Unit 4 Section A Grammar Focus 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 人教版2024版八年级上册 Section A (Grammar Focus) 语法课 Dictation Which animal runs fast？ Which runs faster? Which runs the fastest? Lead-in Made by Qianmo-studio Amazing Plants and Animals Unit 4 bigger 80-90 km/h faster 110-120 km/h the fastest 60-70 km/h fast Learning Objectives 1.学生能够通过观察和分析 3a 中含形容词、副词最高级的例句，深入理解最高级的构成形式及定冠词 “the” 的搭配规则，明确最高级在描述 “最……” 特征时的语义功能。 01 2. 学生能够掌握并准确运用形容词、副词最高级及相关句式完成 3b 填空练习，在具体语境中根据单词音节数灵活选择 “- est” 或 “most” 的构成形式，提升最高级运用的准确性和熟练度。 02 3. 学生能够熟练运用最高级及相关结构完成 3c 语篇填空，通过分析银杏的特征（如年代、外观、常见度等），将信息转化为连贯的最高级表达，在小组中交流对银杏的认知，展示对最高级语法的实际运用能力。 03 新课讲授 3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. Superlatives adjective 形容词 adverb 副词 Write down the original form (原形）. large-the largest, heavy-the heaviest, big-the biggest, fast-the fastest, useful-the most useful, interesting-the most interesting What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? Presentation Look and say 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 多音节词和部分双音节词 辅音字母加_____结尾的, _________加__________ 多音节词及部分双音节词,词前加___________________ tall high short tallest highest shortest taller higher shorter easy early easier earlier easiest earliest outgoing beautiful interesting more outgoing more beautiful more interesting most outgoing most beautiful most interesting big fat hot bigger fatter hotter biggest fattest hottest large fine late larger finer later largest finest latest 一般词尾加_____________ -est 以_____结尾,加_________ -st e 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个______字母，先_____该辅音字母,再加_____________ 双写 辅音 -est 变 y 为 i y -est most regular (规则变化) 单音节词和部分多音节词 1) many much more most 2) good well better best 3) bad badly ill worse worst 4) old older elder oldest eldest 5) far farther further farthest furthest 6) little less least ①两多 ②两好 ③三不好 ④一老 ⑤一远 ⑥一少 clever __________ cheaply __________ large __________ nice __________ well __________ busy __________ hard __________ glad __________ little __________ beautiful __________ tidy__________ heavy __________ far __________ bad __________ colourful__________ popular__________ old__________ commom__________ cleverest most cheaply largest nicest best busiest gladdest least heaviest tidiest worst hardest most beautiful farthest/furthest most colourful most popular oldest most common Exercises 9 Presentation Read and say 3a Read the sentences and notice the words in bold. What are the ways to form a superlative adjective or adverb? The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. 最高级有范围吗？ 是的，最高级通常有范围。这个范围是区分比较级和最高级的关键。 Presentation Look and say 形容词和副词的最高级的范围 e.g. He is the tallest student in his class. This is the biggest city in China. e.g. Tom is the tallest of the 10 boys. She is the most talented of all the students. 表示 “在……范围内”，后接大范围(如地点、组织、时间阶段等)。 表示 “在……中”，后接具体的人或事物(复数名词/集合名词)，强调从同类中选出 “最……”的个体。 in + 范围 of + 同类人、事、物 among + 同类群体 e.g.Tom is the tallest among these 10 boys. He is the richest man among the businessmen. 强调 “在…… 群体中”，后接复数名词或代词， 可与 of 互换，但 among 更侧重“在多者之间” 的分布感。 The blue whale is the largest and the heaviest animal in the world. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. I think the most useful plant in the world is bamboo. It is perhaps the most interesting plant in the world. 通常用于三者或三者以上的范围，of/ in/among 说明比较范围 形容词的最高级前必须有the，副词的最高级前可以省略the How do we use superlatives ? 副词 形容词和副词的最高级的常用句型 句型1： in /of/among 短语(比较的范围) the 最高级 主+be+_____+形容词_______[+_________________________]__ 实义动词 主+ _________+ (the) adv最高级[+in /of/among 短语(比较的范围)] 1.Tom is the tallest in his class. 2.Tom runs (the) fastest of all the students 长江是中国最长的河流。 The Yangtze River is ________ _________ river in China. 2.莉莉在我们班跳舞最好。 Lily dances __________ _________ in our class. 3.这本书是图书馆里最有趣的。 This book is ____ _____ __________ book in the library. 4.那只鸟在树林里飞得最高。 That bird flies ________ _________ in the woods. the longest the best the most interesting the highest Who is the tallest, Tom , Mike , or Jack? 特殊疑问句，A, B or C? Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer , or autumn? 谁最高，汤姆，迈克还是杰克？ 你最喜欢哪一个季节，春季、夏季还是秋季？ 苹果、香蕉和橙子，哪一种水果最健康？ 句型2： Which fruit is _____________, an apple, a banana or an orange? the healthiest Which animal jumps the highest, the lion, the monkey, or the frog? 句型3： 主＋ be 动词+one of＋ the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 + 范围” “最…… 的…… 之一”，强调在一个范围内， Beijing is one of the largest cities in the world. 猴子是最聪明的动物之一。 Monkeys are one of _____________________animals. 2.北京是中国最古老的城市之一。 Beijing is one of _____________________ cities in China. 3.熊猫是最受人们欢迎的动物之一。 Pandas are one of __________________________ . 4.中国最美味的食物之一是饺子。 One of _________________ foods in China_____ dumplings. the cleverest the oldest the most popular animals the most delicious is 句型4： the + 序数词（second/third…) + 最高级 + 名词 + 表示范围的短语 “……是第(二/三)……最……” 黄河是中国的第二大长河。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 海南是中国的第二大岛。 Hainan is the second largest island in China. The Yangtze River is the _________ (long) river in China, and the Yellow River is the _________ (two) _________ (long) one. 2. This building is the ________ (three) _______ (tall) structure in our city. longest second longest third tallest 回忆 比较级表示最高级的用法 当句子中出现 (more) than + 比较范围（如 anything, anyone, any other...） 时，常隐含最高级含义。 例如：He runs faster than anyone in his class. 他比班上任何人都跑得快 → 他是班上跑得最快的。 This movie is more moving than any other I’ve seen. 这部电影比我看过的任何一部都感人 → 这是我看过的最感人的电影。 Exercises 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. LeBron James is one of _______ players in the NBA. He is my hero. A. better B. the best C. worse D. the worst B ( ) 2. Who runs in your class? — Tom does. None of us can catch him in the race. A. faster B. slower C. fastest D. slowest C one of后面加形容词的最高级。 由“没人能赶得上他。”可知 Tom 跑得最快。要选择 fast 的最高级。 ❊ 1.Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _________ island in China. (large) 2.Our teacher is as ______ as before. (busy). 3.He is __________________ among us. (careful) 4.Li Lei jumped far ______ than Jim. (far) 5.The busier he is, the _______ he feels. (happy) 6.I think Yao Ming is one of ___________basketball players in NBA. (hot) largest busy the most careful happier the hottest as...as 中间用原级 than 前用比较级 one of+最高级 Exercises farther Presentation Read and fill 3b Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets. Find some mark words first. the adj./adv 最高级形式 a certain range 特定的范围 the cutest the most beautiful heaviest the most colourful (the) highest the largest stand up to 高达 weigh up to 重达 Presentation Listen and say 3b Complete the sentences with the superlative forms of the words in brackets. the cutest the most beautiful the most colourful (the) highest the largest heaviest rose /rəʊz/ n.玫瑰；蔷薇 peony /ˈpiːəni/ n.牡丹；芍药 lotus /ˈləʊtəs/ n.莲花 butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ n.蝴蝶 wing /ˈwɪŋ/ n.翅膀；翼 frog / /frɒɡ/ n.蛙；青蛙 最高级句型：疑问词+V/be(+the)+最高级, A, B or C？“ABC中，哪一个最......” Presentation Read and fill 3c Complete the passage with the superlative forms of the words in the box. ancient beautiful common good popular The ginkgo tree is one of ________________ living trees on earth. Ginkgo trees first appeared over 200 million years ago. Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life. Many Chinese believe that the old ginkgo tree in the Zhongnan Mountains in Shaanxi Province is ____________________. This tree is over 1,400 years old. Thousands of tourists come to see it each year, especially in mid-October, as it is _____________ time to see it. The ginkgo tree is one of __________________ trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. When autumn comes, one of _____________ activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. the most ancient the most beautiful the best the most common the most popular /ˈɡɪŋkəʊ/ n.银杏；银杏树 句型： “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 + 范围” 表示 “最…… 的…… 之一”，强调在一个范围内， Language points 1. The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. 世界上最大的陆地动物是非洲象。 land n. 陆地；土地 v. 降落；着陆 take off 起飞 on land 在陆地上 by land 经陆路 A piece of land in the middle of the sea is island.海中央的一块陆地是岛屿。 Did you go there by land or by sea?您是通过陆路还是海路去的？ The plane landed before the storm came.飞机在暴风雨来临之前降落了。 A butterfly landed on her shoulder.一只蝴蝶落在了她的肩膀上。 African n. 非洲人 （可数名词） 复数：Africans adj. 非洲的;非洲人的 ① There are five Africans in our school. 我们学校有五个非洲人。 ②African drumming plays a key role in traditional ceremonies. 非洲鼓乐在传统仪式中发挥着关键作用。 Asia 亚洲 Asian 亚洲的；亚洲人 Africa 非洲 African 非洲的；非洲人 Europe 欧洲 European 欧洲的；欧洲人 Language points 2. Some could stand up to three metres tall and weigh up to 860 kg. 有些可以站立到 3 米高，重达 860 公斤。 weigh v. 有……重；称重量 weight n. 重量；分量 常见搭配 weigh about+数词 重约…… weigh over+数词 超过……重 weigh up to+数词 重达…… 固定词组 put on weight 增加体重 lose weight 减重 Language points up to 1.表示“直到、达到（某一时间、数量、程度等）” 用于时间：She stayed up to midnight working on the project. 她熬夜到午夜做项目。 用于数量/程度：The box can hold up to 20 books. 这个箱子最多能装20本书。 1.Which color do you like ________ (well), white, blue or green? 2.I think Blue Light is one of the ________ (bad) restaurants in our town. 3.The third ________(long) river in the world is the Yangtze River. 4. AI is one of the ____________(amazing) inventions. I think it will change the world. 5.When Helen won a prize in the English competition, she believed she was the (happy) girl in the world. best worst longest most amazing happiest Exercise-用所给词的适当形式填空 Plan a trip along the Silk Road using the new language. China is an amazing country. It has the world’s _______ (high) mountain. The Yangtze River is its _______(long). Pandas are the ___________ (famous) of all the animals in our country. The Silk Road is the _______(old) trading road to the world. When we plan a trip, making choices doesn’t mean to choose the _________(good) or the _______________(expensive) one, but the __________ (proper) one. best most expensive most proper highest longest most famous oldest Exercise-用所给词的适当形式填空 一、语法点单句特训。 （　　）1.I think pandas are 　　　　animals in the world.  A.cute B.the cutest　 C.cuter D.cutest B （　　）2.Of all the movies I’ve watched， Ne Zha 2 is 　　　　.It has amazing visual effects and a touching story.  A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting （　　）3.Ginkgo trees are one of 　　　　living trees on earth.  A.ancient B.the most ancient　 C.more ancient　 D.most ancient D B （　　）4.Who sings 　　　　in your school music club？  A.beautiful B.more beautifully C.the most beautifully D.the most beautiful （　　）5.The new library can hold 　　　　100，000 books， providing plenty of reading resources for students.  A.up to B.up on C.up with D.up against C A 三、小语篇特训。 Monarch butterflies （帝王蝶） are amazing insects.They make one of 　11　 migrations （迁徙） of any insect—4，000 km！ Their orange wings are 　12　 warning to predators （捕食者）.In Mexico， many of Monarch butterflies gather on oyamel trees that grow 　13　 in the （　　）11.A.the longest B.longer C.most long （　　）12.A.brighter B.the brightest C.most bright （　　）13.A.the highest B.higher C.most high A B A mountains.Climate change affects Monarch butterflies much 　14　. Planting milkweed （马利筋） is 　15　 way to help， because they only eat milkweed leaves.  （　　）14.A.more seriously B.the most seriously C.serious （　　）15.A.the best B.better C.good A A 形容词和副词的最高级 最高级易考易错点 最高级应用的判断 1.最高级前面要加the. 形容词最高级前面必须加the 副词最高级前面the可以省略 最高级前加物主代词或名词所有格等，表示明确的所属关系时，不再使用the。 2.最高级表达一定要有范围. in + [范围/群体/地方] of + [具体的同类个体] among + [模糊的群体] 1.是不是三者或三者以上在进行比较，三者或三者以上比较用最高级。 2.如果句末有in/of 短语来表示范围，则用最高级。 3.如果句中有one of the ...，就用最高级。 Homework $