Unit 2 Bridging Cultures（人与社会·跨文化交际）武汉特色一轮创新讲义-2027届高三英语人教版选择性必修第二册

从江城到世界 ——选必二 Unit 2 Bridging Cultures（人与社会·跨文化交际） 武汉特色一轮创新讲义 第一部分 文化启航 一、讲义定位（为什么学这个单元） 【课标主题】人与社会·跨文化交际——跨文化沟通的途径、文化差异的适应与融合、国际理解与人类命运共同体。 【高考考向】阅读理解常考跨文化交际、留学经历、文化融合类记叙文与说明文；语法填空常考动词-ing形式作定语和状语、名词性从句、非谓语动词；写作常考书信（邀请信、建议信、投稿信）；读后续写常考文化碰撞中的情感变化与人际理解。 【单元知识链·人教复习串联】 · 选必二Unit 2 Bridging Cultures（本单元·留学与跨文化适应） · 必修一Unit 2 Travelling Around（旅行与文化体验） · 选必一Unit 2 Looking into the Future（科技与社会变迁中的文化适应） · 选必三Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle（跨文化视角下的生活方式比较） 【跨版本单元链】人教版选必二Unit 2、译林版选必一Unit 2 "Growing up together"、外研版选必二Unit 4 "Meeting the Muse" 共同指向"跨文化理解与人际沟通"主题群。 二、武汉国际交流巡礼（背景知识·写作素材） 注：领馆、友城、国际展会信息以武汉市政府/外办最新公开名单为准。 · 武汉大学留学生教育：位于珞珈山，留学生常年来自百余个国家和地区（近年累计涉及160余国），金秋国际文化节常有近70国学生参展，标签——学府开放、多元文化、留学之城。 · 武汉马拉松：每年春季举行，数万名国内外跑者穿越两江三镇，是武汉最具国际影响力的体育赛事，标签——国际赛事、城市名片、活力武汉。 · 武汉国际博览中心与国际会议：位于汉阳，承办国际展会、学术论坛与文化年活动，吸引全球客商与学者，标签——会展之都、国际会议、开放平台。 · 外国驻汉领事馆：法国、美国、英国、韩国等国在武汉设立领事馆，覆盖华中地区外交服务，标签——领事馆区、外交窗口、国际门户。 · 武汉国际友城：与法国波尔多、日本大分、美国匹兹堡等20余座城市结为友好城市，开展教育、文化、产业多领域交流，标签——友城网络、国际合作、双向交流。 · 湖北非遗走向世界：汉绣、楚剧、武当武术等非遗项目随文化巡演走进海外舞台，成为中国文化走出去的靓丽名片，标签——非遗出海、楚风楚韵、文化使者。 三、文化人物档案卡 （一）Xie Lei（谢蕾·课文主人公） 项目 内容 生平 来自中国，在本国大学攻读商务资格，来本校参加为期一年的交换项目。 贡献 一边攻读商科，一边寄宿英国家庭，用课余时间向英国同学教剪纸、讲春节，被导师称为“校园里的民间大使”。 核心词汇 participate in, engage in, be exposed to, have a good grasp of, act as a cultural messenger, build a bridge between 经典名言 "While I'm learning about business, I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us." （二）Gu Hongming (Ku Hung-ming)（辜鸿铭·中西文化桥梁） 项目 内容 生平 生于马来槟榔屿，协助张之洞办自强学堂（武汉大学早期前身之一），任方言/英文教习；后于北京大学任教。 贡献 用英文写成《中国人的精神》（《春秋大义》），向西方系统阐释儒教文明，是近代中西文化交流的关键人物。 核心词汇 messenger, bridge cultures, insight, perspective, facilitate mutual understanding 经典名言 “真正的文化交流，是让两种文明在对话中各自变得更加丰富。” （三）Edgar Snow（埃德加·斯诺·中美文化信使）【拓展阅读人物】 项目 内容 生平 美国记者，1930年代深入中国陕北革命根据地，写出《红星照耀中国》。 贡献 《红星照耀中国》被译为二十余种文字，打破西方对红色中国的信息封锁，推动中美民间外交。 核心词汇 messenger, envoy, insight, perspective, bridge the gap between 经典名言 “我只想把真实的中国告诉世界。” （四）Pearl S. Buck（赛珍珠·跨文化写作先驱）【拓展阅读人物】 项目 内容 生平 美国作家，自幼在镇江长大，用英文创作《大地》等描写中国农村生活的作品。 贡献 1938年获诺贝尔文学奖，是最早以跨文化视角向世界讲述中国故事的作家之一。 核心词汇 expose ... to, facilitate mutual understanding, cultural messenger, perspective 经典名言 故事没有国界，好的故事能让不同文化的人彼此理解。 （五）冯天瑜（湖北武汉本土文化学者）【武汉籍本土文化人物】 项目 内容 生平 祖籍湖北红安，1942年生，2023年逝世；1979—1994任教于湖北大学历史系，1994年后任武汉大学历史学院教授。 贡献 领衔合著《中华文化史》（近百万字），创办并主持武大中国传统文化研究中心，致力于中外文化比较研究。 核心词汇 insight, perspective, cooperate with, facilitate mutual understanding, cultural exchange 经典名言 “文化的价值在于交流，交流越深，理解越透。” 第二部分 文化探索 引言：本单元以谢蕾赴英留学的跨文化适应经历为线索，完整呈现“初识文化→适应差异→交流沟通→融合创新”的文化交流链条。下面精选最高频词汇，按文化交流流程分组，逐词按“词性释义→常考搭配→教材原句/高考经典例句→武汉语境例句→当堂训练”五层突破。 （一）核心词汇精讲（按文化交流流程分组） 【第一组 初识文化】 1. participate ★★★★★ vi. 参加；参与 【常考搭配】 · participate in (doing) sth 参加（做）某事 · participate with sb in sth 与某人一起参与某事 · participation n. 参加；participant n. 参与者 【重点】participate in 后接活动类名词（programme/festival/marathon），不直接接人；接人用 participate with sb。 【易错】participation 是不可数名词，不说 a participation；但 participant（参与者）可数。 【高考经典例句】Six months ago, 19-year-old Xie Lei went to London to participate in a year-long exchange programme. International students coming from over 100 countries actively participate in the cultural festivals held on Wuhan University campus. 来自100多个国家的留学生积极参加武汉大学举办的文化节。 【当堂训练】All the exchange students who ______ (participate) in the Wuhan Marathon praised the city warmly. Your active ______ (participate) is warmly welcome. 2. engage ★★★★★ vi. 参加；参与（活动） vt. 吸引；雇用 【常考搭配】 · engage in (doing) sth 从事；参与 · be/get engaged in sth 忙于；从事 · engage with sb 与某人建立密切关系；互动 · engage sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事 【重点】engage in ＝ take part in，强调"投入地参与"；be engaged in ＝ be busy with，强调状态。 【易错】engage 作"雇用"讲时是及物动词，engage sb as ...（聘某人为……），不接 in。 【教材原句】"Engaging in British culture has helped," she said. Many foreign students engaged in the Han embroidery workshop said that they were deeply attracted by the delicate Chinese art. 许多参加汉绣工作坊的留学生说，他们被这种精致的中国艺术深深吸引。 【当堂训练】She has the ability ______ (engage) with young minds. He is currently engaged ______ a consultant. 3. involve ★★★★★ vt. 包含；需要；使参加；涉及 【常考搭配】 · involve sb/oneself in (doing) sth 使某人参与某事 · be/get involved in 参与；被卷入；热衷于 · involve (doing) sth 需要（做）某事 【重点】involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与；be/get involved in 强调"主动卷入/热衷于"。 【易错】involve 后接动名词，不接不定式：involves answering，不说 involves to answer。 【教材原句】"As well as studying hard, I've been involved in social activities." To bridge the gap between Chinese and foreign students, the university encourages everyone to get involved in volunteer work. 为了架起中外学生之间的桥梁，学校鼓励每个人参与志愿活动。 【当堂训练】Parents should involve ______ in their children's education. The test will involve ______ (answer) questions about a photo. 4. expose ★★★★★ vt. 使接触；使体验；暴露；揭露 【常考搭配】 · expose ... to ... 使……接触/面临…… · (be) exposed to ... 接触……；受……影响 · exposure n. 接触；暴露 【重点】be exposed to 中的 to 是介词，后接名词/动名词；expose ... to ... 是主动结构。 【易错】句首作状语时用 Being exposed to（动名词被动式），不能用 Exposed to 作主语。 【高考经典例句】Young people studying in China are also exposed to diverse cultures. By studying at Wuhan University, international students are exposed to Chinese language, history and the vibrant city life of the Hankou foreign concession area. 在武汉大学学习，留学生们能够接触到汉语、历史以及汉口历史街区与昔日租界建筑群的中西交融风貌。 【当堂训练】Early ______ (expose) to a foreign language enables children to grasp better pronunciation. ______ (expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to skin. 【第二组 适应差异】 5. adapt ★★★★☆ vi.&vt. （使）适应；改编 【常考搭配】 · adapt to (doing) sth 适应（做）某事 · adapt oneself to 使自己适应 · adaptation n. 适应；改编 【重点】adapt to (doing) sth 适应；adapt oneself to 使自己适应——to 都是介词。 【易错】adapt 与 adopt（收养/采纳）拼写形近义异，高考常考辨析。 【教材原句】At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country. Foreign newcomers to Wuhan may need several months to adapt to the spicy hot pot lifestyle, but most grow to love it. 刚到武汉的外国人可能需要几个月来适应麻辣火锅的生活方式，但大多数人都会爱上它。 【当堂训练】When ______ (adapt) to a new culture, some may suffer from culture shock. The adaptation ______ the new environment was smoother than expected. 6. comfort ★★★★☆ n. 安慰；舒适 vt. 安慰 【常考搭配】 · comfort zone 舒适区 · comfort sb 安慰某人 · comfortable adj. 舒适的；uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的 【重点】comfort zone 舒适区（高考高频短语）；step out of one's comfort zone 走出舒适区。 【易错】comfort 作动词是"安慰"，不是"使舒适"；uncomfortable 才是"不舒服的"。 【教材原句】"When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family," Xie Lei said. Volunteers from Wuhan showed foreign newcomers around the city, helping them feel at home and step out of their comfort zones. 武汉的志愿者带领外国新来者游览城市，帮助他们感到自在并走出舒适区。 【当堂训练】When I felt ______ (comfortable), the local students would comfort me gently. We want to live ______ comfort in a foreign city. 7. mature ★★★☆☆ adj. 成熟的 vi. 成熟 【常考搭配】 · a mature attitude 成熟的态度 · mature quickly 快速成熟 · maturity n. 成熟 【重点】mature 可作形容词也可作动词；比较级 mature→more mature（多音节词加 more）。 【易错】maturity（名词）拼写注意：去掉 e 加 -ity，不是 matureity。 【高考经典例句】Living abroad helps young people become more independent and mature. The experience of studying at Wuhan University has turned many shy exchange students into mature, confident young global citizens. 在武汉大学学习的经历把许多腼腆的交换生变成了成熟自信的年轻世界公民。 【当堂训练】After a year abroad, she became far ______ (mature) than before. His ______ (mature) surprised everyone. 8. overwhelming ★★★☆☆ adj. 无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的 【常考搭配】 · an overwhelming majority 压倒性多数 · overwhelmed by/with ... 被……压倒 【重点】overwhelmed 修饰人（被压倒的），overwhelming 修饰事物（压倒性的）——高考分词形容词辨析高频。 【易错】an overwhelming majority 压倒性多数，是写作高频搭配，不要写 an overdone majority。 【高考经典例句】At first, the culture shock felt overwhelming to Xie Lei. The number of international runners joining the Wuhan Marathon was so overwhelming that the whole city turned into a global celebration. 参加武汉马拉松的国际跑者数量如此之多，整座城市变成了一场全球庆典。 【当堂训练】She was ______ (overwhelm) by loneliness when she first arrived. The ______ (overwhelm) majority voted in favour of the proposal. 【第三组 交流沟通】 9. grasp ★★★★★ vt. 理解；领会；抓住 n. 理解；掌握 【常考搭配】 · have a good grasp of 完全掌握；精通 · grasp the chance/opportunity to do 抓住机会做某事 · grasp sb by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊 【重点】have a good grasp of 精通/掌握（＝have a good command of）；grasp the opportunity 抓住机会。 【易错】suggest that 从句用虚拟语气 (should) do：suggest you (should) grasp，不说 suggests grasping。 【高考经典例句】She had to learn how to ask for things whose English names she didn't know, gradually grasping the local way of life. International students who have a good grasp of Chinese find it much easier to communicate with local Wuhan residents. 熟练掌握汉语的留学生发现与武汉本地人交流容易得多。 【当堂训练】My suggestion is that you ______ (grasp) the chance to show your ideas. She has a good grasp ______ English thanks to her mother. 10. behave ★★★★☆ vi.&vt. 表现；守规矩 【常考搭配】 · behave oneself/well 守规矩；表现得体 · behave well/badly towards sb 对某人好/差 · behaviour n. 行为；举止 【重点】behave oneself 守规矩（oneself 必须与主语一致）；behaviour 是名词行为。 【易错】behave 是不及物动词，不说 behave sth；要说 behave well/towards sb。 【教材原句】Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. When attending a Wuhan family dinner, foreign guests should learn how to behave themselves at the table, such as not sticking chopsticks upright in the rice. 参加武汉家庭晚宴时，外国客人应学习如何在餐桌上举止得体，比如不要把筷子直插在米饭里。 【当堂训练】Tougher rules may help citizens ______ (behave) in public. Confused by our ______ (behave), she asked why we made such loud noises. 11. perspective ★★★★☆ n. 角度；视角；观点 【常考搭配】 · from a ... perspective 从……角度 · from different perspectives 从不同角度 · perspective on sth 对某事的看法 【重点】from a ... perspective 从……角度（＝from a ... angle）；介词用 from 不用 in。 【易错】perspective 与 prospective（未来的/预期的）形近义异，高考常考。 【高考经典例句】Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and gives us more insight into our own culture. Working with colleagues from the Wuhan consulate district, one gains a global perspective that no textbook can offer. 在武汉领事馆区与各国同事共事，能获得任何教科书都无法给予的全球视野。 【当堂训练】Try looking at the affair from a different ______ (perspective). Travel helps you see life ______ a new perspective. 12. insight ★★★★☆ n. 洞察力；深刻见解 【常考搭配】 · have/gain an insight into 洞察；深刻理解 · provide insight into sth 揭示某事 【重点】have/gain an insight into 深刻理解（into 是固定介词，不用 of）。 【易错】insightful（形容词，富有洞察力的）修饰 observations/analysis，不是 insight。 【高考经典例句】Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds gives us more insight into our own culture. The Wuhan International Festival, held at the Expo Centre, offers visitors a fascinating insight into how different cultures think and live. 在国际博览中心举办的武汉国际节，让参观者得以深入了解不同文化的人们如何思考和生活。 【当堂训练】The research gives us a deep insight ______ how people from different cultures communicate. Her ______ (insight) observations impressed the professor. 【第四组 融合创新】 13. cooperate ★★★★★ vi. 合作；配合 【常考搭配】 · cooperate with sb 与某人合作 · cooperate in (doing) sth 在某事上合作 · cooperation n. 合作 【重点】cooperate with sb 与某人合作；cooperate in (doing) sth 在某方面合作。 【易错】动名词作主语时 Cooperating 句首大写；cooperation 不可数，不说 a cooperation。 【高考经典例句】Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles. Wuhan and Bordeaux, their oldest sister city, have been cooperating in higher education for decades, sending exchange students both ways. 武汉与最老的友城波尔多在高等教育领域合作数十年，互派交换生。 【当堂训练】 ______ (cooperate) with people from diverse backgrounds broadens our horizons. There is a need for close ______ (cooperate) between the two cities. 14. qualify ★★★★☆ vi.&vt. 具备资格；（使）合格 【常考搭配】 · qualify for sth 具备……资格 · qualify as sth 取得……资格 · qualification n. 资格；qualified adj. 有资格的 【重点】qualify for sth 具备资格；qualify as sth 取得……职业资格；be qualified for 有资格。 【易错】qualification（资格证明）可数，qualified（有资格的）是形容词，二者词性不可混。 【高考经典例句】After a year's exchange, she qualified for the advanced business course offered by the London school. Students who have passed the HSK exam qualify for the scholarship offered by Wuhan University for international students. 通过汉语水平考试的学生有资格申请武汉大学为留学生提供的奖学金。 【当堂训练】She has the ______ (qualify) for teaching English and is ______ (qualify) for the position. This course qualifies you ______ a tourist guide. 15. ambition ★★★★☆ n. 雄心；抱负；追求 【常考搭配】 · ambition to do sth 做某事的抱负 · achieve/realize one's ambition 实现抱负 · ambitious adj. 有雄心的 【重点】ambition to do sth 做某事的抱负；be ambitious for sth 对……有雄心。 【易错】ambitious 既可褒义（有抱负的）也可贬义（野心勃勃的），视语境判断。 【教材原句】"My ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation," she explained. The young exchange students from Bordeaux shared their ambition to work for the Wuhan-Bordeaux trade office one day. 来自波尔多的年轻交换生们分享了他们将来在武汉—波尔多贸易办事处工作的抱负。 【当堂训练】The young man with great ______ (ambition) had an ambitious plan. She was ambitious ______ her career. 16. motivate ★★★★☆ vt. 激发；激励；成为……的动机 【常考搭配】 · motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 · be motivated by 受……驱动 · motivation n. 动力；motivated adj. 积极的 【重点】motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事（to 是不定式符号）；be motivated by 受……驱动。 【易错】motivation 是名词（动力），motivate 是动词——填空时先判断空格在句中作什么成分。 【高考经典例句】What motivated Xie Lei was not just a degree, but a genuine desire to build cultural bridges. Watching the Wuhan Marathon, foreign visitors are motivated to learn Chinese and explore more about this dynamic city. 观看武汉马拉松后，外国游客被激励着学习汉语，进一步探索这座充满活力的城市。 【当堂训练】The stronger the ______ (motivate) for learning a language is, the faster the progress. Good teachers ______ (motivate) students to reach their full potential. （二）词形变化表（高频派生词） 词根 形容词 名词 其他 qualify qualified 有资格的 qualification 资格 — ambition ambitious 有雄心的 ambition 雄心 — adapt adaptable 可适应的 adaptation 适应 — comfort comfortable 舒适的；uncomfortable 不舒服的 comfort 安慰；舒适 — participate — participation 参加；participant 参与者 — engage engaged 忙于的 engagement 订婚；参与 — involve involved 参与的 involvement 参与 — motivate motivated 积极的 motivation 动力 — expose exposed 接触的 exposure 接触；暴露 — cooperate — cooperation 合作 — optimism (词根optim) optimistic 乐观的 optimism 乐观主义 optimistically adv. competence competent 有能力的 competence 能力 — （三）重点语块（36个·源于课本） 1. participate in 参加；参与 2. speak up 大声点说；明确表态 3. feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束 4. engage in (使)从事；参与 5. get involved in 参与；卷入 6. cost an arm and a leg 花一大笔钱【拓展】 7. side with 支持；站在……一边【拓展】 8. as far as I know 据我所知 9. as far as I am concerned 就我而言 10. in summary 总的来说；总之 11. generally speaking 一般来说 12. a year-long exchange programme 为期一年的交流项目 13. adapt to life in a different country 适应异国生活 14. be familiar with 熟悉…… 15. in order to 为了…… 16. live with a host family 和寄宿家庭一起生活 17. cooperate with people from diverse cultural backgrounds 与不同文化背景的人合作 18. act as a cultural messenger 充当文化信使 19. (be) exposed to ... 暴露于/接触…… 20. have a good grasp of 对……理解得好 21. behave oneself/well 守规矩；表现得体 22. facilitate mutual understanding 促进相互理解 23. suffer from culture shock 遭受文化冲击 24. build a bridge between ... 在……之间架起桥梁 25. leave the rest exposed 其余部分暴露在外 26. when learning how to behave 学习如何举止得体时 27. studying abroad 留学 28. studying in China 在华留学 29. a dramatic increase 急剧增长 30. in the past few decades 在过去几十年里 31. turn to sb for help 向某人求助 32. form a wise opinion of one's own 形成自己的明智见解 33. share Chinese culture with sb 与某人分享中国文化 34. be fascinated by 被……迷住 35. broaden one's horizons 开阔某人的眼界 36. promote people-to-people ties 增强民间友好 （四）重点句型（仿写提升） 句式：It is/was the first time that ...（第几次做某事） 教材原句：It was the first time that she had left China. 仿写：It was the first time that the exchange student from Bordeaux had experienced the spicy Wuhan hot pot, and he loved it immediately. 这是这位来自波尔多的交换生第一次体验武汉麻辣火锅，他立刻就爱上了它。 【仿写】It was the first time that the twins ______ (prepare) a breakfast for their mother. It is the first time that I ______ (visit) the Hubei Museum. 句式：特殊疑问词 + 不定式（what/how/where to do） 教材原句：I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn't know the English names for. 仿写：When the foreign visitor got lost in Optics Valley, he didn't know which bus to take and whom to turn to for help. 当这位外国游客在光谷迷路时，他不知道该坐哪路公交，也不知道该向谁求助。 【仿写】She hesitated, not knowing how ______ (break) the terrible news. We must decide what ______ (do) next by tomorrow. 句式：时间状语从句的省略（when/while + doing） 教材原句：Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. 仿写：When adapting to life in Wuhan, foreign students may feel homesick at first, especially during the cherry blossom season when everything reminds them of home. 当适应武汉生活时，留学生起初可能会想家，尤其在樱花盛开的季节，一切都让他们想起家乡。 【仿写】Children, when ______ (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter. When ______ (walk) along the Yangtze River, you can enjoy the beautiful night view. 句式：V-ing 作定语（building a bridge / studying in China） 教材原句："While I'm learning about business, I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us." 仿写：The Wuhan International Marathon, attracting runners from over 30 countries, has become a grand event celebrating friendship and health. 吸引了30多个国家跑者参加的武汉国际马拉松，已成为庆祝友谊与健康的盛事。 【仿写】The young man ______ (study) at Wuhan University comes from France. The students ______ (participate) in the exchange programme will visit the Hubei Museum this weekend. 句式：V-ing 作状语（leaving the rest exposed / acting as ...） 高考经典句型（2022全国乙卷）：They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed. 仿写：Cooperating closely with sister cities around the world, Wuhan has grown into a truly international metropolis, bridging cultures in every field. 通过与全球友城密切合作，武汉已成长为一座真正的国际大都市，在各个领域架起文化桥梁。 【仿写】 ______ (spend) a year in London, she returned with a broader perspective. The storm left, ______ (cause) a lot of damage to this area. （五）重点语法——动词-ing形式作定语和状语（V-ing as Attributive and Adverbial·本单元官方语法项目） 说明：本单元重点梳理动词-ing形式作定语、状语，并兼顾作主语/宾语/补语。教材中 building a bridge、studying in China、when learning how to behave、leaving the rest exposed 均为此语法点的典型范例。掌握该语法点直接服务于应用文写作与读后续写。 1. V-ing 作定语 · 单个V-ing前置：the rising sun（正在升起的太阳）；boiling water（正在沸腾的水）。 · V-ing短语后置：the young man studying in Wuhan University = the young man who is studying in Wuhan University（在武大学习的年轻人）。 · 教材原句："While I'm learning about business, I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us." · 等价改写：the people studying abroad = the people who are studying abroad（留学的人们）。 2. V-ing 作状语 · 时间状语：When learning how to behave in new surroundings, some may struggle.（=When they learn...） · 原因状语：Being exposed to diverse cultures, we broaden our horizons.（=Because we are exposed...） · 伴随/结果状语：He smiled, exposing a set of white teeth. / The storm left, causing a lot of damage. · 高考真题：They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies exposed.（2022全国乙卷·结果状语） 3. 易错点对比 · 对比组1：现在分词 vs 过去分词作定语 the developing country（发展中国家·主动进行） vs the developed country（发达国家·被动完成）；the changing world（变化中的世界） vs the changed world（已改变的世界）。 · 对比组2：V-ing作状语 vs 谓语动词 误：Entering the classroom, the door was broken.（悬垂分词，enter的逻辑主语不能是door） 正：Entering the classroom, I found the door broken.（enter的逻辑主语与句子主语I一致） · 对比组3：V-ing的否定形式 Not knowing the English names, she had to point at things.（not 必须置于V-ing之前，不能写为 Knowing not...） 4. 与写作联动 · 应用文开头：Learning that you are interested in Chinese culture, I am writing to invite you to...（V-ing原因状语） · 介绍活动：The event, focusing on bridging cultures, will feature a Han embroidery show given by a master.（V-ing定语） · 表达感受：Tasting Wuhan's hot dry noodles while watching a Chu opera, you will feel at home.（V-ing时间状语） 第三部分 文化体验（默写检测） A组 基础体验 （一）核心词块默写（根据中文写英文） 1. 参加；参与 ____________ 2. 大声点说；明确表态 ____________ 3. 舒服自在；不拘束 ____________ 4. (使)从事；参与 ____________ 5. 参与；卷入；与……有关联 ____________ 6. (使)花一大笔钱 ____________ 7. 支持；站在……的一边 ____________ 8. 据我所知 ____________ 9. 就我而言；依我看来 ____________ 10. 总的来说；总之 ____________ 11. 一般来说 ____________ 12. 为期一年的交流项目 ____________ 13. 适应在不同国家的生活 ____________ 14. 熟悉…… ____________ 15. 为了…… ____________ 16. 和寄宿家庭一起生活 ____________ 17. 与来自不同文化背景的人合作 ____________ 18. 充当文化信使 ____________ 19. 暴露于/接触…… ____________ 20. 对……理解得好 ____________ 21. 守规矩；表现得体 ____________ 22. 促进相互理解 ____________ 23. 遭受文化冲击 ____________ 24. 在……之间架起桥梁 ____________ （二）派生词默写（用括号内词的正确形式填空） 1. The young man who has great ______ (ambitious) has made an ______ (ambition) plan to build cultural bridges between Wuhan and Bordeaux. 2. After months of ______ (adapt) to the new culture, she finally became a ______ (maturity) exchange student who could behave herself well at dinner tables. 3. The ______ (participate) in the Wuhan International Festival, which was held at the Expo Centre, came from over 100 countries, and their active ______ (participate) made the event a great success. 4. Early ______ (expose) to Chinese culture enabled the foreign students, who were ______ (expose) to Han embroidery workshops, to gain a deep insight into Hubei traditions. 5. She has the necessary ______ (qualify) for the scholarship, and we all agree that she is the most ______ (qualify) candidate from France. 6. ______ (cooperate) closely with sister cities around the world, Wuhan has strengthened international ______ (cooperate) in education, culture and trade. 7. Although he used to feel homesick, he has now become an ______ (optimistic) person; ______ (optimistic) will guide him through any challenge. 8. The professor was ______ (impress) by the student's insightful analysis, which showed a high level of ______ (competent) in cross-cultural communication. 9. The ______ (motivate) for learning Chinese, which was strengthened by a visit to the Hubei Museum, made the student far more ______ (motivate) than before. 10. When ______ (engage) in the cultural exchange programme, she found that ______ (engage) with local residents broadened her horizons greatly. 11. The government, which has recognized the ______ (significant) of cross-cultural understanding, has taken ______ (significance) measures to promote international friendship. 12. The ______ (culture) shock, which overwhelmed many newcomers at first, gradually faded as they became more familiar with Wuhan life. 13. He spoke English so fluently that no one would have guessed that he was only a ______ (new) to the city. 14. The ______ (warm) welcome that the local students gave made the exchange visitors feel at home immediately. 15. As far as I am concerned, ______ (participate) in volunteer work is one of the best ways to bridge the gap between different cultures. （三）短语填空（从方框中选择合适的短语，用正确形式填空） 方框：participate in engage in get involved in feel at home as far as I am concerned in summary 1. When the French exchange student, who had just stepped off the train from Paris, first arrived at Wuhan University, she did not ______ ______ ______ surrounded by so many new faces speaking unfamiliar dialects, but the warm volunteers in red T-shirts soon made her feel at home. 2. Many international students ______ ______ the Han embroidery workshops, which are held every weekend in the Hubei Museum, and some even master the basic skills. 3. ______ ______ ______ ______ ______, which has been proven by decades of sister-city cooperation between Wuhan and Bordeaux, cultural exchange is not only about learning a language but also about building lifelong friendships that span continents. 4. The students who ______ ______ the Wuhan Marathon came from over 30 countries, and they all praised the enthusiastic local spectators. 5. ______ ______, as the director of the International Office pointed out at the closing ceremony, the year-long exchange programme has transformed shy newcomers into confident young global citizens who can cooperate seamlessly with people from vastly different cultural backgrounds. 6. To bridge the gap between Chinese and foreign students, the university encourages everyone to ______ ______ volunteer activities that serve the local community. （四）单句语法填空（高考长难句·含V-ing作定语/状语考点） 1. ______ (learn) that you are curious about Chinese culture, I would like to take you to the Chinese Culture Week ______ (hold) in our school next Friday. 2. The young man ______ (study) at Wuhan University, who comes from Bordeaux, has ______ (participate) in over ten cultural exchange programmes since he arrived. 3. When ______ (ask) about his experience in Wuhan, the exchange student said that the spicy hot pot, ______ (taste) with friends, was the most unforgettable memory. 4. With international students ______ (expose) to diverse cultures from over 100 countries walking the cherry-blossom-lined avenues of Wuhan University every spring, Wuhan has grown into a truly international metropolis, ______ (bridge) cultures in education, trade and the arts. 5. The Wuhan Marathon, ______ (attract) runners from 20 friendly cities worldwide, leaves the spectators ______ (expose) to the enthusiasm of international friendship. 6. Not ______ (know) which bus to take in a city where every sign was written in Chinese characters he could not read, the foreign visitor turned to a volunteer, ______ (offer) to walk him all the way to the station despite the heavy rain. 7. It was the first time that the twins ______ (prepare) a traditional Chinese meal for their French host family, and they felt both excited and nervous. 8. ______ (spend) a whole year adapting to the new culture, she returned with a broader perspective, ______ (act) as a cultural messenger between China and France. 9. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles, thus ______ (give) us more insight into our own culture. 10. The students, ______ (involve) in the exchange programme, will visit the Hubei Museum next weekend, ______ (learn) more about Chu culture. （五）完成句子 1. 这是她第一次离开中国。（It was the first time that ...） It ______ the first time that she ______ ______ China. 2. 在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力。（状语从句省略） Some may struggle when ______ how ______ ______ in new surroundings. 3. 谢蕾充当文化使者，在中外文化之间架起桥梁。（V-ing作定语） Xie Lei is acting as a cultural messenger ______ a bridge between Chinese and foreign cultures. B组 进阶体验 （一）熟词生义（写出黑体词在句中的含义） 1. Her father engaged a tutor to improve her Chinese before she came to Wuhan. ____________ 2. The researcher cited Wuhan's rapid international growth as a prime example of cultural exchange. ____________ 3. Initially, we did not fully grasp the significance of building sister-city relationships. ____________ 4. The hotel near the Wuhan Marathon route was reasonable in price, so many foreign runners chose to stay there. ____________ 5. Try looking at cross-cultural communication from a different angle, and you may find surprising solutions. ____________ （二）词根构词（写出黑体词在句中的含义） 1. The participation of international students in the Wuhan Spring Festival Gala was warmly welcomed by local residents. ____________ 2. Her qualification in cross-cultural communication made her the ideal candidate for the internship at the French consulate. ____________ 3. The adaptation of the French novel into a Chinese play was performed at the Wuhan International Theatre Festival. ____________ 4. The professor's presentation on Sino-French cultural exchange attracted scholars from both countries. ____________ 5. His involvement in the volunteer programme for the Wuhan Marathon was deeply appreciated by the organizing committee. ____________ （三）完成句子（含V-ing作定语/状语） 1. 越来越多的年轻人选择参加国际交流项目，不论他们来自什么文化背景。（engage in） More and more young people choose ______ ______ international exchange programmes, regardless of their cultural backgrounds. 2. 我们与她在一起很自在，而她渊博的知识令我们叹服。（feel at home） We ______ ______ ______ with her and were impressed with the depth of her knowledge. 3. 我们想让留学生们受到尽可能多的楚文化熏陶。（expose） We want to ______ the international students ______ as much Chu culture as possible. 4. 正在武汉大学学习的交换生来自20多个国家。（V-ing作定语） The exchange students ______ (study) Chinese at Wuhan University come from over 20 countries. 5. 带着极大的热情，大多数留学生都参加了这次文化节。（V-ing作状语） ______ ______ great passion, most of the international students ______ ______ ______ the cultural festival. 6. 对很多人来说，这是他们第一次感受到跨文化交流的魅力。（It was the first time that ...） For many, it ______ the first time that they ______ ______ the charm of cross-cultural communication. （四）一句多译（每版本留1行空白答题区） 1. ① 据我所知，武汉与波尔多已结为友城数十年。（as far as I know） ____________________________________________________________________________ ② （用 as far as I am concerned 改写） ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. ① 充当文化信使的留学生们正在中外之间架起桥梁。（V-ing作定语） ____________________________________________________________________________ ② （用定语从句 who act as ... 改写） ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. ① 因为接触了不同的文化，我们开阔了眼界。（V-ing原因状语） ____________________________________________________________________________ ② （用原因状语从句 Because we are exposed to ... 改写） ____________________________________________________________________________ 4. ① 在学习如何适应新环境时，有些人会感到孤独。（状语从句省略） ____________________________________________________________________________ ② （用时间状语从句 When they learn how to ... 改写） ____________________________________________________________________________ 5. ① 总的来说，跨文化交流让我们从不同的角度看待世界。（in summary） ____________________________________________________________________________ ② （用 generally speaking 改写） ____________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 文化传播（写作板块） （一）应用文写作 【题目】假定你是李华，你校将举办“中国文化周”活动。请给你的法国友城交换生Pierre写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1. 活动内容（汉绣展、武汉马拉松图片展、楚剧表演）；2. 你的角色；3. 期待回复。词数100左右。 审题要点 收信人是波尔多来的交换生Pierre，跟你一起上过中文课，私交不错，开头不用太正式。 要点：①“中国文化周”下周五开幕；②汉绣展、汉马图片展、楚剧表演三个亮点；③你做志愿引导，可以给他当向导。 语气热情自然，不推销不说教。 写作思路 开头用V-ing作原因状语（Hearing/Learning that...），直接说明写信原因。 主体用V-ing后置定语（focusing on... / given by... / attracting...）串联活动亮点。 用V-ing伴随状语（Acting as a volunteer...）说明你的角色。 结尾用V-ing时间状语（Tasting... while watching...）营造画面感，发出邀请。 句子升级 原句1：I know you like Chinese culture. I write to invite you. 升级：Learning that you are curious about Chinese culture, I would like to take you to the Chinese Culture Week. V-ing作原因状语，合并两个简单句。 原句2：The event will feature a Han embroidery show. The show is given by a Hubei master. 升级：The event will feature a Han embroidery show given by a Hubei master and a photo exhibition attracting visitors from 20 sister cities. 过去分词given和现在分词attracting作后置定语。 原句3：You can taste hot dry noodles. You can watch a Chu opera. You will feel at home. 升级：Tasting Wuhan's hot dry noodles while watching a Chu opera performance, you will surely feel at home. V-ing作时间状语，把三个简单句压缩为一个句子。 参考范文 Dear Pierre, Learning that you are curious about Chinese culture, I would like to take you to the Chinese Culture Week to be held in our school next Friday. The event, focusing on bridging cultures between Wuhan and its sister cities, will feature a Han embroidery show given by a Hubei master and a Wuhan Marathon photo exhibition attracting visitors from 20 friendly cities. Acting as a volunteer guide, I will introduce the exhibits to exchange students coming from over 100 countries. Tasting Wuhan's hot dry noodles while watching a Chu opera performance, you will surely feel at home. I would be delighted if you could join us. Yours, Li Hua 框架仿写 【新话题】假如你是李华，你校将举办“武汉马拉松志愿者招募”活动，请给你校的外国交换生Alex写一封邮件，邀请他报名参加。词数100左右。 【框架提示】 开头用V-ing作原因状语说明写信原因。 主体第一句用V-ing作后置定语介绍志愿者工作内容。 主体第二句用V-ing作伴随状语开头。 结尾用V-ing作时间状语收尾，发出邀请。 你的仿写： ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ （二）读后续写微技能——完成句子训练 主题：国际交流活动 / 校园文化节 / 跨文化家庭聚餐 （一）动作描写语块 · extend a warm handshake across the table 隔着桌子伸出热情的手（国际交流） · unfold a Han embroidery scroll 展开一幅汉绣卷轴（文化节） · hand a cup of green tea to the guest 给客人递上一杯绿茶（家庭） · bow slightly to show gratitude 微微鞠躬表示感谢（国际交流） · clap along to the Chu opera rhythm 跟着楚剧节奏拍手（文化节） · share a plate of hot dry noodles with a laugh 笑着分享一碗热干面（家庭） （二）情感描写语块 · a surge of homesickness 一阵乡愁（国际交流） · feel a sense of belonging 有归属感（校园） · eyes lighting up at the sight of the scroll 看到卷轴时双眼一亮（文化节） · heart warming with gratitude 心因感激而温暖（家庭） · be overwhelmed by the warm welcome 被热烈的欢迎所打动（国际交流） · wear a look of relief 露出释然的神情（校园） （三）环境描写语块 · the cherry blossoms falling along the East Lake 东湖边飘落的樱花（国际交流） · the hall buzzing with multilingual conversations 大厅里回荡着多语言交谈声（文化节） · the steam rising from the hot pot 火锅升腾的热气（家庭） · the stage lit up with Chu opera costumes 舞台上楚剧服饰流光溢彩（文化节） · the Yangtze breeze carrying the scent of osmanthus 带着桂花香的江风（国际交流） · the warm lamp over the dinner table 餐桌上温暖的灯光（家庭） （四）完成句子训练（用指定语块/句型完成句子） 1.（a surge of homesickness）刚到武汉的第一周，一阵乡愁涌上这位法国交换生的心头。 A surge of homesickness ______ (rise) in the French exchange student's heart during his first week in Wuhan. 2.（feel a sense of belonging）参加了几次汉绣工作坊后，留学生们开始有了归属感。 After attending several Han embroidery workshops, the international students began to ______ ______ ______ ______. 3.（the steam rising from the hot pot）火锅升腾的热气中，这桌不同国籍的年轻人聊得热火朝天。 ______ the steam ______ (rise) from the hot pot, the young people of different nationalities chatted warmly around the table. 4.（with复合结构）大厅里回荡着多语言的交谈声，文化节的气氛达到了高潮。 ______ the hall ______ (buzz) with multilingual conversations, the atmosphere of the cultural festival reached its peak. 5.（金句）正如赛珍珠所说，故事没有国界，好的故事能让不同文化的人彼此理解。 As Pearl S. Buck put it, stories ______ ______ boundaries, and a good story helps people of different cultures ______ ______. 第五部分 文化札记（答案与解析） 核心词汇当堂训练参考答案 1. participate 【答案】participated; participation 【解析】定语从句过去时participated；your后接名词participation。 2. engage 【答案】to engage; as 【解析】have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事，不定式作定语；be engaged as 受雇为……。 3. involve 【答案】themselves; answering 【解析】involve oneself in 使自己参与；involve doing sth 需要做某事，动名词作宾语。 4. expose 【答案】exposure; Being exposed 【解析】形容词Early后接名词exposure；动名词作主语，be exposed to 接触……，句首大写Being。 5. adapt 【答案】adapting; to 【解析】when adapting to ... 状语从句省略，主语与adapt为主动关系；adaptation to 对……的适应，固定介词to。 6. comfort 【答案】uncomfortable; in 【解析】由comfort me gently可知是"不舒服的"uncomfortable；live in comfort 舒适地生活。 7. mature 【答案】more mature; maturity 【解析】由than可知用比较级more mature；his后接名词maturity。 8. overwhelming 【答案】overwhelmed; overwhelming 【解析】be overwhelmed by 被……压倒；形容词overwhelming修饰majority，意为"压倒性的"。 9. grasp 【答案】(should) grasp; of 【解析】suggest that sb (should) do sth 虚拟语气；have a good grasp of 精通，固定搭配。 10. behave 【答案】behave themselves; behaviour 【解析】help sb (to) do sth；物主代词our后接名词behaviour。 11. perspective 【答案】perspective; from 【解析】a different perspective 不同角度；from a ... perspective 从……角度，固定介词from。 12. insight 【答案】into; insightful 【解析】give an insight into 洞察；形容词insightful修饰observations，意为"深刻的"。 13. cooperate 【答案】Cooperating; cooperation 【解析】动名词作主语，句首大写；close cooperation 密切合作，名词。 14. qualify 【答案】qualification; qualified; as 【解析】the后接名词qualification；be qualified for 有资格；qualify as 取得……资格。 15. ambition 【答案】ambition; for 【解析】great后接名词ambition；be ambitious for 对……有雄心。 16. motivate 【答案】motivation; motivate 【解析】the + 名词 + for结构，motivation动力；主语teachers为复数，一般现在时用动词原形motivate。 A组 基础体验 （一）核心词块默写 1. participate in 2. speak up 3. feel at home 4. engage in 5. get involved in 6. cost an arm and a leg 7. side with 8. as far as I know 9. as far as I am concerned 10. in summary 11. generally speaking 12. a year-long exchange programme 13. adapt to life in a different country 14. be familiar with 15. in order to 16. live with a host family 17. cooperate with people from diverse cultural backgrounds 18. act as a cultural messenger 19. (be) exposed to ... 20. have a good grasp of 21. behave oneself/well 22. facilitate mutual understanding 23. suffer from culture shock 24. build a bridge between ... （二）派生词默写 1.【答案】ambition; ambitious 【解析】great后接名词ambition；形容词ambitious修饰plan。 2.【答案】adaptation; mature 【解析】months of后接名词adaptation；形容词mature修饰student。 3.【答案】participants; participation 【解析】the后接名词复数participants；形容词性物主代词后接名词participation。 4.【答案】exposure; exposed 【解析】Early后接名词exposure；be exposed to 接触，过去分词作表语。 5.【答案】qualification; qualified 【解析】the后接名词qualification；be qualified for 有资格。 6.【答案】Cooperating; cooperation 【解析】动名词作主语Cooperating；形容词性物主代词后接名词cooperation。 7.【答案】optimistic; optimism 【解析】形容词optimistic作表语；名词optimism作主语。 8.【答案】impressed; competence 【解析】be impressed by 被打动；a high level of后接名词competence。 9.【答案】motivation; motivated 【解析】the后接名词motivation；形容词motivated作表语。 10.【答案】engaged; engaging 【解析】be engaged in 忙于；动名词engaging作主语。 11.【答案】significance; significant 【解析】the后接名词significance；形容词significant修饰measures。 12.【答案】cultural 【解析】形容词cultural修饰shock。 13.【答案】newcomer 【解析】a后接名词newcomer新来者。 14.【答案】warmth 【解析】The后接名词warmth作定语修饰welcome。 15.【答案】participating 【解析】动名词participating作主语。 （三）短语填空 1.【答案】feel at home 【解析】feel at home 感到自在；did not后接动词原形。 2.【答案】engaged in / engage in 【解析】engage in 参与；由held可知用过去时engaged或一般现在时。 3.【答案】As far as I am concerned 【解析】as far as I am concerned 就我而言，句首大写。 4.【答案】participated in 【解析】participate in 参加；由came可知用一般过去时。 5.【答案】In summary 【解析】in summary 总之，句首大写。 6.【答案】get involved in 【解析】get involved in 参与；encourage sb to do sth，to后接动词原形。 （四）单句语法填空 1. Learning; to be held 【解析】V-ing作原因状语，句首大写；不定式被动式to be held作后置定语修饰Week，表示将来被动。 2. studying; participated 【解析】V-ing作后置定语修饰man，主动关系；由has可知用现在完成时has participated。 3. asked; tasting 【解析】when asked = when he was asked，状语从句省略；V-ing tasting作伴随状语，主动关系。 4. exposed; bridging 【解析】with复合结构：with + 宾语international students + 过去分词exposed作宾补（表被动接触）；V-ing bridging作结果状语。 5. attracting; exposed 【解析】V-ing attracting作后置定语修饰Marathon；leave sth exposed 使某物暴露，过去分词作宾补。 6. Not knowing; offering 【解析】V-ing否定式Not knowing作原因状语（not必须前置）；V-ing offering作伴随状语。 7. had prepared 【解析】It was the first time that ... 用过去完成时had done。 8. Having spent; acting 【解析】Having spent完成式V-ing作状语，先于主句动作；V-ing acting作伴随状语。 9. giving 【解析】V-ing作结果状语，thus giving表示自然的结果。 10. involved; learning 【解析】过去分词involved作后置定语修饰students；V-ing learning作伴随状语。 （五）完成句子 1.【答案】was; had left 【解析】It was the first time that ... 用过去完成时had done。 2.【答案】learning; to behave 【解析】when learning = when they learn，状语从句省略；how to do特殊疑问词+不定式。 3.【答案】building 【解析】V-ing作后置定语修饰messenger，=who builds。 B组 进阶体验 （一）熟词生义 1. 雇用；聘用 2. 提及（原因）；举出（示例） 3. 理解；领会 4. （价格）公道的；尚可的 5. 角度；立场；观点 （二）词根构词 1. 参与（名词） 2. 资格；资质 3. 适应；改编 4. 展示；报告；陈述 5. 参与；卷入（名词） （三）完成句子 1.【答案】engaging in 【解析】choose doing sth 选择做某事；engage in 参与。 2.【答案】felt at home 【解析】feel at home 感到自在；由were可知用一般过去时felt。 3.【答案】expose; to 【解析】expose sb to sth 使某人接触某物；want to后接动词原形。 4.【答案】studying / living 【解析】V-ing作后置定语修饰students。 5.【答案】Burning with; got involved in 【解析】V-ing作原因状语（Burning with great passion），逻辑主语most international students与burn一致；get involved in参与。 6.【答案】was; had felt 【解析】It was the first time that ... 用过去完成时。 （四）一句多译参考答案 1. ① As far as I know, Wuhan and Bordeaux have been sister cities for decades. ② As far as I am concerned, Wuhan and Bordeaux have been sister cities for decades. 2. ① The exchange students acting as cultural messengers are building a bridge between China and foreign countries. ② The exchange students who act as cultural messengers are building a bridge between China and foreign countries. 3. ① Being exposed to different cultures, we have broadened our horizons. ② Because we are exposed to different cultures, we have broadened our horizons. 4. ① When learning how to adapt to a new environment, some people may feel lonely. ② When they learn how to adapt to a new environment, some people may feel lonely. 5. ① In summary, cross-cultural communication helps us view the world from different angles. ② Generally speaking, cross-cultural communication helps us view the world from different angles. 重点句式仿写参考答案（5题） 句式1：【参考答案】had prepared; have visited 【解析】It was the first time that ... + 过去完成时；It is the first time that ... + 现在完成时。 句式2：【参考答案】to break; to do 【解析】特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语；knowing how to do 疑问词+不定式。 句式3：【参考答案】accompanied; walking 【解析】when accompanied by ... = when they are accompanied，状语从句省略；when walking = when you walk。 句式4：【参考答案】studying; participating 【解析】V-ing作后置定语，主动关系，=who is studying / who participate。 句式5：【参考答案】Having spent; causing 【解析】Having spent完成式V-ing作时间/原因状语；V-ing causing作结果状语。 读后续写完成句子参考答案 1.【答案】rose 2.【答案】feel a sense of belonging 3.【答案】With; rising 4.【答案】With; buzzing 5.【答案】know no; understand each other —— 全文完 —— 本讲义所有例句、习题均以武汉大学留学生、武汉马拉松、武汉国际博览中心、外国驻汉领事馆、武汉国际友城（波尔多/大分/匹兹堡）、湖北非遗（汉绣/楚剧/武当武术）等素材为背景原创改编，适用于课堂教学。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $