Unit 3 Grammar 教学设计 2026-2027学年英语译林版八年级上册

Unit 3 To be a good learner Grammar 课　　题 Unit 3 To be a good learner — Grammar 课　　型 语法课（Grammar） 课　　时 第三课时（45分钟） 授课年级 八年级上册 教　　材 译林版（2024）英语八年级上册 话　　题 副词比较级与最高级、反身代词——比一比谁学得更好 核心素养目标 语言能力 掌握副词比较级/最高级构成规则及反身代词用法，能在语境中正确运用。 文化意识 了解学习方式差异，树立积极学习态度与终身学习理念。 学习能力 通过观察对比自主归纳语法规律，提升合作与自学能力。 思维品质 通过观察对比归纳语法规律，培养分析概括能力。 教学重点 ①副词比较级与最高级的构成规则（单音节 -er/-est；多音节 more/most）及用法（两者 than／三者以上 the）②反身代词的基本形式（八形式）与作宾语、强调两种用法 教学难点 ①不规则副词变化形式的准确运用（badly→worse→the worst、far→farther/further→the farthest/the furthest）②语境中正确区分反身代词作宾语与强调用法；反身代词不能单独作主语 教学过程 教学环节 教师活动 学生活动 导入 Warm-up Free talk：Look at the pictures. How do they go to school? Who goes to school fast? Who goes faster? Who goes the fastest?——slowly→fast→fastest 三级递进。 点破：比「快」用的是副词——walk fast（走得快）、walk faster（走得更快）、walk (the) fastest（走得最快）。 看图比较上学方式的快慢； 初步感知副词三级变化。 三句阅读 Sentence study Read the sentences and pay attention to the comparative and superlative adverbs：1 Sandy reads 30 pages in one hour. She reads fast. 2 Amy reads 35 pages in one hour. She reads faster than Sandy. 3 Millie reads 40 pages in one hour. She reads the fastest among the three.→Millie reads faster than the other two students. 点破：比较级句中出现 than、最高级句中出现 among the three——数字线索定级，先数人数再定级。 朗读三句并圈出 fast/faster/the fastest； 发现 than 与 among 的标记作用。 用法定调 Usage rules We use comparative adverbs to compare two actions or performances; we use superlative adverbs to compare three or more actions or performances.（比较级比两个，最高级比三个及以上。） 搭配标记：比较级常与 than 连用；最高级常与 the 连用——注：副词最高级前的 the 可省略（Millie reads (the) fastest among the three.）。对比形容词最高级必须带 the（the tallest boy）。 归纳「见 than 用比较级、见 among/of the three 用最高级」； 辨析副词最高级 the 可省与形容词最高级 the 必须带的边界。 构成规则 Formation 副词比较级和最高级的构成方法与形容词基本相同：大多数单音节词词后加 -er/-est——hard→harder→hardest；low→lower→lowest；high→higher→highest；部分双音节词和多音节词前加 more/most——quickly→more quickly→the most quickly；carefully→more carefully→the most carefully。 朗读构成表并按词长分类； 记忆 early/late 的特殊变化。 不规则变化 Irregular forms 常见的副词不规则变化：well→better→the best（好）；badly→worse→the worst（坏）；much→more→the most（多）；little→less→the least（少）；far→farther/further→the farthest/the furthest（远）。 注意：有些词既可用作形容词又可用作副词，如 far、fast、hard、high、late、long 和 well——作副词时比较级最高级形式与作形容词时相同。far 记两条线：farther/farthest 偏距离、further/furthest 偏程度（further study 深造）。 五词特记并配对记忆（好与坏/多与少/远）； 辨析 farther 与 further 的使用场景。 九空实战 Controlled practice Millie is writing about her classmates' performance at school. Complete her sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets：1 Suzy learns (1) fast. She learns (2) faster than any other student in my class. She learns (3) (the) fastest of us all. 2 Daniel thinks (1) actively. He thinks (2) more actively than any of my other classmates. He thinks (3) (the) most actively in my class. 3 David works (1) hard. He works (2) harder than all my other classmates. He works (3) (the) hardest in my class. 点破：每组同一套路——原级单句陈述→比较级+than any other...→最高级+of us all/in my class；fast/hard 走加词尾线、actively 走 more/most 线。 按三步完成九空； 核对答案并说出每空定级依据（句尾标记）； 体会单音节与多音节两条构成线。 参考答案：1. fast/faster/(the) fastest　2. actively/more actively/(the) most actively　3. hard/harder/(the) hardest 输出 Speaking & writing Write at least three sentences describing how you and your group members performed during a group activity, using comparative and superlative adverbs. 示例：Tom ran faster than me, but Jack ran the fastest.／She sang more loudly than him, and Mary sang the most loudly.／I did better than before, but she did the best. 用三句公式输出：一句比较级、一句最高级、一句自评； 同伴互查 than 与范围标记是否齐全。 反身代词构成 Reflexive pronouns Read the text and pay attention to the reflexive pronouns：How can I enjoy myself when learning?／My friend Linda is interested in art and she enjoys teaching herself paper-cutting.／Let's set goals for ourselves and take the first step. 构成表：第一人称及第二人称单数由形容词性物主代词加 self/selves 构成——myself、yourself→ourselves、yourselves；第三人称由代词宾格加 self/selves 构成——himself、herself、itself→themselves。We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object are the same person(s) or thing(s).（主语与宾语为同一人/物时用。） 朗读课文三句圈出三个反身代词； 按两条配方记忆八形式； 理解「主语宾语同一人」的使用前提。 六空运用 Contextual practice Millie is writing about people around her who love to learn new things. Complete her text with correct reflexive pronouns：Our English teacher Mr Wu taught (1) himself to play the piano. He found a useful app and practised a lot. He even records (2) himself playing the piano every day. Sandy and I feel encouraged. We wish we could learn something by (3) ourselves too. Sandy likes to cook. She often cooks some simple dishes for (4) herself when she is alone at home. I may try drawing. I want to draw pictures of (5) myself and my parents. At weekends, they often make (6) themselves a cup of tea and read a book by the window. I will try to draw them next weekend. 点破：先找主语再对身——Mr Wu/He→himself；we→ourselves（两人，别填 ourself）；she→herself；I→myself；they→themselves。核心用法：作宾语（teaching herself）与强调主语（I painted the room myself. 我亲自粉刷了房间）。 独立完成六空； 说出每空对应的主语； 区分作宾语与强调两种用法。 参考答案：(1) himself　(2) himself　(3) ourselves　(4) herself　(5) myself　(6) themselves 固定搭配与红线 Fixed phrases 固定搭配：by oneself = alone（独自）——learn by yourself；enjoy oneself = have fun（玩得开心）；teach oneself = learn... by oneself（自学）。 红线警示：反身代词不能单独作主语——×Myself can finish it. √ I can finish it myself.；拼写：单数以 -self 结尾，复数以 -selves 结尾。 记牢三个固定搭配； 判断 Myself 开头句子的正误并改正。 语言点精讲 Language points ①Amy reads 35 pages in one hour. She reads faster than Sandy. 艾米一小时读 35 页，她读得比桑迪快。——副词比较级用于比较两个动作在程度、速度等方面的差异：单音节及部分双音节副词直接加 -er/-est；多音节副词前加 more/most；比较级后常接 than，最高级前通常加 the（副词最高级前的 the 可省略）。注意 fast、hard、well 等词既是形容词也是副词，其比较级和最高级形式与形容词相同。例：She speaks more clearly than her brother. 她说话比她哥哥更清晰。 ②My friend Suzy is interested in art, and she enjoys teaching herself paper-cutting. 我的朋友苏西对艺术感兴趣，她喜欢自学剪纸。——主语和宾语指代同一人或事物时使用反身代词：第一、二人称由「形容词性物主代词+self/selves」构成，第三人称由「代词宾格+self/selves」构成；可作动词或介词的宾语，也可用于强调主语（「亲自、独自」）；固定搭配 by oneself、teach oneself、enjoy oneself；反身代词不能单独作主语。例：He finished the project by himself. 他独自完成了这个项目。 两组语言点逐组理解并造句； 熟记：比较级+than／最高级+（the）范围；反身代词照主语变、岗位只有宾语与强调； 用检测题反向验证：句首 in your class 定最高级、than 定比较级。 随堂检测 Testing 完成随堂检测：教师发放随堂检测题，学生限时独立完成后，教师逐题核对讲评。 【一、单项选择】 1. — Who jumps __________ in your class? — Li Ming does. He jumps __________ than any other student. A. the highest; higher　B. highest; higher　C. the highest; more high　D. highest; highest 2. The old man lives alone, but he always enjoys __________ by reading books. A. him　B. his　C. himself　D. he 【二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空】 3. Tom runs __________ (fast) than Jack, but Mike runs the __________ (fast) in our class. 4. She speaks English __________ (well) than her sister. She speaks the __________ (well) in her family. 5. Among the three girls, Lucy sings __________ (beautifully) and Lily sings the __________ (beautifully). 6. He did __________ (badly) in the exam than last time. He did the __________ (badly) in his class. 7. My mother taught __________ (she) how to make cakes during the holiday. 限时独立完成随堂检测，不看笔记、不讨论； 完成后与同桌交换互批，逐题核对答案并订正； 订正后用红笔标注错题涉及的规则（in your class→the highest／enjoy himself／well→better/best／badly→worse/worst／beautifully→more/most beautifully／taught herself），纳入复习清单。 参考答案：一、1. A　2. C　二、3. faster；fastest　4. better；best　5. more beautifully；most beautifully　6. worse；worst　7. herself 归纳与作业 Summary & Homework Summary 两条：①副词的比较级和最高级——单音节加 -er/-est；多音节前加 more/most；不规则变化需牢记（well→better→best; badly→worse→worst; far→farther/further→farthest/furthest）；比较级用于两者比较（+than），最高级用于三者及以上比较（+the）。②反身代词——形式：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves；用法：主语和宾语为同一人时使用，可表示强调；固定搭配：by oneself、teach oneself、enjoy oneself。 Homework：Review——Memorize the irregular forms of comparative and superlative adverbs and all reflexive pronouns, and make two sentences for each grammar point. 背记不规则副词变化与全部反身代词，每个语法点各造两句。Preview——Preview the next lesson. 预习下一课。 默写不规则变化五词与八个反身代词自查； 记录作业：背语法造句；预习下一课。 作业设计（分层） 【基础·必做】抄记不规则副词变化表与八个反身代词，每个语法点各造两句，完成课本 Grammar 部分练习。 【提升·选做】用比较级和最高级描述你们小组三位成员的学习表现（至少三句：一句比较级带 than、一句最高级带范围、一句用不规则副词）。 【拓展·挑战】以 Learning by Myself 为题写 80 词短文：介绍你的一次自学经历，至少用三个反身代词（含 by oneself 和 teach oneself）与两处副词比较级。 板书设计 Unit 3 To be a good learner — Grammar 副词比较级/最高级与反身代词 构成：单音节+er/-est（hard→harder→hardest）｜多音节 more/most（carefully→more carefully→the most carefully） 用法：两者+than｜三者以上+（the）——副词最高级 the 可省（形容词必须带） 不规则：well→better→best｜badly→worse→worst｜much→more｜little→less｜far→farther/further 反身代词：myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves——主宾同一人；作宾语或强调；不能单独作主语（×Myself can finish it.） 教学评价与反思 1. 目标—评价对应（教-学-评一体化）： 素养目标 课堂评价任务与证据 语言能力：副词级变与反身代词运用 三句观察；Millie 九空；反身代词六空；随堂检测十一空 文化意识：学习方式差异与积极态度 小组活动表现描述；自学经历反身代词表达 学习能力：观察归纳语法规则 三句找规律→构成表→口诀的自主归纳；「先数人数再定级」策略 思维品质：语法对比与陷阱辨析 the 可省与必须带的边界；farther/further 距离与程度；反身代词主语红线 2. 预设反思点： 以「谁上学最快」三级追问导入，fast→faster→the fastest 从图片里自然生长；三句阅读用页数数字（30/35/40）让「先数人数再定级」有据可依，than 与 among 双标记一发现，规则就成了解题流程；the 可省（副词）与必须带（形容词）的边界对比是本课最易混点，当场拆解；构成规则按词长分两路，early/late 去 y 变 ier 的补充防住 -ly 陷阱；不规则五词配对记（好与坏/多与少/远），farther 与 further 的距离/程度之分为高阶表达埋线；Millie 九空三组同一套路（原级→比较级+than any other→最高级+of us all），句尾标记即定级钥匙；小组活动三句输出把语法变回表达；反身代词从课文三个「自己」入手，两条构成配方（物主代词+self／宾格+self）+八个形式对号入座；六空「先找主语再对身」让 we→ourselves 的单复数对齐成为肌肉记忆；by oneself/enjoy oneself/teach oneself 三搭配加「不能单独作主语」红线（×Myself can finish it.）把岗位规则钉死；随堂检测两选九空当堂闭环，作业造句的双标记自查（比较级有 than、最高级有范围）让语法自查有抓手。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $