04 语言学习 2027年高考英语复习主题语境词汇识记与应用

04 语言学习—2027高考英语主题语境词汇识记与应用 第一部分 词性转换专题 序号 核心词与派生链 语境例句 中文翻译 1 refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询 → reference n. 参考；提及 → referee n. 裁判 When you come across a new word, you can refer to a dictionary; good reference books are essential for language learners, and even a referee must consult the rulebook. 遇到生词时，你可以查阅词典；好的参考书对语言学习者至关重要，甚至裁判也必须查阅规则手册。 2 base vt. 以……为基础 n. 基础 → basic adj. 基本的 → basis n. 基础；根据 → basement n. 地下室 The course is based on a communicative approach; students must master basic vocabulary first, and the basis of good writing is reading widely. 这门课程以交际法为基础；学生必须首先掌握基本词汇，而好写作的基础是广泛阅读。 3 vary vi. 变化；不同 → variety n. 多样化；变体 → various adj. 各种各样的 → varied adj. 多变的 Learning strategies vary from person to person; a variety of techniques should be employed, and students face various challenges in language learning. 学习方法因人而异；应该采用多种技巧，学生在语言学习中面临各种各样的挑战。 4 major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 专业 → majority n. 大多数 → minor adj. 次要的 The majority of students major in science subjects; however, a major concern is that many neglect language learning. 大多数学生主修理科；然而，一个主要的担忧是许多人忽视了语言学习。 5 appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；重视 → appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 → appreciative adj. 感激的 I really appreciate your help with my English essay; my appreciation goes beyond words, and I am truly appreciative of your patience. 我真的很感激你帮助我修改英语作文；我的感激之情难以言表，我对你的耐心真心感激。 6 assume vt. 认为；假定 → assumption n. 假定；假设 → assuming conj. 假定 We often assume that reading on screens is as effective as reading on paper; this assumption has been challenged by the shallowing hypothesis. 我们常常认为屏幕阅读和纸质阅读一样有效；这一假设已受到“浅化假说”的挑战。 7 reflect vi. & vt. 仔细思考；反映 → reflection n. 深思；反射；映像 → reflective adj. 沉思的 The writer reflected on his own experience of learning with a dictionary; upon reflection, he realized that curiosity matters more than the tool itself. 作者反思了自己用词典学习的经历；经过深思，他意识到好奇心比工具本身更重要。 8 confuse vt. 使困惑 → confused adj. 感到困惑的 → confusing adj. 令人困惑的 → confusion n. 困惑 English spelling can be very confusing; learners are often confused by words that look similar, which leads to confusion in writing. 英语拼写可能非常令人困惑；学习者常常被看起来相似的单词弄糊涂，这导致写作中的困惑。 9 behave vi. 表现；运转 → behaviour n. 行为；举止 Students who behave well in class tend to make faster progress; good behaviour is the foundation of effective learning. 课堂上表现好的学生往往进步更快；良好的行为是有效学习的基础。 10 unique adj. 独特的 → uniqueness n. 独特性 Every learner has a unique way of acquiring a language; the uniqueness of each learning style should be respected. 每个学习者都有独特的语言习得方式；每种学习风格的独特性都应受到尊重。 11 create vt. 创造 → creative adj. 有创造力的 → creativity n. 创造力 → creation n. 创造物 → creator n. 创造者 Language learning requires creative thinking; students should develop their creativity by writing original sentences, and the creator of a new word may become famous. 语言学习需要创造性思维；学生应通过写原创句子来培养创造力，新词的创造者可能会成名。 12 effect n. 效果 → effective adj. 有效的 → effectively adv. 有效地 To learn a language effectively, you need effective strategies; the effect of daily practice is remarkable. 要有效地学习一门语言，你需要有效的策略；每天练习的效果是显著的。 13 exist vi. 存在 → existence n. 存在 → existing adj. 现存的 → nonexistent adj. 不存在的 Many people assume that a perfect learning method exists; in reality, its existence is doubtful, and no existing approach works for everyone. 许多人认为存在一种完美的学习方法；事实上，它的存在是值得怀疑的，没有任何现有的方法对每个人都有效。 14 ignore vt. 忽视 → ignorance n. 无知 → ignorant adj. 无知的 Some learners ignore the importance of spelling; such ignorance can lead to errors, and being ignorant of basic rules hinders progress. 一些学习者忽视拼写的重要性；这种忽视可能导致错误，对基本规则的无知会阻碍进步。 15 familiar adj. 熟悉的 → unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 → familiarity n. 熟悉 Learners often skip words that are unfamiliar; however, familiarity with new vocabulary grows through repeated exposure. 学习者常常跳过不熟悉的单词；然而，对新词汇的熟悉度通过反复接触而增长。 16 promote vt. 促进 → promotion n. 促进；晋升 Reading widely promotes vocabulary acquisition; the promotion of extensive reading is essential for language development. 广泛阅读促进词汇习得；推广泛读对语言发展至关重要。 17 concentrate vi. 集中 → concentration n. 集中 → concentrated adj. 集中的 When reading digital texts, people often lack concentration; to learn effectively, you must concentrate on the material and devote concentrated effort. 阅读数字文本时，人们常常缺乏专注力；要有效学习，你必须专注于材料并投入集中的努力。 18 contribute vi. & vt. 贡献；促成 → contribution n. 贡献 → contributor n. 贡献者 A good dictionary contributes to effective learning; the contribution of Samuel Johnson to English lexicography is enormous. 一本好词典有助于有效学习；塞缪尔·约翰逊对英语词典编纂的贡献是巨大的。 19 differ vi. 不同 → difference n. 差异 → different adj. 不同的 → differently adv. 不同地 Learning styles differ from person to person; the difference is obvious, and each learner approaches language differently. 学习风格因人而异；差异是明显的，每个学习者以不同的方式学习语言。 20 predict vt. 预测 → prediction n. 预测 → predictable adj. 可预测的 Research predicts that print reading leads to better retention than screen reading; this prediction is supported by a large body of evidence. 研究预测纸质阅读比屏幕阅读的记忆保持更好；这一预测得到了大量证据的支持。 第二部分 语块化词汇·短语 （一）语言学习策略与方法 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） strategy n. 策略；战略 learning strategy 学习策略； adopt a strategy 采取策略 approach n. & vt. 方法；途径；接近 a communicative approach 交际法；approach to learning 学习方法 technique n. 技巧；技术 writing technique 写作技巧；effective technique 有效技巧 method n. 方法；办法 teaching method 教学方法；an effective method 有效的方法 memorise v. 记忆；背诵 memorise new words 背单词；memorise the text 背诵课文 review v. & n. 复习；回顾 review lessons 复习功课；regular review 定期复习 summarise v. 总结；概括 summarise the main idea 概括主旨；summarise key points 总结要点 scan vt. 快速浏览；扫描 scan for key information 快速查找关键信息 skim vt. 略读；浏览 skim through the passage 略读文章 infer vt. 推断；推论 infer meaning from context 从语境推断含义 take notes phr. 记笔记 take notes while reading 阅读时记笔记 look up phr. 查阅 look up a word in a dictionary 在词典中查词 refer to phr. 参考；查阅 refer to a dictionary 查阅词典 work out phr. 弄懂；理解 work out the meaning 弄懂意思 come across phr. 偶然遇到 come across a new word 偶遇生词 figure out phr. 弄明白 figure out the grammar rule 弄懂语法规则 （二）词汇学习与词典使用 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量 build vocabulary 扩大词汇量；a wide vocabulary 丰富的词汇量 dictionary n. 词典；字典 consult a dictionary 查词典；a paper dictionary 纸质词典 entry n. 词条；条目 look up an entry 查词条；a dictionary entry 词典词条 definition n. 释义；定义 the definition of a word 单词的释义 spelling n. 拼写 correct spelling 正确拼写； check the spelling 检查拼写 pronunciation n. 发音 correct pronunciation 正确发音； practise pronunciation 练习发音 context n. 语境；上下文 guess from context 从语境猜测； in this context 在这个语境中 collocation n. 搭配；词语搭配 common collocations 常见搭配 look up phr. 查阅 look up a word 查一个词 come across phr. 偶然遇到 come across an unfamiliar word 遇到不熟悉的词 mark with a pencil phr. 用铅笔标记 mark every entry with a pencil 用铅笔标记每个词条 wide-eyed adj. 睁大眼睛的；惊讶的 He kept saying, wide-eyed... 他睁大眼睛不停地说…… consult vt. 查阅；咨询 consult a dictionary 查词典； consult reference books 查阅参考书 （三）阅读技能与阅读方式 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） comprehension n. 理解力；阅读理解 reading comprehension 阅读理解 retention n. 保持；记忆 better retention 更好的记忆保持 concentration n. 专注；集中 reduced concentration 注意力下降；lack concentration 缺乏专注 multitask vi. 同时做多件事 a tendency to multitask 同时做多件事的倾向 print reading phr. 纸质阅读 the benefits of print reading 纸质阅读的好处 digital reading phr. 数字阅读 digital reading vs print reading 数字阅读与纸质阅读 onscreen adv. & adj. 在屏幕上（的） read a text onscreen 在屏幕上阅读 screen time phr. 屏幕使用时间 My screen time is off. 我的屏幕使用时间已关闭。 paperback n. 平装书 a paperback novel 一本平装小说 table of contents phr. 目录 read the table of contents first 先读目录 shallowing hypothesis phr. 浅化假说 the shallowing hypothesis 浅化假说 mental abstraction phr. 心理抽象 tasks requiring mental abstraction 需要心理抽象的任 draw inferences phr. 进行推断 draw inferences from a text 从文本中进行推断 devote less mental effort phr. 投入更少的脑力 devote less mental effort than reading print 比纸质阅读投入更少的脑力 （四）写作技能与写作方法 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） essay n. 文章；论文 write an essay 写文章；a well-organised essay 结构良好的文章 draft n. & vt. 草稿；起草 write a first draft 写初稿；draft an essay 起草文章 paragraph n. 段落 topic paragraph 主题段；develop a paragraph 扩展段落 spelling n. 拼写 correct spelling 正确拼写 proofread vt. 校对；校读 proofread your essay 校对你的文章 revise vt. 修改；修订 revise the draft 修改草稿 edit vt. 编辑；校订 edit the essay 编辑文章 writing nonstop phr. 不停笔写作 write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes 不停笔写10到15分钟 triple-space vt. 三倍行距 triple-space the draft 三倍行距写草稿 leave space for phr. 留出空间 leave space for revision 留出修改空间 put pen to paper phr. 下笔；动笔 put your pen to your paper 把笔放在纸上 be the judge of phr. 评判 Be the judge of your own writing. 做你自己文章的评判者。 （五）语言本质与语言多样性 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） native adj. & n. 本地的；本地人 a native speaker 母语者； be native to 原产于 billion n. 十亿 more than two billion people 超过二十亿人 variety n. 变体；多样化 a variety of languages 多种语言；language variety 语言变体 system n. 系统；体系 a writing system 书写系统； language system 语言体系 character n. 汉字；角色 Chinese characters 汉字； carve characters 刻字 symbol n. 符号；象征 a symbol of 一个……的象征 dialect n. 方言 a local dialect 当地方言 bilingual adj. 双语的 a bilingual dictionary 双解词典 unique adj. 独特的 a unique way of learning 独特的学习方式 cultural heritage phr. 文化遗产 protect cultural heritage 保护文化遗产 date back to phr. 追溯到 date back to ancient times 追溯到古代 be related to phr. 与……相关 be closely related to 与……密切相关 no matter where phr. 不论哪里 No matter where you go... 不论你去哪里…… （六）学习动机与态度 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） curiosity n. 好奇心 arouse curiosity 激发好奇心； out of curiosity 出于好奇 motivation n. 动机；积极性 learning motivation 学习动机； lack motivation 缺乏动力 appetite n. 欲望；胃口 the appetite for knowledge 对知识的渴望 enthusiasm n. 热情 show enthusiasm for 对……表现出热情 perseverance n. 毅力；坚持 with perseverance 凭借毅力 self-discipline n. 自律 develop self-discipline 培养自律 mindset n. 思维模式 a growth mindset 成长型思维； an entertainment mindset 娱乐心态 be curious about phr. 对……好奇 be curious about the world 对世界好奇 be eager to learn phr. 渴望学习 be eager to learn new words 渴望学习新单词 be willing to phr. 愿意 be willing to make mistakes 愿意犯错 have a passion for phr. 对……有热情 have a passion for languages 对语言有热情 step out of one's comfort zone phr. 走出舒适区 step out of your comfort zone 走出你的舒适区 make an effort to phr. 努力做 make an effort to practise 努力练习 （七）真题话题词汇精选 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） screen time phr. 屏幕使用时间 My screen time is off. 我的屏幕使用时间已关闭。（2026·全国一卷B） paper dictionary phr. 纸质词典 use a paper dictionary 使用纸质词典（2026·全国一卷B） wide-eyed adj. 睁大眼睛的 He kept saying, wide-eyed... 他睁大眼睛不停地说……（2026·全国一卷B） appetite n. 欲望；渴望 the appetite for knowledge 对知识的渴望（2026·全国一卷B） shine through phr. 凸显；显露 The benefits of print reading shine through. 纸质阅读的益处凸显出来。（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） shallowing hypothesis phr. 浅化假说 the shallowing hypothesis 浅化假说（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） entertainment mindset phr. 娱乐心态 an entertainment mindset 娱乐心态（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） devote less mental effort phr. 投入更少的脑力 devote less mental effort 投入更少的脑力（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） table of contents phr. 目录 read the table of contents 读目录（2021·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五） nonstop writing phr. 不停笔写作 write nonstop 不停笔写作（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五） triple-space vt. 三倍行距 triple-space the draft 三倍行距写草稿（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五） print reading phr. 纸质阅读 print reading vs digital reading 纸质阅读与数字阅读 digital text phr. 数字文本 approach digital texts 接触数字文本（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） mental abstraction phr. 心理抽象 tasks requiring mental abstraction 需要心理抽象的任务（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） 第三部分 话题句型 序号 英文句型 中文翻译 出处/话题 1 If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. 如果你只是阅读小说或杂志，那么你的阅读速度可能无关紧要。 2021·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五 2 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. 当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上不间断地写十到十五分钟，别让笔离开纸。 2022·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五 3 Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis.” 阅读研究人员提出了一种叫做“浅化假说”的理论。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C 4 According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 根据这一理论，人们以一种适合社交媒体的心态来处理数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比投入的精神努力也更少。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C 5 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks to ones that require mental abstraction. 当实验者从提出简单任务转向需要心理抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处尤为凸显。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C 6 It wasn't, ultimately, the dictionary that got me there — not really. 最终，并不是那本词典让我走到了那里——真的不是。 2026·全国一卷B 7 It's not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. 关键不在于单词本身或我们如何学习它们，而在于想要了解它们的欲望——那份好奇心和求知欲。 2026·全国一卷B 8 Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. 不久前，我上五年级的儿子凯文问我小说中一个词的意思。 2026·全国一卷B 9 Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. 我突然意识到他甚至不知道如何使用词典。 2026·全国一卷B 10 While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” 翻着书页时，他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词？” 2026·全国一卷B 11 The more you expose yourself to the language, the faster you will acquire it. 你接触这门语言越多，你习得它的速度就越快。 通用句式 12 It is not how many words you memorise but how well you use them that matters. 重要的不是你记住了多少单词，而是你能多好地运用它们。 通用句式 13 What makes a good language learner is not talent alone but consistent effort and curiosity. 造就优秀语言学习者的不仅仅是天赋，更是持续的努力和好奇心。 通用句式 14 Instead of relying on your phone to look up every new word, why not try guessing from context first? 与其依赖手机查每一个生词，为什么不先试试从语境中猜测呢？ 2026·全国一卷B，改写 15 As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect,” which means that only through repeated practice can we truly master a language. 正如谚语所说，“熟能生巧”，这意味着只有通过反复练习，我们才能真正掌握一门语言。 通用句式 词句基础练 习题一：中译英 1. When you ____________ (遇到) a new word, you should ____________ (查阅) it in a dictionary rather than asking someone else. 2. The ____________ (大多数) of students find English spelling ____________ (令人困惑的), but with ____________ (正确的方法) they can improve. 3. ____________ (根据研究), print reading leads to better ____________ (记忆保持) than screen reading, especially when tasks require ____________ (心理抽象). 4. She ____________ (用铅笔标记) every new word she looked up and measured her ____________ (进步) by counting the marks. 5. The ____________ (浅化假说) suggests that people approach digital texts with an ____________ (娱乐心态) and ____________ (投入更少的脑力) than when reading print. 6. If you want to improve your writing, you should ____________ (不停笔写作) for ten minutes and then ____________ (修改) your draft. 7. What ____________ (真正重要) is not the tool you use but your ____________ (好奇心和求知欲) to learn. 8. Reading widely helps you ____________ (扩大词汇量) and ____________ (熟悉) different writing styles. 9. The teacher encouraged us to ____________ (走出舒适区) and ____________ (从错误中学习). 10. ____________ (突然想到) that I had been ____________ (忽视) the importance of reviewing vocabulary regularly. 11. This dictionary ____________ (追溯到) the 18th century, and it is considered a valuable ____________ (参考书). 12. She ____________ (对……好奇) how children acquire their first language so quickly, which led her to ____________ (主修) linguistics. 13. ____________ (不论你从哪里开始), the key is to ____________ (坚持) your learning plan and never ____________ (放弃). 14. The ____________ (多样性) of learning strategies means that each learner should find the ____________ (适合的) approach for themselves. 15. ____________ (与……相比) relying on your phone, using a paper dictionary can help you ____________ (集中注意力) on the learning process. 参考答案：come across; look up 2. majority; confusing; correct methods 3. According to research; retention; mental abstraction 4. marked with a pencil; progress 5. shallowing hypothesis; entertainment mindset; devote less mental effort 6. write nonstop; revise 7. really matters; curiosity and appetite 8. expand your vocabulary; be familiar with 9. step out of your comfort zone; learn from mistakes 10. It suddenly occurred to me; ignoring 11. dates back to; reference book 12. was curious about; major in 13. No matter where you start; stick to; give up 14. variety; suitable 15. Compared with; concentrate on 习题二：单句语法填空 1. When you ____________ (come) across a new word, you can ____________ (reference) a dictionary; good ____________ (reference) materials are essential for learners. 2. The course is ____________ on a communicative approach; students must master ____________vocabulary first, and the ____________of good writing is reading. (base) 3. Learning strategies ____________ from person to person; a ____________of techniques should be employed, and students face ____________challenges. (vary) 4. The ____________ of students ____________in science subjects; however, a ____________ concern is that many neglect language learning. (major) 5. I really ____________ your help with my essay; my ____________ goes beyond words, and I am truly ____________ of your patience. (appreciate) 6. We often ____________that screen reading is as good as print reading; this ____________ has been challenged by research. (assume) 7. The writer ____________ on his experience with a dictionary; upon ____________, he realized that curiosity matters more than the tool itself. (reflect) 8. English spelling can be very ____________; learners are often ____________ by similar words, which leads to ____________ in writing. (confuse) 9. Students who ____________well in class make faster progress; good ____________ is the foundation of effective learning. (behave) 10. Every learner has a ____________ way of acquiring a language; the ____________of each learning style should be respected. (unique) 11. Language learning requires ____________thinking; students should develop their ____________ by writing original sentences. (create) 12. To learn a language ____________, you need ____________ strategies; the ____________ of daily practice is remarkable. (effect) 13. Many people assume that a perfect method ____________; in reality, its ____________is doubtful, and no ____________ approach works for everyone. (exist) 14. Some learners ____________ the importance of spelling; such ____________ can lead to errors, and being ____________ of basic rules hinders progress. (ignore) 15. Reading widely ____________ vocabulary acquisition; the ____________ of extensive reading is essential for language development. (promote) 参考答案：come; refer to; reference 2. based; basic; basis 3. vary; variety; various 4. majority; major; major 5. appreciate; appreciation; appreciative 6. assume; assumption 7. reflected; reflection 8. confusing; confused; confusion 9. behave; behaviour 10. unique; uniqueness 11. creative; creativity 12. effectively; effective; effect 13. exists; existence; existing 14. ignore; ignorance; ignorant 15. promotes; promotion 习题三：选词填空 第1组 come across look up refer to figure out skim through take notes work out put into practice be beneficial to have a good command of 1. When you ____________ an unfamiliar word while reading, try to guess its meaning from context first. 2. You can ____________ the new word in a dictionary if guessing does not work. 3. A good language learner knows when to ____________ reference materials and when to rely on context. 4. It took me a while to ____________ the grammar rule, but once I did, everything made sense. 5. Before reading a long article, it helps to ____________ the headings and the first paragraph. 6. ____________ while listening to a lecture helps you remember the key points. 7. It took the scientist years to ____________ the complex problem. 8. Learning a language is not just about memorising rules; you must ____________ them in real communication. 9. Regular reading ____________ vocabulary acquisition and overall language development. 10. Students who ____________ English can express themselves confidently in both writing and speaking. 参考答案：1. come across 2. look up 3. refer to 4. figure out 5. skim through 6. Taking notes 7. work out 8. put into practice 9. is beneficial to 10. have a good command of 第2组 be curious about step out of one's comfort zone have a passion for be eager to learn be related to date back to make an effort to overcome the fear of learn from mistakes be based on 1. Children who ____________ the world around them tend to learn languages more quickly. 2. To improve your speaking, you must ____________ and speak even when you feel nervous. 3. She ____________ languages and has studied five of them so far. 4. Young learners ____________ new words and are not afraid of making mistakes. 5. The shallowing hypothesis ____________ the idea that digital texts are approached with a less serious mindset. 6. Chinese characters ____________ thousands of years of history. 7. The communicative approach ____________ the belief that language is best learned through interaction. 8. If you want to make progress, you need to ____________ practise every day. 9. ____________ is an essential part of language learning; don't be afraid to make errors. 10. She managed to ____________ public speaking by practising in front of a mirror every day. 参考答案：1. are curious about 2. step out of your comfort zone 3. has a passion for 4. are eager to learn 5. is related to 6. date back to 7. is based on 8. make an effort to 9. Learning from mistakes 10. overcome the fear of 语篇拔高练 Passage A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For me, good low Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 1 (share) emotional and timeless beauty. Her book, River snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 2 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420) 3 the Song Dynasty (960—1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 4 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 5 (remarkable) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduce the imagery and rhythm of the 6 (original) words, while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that images cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 7 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 8 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 8 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 9 heart of a distant land. 【答案】 1．shared 2．was published 3．to 4．relatively 5．remarkable 6．original 7．to explain 8．or 9．presenting 10．the 【导语】文章主要说明了拉脱维亚的拉皮尼娅翻译中国历代古诗并出版获奖诗集，克服两国文学差异还原诗意韵律，辅以注释，希望借诗歌传递共通情感，加深当地人对中国文学的理解。 【详解】 1．考查形容词。句意：对我，优秀的拉脱维亚人皮尼娅，来说中国古代诗歌不仅仅是艺术——它是一座桥梁，通过共同的情感与永恒之美，连接着两种遥远的文化。修饰名词emotions用形容词shared，作定语。 2．考查时态语态。句意：她的译作《江雪：中国古代抒情诗选》于2024年出版，问世后迅速斩获多项重要奖项。主语book与谓语构成被动关系，结合in 2024可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 3．考查介词。句意：该书收录了陶渊明、谢灵运、李白和辛弃疾等文学巨匠的作品，时间跨度从东晋（317—420年）至宋朝（960—1279年）。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。 4．考查副词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮尼娅说。修饰形容词young用副词relatively。 5．考查形容词。句意同上。修饰名词poets用形容词remarkable。 6．考查形容词。句意：为了连接两种遥远的文化，她精心再现了原作的意象和韵律，同时将它们与拉脱维亚诗歌的音乐性相融合，创造出一种映照不同文化的诗意对话。修饰名词words应用形容词作定语。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：她甚至添加了注释，用以解释历史事件和诗人传记。此处explain作目的状语，用动词不定式。 8．考查固定句型。句意：在这一过程中，她力求传达原文的精髓，无论是诗歌还是学者的思考。固定短语whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当翻译传达到读者手中时，它便获得了新生，以她独特的诠释视角呈现中国。此处present与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 10．考查冠词。句意：拉皮尼娅希望自己的作品能加深当地人对中国文学的理解，正如她所说——诗歌就像一片雪花，穿越山河，落在遥远国度人们的心中。短语the heart of...表示“……的内心”。 Passage B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weidu Bookshop opened in London in 2024, not to make a grand statement about cultural exchange, but to solve a simpler problem: the scarcity of Chinese books in Britain. Since moving to the UK in 2016, Lyu Shasha had often returned from trips to China, with Chinese books 1 (pack) into her suitcase. The longer she lived abroad, the more she felt their 2 (absent). Britain has no shortage of bookshops or public reading culture, but for readers seeking carefully selected Chinese-language books, the 3 (shelf) stocked with such titles are limited. Lyu spent months selecting every title by hand, deliberately 4 (leave) out market-driven bestsellers in favor of works that might better represent Chinese literary taste. “In an age of information overload, what is 5 (true) scarce is not information but taste,” she said. The selections ranged from classical poetry and history books adapted for young readers 6 the Chinese-language Harry Potter series. Running a bookstore from thousands of miles away is never easy. On rare occasions, a package goes missing in delivery and each loss is 7 blow — Lyu admits that losing one, or knowing it might just sit somewhere unread, especially 8 (hurt). What surprised Lyu most was that the shop’s reach extended far beyond the Chinese community. A British man browsed so quietly that she assumed he could not read Chinese, 9 he turned out to be reading advanced literature. Lyu never set out to build a cultural bridge, yet the small encounters have added up, quietly transforming a niche bookstore into 10 , against all expectations, has become a genuine meeting point for cross-cultural dialogue. 【答案】 1．packed 2．absence 3．shelves 14．leaving 5．truly 6．to 7．a 8．hurts 9．but 10．what 【导语】文章主要讲述了吕莎莎（音译）在伦敦开办唯度中文书店的背景、选书理念、经营遇到的困难，以及这家小众书店意外成为跨文化交流对话站点的故事。 【详解】 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：自2016年移居英国以来，吕莎莎每次从中国旅行回来，行李箱里都塞满了中文书籍。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，Chinese books和动词pack之间是逻辑上的被动关系，需用过去分词作宾补。 2．考查名词。句意：她在国外生活得越久，就越能感受到这些中文书籍的缺失。空前是形容词性物主代词their，后面需接名词作felt的宾语，absent的名词形式是absence。 3．考查名词的数。句意：英国并不缺少书店或公共阅读文化，但对于想要寻找精心挑选的中文书籍的读者来说，陈列这类书籍的书架十分有限。空后的系动词是are，说明主语是复数名词，shelf的复数形式是shelves。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：吕莎莎花了数月时间亲手挑选每一本书，刻意不选迎合市场的畅销书，转而选择更能代表中国文学品味的作品。此处作伴随状语，逻辑主语Lyu和动词leave out之间是主动关系，需用现在分词形式。 5．考查副词。句意：她说：“在这个信息过载的时代，真正稀缺的不是信息，而是品味。”此处需要副词修饰形容词scarce，true的副词形式是truly。 6．考查介词。句意：选书范围涵盖了适合青少年阅读的古典诗歌和历史改编读物，以及中文版《哈利·波特》系列丛书。此处是固定搭配range from...to...，表示“范围从……到……”。 7．考查冠词。句意：极少数情况下，包裹会在配送途中丢失，每一次损失都是一次打击。此处blow是可数名词，意为“打击”，表示泛指“一次打击”，blow发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：吕莎莎承认丢失一个包裹，或者想到它可能就躺在某个地方无人翻阅，尤其让人难受。句子主语是动名词短语losing one, or knowing it might just sit somewhere unread，描述的是客观情况，谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。 9．考查连词。句意：有一位英国男士安静地浏览书籍，吕莎莎原本以为他看不懂中文，但结果发现他正在读高级文学作品。分析前后分句逻辑关系，此处是转折关系，需用转折连词but。 10．考查名词性从句。句意：吕莎莎从未打算搭建一座文化桥梁，但这些小小的相遇不断累积，悄无声息地将这家小众书店转变成了一个完全超出预期的、真正的跨文化对话交汇点。介词into后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，需用连接代词what。 Passage C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “To be, or not to be, that is the question.” Onstage, Dondhrup Tsering pronounced 1 Tibetan one of the most famous lines in Hamlet. Following the line, Tsering performed Hamlet’s long monologue (独白) with strong facial expressions and gestures, the highlight of one of William Shakespeare’s greatest plays. As a senior student of the Tibetan class of the Acting Department of Shanghai Theatre Academy (STA), which only 2 (accept) students every decade, Tsering and his classmates have spent nearly two months practicing Hamlet in both Putonghua and Tibetan. This adaptation of Hamlet, 3 script (剧本) of the Tibetan language was translated by 4 (experience) Tibetan writers based on the accent of Lhasa, represented a meaningful exploration and a perfect cooperation between the national language (Putonghua) and 5 ethnic minority language (Tibetan). “ 6 (pronounce) is a big challenge for these students coming from different areas of Xizang, with a large variety of Tibetan dialects (方言) with different accents,” said class tutor Yang Jia. Directed by experienced 7 (theatre) actor Pu Cunxin, the Putonghua and Tibetan versions of the drama were 8 (respective) given six and four public performances at the STA theater 9 (mark) an anniversary. “I’m looking forward to performing on stages the classic dramas of the West and China, as well as elements of my own ethnic group, and 10 (explore) more possibilities of cultural integration,” he said. 【答案】 1．in 2．accepts 3．whose 4．experienced 5．an 6．Pronunciation 7．theatrical 8．respectively 9．to mark 10．exploring 【导语】本文主要讲述上海戏剧学院藏族班学生用藏语和普通话排演《哈姆雷特》，在资深人士指导下公演，探索民族语言与通用语融合、中外文化融合的故事。 【详解】 1．考查介词。句意：在舞台上，顿珠次仁用藏语说出了《哈姆雷特》中最著名的台词之一。“in+某种语言”是固定搭配，表示“用某种语言”，此处表示用藏语说台词。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为上海戏剧学院（STA）表演系藏族班的一名大四学生，该学院的藏族班每十年才招收一次学生，次仁和他的同学花了近两个月的时间用普通话和藏语练习《哈姆雷特》。定语从句关系词which指代先行词the Tibetan class，为单数概念，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这部《哈姆雷特》改编版的藏语剧本由经验丰富的藏族作家基于拉萨口音翻译而成，它代表了一次有意义的探索，也是通用语（普通话）和少数民族语言（藏语）之间的完美合作。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词This adaptation of Hamlet和script是所属关系，用关系代词whose作定语修饰script。 4．考查形容词。句意：同上。此处修饰名词Tibetan writers，需要用形容词作定语，experience对应的形容词experienced意为“经验丰富的”。 5．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处泛指一门少数民族语言，ethnic发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 6．考查名词。句意：班主任杨佳表示：“这些学生来自西藏不同地区，藏语方言多样、口音各异，发音对他们来说是一个很大的挑战。”此处作句子的主语，需要用名词形式，pronounce对应的名词pronunciation意为“发音”，为不可数名词，句首首字母大写。 7．考查形容词。句意：由资深戏剧演员濮存昕执导，这部剧的普通话版和藏语版分别在上海戏剧学院剧场进行了6场和4场公演，以此纪念一个周年纪念日。此处修饰名词actor，需要用形容词作定语，theatre对应的形容词theatrical意为“戏剧的”。 8．考查副词。句意：同上。此处修饰动词given，需要用副词作状语，respective对应的副词respectively意为“分别地，各自地”。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示公演的目的是纪念周年，用不定式作目的状语，。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说：“我期待在舞台上演绎中西方的经典戏剧，并融入我本民族的元素，探索更多文化融合的可能性。”此处和前文的performing并列，作look forward to后的宾语，to是介词，需要用动名词形式。 Passage D 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Latvian poet Ieva Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 1 (share) emotions and timeless beauty. Her book, River Snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 2 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 — 420) 3 the Song Dynasty (960-1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 4 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 5 (remark) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduces the imagery and rhythm of the 6 (original) while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that bridges cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 7 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 8 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 9 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — Poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 10 heart of a distant land. 【答案】 1．shared 2．was published 3．to 4．relatively 5．remarkable 6．originals 7．to explain 8．or 9．presenting 10．the 【导语】文章主要说明了拉脱维亚诗人翻译中国历代古诗并出版获奖诗集，克服两国文学差异还原诗意韵律，辅以注释，希望借诗歌传递共通情感，加深当地人对中国文学的理解。 【详解】 1．考查形容词。句意：对拉脱维亚诗人伊娃·拉皮娜而言，中国古代诗歌不仅仅是一种艺术，更是一座桥梁，通过共同的情感与永恒的美，连接着两种遥远的文化。修饰名词emotions用形容词shared，作定语。 2．考查时态语态。句意：她的译作《江雪：中国古典诗词选集》于2024年出版，问世后迅速斩获多项重要奖项。主语book与谓语构成被动关系，结合后文可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 3．考查介词。句意：收录了陶渊明、谢灵运、李白和辛弃疾等文学巨匠的作品，时间跨度从东晋（317—420年）至宋代（960—1279年）。短语from…to…表示“从……到……”。 4．考查副词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮娜说。修饰形容词young用副词relatively。 5．考查形容词。句意：“将古代汉语翻译成现代拉脱维亚语是一项巨大的挑战，因为拉脱维亚文学相对年轻，而中国诗歌已有数千年的发展历史，形式丰富，诗人众多且成就卓著，”拉皮娜说。修饰名词poets用形容词remarkable。 6．考查名词的数。句意：为了连接两种遥远的文化，她精心再现原作的意象与节奏，并将其融入拉脱维亚诗歌的音乐性之中，创造出一种跨越文化的诗意对话。the originals表示原作、原文诗篇，用复数指代众多古诗。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：她甚至添加了注释，用以解释历史事件和诗人传记。此处explain作目的状语，用不定式。 8．考查固定句型。句意：在这一过程中，她力求传达原文的精髓，无论是诗歌还是学者的思考。句型whether…or…表示“无论是……还是……”。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，当翻译传达到读者手中时，它便获得了新生，以她独特的诠释视角呈现中国。此处present与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 10．考查冠词。句意：拉皮娜希望自己的作品能加深人们对中文文学的理解，正如她所说——诗歌就像一片雪花，穿越山河，最终落在遥远土地的中心。短语the heart of...表示“……的内心”。 Passage E 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, when Wang Lining, a professor at Beijing Language and Culture University, opened the popular AI model Doubao, she found she was met with 1 surprise that she could speak to the app in her local Cantonese dialect (方言). For Wang, the experience is more personal than technical. 2 (speak) about protecting and developing language resources, Wang says that in recent years she 3 (involve) in the Project for the Protection of Language Resources of China. This national initiative aims to systematically preserve Chinese dialects 4 fieldwork and multimedia recording, and it encourages 5 (qualify) local authorities to make use of historical buildings 6 (establish) venues for the preservation and promotion of language-related cultural heritage. A dialect museum was opened in Wuyi county, Zhejiang province. It was built in a restored historical site, 7 visitors can see traditional farming tools and other daily 8 (necessity). When people touch them, they can hear the local dialects related to the articles. “Our ambition doesn’t stop at museum displays. We want to create offerings that are part of everyday life — practical, engaging and fun — so that people willingly take part in keeping language culture alive 9 helping it grow,” said Wang. Language is the carrier of civilization and the root of culture, and practice is 10 (precise) the key to activating this root. When we lift the language culture from the pages of textbooks and make it part of everyday life, it begins to take root in hearts and minds. 【答案】 1．a 2．Speaking 3．has been involved 4．through 5．qualified 6．to establish 7．where 8．necessities 9．and 10．precisely 【导语】主要讲述北京语言大学教授王莉宁结合豆包AI支持粤语交互的体验，介绍我国语言资源保护工程保护方言、打造方言博物馆并让语言文化融入日常生活的举措。 【详解】 1．考查冠词。句意：近日，北京语言大学教授王莉宁打开热门人工智能模型豆包时，她十分惊喜地发现自己可以用家乡粤语和这款应用对话。surprise此处为可数名词单数，表“一件令人惊讶的事”，空前无限定词，此处表泛指，且surprise是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：谈及保护与开发语言资源，王莉宁表示近年来她一直参与中国语言资源保护工程。此处非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Wang与动词speak之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词speaking，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 3．考查动词时态与语态。句意：谈及保护与开发语言资源，王莉宁表示近年来她一直参与中国语言资源保护工程。involve在从句中作谓语动词，根据时间状语in recent years可知用现在完成时；从句主语she与动词involve之间为被动关系，所以此处使用现在完成时态的被动语态，且主语she为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has been involved。 4．考查介词。句意：这项国家级专项行动旨在通过实地调研与多媒体录制系统保护中国各地方言，同时鼓励具备资质的地方政府依托历史建筑设立场馆，用以保护和推广各类语言类文化遗产。此处表示“通过实地考察与多媒体录制”，用介词through，与fieldwork and multimedia recording构成介宾短语作方式状语。 5．考查形容词。句意：这项国家级专项行动旨在通过实地调研与多媒体录制系统保护中国各地方言，同时鼓励具备资质的地方政府依托历史建筑设立场馆，用以保护和推广各类语言类文化遗产。此处修饰名词local authorities，需用形容词，qualify对应的形容词qualified，意为“有资质的、合格的”，作定语。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：这项国家级专项行动旨在通过实地调研与多媒体录制系统保护中国各地方言，同时鼓励具备资质的地方政府依托历史建筑设立场馆，用以保护和推广各类语言类文化遗产。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处说明利用古建筑的目的，所以用动词不定式to establish作目的状语。 7．考查定语从句。句意：该博物馆坐落于一处修缮完毕的历史旧址内，游客在这里能看到传统农具以及各类日常用品。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词a restored historical site表地点，关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。 8．考查名词复数。句意：该博物馆坐落于一处修缮完毕的历史旧址内，游客在这里能看到传统农具以及各类日常用品。与farming tools并列作宾语，necessity表示“必需品”为可数名词，前有other修饰，用复数形式necessities表示泛指意义，名词短语daily necessities为固定搭配，意为“生活必需品”。 9．考查连词。句意：王教授表示：“我们的目标不止停留在博物馆展品展示层面。我们希望创造融入日常生活的各类文化产品——实用、吸引人且富有趣味——让人们主动参与传承语言文化，并推动其持续发展。”keeping language culture alive与helping it grow是并列动名词短语作in宾语，表顺承并列关系，用并列连词and连接。 10．考查副词。句意：语言是文明的载体、文化的根基，而实践恰恰是激活这一根基的关键。此处修饰系动词is，需要副词作状语，precise对应的副词是precisely，意为“恰好、正是”。 Passage F 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every morning, 1 firm determination and hope for a bright future, 20-year-old Bakhtiar Aryubzi walks into the Chinese-language classroom at Nangarhar University in eastern Afghanistan. For him and a growing number of young Afghans, mastering Chinese is more than a practical skill; it is a pathway 2 (connect) cultures, foster understanding, and open doors between Afghanistan and 3 (neighbor) China. The interest in learning Chinese is surging not only in the capital but also day by day across the east of 4 country. Although job opportunities and scholarships draw many students, the deeper 5 (motivate) for many lies in cultural exchange, and the chance to share Afghan heritage while they are embracing Chinese traditions, history, and values. Abdul Kabir Halimi, 6 journeyed hundreds of kilometers from the remote and mountainous province of Nuristan to Nangarhar University, is now at his HSK 4 level and already speaks Chinese 7 (fluent). “I am interested in learning Chinese. Our province is remote, and there are no educational opportunities, so I came here,” he said. He is witnessing the rewards of his year-long efforts and envisions even greater possibilities ahead. Under the framework of Afghanistan’s Confucius Institute, a Chinese language course 8 (establish) at Nangarhar University in 2018. Since then, it has provided opportunities for more than 130 Afghan youths to learn Chinese. Through language, students like Aryubzi and Halimi see 9 (they) not only gaining economic opportunities but actively contributing to mutual understanding, translating texts, sharing traditions, 10 building lasting people-to-people connections between Afghanistan and China. 【答案】 1．with 2．to connect 3．neighboring 4．the 5．motivation 6．who 7．fluently 8．was established 9．themselves 10．and 【导语】文章介绍了越来越多的阿富汗年轻人积极学习中文，将其视为连接文化、促进理解、获得就业与深造机会的重要桥梁。 【详解】 1．考查介词。句意：每天早晨，怀着坚定决心和对光明未来的希望，20岁的Bakhtiar Aryubzi走进阿富汗东部楠格哈尔大学的中文教室。结合空后的名词短语“firm determination and hope”可知，此处表示“怀着坚定的决心和希望”，应用介词with引出伴随的状态或方式。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：对他和越来越多的阿富汗年轻人来说，掌握中文不仅是一项实用技能，更是连接文化、促进理解、打开阿富汗与邻国中国之间交流大门的途径。结合后面的“foster”和“open”为动词原形可知，此处应用connect“连接”的不定式作后置定语，说明pathway“途径，路径”的功能。 3．考查形容词。句意：对他和越来越多的阿富汗年轻人来说，掌握中文不仅是一项实用技能，更是连接文化、促进理解、打开阿富汗与邻国中国之间交流大门的途径。空处作修饰China的定语，形容词neighboring符合题意，意为“邻近的”。 4．考查冠词。句意：学习中文的热潮不仅在首都日益高涨，在阿富汗东部地区也日渐兴起。此处的国家特指上文提到的阿富汗，country前应用定冠词the。 5．考查名词。句意：尽管工作机会和奖学金吸引了许多学生，但对许多人而言，更深层的动机在于文化交流，以及在拥抱中国传统、历史和价值观的同时分享阿富汗文化遗产的机会。空处作主语，被deeper修饰，名词motivation符合题意，意为“动机”，是不可数名词。 6．考查定语从句。句意：从偏远山区努里斯坦省跋涉数百公里来到楠格哈尔大学的Abdul Kabir Halimi，现已通过HSK 4级考试，并能流利地说中文。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Abdul Kabir Halimi作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who作引导词。 7．考查副词。句意：从偏远山区努里斯坦省跋涉数百公里来到楠格哈尔大学的Abdul Kabir Halimi，现已通过HSK 4级考试，并能流利地说中文。空处修饰动词speaks，结合“is now at his HSK 4 level”可知，副词fluently符合题意，意为“流利地”。 8．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在阿富汗孔子学院的框架下，楠格哈尔大学于2018年设立了中文课程。空处作句子的谓语，结合“in 2018”可知，时态应用一般过去时，establish“设立，创建”和主语a Chinese language course之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。 9．考查代词。句意：通过语言，像Aryubzi和Halimi这样的学生看到，他们不仅获得了经济机遇，更积极促进相互理解——翻译文本、分享传统，并建立中阿之间持久的人文联系。此处see这一动作的实施者和承受者相同，空处应用they的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。 10．考查连词。句意：通过语言，像Aryubzi和Halimi这样的学生看到，他们不仅获得了经济机遇，更积极促进相互理解——翻译文本、分享传统，并建立中阿之间持久的人文联系。空后的building与前面的contributing、translating以及sharing构成并列关系，最后一项前需用并列连词and连接。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 04 语言学习—2027高考英语主题语境词汇识记与应用 第一部分 词性转换专题 序号 核心词与派生链 语境例句 中文翻译 1 refer vi. 提到；参考；查阅 vt. 查询 → reference n. 参考；提及 → referee n. 裁判 When you come across a new word, you can refer to a dictionary; good reference books are essential for language learners, and even a referee must consult the rulebook. 遇到生词时，你可以查阅词典；好的参考书对语言学习者至关重要，甚至裁判也必须查阅规则手册。 2 base vt. 以……为基础 n. 基础 → basic adj. 基本的 → basis n. 基础；根据 → basement n. 地下室 The course is based on a communicative approach; students must master basic vocabulary first, and the basis of good writing is reading widely. 这门课程以交际法为基础；学生必须首先掌握基本词汇，而好写作的基础是广泛阅读。 3 vary vi. 变化；不同 → variety n. 多样化；变体 → various adj. 各种各样的 → varied adj. 多变的 Learning strategies vary from person to person; a variety of techniques should be employed, and students face various challenges in language learning. 学习方法因人而异；应该采用多种技巧，学生在语言学习中面临各种各样的挑战。 4 major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 专业 → majority n. 大多数 → minor adj. 次要的 The majority of students major in science subjects; however, a major concern is that many neglect language learning. 大多数学生主修理科；然而，一个主要的担忧是许多人忽视了语言学习。 5 appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；重视 → appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 → appreciative adj. 感激的 I really appreciate your help with my English essay; my appreciation goes beyond words, and I am truly appreciative of your patience. 我真的很感激你帮助我修改英语作文；我的感激之情难以言表，我对你的耐心真心感激。 6 assume vt. 认为；假定 → assumption n. 假定；假设 → assuming conj. 假定 We often assume that reading on screens is as effective as reading on paper; this assumption has been challenged by the shallowing hypothesis. 我们常常认为屏幕阅读和纸质阅读一样有效；这一假设已受到“浅化假说”的挑战。 7 reflect vi. & vt. 仔细思考；反映 → reflection n. 深思；反射；映像 → reflective adj. 沉思的 The writer reflected on his own experience of learning with a dictionary; upon reflection, he realized that curiosity matters more than the tool itself. 作者反思了自己用词典学习的经历；经过深思，他意识到好奇心比工具本身更重要。 8 confuse vt. 使困惑 → confused adj. 感到困惑的 → confusing adj. 令人困惑的 → confusion n. 困惑 English spelling can be very confusing; learners are often confused by words that look similar, which leads to confusion in writing. 英语拼写可能非常令人困惑；学习者常常被看起来相似的单词弄糊涂，这导致写作中的困惑。 9 behave vi. 表现；运转 → behaviour n. 行为；举止 Students who behave well in class tend to make faster progress; good behaviour is the foundation of effective learning. 课堂上表现好的学生往往进步更快；良好的行为是有效学习的基础。 10 unique adj. 独特的 → uniqueness n. 独特性 Every learner has a unique way of acquiring a language; the uniqueness of each learning style should be respected. 每个学习者都有独特的语言习得方式；每种学习风格的独特性都应受到尊重。 11 create vt. 创造 → creative adj. 有创造力的 → creativity n. 创造力 → creation n. 创造物 → creator n. 创造者 Language learning requires creative thinking; students should develop their creativity by writing original sentences, and the creator of a new word may become famous. 语言学习需要创造性思维；学生应通过写原创句子来培养创造力，新词的创造者可能会成名。 12 effect n. 效果 → effective adj. 有效的 → effectively adv. 有效地 To learn a language effectively, you need effective strategies; the effect of daily practice is remarkable. 要有效地学习一门语言，你需要有效的策略；每天练习的效果是显著的。 13 exist vi. 存在 → existence n. 存在 → existing adj. 现存的 → nonexistent adj. 不存在的 Many people assume that a perfect learning method exists; in reality, its existence is doubtful, and no existing approach works for everyone. 许多人认为存在一种完美的学习方法；事实上，它的存在是值得怀疑的，没有任何现有的方法对每个人都有效。 14 ignore vt. 忽视 → ignorance n. 无知 → ignorant adj. 无知的 Some learners ignore the importance of spelling; such ignorance can lead to errors, and being ignorant of basic rules hinders progress. 一些学习者忽视拼写的重要性；这种忽视可能导致错误，对基本规则的无知会阻碍进步。 15 familiar adj. 熟悉的 → unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的 → familiarity n. 熟悉 Learners often skip words that are unfamiliar; however, familiarity with new vocabulary grows through repeated exposure. 学习者常常跳过不熟悉的单词；然而，对新词汇的熟悉度通过反复接触而增长。 16 promote vt. 促进 → promotion n. 促进；晋升 Reading widely promotes vocabulary acquisition; the promotion of extensive reading is essential for language development. 广泛阅读促进词汇习得；推广泛读对语言发展至关重要。 17 concentrate vi. 集中 → concentration n. 集中 → concentrated adj. 集中的 When reading digital texts, people often lack concentration; to learn effectively, you must concentrate on the material and devote concentrated effort. 阅读数字文本时，人们常常缺乏专注力；要有效学习，你必须专注于材料并投入集中的努力。 18 contribute vi. & vt. 贡献；促成 → contribution n. 贡献 → contributor n. 贡献者 A good dictionary contributes to effective learning; the contribution of Samuel Johnson to English lexicography is enormous. 一本好词典有助于有效学习；塞缪尔·约翰逊对英语词典编纂的贡献是巨大的。 19 differ vi. 不同 → difference n. 差异 → different adj. 不同的 → differently adv. 不同地 Learning styles differ from person to person; the difference is obvious, and each learner approaches language differently. 学习风格因人而异；差异是明显的，每个学习者以不同的方式学习语言。 20 predict vt. 预测 → prediction n. 预测 → predictable adj. 可预测的 Research predicts that print reading leads to better retention than screen reading; this prediction is supported by a large body of evidence. 研究预测纸质阅读比屏幕阅读的记忆保持更好；这一预测得到了大量证据的支持。 第二部分 语块化词汇·短语 （一）语言学习策略与方法 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） strategy n. 策略；战略 learning strategy 学习策略； adopt a strategy 采取策略 approach n. & vt. 方法；途径；接近 a communicative approach 交际法；approach to learning 学习方法 technique n. 技巧；技术 writing technique 写作技巧；effective technique 有效技巧 method n. 方法；办法 teaching method 教学方法；an effective method 有效的方法 memorise v. 记忆；背诵 memorise new words 背单词；memorise the text 背诵课文 review v. & n. 复习；回顾 review lessons 复习功课；regular review 定期复习 summarise v. 总结；概括 summarise the main idea 概括主旨；summarise key points 总结要点 scan vt. 快速浏览；扫描 scan for key information 快速查找关键信息 skim vt. 略读；浏览 skim through the passage 略读文章 infer vt. 推断；推论 infer meaning from context 从语境推断含义 take notes phr. 记笔记 take notes while reading 阅读时记笔记 look up phr. 查阅 look up a word in a dictionary 在词典中查词 refer to phr. 参考；查阅 refer to a dictionary 查阅词典 work out phr. 弄懂；理解 work out the meaning 弄懂意思 come across phr. 偶然遇到 come across a new word 偶遇生词 figure out phr. 弄明白 figure out the grammar rule 弄懂语法规则 （二）词汇学习与词典使用 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量 build vocabulary 扩大词汇量；a wide vocabulary 丰富的词汇量 dictionary n. 词典；字典 consult a dictionary 查词典；a paper dictionary 纸质词典 entry n. 词条；条目 look up an entry 查词条；a dictionary entry 词典词条 definition n. 释义；定义 the definition of a word 单词的释义 spelling n. 拼写 correct spelling 正确拼写； check the spelling 检查拼写 pronunciation n. 发音 correct pronunciation 正确发音； practise pronunciation 练习发音 context n. 语境；上下文 guess from context 从语境猜测； in this context 在这个语境中 collocation n. 搭配；词语搭配 common collocations 常见搭配 look up phr. 查阅 look up a word 查一个词 come across phr. 偶然遇到 come across an unfamiliar word 遇到不熟悉的词 mark with a pencil phr. 用铅笔标记 mark every entry with a pencil 用铅笔标记每个词条 wide-eyed adj. 睁大眼睛的；惊讶的 He kept saying, wide-eyed... 他睁大眼睛不停地说…… consult vt. 查阅；咨询 consult a dictionary 查词典； consult reference books 查阅参考书 （三）阅读技能与阅读方式 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） comprehension n. 理解力；阅读理解 reading comprehension 阅读理解 retention n. 保持；记忆 better retention 更好的记忆保持 concentration n. 专注；集中 reduced concentration 注意力下降；lack concentration 缺乏专注 multitask vi. 同时做多件事 a tendency to multitask 同时做多件事的倾向 print reading phr. 纸质阅读 the benefits of print reading 纸质阅读的好处 digital reading phr. 数字阅读 digital reading vs print reading 数字阅读与纸质阅读 onscreen adv. & adj. 在屏幕上（的） read a text onscreen 在屏幕上阅读 screen time phr. 屏幕使用时间 My screen time is off. 我的屏幕使用时间已关闭。 paperback n. 平装书 a paperback novel 一本平装小说 table of contents phr. 目录 read the table of contents first 先读目录 shallowing hypothesis phr. 浅化假说 the shallowing hypothesis 浅化假说 mental abstraction phr. 心理抽象 tasks requiring mental abstraction 需要心理抽象的任 draw inferences phr. 进行推断 draw inferences from a text 从文本中进行推断 devote less mental effort phr. 投入更少的脑力 devote less mental effort than reading print 比纸质阅读投入更少的脑力 （四）写作技能与写作方法 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） essay n. 文章；论文 write an essay 写文章；a well-organised essay 结构良好的文章 draft n. & vt. 草稿；起草 write a first draft 写初稿；draft an essay 起草文章 paragraph n. 段落 topic paragraph 主题段；develop a paragraph 扩展段落 spelling n. 拼写 correct spelling 正确拼写 proofread vt. 校对；校读 proofread your essay 校对你的文章 revise vt. 修改；修订 revise the draft 修改草稿 edit vt. 编辑；校订 edit the essay 编辑文章 writing nonstop phr. 不停笔写作 write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes 不停笔写10到15分钟 triple-space vt. 三倍行距 triple-space the draft 三倍行距写草稿 leave space for phr. 留出空间 leave space for revision 留出修改空间 put pen to paper phr. 下笔；动笔 put your pen to your paper 把笔放在纸上 be the judge of phr. 评判 Be the judge of your own writing. 做你自己文章的评判者。 （五）语言本质与语言多样性 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） native adj. & n. 本地的；本地人 a native speaker 母语者； be native to 原产于 billion n. 十亿 more than two billion people 超过二十亿人 variety n. 变体；多样化 a variety of languages 多种语言；language variety 语言变体 system n. 系统；体系 a writing system 书写系统； language system 语言体系 character n. 汉字；角色 Chinese characters 汉字； carve characters 刻字 symbol n. 符号；象征 a symbol of 一个……的象征 dialect n. 方言 a local dialect 当地方言 bilingual adj. 双语的 a bilingual dictionary 双解词典 unique adj. 独特的 a unique way of learning 独特的学习方式 cultural heritage phr. 文化遗产 protect cultural heritage 保护文化遗产 date back to phr. 追溯到 date back to ancient times 追溯到古代 be related to phr. 与……相关 be closely related to 与……密切相关 no matter where phr. 不论哪里 No matter where you go... 不论你去哪里…… （六）学习动机与态度 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） curiosity n. 好奇心 arouse curiosity 激发好奇心； out of curiosity 出于好奇 motivation n. 动机；积极性 learning motivation 学习动机； lack motivation 缺乏动力 appetite n. 欲望；胃口 the appetite for knowledge 对知识的渴望 enthusiasm n. 热情 show enthusiasm for 对……表现出热情 perseverance n. 毅力；坚持 with perseverance 凭借毅力 self-discipline n. 自律 develop self-discipline 培养自律 mindset n. 思维模式 a growth mindset 成长型思维； an entertainment mindset 娱乐心态 be curious about phr. 对……好奇 be curious about the world 对世界好奇 be eager to learn phr. 渴望学习 be eager to learn new words 渴望学习新单词 be willing to phr. 愿意 be willing to make mistakes 愿意犯错 have a passion for phr. 对……有热情 have a passion for languages 对语言有热情 step out of one's comfort zone phr. 走出舒适区 step out of your comfort zone 走出你的舒适区 make an effort to phr. 努力做 make an effort to practise 努力练习 （七）真题话题词汇精选 单词/短语 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） screen time phr. 屏幕使用时间 My screen time is off. 我的屏幕使用时间已关闭。（2026·全国一卷B） paper dictionary phr. 纸质词典 use a paper dictionary 使用纸质词典（2026·全国一卷B） wide-eyed adj. 睁大眼睛的 He kept saying, wide-eyed... 他睁大眼睛不停地说……（2026·全国一卷B） appetite n. 欲望；渴望 the appetite for knowledge 对知识的渴望（2026·全国一卷B） shine through phr. 凸显；显露 The benefits of print reading shine through. 纸质阅读的益处凸显出来。（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） shallowing hypothesis phr. 浅化假说 the shallowing hypothesis 浅化假说（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） entertainment mindset phr. 娱乐心态 an entertainment mindset 娱乐心态（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） devote less mental effort phr. 投入更少的脑力 devote less mental effort 投入更少的脑力（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） table of contents phr. 目录 read the table of contents 读目录（2021·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五） nonstop writing phr. 不停笔写作 write nonstop 不停笔写作（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五） triple-space vt. 三倍行距 triple-space the draft 三倍行距写草稿（2022·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五） print reading phr. 纸质阅读 print reading vs digital reading 纸质阅读与数字阅读 digital text phr. 数字文本 approach digital texts 接触数字文本（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） mental abstraction phr. 心理抽象 tasks requiring mental abstraction 需要心理抽象的任务（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C） 第三部分 话题句型 序号 英文句型 中文翻译 出处/话题 1 If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read probably does not matter very much. 如果你只是阅读小说或杂志，那么你的阅读速度可能无关紧要。 2021·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五 2 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. 当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上不间断地写十到十五分钟，别让笔离开纸。 2022·新高考Ⅱ卷 七选五 3 Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis.” 阅读研究人员提出了一种叫做“浅化假说”的理论。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C 4 According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 根据这一理论，人们以一种适合社交媒体的心态来处理数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比投入的精神努力也更少。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C 5 The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks to ones that require mental abstraction. 当实验者从提出简单任务转向需要心理抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处尤为凸显。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C 6 It wasn't, ultimately, the dictionary that got me there — not really. 最终，并不是那本词典让我走到了那里——真的不是。 2026·全国一卷B 7 It's not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite. 关键不在于单词本身或我们如何学习它们，而在于想要了解它们的欲望——那份好奇心和求知欲。 2026·全国一卷B 8 Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. 不久前，我上五年级的儿子凯文问我小说中一个词的意思。 2026·全国一卷B 9 Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. 我突然意识到他甚至不知道如何使用词典。 2026·全国一卷B 10 While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: “How can there be this many words?” 翻着书页时，他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词？” 2026·全国一卷B 11 The more you expose yourself to the language, the faster you will acquire it. 你接触这门语言越多，你习得它的速度就越快。 通用句式 12 It is not how many words you memorise but how well you use them that matters. 重要的不是你记住了多少单词，而是你能多好地运用它们。 通用句式 13 What makes a good language learner is not talent alone but consistent effort and curiosity. 造就优秀语言学习者的不仅仅是天赋，更是持续的努力和好奇心。 通用句式 14 Instead of relying on your phone to look up every new word, why not try guessing from context first? 与其依赖手机查每一个生词，为什么不先试试从语境中猜测呢？ 2026·全国一卷B，改写 15 As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect,” which means that only through repeated practice can we truly master a language. 正如谚语所说，“熟能生巧”，这意味着只有通过反复练习，我们才能真正掌握一门语言。 通用句式 词句基础练 习题一：中译英 1. When you ____________ (遇到) a new word, you should ____________ (查阅) it in a dictionary rather than asking someone else. 2. The ____________ (大多数) of students find English spelling ____________ (令人困惑的), but with ____________ (正确的方法) they can improve. 3. ____________ (根据研究), print reading leads to better ____________ (记忆保持) than screen reading, especially when tasks require ____________ (心理抽象). 4. She ____________ (用铅笔标记) every new word she looked up and measured her ____________ (进步) by counting the marks. 5. The ____________ (浅化假说) suggests that people approach digital texts with an ____________ (娱乐心态) and ____________ (投入更少的脑力) than when reading print. 6. If you want to improve your writing, you should ____________ (不停笔写作) for ten minutes and then ____________ (修改) your draft. 7. What ____________ (真正重要) is not the tool you use but your ____________ (好奇心和求知欲) to learn. 8. Reading widely helps you ____________ (扩大词汇量) and ____________ (熟悉) different writing styles. 9. The teacher encouraged us to ____________ (走出舒适区) and ____________ (从错误中学习). 10. ____________ (突然想到) that I had been ____________ (忽视) the importance of reviewing vocabulary regularly. 11. This dictionary ____________ (追溯到) the 18th century, and it is considered a valuable ____________ (参考书). 12. She ____________ (对……好奇) how children acquire their first language so quickly, which led her to ____________ (主修) linguistics. 13. ____________ (不论你从哪里开始), the key is to ____________ (坚持) your learning plan and never ____________ (放弃). 14. The ____________ (多样性) of learning strategies means that each learner should find the ____________ (适合的) approach for themselves. 15. ____________ (与……相比) relying on your phone, using a paper dictionary can help you ____________ (集中注意力) on the learning process. 习题二：单句语法填空 1. When you ____________ (come) across a new word, you can ____________ (reference) a dictionary; good ____________ (reference) materials are essential for learners. 2. The course is ____________ on a communicative approach; students must master ____________vocabulary first, and the ____________of good writing is reading. (base) 3. Learning strategies ____________ from person to person; a ____________of techniques should be employed, and students face ____________challenges. (vary) 4. The ____________ of students ____________in science subjects; however, a ____________ concern is that many neglect language learning. (major) 5. I really ____________ your help with my essay; my ____________ goes beyond words, and I am truly ____________ of your patience. (appreciate) 6. We often ____________that screen reading is as good as print reading; this ____________ has been challenged by research. (assume) 7. The writer ____________ on his experience with a dictionary; upon ____________, he realized that curiosity matters more than the tool itself. (reflect) 8. English spelling can be very ____________; learners are often ____________ by similar words, which leads to ____________ in writing. (confuse) 9. Students who ____________well in class make faster progress; good ____________ is the foundation of effective learning. (behave) 10. Every learner has a ____________ way of acquiring a language; the ____________of each learning style should be respected. (unique) 11. Language learning requires ____________thinking; students should develop their ____________ by writing original sentences. (create) 12. To learn a language ____________, you need ____________ strategies; the ____________ of daily practice is remarkable. (effect) 13. Many people assume that a perfect method ____________; in reality, its ____________is doubtful, and no ____________ approach works for everyone. (exist) 14. Some learners ____________ the importance of spelling; such ____________ can lead to errors, and being ____________ of basic rules hinders progress. (ignore) 15. Reading widely ____________ vocabulary acquisition; the ____________ of extensive reading is essential for language development. (promote) 习题三：选词填空 第1组 come across look up refer to figure out skim through take notes work out put into practice be beneficial to have a good command of 1. When you ____________ an unfamiliar word while reading, try to guess its meaning from context first. 2. You can ____________ the new word in a dictionary if guessing does not work. 3. A good language learner knows when to ____________ reference materials and when to rely on context. 4. It took me a while to ____________ the grammar rule, but once I did, everything made sense. 5. Before reading a long article, it helps to ____________ the headings and the first paragraph. 6. ____________ while listening to a lecture helps you remember the key points. 7. It took the scientist years to ____________ the complex problem. 8. Learning a language is not just about memorising rules; you must ____________ them in real communication. 9. Regular reading ____________ vocabulary acquisition and overall language development. 10. Students who ____________ English can express themselves confidently in both writing and speaking. 第2组 be curious about step out of one's comfort zone have a passion for be eager to learn be related to date back to make an effort to overcome the fear of learn from mistakes be based on 1. Children who ____________ the world around them tend to learn languages more quickly. 2. To improve your speaking, you must ____________ and speak even when you feel nervous. 3. She ____________ languages and has studied five of them so far. 4. Young learners ____________ new words and are not afraid of making mistakes. 5. The shallowing hypothesis ____________ the idea that digital texts are approached with a less serious mindset. 6. Chinese characters ____________ thousands of years of history. 7. The communicative approach ____________ the belief that language is best learned through interaction. 8. If you want to make progress, you need to ____________ practise every day. 9. ____________ is an essential part of language learning; don't be afraid to make errors. 10. She managed to ____________ public speaking by practising in front of a mirror every day. 语篇拔高练 Passage A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For me, good low Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 1 (share) emotional and timeless beauty. Her book, River snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 2 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317—420) 3 the Song Dynasty (960—1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 4 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 5 (remarkable) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduce the imagery and rhythm of the 6 (original) words, while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that images cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 7 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 8 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 8 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 9 heart of a distant land. Passage B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Weidu Bookshop opened in London in 2024, not to make a grand statement about cultural exchange, but to solve a simpler problem: the scarcity of Chinese books in Britain. Since moving to the UK in 2016, Lyu Shasha had often returned from trips to China, with Chinese books 1 (pack) into her suitcase. The longer she lived abroad, the more she felt their 2 (absent). Britain has no shortage of bookshops or public reading culture, but for readers seeking carefully selected Chinese-language books, the 3 (shelf) stocked with such titles are limited. Lyu spent months selecting every title by hand, deliberately 4 (leave) out market-driven bestsellers in favor of works that might better represent Chinese literary taste. “In an age of information overload, what is 5 (true) scarce is not information but taste,” she said. The selections ranged from classical poetry and history books adapted for young readers 6 the Chinese-language Harry Potter series. Running a bookstore from thousands of miles away is never easy. On rare occasions, a package goes missing in delivery and each loss is 7 blow — Lyu admits that losing one, or knowing it might just sit somewhere unread, especially 8 (hurt). What surprised Lyu most was that the shop’s reach extended far beyond the Chinese community. A British man browsed so quietly that she assumed he could not read Chinese, 9 he turned out to be reading advanced literature. Lyu never set out to build a cultural bridge, yet the small encounters have added up, quietly transforming a niche bookstore into 10 , against all expectations, has become a genuine meeting point for cross-cultural dialogue. Passage C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “To be, or not to be, that is the question.” Onstage, Dondhrup Tsering pronounced 1 Tibetan one of the most famous lines in Hamlet. Following the line, Tsering performed Hamlet’s long monologue (独白) with strong facial expressions and gestures, the highlight of one of William Shakespeare’s greatest plays. As a senior student of the Tibetan class of the Acting Department of Shanghai Theatre Academy (STA), which only 2 (accept) students every decade, Tsering and his classmates have spent nearly two months practicing Hamlet in both Putonghua and Tibetan. This adaptation of Hamlet, 3 script (剧本) of the Tibetan language was translated by 4 (experience) Tibetan writers based on the accent of Lhasa, represented a meaningful exploration and a perfect cooperation between the national language (Putonghua) and 5 ethnic minority language (Tibetan). “ 6 (pronounce) is a big challenge for these students coming from different areas of Xizang, with a large variety of Tibetan dialects (方言) with different accents,” said class tutor Yang Jia. Directed by experienced 7 (theatre) actor Pu Cunxin, the Putonghua and Tibetan versions of the drama were 8 (respective) given six and four public performances at the STA theater 9 (mark) an anniversary. “I’m looking forward to performing on stages the classic dramas of the West and China, as well as elements of my own ethnic group, and 10 (explore) more possibilities of cultural integration,” he said. Passage D 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For Latvian poet Ieva Lapina, ancient Chinese poetry is more than art — it is a bridge connecting two distant cultures through 1 (share) emotions and timeless beauty. Her book, River Snow: Anthology of Ancient Chinese Lyrics, 2 (publish) in 2024 and quickly secured several major honors. It features works by literary giants including Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun, Li Bai, and Xin Qiji, spanning from the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 — 420) 3 the Song Dynasty (960-1279). “Translating from ancient Chinese into modern Latvian was a great challenge, because Latvian literature is 4 (relative) young, while Chinese poetry has millennia of development, with rich forms and many 5 (remark) poets,” Lapina says. To connect two distant cultures, she carefully reproduces the imagery and rhythm of the 6 (original) while blending them with the musicality of Latvian verse, creating a poetic dialogue that bridges cultures. She even adds annotations (注释) 7 (explain) historical events and poet biographies. For Lapina, translation is not merely about words but about transmitting meaning and emotion across languages. In this endeavor, she strives to convey the essence of the original text, whether it is a poem 8 a scholar’s reflections. Thus, when the translation reaches the reader, it takes on a new life, 9 (present) China as filtered through her interpretive lens. Lapina hopes her work will deepen the local understanding of Chinese literature, just as she said — Poetry is like a snowflake that crosses mountains and rivers and falls into 10 heart of a distant land. Passage E 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, when Wang Lining, a professor at Beijing Language and Culture University, opened the popular AI model Doubao, she found she was met with 1 surprise that she could speak to the app in her local Cantonese dialect (方言). For Wang, the experience is more personal than technical. 2 (speak) about protecting and developing language resources, Wang says that in recent years she 3 (involve) in the Project for the Protection of Language Resources of China. This national initiative aims to systematically preserve Chinese dialects 4 fieldwork and multimedia recording, and it encourages 5 (qualify) local authorities to make use of historical buildings 6 (establish) venues for the preservation and promotion of language-related cultural heritage. A dialect museum was opened in Wuyi county, Zhejiang province. It was built in a restored historical site, 7 visitors can see traditional farming tools and other daily 8 (necessity). When people touch them, they can hear the local dialects related to the articles. “Our ambition doesn’t stop at museum displays. We want to create offerings that are part of everyday life — practical, engaging and fun — so that people willingly take part in keeping language culture alive 9 helping it grow,” said Wang. Language is the carrier of civilization and the root of culture, and practice is 10 (precise) the key to activating this root. When we lift the language culture from the pages of textbooks and make it part of everyday life, it begins to take root in hearts and minds. Passage F 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every morning, 1 firm determination and hope for a bright future, 20-year-old Bakhtiar Aryubzi walks into the Chinese-language classroom at Nangarhar University in eastern Afghanistan. For him and a growing number of young Afghans, mastering Chinese is more than a practical skill; it is a pathway 2 (connect) cultures, foster understanding, and open doors between Afghanistan and 3 (neighbor) China. The interest in learning Chinese is surging not only in the capital but also day by day across the east of 4 country. Although job opportunities and scholarships draw many students, the deeper 5 (motivate) for many lies in cultural exchange, and the chance to share Afghan heritage while they are embracing Chinese traditions, history, and values. Abdul Kabir Halimi, 6 journeyed hundreds of kilometers from the remote and mountainous province of Nuristan to Nangarhar University, is now at his HSK 4 level and already speaks Chinese 7 (fluent). “I am interested in learning Chinese. Our province is remote, and there are no educational opportunities, so I came here,” he said. He is witnessing the rewards of his year-long efforts and envisions even greater possibilities ahead. Under the framework of Afghanistan’s Confucius Institute, a Chinese language course 8 (establish) at Nangarhar University in 2018. Since then, it has provided opportunities for more than 130 Afghan youths to learn Chinese. Through language, students like Aryubzi and Halimi see 9 (they) not only gaining economic opportunities but actively contributing to mutual understanding, translating texts, sharing traditions, 10 building lasting people-to-people connections between Afghanistan and China. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $