Unit5 知识点笔记语法讲解 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

人教九年级上册英语知识笔记 Unit 5 Power of Ideas　思想的力量 重点单词 序号 单词 · 词性 · 音标 · 释义 拓展讲解 1 invention n. /ɪnˈvenʃn/ 发明；创造 invent v.；inventor n. 2 camera n. /ˈkæmərə/ 照相机 take photos with a camera 3 itself pron. /ɪtˈself/ 它自己 by itself 独自 4 produce v. /prəˈdjuːs/ 生产 product n. 产品；production n. 5 plastic n./adj. /ˈplæstɪk/ 塑料(的) plastic bags 塑料袋 6 printer n. /ˈprɪntə/ 打印机 print v. 7 invent v. /ɪnˈvent/ 发明；编造 invention n.；辨析 invent(创造新物)/discover(发现已有) 8 suppose v. /səˈpəʊz/ 认为；推断 be supposed to do 应该做 9 wheel n. /wiːl/ 轮子 invent the wheel 10 complete v./adj. /kəmˈpliːt/ 完成；完全的 completely adv. 11 tourism n. /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ 旅游业 tourist n. 游客 12 reality n. /riˈæləti/ 现实；事实 real adj. 13 responsible adj. /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ 有责任的 be responsible for 对……负责 14 rapid adj. /ˈræpɪd/ 迅速的 rapidly adv. 15 shape v./n. /ʃeɪp/ 塑造；形状 in the shape of 16 stone n. /stəʊn/ 石头 a stone bridge 石桥 17 expensive adj. /ɪkˈspensɪv/ 昂贵的 反义词 cheap 18 officer n. /ˈɒfɪsə/ 官员；职员 police officer 19 none pron. /nʌn/ 没有一个 辨析 none/no one/nothing 20 certain adj. /ˈsɜːtn/ 某些；确定的 certainly adv. 21 suitable adj. /ˈsuːtəbl/ 合适的 be suitable for 22 cheap adj. /tʃiːp/ 便宜的 cheaply adv. 23 birth n. /bɜːθ/ 诞生；起源 give birth to 产生 24 rapidly adv. /ˈræpɪdli/ 迅速地 develop rapidly 25 afford v. /əˈfɔːd/ 买得起 can afford to do sth 26 company n. /ˈkʌmpəni/ 公司；剧团 a company of 27 production n. /prəˈdʌkʃn/ 生产 produce v. 28 widely adv. /ˈwaɪdli/ 广泛地 be widely used 【词汇小练】 1. The computer is one of the most important ________ (invent) in the 20th century. 2. We are ________ (suppose) to hand in our homework on time. 3. The ________ (produce) of this factory has increased a lot. 4. English is ________ (wide) used all over the world. 参考答案： 1. inventions 2. supposed 3. production 4. widely 重点短语 1. high-speed train 高速列车 例句：Take the high-speed train to save time. 坐高铁省时间。 练一练：It's faster to go to Beijing by ________. 答：high-speed train 2. hundreds of 数百；许多 辨析：two hundred 不加 s；hundreds of 加 s 例句：Hundreds of students joined in. 数百名学生参加。 练一练：________ people took part in the activity yesterday. 答：Hundreds of 3. all over the world 全世界 辨析：= around the world, throughout the world 例句：People all over the world love peace. 全世界人民热爱和平。 练一练：Chinese food is popular ________. 答：all over the world 4. be supposed to do/be 应当做某事 辨析：= should do；否定 be not supposed to do 不应该 例句：You are supposed to arrive on time. 你应当准时到。 练一练：Students ________ be in the classroom before 8 o'clock. 答：are supposed to 5. be responsible for 对……负责；引起 例句：He is responsible for the mistake. 他对这个错误负责。 练一练：Everyone should ________ his own actions. 答：be responsible for 6. later on 后来；之后 例句：We can discuss it later on. 我们稍后讨论。 练一练：At first he disagreed, but ________ he changed his mind. 答：later on 7. speed up (使)加速 辨析：反义 slow down 例句：The train began to speed up. 火车开始加速。 练一练：The car ________ as it entered the highway. 答：sped up 8. result in 造成；导致 辨析：= lead to, cause 例句：Carelessness can result in mistakes. 粗心会出错。 练一练：Smoking can ________ lung cancer. 答：result in / lead to 9. lead to 导致；通向 辨析：to 是介词，后接名词/doing 例句：Good habits lead to success. 好习惯通向成功。 练一练：Hard work ________ success. 答：leads to 10. be looking to do sth 设法寻求做某事 例句：We are looking to improve our skills. 我们寻求提升技能。 练一练：The company ________ expand its business overseas. 答：is looking to 核心句式 1. either…or…　要么……要么…… 结构：Either A or B + 谓语（就近原则） 用法：连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语（B）保持一致；可连接主语、宾语、表语、状语等。 例：Either you or he has to clean the room. 不是你就是他打扫房间。 易错：谓语必须与 or 后的主语一致（误：Either you or he have → 正：has）。 练一练：Either you or your sister ________ (have) to clean the room. 答：has 2. not only…but (also)…　不仅……而且…… 结构：Not only A but (also) B + 谓语（就近原则） 用法：连接并列主语时谓语与 B 一致；not only 置于句首时，前半句要用部分倒装；also 可省略。 例：Not only Tom but also his parents like reading. 不仅汤姆，他父母也爱阅读。 易错：not only 放句首时必须倒装（助动词提前）；also 不能换成 too。 练一练：Not only the students but also the teacher ________ (enjoy) the film. 答：enjoys 3. 疑问词 + 动词不定式 结构：疑问词（what/which/who/when/where/how）+ to do sth 用法：在句中可作主语、宾语、表语；相当于一个名词性从句；why 不用于此结构。 例：I haven't decided which book to choose. 我还没决定选哪本书。 易错：没有 why to do 的说法；不定式的逻辑主语须与主句主语一致或用 for sb 引出。 练一练：I don't know ________ to do next. (what/how) 答：what 语法全解 一般现在时被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词 【例句】 · English is spoken in many countries. 许多国家说英语。 · The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天被打扫。 【讲解】 ① 定义： 当主语是动作的承受者（而非执行者）时，用被动语态。一般现在时被动表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作或客观事实、普遍真理。 ② 谓语构成： 主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词（done）。am 用于第一人称单数 I；is 用于第三人称单数；are 用于其余人称。 ③ 否定与疑问： 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + done。疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done？回答用 Yes, 主语 + am/is/are. / No, 主语 + am not/isn't/aren't. ④ 主动变被动： 口诀：宾变主（主动句宾语变被动句主语），主变宾（主动句主语变 by 短语），谓动 be done 形，时态看原句。如 People grow rice in the south. → Rice is grown in the south (by people). ⑤ 使用条件： 只有及物动词（vt.）才有被动语态；不及物动词（happen, take place, belong to, appear, disappear, rise）无被动。感官动词和使役动词（see, hear, make, let）变被动后，省略的 to 要还原。 ⑥ 时间标志： often, usually, always, every day/week, sometimes, once a week 等表频率的状语，以及描述客观事实的句子。 【注意】 · 不及物动词不能变被动（误：The accident was happened. → 正：The accident happened.）。 · 被动语态中 by 后的代词用宾格（by him，不用 by he）。 · 有些动词用主动形式表被动含义：The book sells well.（这本书畅销。）The pen writes smoothly.（这支笔好写。） 【拓展】 含情态动词的被动：情态动词 + be + done，如 The work must be finished today.（这项工作今天必须完成。） 【例句】 · Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种水稻。 · These machines are made in Germany. 这些机器是德国制造的。 · Is the letter written in English? 这封信是用英语写的吗？ · The windows are not opened in winter. 冬天窗户不开。 练一练：The classroom ________ (clean) by the students every day. 答：is cleaned 一般过去时被动语态：was/were + 过去分词 【例句】 · The school was built in 2010. 这所学校建于2010年。 · These trees were planted last spring. 这些树是去年春天种的。 【讲解】 ① 定义： 表示过去某个时间被做的动作，主语是动作的承受者。强调过去动作的结果或状态。 ② 谓语构成： 主语 + was/were + 过去分词。was 用于第一人称单数和第三人称单数；were 用于其余人称。 ③ 否定与疑问： 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + done（wasn't/weren't）。疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + done？ ④ 时间标志： yesterday（昨天）, last week/month/year（上周/月/年）, …ago（……以前）, in + 过去年份（in 2008）, just now（刚才）, at that time（在那时）。 ⑤ 主动变被动示例： They built the bridge in 1990. → The bridge was built in 1990 (by them). 主动句的宾语 the bridge 变被动句主语，谓语由 built 变为 was built。 【注意】 · 被动语态中 by 后的代词用宾格（by him，不用 by he）。 · 一般过去时被动与一般现在时被动的区别只在 be 动词的时态：was/were vs am/is/are，过去分词不变。 【拓展】 过去进行时被动：was/were + being + done（较少用），如 The road was being built this time last year.（去年这个时候这条路正在修建。） 【例句】 · The letter was posted yesterday. 信是昨天寄出的。 · Were these photos taken in Beijing? 这些照片是在北京拍的吗？ · The old house was pulled down last month. 那栋老房子上个月被拆了。 · I wasn't invited to the party. 我没被邀请参加聚会。 练一练：This bridge ________ (build) two years ago. 答：was built 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $