Unit 3 Same or Different 主题情境拔尖测评-【通成学典·拔尖特训】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语（人教版·新教材）

拔尖特训·英语（人教版）八年级上 Unit3主题情境拔尖测评 (满分：100分时间：45分钟) 单元主题情境 朋友正如夜空中的星星，有的明亮璀璨，有的温柔闪烁，却共同点亮了同一片天空。正是 那些差异，让我们透过彼此的眼睛，看见了更广阔的世界。并肩前行、共同成长，这才是友谊最 美的模样。本周，学校举办了“朋友联谊会”活动。 情境一在讲故事环节，陈辉通过两个樵夫和一个乞丐的故事，诠释了“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”的 人生哲理。 一、[2025河南中考]完形填空。（每小题2分，共30分） Years ago,there lived two woodcutters called Barry and Kent in a village.During a summer holiday,they went out into the forest and cut wood to sell at a nearby market. One hot day,the woodcutters were eating their lunch under a tree 1 a beggar()came walking towards them."My name is Clark,and I'm very 2,"said the beggar,as he walked up to the two woodcutters."Can you 3 a little of your lunch for me?"Barry felt great 4 for Clark,and he took from his bag some food that he 5 for later,and wanted to give it to the poor man.But to his surprise,Kent,who was a 6 man too,stopped him from offering the food. Kent said to Clark,"We both work all day long and we only have enough food to get us through the day.But if you wish,I can lend you my ax()and 7 you to cut wood.Then you can sell the wood.And you will have a good 8 of buying yourself food." Clark looked a bit unhappy because he had been so looking forward to the food.But on second thought,he took Kent's ax,and then watched 9 as Kent explained how to cut wood.Clark was 10 at first,but hours later,he began to cut more quickly. At the end of the day,the three men walked to the market,11 the wood that they had cut.Very soon,all of their wood was 12."Look at this!"Clark said with 13."It's amazing!I have never had so much money in my life!""You have done well.After all,it was your first 14,"said Kent,and then he took Clark to a shop in the town and helped him 15 an ax."Thank you for everything you did for me,Clark said to Kent and walked away happily. 1.A.when B.though C.unless D.after 2.A.shy B.sleepy C.hungry D.thirsty 3.A.collect B.heat C.check D.spare 4.A.pity B.fear C.hate D.pride 5.A.served B.kept C.tasted D.wasted 6.A.funny B.lazy C.brave D.kind 7.A.leave B.teach C.force D.warn 8.A.chance B.game C.excuse D.place 9.A.coldly B.secretly C.doubtfully D.carefully 48 Unit 3 Same or Different? 10.A.slow B.silent C.crazy D.serious 11.A.passing B.carrying C.storing D.throwing 12.A.sent off B.given away C.used up D.sold out 13.A.attention B.shame C.excitement D.patience 14.A.trip B.try C.plan D.order 15.A.return B.repair C.choose D.clean 情境二同学们通过美国一项对1932人的研究报告，系统地了解到了“遗传因素也可能影响交 朋友”。 二、阅读理解。（每小题4分，共20分） What brought you and your friends together?Was it the same hobbies or similar personalities?Apart from these common reasons,genetics()may also play a role. According to a US study with 1,932 people,friends have a kinship coefficient(亲缘系数)that is 0.0014 greater than that of strangers!The kinship coefficient is an easy way to see how genetically related(two people are-the bigger the number,the closer the relation. Don't look down on this number.The kinship coefficient between parents and children is about 0.5.For first cousins,it's about 0.125,while for fourth cousins,it's around only 0.001.This means you might share more genes with your best friend than with some distant relatives. The question is-why are people with a high level of kinship coefficient more likely to become friends?The research team found that many of the top one per cent of similar genes are related to the sense of smell.This means that close friends may have a similar sense of smell. A study in Science Advances also showed that people who become close friends usually have similar body smells..Researchers collected sweat samples(汗液样本)from20 pairs of friends. They all became close in a short time.Using an e-nose and human volunteers to study the smells, they found that friends'body odours()were more alike than those of strangers.So,next time you hug your friends,you might notice that they smell a bit like you! 1.What can the kinship coefficient show? A.How closely two friends are related. B.How close the genetic relation between two people is. C.How long it takes for two strangers to become friends. D.How much two friends have in common. 2.创新考法行文方武)How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph2 and Paragraph3? A.By giving an example. B.By listing numbers. C.By telling the differences. D.By asking a question. 3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A.Our best friend might be a distant relative. B.The kinship coefficient between two friends is 0.0014. C.Best friends have a greater kinship coefficient than first cousins. D.Best friends can share more genetic similarities than distant relatives. 49 拔尖特训·英语（人教版）八年级上 4.The underlined word“distant”here means“ A.远房的 B.亲密的 C.相似的 D.不同的 5.According to the passage,in what way are best friends similar? A.They grow at a similar place. B.Their body smells are similar. C.Their sweat is similar. D.They all study very hard. 情境三同学们通过观看视频录像，了解到成为更好的人的四种方式。 三、[2025遂宁中考改编]句子还原。（每小题3分，共15分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 No matter who you are or where you live,the most important thing is what kind of person you are.1.Among them,the following four ways are the most helpful ones. Be active. Life is not always a bed of roses.2.Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties?Cheer up!Life is like a mirror.When you smile at it,it will also smile at you. Keep learning. Maybe you are very busy now.3.However,the world around you is changing all the time.Don't think you are better than others,or you will fall behind others.Keeping learning can help you succeed in the future. Be creative. In modern society,people with creative thinking are mostly needed.4. Be honest. Honesty is very important.Everyone likes the person who tells the truth.The one who keeps his word is popular everywhere. As long as you follow the ways mentioned above,5 Try not to become a successful man, but rather try to become a valuable man. A.You need to find time to exercise more B.When facing difficulties,don't lose heart C.you will be excellent and make a difference to the world D.There are many good ways that can make you better in your life E.Every day you have so many things to do that you can't find any time to study F.For example,if you come up with new ideas,you will have more choices in your life G.It's true that different people have different ideas even about the same thing in different situations 2 3 5 50 Unit 3 Same or Different? 情境四活动组织者张勋先生又声情并茂地为同学们讲述了《桃园三结义》的故事，使同学们更加 坚定了“兄弟齐心，其利断金”的信念。 四、跨学科历史阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形 式。（每小题1.5分，共15分） “The Oath of the Peach Garden(《桃园三结义》)”is a famous story in Chinese history.In the late Eastern Han Dynasty,the country was in a mess.Three 1. (man),Liu Bei,Guan Yu,and Zhang Fei,met by chance in Zhuo County.They found that although they had different 2. (personality),they shared the same ambition of helping 3. people and restoring(恢复)peace.Zhang Fei was4 (outgoing)than Liu Bei and Guan Yu.They were all brave. Deeply impressed by each other,they decided to become brothers.One spring day,in a (please)peach garden,they set up an altar (6. became brothers. They wanted 7. (help)one another through thick and thin,to be loyal to each other,and to fight for their common goal. 8. then on,they fought side by side in many battles,facing difficulties together. Their brotherly love and loyalty 9. (become)a symbol of true friendship(友谊)，and their story has been passed down through generations,inspiring people with the value 10. loyalty and unity. 情境五活动结束后，张勋先生要求我们为自己最好的朋友设计一份简历，并撰写一份人物介绍。 五、书面表达。（共20分） 朋友可以让快乐加倍，让悲伤减半。真正的朋友是我们一生的财富。你的好朋友是什么样子 的？他/她和你有什么相似之处，又有什么不同之处？假设你的好朋友叫李华，请以“My Best Friend”为题，写一篇不少于80词的短文，介绍一下你最好的朋友。内容包括：他/她的外貌、性格、 爱好以及你们经常一起做的事情等。 My Best Friend 512.B细节理解题。根据“With a maximum depth of64 metres,this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes.It is generally the warmest,but it also gets frozen more quickly than the others..”可知，伊利湖结冰最早，适合最早尝试 冰钓。 3.A推理判断题。根据“The Great Lakes provide drinking water,important shipping routes and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture.They also support wildlife,the national economy and the environment.."可知， 五大湖提供饮用水、重要的航运路线，并为渔业和农业保 持了丰富的生态系统。它们还支持野生生物、国家经济和 环境，这应是其“价值”。 长难句解读 原句：It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits of Mackinac,though they are still classed as two separate bodies of water. 结构剖析：本句是一个含有让步状语从句的复合句。句 子主千是It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile wide Straits of Mackinac。though引导的从句they are still classed as two separate bodies of water在句中作i让 步状语。 翻译：尽管它们仍然被划分为两个独立的水体，但它通 过5英里宽的麦基诺水道与休伦湖相连。 1.Surprised./She felt surprised.2.They both have an active attitude toward life.3.It's from people's hearts.4.她也了解到积极的态度创造美好的生活，而消 极的态度浪费人生。5.A Useful Lesson/,An Unforgettable Talk/Happiness Lies in an Active Attitude to Life(言之有 理即可) 练写作 One possible version: My name is Li Hua.Tony is my best friend.Now let me tell you something about us. Tony is a big boy and he is taller than me.I'm more serious than Tony.After school,we often study together and I'm as hard-working as him.Though we are good friends,we like different things.I'm interested in singing while Tony loves swimming.So I sing more beautifully than him,and he swims faster than me. I don't think friends need to be alike.I find that having friends with both similar and different interests allows me to broaden my horizons. 拔尖新视野 时文在线 1.A推理判断题。文章开篇直接陈述上海最后一家报摊 搬迁后生意变好的事实，由此可知，本文以陈述事实开头。 2.D推理判断题。由第四段中“But his closure notice drew public attention.Several places offered free space" 知，很多人支持姜俊继续经营报摊。 3.C推理判断题。由倒数第二段中“..visitor numbers have almost doubled'”与最后一段中“..carries warm memories..cultural symbol..”可知，接下来更多读者 会喜欢这个报亭。 4.【拓展迁移】New media have changed people's life,but paper reading is still important.(言之有理即可) 5.【拓展迁移】They are meaningful and carry traditional culture.(言之有理即可) 外刊选萃 1.A snake bites him. 由第一段中“He puts his foot on the snake and it bites him.”可知，蛇咬了萨姆。 2.For about ten days.由第三段中“After ten days Sam is well again.”可知，萨姆可能在床上待了大约十天。 3.Because he is afraid that it is the Black Star..由“‘Do you think it's the Black Star?'he asks nervously.”可知，萨 姆对这艘船感到紧张是因为他担心它是黑星号船。 4.The Red Rose.由倒数第二段中“Our ship,the Red Rose,is going to America”可知，驶往美国的船是红玫 瑰号。 5.We should be brave and help each other when in trouble.(言之有理即可) Unit3主题情境拔尖测评 一、1.A根据“the woodcutters were eating their lunch under a tree...a beggar came walking towards them" 知，此处用when引导时间状语从句。 2.C根据“Can you..a little of your lunch for me??”可 知是想要一些食物，所以是饿了。 3.D根据“Can you..a little of your lunch for me?”可 知是请对方匀一点午餐给自已。 4.A根据“Barry felt great..for Clark,and he took from his bag some food..”可知，巴里对克拉克深表同情。 5.B根据“and he took from his bag some food that he...for later'”可知，巴里从自己的包里拿出了一些留着 以后吃的食物。 6.D根据“But to his surprise,Kent,who was a..man too,stopped him from offering the food.”可知，肯特也是 一个善良的人，但是却阻止了巴里。 7.B根据“I can lend you my ax and..you to cut wood' 可知是教克拉克如何砍柴。 8.A根据“And you will have a good..of buying yourself food.”可知，欣柴卖木材，就很有可能自已买食物。 9.D根据“and then watched...as Kent explained how to cut wood”可知，克拉克仔细地观察着肯特演示如何砍伐 木材。 10.A根据“Clark was..at first,.but hours later,he began to cut more quickly..”可知，克拉克一开始动作很慢。 11.B根据“At the end of the day,the three men walked to the market.,.the wood that they had cut..”可知，他们 拿着砍好的木材去市场。 12.D根据“Very soon,all of their wood was..”可知， 很快所有的木材都卖光了。 13.C根据“It's amazing!I have never had so much money in my life!”可知，克拉克很兴奋。 14.B根据“it was your first..”可知，这是克拉克第一 次尝试。 15.C根据“and then he took Clark to a shop in the town and helped him..anax”可知，肯特去商店帮克拉克挑选 了一把斧子。 长难句解读 原句：Barry felt great pity for Clark,and he took from his bag some food that he kept for later,and wanted to give it to the poor man. 结构剖析：本句由and连接的并列句构成。其中第二个 分句中that引导的从句作定语，修饰先行词food。 翻译：巴里非常同情克拉克，他从包里拿出一些留着以 后再吃的食物，想把它送给这个可怜的人。 二、1.B推理判断题。根据第二段中“The kinship coefficient is an easy way to see how genetically related two people are-the bigger the number,the closer the relation..”可知，亲缘系数能表明两个人基因关系的紧密 程度。 2.B推理判断题。由第二段及第三段中所列举的数字可 判断，作者是通过列举数字进行描述的。 3.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“This means you might share more genes with your best friend than with some distant relatives.”可知，这意味着你和最好的朋友可能比 和一些远亲有更多的基因相似性。 4.A词义猜测题。由上下文可知，你可能会与你最好的 朋友共享更多的基因，而不是与一些远亲共享。 5.B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A study in Science Advances also showed that people who become close friends usually have similar body smells..”可知，最好的朋友在体味 上是相似的。 三、1.D根据“Among them,the following four ways are the most helpful ones.”可知，此处提到了一些方法，选项D 符合语境。 2.B根据“Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties?Cheer up!”可知，此处提到生活中的困难，选项 B符合语境。 3.E根据“Keep learning.”可知，本段建议保持学习，选 项E符合语境。 4.F根据“In modern society,people with creative thinking are mostly needed..”可知，此处提到创造性思维， 选项F符合语境。 5.C根据As long as you follow the ways mentioned above可知，此处是“只要你遵循上面提到的这些方法”的 结果，选项C符合语境。 1.men 2.personalities 3.the 4.more outgoing 5.pleasant 6.and 7.to help 8.From 9.become 10.of 五、One possible version: My Best Friend I have a best friend named Lily.She is of medium height with long,straight black hair and bright,friendly eyes.Her warm smile makes everyone feel comfortable around her. Lily is a kind-hearted and outgoing girl.She is always the park and play badminton together.We run,laugh,and ready to help others.In her free time,Lily loves reading have a great time.Through these activities,our friendship books.She often loses herself in different stories.We also becomes stronger and stronger.I'm so lucky to have her as both enjoy playing badminton.Every weekend,we go to my best friend. Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section A 数”表示“最…的…之一”。 2.D根据题干中的the和in my class可知，此处应用最 强基础 高级，表示“最乐于助人的”。 -,1.tools 2.appears 3.roses 4.weighs 3.C根据“mountain in Sichuan,higher than any other 5.sho mountain in this area'”可知，它比四川其他任何山都高，是 易错分析 四川的最高峰，用最高级。 本题重点考查单词的过去式。最常见的错误是填 4.C根据语境可知，如果不往湖里扔垃圾，它将会更 成shooted。错误原因是由题千中but missed it直接对 干净。 应过去式shooted,而shoot的过去式是不规则变化，正 5.C根据of the three boys可知，此处是在三个男孩中比 确形式为shot。 较，用形容词最高级。 6.bamboo 7.land 8.wings 6.D根据in China可知，青海湖是中国最大的湖泊，用最 二、1.actually 2.more popular 3.to ask 高级，最高级前加定冠词the。 4.interesting 5.butterflies ,1.runs fastest 2.shorter than 3.Do you think 三、1.goodness2.most useful 3.provinces 4.Which animal 4.folding 5.believes 刷语篇 四、1.C根据语境可知，这里用actually强调实际情况。 一、1.A make our earth beautiful让我们的地球变得美 2.A根据Because it can live for over a thousand years可 丽，使役动词make后可跟形容词作宾补。 知，此处指银杏。 2.D根据Plants on the earth are important to us可知， 3.C根据语境可知，士兵们接到命令，一看到敌人就 此处表示如果地球上没有植物会怎样 射击。 3.B根据the sweetness of flowers可知，这里表示没有 4.A问句中的Could表示委婉语气，表示请求，所以应用 各种颜色的花。 “Feel free.”回答，意为“请便。”。 4.A根据the sweetness of flowers可知，是花的香味，应 五、1.to take a walk2.several times3.one of the 该是闻。 fastest-growing 4.a symbol of 5.in one day 5.C根据上文可知，没有了植物的世界是无聊的。 六、1.as2.the3.about4.to5.is 6.A我们喜欢看到到处都是植物。 过语法 7.A为植物建造的应该是花园。 -1.most useful 2.better 3.longest 4.happiest 8.D上下文为转折关系，故选表示转折关系的连词But。 5.largest 9.C 根据“Do you talk to them?”可知，这里表示对植物 二、1.D“one of+the十形容词最高级+可数名词复说话。 16