laughed at and isolated（现在进行时被动语态） ② which has made them afraid to go to school（which 引导非限制性定语从句） ③ making it clear that bullying is against the school rules（现在分词作状语） 湖北元素：武汉法治讲座、校园安全月（Wuhan, legal officer, anti-bullying）。 4. 从范文归纳的万能模板（替换括号内内容即可背诵） Dear Principal, I am Li Hua, a student from Grade 11. I am writing to share my suggestions on [主题] during our [活动名称]. Recently, I have noticed that [问题描述], which has [影响]. To solve this problem, I have two suggestions. First, the school should [建议一] so that [目的]. Second, we should [建议二], making it clear that [意义]. I hope my suggestions will be of some help. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 模板说明：方括号 [ ] 内为可替换内容；模板结构=开头点题→问题描述→两条建议→结尾总结。 5. 句子升级训练 句1 · 简单句：There is a problem in our school. · 升级一（加原因）：There is a problem in our school because some students are being bullied. · 升级二（被动+定语从句）：Some smaller students are being laughed at and isolated by a few older boys, which has made them afraid to go to school. · 升级要点：被动语态描述问题，which 定语从句说影响。 句2 · 简单句：We should make rules. · 升级一（加内容）：We should make rules to prevent bullying. · 升级二（分词+宾语从句）：We should invite a legal officer to give a lecture, making it clear that bullying is against the school rules. · 升级要点：现在分词作状语 + that 宾语从句。 6. 框架仿写 新话题：你校正在开展“法治校园”活动。请写一封 80 词左右的英文建议信，就如何增强学生法治意识提出建议。 框架提示（不挖空，请自主成文）： · 开头：用 I am writing to share my suggestions on... 引入。 · 主体：用被动语态描述问题，用 which 定语从句说影响，用现在分词作状语说建议。 · 结尾：用 I hope my suggestions will be of some help. 总结。 （二）读后续写微技能——改过自新“动作—情感—环境”语块 不做篇章写作，先把“动作—情感—环境”三类改过自新描写语块练熟，再在完成句子中融会贯通。 1. 动作描写语块（6个） · turn himself in to the police 自首 · hang his head in shame 羞愧低头 · whisper to oneself 自言自语 · kneel down before the judge 跪在法官面前 · write a letter of apology 写道歉信 · give himself up to the authorities 向当局自首 2. 情感描写语块（6个） · be buried in regret 满怀遗憾 · feel guilty about 对……内疚 · an urge to apologize 想道歉的冲动 · a sense of shame 羞愧感 · a desire to make amends 想要弥补的愿望 · relief after confession 坦白后的解脱 3. 环境描写语块（6个） · the cold courthouse 冰冷的法院 · the dim prison cell 昏暗的牢房 · the empty street at dawn 黎明时空荡的街道 · the heavy rain pouring outside 外面倾盆大雨 · the judge's stern voice 法官严厉的声音 · the victim's tearful eyes 受害者含泪的双眼 4. 金句（可直接迁移进读后续写） 1. Filled with regret, he sat by the window, staring at the empty street without saying a word, knowing that he must turn himself in before dawn. 2. Kneeling down before the judge, he buried his face in his hands, his voice trembling as he confessed the crime he had committed. 3. Walking out of the courthouse after the sentence, he felt a strange sense of relief—at last, he could face the world honestly. 第五部分　荆楚余韵（答案与解析） 一、14 个核心词汇·当堂训练答案 1.【答案】was arrested; was released 2.【答案】had been banned; are expected 3.【答案】violence; had troubled; was passed 4.【答案】was reached; leaving 5.【答案】tolerated; to ignore 6.【答案】complaining; complaint 7.【答案】negotiation; made 8.【答案】against; to remove 9.【答案】to convince; convincing 10.【答案】Abandoned; to walk 11.【答案】harming; harmed 12.【答案】not to go; saying 13.【答案】Dedicated; was awarded 14.【答案】lasting; (to) resolve 二、5 个重点句型·仿写参考答案 句式1：【参考答案】It is no wonder that 句式2：【参考答案】saw 句式3：【参考答案】No law protecting them 句式4：【参考答案】had; installed 句式5：【参考答案】there are; to obey 三、A组答案 1. 核心词块默写（24题） 1. obey the law 2. break the law 3. commit a crime 4. make a complaint 5. turn oneself in 6. take action 7. be arrested for 8. under arrest 9. domestic violence 10. make a compromise 11. in conflict with 12. without permission 13. be guilty of 14. fight against prejudice 15. do harm to 16. resolve a conflict 17. regardless of 18. legal awareness 19. Yangtze River Protection Law 20. ten-year fishing ban 21. Wuhan Intellectual Property Court 22. Hubei Legal Aid 23. campus bullying prevention 24. finless porpoise protection 2. 派生词默写（14题） 1.【答案】arrested; arrest 2.【答案】has banned; ban 3.【答案】violence; violent 4.【答案】compromise; compromised 5.【答案】tolerate; tolerance 6.【答案】complained; complaint 7.【答案】negotiated; negotiation 8.【答案】prejudice; prejudiced 9.【答案】convinced; convincing 10.【答案】Abandoned; abandoned 11.【答案】has harmed; harmful 12.【答案】warned; warning 13.【答案】dedicated; dedication 14.【答案】resolved; resolution 3. 短语填空（6题） 1.【答案】obey the law; break the law 2.【答案】committing a crime 3.【答案】make a complaint 4.【答案】turn himself in 5.【答案】take action 6.【答案】break the law 4. 单句语法填空（10题） 1.【答案】It 2.【答案】saw 3.【答案】that 4.【答案】which 5.【答案】but 6.【答案】to understand 7.【答案】Dedicated 8.【答案】which 9.【答案】was passed; did 10.【答案】is 5. 完成句子（3题） 1.【答案】It is no wonder that the Yangtze River Protection Law is widely supported, since it has brought the finless porpoise back from the edge of extinction. 2.【答案】The year 2021 saw the implementation of the Yangtze River Protection Law, which marked a new era of ecological governance. 3.【答案】The Wuhan Intellectual Property Court, which has inspired countless innovations, is an important base for intellectual property protection in China. 四、B组答案 1. 熟词生义（5题） 1. arrest：吸引（注意力）。【线索】arrested the driver's attention 提示是“吸引注意力”，而非“逮捕”。 2. compromise：危及；损害。【线索】compromise your health and your legal record 提示是“损害”。 3. prejudice：使有偏见；损害。【线索】prejudice the jury against his client 提示是“使陪审团有偏见”。 4. abandon：沉湎于。【线索】abandoned himself to despair 提示是“沉湎于绝望”。 5. dedicate：题献（著作）。【线索】dedicated her latest book to... 提示是“题献书籍”。 2. 词根构词（5题，-ism/ist＝主义/主义者） 1. realism：现实主义（法律现实主义）。 2. legalism：法治主义；法家思想。 3. humanist：人道主义的；人道主义者。 4. Constitutionalism：宪政主义；立宪主义。 5. environmentalism：环保主义。 3. 完成句子（6题） 1.【答案】Though the Yangtze River Protection Law has been in effect for only three years, it has already brought significant changes to the river's ecosystem. 2.【答案】The Wuhan Intellectual Property Court has not only protected innovation but also set an example for the whole country. 3.【答案】It was after the ten-year fishing ban was implemented that the number of finless porpoises began to rise. 4.【答案】Legal aid is such a great thing—helping the poor afford lawsuits, protecting the weak—that it is called “the sunshine of the rule of law”. 5.【答案】With the water quality of the Yangtze River improving year by year, residents along the river are beginning to enjoy a better ecological environment. 6.【答案】Unless everyone has legal awareness, no matter how good the law is, it will be difficult to truly implement it. 4. 一句多译（5题，参考译文） 1. · It is no wonder that the Yangtze River Protection Law is widely supported. · What is not surprising is that the Yangtze River Protection Law is widely supported among local residents. 2. · The Wuhan Intellectual Property Court, which has inspired countless innovations, is an important base for intellectual property protection in China. · The Wuhan Intellectual Property Court, inspiring countless innovations, is an important base for intellectual property protection in China. 3. · Legal aid is such a great thing that it is called “the sunshine of the rule of law”. · Legal aid is so great that it is called “the sunshine of the rule of law”. 4. · It was after the ten-year fishing ban was implemented that the number of finless porpoises began to rise. · When the ten-year fishing ban was implemented, the number of finless porpoises began to rise. 5. · The Yangtze River Protection Law has improved water quality, benefiting residents along the river. · The Yangtze River Protection Law, which has improved water quality, has benefited residents along the river. 五、写作板块答案 1. 应用文范文词数：正文约 110 词，高分档（80词只是下限，100—110词不超120更稳）；现在进行时被动、which非限制性定语从句、现在分词作状语都嵌进去了；武汉、法治讲座、校园安全月这些湖北元素也齐。 2. 框架仿写参考思路：开头用 I am writing to share my suggestions on...；主体用被动语态描述问题、which 定语从句说影响、现在分词作状语说建议；结尾用 I hope my suggestions will be of some help. 总结。可用语块：legal awareness / rule of law / anti-bullying / reporting hotline / campus safety。 3. 读后续写金句：动作—情感—环境三类语块各 6 个，金句 3 个已嵌入法院、自首、坦白后解脱场景。 —— 全文完 —— 本讲义所有例句、习题均以荆楚法治建设（长江保护法、武汉知识产权法庭、湖北法律援助、校园欺凌防治、神农架生态立法等）为背景原创改编，适用于课堂教学。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $