精品解析：河南平顶山市2026-2027学年高三10月学情调研英语试题

秘密★启用前 高三年级过程性作业评价 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where does the conversation most likely take place? A. In a canteen. B. In a hotel. C. In a supermarket. 2. What is the problem with the speakers? A. They missed a train. B. They made a registration error. C. They have a scheduling conflict. 3. What does the woman question about Mary’s entry? A. Its purpose. B. Its qualification. C. Its competitiveness. 4. What does the man probably do? A. A caregiver. B. A bookseller. C. A librarian. 5. How many hours earlier will Wednesday’s practice start? A. 1 hour. B. 2 hours. C. 3 hours. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman like about her part-time job? A. Being with books. B. Flexible working hours. C. The friendly environment. 7. What does the woman plan to do? A. Quit her job. B. Adjust her schedule. C. Change her major. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the woman make the phone call? A. To rent a bike. B. To post an ad. C. To join a trip. 9. What is unavailable to new members? A. Equipment. B. Brochures. C. Refreshments. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Guide and tourist. B. Salesman and customer. C. Organize r and participant. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What prevented the honey from being sold last year? A. Its poor quality. B. The bad weather. C. The high pricing. 12. Which best describes the woman’s effort? A. Fruitful. B. Pointless. C. Misguided. 13. What will the woman probably do next month? A. Livestream peach sales. B. Train some bee farmers. C. Learn video editing. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the main purpose of the interview? A. To promote a product. B. To introduce an award. C. To share a success story. 15. What is special about Jason’s product? A. It is cheaper. B. It degrades faster. C. It wears more slowly. 16. What inspired Jason to start his project? A. His school research. B. His community service. C. His childhood experience. 17. What advice does Jason give to students? A. Aiming high. B. Starting small. C. Keeping going. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the notice mainly about? A. A special AI course. B. A new AI Experience Zone. C. An interactive summer camp. 19. What can visitors do in the museum? A. Learn sign language for free. B. Watch a live race on the computer. C. Learn to make a small AI program. 20. What is offered to groups of over 10 students? A. A 10% discount. B. Free entry. C. An AI project. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Orienteering (越野识途) and GPS Advanced Compass and Map Registration Open 22 of 25 seats remaining Instructed by: Kayla R Rosen LOCATION & SCHEDULE Meeting at: the main parking lot at the south entrance Located at: Pacific Palisades Conservation Area-South 1628-1648 Buscher Rd, Pacific, MO 63069 Start Time: Friday, March 19, 2027 10:00 a.m. End Time: Friday, March 19, 2027 3:00 p.m. Additional Information: Join at Pacific Palisades for an advanced orienteering program where you’ll have an opportunity to test your compass and map-reading skills off trail through thick woods. Prior experience with a compass is recommended. Be sure to dress for the outdoors and prepare for the weather, uneven footing, low-lying water, and thick brush. Waterproof boots and long pants are strongly recommended. Everyone planning to attend the event should register separately. Cancellation Policy: You must cancel your registration before Thursday, March 18, 2027. Age Policy: All registrants for this event must be a minimum age of 16 by March 19, 2027. * If you are having difficulty registering online, you can contact the phone registration service at 188-8283-0364. Event call center hours are Monday to Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. You are invited to our community activity. Come and join us! 1. What is the scheduled duration of the orienteering activity? A. 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 4 hours. D. 5 hours. 2. What are participants advised to do? A. Register online. B. Dress appropriately. C. Bring their own compass. D. Call the service center in advance. 3. Where is this text probably from? A. A weather app. B. A news report. C. A community website. D. A tourist guide. B Lazarus Kgasi is one of the eight children in his family. When he finished high school, he knew full well what he had to do — find a job to support his family. He did clerical work. He tried his hand as an auto mechanic. Then, in 2000, he applied for a job as a fossil (化石) digger in the Cradle of Humankind, a UNESCO World Heritage site helping prove that the African continent was indeed the birthplace of humanity. For months, Kgasi didn’t know why he was digging. He had never learned about human evolution or the role that his country had played in reconstructing the story of our ancestors. He just dug. But after about two years, Kgasi began to wonder: what exactly were these things he was pulling out of the earth? So he asked the researchers he was working for. In Kgasi, the researchers noticed something familiar: the makings of a scientist. They started explaining things to him. The researchers put Kgasi in charge of the field site. He began doing initial identifications of the fossils before handing them over. He got hired by the local university, first as a fossil excavator (发掘者) and then as a manager of the other excavators. And soon, he started doing his own research, which continues to this day. Everything that Kgasi knows has been learned by doing. Perhaps due to his lack of formal training, he recognizes the power of a solid education. This is one reason he spends a lot of his time speaking to young people in the field and at the museum. “It’s so magical to bring them into the museum and they sit down,” he says. “You are telling the story of these fossils in their own language, Setswana.” This matters because English is commonly used in scientific communication worldwide. So by speaking Setswana, Kgasi is making these discoveries accessible and recognizable to young Black South Africans. For Kgasi, the students and young people he engages with are carrying on a powerful tradition. 4. Which of the following best describes Lazarus Kgasi in 2000? A. Highly educated. B. Socially privileged. C. Physically challenged. D. Economically disadvantaged. 5. What might “the makings of a scientist” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Experiences in research. B. Abilities to observe. C. Qualities to be a scientist. D. Talents for excavating. 6. Why does Kgasi use Setswana to explain fossils to local youths? A. It simplifies scientific terms. B. It helps him achieve instant fame. C. It makes science feel relevant to them. D. It bridges the divide between generations. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A scientist’s path to fossil discoveries. B. The role of local languages in education. C. The value of formal education in science. D. A fossil digger’s rise to a cultural spreader. C Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai’s eruption in January 2022 was among the most violent volcanic eruptions of modern times. New research reveals that the outbreak, located off Tonga in the South Pacific, was also a rather polite one, as the underwater volcano’s explosion came with a chemical reaction that removed some of its own methane emissions (甲烷排放). Scientists examined satellite images and found an unexpectedly high concentration of formaldehyde, a gas that temporarily forms when methane breaks down in the atmosphere. The finding, published in May in the journal Nature Communications, suggests that a methane cleanup process was taking place in the stratosphere (平流层) in the wake of the eruption. Though further research is necessary to truly understand the chemistry at play, this natural mechanism could inspire artificial global warming interventions. The chemical process driving the cleanup is not new. Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai shot salty ocean water into the air, ultimately releasing enough water vapor into the stratosphere to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-size swimming pools. When sunlight hit this cloud, it could have caused reactions that produced chlorine (氯), and the chlorine could have broken down the methane in a process that resulted in formaldehyde. As human-generated emissions of greenhouse gases, including methane, continue to warm the planet, the idea is that this natural cleanup process could inspire an artificial intervention to remove even more methane. But some researchers are wary of the implications. Pete Edwards, an atmospheric chemist at the University of York in England who was not involved in the study, notes that the impact of such a strategy would be difficult to predict. The volcano’s methane-removing chemistry occurred in the stratosphere, and any intervention by humans would be in the troposphere (the layer of the Earth’s atmosphere below the stratosphere). Meanwhile, atmospheric scientist Folkert Boersma adds, “We all know what to do. It’s not shooting chlorine into the stratosphere; it’s just making sure that we reduce emissions.” 8. Why is Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai’s eruption described as “polite”? A. It’s short-lived. B. It’s self-cleansing. C. It’s gentle in force. D. It’s safe for humans. 9. What led the scientists to reach their conclusion in paragraph 2? A. The increase of methane. B. The artificial intervention. C. The generation of chlorine. D. The rise in the concentration of a gas. 10. What does the author try to illustrate in paragraph 3? A. A natural cleaning method. B. A chemical reaction process. C. An environmental phenomenon. D. An unexpected scientific finding. 11. What does the underlined phrase “wary of” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Cautious about. B. Favorable to. C. Uninterested in. D. Confident of. D Scientists have long thought raindrops contribute to the wear and tear of protective coatings, because they physically damage the coating as they slide down it and have acidic components that can chemically degrade it. Now, new research suggests there may be more to this destruction than previously thought. Water drops can become electrically charged as they slide across smooth surfaces, such as plant leaves, insect wings, building walls and window glass. When these electrified drops fall onto coated metals, they generate micro-discharges capable of breaking through protective coatings like Teflon and damaging the underlying metal, according to a study published on August 26 in the journal Nature. To investigate this, study co-author Hans-Jürgen Butt, a physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Germany, and co-workers dropped water drops onto different insulating (绝缘的) materials, including plant leaves, PVC boards and glass, and allowed the liquid to run down and fall onto Teflon-coated copper (铜). Applying only a few dozen drops resulted in no visible wear. But when the team applied 3,000 electrified drops, a powerful microscope revealed a surprising amount of damage. The water had eaten through the Teflon and left the underlying copper uneven. By contrast, dropping water directly onto the coated copper caused no corrosion (腐蚀). The researchers suggest that as the water drops slide down a surface, they acquire a tiny positive charge. When a drop approaches the coated metal, the electrical potential difference between the drop and the underlying metal can exceed 1,000 volts. Since commercial coatings on cars and ships are typically thicker than the Teflon coating used in the experiment, these charged drops pose no immediate danger to modern vehicles, Butt says. However, the process could help explain why protective coatings on historical structures fail after long periods of time, leaving the material underneath exposed to the elements. Corrosion in the United States is estimated to cost the country more than $2 trillion per year. 12. What is the newly identified factor contributing to metal corrosion? A. The coatings’ acidity. B. The coatings’ components. C. The charge of raindrops. D. The impact force of raindrops. 13. How do the researchers draw their conclusion? A. By comparing different damages. B. By analyzing earlier papers. C. By interviewing other physicists. D. By weighing the water drops. 14. What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3? A. The mechanism of corrosion. B. Properties of a substance. C. Analysis of an experiment. D. The design of an experiment. 15. Why is the $2 trillion annual cost of corrosion mentioned? A. To prove the effectiveness of coatings. B. To stress the significance of the research. C. To present the difficulty of the research. D. To show the unavoidability of corrosion. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What does perfectionism mean? ____16____ Or something more problematic? A recent study by researchers at the University of Ottawa drilled down into some important differences between perfectionism and what we could call excellencism. Perfectionism means setting goals that are extremely high, working toward them nonstop, and letting those ambitions take over your mind. ____17____ When they don’t hit it, they can be really hard on themselves. Excellencism, on the other hand, is about aiming high but for things you can actually reach — with determination, but also with some flexibility. For the former, excellence is just a point on the unrealistic path toward perfection. ____18____ The University of Ottawa team found that perfectionism and excellencism are distinct concepts. ____19____ Excellencism was linked to academic improvement, future achievement, higher life satisfaction, less depression, and greater progress toward personal goals. Perfectionism, by contrast, tended to show the opposite pattern: lower achievement, lower life satisfaction, more depression, and less progress. So, what does this mean in practice? ____20____ Instead of holding yourself to impossible standards, you can set high but reachable goals and stay open to adjustment. This may support meaningful achievement and, over time, greater life satisfaction. Perfect may be the enemy of good, but excellence may be the cure for perfectionism. A. The pursuit of excellence? B. For the latter, it’s the goal. C. Do people chase perfection? D. Perfectionists can be highly self-critical. E. Aiming for excellence may be more sustainable. F. Perfectionists often set the bar high for themselves. G. Their effects on mental health and well-being also differ. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I decided to spend 30 days getting rejected on purpose. It sounded ____21____. After all, most people spend their lives ____22____ trying to avoid rejection. But my terror of being rejected was holding me back. On social occasions I often felt ____23____, focusing only on not seeming too odd to be accepted. And in my job, that same fear would make me ____24____ every chance to shine. So I promised myself I’d ____25____ hiding from rejection for one month and see what happened. Later that week, I entered a coffee shop for my first rejection challenge. I ____26____ by the door for what felt like forever before finally gathering the courage to walk to the counter. There, I ____27____ myself to say, “Could I make my own coffee please?” I fully expected the staff to laugh at me or get ____28____ for wasting their time. But there was no laughter, nor anger. After I ____29____ my self-imposed (自行设定的) “rejection challenge”, the barista (咖啡师) smiled, “Why not?” Minutes later, I was behind the ____30____, with an apron (围裙) on. Walking out with my self-made coffee, I began to ____31____ that my fear might actually be rooted in my own prejudice: the assumption that others were always ____32____ me. That month, I would approach strangers with unusual ____33____, only to meet unexpected kindness instead. Even when these were ____34____, they never laughed at me — only with me. ____35____, I’ve found, doesn’t guarantee success, but it nearly always leads to connection. 21. A. unreasonable B. modest C. complicated D. conventional 22. A. carelessly B. secretly C. unwillingly D. desperately 23. A. absent B. confident C. guilty D. cheerful 24. A. wait for B. jump at C. turn down D. capitalize on 25. A. risk B. admit C. stop D. deny 26. A. emerged B. hesitated C. whispered D. collapsed 27. A. allowed B. forced C. reminded D. expected 28. A. confused B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed 29. A. explained B. promoted C. solved D. proved 30. A. door B. counter C. curtain D. register 31. A. regret B. complain C. suspect D. anticipate 32. A. blaming B. cheating C. pushing D. judging 33. A. promises B. requests C. talents D. ambitions 34. A. declined B. selected C. appreciated D. recommended 35. A. Sympathy B. Generosity C. Courage D. Devotion 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Ricky Colomer Goenaga, 32, a designer from Spain, looked around and noticed a delivery robot following him, he wasn’t quite sure how to react. But one and a half years later, on a business trip to Beijing, he ____36____ (key) his room number into the order system and waited for the robot to carry his takeaway salad to his door. For many foreign visitors, such robots are among the first few ____37____ (surprise) they encounter in China. ____38____ (domestic), however, such robots are no longer ____39____ novelty. According to a report released in August ____40____ a Beijing-based industry research organization, the penetration rate (渗透率) of hotel service robots in China was above 30 percent in 2025 and is expected to reach 50 percent by 2030. For hotels, the appeal is simple: robots can handle routine delivery tasks throughout the day, reducing staff workload. Guests order their takeaway, after ____41____ the front desk loads the food into the robots and types in the room numbers. The robots then deliver it from the front desk to the doors. Between rushes, the machines stay ____42____ (park) at their charging stations. Autoxing Technology Co., one maker of such robots, ____43____ (found) in 2020 with ambitions to develop autonomous-driving technology for cars. But the bet proved costly, causing the company ____44____ (narrow) its focus. Two years later, it launched its hotel robots, with exports now ____45____ (account) for about 60 percent of its business, according to the company. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 英语课上老师要求围绕“The Most Important Quality for Achieving Greatness”这一话题展开小组讨论。请你代表你所在的小组写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1．你们的观点； 2．你们的理由。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Boys and girls, Good morning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you. 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every kid looked forward to having Miss Evans as their teacher. She was soft-spoken, kind and gentle. She never flew into anger nor laid a hand on any student. Instead, she seemed to have remarkable powers that enabled her to know each child’s thoughts, wants and needs. Little by little, Miss Evans helped me inch away from shyness. I started staying after school to clean the blackboard, dust off the chalk tray (槽) and sharpen her pencils. I took on any job available that would be of help to Miss Evans — and also boost my self-worth. I didn’t mind giving up recess (课间休息) on occasion for some labor of love. One job entrusted to me required producing multiple copies of worksheets. The process involved pressing a single sheet of white copy paper down onto a wet, rubbery pad. With enthusiasm, I carefully pulled each copy off the pad and admired a perfect reproduction. I went along whenever my parents attended Parent-Teacher Organization meetings. I looked forward to being present when Miss Evans delivered positive reports relating to my progress. Miss Evans’s praise filled me with pride and fueled my desire to keep pleasing her and maintain a perfect record. One day, during outdoor recess, I decided not to play with a friend from my class. The day before, while we were playing a board game at my house, she got upset when it was clear she was going to lose. Unable to accept it, she knocked all the markers off the board for me to pick up. I felt it was right to refuse to play with her. That decision led to a fight. Facing the girl’s rudeness, I shouted out, “YOU SNOB! (势利小人)” Immediately I thought, “Where did that come from? I know! I heard my sister, Theresa, use it. My tongue just slipped!” My opponent rushed back into the classroom. I heard her reporting to Miss Evans, “Annette called me a SNOB!” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My face burned with shame. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later that afternoon, Miss Evans asked me to stay after school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 秘密★启用前 高三年级过程性作业评价 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. Where does the conversation most likely take place? A. In a canteen. B. In a hotel. C. In a supermarket. 2. What is the problem with the speakers? A. They missed a train. B. They made a registration error. C. They have a scheduling conflict. 3. What does the woman question about Mary’s entry? A. Its purpose. B. Its qualification. C. Its competitiveness. 4. What does the man probably do? A. A caregiver. B. A bookseller. C. A librarian. 5. How many hours earlier will Wednesday’s practice start? A. 1 hour. B. 2 hours. C. 3 hours. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman like about her part-time job? A. Being with books. B. Flexible working hours. C. The friendly environment. 7. What does the woman plan to do? A. Quit her job. B. Adjust her schedule. C. Change her major. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the woman make the phone call? A. To rent a bike. B. To post an ad. C. To join a trip. 9. What is unavailable to new members? A. Equipment. B. Brochures. C. Refreshments. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Guide and tourist. B. Salesman and customer. C. Organize r and participant. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What prevented the honey from being sold last year? A. Its poor quality. B. The bad weather. C. The high pricing. 12. Which best describes the woman’s effort? A. Fruitful. B. Pointless. C. Misguided. 13. What will the woman probably do next month? A. Livestream peach sales. B. Train some bee farmers. C. Learn video editing. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the main purpose of the interview? A. To promote a product. B. To introduce an award. C. To share a success story. 15. What is special about Jason’s product? A. It is cheaper. B. It degrades faster. C. It wears more slowly. 16. What inspired Jason to start his project? A. His school research. B. His community service. C. His childhood experience. 17. What advice does Jason give to students? A. Aiming high. B. Starting small. C. Keeping going. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the notice mainly about? A. A special AI course. B. A new AI Experience Zone. C. An interactive summer camp. 19. What can visitors do in the museum? A. Learn sign language for free. B. Watch a live race on the computer. C. Learn to make a small AI program. 20. What is offered to groups of over 10 students? A. A 10% discount. B. Free entry. C. An AI project. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Orienteering (越野识途) and GPS Advanced Compass and Map Registration Open 22 of 25 seats remaining Instructed by: Kayla R Rosen LOCATION & SCHEDULE Meeting at: the main parking lot at the south entrance Located at: Pacific Palisades Conservation Area-South 1628-1648 Buscher Rd, Pacific, MO 63069 Start Time: Friday, March 19, 2027 10:00 a.m. End Time: Friday, March 19, 2027 3:00 p.m. Additional Information: Join at Pacific Palisades for an advanced orienteering program where you’ll have an opportunity to test your compass and map-reading skills off trail through thick woods. Prior experience with a compass is recommended. Be sure to dress for the outdoors and prepare for the weather, uneven footing, low-lying water, and thick brush. Waterproof boots and long pants are strongly recommended. Everyone planning to attend the event should register separately. Cancellation Policy: You must cancel your registration before Thursday, March 18, 2027. Age Policy: All registrants for this event must be a minimum age of 16 by March 19, 2027. * If you are having difficulty registering online, you can contact the phone registration service at 188-8283-0364. Event call center hours are Monday to Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. You are invited to our community activity. Come and join us! 1. What is the scheduled duration of the orienteering activity? A. 2 hours. B. 3 hours. C. 4 hours. D. 5 hours. 2. What are participants advised to do? A. Register online. B. Dress appropriately. C. Bring their own compass. D. Call the service center in advance. 3. Where is this text probably from? A. A weather app. B. A news report. C. A community website. D. A tourist guide. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了一项在太平洋帕利塞兹保护区举办的进阶越野识途活动，包含时间、地点、装备建议与注册要求等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据LOCATION & SCHEDULE部分中“Start Time: Friday, March 19, 2027 10:00 AM”和“End Time: Friday, March 19, 2027 3:00 PM”可知，活动从上午10点开始，下午3点结束，持续时间为5小时。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Additional Information部分中“Be sure to dress for the outdoors and prepare for the weather, uneven footing, low-lying water, and thick brush. Waterproof boots and long pants are strongly recommended. (一定要为户外穿着做好准备，应对天气、不平的路面、低洼积水和茂密灌木。强烈建议穿防水靴和长裤。)”可知，建议参与者穿着得当。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章开头“Registration Open (注册开放)”以及结尾“You are invited to our community activity. Come and join us! (邀请您参加我们的社区活动。快来加入我们！)”可知，这是一篇社区活动的通知或邀请，最可能来自社区网站。 B Lazarus Kgasi is one of the eight children in his family. When he finished high school, he knew full well what he had to do — find a job to support his family. He did clerical work. He tried his hand as an auto mechanic. Then, in 2000, he applied for a job as a fossil (化石) digger in the Cradle of Humankind, a UNESCO World Heritage site helping prove that the African continent was indeed the birthplace of humanity. For months, Kgasi didn’t know why he was digging. He had never learned about human evolution or the role that his country had played in reconstructing the story of our ancestors. He just dug. But after about two years, Kgasi began to wonder: what exactly were these things he was pulling out of the earth? So he asked the researchers he was working for. In Kgasi, the researchers noticed something familiar: the makings of a scientist. They started explaining things to him. The researchers put Kgasi in charge of the field site. He began doing initial identifications of the fossils before handing them over. He got hired by the local university, first as a fossil excavator (发掘者) and then as a manager of the other excavators. And soon, he started doing his own research, which continues to this day. Everything that Kgasi knows has been learned by doing. Perhaps due to his lack of formal training, he recognizes the power of a solid education. This is one reason he spends a lot of his time speaking to young people in the field and at the museum. “It’s so magical to bring them into the museum and they sit down,” he says. “You are telling the story of these fossils in their own language, Setswana.” This matters because English is commonly used in scientific communication worldwide. So by speaking Setswana, Kgasi is making these discoveries accessible and recognizable to young Black South Africans. For Kgasi, the students and young people he engages with are carrying on a powerful tradition. 4. Which of the following best describes Lazarus Kgasi in 2000? A. Highly educated. B. Socially privileged. C. Physically challenged. D. Economically disadvantaged. 5. What might “the makings of a scientist” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Experiences in research. B. Abilities to observe. C. Qualities to be a scientist. D. Talents for excavating. 6. Why does Kgasi use Setswana to explain fossils to local youths? A. It simplifies scientific terms. B. It helps him achieve instant fame. C. It makes science feel relevant to them. D. It bridges the divide between generations. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A scientist’s path to fossil discoveries. B. The role of local languages in education. C. The value of formal education in science. D. A fossil digger’s rise to a cultural spreader. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述Lazarus Kgasi从化石挖掘工成长，用本土语言向年轻人科普化石知识的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Lazarus Kgasi is one of the eight children in his family. When he finished high school, he knew full well what he had to do — find a job to support his family.(Lazarus Kgasi是家中八个孩子之一。高中毕业后，他非常清楚自己必须做什么——找一份工作来养家。)”可知，Kgasi家中有八个孩子，他高中毕业后就必须找工作养家，说明他在2000年时经济条件不好。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“But after about two years, Kgasi began to wonder: what exactly were these things he was pulling out of the earth? So he asked the researchers he was working for. In Kgasi, the researchers noticed something familiar(但大约两年后，Kgasi开始好奇：他从地里挖出来的这些东西究竟是什么？于是他去问自己为之工作的研究人员。在Kgasi身上，研究人员注意到了一种熟悉的东西)”以及下文“They started explaining things to him.(他们开始向他解释这些东西。)”可知，Kgasi善于观察、主动提问、渴望学习，研究人员在他身上看到了科学家的特质。因此“the makings of a scientist”指的是成为科学家所需的品质。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“You are telling the story of these fossils in their own language, Setswana.(你用他们自己的语言——塞茨瓦纳语，讲述这些化石背后的故事。)”以及最后一段中“This matters because English is commonly used in scientific communication worldwide. So by speaking Setswana, Kgasi is making these discoveries accessible and recognizable to young Black South Africans.(这很重要，因为英语在全球科学交流中被普遍使用。因此，通过说塞茨瓦纳语，Kgasi正在让这些发现对年轻的黑人南非人来说变得易于理解且具有认同感。)”可知，Kgasi用塞茨瓦纳语解释化石，是为了让当地年轻人感受到科学和自己息息相关。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Kgasi从一名化石挖掘工成长为负责遗址、管理团队并开展独立研究的科学工作者，同时他还用当地语言向年轻人传播科学知识。因此，文章主要讲述了一位化石挖掘工成长为文化传播者的故事。 C Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai’s eruption in January 2022 was among the most violent volcanic eruptions of modern times. New research reveals that the outbreak, located off Tonga in the South Pacific, was also a rather polite one, as the underwater volcano’s explosion came with a chemical reaction that removed some of its own methane emissions (甲烷排放). Scientists examined satellite images and found an unexpectedly high concentration of formaldehyde, a gas that temporarily forms when methane breaks down in the atmosphere. The finding, published in May in the journal Nature Communications, suggests that a methane cleanup process was taking place in the stratosphere (平流层) in the wake of the eruption. Though further research is necessary to truly understand the chemistry at play, this natural mechanism could inspire artificial global warming interventions. The chemical process driving the cleanup is not new. Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai shot salty ocean water into the air, ultimately releasing enough water vapor into the stratosphere to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-size swimming pools. When sunlight hit this cloud, it could have caused reactions that produced chlorine (氯), and the chlorine could have broken down the methane in a process that resulted in formaldehyde. As human-generated emissions of greenhouse gases, including methane, continue to warm the planet, the idea is that this natural cleanup process could inspire an artificial intervention to remove even more methane. But some researchers are wary of the implications. Pete Edwards, an atmospheric chemist at the University of York in England who was not involved in the study, notes that the impact of such a strategy would be difficult to predict. The volcano’s methane-removing chemistry occurred in the stratosphere, and any intervention by humans would be in the troposphere (the layer of the Earth’s atmosphere below the stratosphere). Meanwhile, atmospheric scientist Folkert Boersma adds, “We all know what to do. It’s not shooting chlorine into the stratosphere; it’s just making sure that we reduce emissions.” 8. Why is Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai’s eruption described as “polite”? A. It’s short-lived. B. It’s self-cleansing. C. It’s gentle in force. D. It’s safe for humans. 9. What led the scientists to reach their conclusion in paragraph 2? A. The increase of methane. B. The artificial intervention. C. The generation of chlorine. D. The rise in the concentration of a gas. 10. What does the author try to illustrate in paragraph 3? A. A natural cleaning method. B. A chemical reaction process. C. An environmental phenomenon. D. An unexpected scientific finding. 11. What does the underlined phrase “wary of” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Cautious about. B. Favorable to. C. Uninterested in. D. Confident of. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了汤加火山喷发引发化学反应自我清除甲烷，或可为人工干预全球变暖提供新思路。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“New research reveals that the outbreak, located off Tonga in the South Pacific, was also a rather polite one, as the underwater volcano’s explosion came with a chemical reaction that removed some of its own methane emissions (甲烷排放).(新的研究表明，位于南太平洋汤加附近的这次爆发也是一次相当“礼貌”的爆发，因为水下火山的爆发伴随着一种化学反应，这种反应消除了其自身的一些甲烷排放)”可知，这次火山喷发被称为“礼貌”是因为它具有自我清洁的能力。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Scientists examined satellite images and found an unexpectedly high concentration of formaldehyde, a gas that temporarily forms when methane breaks down in the atmosphere.(科学家检查卫星图像，发现了异常高浓度的甲醛，这种气体是甲烷在大气中分解时暂时形成的)”可知，科学家是通过观测到某种气体（甲醛）浓度的上升，推断出平流层正在发生甲烷清除过程，从而得出他们的结论。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The chemical process driving the cleanup is not new. Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai shot salty ocean water into the air, ultimately releasing enough water vapor into the stratosphere to fill more than 58,000 Olympic-size swimming pools. When sunlight hit this cloud, it could have caused reactions that produced chlorine (氯), and the chlorine could have broken down the methane in a process that resulted in formaldehyde. (推动清理的化学过程并不新鲜。洪阿哈阿帕伊岛火山将咸海水射向空中，最终向平流层释放了足以填满5.8万多个奥林匹克标准游泳池的水蒸气。当阳光照射到这片云团时，可能引发反应生成氯，而氯可以分解甲烷，在此过程中产生甲醛)”可知，作者详细拆解了火山将海水送入高空、在阳光作用下生成氯、氯分解甲烷最终产生甲醛的完整链条，清晰展示了整个化学反应的全过程。 【11题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“But some researchers are wary of the implications.(但一些研究人员对其影响是wary的)”以及第五段Pete Edwards的观点“Pete Edwards, an atmospheric chemist at the University of York in England who was not involved in the study, notes that the impact of such a strategy would be difficult to predict.(英国约克大学的大气化学家皮特·爱德华兹并未参与这项研究，他指出这种策略的影响将难以预测)”和Folkert Boersma的观点“Meanwhile, atmospheric scientist Folkert Boersma adds, “We all know what to do. It’s not shooting chlorine into the stratosphere; it’s just making sure that we reduce emissions.”(与此同时，大气科学家福克特·博尔斯马补充道：“我们都知道该怎么做。不是向平流层发射氯，而是确保我们减少排放。”)”可知，研究人员对人工干预持保留和谨慎态度。wary of意为“谨慎对待，小心”。 D Scientists have long thought raindrops contribute to the wear and tear of protective coatings, because they physically damage the coating as they slide down it and have acidic components that can chemically degrade it. Now, new research suggests there may be more to this destruction than previously thought. Water drops can become electrically charged as they slide across smooth surfaces, such as plant leaves, insect wings, building walls and window glass. When these electrified drops fall onto coated metals, they generate micro-discharges capable of breaking through protective coatings like Teflon and damaging the underlying metal, according to a study published on August 26 in the journal Nature. To investigate this, study co-author Hans-Jürgen Butt, a physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Germany, and co-workers dropped water drops onto different insulating (绝缘的) materials, including plant leaves, PVC boards and glass, and allowed the liquid to run down and fall onto Teflon-coated copper (铜). Applying only a few dozen drops resulted in no visible wear. But when the team applied 3,000 electrified drops, a powerful microscope revealed a surprising amount of damage. The water had eaten through the Teflon and left the underlying copper uneven. By contrast, dropping water directly onto the coated copper caused no corrosion (腐蚀). The researchers suggest that as the water drops slide down a surface, they acquire a tiny positive charge. When a drop approaches the coated metal, the electrical potential difference between the drop and the underlying metal can exceed 1,000 volts. Since commercial coatings on cars and ships are typically thicker than the Teflon coating used in the experiment, these charged drops pose no immediate danger to modern vehicles, Butt says. However, the process could help explain why protective coatings on historical structures fail after long periods of time, leaving the material underneath exposed to the elements. Corrosion in the United States is estimated to cost the country more than $2 trillion per year. 12. What is the newly identified factor contributing to metal corrosion? A. The coatings’ acidity. B. The coatings’ components. C. The charge of raindrops. D. The impact force of raindrops. 13. How do the researchers draw their conclusion? A. By comparing different damages. B. By analyzing earlier papers. C. By interviewing other physicists. D. By weighing the water drops. 14. What does the author mainly talk about in paragraph 3? A. The mechanism of corrosion. B. Properties of a substance. C. Analysis of an experiment. D. The design of an experiment. 15. Why is the $2 trillion annual cost of corrosion mentioned? A. To prove the effectiveness of coatings. B. To stress the significance of the research. C. To present the difficulty of the research. D. To show the unavoidability of corrosion. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了科学家发现带电雨滴会击穿保护涂层并腐蚀金属的新机制。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Water drops can become electrically charged as they slide across smooth surfaces, such as plant leaves, insect wings, building walls and window glass. When these electrified drops fall onto coated metals, they generate micro-discharges capable of breaking through protective coatings like Teflon and damaging the underlying metal, according to a study published on August 26 in the journal Nature.(水滴在光滑表面（如植物叶片、昆虫翅膀、建筑墙壁和窗玻璃）上滑过时，会带电。根据8月26日发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究，当这些带电水滴落在涂层金属上时，会产生微放电，能够击穿特氟龙等保护涂层，并损坏底层金属)”可知，新发现的导致金属腐蚀的因素是雨滴所带的电荷。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“To investigate this, study co-author Hans-Jürgen Butt, a physicist at the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Germany, and co-workers dropped water drops onto different insulating (绝缘的) materials, including plant leaves, PVC boards and glass, and allowed the liquid to run down and fall onto Teflon-coated copper (铜). Applying only a few dozen drops resulted in no visible wear. But when the team applied 3,000 electrified drops, a powerful microscope revealed a surprising amount of damage. The water had eaten through the Teflon and left the underlying copper uneven. By contrast, dropping water directly onto the coated copper caused no corrosion (腐蚀). (为了探究这一点，该研究的合著者、德国马克斯·普朗克聚合物研究所的物理学家汉斯-于尔根·布特（Hans-Jürgen Butt）及其同事将水滴在不同绝缘材料上，包括植物叶片、PVC板和玻璃，并让液体流下滴落在特氟龙涂层铜上。仅滴下几十滴水时，没有出现可见的磨损。但当研究团队滴下3000滴带电水滴后，用高倍显微镜观察发现了惊人的损坏程度——水已经蚀穿了特氟龙，使底层的铜变得凹凸不平。相比之下，将水直接滴在涂层铜上则没有引起腐蚀)”可知，研究团队分别将带电水滴和中性水滴滴落到覆有特氟龙涂层的铜片上，对比两组实验产生的不同损伤程度，最终得出研究结论。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The researchers suggest that as the water drops slide down a surface, they acquire a tiny positive charge. When a drop approaches the coated metal, the electrical potential difference between the drop and the underlying metal can exceed 1,000 volts. (研究人员认为，当水滴从表面滑落时，它们会获得微小的正电荷。当水滴接近涂层金属时，水滴与下层金属之间的电势差可能超过1000伏)”可知，本段主要解释了带电水滴如何产生电势差并引发腐蚀，即阐述了腐蚀发生的机制。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Corrosion in the United States is estimated to cost the country more than $2 trillion per year. (据估计，美国每年的腐蚀成本超过2万亿美元)”可知，文章提及这一巨额数字是为了说明腐蚀问题的严重性，从而强调研究带电雨滴腐蚀机制的重要意义。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What does perfectionism mean? ____16____ Or something more problematic? A recent study by researchers at the University of Ottawa drilled down into some important differences between perfectionism and what we could call excellencism. Perfectionism means setting goals that are extremely high, working toward them nonstop, and letting those ambitions take over your mind. ____17____ When they don’t hit it, they can be really hard on themselves. Excellencism, on the other hand, is about aiming high but for things you can actually reach — with determination, but also with some flexibility. For the former, excellence is just a point on the unrealistic path toward perfection. ____18____ The University of Ottawa team found that perfectionism and excellencism are distinct concepts. ____19____ Excellencism was linked to academic improvement, future achievement, higher life satisfaction, less depression, and greater progress toward personal goals. Perfectionism, by contrast, tended to show the opposite pattern: lower achievement, lower life satisfaction, more depression, and less progress. So, what does this mean in practice? ____20____ Instead of holding yourself to impossible standards, you can set high but reachable goals and stay open to adjustment. This may support meaningful achievement and, over time, greater life satisfaction. Perfect may be the enemy of good, but excellence may be the cure for perfectionism. A. The pursuit of excellence? B. For the latter, it’s the goal. C. Do people chase perfection? D. Perfectionists can be highly self-critical. E. Aiming for excellence may be more sustainable. F. Perfectionists often set the bar high for themselves. G. Their effects on mental health and well-being also differ. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了完美主义与卓越主义的区别，指出追求卓越比追求完美更有利于心理健康和实际成就。 【16题详解】 由上文“What does perfectionism mean? (完美主义意味着什么？)”以及下文“Or something more problematic? (还是更有问题的东西？)”可知，本空要说完美主义是否等同于追求卓越，A选项“The pursuit of excellence? (对卓越的追求？)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项以设问的方式与上文形成选择关系，且该选项中的“excellence”与下文的“excellencism”相呼应，表示区分完美主义与卓越主义的引入。 【17题详解】 由上文“Perfectionism means setting goals that are extremely high, working toward them nonstop, and letting those ambitions take over your mind. (完美主义意味着设定极高的目标，不停地朝着它们努力，让这些野心占据你的思想。)”以及下文“When they don’t hit it, they can be really hard on themselves. (当他们没有达到目标时，他们会对自己非常苛刻。)”可知，本空要说完美主义者对自己设定的要求，F选项“Perfectionists often set the bar high for themselves. (完美主义者经常为自己设定很高的标准。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“set the bar high”与上文的“setting goals that are extremely high”相呼应，且该选项中的“Perfectionists”与下文的“they”相呼应，表示完美主义者高标准严要求的特点。 【18题详解】 由上文“For the former, excellence is just a point on the unrealistic path toward perfection. (对前者来说，卓越只是通往完美的不切实际道路上的一个点。)”可知，本空要说对后者 (卓越主义者）来说卓越是什么，B选项“For the latter, it’s the goal. (对后者来说，它就是目标。)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中的“For the latter”与上文的“For the former”形成对比结构，且该选项中的“it’s the goal”表示卓越主义者以卓越本身为目标，而非将其视为通往完美的手段。 【19题详解】 由上文“The University of Ottawa team found that perfectionism and excellencism are distinct concepts. (渥太华大学团队发现完美主义和卓越主义是不同的概念。)”以及下文“Excellencism was linked to academic improvement, future achievement, higher life satisfaction, less depression, and greater progress toward personal goals. Perfectionism, by contrast, tended to show the opposite pattern: lower achievement, lower life satisfaction, more depression, and less progress. (卓越主义与学业进步、未来成就、更高的生活满意度、更少的抑郁情绪以及个人目标的更大进展相关联。相比之下，完美主义往往呈现出相反的模式：较低的成就、较低的生活满意度、更多的抑郁情绪以及更少的进展。)”可知，本空要说两者对心理健康和幸福感的影响，G选项“Their effects on mental health and well-being also differ. (它们对心理健康和幸福感的影响也不同。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“Their effects”指代上文的“perfectionism and excellencism”，且该选项中的“mental health and well-being”与下文的“life satisfaction, less depression”和“the opposite pattern”相呼应，表示下文将对比两者的具体影响。 【20题详解】 由上文“So, what does this mean in practice? (那么，这在实践中意味着什么？)”以及下文“Instead of holding yourself to impossible standards, you can set high but reachable goals and stay open to adjustment. (与其让自己坚持不可能的标准，你可以设定高但可达成的目标，并保持灵活调整。)”可知，本空要回答上文的问题，E选项“Aiming for excellence may be more sustainable. (追求卓越可能更可持续。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“Aiming for excellence”与下文的“set high but reachable goals”相呼应，且该选项中的“more sustainable”与下文的“meaningful achievement”和“greater life satisfaction”相呼应，表示卓越主义在实际操作中更具可持续性。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I decided to spend 30 days getting rejected on purpose. It sounded ____21____. After all, most people spend their lives ____22____ trying to avoid rejection. But my terror of being rejected was holding me back. On social occasions I often felt ____23____, focusing only on not seeming too odd to be accepted. And in my job, that same fear would make me ____24____ every chance to shine. So I promised myself I’d ____25____ hiding from rejection for one month and see what happened. Later that week, I entered a coffee shop for my first rejection challenge. I ____26____ by the door for what felt like forever before finally gathering the courage to walk to the counter. There, I ____27____ myself to say, “Could I make my own coffee please?” I fully expected the staff to laugh at me or get ____28____ for wasting their time. But there was no laughter, nor anger. After I ____29____ my self-imposed (自行设定的) “rejection challenge”, the barista (咖啡师) smiled, “Why not?” Minutes later, I was behind the ____30____, with an apron (围裙) on. Walking out with my self-made coffee, I began to ____31____ that my fear might actually be rooted in my own prejudice: the assumption that others were always ____32____ me. That month, I would approach strangers with unusual ____33____, only to meet unexpected kindness instead. Even when these were ____34____, they never laughed at me — only with me. ____35____, I’ve found, doesn’t guarantee success, but it nearly always leads to connection. 21. A. unreasonable B. modest C. complicated D. conventional 22. A. carelessly B. secretly C. unwillingly D. desperately 23. A. absent B. confident C. guilty D. cheerful 24. A. wait for B. jump at C. turn down D. capitalize on 25. A. risk B. admit C. stop D. deny 26. A. emerged B. hesitated C. whispered D. collapsed 27. A. allowed B. forced C. reminded D. expected 28. A. confused B. disappointed C. shocked D. annoyed 29. A. explained B. promoted C. solved D. proved 30. A. door B. counter C. curtain D. register 31. A. regret B. complain C. suspect D. anticipate 32. A. blaming B. cheating C. pushing D. judging 33. A. promises B. requests C. talents D. ambitions 34. A. declined B. selected C. appreciated D. recommended 35. A. Sympathy B. Generosity C. Courage D. Devotion 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者开展30天主动求拒挑战，最终打破社交恐惧收获全新感悟的故事。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这听起来不合理。A. unreasonable不合理的；B. modest谦虚的；C. complicated复杂的；D. conventional传统的。根据下文“After all, most people spend their lives ____ trying to avoid rejection.”可知，主动求拒的行为违背大众常规做法，是不合常理的。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：毕竟，大多数人一辈子都在拼命地试图避免被拒绝。A. carelessly粗心地；B. secretly秘密地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. desperately拼命地。根据上文“most people spend their lives”以及下文“trying to avoid rejection”可知，人们对被拒绝的排斥程度很高，拼命地避免被拒绝。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在社交场合，我常常心不在焉，只关注自己不要显得太古怪以便被接受。A. absent心不在焉的；B. confident自信的；C. guilty内疚的；D. cheerful愉快的。根据下文“focusing only on not seeming too odd to be accepted”可知，作者因为过度害怕被排斥，无法专注于当下社交，状态是心不在焉的。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在工作中，同样的恐惧会让我拒绝每一个展示自我的机会。A. wait for等待；B. jump at欣然接受；C. turn down拒绝；D. capitalize on利用。根据上文“that same fear would make me”可知，恐惧使作者拒绝机会。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：所以我向自己承诺，我要停止躲避被拒绝一个月，看看会发生什么。A. risk冒险；B. admit承认；C. stop停止；D. deny否认。根据下文“hiding from rejection for one month and see what happened”可知，作者要改掉过去逃避拒绝的习惯，决定停止躲避被拒绝。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：我在门口犹豫了仿佛永远那么久，最后才鼓起勇气走向柜台。A. emerged出现；B. hesitated犹豫；C. whispered低语；D. collapsed崩溃。根据下文“for what felt like forever before finally gathering the courage to walk to the counter”可知，作者内心十分忐忑，在店门口迟迟不敢迈步，全程处于犹豫状态。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：在那里，我强迫自己说：“请问我可以自己做咖啡吗？”A. allowed允许；B. forced强迫；C. reminded提醒；D. expected期待。根据下文“Could I make my own coffee please?”可知，作者本身极度害怕被拒绝，要说出这个反常请求，必须强迫自己说出这句话。 【28题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我完全预料到店员会嘲笑我，或者因为浪费他们的时间而恼怒。A. confused困惑的；B. disappointed失望的；C. shocked震惊的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据上文“I fully expected the staff to laugh at me or get”可知，作者预设自己的反常要求会惹恼店员。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：在我解释了我自己设定的“拒绝挑战”之后，咖啡师笑着说：“为什么不呢？”A. explained解释；B. promoted推广；C. solved解决；D. proved证明。根据下文“my self-imposed (自行设定的) “rejection challenge””可知，作者向咖啡师解释了自己的挑战。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：几分钟后，我就站在柜台后面，系着围裙。A. door门；B. counter柜台；C. curtain窗帘；D. register登记处。根据上文第二段中“walk to the counter”可知，作者到柜台点餐，现在获准自己做咖啡，站在柜台后方。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：带着自己做的咖啡走出去时，我开始怀疑，我的恐惧可能实际上源于我自己的偏见：即认为别人总是在评判我。A. regret后悔；B. complain抱怨；C. suspect怀疑；D. anticipate预料。根据下文“my fear might actually be rooted in my own prejudice”可知，作者开始反思，怀疑自己恐惧的根源。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：带着自己做的咖啡走出去时，我开始怀疑，我的恐惧可能实际上源于我自己的偏见：即认为别人总是在评判我。A. blaming责备；B. cheating欺骗；C. pushing推；D. judging评判。根据上文“the assumption that others were always”可知，作者过去害怕被拒绝，本质是预设别人总在评判自己。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：那个月，我会带着不寻常的请求接近陌生人，却只遇到意想不到的善意。A. promises承诺；B. requests请求；C. talents天赋；D. ambitions雄心。根据上文“I’d ____ hiding from rejection for one month and see what happened”及“Could I make my own coffee please?”可知，作者的挑战核心就是不断向陌生人提出容易被拒绝的特殊请求。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：即使这些请求被拒绝了，他们也从未嘲笑我——只是和我一起笑。A. declined拒绝；B. selected选择；C. appreciated欣赏；D. recommended推荐。根据下文“they never laughed at me — only with me”可知，作者的挑战目标就是体验被拒绝，这里指即便真的被对方拒绝，对方的态度也十分友善。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：我发现，勇气并不能保证成功，但它几乎总能带来人与人之间的联结。A. Sympathy同情；B. Generosity慷慨；C. Courage勇气；D. Devotion奉献。根据全文内容及第二段中“finally gathering the courage”可知，作者通过主动寻求拒绝来克服恐惧，这需要勇气。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When Ricky Colomer Goenaga, 32, a designer from Spain, looked around and noticed a delivery robot following him, he wasn’t quite sure how to react. But one and a half years later, on a business trip to Beijing, he ____36____ (key) his room number into the order system and waited for the robot to carry his takeaway salad to his door. For many foreign visitors, such robots are among the first few ____37____ (surprise) they encounter in China. ____38____ (domestic), however, such robots are no longer ____39____ novelty. According to a report released in August ____40____ a Beijing-based industry research organization, the penetration rate (渗透率) of hotel service robots in China was above 30 percent in 2025 and is expected to reach 50 percent by 2030. For hotels, the appeal is simple: robots can handle routine delivery tasks throughout the day, reducing staff workload. Guests order their takeaway, after ____41____ the front desk loads the food into the robots and types in the room numbers. The robots then deliver it from the front desk to the doors. Between rushes, the machines stay ____42____ (park) at their charging stations. Autoxing Technology Co., one maker of such robots, ____43____ (found) in 2020 with ambitions to develop autonomous-driving technology for cars. But the bet proved costly, causing the company ____44____ (narrow) its focus. Two years later, it launched its hotel robots, with exports now ____45____ (account) for about 60 percent of its business, according to the company. 【答案】36. keyed 37. surprises 38. Domestically 39. a 40. by 41. which 42. parked 43. was founded 44. to narrow 45. accounting 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍中国酒店服务机器人的应用以及相关企业的发展历程。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：但一年半后，在北京出差时，他把房间号输入点单系统，等待机器人把他的外卖沙拉送到门口。空处和waited并列作谓语，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，空处用动词key“输入”的过去式形式keyed。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：对许多外国游客来说，这类机器人是他们在中国的首批惊喜之一。surprise此处为可数名词，意为“令人惊奇的事物”，前面有“among the first few”修饰，表示“首批几个惊喜之一”，应用复数形式surprises。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，在国内，这类机器人已不再是新鲜事物。空处位于句首，修饰整个句子，应用副词Domestically，表示“在国内”，位于句首，首字母大写。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，在国内，这类机器人已不再是新鲜事物。novelty为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一件新鲜事物”，且novelty以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：根据一家总部位于北京的行业研究机构8月发布的报告，2025年中国酒店服务机器人的渗透率超过30%，预计到2030年将达到50%。空处表示“由……发布”，应用介词by引出动作的执行者。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：客人点好外卖后，前台把食物装进机器人并输入房间号。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，介词after后应用关系代词which。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在送餐高峰之间，这些机器停在充电站。stay为系动词，其后可接形容词或过去分词作表语；动词park“停(车)”与逻辑主语the machines之间是被动关系，表示“被停放在”，空处应用过去分词parked。 【43题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这类机器人制造商之一的Autoxing科技公司于2020年成立，立志研发汽车自动驾驶技术。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 2020”可知，应用一般过去时；主语Autoxing Technology Co.与found“创办，成立”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为单数，be动词用was。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但这项投入代价高昂，使得公司缩小业务范围。cause sb./sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“导致某人/某物做某事”，空处应用动词narrow“缩小”的不定式形式to narrow作宾语补足语。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据该公司称，两年后，它推出了酒店机器人，目前出口约占其业务的60%。此处是with复合结构，exports“出口”与account for“(数量或比例上)占”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词accounting作宾语补足语。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 英语课上老师要求围绕“The Most Important Quality for Achieving Greatness”这一话题展开小组讨论。请你代表你所在的小组写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1．你们的观点； 2．你们的理由。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Boys and girls, Good morning. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you. 【答案】One possible version: Boys and girls, Good morning. On behalf of my group, I’m honored to share our views. We firmly believe that perseverance is the most vital quality for great accomplishments. Success is never achieved overnight; it demands sustained effort and resilience to overcome setbacks. It is those who persist in the face of difficulties and challenges that ultimately succeed. Take Tu Youyou as an example: despite countless failures, she discovered a new drug, saving millions of lives. Therefore, let us develop perseverance and pursue our dreams with determination. Thank you. 【解析】 【导语】要求考生代表小组写一篇关于“成就伟大最重要的品质”的英文发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 观点：view → perspective 毅力：perseverance → persistence 重要的：vital → crucial 成就：accomplishment → achievement 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Success is never achieved overnight; it demands sustained effort and resilience to overcome setbacks. 拓展句：Success is never achieved overnight, which demands sustained effort and resilience that help us overcome setbacks. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We firmly believe that perseverance is the most vital quality for great accomplishments.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It is those who persist in the face of difficulties and challenges that ultimately succeed.（运用了强调句型，who引导的限制性定语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every kid looked forward to having Miss Evans as their teacher. She was soft-spoken, kind and gentle. She never flew into anger nor laid a hand on any student. Instead, she seemed to have remarkable powers that enabled her to know each child’s thoughts, wants and needs. Little by little, Miss Evans helped me inch away from shyness. I started staying after school to clean the blackboard, dust off the chalk tray (槽) and sharpen her pencils. I took on any job available that would be of help to Miss Evans — and also boost my self-worth. I didn’t mind giving up recess (课间休息) on occasion for some labor of love. One job entrusted to me required producing multiple copies of worksheets. The process involved pressing a single sheet of white copy paper down onto a wet, rubbery pad. With enthusiasm, I carefully pulled each copy off the pad and admired a perfect reproduction. I went along whenever my parents attended Parent-Teacher Organization meetings. I looked forward to being present when Miss Evans delivered positive reports relating to my progress. Miss Evans’s praise filled me with pride and fueled my desire to keep pleasing her and maintain a perfect record. One day, during outdoor recess, I decided not to play with a friend from my class. The day before, while we were playing a board game at my house, she got upset when it was clear she was going to lose. Unable to accept it, she knocked all the markers off the board for me to pick up. I felt it was right to refuse to play with her. That decision led to a fight. Facing the girl’s rudeness, I shouted out, “YOU SNOB! (势利小人)” Immediately I thought, “Where did that come from? I know! I heard my sister, Theresa, use it. My tongue just slipped!” My opponent rushed back into the classroom. I heard her reporting to Miss Evans, “Annette called me a SNOB!” 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My face burned with shame. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Later that afternoon, Miss Evans asked me to stay after school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My face burned with shame. Hot tears welled up in my eyes as I came in and stood rooted to the spot, afraid that Miss Evans would be disappointed. My heart raced, convinced I had ruined my image in her eyes. “I’m surprised Annette said that. Let me see what has happened.” Those were the exact words of my dearest teacher. With trembling lips, I poured out what had happened. Rather than criticizing me sharply, she gave me a soft, understanding look. Then, she looked at us seriously and said, “I think you owe each other an apology.” Later that afternoon, Miss Evans asked me to stay after school. She pulled out a chair and sat beside me, her tone warm and gentle. She could tell how upset I still was over the board-game incident. She comforted me for feeling wronged but warned against mean words. To my relief, she did not think less of me. Her words sank deep into my heart. I realized real strength meant staying kind, even when I had been hurt. 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了大家都很喜爱埃文斯老师，她温柔善解人意，帮作者克服羞怯。一次课间，作者因和同学争执脱口说出刻薄话语。作者羞愧万分，担心毁掉在老师心中的美好形象。埃文斯老师没有严厉批评，耐心听完事情经过，引导两人互相道歉。放学后老师单独开导作者，让作者明白真正的强大是即便受委屈，也要保持善良。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者骂人被告状后的羞愧心理，担心破坏自己在老师心中的良好形象，随后向老师说明事情原委，老师引导两人互相道歉的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写老师单独留作者开导，告知作者即便受委屈也不能说刻薄话语，要保持善良，作者深受启发。 2.续写线索：发生矛盾→口出恶言→羞愧不安→说明原委→互相道歉→接受开导→领悟真谛 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①心跳加速：race/pound ②看着：look at/stare at 情绪类 ①害怕：afraid/scared ②沮丧的：upset/frustrated 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hot tears welled up in my eyes as I came in and stood rooted to the spot, afraid that Miss Evans would be disappointed.（运用了as引导时间状语从句和that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] I realized real strength meant staying kind, even when I had been hurt.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句，动名词作宾语以及even when引导让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $