精品解析：甘肃省平凉市第一中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

平凉一中2028届高二第一学期阶段性考试试题（卷） 高二英语 听力：略 一、阅读理解（共37.5分） （本题7.5分） Hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires are a few examples of unavoidable natural disasters. Throughout history, humans have caused some of the most disastrous environmental events. Here are four of them in the United States history that originated through human fault. The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone In 1985, scientists began mapping a dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico. For years, humans have polluted the Mississippi River with pesticides, industrial waste, and poisonous chemicals. As the river flows into the Gulf, extra nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorous in the water cause sudden and quick algal (海藻) growth, consuming too much oxygen. In 2021, the disaster area measured 6,334 square miles. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a huge area of marine waste in the North Pacific Ocean. It is made up of tiny pieces of plastic brought together by the North Pacific Gyre (北太平洋环流), which is formed by four ocean currents — California, North Equatorial, Kuroshio, and North Pacific. Three Mile Island Accident One of the most significant accidents in the history of American nuclear power took place on March 28, 1979. The disaster happened at Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The unit was damaged beyond repair and released radioactive material into the environment. 2017 California Wildfires Human activities such as burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and raising large numbers of animals can increase greenhouse gases in the air, making the Earth warmer. In October 2017, northern California had one of the most deadly wildfire seasons in history. Higher temperatures and drought made the fire spread quickly. The 2017 wildfires burned about 245,000 acres of land and killed at least 47 people. 1. What do the four disasters have in common? A. They are all natural disasters. B. They all happened in coastal areas. C. They can all repair themselves naturally. D. They were all caused by human activities. 2. What is special about The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone? A. It happened because the water lost too much oxygen. B. It was caused by the release of radioactive materials. C. More greenhouse gases in the air led to the disaster. D. Tiny plastic pieces carried by ocean currents caused it. 3. Which disaster was related to nuclear power? A. The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone. B. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch. C. Three Mile Island Accident. D. 2017 California Wildfires. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国历史上由人类活动引起的四起灾难性环境事件。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Throughout history, humans have caused some of the most disastrous environmental events. Here are four of them in the United States history that originated through human fault. (纵观历史，人类引发了一些最具灾难性的环境事件。以下是美国历史上四起由人为过失导致的此类事件。)”可知，这四个灾难的共同之处在于它们都是由人类活动引起的。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone中“For years, humans have polluted the Mississippi River with pesticides, industrial waste, and poisonous chemicals. As the river flows into the Gulf, extra nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorous in the water cause sudden and quick algal (海藻) growth, consuming too much oxygen. In 2021, the disaster area measured 6,334 square miles. (多年来，人类一直向密西西比河排放杀虫剂、工业废料和有毒化学物质。当这条河流入墨西哥湾时，水中包括氮和磷在内的额外营养物质会导致海藻突然快速生长，消耗过多的氧气。2021年，受灾区域达到了6,334平方英里。)”可知，墨西哥湾死亡区的特别之处在于它发生是因为水失去了太多的氧气。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Three Mile Island Accident中“One of the most significant accidents in the history of American nuclear power took place on March 28, 1979. The disaster happened at Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The unit was damaged beyond repair and released radioactive material into the environment. (美国核电史上最严重的事故之一发生在1979年3月28日。这场灾难发生在宾夕法尼亚州哈里斯堡附近的三哩岛核电站。该机组损坏严重，无法修复，并向环境中释放了放射性物质。)”可知，三里岛事故与核能有关。故选C。 （本题10分） About 10 years ago, I invited my dad to stay at my fancy flat. I proudly showed him the advanced audio system, the multi-level lighting, and the television operated by a single touchscreen remote. Having encouraged him to relax, I headed to work. Returning that night, however, I found the place in darkness. Switching on the light, I saw him sitting alone, an error message flashing across the TV screen. “I tried,” he said, looking frustrated, “but got nowhere with anything, so I just gave up.” At that time, I was somehow annoyed with him, but to be honest, 10 years on I am still struggling with the stupid lights, TV and sound system myself. My parents’ difficulties are becoming my own, and I am angry at everyone involved in the design of anything. In the interest of greater functionality, everything is being over-engineered to the point — for many people — of non-functionality. It’s not just house appliances. Smartphones made the screens highly touch-sensitive: a light press does one thing, a hard press another. For older people, a hard stab often brings up unexpected menus, deepening their desperation. Does the “smart” in smartphone refer to the brilliance required of its users? And symbols for words are a problem everywhere. To access a start menu, you no longer click “Start”; you click on a symbol of a window. To forward an email, you click on three vertical dots. Why? Yes, we are always going to be somewhat confused by the world as old age comes around. But these endless, daily tests and trials set by the march of technology are real breakers of spirit and hidden barriers shutting them out. The biggest tragedy is that technology could be more helpful for older people if only they were able to use it easily. Honestly, those who design this stuff are plainly doing so for people close in age to themselves. However, it might be well worth remembering that, one day, their time will come. 4. What made the father feel frustrated? A. Watching terrible news on TV. B. Sitting alone at the fancy flat. C. Failing to operate smart devices. D. Breaking the touchscreen remote. 5. Why does the author mention the examples in Paragraph 3? A. To complain devices require extreme brilliance. B. To explain symbols cause operational confusion. C. To show touch-sensitive screens spoil older users. D. To prove over-engineering weakens basic usability. 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Smart devices will be targeted at the elderly. B. Future technologies will leave seniors behind. C. Designers should consider the needs of seniors. D. Youngsters should teach older users practical skills. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Less Tests, Brighter Future B. More Functions, Greater Ease C. Older Users, Better Designers D. Smarter Devices, Tougher Lives 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论的是现代科技产品过度设计导致老年人难以使用的问题，作者通过自身经历呼吁设计者考虑老年人的需求。  【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Returning that night, however, I found the place in darkness. Switching on the light, I saw him sitting alone, an error message flashing across the TV screen. ‘I tried,’ he said, looking frustrated, ‘but got nowhere with anything, so I just gave up.’ (然而，那天晚上回来时，我发现屋里一片漆黑。打开灯，我看到他独自坐着，电视屏幕上闪着一个错误信息。‘我试过了，’他沮丧地说，‘但什么都搞不定，所以我就放弃了。’)”可知，父亲感到沮丧是因为他无法操作智能设备。  【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In the interest of greater functionality, everything is being over-engineered to the point — for many people — of non-functionality. (为了追求更大的功能性，所有东西都被过度设计，对许多人来说到了无法使用的地步。)”以及第三段列举的智能手机触屏过于敏感、符号代替文字等例子可知，作者提及这些例子是为了证明过度设计削弱了基本可用性。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The biggest tragedy is that technology could be more helpful for older people if only they were able to use it easily. Honestly, those who design this stuff are plainly doing so for people close in age to themselves. However, it might be well worth remembering that, one day, their time will come. (最大的悲剧是，如果老年人能够轻松使用技术，技术本可以对他们更有帮助。说实话，那些设计这些东西的人显然是为与他们年龄相近的人设计的。然而，完全值得牢记的是，总有一天他们也会步入老年（面临同样的使用困境）)”可知，作者暗示设计者应该考虑老年人的需求。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段“In the interest of greater functionality, everything is being over-engineered to the point — for many people — of non-functionality. (为了追求更大的功能性，所有东西都被过度设计，对许多人来说到了无法使用的地步。)”以及最后一段对老年人被技术排斥的论述可知，本文主要讲述的是智能设备虽然功能越来越多，却给老年人带来了更艰难的生活，因此最佳标题是“更智能的设备，更艰难的生活”。 （本题10分） Most young people today have never picked a tomato off a vine (藤蔓), collected eggs from a chicken cage, or understood the work that goes into growing a single head of cabbage. This disconnection from food sources creates a broader disconnection from the environment and the systems that sustain us. Sustainable agriculture education fills this gap by giving students direct experience with how food is grown and harvested. When the youth engage with farming and gardening, they develop a deeper appreciation for the resources required to produce food. They witness the first-hand relationship between healthy soil, clean water, and nutritious crops. They learn that food production doesn’t happen in isolation but as part of complex ecosystems involving insects, microorganisms, weather patterns, and human labor. Beyond environmental awareness, students also learn patience as they wait for seeds to come up and plants to mature. They develop problem-solving abilities when facing challenges such as pests, drought, and unexpected weather. They practice responsibility through regular care and maintenance of plants and animals. They experience how individual contributions combine to create collective success. Many students also discover they enjoy and excel at hands-on work, building confidence that might not emerge in traditional academic settings. When students work with living systems, they witness cause-and-effect relationships that might otherwise remain abstract. Water conservation becomes personal when students must regularly irrigate their plants and can observe the consequences of too much or too little water. Installing rainwater collectors, learning about drip irrigation, or comparing the water needs of different crops can make resource management tangible. Students begin thinking critically about water use, not just in the garden but in their broader lives. Simply begin by assessing your available space and resources. A sunny corner of a schoolyard, a vacant lot, or even containers can become productive growing spaces. The key is to start with manageable projects that can succeed. Growing easy, fast-maturing crops gives students quick wins and keeps up enthusiasm while they learn fundamental skills. 8. What problem can sustainable agriculture education address? A. The urgent threat posed by climate change. B. The growing challenges of ensuring food security. C. Students’ ignorance of environmental conservation. D. Students’ lack of direct engagement with farming. 9. How does sustainable agriculture education benefit students? A. By improving their physical strength. B. By boosting their academic performance. C. By maximizing their personal contributions. D. By developing their qualities and capabilities. 10. What does “tangible” underlined in paragraph 4 mean? A. Available. B. Concrete. C. Flexible. D. Complex. 11. What does the author suggest on agricultural education? A. Finding a sunny farm. B. Buying costly equipment first. C. Waiting for perfect conditions. D. Starting with accessible projects. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍了可持续农业教育对学生认知、能力与环保意识的益处。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“This disconnection from food sources creates a broader disconnection from the environment and the systems that sustain us. Sustainable agriculture education fills this gap by giving students direct experience with how food is grown and harvested.(这种与食物来源的脱节造成了与环境和生存系统的更大脱节。可持续农业教育通过让学生直接体验食物的种植和收获来填补这一空白。)”可知，该教育解决学生缺乏农耕实践、脱离农业生产的问题。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Beyond environmental awareness, students also learn patience as they wait for seeds to come up and plants to mature. They develop problem-solving abilities when facing challenges such as pests, drought, and unexpected weather. They practice responsibility through regular care and maintenance of plants and animals. They experience how individual contributions combine to create collective success. Many students also discover they enjoy and excel at hands-on work, building confidence that might not emerge in traditional academic settings.(除了提升环境意识，学生们在等待种子发芽、作物成熟的过程中学会了耐心。面对虫害、干旱和异常天气等挑战时，他们培养了解决问题的能力。通过对动植物的日常照料和维护，他们践行着责任感。他们亲身体会到个人贡献如何汇聚成集体成果。许多学生还发现自己喜爱并擅长动手实践，这建立了在传统课堂中可能无法获得的自信。)”可知，该教育全面培养学生的个人品质与综合能力。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“When students work with living systems, they witness cause-and-effect relationships that might otherwise remain abstract. Water conservation becomes personal when students must regularly irrigate their plants and can observe the consequences of too much or too little water. Installing rainwater collectors, learning about drip irrigation, or comparing the water needs of different crops can make resource management tangible.(当学生们接触生命系统时，那些原本可能停留在抽象层面的因果关系变得清晰可见。当学生必须定期灌溉作物，并能直观看到水分过多或过少带来的后果时，节水意识就转化为切身感受。安装雨水收集器、学习滴灌技术、比较不同作物的需水量，这些实践能让资源管理变得tangible。)”可知，亲身实践让抽象知识变为具体可感知的内容。tangible意为“具体的”。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The key is to start with manageable projects that can succeed.(关键在于从可操作、能成功的项目起步。)”可知，作者建议从简单易开展、可实现的项目入手。 （本题10分） The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is the most popular and well-known measure of personality. Fifty million people have taken the test and it has been used by 89% of Fortune 500 companies at some point to screen employees. People put their Myers-Briggs kind on their Tinder profiles, and several years ago funders even put up $1 million to develop an app matching couples based on their Myers-Briggs personality types. While the Myers-Briggs test is telling people who to hire and marry, scientists hate it. As Laith Al-Shawaf has noted, “Any psychologist will tell you it makes no sense.” Then why is it so popular? It’s because people are easily tricked to do psychology tests. Let’s start with the MBTI. Designed in World War Ⅱ by an American mother-daughter pair inspired by Carl Jung’s theory, the test sorts people into 16 categories (种类) with attractive names. Another benefit is that you get matched with famous people. Despite the joy of being compared to famous people, psychologists have repeatedly argued that the Myers-Briggs has minimal predictive ability and is grounded in disproved theory. If you take the test more than once, it’s also quite likely to give you different answers each time. Another big problem is that these 16 categories are against how present-day psychologists think about personality. Present-day psychologists think human personality consists of five continuous traits (特点), known as the Big 5. Instead of putting people into fixed groups, each trait ranges from high to low. Scientific comparisons show the Big 5 is twice as accurate as MBTI in predicting real-life outcomes. The use of MBTI categories is a great marketing strategy and a big part of the reason behind the popularity of many questionable personality tests. People are attracted to group memberships that provide both a sense of connection to people just like them and distinction from others. Therefore, organizations should build real meaningful identities for a sense of belonging. When making choices, turn to scientifically valid tests such as the Big 5 rather than imaginary identities from MBTI. 12. Why are some figures mentioned in introducing MBTI in paragraph 1? A. To show its wide popularity. B. To prove its scientific value. C. To stress its test accuracy. D. To describe its high risk. 13. What are the drawbacks of MBTI in psychologists’ opinion? A. Unreliable theoretical base. B. False test outcomes. C. Too complicated process. D. Poor real-life application. 14. What accounts for the popularity of questionable personality tests? A. Practical career guidance. B. Study of mental conditions. C. Fulfillment of social needs. D. Improvement of life quality. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Personality Traits and Daily Choices B. Hidden Problems of Popular MBTI C. Misleading Personality Classifications D. The Most Popular Test — MBTI 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章指出MBTI虽广受欢迎但缺乏科学依据，其流行源于满足社交需求。心理学家认为其信效度不足，建议采用大五人格等科学工具，而非依赖虚构的身份标签。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Fifty million people have taken the test and it has been used by 89% of Fortune 500 companies at some point to screen employees. People put their Myers-Briggs kind on their Tinder profiles, and several years ago funders even put up $1 million to develop an app matching couples based on their Myers-Briggs personality types. (已有5000万人参加了这项测试，89%的《财富》世界500强公司曾一度用它来筛选员工。人们把他们的迈尔斯-布里格斯类型放在Tinder个人资料上并且几年前，资助方甚至投入了100万美元，开发了一款根据Myers-Briggs性格类型匹配情侣的应用程序。)”可知，作者列举了参与人数、企业使用率以及在社交软件上的普及度等具体数据，旨在说明MBTI测试具有极高的普及度和受欢迎程度。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Despite the joy of being compared to famous people, psychologists have repeatedly argued that the Myers-Briggs has minimal predictive ability and is grounded in disproved theory. (尽管与名人相提并论令人欣喜，心理学家一再指出，Myers-Briggs类型指标的预测能力极低，且建立在已被推翻的理论之上。)”以及“If you take the test more than once, it’s also quite likely to give you different answers each time. (如果你多次参加测试，每次也很可能会得到不同的答案。)”可知，心理学家认为该测试的主要问题在于其理论基础已被证伪(不可靠)且测试结果缺乏一致性。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“People are attracted to group memberships that provide both a sense of connection to people just like them and distinction from others. (人们被群体成员身份所吸引，这种身份既提供了与同类人的联系感，又提供了与他人的区别感。)”可知，尽管这些测试备受质疑，但它们之所以流行，是因为满足了人们寻求群体归属感、社交联系以及自我独特性的社会心理需求。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段指出MBTI虽流行但被科学家否定；第二段解释其流行原因；第三段详细列举了心理学家指出的其理论错误和信效度问题；第四段分析其营销本质；最后一段建议转向科学测试。整篇文章围绕MBTI虽然广受欢迎，但其背后存在的科学性、可靠性等严重问题展开论述。B选项“Hidden Problems of Popular MBTI(流行MBTI背后的隐患)”最能概括文章核心内容，符合题意。 二、七选五（共12.5分） （本题10分） Life is inevitably accompanied by various forms of adversity, including academic setbacks, interpersonal conflicts and unexpected failures. ____16____ As a matter of fact, adversity rarely destroys us completely. Instead, it polishes our character, builds our willpower and prepares us for future challenges. ____17____ Many individuals tend to feel discouraged and choose to give up when faced with severe obstacles. True courage, however, does not mean the absence of fear. It refers to the ability to keep moving forward despite inner worry and uncertainty, and it can be gradually cultivated through continuous experience. Since adversity is an unavoidable part of growth, we have no way to escape it in our life. ____18____. Rather than complaining about unfair situations or avoiding pressure blindly, we should learn to accept difficulties bravely and draw lessons from every failure. Each painful experience serves as a valuable opportunity for self-improvement. Furthermore, it is unwise to fight against severe adversity all by ourselves. ____19____. Sincere advice and emotional comfort from people around us can greatly reduce our pressure and offer new solutions to our troubles. In brief, adversity acts as a precious test of our perseverance and courage. A strong mind enables us to survive various tough times. ____20____. A. Most students give up their goals because of temporary failure. B. But we are capable of adjusting our attitudes towards adversity. C. Positive attitudes can immediately remove all difficulties in life. D. Courage plays a vital role in overcoming various kinds of adversity. E. External support from others can make a huge difference in hard times. F. Nobody can enjoy a completely smooth and trouble-free life all the time. G. Armed with courage, we can overcome obstacles and achieve self-improvement. 【答案】16. F 17. D 18. B 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】文章主要论述如何正确看待逆境，强调勇气、积极心态与他人支持的重要性。 【16题详解】 由上文“Life is inevitably accompanied by various forms of adversity, including academic setbacks, interpersonal conflicts and unexpected failures. (人生难免伴随着各种形式的逆境，包括学业挫折、人际冲突和意外失败。)”及下文“As a matter of fact, adversity rarely destroys us completely. (事实上，逆境很少能彻底摧毁我们。)”可知，上文列举了生活中的种种逆境，下文转而强调逆境的积极作用。本空应承接上文，指出没有人能永远一帆风顺，从而引出下文对逆境价值的讨论。F选项“没有人能一直享受完全顺遂无忧的生活。”能承上启下，符合语境。 【17题详解】 由下文“Many individuals tend to feel discouraged and choose to give up when faced with severe obstacles. True courage, however, does not mean the absence of fear. (许多人在面对严重障碍时容易气馁并选择放弃。然而，真正的勇气并不意味着毫无畏惧。)”可知，下文围绕“勇气”展开论述，强调其在面对困难时的重要性。本空应为该段主题句，引出“勇气”这一核心话题。D选项“勇气在克服各种逆境中起着至关重要的作用。”能统领全段，符合语境。 【18题详解】 由上文“Since adversity is an unavoidable part of growth, we have no way to escape it in our life. (既然逆境是成长中不可避免的一部分，我们在生活中无法逃避它。)”及下文“Rather than complaining about unfair situations or avoiding pressure blindly, we should learn to accept difficulties bravely and draw lessons from every failure. (与其抱怨不公平的状况或盲目逃避压力，我们应学会勇敢接受困难并从每一次失败中吸取教训。)”可知，上文指出无法逃避逆境，下文指出应积极应对。本空应承上启下，指出我们可以调整自身态度来应对逆境。B选项“但我们能够调整自己对待逆境的态度。”符合语境。 【19题详解】 由上文“Furthermore, it is unwise to fight against severe adversity all by ourselves. (此外，独自对抗严峻的逆境是不明智的。)”及下文“Sincere advice and emotional comfort from people around us can greatly reduce our pressure and offer new solutions to our troubles. (来自周围人的真诚建议和情感慰藉能极大地减轻我们的压力，并为我们的烦恼提供新的解决方案。)”可知，上文指出不要孤军奋战，下文具体说明他人支持的作用。本空应承上启下，强调外部支持的重要性。E选项“困难时期，来自他人的外部支持能产生巨大的影响。”符合语境。 【20题详解】 由上文“In brief, adversity acts as a precious test of our perseverance and courage. A strong mind enables us to survive various tough times. (简而言之，逆境是对我们毅力和勇气的珍贵考验。强大的内心使我们能够熬过各种艰难时刻。)”可知，上文总结了全文，强调了勇气和坚强内心的价值。本空位于结尾，应进一步升华主题，说明拥有勇气带来的最终结果。G选项“以勇气武装自己，我们便能克服困难，实现自我提升。”呼应了前文的主题词courage，并总结了克服逆境后的收获，符合语境。 三、完形填空（共15分） （本题15分） “There is no way I can live out of a suitcase!” I thought as we ____21____ our home in Venice, Italy. At fourteen years old, I couldn’t imagine ____22____ my friends, school, and all my “stuff” behind to ____23____ the world full-time with my family. At the time, we were all going in different ____24____ — my sister and I focused on school and were rarely home and my parents focused on work. It felt like my family never saw each other even though we lived under the same ____25____. That was when my mom ____26____ dropping everything to travel the world. At that time, it seemed so ____27____. Although I absolutely loved the idea of traveling the world ____28____, I couldn’t picture giving up a home full of stuff. That was over two years, thirty-eight countries, and four continents ago! During that time, we have ____29____ how little we really need to be happy. As we travel now, we barely carry anything with us except essential things. After buying new clothes, we give some of our old ones away to people ____30____ and it makes us so happy to be able to ____31____ wherever we can. Without all the distractions that we used to have, we have become ____32____ as a family! We now know that ____33____ and memories are the most valuable things in life and that they can only be ____34____ when we let go of our need for possessions and focus on what really ____35____ in life — enjoying our lives with the people we love. 21. A. cleaned up B. took up C. used up D. packed up 22. A. visiting B. finding C. leaving D. missing 23. A. escape B. unite C. travel D. change 24. A. property B. directions C. cultures D. topics 25. A. roof B. rules C. sky D. pressures 26. A. fancied B. proposed C. admitted D. denied 27. A. crazy B. funny C. serious D. awkward 28. A. safely B. freely C. leisurely D. hurriedly 29. A. forgotten B. wondered C. realized D. believed 30. A. by chance B. on purpose C. as usual D. in need 31. A. give back B. explore C. set out D. relax 32. A. happier B. closer C. colder D. further 33. A. friendships B. health C. courage D. experiences 34. A. obtained B. noticed C. offered D. developed 35. A. works B. happens C. matters D. helps 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家原本生活忙碌，彼此疏离，后来母亲提议放下一切去环球旅行，作者起初觉得疯狂，但两年的旅行经历让他们意识到幸福所需的很少，家人关系也变得更亲密，还明白了经历和回忆才是生活中最宝贵的东西。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我不可能一直提着行李箱过日子！”当我们收拾好意大利威尼斯的家时，我心里这样想。A. cleaned up打扫；B. took up占据；C. used up用完；D. packed up收拾行李。根据上文“live out of a suitcase”和下文“dropping everything to travel the world.”可知，作者一家正在收拾意大利威尼斯的家，准备出发旅行。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：14岁的我无法想象，抛下朋友、学校以及所有“家当”，和家人一起全职环游世界。A. visiting参观；B. finding找到；C. leaving离开；D. missing错过。根据下文“my friends, school, and all my “stuff” behind”以及作者要环游世界可知，作者无法想象把朋友、学校和所有东西都抛在脑后去旅行，即离开这些东西。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. escape逃跑；B. unite团结；C. travel旅行；D. change改变。根据下文“That was when my mom ____6____ dropping everything to travel the world.”可知，此处指和家人一起全职环游世界。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候，我们一家人都朝着不同的方向忙碌——我和妹妹一心扑在学业上，很少待在家里，父母则专注于工作。A. property财产；B. directions方向；C. cultures文化；D. topics话题。根据下文“my sister and I focused on school and were rarely home and my parents focused on work”可知，作者一家人的生活走向不同的方向。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们同住一个屋檐下，却仿佛彼此总也见不到面。A. roof屋顶；B. rules规则；C. sky天空；D. pressures压力。根据上文“It felt like my family never saw each other even though”可知，作者和家人虽然住在同一个屋檐下，却总是见不到面。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，母亲提议放下一切去环游世界。A. fancied喜欢；B. proposed提议；C. admitted承认；D. denied否认。根据下文“Although I absolutely loved the idea of traveling the world ____8____, I couldn’t picture giving up a home full of stuff.”可知，母亲提议放下一切去环游世界。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在当时，这个想法看起来简直太疯狂了。A. crazy疯狂的；B. funny有趣的；C. serious严肃的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文“Although I absolutely loved the idea of traveling the world”以及作者一开始无法想象离开朋友、学校和所有东西去旅行可知，作者一开始觉得母亲的这个提议很疯狂。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确实喜欢可以自由环游世界的这个念头，但实在想象不出放弃一个满是物品的家会是什么样子。A. safely安全地；B. freely自由地；C. leisurely悠闲地；D. hurriedly匆忙地。根据上文“traveling the world”可知，环游世界的核心是摆脱日常束缚、自由出行，此处指作者虽然喜欢自由环游世界的想法，但不愿放弃满是物品的家。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，我们意识到，想要获得幸福，我们真正需要的东西其实少之又少。A. forgotten忘记；B. wondered想知道；C. realized意识到；D. believed相信。根据下文“how little we really need to be happy”可知，经过两年的旅行，作者一家意识到幸福真正需要的其实很少。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：买了新衣服后，我们会把一些旧衣服送给有需要的人，能尽我们所能去回馈他人，这让我们感到无比快乐。A. by chance偶然；B. on purpose故意；C. as usual像往常一样；D. in need在困难中，需要帮助。根据上文“we give some of our old ones away to people”可知，作者他们把旧衣服送给有需要的人。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. give back回馈；B. explore探索；C. set out出发；D. relax放松。根据上文“we give some of our old ones away to people”可知，把旧衣服送给有需要的人是一种回馈社会的行为。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有了过去那些纷扰的事物，我们一家人变得更加亲密了！A. happier更快乐的；B. closer更亲密的；C. colder更冷的；D. further更远的。根据上文“Without all the distractions that we used to have,”可知，没有了以往的干扰，一家人相处的时间变多，关系变得更亲密。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们现在明白了，经历和回忆是人生中最宝贵的东西，而只有当我们放下对物质的渴求，专注于生命中真正重要的事——和爱的人一起享受生活时，才能获得这些宝贵的东西。A. friendships友谊；B. health健康；C. courage勇气；D. experiences经历。根据上文“we have traveled now, we barely carry anything with us except essential things”以及作者一家去旅行可知，旅行带来的核心财富是各地的经历和回忆，这是比物质更珍贵的东西。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obtained获得；B. noticed注意到；C. offered提供；D. developed发展。根据上文“are the most valuable things in life”可知，经历和回忆是生命中最宝贵的东西，所以此处指它们只能被获得。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. works工作；B. happens发生；C. matters要紧；D. helps帮助。根据下文“enjoying our lives with the people we love”可知，此处指专注于生活中真正重要的东西，即和所爱的人一起享受生活。matter意为“要紧”，符合语境。故选C。 四、语法填空（共10分） （本题10分） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Grand Canal, the world’s longest man-made waterway, is a monumental engineering achievement that stretches over 1,794 kilometers across central and eastern China. Its width may vary, but at its ____36____ (wide), the Canal is up to 131 feet. This vast canal system extends from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south, ____37____ (cross) numerous provincial-level regions. ____38____ (list) as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014, the Grand Canal continues to be a significant cultural and historical landmark that reflects brilliant ancient Chinese ____39____ (civilize). The origins of the Grand Canal can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC), ____40____ its earliest sections were established. During the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang Guang recognized the need for a comprehensive transportation network to facilitate the movement of goods, people, and military ____41____ (force) across the unified nation. In 605 AD, he started the ambitious project ____42____ (construct) the Grand Canal, which was completed in 611 AD, connecting the Yellow River with the Yangtze River. This massive undertaking marked ____43____ creation of the world’s largest civil engineering project prior to the Industrial Revolution. Historically, the Grand Canal ____44____ (be) a crucial lifeline for ancient China’s economy, facilitating the transport of agricultural produce, especially grain, from the fertile southern regions to the northern capitals. Today, it is recognized _____45_____ a model of hydraulic engineering and evidence for human creativity and adaptability in overcoming natural challenges. 【答案】36. widest 37. crossing 38. Listed 39. civilization 40. when 41. forces 42. to construct 43. the 44. was 45. as 【解析】 【导语】介绍了世界最长人工水道——大运河的概况、历史发展与文化价值。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它的宽度可能各不相同，但在最宽处，运河可达131英尺。固定搭配at its widest 表示“最宽处”，此处用形容词最高级。wide的最高级为widest。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个庞大的运河系统北起北京，南至浙江省，跨越众多省级行政区。句子主语This vast canal system与cross是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河于2014年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，至今仍是一处重要的文化历史地标，反映了辉煌的中国古代文明。主语the Grand Canal和list之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：大运河于2014年被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，至今仍是一处重要的文化历史地标，反映了辉煌的中国古代文明。ancient Chinese后接名词；civilize是动词，名词形式为civilization（文明）。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：大运河的起源可以追溯到春秋时期（公元前770‑476年），那时它最早的河段被修建出来。先行词the Spring and Autumn Period表示时间，定语从句缺少时间状语，用关系副词when引导。 【41题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：隋朝期间，杨广皇帝意识到需要一个综合交通网络，以便利货物、人员以及军队在统一国家内的调动。military forces为固定短语，意为“军队”，force此处表示武装力量，常用复数。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：公元605年，他开启了这项宏伟的工程来修建大运河，于公元 611 年竣工，连通了黄河与长江。此处用不定式作目的状语。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这项浩大的工程标志着工业革命之前世界上最大土木工程的诞生。creation后面有后置定语限定，表特指，要用定冠词the。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：从历史上看，大运河曾是古代中国经济至关重要的生命线，促进了农产品（尤其是粮食）从富饶的南方地区运往北方都城。根据Historically以及ancient China可知描述过去的事情，主语the Grand Canal为单数，be动词用was。 【45题详解】 考查固定介词搭配。句意：如今，它被公认为水利工程的典范，也是人类克服自然挑战所展现创造力与适应力的证明。固定短语 be recognized as：被公认为……。 五、书信写作（共15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你们班上周五在公园上了一节美术课，请给英国好友Chris写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括：  1. 你的作品内容； 2. 你的感想。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park. You cannot imagine how meaningful and interesting it was! We were tasked to draw or paint something that impressed us most. Inspired by the fantastic scenery, I decided to create a watercolor painting of the small bridge over the park’s pond, surrounded by blooming flowers. The entire experience was incredibly refreshing. Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. I felt a deep sense of peace as I painted. In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. How have your classes been lately? I would love to hear about them. Take care and write back soon! Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Chris写一封邮件分享美术课经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 惊奇的：extraordinary→amazing 安排：task→assign 创作：create→compose 总之：in a word→all in all 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：In a word, it was not just an art class; it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. 拓展句：In a word, not only was it an art class, but also it was a moment of connection with nature that I truly cherished. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to share an extraordinary experience from last Friday when our class had an art lesson in the park. (运用了when引导定语从句) [高分句型2] Being surrounded by nature not only sparked my creativity but also offered a much-needed break from the usual hustle and bustle of school life. (运用了动名词作主语) 六、读后续写（共25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My love for dance began when I was very young and I would dream to be a star dancer from time to time. With the drama festival approaching, the school’s drama club had released a notice for the dancer audition (试镜) for The Twelve Dancing Princesses. And of course I was the first one to sign up. As I left the stage after my audition at school, I could feel it. The power. The future. I knew that someday when dancers’ magazines wrote about me, they would say this moment was when my rise to a star began. My ballet slippers hurt my feet, but I figured that was helpful. In The Twelve Dancing Princesses, the princesses danced all night so they probably had foot pain, too. My performance was more genuine because of my pain. I needed to show my devotion even when I wasn’t on stage, so I approached Mr. Ellison, the drama club advisor. He told me that casting (角色分配) will be posted tomorrow.“ Thank you, sir,” I said, using the almost British pronunciation of Hollywood stars in the 1940s. I was so sure that Mr. Ellison would cast me as a princess. The next morning, I went to read the cast list. The twelve princesses were first, by number. I scanned from One to Twelve, but none by me. At the bottom of the casting list, my name finally appeared. My role was a really small one, an old woman who helped a soldier, not one of the princesses! I was desperately disappointed. Mr. Ellison must have made a mistake! No one else in the school had my skills or preparation!. I found him in his classroom, but he insisted there was no mistake and emphasized that every role in a play was important. Unable to accept the fact, I burst into tears. Mr. Ellison managed to calm me down and encouraged me to have a try in the rehearsal (排练). 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, I dragged myself to the rehearsal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the great day arrived and “the old woman” couldn’t wait to get on stage. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The next day, I dragged myself to the rehearsal, still feeling disheartened. As we began, I watched the princesses dance gracefully, a twinge of jealousy stirring within me. But then, as I started to act out my role, something shifted. Mr. Ellison’s words echoed in my mind, “Every role is important.” Gradually, I immersed myself in the character of the old woman. My lines flowed naturally, and I found a newfound respect for my role. To my surprise, my performance drew applause from my peers. This small role, I realized, could be a powerful one. Finally, the great day arrived, and “the old woman” couldn’t wait to get on stage. As the curtains opened, a rush of excitement filled me. I delivered my lines with conviction, feeling more alive on stage than I had ever been. The audience laughed at my humorous lines, and I felt a sense of accomplishment. When the final curtain fell, the applause was deafening. Mr. Ellison’s words had been right — every role was important. I had found my place in the spotlight, not as a princess, but as an old woman who helped a soldier. And it was enough. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了热爱舞蹈的女孩报名参加学校戏剧俱乐部的《十二个跳舞的公主》试镜，期望成为明星舞者。试镜后她自信将被选为公主，却最终被分配扮演帮助士兵的老妇人。女孩深感失望，顾问老师安慰并鼓励她尝试排练。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天，我拖着自己来到排练现场。”可知，第一段可描写女孩虽然失望但仍然参加排练，以及在排练过程中的心态转变和发现自身角色的价值。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，那个伟大的日子到来了，‘老妇人’迫不及待地想要登上舞台。”可知，第二段可描写女孩在正式演出时的表现和心路历程，以及演出结束后的感受和收获。 2. 续写线索：女孩失望参加排练——逐渐投入角色——发现角色价值——正式演出表现出色——获得认可和成就感 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①改变：shift/change ②投入：immerse/engage in ③发现：find/discover 情绪类 ①失望的：disheartened/disappointed ②嫉妒的：jealous/envious ③令我惊讶的是：to my surprise/to my amazement 【点睛】[高分句型1] As we began, I watched the princesses dance gracefully, a twinge of jealousy stirring within me. (运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] When the final curtain fell, the applause was deafening. (运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] I had found my place in the spotlight, not as a princess, but as an old woman who helped a soldier.(运用了关系代词who引导限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 平凉一中2028届高二第一学期阶段性考试试题（卷） 高二英语 听力：略 一、阅读理解（共37.5分） （本题7.5分） Hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires are a few examples of unavoidable natural disasters. Throughout history, humans have caused some of the most disastrous environmental events. Here are four of them in the United States history that originated through human fault. The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone In 1985, scientists began mapping a dead zone in the Gulf of Mexico. For years, humans have polluted the Mississippi River with pesticides, industrial waste, and poisonous chemicals. As the river flows into the Gulf, extra nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorous in the water cause sudden and quick algal (海藻) growth, consuming too much oxygen. In 2021, the disaster area measured 6,334 square miles. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a huge area of marine waste in the North Pacific Ocean. It is made up of tiny pieces of plastic brought together by the North Pacific Gyre (北太平洋环流), which is formed by four ocean currents — California, North Equatorial, Kuroshio, and North Pacific. Three Mile Island Accident One of the most significant accidents in the history of American nuclear power took place on March 28, 1979. The disaster happened at Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The unit was damaged beyond repair and released radioactive material into the environment. 2017 California Wildfires Human activities such as burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and raising large numbers of animals can increase greenhouse gases in the air, making the Earth warmer. In October 2017, northern California had one of the most deadly wildfire seasons in history. Higher temperatures and drought made the fire spread quickly. The 2017 wildfires burned about 245,000 acres of land and killed at least 47 people. 1. What do the four disasters have in common? A. They are all natural disasters. B. They all happened in coastal areas. C. They can all repair themselves naturally. D. They were all caused by human activities. 2. What is special about The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone? A. It happened because the water lost too much oxygen. B. It was caused by the release of radioactive materials. C. More greenhouse gases in the air led to the disaster. D. Tiny plastic pieces carried by ocean currents caused it. 3. Which disaster was related to nuclear power? A. The Gulf of Mexico Dead Zone. B. The Great Pacific Garbage Patch. C. Three Mile Island Accident. D. 2017 California Wildfires. （本题10分） About 10 years ago, I invited my dad to stay at my fancy flat. I proudly showed him the advanced audio system, the multi-level lighting, and the television operated by a single touchscreen remote. Having encouraged him to relax, I headed to work. Returning that night, however, I found the place in darkness. Switching on the light, I saw him sitting alone, an error message flashing across the TV screen. “I tried,” he said, looking frustrated, “but got nowhere with anything, so I just gave up.” At that time, I was somehow annoyed with him, but to be honest, 10 years on I am still struggling with the stupid lights, TV and sound system myself. My parents’ difficulties are becoming my own, and I am angry at everyone involved in the design of anything. In the interest of greater functionality, everything is being over-engineered to the point — for many people — of non-functionality. It’s not just house appliances. Smartphones made the screens highly touch-sensitive: a light press does one thing, a hard press another. For older people, a hard stab often brings up unexpected menus, deepening their desperation. Does the “smart” in smartphone refer to the brilliance required of its users? And symbols for words are a problem everywhere. To access a start menu, you no longer click “Start”; you click on a symbol of a window. To forward an email, you click on three vertical dots. Why? Yes, we are always going to be somewhat confused by the world as old age comes around. But these endless, daily tests and trials set by the march of technology are real breakers of spirit and hidden barriers shutting them out. The biggest tragedy is that technology could be more helpful for older people if only they were able to use it easily. Honestly, those who design this stuff are plainly doing so for people close in age to themselves. However, it might be well worth remembering that, one day, their time will come. 4. What made the father feel frustrated? A. Watching terrible news on TV. B. Sitting alone at the fancy flat. C. Failing to operate smart devices. D. Breaking the touchscreen remote. 5. Why does the author mention the examples in Paragraph 3? A. To complain devices require extreme brilliance. B. To explain symbols cause operational confusion. C. To show touch-sensitive screens spoil older users. D. To prove over-engineering weakens basic usability. 6. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Smart devices will be targeted at the elderly. B. Future technologies will leave seniors behind. C. Designers should consider the needs of seniors. D. Youngsters should teach older users practical skills. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Less Tests, Brighter Future B. More Functions, Greater Ease C. Older Users, Better Designers D. Smarter Devices, Tougher Lives （本题10分） Most young people today have never picked a tomato off a vine (藤蔓), collected eggs from a chicken cage, or understood the work that goes into growing a single head of cabbage. This disconnection from food sources creates a broader disconnection from the environment and the systems that sustain us. Sustainable agriculture education fills this gap by giving students direct experience with how food is grown and harvested. When the youth engage with farming and gardening, they develop a deeper appreciation for the resources required to produce food. They witness the first-hand relationship between healthy soil, clean water, and nutritious crops. They learn that food production doesn’t happen in isolation but as part of complex ecosystems involving insects, microorganisms, weather patterns, and human labor. Beyond environmental awareness, students also learn patience as they wait for seeds to come up and plants to mature. They develop problem-solving abilities when facing challenges such as pests, drought, and unexpected weather. They practice responsibility through regular care and maintenance of plants and animals. They experience how individual contributions combine to create collective success. Many students also discover they enjoy and excel at hands-on work, building confidence that might not emerge in traditional academic settings. When students work with living systems, they witness cause-and-effect relationships that might otherwise remain abstract. Water conservation becomes personal when students must regularly irrigate their plants and can observe the consequences of too much or too little water. Installing rainwater collectors, learning about drip irrigation, or comparing the water needs of different crops can make resource management tangible. Students begin thinking critically about water use, not just in the garden but in their broader lives. Simply begin by assessing your available space and resources. A sunny corner of a schoolyard, a vacant lot, or even containers can become productive growing spaces. The key is to start with manageable projects that can succeed. Growing easy, fast-maturing crops gives students quick wins and keeps up enthusiasm while they learn fundamental skills. 8. What problem can sustainable agriculture education address? A. The urgent threat posed by climate change. B. The growing challenges of ensuring food security. C. Students’ ignorance of environmental conservation. D. Students’ lack of direct engagement with farming. 9. How does sustainable agriculture education benefit students? A. By improving their physical strength. B. By boosting their academic performance. C. By maximizing their personal contributions. D. By developing their qualities and capabilities. 10. What does “tangible” underlined in paragraph 4 mean? A. Available. B. Concrete. C. Flexible. D. Complex. 11. What does the author suggest on agricultural education? A. Finding a sunny farm. B. Buying costly equipment first. C. Waiting for perfect conditions. D. Starting with accessible projects. （本题10分） The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is the most popular and well-known measure of personality. Fifty million people have taken the test and it has been used by 89% of Fortune 500 companies at some point to screen employees. People put their Myers-Briggs kind on their Tinder profiles, and several years ago funders even put up $1 million to develop an app matching couples based on their Myers-Briggs personality types. While the Myers-Briggs test is telling people who to hire and marry, scientists hate it. As Laith Al-Shawaf has noted, “Any psychologist will tell you it makes no sense.” Then why is it so popular? It’s because people are easily tricked to do psychology tests. Let’s start with the MBTI. Designed in World War Ⅱ by an American mother-daughter pair inspired by Carl Jung’s theory, the test sorts people into 16 categories (种类) with attractive names. Another benefit is that you get matched with famous people. Despite the joy of being compared to famous people, psychologists have repeatedly argued that the Myers-Briggs has minimal predictive ability and is grounded in disproved theory. If you take the test more than once, it’s also quite likely to give you different answers each time. Another big problem is that these 16 categories are against how present-day psychologists think about personality. Present-day psychologists think human personality consists of five continuous traits (特点), known as the Big 5. Instead of putting people into fixed groups, each trait ranges from high to low. Scientific comparisons show the Big 5 is twice as accurate as MBTI in predicting real-life outcomes. The use of MBTI categories is a great marketing strategy and a big part of the reason behind the popularity of many questionable personality tests. People are attracted to group memberships that provide both a sense of connection to people just like them and distinction from others. Therefore, organizations should build real meaningful identities for a sense of belonging. When making choices, turn to scientifically valid tests such as the Big 5 rather than imaginary identities from MBTI. 12. Why are some figures mentioned in introducing MBTI in paragraph 1? A. To show its wide popularity. B. To prove its scientific value. C. To stress its test accuracy. D. To describe its high risk. 13. What are the drawbacks of MBTI in psychologists’ opinion? A. Unreliable theoretical base. B. False test outcomes. C. Too complicated process. D. Poor real-life application. 14. What accounts for the popularity of questionable personality tests? A. Practical career guidance. B. Study of mental conditions. C. Fulfillment of social needs. D. Improvement of life quality. 15. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Personality Traits and Daily Choices B. Hidden Problems of Popular MBTI C. Misleading Personality Classifications D. The Most Popular Test — MBTI 二、七选五（共12.5分） （本题10分） Life is inevitably accompanied by various forms of adversity, including academic setbacks, interpersonal conflicts and unexpected failures. ____16____ As a matter of fact, adversity rarely destroys us completely. Instead, it polishes our character, builds our willpower and prepares us for future challenges. ____17____ Many individuals tend to feel discouraged and choose to give up when faced with severe obstacles. True courage, however, does not mean the absence of fear. It refers to the ability to keep moving forward despite inner worry and uncertainty, and it can be gradually cultivated through continuous experience. Since adversity is an unavoidable part of growth, we have no way to escape it in our life. ____18____. Rather than complaining about unfair situations or avoiding pressure blindly, we should learn to accept difficulties bravely and draw lessons from every failure. Each painful experience serves as a valuable opportunity for self-improvement. Furthermore, it is unwise to fight against severe adversity all by ourselves. ____19____. Sincere advice and emotional comfort from people around us can greatly reduce our pressure and offer new solutions to our troubles. In brief, adversity acts as a precious test of our perseverance and courage. A strong mind enables us to survive various tough times. ____20____. A. Most students give up their goals because of temporary failure. B. But we are capable of adjusting our attitudes towards adversity. C. Positive attitudes can immediately remove all difficulties in life. D. Courage plays a vital role in overcoming various kinds of adversity. E. External support from others can make a huge difference in hard times. F. Nobody can enjoy a completely smooth and trouble-free life all the time. G. Armed with courage, we can overcome obstacles and achieve self-improvement. 三、完形填空（共15分） （本题15分） “There is no way I can live out of a suitcase!” I thought as we ____21____ our home in Venice, Italy. At fourteen years old, I couldn’t imagine ____22____ my friends, school, and all my “stuff” behind to ____23____ the world full-time with my family. At the time, we were all going in different ____24____ — my sister and I focused on school and were rarely home and my parents focused on work. It felt like my family never saw each other even though we lived under the same ____25____. That was when my mom ____26____ dropping everything to travel the world. At that time, it seemed so ____27____. Although I absolutely loved the idea of traveling the world ____28____, I couldn’t picture giving up a home full of stuff. That was over two years, thirty-eight countries, and four continents ago! During that time, we have ____29____ how little we really need to be happy. As we travel now, we barely carry anything with us except essential things. After buying new clothes, we give some of our old ones away to people ____30____ and it makes us so happy to be able to ____31____ wherever we can. Without all the distractions that we used to have, we have become ____32____ as a family! We now know that ____33____ and memories are the most valuable things in life and that they can only be ____34____ when we let go of our need for possessions and focus on what really ____35____ in life — enjoying our lives with the people we love. 21. A. cleaned up B. took up C. used up D. packed up 22. A. visiting B. finding C. leaving D. missing 23. A. escape B. unite C. travel D. change 24. A. property B. directions C. cultures D. topics 25. A. roof B. rules C. sky D. pressures 26. A. fancied B. proposed C. admitted D. denied 27. A. crazy B. funny C. serious D. awkward 28. A. safely B. freely C. leisurely D. hurriedly 29. A. forgotten B. wondered C. realized D. believed 30. A. by chance B. on purpose C. as usual D. in need 31. A. give back B. explore C. set out D. relax 32. A. happier B. closer C. colder D. further 33. A. friendships B. health C. courage D. experiences 34. A. obtained B. noticed C. offered D. developed 35. A. works B. happens C. matters D. helps 四、语法填空（共10分） （本题10分） 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Grand Canal, the world’s longest man-made waterway, is a monumental engineering achievement that stretches over 1,794 kilometers across central and eastern China. Its width may vary, but at its ____36____ (wide), the Canal is up to 131 feet. This vast canal system extends from Beijing in the north to Zhejiang province in the south, ____37____ (cross) numerous provincial-level regions. ____38____ (list) as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014, the Grand Canal continues to be a significant cultural and historical landmark that reflects brilliant ancient Chinese ____39____ (civilize). The origins of the Grand Canal can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period(770-476 BC), ____40____ its earliest sections were established. During the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Yang Guang recognized the need for a comprehensive transportation network to facilitate the movement of goods, people, and military ____41____ (force) across the unified nation. In 605 AD, he started the ambitious project ____42____ (construct) the Grand Canal, which was completed in 611 AD, connecting the Yellow River with the Yangtze River. This massive undertaking marked ____43____ creation of the world’s largest civil engineering project prior to the Industrial Revolution. Historically, the Grand Canal ____44____ (be) a crucial lifeline for ancient China’s economy, facilitating the transport of agricultural produce, especially grain, from the fertile southern regions to the northern capitals. Today, it is recognized _____45_____ a model of hydraulic engineering and evidence for human creativity and adaptability in overcoming natural challenges. 五、书信写作（共15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你们班上周五在公园上了一节美术课，请给英国好友Chris写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括：  1. 你的作品内容； 2. 你的感想。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、读后续写（共25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My love for dance began when I was very young and I would dream to be a star dancer from time to time. With the drama festival approaching, the school’s drama club had released a notice for the dancer audition (试镜) for The Twelve Dancing Princesses. And of course I was the first one to sign up. As I left the stage after my audition at school, I could feel it. The power. The future. I knew that someday when dancers’ magazines wrote about me, they would say this moment was when my rise to a star began. My ballet slippers hurt my feet, but I figured that was helpful. In The Twelve Dancing Princesses, the princesses danced all night so they probably had foot pain, too. My performance was more genuine because of my pain. I needed to show my devotion even when I wasn’t on stage, so I approached Mr. Ellison, the drama club advisor. He told me that casting (角色分配) will be posted tomorrow.“ Thank you, sir,” I said, using the almost British pronunciation of Hollywood stars in the 1940s. I was so sure that Mr. Ellison would cast me as a princess. The next morning, I went to read the cast list. The twelve princesses were first, by number. I scanned from One to Twelve, but none by me. At the bottom of the casting list, my name finally appeared. My role was a really small one, an old woman who helped a soldier, not one of the princesses! I was desperately disappointed. Mr. Ellison must have made a mistake! No one else in the school had my skills or preparation!. I found him in his classroom, but he insisted there was no mistake and emphasized that every role in a play was important. Unable to accept the fact, I burst into tears. Mr. Ellison managed to calm me down and encouraged me to have a try in the rehearsal (排练). 注意：1. 续写词数应为 150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next day, I dragged myself to the rehearsal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Finally, the great day arrived and “the old woman” couldn’t wait to get on stage. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $