Unit 4 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（课件）英语人教版必修第一册

null 高中英语人教版必修第一册 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures Unit 4 Natural disasters Learning objectives Students can grasp what a restrictive attributive clause(限制性定语从句) is. Students are able to grasp main elements(要素) of the attributive clause. Students can grasp how to choose relative pronouns. Students can enrich language expressions using attributive clauses to supplement information. Contents 1. Lead in 2. Attributive Clause 3. Text exercises 4. Summary 5. Assessment 6. Homework 01. Lead in Lead in Tom is a big cat. 单个形容词 作 定语， 放在所修饰的名词或代词前。 Jerry is a clever mouse. Lead in Task 1 Underline the attribute in the sentences. 1. Strange things were happening in the countryside. 2. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. 3. Some people saw bright lights in the sky. 4. More buildings fell down. 5. All hope was not lost. 6. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. 7. The woman in the room is my mother. 8. People there are very kind to me. 9. The girl with a book in her hand is Mary. 10. He is a famous writer who comes from a small town. Lead in Jerry is a mouse with lots of ideas. Jerry is a mouse who can come up with lots of ideas. 介词短语作后置定语。译为“...的” 一个句子作定语，这样的句子就叫定语从句。翻译为“......的”，修饰名词、代词或整个句子。 Lead in Task 2 What is an attributive clause? 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。 Those are oranges that I bought for kids. Tips:定语为单词是前置，定语为从句是后置的 Those are fresh oranges. Lead in Task 2 What is an attributive clause? 在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般位于先行词后。 The man who is running is Captain Jack. 先行词 关系代词 Lead in Task 2 What is an attributive clause? “一个包含定语从句的复杂句”是由两个（或以上）简单句组合而成的。 The girl was in red. The girl broke the glass. The girl who was in red broke the glass. erupt [ɪˈrʌpt] vi.& vt.爆发；喷出 supply [səˈplaɪ] n. 供应；vt. 供应；供给 survive [səˈvaɪv] vi. 生存；存活 vt. 幸存 Lead in 在线学单词 whistle [ˈwɪsl] vi. 吹口哨；发出笛声 vt. 吹口哨 n. 哨子（声）；呼啸声 emergency [ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi] n. 突发事件；紧急情况 calm [kɑːm] adj. 镇静的；沉着的 vt. 使平静；使镇静 aid [eɪd] n. 援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助 tap [tæp] vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n. 水龙头；轻叩；轻敲 02. Attributive Clause Attributive Clause Jerry is a mouse who has lots of ideas. 先行词 被修饰的名词或代词 关系代词 引导定语从句 定语从句 先行词 主句 关系词 从句 Attributive Clause Task 3 找出句子中的先行词和关系词. 1.Jerry is a mouse who is very smart. 2.She is a lady whom Tom always wants to approach. 3.There is something that makes Tom and Jerry fight fiercely. 先行词： 关系词： . 先行词： 关系词： . 先行词： 关系词： . a mouse who a lady whom something that 小结：先行词是：_____或者____ 。 名词 代词 Attributive Clause Task 4 The usages of relative pronouns(关系代词) Examples Rules The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great grandma cannot forget. 关系词是__________ 指代本句中___________ ,在定语从句中作__________(主语?/宾语?/ 定语?) The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 关系词是__________ 指代本句中_________,在定语从句中作_______ （主语?/宾语?/定语?) that experience 宾语 supplies which 主语 Attributive Clause Examples Rules The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 关系词是__________ 指代本句中__________ ,在定语从句中作__________(主语?/宾语?/ 定语?) A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Educator. 关系词是__________ 指代本句中__________ ,在定语从句中作__________(主语?/宾语?/ 定语?) Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. 关系词是__________ 指代本句中____________,在定语从句中作_______ （主语?/宾语?/定语?) who couple whom doctor whose architect 主语 宾语 定语 the architect's designs Attributive Clause The lady that is reading a book is very charming. The hammer that Jerry uses is very big. 关系代词that 人 物 先行词是________, 从句缺_______ 或者_______, 引导词用 ________. 作宾语时还可以省略。 人/ 物 主语 宾语 that 主语 宾语 Attributive Clause that 在从句中作主语或宾语，指人或物，作宾语时可省略。  A plane is a machine that can fly. 作主语；指物  The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 作宾语；指物  Let’s ask the man that is reading a book over there. 作主语；指人  The girl (that) we saw yesterday is Jim’s sister. 作宾语；指人 Attributive Clause 19 Tom and Jerry is a cartoon which tells the stories about love-hate rivalry（相爱相杀）. The hammer which Jerry uses is very big. 先行词是______ 从句缺_______ 或者______,引导词用_________;作宾语可省略。 物 主语 关系代词which 物 物 宾语 主语 宾语 which Attributive Clause which 在从句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语,指物。  They planted the trees which didn’t need much water.  The fish which we bought were not fresh.  This is the house which we lived in last year. → This is the house ________ we lived last year. 主语；指物 宾语；指物 介词宾语；指物 in which which作介词宾语时，介词既可放在关系代词which 之前，也可以放在从句中动词之后 where Attributive Clause She is a charming lady who always sits there. Jerry is a boy (who/ whom )I like. 人 宾语 主语 先行词是 ，从句缺______ ，关系词用________; 从句缺 ______,关系词用 _________________;作宾语可省略。 人 主语 who 关系代词who/whom 宾语 who / whom Attributive Clause who在从句中作主语和宾语, whom 在从句中作宾语；都指人。  The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 主语；指人  The boy who broke the window is called Michael. 主语；指人  The person (whom / who) you just talked to is Mr Li. 宾语；指人  Mr Read is the professor to whom you should write. 宾语；指人 在定语从句中紧接着介词的只能用which和whom。指人用whom，指物用which Attributive Clause Jerry is a mouse whose dream is to become a pilot. The cartoon whose name is Tom and Jerry focuses on love-hate rivalry between the two characters. 人 物 定语“…的” 先行词是 ，表示“...的”，所属关系，在从句中充当 _________, 关系代词用 ____________。 人的/物的 定语 关系代词whose whose 定语 “...的” Attributive Clause whose 在从句中作定语,修饰人或物，意为“……的”，可与 of which (whom) the ... 互换。  Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week. of whom the  This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of. of whom the  This is the book whose cover is blue. of which the Attributive Clause as既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。不能省略。 It is said that the moon is made of the same kind of matter as exists on the earth. I have the same bike as you have. I’ve never seen so clever a man as he is. Attributive Clause 下列情况中，定语从句中关系代词一般用that而不用which： 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 5. 先行词既有人又有物的时候，只能用that。 03. Text exercises Text exercises Task 5 Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences. 1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great- grandma cannot forget. 2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 唐山大地震是我曾祖母无法忘记的可怕经历。 住在我们隔壁的那对夫妇在火山爆发后自愿去帮忙。 Text exercises Task 5 Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences. 3.The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 4. Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. 5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. 提供给灾区的物资是从全国各地调来的。 李先生是一位建筑师，他为新城所作的设计赢得了赞誉。 和詹姆斯曾经工作过的一名医生在2016年厄瓜多尔地震中去世。 Text exercises Task 6 Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom or “ / ” 1. The earthquake ___________ hit San Francisco on April 18 shook down hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of walls and chimneys (烟囱). 2. The firefighters to ___________ the task was given did their best but there was no way to organise or communicate. 3. Tens of thousands ____________ had lost their homes left the city to look for shelter from the fires. 4. The team brings help and hope to those ___________ lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake or any other natural disaster. that / which whom who / that whose Text exercises Task 6 Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom or “ / ” 5. The list of people to help has been given is long. 6. The team treated more than 3,000 people were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake hit Haiti in 2010, and spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan (巴基斯坦). 7. They have to be able to do work is difficult under conditions can be very dangerous. who / that that / which that / which that / which whom Text exercises Task 7 Make sentences with restrictive relative clauses. Starting Prompts Example Who are the soldiers who…? Who is the man who…? Where is mother who…? Where is the city that…? A:What’s the rescue worker doing? B:She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake. 04. Summary Summary Tom is a cat who always fails to catch Jerry. The girl whom Tom pursues (追求) is a white cat. 小结： 1.连接作用：引导从句，连接_____和_____； 2.成分作用：在从句中充当________； 3.替代作用：在定语从句中替代________。 主句 从句 某个成分 先行词 先行词 主句 关系词 从句 05. Assessment Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.After learning, I am able to know what a restrictive attributive clause(限制性定语从句) is. 2.After learning, I am able to grasp main elements(要素) of the attributive clause. 3.After learning, I am able to grasp how to choose relative pronouns(关系代词). 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 Assessment 06. Homework Make a mindmap of what we have learnt. Homework Thank you for your listening Lavf55.48.100 灾害救援主题单词互动学习卡 volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ ▼ 词性：n. (pl. -oes / -os) 火山 常用搭配 active volcano 活火山 dormant volcano 休眠火山 volcano eruption 火山爆发 例句 The volcano has been quiet for hundreds of years. 这座火山已经沉寂数百年。 erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ ▼ 词性：vi.& vt.（火山）爆发；岩浆/浓烟喷出；（情绪）突然爆发 搭配 volcano erupts 火山喷发 erupt in anger 勃然大怒 例句 The mountain began to erupt at midnight. 这座山峰在午夜开始喷发。 supply /səˈplaɪ/ ▼ 词性：n. 供应量；补给品(复数supplies) vt. 供应、供给 核心搭配 supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 向某人提供某物 daily supplies 日常物资 water supply 供水 例句 Volunteers supplied food and water to homeless people. 志愿者为无家可归者分发食物和饮用水。 typhoon /taɪˈfuːn/ ▼ 词性：n. 台风（西北太平洋海域强热带风暴） 搭配 strong typhoon 强台风 typhoon warning 台风预警 例句 Schools closed early because of the coming typhoon. 受即将登陆的台风影响，学校提前停课。 in the open air ▼ 释义：露天；在户外（= outdoors） 用法 常在句中作地点状语，多用于晚会、露营、临时安置 例句 Many victims spent nights in the open air after the quake. 地震后许多灾民只能在露天过夜。 hurricane /ˈhʌrɪkən/ ▼ 词性：n. 飓风（西大西洋、加勒比海强风暴） 辨析 typhoon 西北太平洋；hurricane 大西洋/东北太平洋 例句 The hurricane destroyed many coastal buildings. 飓风摧毁了大量沿海建筑。 survive /səˈvaɪv/ ▼ 词性：vi. 生存、存活 vt. 幸存；艰难度过 变形&搭配 n. survival 幸存；survivor 幸存者 survive the disaster 在灾难中幸存 survive on … 靠……勉强活下去 例句 Only three people survived the terrible flood. 这场特大洪水中仅有三人幸存。 power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ ▼ 词性：n. 电力；能量；力量；权力；控制力 搭配 power supply 电力供应 cut the power 断电 nuclear power 核能 例句 The whole town lost power during the storm. 暴风雨期间整座城镇断电。 tap /tæp/ ▼ 词性：vi.&vt. 轻敲、轻拍 n. 水龙头；轻叩声 搭配 turn on/off the tap 打开/关掉水龙头 tap on the window 轻敲窗户 例句 Please turn off the tap to save water. 请关掉水龙头节约用水。 pipe /paɪp/ ▼ 词性：n. 管子、管道 搭配 water pipe 水管 gas pipe 燃气管道 broken pipe 破损管道 例句 Water leaked out from a broken pipe underground. 地下水管道破裂导致漏水。 whistle /ˈwɪsl/ ▼ 词性：vi./vt. 吹口哨、鸣笛 n. 哨子；呼啸声 搭配 blow a whistle 吹响哨子 the whistle of wind 风声呼啸 例句 The rescue worker blew a whistle to call attention. 救援人员吹响哨子吸引注意。 emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ ▼ 词性：n. 突发事件；紧急情况 搭配 emergency room 急诊室 emergency exit 紧急出口 in an emergency 在紧急状态下 例句 Dial 120 if you meet a medical emergency. 遇到医疗紧急情况请拨打120。 calm /kɑːm/ ▼ 词性：adj. 镇静的、沉着的 vt. 使平静、安抚 固定搭配 calm down 冷静下来 stay calm 保持镇定 例句 Please calm down and follow the escape instructions. 请保持冷静，遵照疏散指引行动。 aid /eɪd/ ▼ 词性：n. 援助；救援物资 vt.（正式）帮助、救助 搭配 first aid 急救 give aid to victims 向灾民提供援助 with the aid of 在……协助下 例句 International aid arrived soon after the earthquake. 地震过后不久国际救援物资就抵达了。 kit /kɪt/ ▼ 词性：n. 成套工具、成套装备 搭配 repair kit 维修工具包 survival kit 求生套装 例句 Every family should prepare an emergency kit. 每个家庭都应当准备一套应急工具包。 first aid kit ▼ 释义：急救箱 用法场景 存放纱布、碘伏、创可贴、止血带等急救用品，灾害/日常外伤使用 例句 Check the first aid kit before going hiking. 徒步出发前检查一下急救箱。 on hand ▼ 释义：现有；在手边；随时可以取用（多指物资、人手、帮助） 例句 We have enough medicine on hand for survivors. 我们手边有充足药品可供幸存者使用。 $好。