02 个人、家庭及社区生活 2027年高考英语复习主题语境词汇识记与应用

02 个人、家庭及社区生活—2027高考英语主题语境词汇识记与应用 第一部分 词性转换专题 序号 核心词与派生链 语境例句 中文翻译 1 anxious adj. 焦虑的；渴望的 → anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑 → anxiously adv. 焦虑地 She was anxious about the exam, and her anxiety kept her awake all night; she waited anxiously for the results. 她对考试感到焦虑，焦虑让她彻夜难眠；她焦虑地等待着结果。 2 annoy vt. 使恼怒，打扰 → annoyed adj. 生气的，烦恼的 → annoying adj. 令人恼火的 His annoying behaviour annoyed everyone in the room; I was clearly annoyed by his constant interruptions. 他令人恼火的行为惹恼了房间里的每个人；他不断的打断显然让我很恼火。 3 confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑 → confused adj. 困惑的 → confusing adj. 难以理解的 → confusion n. 困惑，混淆 The confusing instructions confused the students, and their confusion was obvious; they looked at each other with confused expressions. 令人困惑的说明让学生们感到困惑，他们的困惑显而易见；他们带着困惑的表情面面相觑。 4 argue vi. 争吵，争论 → argument n. 争吵，争论；论点 He often argues with his parents about his curfew, and the heated arguments between them are common. 他经常和父母争论宵禁的事，他们之间的激烈争论很常见。（译林必修一 U2） 5 appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 → appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 → appreciative adj. 欣赏的；感激的 I really appreciate your help, and my appreciation goes beyond words; I am truly appreciative of what you have done. 我真的很感激你的帮助，我的感激之情难以言表；我对你所做的一切真心感激。 6 embarrass vt. 使尴尬 → embarrassed adj. 尴尬的 → embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 → embarrassment n. 尴尬 His embarrassing question embarrassed me, and my embarrassment was obvious; I felt deeply embarrassed. 他那个令人尴尬的问题让我很尴尬，我的窘迫显而易见；我感到非常尴尬。 7 benefit n. 益处 vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于 → beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的 Regular communication with parents is beneficial to teenagers; it benefits both sides and brings mutual benefits. 与父母定期沟通对青少年有益；它使双方受益并带来互利。 8 forgive v. 原谅，宽恕 → forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕 Learning to forgive yourself is important; self-forgiveness is a positive step towards personal growth. 学会原谅自己很重要；自我宽恕是迈向个人成长的积极一步。（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五） 9 complain v. 抱怨，投诉 → complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 Teenagers often complain that their parents don't understand them, but such complaints may lead to deeper communication. 青少年常常抱怨父母不理解他们，但这种抱怨可能会带来更深层的沟通。 10 desire n. 渴望 vt. 渴望 → desirable adj. 理想的；值得做的 Teenagers have a strong desire for independence, and it is desirable for parents to give them more freedom. 青少年对独立有强烈的渴望，父母给予更多自由是可取的。 11 responsible adj. 负责的 → responsibility n. 责任 As you grow up, you should be responsible for your own decisions; taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step. 随着你长大，你应该对自己的决定负责；为错误承担责任是积极的一步。（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五） 12 independent adj. 独立的 → independence n. 独立 → depend vi. 依靠 → dependent adj. 依靠的 Teenagers long for independence and want to make decisions on their own, but they are still dependent on their parents in many ways. 青少年渴望独立，想独自做决定，但在许多方面仍然依赖父母。（译林必修一 U2） 13 memory n. 回忆；记忆力 → memorize v. 记住，熟记 → memorable adj. 难忘的 My grandmother shared her memories of childhood, and it was a truly memorable moment that I will always treasure. 祖母分享了她的童年回忆，那是一个我永远珍视的难忘时刻。（2024·全国甲卷 完形） 14 tolerate vt. 容忍 → tolerant adj. 容忍的 → tolerance n. 容忍 A harmonious family requires every member to tolerate each other's differences; being tolerant creates an atmosphere of tolerance and love. 和谐的家庭需要每个成员容忍彼此的差异；宽容创造了一种包容和爱的氛围。 15 recognize vt. 认出；承认 → recognition n. 认出；认可 She recognized all of her strengths and wrote them down; this self-recognition helped boost her confidence. 她认识到自己所有的优点并记录下来；这种自我认可帮助她增强了自信。（2020·全国Ⅰ卷 七选五，改写） 16 correspond vi. 通信；相一致 → correspondence n. 通信；信件 She kept in correspondence with her grandparents after moving away, and their correspondence strengthened their family bond. 搬走后她与祖父母保持通信，他们的书信往来加强了家庭纽带。 17 assume vt. 假定，认为 → assumption n. 假定，假设 → assuming conj. 假定 We often assume that our parents will always be there for us; this assumption is natural but we should also learn to be independent. 我们常常认为父母会一直在我们身边；这种假设很自然，但我们也应该学会独立。 18 observe v. 观察；遵守；庆祝 → observation n. 观察 By observing his grandmother's daily routines, he made an important observation about the value of simple living. 通过观察祖母的日常起居，他对简朴生活的价值有了重要的观察。 19 settle v. 和解；定居 → settlement n. 解决；定居点 → settler n. 移民者 After a long argument, they finally settled their differences; the settlement brought peace back to the family. 经过长时间的争论，他们终于解决了分歧；和解让家庭恢复了平静。 20 engage v. 参与；使从事 → engaged adj. 忙于……的 →engagement n. 参与；订婚 She is deeply engaged in community volunteer work, and her engagement has made a real difference to the neighbourhood. 她深入参与社区志愿工作，她的参与对社区产生了真正的影响。 第二部分 语块化词汇·短语 （一）个人成长与自我认知 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） identity n. 身份；特征 sense of identity 身份认同； cultural identity 文化认同 self-control n. 自制力；自我控制 develop self-control 培养自制力；lose self-control 失去自制力 self-acceptance n. 自我接纳 practise self-acceptance 练习自我接纳；a journey towards self-acceptance 一段自我接纳之旅 self-forgiveness n. 自我宽恕 learn self-forgiveness 学会自我宽恕；a writing exercise for self-forgiveness 自我宽恕的写作练习 confidence n. 自信；信心 build/boost confidence 建立/增强自信；lose confidence 失去信心 strength n. 优点；力量 recognize one's strengths 认识到自己的优点；play to one's strengths 发挥自己的优势 weakness n. 弱点；缺点 acknowledge one's weaknesses 承认自己的弱点 imperfection n. 不完美 accept one's imperfections 接受自己的不完美 potential n. & adj. 潜力；潜在的 realize one's potential 发挥潜力；reach one's full potential 充分发挥潜力 personality n. 性格；个性 an outgoing personality 外向的性格；a strong personality 坚强的个性 emotion n. 情感；情绪 control one's emotions 控制情绪；be overwhelmed with emotions 情绪激动 temptation n. 诱惑 resist temptation 抵制诱惑 mindset n. 思维模式 growth mindset 成长型思维；positive mindset 积极的心态 phase n. 阶段；时期 a phase of rapid development 快速发展的阶段 adolescent n. & adj. 青少年（的） adolescent physical and mental changes 青少年的身心变化 teenager n. 青少年 as a teenager 作为青少年 youth n. 青春；年轻人 in one's youth 在某人年轻时； the youth 年轻人（总称） responsibility n. 责任 take responsibility for 为……承担责任 independence n. 独立 long for independence 渴望独立；financial independence 经济独立 goal n. 目标 set a goal 设定目标；a goal that belongs to you 属于你自己的目标 target n. 目标；靶子 set a target 设定目标； hit the target 达到目标 self-doubt n. 自我怀疑 overcome self-doubt 克服自我怀疑 expectation n. 期望 live up to expectations 不辜负期望；meet expectations 达到期望 pressure n. 压力 under pressure 在压力下；peer pressure 同伴压力 （二）家庭关系与亲情 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） household n. & adj. 家庭；家庭的 multigenerational household 多代同堂的家庭；household chores 家务 generation n. 一代（人） generation gap 代沟；the younger generation 年轻一代 bond n. & v. 纽带；联系 family bond 家庭纽带；strengthen the bond 加强纽带 relationship n. 关系 parent-child relationship 亲子关系；build a good relationship 建立良好关系 tension n. 紧张关系；紧张 family tensions 家庭紧张关系；ease the tension 缓和紧张 argument n. 争吵；论点 heated argument 激烈的争论；settle an argument 解决争论 misunderstanding n. 误解 clear up misunderstandings 消除误解 conflict n. & vi. 冲突；矛盾 family conflict 家庭冲突； resolve a conflict 解决冲突 communication n. 交流；沟通 regular and honest communication 定期坦诚的交流 unconditional adj. 无条件的 unconditional love 无条件的爱 accompany vt. 陪伴；陪同 accompany sb. to 陪伴某人去… bring up phr. 抚养，养育 bring up children 抚养孩子 raise vt. 抚养；举起；提高 raise a family 养家 care for phr. 照顾；关心 care for elderly parents 照顾年迈的父母 take care of phr. 照顾 take good care of 好好照顾 look after phr. 照顾 look after one's grandparents 照顾祖父母 generation gap phr. 代沟 bridge the generation gap 弥合代沟 see eye to eye phr. 看法一致 see eye to eye with sb. on sth. 在某事上与某人看法一致 settle for phr. 勉强接受 settle for less 勉强接受更少的 be proud of phr. 为……感到骄傲 be proud of one's family 为家庭感到骄傲 show respect for phr. 尊敬 show respect for the elderly 尊敬老人 keep in touch phr. 保持联系 keep in touch with family members 与家人保持联系 support the family phr. 养家 work hard to support the family 努力工作养家 pass down phr. 传承 pass down family traditions 传承家庭传统 warm harbour phr. 温暖的港湾 Family is the warmest harbour in our life. 家庭是我们生活中最温暖的港湾。 safe and sound phr. 安然无恙 return safe and sound 安然无恙地回来 breathe a sigh of relief phr. 如释重负 breathe a sigh of relief after hearing the news 听到消息后如释重负 （三）社区生活与邻里关系 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） community n. 社区；团体 local community 当地社区； community centre 社区中心 neighbourhood n. 街区；邻里 in the neighbourhood 在附近； a close neighbourhood 紧密的邻里关系 neighbour n. 邻居 next-door neighbour 隔壁邻居 resident n. 居民 local residents 当地居民 district n. 区；地区 residential district 住宅区 suburb n. 郊区 in the suburbs 在郊区 village n. 村庄 a quiet village 安静的村庄 hometown n. 家乡 return to one's hometown 回到家乡 community spirit phr. 社区精神 a strong sense of community spirit 强烈的社区精神 get along with phr. 与……相处 get along well with neighbours 与邻居相处融洽 lend a hand phr. 帮忙 lend a hand to those in need 向需要帮助的人伸出援手 help out phr. 帮忙 help out at the community centre 在社区中心帮忙 volunteer n. & v. 志愿者；自愿做 work as a volunteer 担任志愿者；volunteer to serve the community 自愿为社区服务 facility n. 设施 community facilities 社区设施； public facilities 公共设施 convenient adj. 方便的 It is convenient for residents to do shopping. 居民购物很方便。 atmosphere n. 氛围 a friendly atmosphere 友好的氛围 local adj. & n. 当地的；当地人 local customs 当地习俗； the locals 当地人 slow pace of life phr. 慢节奏生活 enjoy the slow pace of life in the town 享受小镇的慢节奏生活 a sense of belonging phr. 归属感 a strong sense of belonging 强烈的归属感 （四）情感描写与读后续写语块 语块 释义 典型语料 fly into a rage 勃然大怒 Looking at the rip in her new dress, she flew into a rage. 看着新连衣裙上的裂口，她勃然大怒。 take on a new look 焕然一新 The whole family cleaned and decorated, making the old courtyard take on a new look. 全家一起打扫布置，老家小院焕然一新。 laugh from ear to ear 开怀大笑 Grandpa told childhood stories, and the whole family laughed from ear to ear. 爷爷讲起童年趣事，全家人开怀大笑。 with butterflies in one's stomach 忐忑不安 He went home with the failed paper, having butterflies in his stomach. 拿着不及格的试卷回家，他忐忑不安。 be most willing to 心甘情愿 She was most willing to give up weekend trips to take care of her sick grandma. 为了照顾生病的奶奶，她心甘情愿放弃周末游玩计划。 be overwhelmed with guilt 充满内疚 He was overwhelmed with guilt after shouting at his mother. 对母亲大喊之后，他充满内疚。 hold one's hand tightly 紧紧握住某人的手 She held her mother's hand tightly, tears rolling down her cheeks. 她紧紧握住母亲的手，泪水顺着脸颊滑落。 bridge the gap 消除隔阂 A heart-to-heart talk helped bridge the gap between them. 一次推心置腹的交谈帮助他们消除了隔阂。 be at a loss 不知所措 At a loss for words, she simply hugged her father. 不知该说什么，她只是紧紧抱住了父亲。 catch one's breath 喘口气 They paused to catch their breath after running all the way home. 一路跑回家后，他们停下来喘了口气。 （五）真题话题词汇精选 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） multigenerational adj. 几代同堂的 multigenerational households 几代同堂的家庭（2020·全国Ⅲ卷C） isolation n. 孤独；隔离 at risk of isolation 面临被孤立的风险（2020·全国Ⅲ卷C） companionship n. 陪伴；友谊 the companionship of a dog 狗的陪伴（2022·全国甲卷 完形） reservation n. 保留意见；预订 with reservations 有所保留（2022·全国甲卷 完形） proposal n. 求婚；提议 get down on one knee to propose 单膝跪地求婚（2022·全国甲卷 完形） gratitude n. 感激；感恩 express gratitude for 对……表达感激（2024·全国甲卷 完形） poverty n. 贫穷 grow up in poverty 在贫穷中长大（2024·全国甲卷 完形） sacrifice n. & v. 牺牲；奉献 make sacrifices for 为……做出牺牲 wheelchair n. 轮椅 in a wheelchair 坐轮椅（2020·全国Ⅰ卷 完形） persistence n. 坚持 with persistence and effort 凭借坚持和努力 frustration n. 挫败感 overcome frustration 克服挫败感 nostalgic adj. 怀旧的 feel nostalgic about 对……感到怀旧 neighbourly adj. 睦邻的 a neighbourly community 睦邻友好的社区 pace n. 节奏；速度 the slow pace of life 慢节奏的生活 nourish vt. 滋养 the town that nourished him 滋养他的小镇 第三部分 话题句型 序号 英文句型 中文翻译 出处/话题 1 It is important to show yourself some forgiveness just as you would forgive a friend. 像原谅朋友一样原谅自己是很重要的。 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五 2 Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. 为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要为此过分自责。 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五 3 We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 我们常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧。 2020·全国Ⅰ卷 七选五 4 The thing is, it's true that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. 事实是，大多数人确实不是从成功中学习，而是从错误中学习。 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五 5 While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes. 当大人们在外面忙于严肃的谈话时，我独自留在厨房帮祖母洗碗。 2024·全国甲卷 完形 6 Looking back on my childhood, I have come to realize how much I took for granted. 回顾我的童年，我逐渐意识到我曾经把多少事情视为理所当然。 2024·全国甲卷 完形，改写 7 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation, more families are choosing to live together. 由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。 2020·全国Ⅲ卷 C 8 It was not until I left my hometown that I realized the unique value of its slow pace of life. 直到我离开家乡，我才意识到它慢节奏生活的独特价值。 2026·全国一卷 完形，改写 9 What matters most is not just the physical closeness but also the emotional bond between family members. 最重要的不仅仅是物理上的亲近，还有家庭成员之间的情感纽带。 2022·全国甲卷 完形，改写 10 Setting goals that belong to yourself is far more important than following what others expect of you. 设定属于你自己的目标远比追随他人的期望更重要。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷 完形，改写 11 The stronger the family bond is, the more support children will have when facing difficulties. 家庭纽带越牢固，孩子面对困难时得到的支持就越多。 通用句式 12 Regular and honest communication is the key to keeping the peace in the family. 定期坦诚的交流是维持家庭和睦的关键。 译林必修一 U2 13 Growing up is a rough ride, but with your parents' support, things will turn out all right. 成长是一个艰难的过程，但在父母的支持下，一切都会好起来的。 译林必修一 U2 14 Instead of comparing yourself with others, why not recognize your own strengths and celebrate your uniqueness? 与其拿自己和别人比较，为什么不认识到自己的优点并庆祝自己的独特之处呢？ 2020·全国Ⅰ卷 七选五，改写 15 It is not what we have but what we share that makes a family truly happy. 让一个家庭真正幸福的不是我们拥有什么，而是我们分享什么。 通用句式 词句基础练 习题一：中译英 1. Teenagers often ____________ (抱怨) that their parents don't understand them, but ____________ (坦诚的交流) can help bridge the gap. 2. She felt ____________ (焦虑的) about her physical changes, but her parents gave her ____________ (无条件的爱) and support. 3. Looking back on her ____________ (童年回忆), she realized how ____________ (幸运的) she had been. 4. The ____________ (多代同堂的) household is becoming more common in Britain as young people cannot afford to live ____________ (独自). 5. He ____________ (渴望) independence and wanted to ____________ (独自做决定), but his parents were not ready to ____________ (放手). 6. ____________ (与……看法一致) your parents on everything is impossible; what matters is to communicate ____________ (定期地). 7. After the heated ____________ (争论), they finally ____________ (和解) their differences and the family ____________ (紧张关系) eased. 8. The ____________ (社区) centre provides various ____________ (设施) for local ____________ (居民), including a gym and a library. 9. What she ____________ (珍惜) most about her hometown was the ____________ (慢节奏生活) and the ____________ (紧密的邻里关系). 10. It is important to show yourself some ____________ (宽恕); don't ____________ (过分自责) about your mistakes. 11. ____________ (与……相处) your roommates well requires patience and ____________ (宽容). 12. The company of her dog gave her great ____________ (陪伴) and kept her ____________ (孤独) at bay. 13. He was ____________ (如释重负) when he heard that his grandmother was ____________ (安然无恙). 14. ____________ (抚养) three children on a low income was a great ____________ (牺牲) for the single mother. 15. ____________ (回顾) his school years, he felt ____________ (感激的) for the teachers who had ____________ (激励) him. 习题二：单句语法填空 1. Her ____________ about the exam was obvious; she waited ____________ for the results and could not hide her ____________ (anxious). 2. His ____________ behaviour ____________ everyone in the room; I was clearly ____________ by his constant interruptions. (annoy) 3. The ____________ instructions ____________ the students, and their ____________ was obvious; they looked at each other with ____________ expressions. (confuse) 4. He often ____________with his parents about his curfew, and the heated ____________ between them are common. (argue) 5. I really ____________ your help, and my ____________ goes beyond words; I am truly ____________ of what you have done. (appreciate) 6. His ____________ question ____________me, and my ____________ was obvious; I felt deeply ____________ (embarrass). 7. Regular communication with parents is ____________ to teenagers; it ____________ both sides and brings mutual ____________ (benefit). 8. Learning to ____________ yourself is important; self-____________is a positive step towards personal growth. (forgive) 9. Teenagers often ____________ that their parents don't understand them, but such ____________ may lead to deeper communication. (complaint) 10. Teenagers have a strong ____________ for independence, and it is ____________for parents to give them more freedom. (desire) 11. As you grow up, you should be ____________ for your own decisions; taking ____________for mistakes is a positive step. (responsible) 12. Teenagers long for ____________and want to make decisions on their own, but they are still ____________ on their parents in many ways. (depend) 13. My grandmother shared her ____________ of childhood, and it was a truly ____________ moment that I will always treasure. (memorize) 14. A harmonious family requires every member to ____________ each other's differences; being ____________creates an atmosphere of ____________and love. (tolerance) 15. She ____________ all of her strengths and wrote them down; this self-____________ helped boost her confidence. (recognize) 习题三：选词填空 第1组 see eye to eye bring up be content with complain about break down get along with settle for take responsibility for long for cheer up 1. Teenagers and their parents don't always ____________ on everything, but honest communication can help. 2. She was ____________ by her grandparents in a small village after her parents moved to the city. 3. Many young people are not ____________ their current situation and are striving for a better life. 4. He used to ____________ his parents constantly, but after leaving home he began to appreciate them. 5. The relationship between the teenager and his mother ____________ after years of misunderstanding. 6. Don't ____________ less than you deserve; set high goals and work towards them. 7. Every family member should ____________ keeping the household running smoothly. 8. After moving to a big city, she began to ____________ the slow pace of life in her hometown. 9. It takes time and patience to ____________ new neighbours in a foreign country. 10. A heart-to-heart talk with her mother helped ____________ the frustrated girl. 第2组 be beneficial to have access to make a difference be overwhelmed with look back on live up to be aware of get into the habit of be grateful for let go 1. Regular family meals ____________ children's emotional development. 2. Residents in this community ____________ a wide range of public facilities. 3. A simple act of kindness can ____________ in someone's life. 4. She ____________ gratitude when her neighbours helped her during the difficult time. 5. ____________ his childhood, he realized how much his parents had sacrificed for him. 6. Many teenagers feel pressured to ____________ their parents' expectations. 7. Parents should ____________ their children's emotional needs, not just their academic performance. 8. ____________ spending quality time with your family every day. 9. We should ____________ the simple things in life, like a warm meal and a loving family. 10. Sometimes parents need to learn to ____________ and allow their children to make their own decisions. 语篇拔高练 Passage A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 A Journey Back to Each Other Inspired by my daughter’s tales of backpacking adventures and my desire to hang out with my youngest son outside the house, I booked two tickets to Shanghai for the September school holidays, surprising us both. We, 1 (arm) with a budget, some travel insurance, and a rough plan built around some last-minute internet searches, headed to the airport. We arrived in Shanghai, sleepy and excited, at 5: 30 a.m. Despite the early start, the air was already hot and soupy, 2 my son used as an excuse to head straight for a convenience store and buy one of the many drinks he 3 (remember) from all those years before. There is something very freeing about arriving in a place where you have no plans. And we didn’t. I discovered that he could find his way 4 remembering landmarks. Within a day he’d become 5 navigator, and I was the lost one, following behind. As tourists, we were exposed to everything together, giving us back a connection we don’t always have in our daily lives. He was the one who said we should hire bikes. He was the one who showed me how to speed up and led me through the streets downtown, laughing 6 I screamed in delight. He dragged me shopping for jeans in stores and made me catch buses 7 (take) us in the wrong direction entirely. He was just as likely as I was 8 (know) what train to catch, or find the right street to turn down, or stand in awe at the foot of a giant temple, or queue for hours for a steaming bowl of Xiaolongbao. I saw him differently in Shanghai. Travelling meant we were more like 9 (equal) — partners in adventure. And instead of missing the child version of him, I saw the adult he 10 (become). Passage B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have developed a profound appreciation for the distinctive qualities she possesses after years of marriage 1 my Chinese wife. With quiet devotion, she consistently maintains a harmonious household, 2 (manage) most domestic responsibilities independently. Although she often calls me “Làngfèi” for frequent dining out, her own 3 (finance) management is particularly impressive. I 4 (deep) admire the way she upholds our family’s social standing and respects the natural distinctions between men and women. Even so, I believe that the harmony of marriage is built on mutual adaptation. Like many, she has a determined nature — 5 quality, I, too, must admit I share. It was this 6 (realize) that led me to embrace the most valuable phrases in our marriage: “Zhīdào” (I know) and “Dòng” (I understand). Deploying (调度) them thoughtfully 7 (prevent) countless minor conflicts over cultural misunderstandings and her persistent health reminders over the past years. She has a frequent phrase “This is good for your health”, 8 meaning has shifted from nagging (唠叨) to heartfelt care. By prioritizing empathy over pride 9 mastering those simple phrases, we have built a relationship 10 (define) not by perfection, but by mutual understanding and enduring affection. This journey has taught me the true meaning of partnership. Passage C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A frail old man went to live with his son, daughter-in-law, and four-year-old grandson. 1 old man’s hands trembled, his eyesight was blurred, and his step faltered. The family ate together at the table. But the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands and 2 (fail) sight made eating difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon onto the floor. When he grasped the glass, milk spilled on the tablecloth. The son and daughter-in-law became angry with the mess. “I’ve had enough of his 3 (spill) milk, noisy eating, and food on the floor,” said the son. So the husband and wife set a small table in the corner. There, Grandfather ate alone 4 the rest of the family enjoyed dinner. Since Grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food 5 (serve) in a wooden bowl. When the family glanced 6 Grandfather’s direction, sometimes he had a tear in his eye. Still, the only words the couple had for him were sharp admonitions when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The four-year-old grandson watched it all in silence. One evening before supper, the father noticed his son 7 (play) with wood scraps on the floor. He asked the child 8 (sweet), “What are you making?” The boy responded, “Oh, I am making a little bowl for you and Mama to eat your food when I grow up.” The words struck the parents so hard that they were speechless. Then tears started to stream down their cheeks. Though no word was spoken, both knew what must be done. That evening the husband took his 9 (grandfather) hand and gently led him back to the family table. For the remainder of his days, he ate every meal with the family. And for some reason, neither husband nor wife seemed 10 (care) any longer when a fork was dropped, milk spilled, or the tablecloth soiled. Passage D 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever heard of ZXMOTO? It’s a Chinese motorcycle manufacturer. The founder of it is Zhang Xue, 1 lifelong motorcycle lover from Hunan, China. He started as a motorcycle repair trainee at 14 and got rich 2 (profession) experience through years of hard learning and practice. In 2024, he started ZXMOTO by himself, keeping to an independent research and development plan and refusing 3 (depend) too much on foreign technologies. In March 2026, French rider Valentin Debise made motorsport history by winning two victories at the World Supersport Championship. 4 (ride) a ZXMOTO motorcycle, he became the first rider to win top prizes in this world-famous race for a Chinese maker, a moment that 5 (surprise) the whole global motorsport industry. For many years, the top level of international motorcycle racing 6 (control) by strong brands like Yamaha and Ducati. ZXMOTO’s important success has finally broken the Japanese and European dominance in the international motorcycle racing scene, becoming a source 7 pride for Chinese sports. This victory is more than a great sporting success. It is a strong proof of the rising strength of Chinese manufacturing and home-made 8 (innovate). It shows 9 with true passion, firm determination and independent core technology, Chinese brands can develop world-class racing bikes, help top international riders compete at the highest level, and stand 10 (equal) among the world’s top motorcycle makers. Passage E 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jogging along the river path with my dad every weekend has taught me the true spirit of sports. Mrs Zhang, our PE teacher, often says persistence is one of the 1 (essential). I’ve rarely skipped these runs since last autumn, even when the wind bit sharply. One morning, I tripped over a stone and fell, 2 (injure) my knee. Feeling embarrassed, I wanted to quit, but Dad didn’t put me on the spot. He knelt down, cleaned my wound gently, and 3 a whisper, “Pain is part of growing — let’s take it slow.” His 4 (gentle) gave me strength to stand up. That day made me more enthusiastic, pushing myself to run a little 5 (far) each time. My mom 6 used to be a middle-distance runner, hopes I’ll follow in her footsteps, but she’s always 7 (appreciate) of my efforts, no matter what an outcome. Over the past six months, we 8 (participate) in three community races. I’ve learned that sports are about more than speed — the joy that comes from shared struggle is what makes it precious. When I finished my first 5K last Sunday, 49 moment that I’ll remember forever, seeing Dad wave and cheer made me crack a smile. Every painful muscle and early wake-up call proved we deserved the joy 9 (earn) step by step, as a blessing. Passage F 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhao Xinling likes to tell her son, whom she 1 (affectionate) calls Hao Hao, one particular story. At bedtime, a little hare asks a big hare to guess how much he loves him, and the little hare says, “I love you all the way to the moon.” “I tell my son, ‘Mom loves you, from here to the stars’” says Zhao. “Although I have been teaching him how to say ‘mom’ every day, he is still 2 (able) to say the word. He is now 24 years old.” 3 many parents of children with autism, the 64-year-old has faced challenges and worked hard to help her son since he 4 (diagnose) with severe autism at a very young age. Over the past years, she 5 (provide) support to more than 7,000 children with autism. She has witnessed the autistic community flourish — from being under-recognized to 6 (accept) increasingly — and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from 7 (broad) society. Autism is a disorder characterized by varying degrees of impairment of communication skills 58 social interaction. Children with autism are sometimes called “children of the stars” in China, as society often perceives them as lonely, and they can exhibit unconventional emotional reactions, language 8 (ability) or social skills. This year’s World Autism Awareness Day fell on April 2. A report on autism education showed that in 2019, there were more than 10 million people with an autism spectrum disorder in China, among 9 about 2 million were children aged under 12. 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 02 个人、家庭及社区生活—2027高考英语主题语境词汇识记与应用 第一部分 词性转换专题 序号 核心词与派生链 语境例句 中文翻译 1 anxious adj. 焦虑的；渴望的 → anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑 → anxiously adv. 焦虑地 She was anxious about the exam, and her anxiety kept her awake all night; she waited anxiously for the results. 她对考试感到焦虑，焦虑让她彻夜难眠；她焦虑地等待着结果。 2 annoy vt. 使恼怒，打扰 → annoyed adj. 生气的，烦恼的 → annoying adj. 令人恼火的 His annoying behaviour annoyed everyone in the room; I was clearly annoyed by his constant interruptions. 他令人恼火的行为惹恼了房间里的每个人；他不断的打断显然让我很恼火。 3 confuse vt. 使糊涂，使迷惑 → confused adj. 困惑的 → confusing adj. 难以理解的 → confusion n. 困惑，混淆 The confusing instructions confused the students, and their confusion was obvious; they looked at each other with confused expressions. 令人困惑的说明让学生们感到困惑，他们的困惑显而易见；他们带着困惑的表情面面相觑。 4 argue vi. 争吵，争论 → argument n. 争吵，争论；论点 He often argues with his parents about his curfew, and the heated arguments between them are common. 他经常和父母争论宵禁的事，他们之间的激烈争论很常见。（译林必修一 U2） 5 appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激 → appreciation n. 欣赏；感激 → appreciative adj. 欣赏的；感激的 I really appreciate your help, and my appreciation goes beyond words; I am truly appreciative of what you have done. 我真的很感激你的帮助，我的感激之情难以言表；我对你所做的一切真心感激。 6 embarrass vt. 使尴尬 → embarrassed adj. 尴尬的 → embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 → embarrassment n. 尴尬 His embarrassing question embarrassed me, and my embarrassment was obvious; I felt deeply embarrassed. 他那个令人尴尬的问题让我很尴尬，我的窘迫显而易见；我感到非常尴尬。 7 benefit n. 益处 vt. 使受益 vi. 得益于 → beneficial adj. 有利的，有帮助的 Regular communication with parents is beneficial to teenagers; it benefits both sides and brings mutual benefits. 与父母定期沟通对青少年有益；它使双方受益并带来互利。 8 forgive v. 原谅，宽恕 → forgiveness n. 原谅，宽恕 Learning to forgive yourself is important; self-forgiveness is a positive step towards personal growth. 学会原谅自己很重要；自我宽恕是迈向个人成长的积极一步。（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五） 9 complain v. 抱怨，投诉 → complaint n. 抱怨；投诉 Teenagers often complain that their parents don't understand them, but such complaints may lead to deeper communication. 青少年常常抱怨父母不理解他们，但这种抱怨可能会带来更深层的沟通。 10 desire n. 渴望 vt. 渴望 → desirable adj. 理想的；值得做的 Teenagers have a strong desire for independence, and it is desirable for parents to give them more freedom. 青少年对独立有强烈的渴望，父母给予更多自由是可取的。 11 responsible adj. 负责的 → responsibility n. 责任 As you grow up, you should be responsible for your own decisions; taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step. 随着你长大，你应该对自己的决定负责；为错误承担责任是积极的一步。（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五） 12 independent adj. 独立的 → independence n. 独立 → depend vi. 依靠 → dependent adj. 依靠的 Teenagers long for independence and want to make decisions on their own, but they are still dependent on their parents in many ways. 青少年渴望独立，想独自做决定，但在许多方面仍然依赖父母。（译林必修一 U2） 13 memory n. 回忆；记忆力 → memorize v. 记住，熟记 → memorable adj. 难忘的 My grandmother shared her memories of childhood, and it was a truly memorable moment that I will always treasure. 祖母分享了她的童年回忆，那是一个我永远珍视的难忘时刻。（2024·全国甲卷 完形） 14 tolerate vt. 容忍 → tolerant adj. 容忍的 → tolerance n. 容忍 A harmonious family requires every member to tolerate each other's differences; being tolerant creates an atmosphere of tolerance and love. 和谐的家庭需要每个成员容忍彼此的差异；宽容创造了一种包容和爱的氛围。 15 recognize vt. 认出；承认 → recognition n. 认出；认可 She recognized all of her strengths and wrote them down; this self-recognition helped boost her confidence. 她认识到自己所有的优点并记录下来；这种自我认可帮助她增强了自信。（2020·全国Ⅰ卷 七选五，改写） 16 correspond vi. 通信；相一致 → correspondence n. 通信；信件 She kept in correspondence with her grandparents after moving away, and their correspondence strengthened their family bond. 搬走后她与祖父母保持通信，他们的书信往来加强了家庭纽带。 17 assume vt. 假定，认为 → assumption n. 假定，假设 → assuming conj. 假定 We often assume that our parents will always be there for us; this assumption is natural but we should also learn to be independent. 我们常常认为父母会一直在我们身边；这种假设很自然，但我们也应该学会独立。 18 observe v. 观察；遵守；庆祝 → observation n. 观察 By observing his grandmother's daily routines, he made an important observation about the value of simple living. 通过观察祖母的日常起居，他对简朴生活的价值有了重要的观察。 19 settle v. 和解；定居 → settlement n. 解决；定居点 → settler n. 移民者 After a long argument, they finally settled their differences; the settlement brought peace back to the family. 经过长时间的争论，他们终于解决了分歧；和解让家庭恢复了平静。 20 engage v. 参与；使从事 → engaged adj. 忙于……的 →engagement n. 参与；订婚 She is deeply engaged in community volunteer work, and her engagement has made a real difference to the neighbourhood. 她深入参与社区志愿工作，她的参与对社区产生了真正的影响。 第二部分 语块化词汇·短语 （一）个人成长与自我认知 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） identity n. 身份；特征 sense of identity 身份认同； cultural identity 文化认同 self-control n. 自制力；自我控制 develop self-control 培养自制力；lose self-control 失去自制力 self-acceptance n. 自我接纳 practise self-acceptance 练习自我接纳；a journey towards self-acceptance 一段自我接纳之旅 self-forgiveness n. 自我宽恕 learn self-forgiveness 学会自我宽恕；a writing exercise for self-forgiveness 自我宽恕的写作练习 confidence n. 自信；信心 build/boost confidence 建立/增强自信；lose confidence 失去信心 strength n. 优点；力量 recognize one's strengths 认识到自己的优点；play to one's strengths 发挥自己的优势 weakness n. 弱点；缺点 acknowledge one's weaknesses 承认自己的弱点 imperfection n. 不完美 accept one's imperfections 接受自己的不完美 potential n. & adj. 潜力；潜在的 realize one's potential 发挥潜力；reach one's full potential 充分发挥潜力 personality n. 性格；个性 an outgoing personality 外向的性格；a strong personality 坚强的个性 emotion n. 情感；情绪 control one's emotions 控制情绪；be overwhelmed with emotions 情绪激动 temptation n. 诱惑 resist temptation 抵制诱惑 mindset n. 思维模式 growth mindset 成长型思维；positive mindset 积极的心态 phase n. 阶段；时期 a phase of rapid development 快速发展的阶段 adolescent n. & adj. 青少年（的） adolescent physical and mental changes 青少年的身心变化 teenager n. 青少年 as a teenager 作为青少年 youth n. 青春；年轻人 in one's youth 在某人年轻时； the youth 年轻人（总称） responsibility n. 责任 take responsibility for 为……承担责任 independence n. 独立 long for independence 渴望独立；financial independence 经济独立 goal n. 目标 set a goal 设定目标；a goal that belongs to you 属于你自己的目标 target n. 目标；靶子 set a target 设定目标； hit the target 达到目标 self-doubt n. 自我怀疑 overcome self-doubt 克服自我怀疑 expectation n. 期望 live up to expectations 不辜负期望；meet expectations 达到期望 pressure n. 压力 under pressure 在压力下；peer pressure 同伴压力 （二）家庭关系与亲情 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） household n. & adj. 家庭；家庭的 multigenerational household 多代同堂的家庭；household chores 家务 generation n. 一代（人） generation gap 代沟；the younger generation 年轻一代 bond n. & v. 纽带；联系 family bond 家庭纽带；strengthen the bond 加强纽带 relationship n. 关系 parent-child relationship 亲子关系；build a good relationship 建立良好关系 tension n. 紧张关系；紧张 family tensions 家庭紧张关系；ease the tension 缓和紧张 argument n. 争吵；论点 heated argument 激烈的争论；settle an argument 解决争论 misunderstanding n. 误解 clear up misunderstandings 消除误解 conflict n. & vi. 冲突；矛盾 family conflict 家庭冲突； resolve a conflict 解决冲突 communication n. 交流；沟通 regular and honest communication 定期坦诚的交流 unconditional adj. 无条件的 unconditional love 无条件的爱 accompany vt. 陪伴；陪同 accompany sb. to 陪伴某人去… bring up phr. 抚养，养育 bring up children 抚养孩子 raise vt. 抚养；举起；提高 raise a family 养家 care for phr. 照顾；关心 care for elderly parents 照顾年迈的父母 take care of phr. 照顾 take good care of 好好照顾 look after phr. 照顾 look after one's grandparents 照顾祖父母 generation gap phr. 代沟 bridge the generation gap 弥合代沟 see eye to eye phr. 看法一致 see eye to eye with sb. on sth. 在某事上与某人看法一致 settle for phr. 勉强接受 settle for less 勉强接受更少的 be proud of phr. 为……感到骄傲 be proud of one's family 为家庭感到骄傲 show respect for phr. 尊敬 show respect for the elderly 尊敬老人 keep in touch phr. 保持联系 keep in touch with family members 与家人保持联系 support the family phr. 养家 work hard to support the family 努力工作养家 pass down phr. 传承 pass down family traditions 传承家庭传统 warm harbour phr. 温暖的港湾 Family is the warmest harbour in our life. 家庭是我们生活中最温暖的港湾。 safe and sound phr. 安然无恙 return safe and sound 安然无恙地回来 breathe a sigh of relief phr. 如释重负 breathe a sigh of relief after hearing the news 听到消息后如释重负 （三）社区生活与邻里关系 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） community n. 社区；团体 local community 当地社区； community centre 社区中心 neighbourhood n. 街区；邻里 in the neighbourhood 在附近； a close neighbourhood 紧密的邻里关系 neighbour n. 邻居 next-door neighbour 隔壁邻居 resident n. 居民 local residents 当地居民 district n. 区；地区 residential district 住宅区 suburb n. 郊区 in the suburbs 在郊区 village n. 村庄 a quiet village 安静的村庄 hometown n. 家乡 return to one's hometown 回到家乡 community spirit phr. 社区精神 a strong sense of community spirit 强烈的社区精神 get along with phr. 与……相处 get along well with neighbours 与邻居相处融洽 lend a hand phr. 帮忙 lend a hand to those in need 向需要帮助的人伸出援手 help out phr. 帮忙 help out at the community centre 在社区中心帮忙 volunteer n. & v. 志愿者；自愿做 work as a volunteer 担任志愿者；volunteer to serve the community 自愿为社区服务 facility n. 设施 community facilities 社区设施； public facilities 公共设施 convenient adj. 方便的 It is convenient for residents to do shopping. 居民购物很方便。 atmosphere n. 氛围 a friendly atmosphere 友好的氛围 local adj. & n. 当地的；当地人 local customs 当地习俗； the locals 当地人 slow pace of life phr. 慢节奏生活 enjoy the slow pace of life in the town 享受小镇的慢节奏生活 a sense of belonging phr. 归属感 a strong sense of belonging 强烈的归属感 （四）情感描写与读后续写语块 语块 释义 典型语料 fly into a rage 勃然大怒 Looking at the rip in her new dress, she flew into a rage. 看着新连衣裙上的裂口，她勃然大怒。 take on a new look 焕然一新 The whole family cleaned and decorated, making the old courtyard take on a new look. 全家一起打扫布置，老家小院焕然一新。 laugh from ear to ear 开怀大笑 Grandpa told childhood stories, and the whole family laughed from ear to ear. 爷爷讲起童年趣事，全家人开怀大笑。 with butterflies in one's stomach 忐忑不安 He went home with the failed paper, having butterflies in his stomach. 拿着不及格的试卷回家，他忐忑不安。 be most willing to 心甘情愿 She was most willing to give up weekend trips to take care of her sick grandma. 为了照顾生病的奶奶，她心甘情愿放弃周末游玩计划。 be overwhelmed with guilt 充满内疚 He was overwhelmed with guilt after shouting at his mother. 对母亲大喊之后，他充满内疚。 hold one's hand tightly 紧紧握住某人的手 She held her mother's hand tightly, tears rolling down her cheeks. 她紧紧握住母亲的手，泪水顺着脸颊滑落。 bridge the gap 消除隔阂 A heart-to-heart talk helped bridge the gap between them. 一次推心置腹的交谈帮助他们消除了隔阂。 be at a loss 不知所措 At a loss for words, she simply hugged her father. 不知该说什么，她只是紧紧抱住了父亲。 catch one's breath 喘口气 They paused to catch their breath after running all the way home. 一路跑回家后，他们停下来喘了口气。 （五）真题话题词汇精选 单词 词性 释义 常用搭配（含语料） multigenerational adj. 几代同堂的 multigenerational households 几代同堂的家庭（2020·全国Ⅲ卷C） isolation n. 孤独；隔离 at risk of isolation 面临被孤立的风险（2020·全国Ⅲ卷C） companionship n. 陪伴；友谊 the companionship of a dog 狗的陪伴（2022·全国甲卷 完形） reservation n. 保留意见；预订 with reservations 有所保留（2022·全国甲卷 完形） proposal n. 求婚；提议 get down on one knee to propose 单膝跪地求婚（2022·全国甲卷 完形） gratitude n. 感激；感恩 express gratitude for 对……表达感激（2024·全国甲卷 完形） poverty n. 贫穷 grow up in poverty 在贫穷中长大（2024·全国甲卷 完形） sacrifice n. & v. 牺牲；奉献 make sacrifices for 为……做出牺牲 wheelchair n. 轮椅 in a wheelchair 坐轮椅（2020·全国Ⅰ卷 完形） persistence n. 坚持 with persistence and effort 凭借坚持和努力 frustration n. 挫败感 overcome frustration 克服挫败感 nostalgic adj. 怀旧的 feel nostalgic about 对……感到怀旧 neighbourly adj. 睦邻的 a neighbourly community 睦邻友好的社区 pace n. 节奏；速度 the slow pace of life 慢节奏的生活 nourish vt. 滋养 the town that nourished him 滋养他的小镇 第三部分 话题句型 序号 英文句型 中文翻译 出处/话题 1 It is important to show yourself some forgiveness just as you would forgive a friend. 像原谅朋友一样原谅自己是很重要的。 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五 2 Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. 为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要为此过分自责。 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五 3 We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 我们常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧。 2020·全国Ⅰ卷 七选五 4 The thing is, it's true that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. 事实是，大多数人确实不是从成功中学习，而是从错误中学习。 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷 七选五 5 While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes. 当大人们在外面忙于严肃的谈话时，我独自留在厨房帮祖母洗碗。 2024·全国甲卷 完形 6 Looking back on my childhood, I have come to realize how much I took for granted. 回顾我的童年，我逐渐意识到我曾经把多少事情视为理所当然。 2024·全国甲卷 完形，改写 7 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation, more families are choosing to live together. 由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。 2020·全国Ⅲ卷 C 8 It was not until I left my hometown that I realized the unique value of its slow pace of life. 直到我离开家乡，我才意识到它慢节奏生活的独特价值。 2026·全国一卷 完形，改写 9 What matters most is not just the physical closeness but also the emotional bond between family members. 最重要的不仅仅是物理上的亲近，还有家庭成员之间的情感纽带。 2022·全国甲卷 完形，改写 10 Setting goals that belong to yourself is far more important than following what others expect of you. 设定属于你自己的目标远比追随他人的期望更重要。 2024·新课标Ⅰ卷 完形，改写 11 The stronger the family bond is, the more support children will have when facing difficulties. 家庭纽带越牢固，孩子面对困难时得到的支持就越多。 通用句式 12 Regular and honest communication is the key to keeping the peace in the family. 定期坦诚的交流是维持家庭和睦的关键。 译林必修一 U2 13 Growing up is a rough ride, but with your parents' support, things will turn out all right. 成长是一个艰难的过程，但在父母的支持下，一切都会好起来的。 译林必修一 U2 14 Instead of comparing yourself with others, why not recognize your own strengths and celebrate your uniqueness? 与其拿自己和别人比较，为什么不认识到自己的优点并庆祝自己的独特之处呢？ 2020·全国Ⅰ卷 七选五，改写 15 It is not what we have but what we share that makes a family truly happy. 让一个家庭真正幸福的不是我们拥有什么，而是我们分享什么。 通用句式 词句基础练 习题一：中译英 1. Teenagers often ____________ (抱怨) that their parents don't understand them, but ____________ (坦诚的交流) can help bridge the gap. 2. She felt ____________ (焦虑的) about her physical changes, but her parents gave her ____________ (无条件的爱) and support. 3. Looking back on her ____________ (童年回忆), she realized how ____________ (幸运的) she had been. 4. The ____________ (多代同堂的) household is becoming more common in Britain as young people cannot afford to live ____________ (独自). 5. He ____________ (渴望) independence and wanted to ____________ (独自做决定), but his parents were not ready to ____________ (放手). 6. ____________ (与……看法一致) your parents on everything is impossible; what matters is to communicate ____________ (定期地). 7. After the heated ____________ (争论), they finally ____________ (和解) their differences and the family ____________ (紧张关系) eased. 8. The ____________ (社区) centre provides various ____________ (设施) for local ____________ (居民), including a gym and a library. 9. What she ____________ (珍惜) most about her hometown was the ____________ (慢节奏生活) and the ____________ (紧密的邻里关系). 10. It is important to show yourself some ____________ (宽恕); don't ____________ (过分自责) about your mistakes. 11. ____________ (与……相处) your roommates well requires patience and ____________ (宽容). 12. The company of her dog gave her great ____________ (陪伴) and kept her ____________ (孤独) at bay. 13. He was ____________ (如释重负) when he heard that his grandmother was ____________ (安然无恙). 14. ____________ (抚养) three children on a low income was a great ____________ (牺牲) for the single mother. 15. ____________ (回顾) his school years, he felt ____________ (感激的) for the teachers who had ____________ (激励) him. 参考答案：1. complain; honest communication 2. anxious; unconditional love 3. childhood memories; fortunate 4. multigenerational; alone 5. longed for; make decisions on his own; let go 6. Seeing eye to eye with; regularly 7. argument; settled; tension 8. community; facilities; residents 9. treasured; slow pace of life; close neighbourly relationships 10. forgiveness; beat yourself up 11. Getting along with; tolerance 12. companionship; isolation 13. relieved / breathing a sigh of relief; safe and sound 14. Bringing up; sacrifice 15. Looking back on; grateful; inspired 习题二：单句语法填空 1. Her ____________ about the exam was obvious; she waited ____________ for the results and could not hide her ____________ (anxious). 2. His ____________ behaviour ____________ everyone in the room; I was clearly ____________ by his constant interruptions. (annoy) 3. The ____________ instructions ____________ the students, and their ____________ was obvious; they looked at each other with ____________ expressions. (confuse) 4. He often ____________with his parents about his curfew, and the heated ____________ between them are common. (argue) 5. I really ____________ your help, and my ____________ goes beyond words; I am truly ____________ of what you have done. (appreciate) 6. His ____________ question ____________me, and my ____________ was obvious; I felt deeply ____________ (embarrass). 7. Regular communication with parents is ____________ to teenagers; it ____________ both sides and brings mutual ____________ (benefit). 8. Learning to ____________ yourself is important; self-____________is a positive step towards personal growth. (forgive) 9. Teenagers often ____________ that their parents don't understand them, but such ____________ may lead to deeper communication. (complaint) 10. Teenagers have a strong ____________ for independence, and it is ____________for parents to give them more freedom. (desire) 11. As you grow up, you should be ____________ for your own decisions; taking ____________for mistakes is a positive step. (responsible) 12. Teenagers long for ____________and want to make decisions on their own, but they are still ____________ on their parents in many ways. (depend) 13. My grandmother shared her ____________ of childhood, and it was a truly ____________ moment that I will always treasure. (memorize) 14. A harmonious family requires every member to ____________ each other's differences; being ____________creates an atmosphere of ____________and love. (tolerance) 15. She ____________ all of her strengths and wrote them down; this self-____________ helped boost her confidence. (recognize) 参考答案： 1. anxiety; anxiously; anxiety 2. annoying; annoyed; annoyed 3. confusing; confused; confusion; confused 4. argues; arguments 5. appreciate; appreciation; appreciative 6. embarrassing; embarrassed; embarrassment; embarrassed 7. beneficial; benefits; benefits 8. forgive; forgiveness 9. complain; complaints 10. desire; desirable 11. responsible; responsibility 12. independence; dependent 13. memories; memorable 14. tolerate; tolerant; tolerance 15. recognized; recognition 习题三：选词填空 第1组 see eye to eye bring up be content with complain about break down get along with settle for take responsibility for long for cheer up 1. Teenagers and their parents don't always ____________ on everything, but honest communication can help. 2. She was ____________ by her grandparents in a small village after her parents moved to the city. 3. Many young people are not ____________ their current situation and are striving for a better life. 4. He used to ____________ his parents constantly, but after leaving home he began to appreciate them. 5. The relationship between the teenager and his mother ____________ after years of misunderstanding. 6. Don't ____________ less than you deserve; set high goals and work towards them. 7. Every family member should ____________ keeping the household running smoothly. 8. After moving to a big city, she began to ____________ the slow pace of life in her hometown. 9. It takes time and patience to ____________ new neighbours in a foreign country. 10. A heart-to-heart talk with her mother helped ____________ the frustrated girl. 参考答案： 1. see eye to eye 2. brought up 3. content with 4. complain about 5. broke down 6. settle for 7. take responsibility for 8. long for 9. get along with 10. cheer up 第2组 be beneficial to have access to make a difference be overwhelmed with look back on live up to be aware of get into the habit of be grateful for let go 1. Regular family meals ____________ children's emotional development. 2. Residents in this community ____________ a wide range of public facilities. 3. A simple act of kindness can ____________ in someone's life. 4. She ____________ gratitude when her neighbours helped her during the difficult time. 5. ____________ his childhood, he realized how much his parents had sacrificed for him. 6. Many teenagers feel pressured to ____________ their parents' expectations. 7. Parents should ____________ their children's emotional needs, not just their academic performance. 8. ____________ spending quality time with your family every day. 9. We should ____________ the simple things in life, like a warm meal and a loving family. 10. Sometimes parents need to learn to ____________ and allow their children to make their own decisions. 参考答案：1. are beneficial to 2. have access to 3. make a difference 4. was overwhelmed with 5. Looking back on 6. live up to 7. be aware of 8. Get into the habit of 9. be grateful for 10. let go 语篇拔高练 Passage A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 A Journey Back to Each Other Inspired by my daughter’s tales of backpacking adventures and my desire to hang out with my youngest son outside the house, I booked two tickets to Shanghai for the September school holidays, surprising us both. We, 1 (arm) with a budget, some travel insurance, and a rough plan built around some last-minute internet searches, headed to the airport. We arrived in Shanghai, sleepy and excited, at 5: 30 a.m. Despite the early start, the air was already hot and soupy, 2 my son used as an excuse to head straight for a convenience store and buy one of the many drinks he 3 (remember) from all those years before. There is something very freeing about arriving in a place where you have no plans. And we didn’t. I discovered that he could find his way 4 remembering landmarks. Within a day he’d become 5 navigator, and I was the lost one, following behind. As tourists, we were exposed to everything together, giving us back a connection we don’t always have in our daily lives. He was the one who said we should hire bikes. He was the one who showed me how to speed up and led me through the streets downtown, laughing 6 I screamed in delight. He dragged me shopping for jeans in stores and made me catch buses 7 (take) us in the wrong direction entirely. He was just as likely as I was 8 (know) what train to catch, or find the right street to turn down, or stand in awe at the foot of a giant temple, or queue for hours for a steaming bowl of Xiaolongbao. I saw him differently in Shanghai. Travelling meant we were more like 9 (equal) — partners in adventure. And instead of missing the child version of him, I saw the adult he 10 (become). 【答案】 1．armed 2．which 3．had remembered 4．by 5．the 6．as/when 7．taking 8．to know 9．equals 10．was becoming 【导语】本文讲述了作者受女儿背包旅行故事启发，为陪伴小儿子，在九月学校假期一同前往上海旅行的经历。 【详解】 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们备好了预算、买了旅行保险，靠着临时上网搜索制定了一份粗略计划，就这样动身前往机场。此处应为非谓语动词作状语，be armed with为固定搭配，意为“备有；配备”，此处用过去分词短语作状语，表状态。 2．考查定语从句。句意：尽管出发得很早，空气却早已闷热潮湿，儿子就以此为借口，径直走进便利店，买了一瓶他多年前就记着的众多饮品之一。空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代前文整个句子，所以使用关系代词which引导。 3．考查动词时态。句意：尽管出发得很早，空气却早已闷热潮湿，儿子就以此为借口，径直走进便利店，买了一瓶他多年前就记着的众多饮品之一。空处作谓语，根据时间状语from all those years before可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，所以使用过去完成时。故填had remembered。 4．考查介词。句意：我发现他能通过记路标认路。by doing sth.表示“通过做某事”，此处指通过记路标认路。 5．考查冠词。句意：不到一天，他就成了向导，而我反倒迷了路，跟在他身后。此处特指这次旅行里的“向导”，表特指用定冠词the。 6．考查连词。句意：是他教我如何加速，带着我穿梭在市中心的街道，在我开心地尖叫时放声大笑。空处引导时间状语从句，意为“当…… 的时候”，as和when均可。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他拉着我去店里买牛仔裤，还让我坐上完全开错方向的公交车。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，take与bus之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：该坐哪趟火车、该拐进哪条正确的街道、在宏伟的寺庙脚下驻足惊叹，或是排上几小时队只为一碗热气腾腾的小笼包，他和我一样拿得准主意。be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“有可能做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。 9．考查名词复数。句意：旅行让我们更像平等的伙伴，一同踏上冒险。equal为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，所以使用名词复数形式。 10．考查动词时态。句意：我不再怀念儿时的他，而是看见了正在成长为大人的他。空处作谓语，强调当时“正在逐渐成长为大人”的过程，所以使用过去进行时，且主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词为was。 Passage B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have developed a profound appreciation for the distinctive qualities she possesses after years of marriage 1 my Chinese wife. With quiet devotion, she consistently maintains a harmonious household, 2 (manage) most domestic responsibilities independently. Although she often calls me “Làngfèi” for frequent dining out, her own 3 (finance) management is particularly impressive. I 4 (deep) admire the way she upholds our family’s social standing and respects the natural distinctions between men and women. Even so, I believe that the harmony of marriage is built on mutual adaptation. Like many, she has a determined nature — 5 quality, I, too, must admit I share. It was this 6 (realize) that led me to embrace the most valuable phrases in our marriage: “Zhīdào” (I know) and “Dòng” (I understand). Deploying (调度) them thoughtfully 7 (prevent) countless minor conflicts over cultural misunderstandings and her persistent health reminders over the past years. She has a frequent phrase “This is good for your health”, 8 meaning has shifted from nagging (唠叨) to heartfelt care. By prioritizing empathy over pride 9 mastering those simple phrases, we have built a relationship 10 (define) not by perfection, but by mutual understanding and enduring affection. This journey has taught me the true meaning of partnership. 【答案】 1．to 2．managing 3．financial 4．deeply 5．a 6．realization 7．has prevented 8．whose 9．and 10．defined 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者与中国妻子的婚姻生活，分享两人在相处中相互理解、包容，构建和谐婚姻的感悟。 1．考查介词。句意：与中国妻子结婚多年后，我对她身上独特的品质产生了深深的欣赏。此处为固定搭配marriage to sb.，意为“与某人的婚姻”，用介词to。故填to。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她默默付出，始终维系着家庭的和睦，独自承担了大部分家务。此处为非谓语动词作状语，she与manage为主动关系，用现在分词managing。故填managing。 3．考查形容词。句意：虽然她经常因为我频繁外出就餐而叫我“浪费”，但她自己的财务管理能力却令人印象尤为深刻。此处修饰名词management，用finance的形容词形式financial，意为“财务的”。故填financial。 4．考查副词。句意：我由衷地敬佩她维护家庭社会地位、尊重男女天然差异的处事方式。此处修饰动词admire，用deep的副词形式deeply，意为“深深地”。故填deeply。 5．考查冠词。句意：和许多人一样，她性格执着——我必须承认，这也是我所具备的一种品质。此处泛指“一种品质”，quality是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查名词。句意：正是这种认知，让我领悟到了我们婚姻中最珍贵的两句话：“知道”和“懂”。此处位于指示代词this之后，用realize的名词形式realization，为可数名词单数。故填realization。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，巧妙地使用这两句话，避免了无数次因文化误解和她对我健康的反复叮嘱而引发的小矛盾。根据时间状语over the past years可知，此处用现在完成时，主语为动名词短语Deploying them thoughtfully，谓语动词用单数形式，所以谓语动词为has prevented。故填has prevented。 8．考查定语从句。句意：她常说的一句话是“这对你的健康有好处”，这句话的含义已经从唠叨变成了发自内心的关怀。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为phrase，与meaning为所属关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 9．考查连词。句意：通过优先考虑共情而非自负，并且掌握这两句简单的话，我们建立起了一段并非以完美为定义，而是以相互理解和持久爱意为核心的关系。此处连接两个并列的动名词短语prioritizing empathy over pride和mastering those simple phrases，表并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过优先考虑共情而非自负，并且掌握这两句简单的话，我们建立起了一段并非以完美为定义，而是以相互理解和持久爱意为核心的关系。此处为非谓语动词作定语，relationship与define为被动关系，用过去分词defined。故填defined。 Passage C 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A frail old man went to live with his son, daughter-in-law, and four-year-old grandson. 1 old man’s hands trembled, his eyesight was blurred, and his step faltered. The family ate together at the table. But the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands and 2 (fail) sight made eating difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon onto the floor. When he grasped the glass, milk spilled on the tablecloth. The son and daughter-in-law became angry with the mess. “I’ve had enough of his 3 (spill) milk, noisy eating, and food on the floor,” said the son. So the husband and wife set a small table in the corner. There, Grandfather ate alone 4 the rest of the family enjoyed dinner. Since Grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food 5 (serve) in a wooden bowl. When the family glanced 6 Grandfather’s direction, sometimes he had a tear in his eye. Still, the only words the couple had for him were sharp admonitions when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The four-year-old grandson watched it all in silence. One evening before supper, the father noticed his son 7 (play) with wood scraps on the floor. He asked the child 8 (sweet), “What are you making?” The boy responded, “Oh, I am making a little bowl for you and Mama to eat your food when I grow up.” The words struck the parents so hard that they were speechless. Then tears started to stream down their cheeks. Though no word was spoken, both knew what must be done. That evening the husband took his 9 (grandfather) hand and gently led him back to the family table. For the remainder of his days, he ate every meal with the family. And for some reason, neither husband nor wife seemed 10 (care) any longer when a fork was dropped, milk spilled, or the tablecloth soiled. 【答案】 1．The 2．failing 3．spilled/spilt 4．while 5．was served 6．in 7．playing 8．sweetly 9．grandfather’s 10．to care 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述一对夫妻从自己的儿子身上受到启发，转变了对自己年迈的父亲厌恶又嫌弃的态度。 【详解】 1．考查定冠词。句意：老人双手颤抖，目光模糊，步履蹒跚。前文提到了old man，此处再次提到，用the表示特指，位于句首，首字母大写，故填The。 2．考查形容词。句意：但年迈的祖父颤抖的双手和视力的下降使得吃饭变得困难。此处填形容词修饰sight，意为“不断减退的”，故填failing。 3．考查过去分词。句意：儿子说：“我受够了他打翻的牛奶、吃东西时的吵闹声和食物扔在地上。”由上文“milk spilled on the tablecloth”可知，此处意为“洒掉的牛奶”，空格处意为“洒掉的”，用过去分词spilled/spilt表被动，作定语。故填spilled/spilt。 4．考查连词。句意：在那里，爷爷一个人吃饭，而家里其他人都在享用晚餐。根据语境可知，前后是对比关系，空格处意为“而”，用while表并列，故填while。 5．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：由于爷爷打碎了一两个盘子，他的食物就放在一个木碗里。此处用一般过去时表示过去的事情。food与serve之间是被动关系，因此此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语food是不可数名词，因此空格处是was served。故填was served。 6．考查介词。句意：当全家人朝祖父的方向看时，有时他眼里含着泪水。in sb’s direction意为“朝某人的方向”。故填in。 7．考查现在分词。句意：一天晚饭前，父亲注意到儿子在地板上玩木屑。notice sb. doing sth.意为“留意到某人正在做某事”，因此空格处用现在分词表主动和进行的含义，作宾语补足语。故填playing。 8．考查副词。句意：他亲切地问孩子：“你在做什么？”空格处用副词sweetly修饰动词asked，故填sweetly。 9．考查物主代词。句意：那天晚上，丈夫拉着祖父的手，轻轻地把他带回到家里的餐桌旁。此处表示“爷爷的手”，用名词所有格grandfather’s作定语。故填grandfather’s。 10．考查不定式。句意：不知什么原因，当叉子掉在地上，牛奶洒了，桌布弄脏了，丈夫和妻子似乎都不再在意了。此处为固定短语seem to do sth.，意为“似乎做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to care。故填to care。 Passage D 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever heard of ZXMOTO? It’s a Chinese motorcycle manufacturer. The founder of it is Zhang Xue, 1 lifelong motorcycle lover from Hunan, China. He started as a motorcycle repair trainee at 14 and got rich 2 (profession) experience through years of hard learning and practice. In 2024, he started ZXMOTO by himself, keeping to an independent research and development plan and refusing 3 (depend) too much on foreign technologies. In March 2026, French rider Valentin Debise made motorsport history by winning two victories at the World Supersport Championship. 4 (ride) a ZXMOTO motorcycle, he became the first rider to win top prizes in this world-famous race for a Chinese maker, a moment that 5 (surprise) the whole global motorsport industry. For many years, the top level of international motorcycle racing 6 (control) by strong brands like Yamaha and Ducati. ZXMOTO’s important success has finally broken the Japanese and European dominance in the international motorcycle racing scene, becoming a source 7 pride for Chinese sports. This victory is more than a great sporting success. It is a strong proof of the rising strength of Chinese manufacturing and home-made 8 (innovate). It shows 9 with true passion, firm determination and independent core technology, Chinese brands can develop world-class racing bikes, help top international riders compete at the highest level, and stand 10 (equal) among the world’s top motorcycle makers. 【答案】 1．a 2．professional 3．to depend 4．Riding 5．surprised 6．has been controlled 7．of 8．innovation 9．that 10．equally 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国摩托车制造商ZXMOTO。其创始人张雪从14岁开始从事摩托车修理工作，积累专业经验后于2024年创立该品牌，坚持自主研发。2026年法国车手瓦伦丁·德比斯驾驶ZXMOTO摩托车在世界超级摩托车锦标赛上夺冠，打破了日本和欧洲品牌在国际摩托车赛事的长期主导地位，彰显了中国制造业和自主创新的崛起力量。 【详解】 1．考查冠词。句意：它的创始人是张雪，一位来自中国湖南的终身摩托车爱好者。这里需要一个不定冠词来表示“一个”，修饰可数名词单数“lover”，“lifelong”是以辅音音素开头的单词，根据不定冠词的使用规则，辅音音素前用“a”，所以此处填“a”，表示泛指一位摩托车爱好者。故填a。 2．考查形容词。句意：他14岁时开始作为一名摩托车修理学徒，通过多年的努力学习和实践获得了丰富的专业经验。“experience”是名词，需要用形容词来修饰，“profession”的形容词形式是“professional”，意为“专业的”，在这里修饰“experience”，表示“专业经验”。故填professional。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：2024年，他独自创办了ZXMOTO，坚持独立研发计划，拒绝过度依赖外国技术。“refuse”这个动词常用的搭配是“refuse to do sth.”，表示“拒绝做某事”，所以这里用动词不定式“to depend”，表明拒绝的具体行为是过度依赖外国技术。故填to depend。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：骑着一辆ZXMOTO摩托车，他成为第一位为中国制造商在这项世界著名赛事中赢得最高奖项的车手，这一时刻震惊了整个全球摩托车运动行业。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词“became”，所以此处要用非谓语动词形式。“he”（他，指车手）与“ride”（骑）之间是主动关系，即车手主动骑车，所以用现在分词“Riding”作状语，表主动和伴随，说明他在赢得奖项时是骑着ZXMOTO摩托车的状态，且句首单词首字母大写。故填Riding。 5．考查动词时态。句意：骑着一辆ZXMOTO摩托车，他成为第一位为中国制造商在这项世界著名赛事中赢得最高奖项的车手，这一时刻震惊了整个全球摩托车运动行业。根据前文“became”可知，整个事件发生在过去，所以此处描述这个时刻震惊行业也应用一般过去时，“surprise”的过去式是“surprised”。故填surprised。 6．考查动词时态和语态。句意：多年来，国际摩托车比赛的顶级水平一直由雅马哈和杜卡迪等强大品牌控制。“For many years”是现在完成时的标志，表明从过去到现在的一段时间内持续的动作或状态。同时，“the top level of international motorcycle racing”（国际摩托车比赛的顶级水平）与“control”（控制）之间是被动关系，即顶级水平是被这些品牌控制，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been +过去分词”。主语“the top level of international motorcycle racing”是单数，所以用“has been controlled”。故填has been controlled。 7．考查介词。句意：ZXMOTO的重大成功终于打破了日本和欧洲在国际摩托车比赛领域的主导地位，成为中国体育界的骄傲之源。“a source of...”是固定搭配，意思是“……的来源”，这里表示是中国体育骄傲的来源，所以用介词“of”。故填of。 8．考查名词。句意：这是中国制造业和本土创新崛起力量的有力证明。“home-made”是形容词，修饰名词，“innovate”是动词，其名词形式是“innovation”，意为“创新”，在这里与“manufacturing”（制造业）并列，作介词“of”的宾语，且“innovation”在这里为不可数名词。故填innovation。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：它表明，凭借真正的热情、坚定的决心和独立的核心技术，中国品牌可以开发世界级的赛车，帮助顶级国际车手在最高水平上竞争，并在世界顶级摩托车制造商中平等立足。“shows”是及物动词，后面接宾语从句。该宾语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接词“that”来引导，“that”在从句中只起连接作用，没有实际意义。故填that。 10．考查副词。句意：它表明，凭借真正的热情、坚定的决心和独立的核心技术，中国品牌可以开发世界级的赛车，帮助顶级国际车手在最高水平上竞争，并在世界顶级摩托车制造商中平等立足。这里需要一个词来修饰动词“stand”，副词用于修饰动词，“equal”的副词形式是“equally”，意为“平等地”，表示中国品牌在世界顶级摩托车制造商中处于平等的地位。故填equally。 Passage E 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jogging along the river path with my dad every weekend has taught me the true spirit of sports. Mrs Zhang, our PE teacher, often says persistence is one of the 1 (essential). I’ve rarely skipped these runs since last autumn, even when the wind bit sharply. One morning, I tripped over a stone and fell, 2 (injure) my knee. Feeling embarrassed, I wanted to quit, but Dad didn’t put me on the spot. He knelt down, cleaned my wound gently, and 3 a whisper, “Pain is part of growing — let’s take it slow.” His 4 (gentle) gave me strength to stand up. That day made me more enthusiastic, pushing myself to run a little 5 (far) each time. My mom 6 used to be a middle-distance runner, hopes I’ll follow in her footsteps, but she’s always 7 (appreciate) of my efforts, no matter what an outcome. Over the past six months, we 8 (participate) in three community races. I’ve learned that sports are about more than speed — the joy that comes from shared struggle is what makes it precious. When I finished my first 5K last Sunday, 49 moment that I’ll remember forever, seeing Dad wave and cheer made me crack a smile. Every painful muscle and early wake-up call proved we deserved the joy 9 (earn) step by step, as a blessing. 【答案】 1．essentials 2．injuring 3．in 4．gentleness 5．farther/further 6．who/that 7． appreciative 8． have participated 9．a 10．earned 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和父亲每周沿河慢跑，在坚持、受伤、鼓励中体会到运动真谛，收获成长与快乐的故事。 【详解】 1．考查名词复数。句意：我们的体育老师张老师常说，坚持是最重要的品质之一。根据“one of+可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，essential此处为名词，意为“必需品”，复数形式是essentials。故填essentials。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：一天早上，我被石头绊倒摔伤了膝盖。句子已有谓语fell，injure与主语I是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故填injuring。 3．考查介词。句意：他跪下来，轻轻清理我的伤口，低声说：“疼痛是成长的一部分——我们慢慢来。”in a whisper是固定搭配，意为“低声地；小声地”。故填in。 4．考查名词。句意：他的温柔给了我站起来的力量。形容词性物主代词His后接名词，gentle的名词形式是gentleness。故填gentleness。 5．考查副词比较级。句意：那天让我更有热情，督促自己每次都跑得更远一点。a little修饰比较级，far的比较级是farther/further。故填farther/further。 6．考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈曾经是一名中长跑运动员，希望我能追随她的脚步，但她总是欣赏我的努力，无论结果如何。先行词是My mom，指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。 7．考查形容词。句意：我妈妈曾经是一名中长跑运动员，希望我能追随她的脚步，但她总是欣赏我的努力，无论结果如何。be appreciative of是固定搭配，意为：“感激；欣赏”。故填appreciative。 8．考查动词时态。句意：过去六个月里，我们参加了三次社区比赛。“Over the past six months”是现在完成时标志，主语we用have participated。故填have participated。 9．考查冠词。句意：上周日我完成了我的第一个5公里，那是一个我将永远铭记的时刻。moment是可数名词，表泛指，发音以辅音音素开头，用a。故填a。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块酸痛的肌肉和每一次早起都证明，我们配得上一步一步挣来的快乐。句子已有谓语deserved，joy与earn是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填earned。 Passage F 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhao Xinling likes to tell her son, whom she 1 (affectionate) calls Hao Hao, one particular story. At bedtime, a little hare asks a big hare to guess how much he loves him, and the little hare says, “I love you all the way to the moon.” “I tell my son, ‘Mom loves you, from here to the stars’” says Zhao. “Although I have been teaching him how to say ‘mom’ every day, he is still 2 (able) to say the word. He is now 24 years old.” 3 many parents of children with autism, the 64-year-old has faced challenges and worked hard to help her son since he 4 (diagnose) with severe autism at a very young age. Over the past years, she 5 (provide) support to more than 7,000 children with autism. She has witnessed the autistic community flourish — from being under-recognized to 6 (accept) increasingly — and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from 7 (broad) society. Autism is a disorder characterized by varying degrees of impairment of communication skills 58 social interaction. Children with autism are sometimes called “children of the stars” in China, as society often perceives them as lonely, and they can exhibit unconventional emotional reactions, language 8 (ability) or social skills. This year’s World Autism Awareness Day fell on April 2. A report on autism education showed that in 2019, there were more than 10 million people with an autism spectrum disorder in China, among 9 about 2 million were children aged under 12. 【答案】 1．affectionately 2．unable 3．Like 4．was diagnosed 5．has provided 6．being accepted 7．broader 8．and 9．abilities 10．whom 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了赵新玲如何关爱并帮助自闭症儿子及其他自闭症儿童，见证自闭症群体从被忽视到获得更多社会认可和支持的过程。 【详解】 1．考查副词。句意：赵新玲喜欢给儿子讲一个特别的故事，她亲切地叫他浩浩。空处需要副词修饰后面的动词calls，表示“亲切地”，作状语。故填affectionately。 2．考查形容词。句意：尽管我每天都教他说‘妈妈’这个词，但他还是不会说。空处需要一个形容词来表示他没有能力说出这个词，unable为形容词“不能的”，符合语境。be unable to do sth.“不能做某事”。故填unable。 3．考查介词。句意：像许多自闭症孩子的父母一样，这位64岁的母亲自从儿子在很小的时候被诊断患有重度自闭症以来，就面临着挑战并努力帮助他。这里需要一个介词来引出比较的对象，like为介词“像”，符合语境。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Like。 4．考查时态和语态。句意：和许多自闭症儿童的父母一样，这位64岁的老人自儿子很小时被诊断为重度自闭症以来，一直面临着挑战，并努力帮助儿子。空处为since引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“at a very young age”可知，句子为一般过去时态，且该动词和主语之间为被动关系，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填was diagnosed。 5．考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，她为7000多名自闭症儿童提供了支持。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“Over the past years”，此处应用现在完成时，且该动词和主语之间为主动关系，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填has provided。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：她见证了自闭症群体从被忽视到逐渐被接受的过程，也看到了这个群体如何获得更广泛的社会支持。根据句意和“from being under-recognized to”可知，此处表示“从被忽视到逐渐被接受”，且位于介词to后，所以用动名词的被动形式作宾语。故填being accepted。 7．考查形容词比较级。句意：她也看到了这个社群如何从更广泛的社会中获得更多的支持。根据句意以及空前的“more support”可知，此处需要形容词的比较级形式，表示“从更广泛的社会中获得更多的支持”。故填broader 8．考查连词。句意：自闭症是一种以不同程度的沟通技巧和社交互动障碍为特征的疾病。此处需要一个并列连词连接两个名词短语“communication skills”和“social interaction”，表示“沟通技巧和社交互动”。故填and。 9．考查名词复数。句意：在中国，自闭症儿童有时被称为“星星的孩子”，因为社会常常认为他们孤独，他们可能表现出非常规的情感反应、语言能力或社交技能。ability为可数名词“能力”，此处需要用名词复数形式abilities，与“emotional reactions”和“social skills”作并列宾语。故填abilities。 10．考查定语从句引导词。句意：今年的世界自闭症意识日是在4月2日。一份关于自闭症教育的报告显示，2019年，中国有超过1000万人患有自闭症谱系障碍，其中约有200万是12岁以下的儿童。此处需要一个引导非限制性定语从句的关系词，修饰先行词people。先行词指人，在定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词whom引导该从句。故填whom。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $