Unit 4 Then and now项目式学习分层作业2026-2027学年沪教版（五四学制）八年级英语上册

上海市2026—2027学年八年级英语（沪新版·五四学制）上学期 Unit 4 Then and now 项目式学习分层作业 一、作品基础信息 项目 内容 作品名称 Unit 4 Then and now 项目式学习分层作业 学科·学段 英语·初中八年级（八年级第一学期） 教材版本 沪教版（五四学制·牛津上海版）2024年新版 单元主题 Then and now（过去与现在） 主题语境 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 适用对象 上海市八年级学生 作业类型 项目式学习分层作业（基础巩固层／能力提升层／拓展创新层） 驱动性问题 我们的城市与社区在过去几十年里发生了哪些变化？这些变化给我们的生活带来了什么影响？ 分层方式 A层（面向全体，必做）；B层（面向多数，选做）；C层（面向学有余力，挑战） 建议时长 A层约20分钟；B层约15分钟；C层项目约30～40分钟（可跨课时、课后完成） 完成形式 个人独立完成 + 小组合作探究 评价方式 学生自评 + 同伴互评 + 教师评价（附分层评价量规） 适用学年度 2026—2027学年第一学期 设计者／审核人 设计者：____________　　审核人：____________ 二、设计背景与意图 （一）课标依据 《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》指出，英语课程应“以主题为引领，以语篇为依托”，倡导“学思结合、用创为本”的英语学习活动观。本作业以“Then and now（过去与现在）”为主题，围绕真实生活情境设计项目式学习任务，引导学生在“学习理解—应用实践—迁移创新”的活动中发展语言能力、思维品质、文化意识和学习能力，落实核心素养培养要求，体现“教—学—评”一致性。 （二）教材分析 本单元为沪教版（五四学制·牛津上海版）八年级上册 Unit 4 Then and now，属于“人与社会”主题范畴。单元以“过去与现在”为主线，语篇涵盖 Cities then and now、Old things from old days、A page of history、Changes in our lives、New for old、Our changing communities 等内容；核心语言包括一般过去时、used to do、被动语态、形容词与副词的比较级，以及 in the past、nowadays、unlike、be different from 等对比表达；Project 板块要求学生调查身边的变化并展示成果，为本作业的项目式设计提供了直接的教材依据。 （三）学情分析 八年级学生已具备一定的词汇量和语法基础，能用英语就熟悉话题进行简单表达，对“变化”话题有生活体验；但他们对“过去”缺乏切身体验，对 used to do 与 be used to doing 的辨析、主动语态与被动语态的转换容易混淆，个体差异明显。因此，作业设计坚持“低起点、小台阶、有挑战”，通过分层满足不同学生的学习需求。 （四）设计意图 本作业以一个真实的驱动性问题——“我们的城市和社区在过去几十年里发生了哪些变化？这些变化给我们的生活带来了什么影响？”——统领全篇，将分层作业嵌入项目式学习的完整流程（调查—整理—创作—展示），使作业成为学习过程的有机组成部分。基础层帮助学生夯实语言基础，保底达标；提升层引导学生在语篇中运用语言、发展思维；拓展层鼓励学生在真实任务中迁移创新，实现“用英语做事情”。 （五）设计特色 1. 项目驱动，情境真实：以社区调查为载体，让语言学习与真实生活紧密相连。 2. 分层递进，因材施教：A、B、C 三层难度递进，学生可按需选择、逐级挑战。 3. 语篇依托，素养导向：以语篇为依托，兼顾语言能力与思维品质的培养。 4. 多元评价，以评促学：自评、互评、师评相结合，量规明确，反馈及时。 三、作业目标 （一）核心素养目标 1. 语言能力：能正确认读、拼写并运用本单元核心词汇（如 memory、seldom、nowadays、modern、highway、development 等）和短语（如 in the past、used to do、be different from、take place 等）；能运用一般过去时、被动语态和比较级描述过去与现在的变化。 2. 思维品质：能通过对比、分析、归纳，梳理“过去与现在”的异同；能对变化作出简单的判断与评价，初步形成逻辑表达与批判性思考能力。 3. 文化意识：能感受城市与社会的发展变化，理解变化背后的时代意义，增强对家乡、对国家的认同感与自豪感，珍惜当下的美好生活。 4. 学习能力：能与同伴合作开展调查、整理资料、展示成果；能借助表格、图表等工具进行信息梳理与表达，形成自主与合作学习的能力。 （二）分层作业目标 A层（基础巩固·必做）：能准确拼写本单元核心单词，掌握常见词形变化；能正确运用一般过去时、被动语态和 used to 结构完成基础训练，做到“会读、会写、会用”。 B层（能力提升·选做）：能在语篇中理解“过去与现在”的信息，完成完形填空、阅读理解、首字母填空等任务；能提取、推断和归纳关键信息，提升语篇理解与信息处理能力。 C层（拓展创新·挑战）：能围绕驱动性问题，与同伴合作完成社区变化调查，并用英文海报（PPT）和口头报告展示成果，做到语言准确、内容完整、观点清晰、展示自信。 四、作业内容与目标对应表 层级 题号·任务 作业内容 对应作业目标 认知层级／用时 A层 基础巩固 Ⅰ 词汇速记 根据中文提示或首字母补全单词（10小题） 语言能力：正确拼读、书写单元核心词汇 记忆·理解／约5分钟 Ⅱ 词形变化 用所给词的适当形式填空（8小题） 语言能力：掌握常见词性转换 应用／约4分钟 Ⅲ 单项选择 语法与词汇综合选择（10小题） 语言能力：一般过去时、被动语态、used to 理解·应用／约5分钟 Ⅳ 短语填空 选词填空（8小题） 语言能力：掌握对比类短语的用法 应用／约3分钟 Ⅴ 句型转换 按要求完成句子（5小题） 语言能力：句式转换与语用 应用／约3分钟 B层 能力提升 Ⅵ 完形填空 语篇完形（10小题） 语言能力·思维品质：语篇理解与推理 分析／约5分钟 Ⅶ 阅读理解 两篇语篇阅读（10小题） 思维品质：提取、推断、归纳信息 分析／约6分钟 Ⅷ 首字母填空 短文首字母填空（10空） 语言能力：语境中运用词汇 应用·分析／约4分钟 Ⅸ 任务型阅读 读文完成表格（5空） 学习能力：信息梳理与转换 应用·分析／约4分钟 C层 拓展创新 Ⅹ 情景交际 补全对话（7选5） 语言能力：口语交际与得体表达 应用／约3分钟 Ⅺ 书面表达 分层写作任务（A／B／C） 语言能力·思维品质：书面表达与观点陈述 创造／约10分钟 Ⅻ 项目任务 “Then and now”社区变化调查与展示 学习能力·文化意识：合作探究与迁移创新 迁移·创造／约30分钟 五、作业评价 （一）评价原则 1. 导向性：评价紧扣作业目标，指向核心素养，做到“教—学—评”一致。 2. 差异性：尊重学生差异，分层设标、分层评价，让每个学生都能获得成功体验。 3. 过程性：既关注结果，更关注调查、合作、表达的过程表现。 4. 激励性：以鼓励为主，及时反馈，帮助学生认识自我、建立自信。 （二）评价方式 采用“学生自评 + 同伴互评 + 教师评价”相结合的多元评价方式。其中，A层、B层以教师批改和同伴互评为主，C层项目成果采用量规评价，并将过程性表现（分工合作、资料整理、展示表达）纳入评价。 （三）分层作业评价量规 评价维度 A（优秀·5分） B（良好·3分） C（合格·1分） 得分 语言表达 词汇语法准确，句式丰富，拼写无误 基本准确，偶有小错 错误较多，但不影响理解 内容完整 涵盖调查、数据、对比与观点，内容充实 内容较完整，要点齐全 内容基本完整，略有缺漏 合作探究 分工明确，资料翔实，主动探究 能合作完成，资料较充分 基本能参与合作 创意展示 形式新颖，展示自信，口语流利 形式清晰，表达较流畅 能完成展示 说明：每项满分5分，总分20分。15分及以上为优秀，10～14分为良好，6～9分为合格。 （四）学生自评·互评表 评价内容 自评 互评 我的收获／困惑 1. 我掌握了本单元的核心词汇和短语。 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ 2. 我能运用一般过去时和被动语态描述变化。 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ 3. 我能读懂“过去与现在”的语篇并提取信息。 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ 4. 我能与同伴合作完成项目调查任务。 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ 5. 我能用英语展示项目成果并表达观点。 ★★★★★ ★★★★★ 六、试题详情 答题说明：本作业共分三层。A层为必做，B层为选做，C层为挑战。请根据自己的学习情况，逐层完成，做到“基础保底、能力进阶、挑战自我”。 第一部分　基础巩固层（A层·必做） Ⅰ. 根据中文提示或首字母，补全下列单词。 1. In the past, people s______ travelled by plane; they made long journeys by land or sea. 2. ______（现今）, most families in Shanghai have their own cars. 3. This old photo brings back a lot of sweet ______（记忆）of my childhood. 4. The new ______（公路）makes it easier for trucks to carry goods. 5. Our city has become much more ______（现代的）than before. 6. Can you ______（想象）how different life was without the Internet? 7. My home town was once a small village, but now it has grown into a big ______（社区）. 8. Fresh fruit is ______（运送）to other cities by truck every day. 9. The river in our town is much ______（宽）than it was ten years ago. 10. The living ______（条件）of local people have improved a lot. Ⅱ. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. With the ______（develop）of our city, more people come to work here. 2. English is ______（wide）used all over the world. 3. Children usually have a rich ______（imagine）. 4. These old photos help me ______（memory）the sweet days of my childhood. 5. Life today is quite ______（difference）from that in the past. 6. The machines ______（transport）to the factory by truck last month. 7. We should ______（modern）our city and make it more beautiful. 8. My grandpa often tells me about the ______（change）in our hometown. Ⅲ. 单项选择。 1. My father ______ get up early to do some exercise, but now he doesn’t. A. is used to　　B. used to　　C. was used to　　D. use to 2. Life in the countryside ______ a lot in the past ten years. A. changes　　B. changed　　C. has changed　　D. is changing 3. This bridge ______ over the river about twenty years ago. A. is built　　B. was built　　C. has built　　D. built 4. The streets in our city are ______ than before. A. wide　　B. wider　　C. widest　　D. the widest 5. — ______ your home town like in the past? — It was a small village. A. What was　　B. What did　　C. How was　　D. How did 6. Now mobile phones ______ by almost everyone in the city. A. use　　B. were used　　C. are used　　D. used 7. Great changes ______ in our community since 2010. A. take place　　B. took place　　C. have taken place　　D. will take place 8. My parents are used to ______ in the city now. A. live　　B. living　　C. lived　　D. lives 9. Old houses ______ by tall buildings now. A. replace　　B. are replaced　　C. replaced　　D. were replacing 10. The town is much ______ it was twenty years ago. A. more beautiful than　　B. as beautiful as　　C. so beautiful as　　D. beautiful than Ⅳ. 选词填空（每词限用一次）。 nowadays　used to　in the past　take place　are different from　development　communities　transport 1. ______, most students went to school by bike or on foot. 2. ______, we can shop online without going out. 3. Great changes have ______ in our city over the past ten years. 4. My grandpa ______ live in a small village. 5. The two pictures ______ each other because they show different ages. 6. Our school has developed fast with the ______ of our city. 7. Trucks are used to ______ goods from one place to another. 8. People in different ______ have different ways of life. Ⅴ. 按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. There were few cars in the street ten years ago.（改为反意疑问句） There were few cars in the street ten years ago, ______ ______? 2. People used wood to make houses in the past.（改为被动语态） Wood ______ ______ to make houses in the past. 3. My father often walked to school when he was young.（用 used to 改写） My father ______ ______ ______ to school when he was young. 4. The city has become more and more modern.（改为感叹句） ______ ______ the city has become! 5. Life in the past was not as easy as it is today.（改为同义句，用比较级） Life today is ______ ______ life in the past. 第二部分　能力提升层（B层·选做） Ⅵ. 完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer, my parents took me back to my home town. I had not been there for eight years. I still remembered an old town with narrow (1)______ and small houses. To my surprise, everything had changed. When we arrived, I could hardly (2)______ the place. Wide roads, tall buildings and modern parks came into my eyes. My uncle told me that the government had (3)______ a lot of money in the town. “Fifteen years ago, few families had cars. People (4)______ went to other cities,” he said. “But now we can travel by high-speed train. We can also (5)______ goods to faraway places quickly.” Near the bus station, there used to be a small lake. Now the lake has become a beautiful (6)______ where people relax at weekends. My cousin loves it. “Grandpa used to tell me about his childhood,” she said. “When he was a child, life was not (7)______. They had no computers and no mobile phones.” Hearing this, I felt (8)______. Sometimes I even (9)______ how difficult life was at that time. Technology has made our life much better. It brings us convenience and happiness. However, we should also remember the old things, because they (10)______ us of the past and help us understand the value of today’s life. 1. A. rivers　　B. streets　　C. houses　　D. farms 2. A. recognize　　B. remember　　C. believe　　D. imagine 3. A. put　　B. spent　　C. taken　　D. invested 4. A. often　　B. always　　C. seldom　　D. usually 5. A. transport　　B. borrow　　C. lend　　D. return 6. A. factory　　B. park　　C. school　　D. market 7. A. easy　　B. hard　　C. long　　D. busy 8. A. bored　　B. lucky　　C. tired　　D. moved 9. A. forgot　　B. imagined　　C. doubted　　D. noticed 10. A. warn　　B. stop　　C. remind　　D. help Ⅶ. 阅读理解。 阅读下列两篇短文，从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 （A） Shanghai has changed a lot in the past seventy years. In the 1950s, most people lived in small houses called longtang（弄堂）. The streets were narrow, and there were few cars. People travelled by bike, by bus or on foot. Life was simple, but the neighbours were close to each other. Everything began to change in the 1990s. Pudong, once a large area of farmland, was developed into a modern district. Tall buildings like the Oriental Pearl Tower rose along the Huangpu River. More and more people moved into new flats with running water and electric heaters. Today, Shanghai is a busy international city. People can travel by subway, by high-speed train or by plane. With mobile phones, we can keep in touch with others anytime and pay for things easily. However, in the centre of the city, some old buildings are still kept. They remind people of the past and make the city special. As one old man said, “We welcome the changes, but we should never forget where we come from.” 1. What was Pudong like before the 1990s? A. A modern district.　　B. A large area of farmland.　　C. A busy city.　　D. A beautiful park. 2. Which of the following was NOT a way of travelling in the 1950s? A. By bike.　　B. By bus.　　C. On foot.　　D. By subway. 3. What does the writer think of keeping the old buildings? A. Useless.　　B. Meaningless.　　C. Meaningful.　　D. Boring. 4. What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A. New flats.　　B. Old buildings.　　C. Modern districts.　　D. Mobile phones. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. Shanghai Then and Now　　B. How to Travel in Shanghai　　C. The Oriental Pearl Tower　　D. Life in the 1950s （B） Many people like keeping old things. A tape player, a black-and-white photo, or a letter from an old friend can bring back good memories. In Shanghai, there is a special museum called “The City Memory Museum”. It collects old objects from ordinary people’s homes. In the museum, you can see a radio from the 1970s, a bicycle from the 1960s and a sewing machine（缝纫机）from the 1950s. Each object has a story. Mrs Li, aged 78, gave her old sewing machine to the museum. “It belonged to my mother. She made clothes for the whole family with it,” she said. “Now life is much easier. We can buy clothes in shops or online. But when I see the machine, I remember those warm days.” The museum is not only a place for old people. Many young people visit it, too. One middle school student said, “I’m used to using my smartphone every day. It’s interesting to learn how people lived in the past.” 1. What is the museum about? A. New inventions.　　B. Old objects.　　C. Modern art.　　D. Foreign culture. 2. What can we learn about Mrs Li’s sewing machine? A. She bought it last year.　　B. It was made by her mother. C. Her mother used it to make clothes.　　D. She sold it for much money. 3. Why do young people visit the museum? A. To play with old toys.　　B. To learn about the past. C. To buy cheap clothes.　　D. To meet old friends. 4. Which is TRUE about the museum? A. It only welcomes old people.　　B. It keeps objects from people’s homes. C. It sells old things online.　　D. It was built in the 1970s. 5. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. Old things are useless.　　B. Old things help us remember the past. C. Museums are expensive.　　D. Young people hate new things. Ⅷ. 首字母填空。 在短文的空格处填入适当的词，使其内容通顺、完整，首字母已给出。 My home town has c(1)______ a lot over the past twenty years. Let me tell you something about it. In the past, my home town was a small village. Many people worked on farms. There were no tall buildings, only low h(2)______. The roads were n(3)______, so it was hard for cars to pass. Life was quiet but not c(4)______. People had to walk a long way to buy things. Now things are quite d(5)______. Wide roads have been built. A new hospital and a modern shopping m(6)______ have appeared. What’s more, the Internet is w(7)______ used here. People can s(8)______ online without going out. Young people can find jobs in the new factories n(9)______. Although life is better, I still m(10)______ the old days in the village. The changes remind me that time goes by quickly and we should value today’s life. Ⅸ. 任务型阅读。 阅读短文，根据文中信息完成下面的表格，每空一词。 Hi, I’m Harry. My great-grandma often tells me about the life in the past. When she was a child, people lived in houses without electricity. They burned wood to keep warm and had no machines to help with cooking or cleaning. In the old days, many schools had only one room, where children of different ages learned together. There were no computers, so students read paper books and wrote with pens. Life today is much easier. We use electric heaters to warm the house and have machines to do the housework. Schools are much larger, with classrooms, libraries and even labs. With the Internet, we can get information from all over the world. Item In the past Today Houses without (1)______ use electric heaters Housework done by (2)______ done by machines Schools only one (3)______ large, with labs Getting information from (4)______ books from the (5)______ 第三部分　拓展创新层（C层·挑战） Ⅹ. 补全对话。 从方框中选择恰当的句子完成对话，有两项为多余选项。 A. That’s right.　B. What should we do?　C. What can I do for the project?　D. Will we show it to our class?　E. I’m a little worried about it.　F. How long will it take?　G. Where can we get the photos? A: Hi, Mike. Our English project is about “Then and now”, right? B: (1)______ We need to find out the changes in our city. A: Sounds interesting. (2)______ B: We can interview our grandparents and take some photos. A: Good idea. (3)______ B: You can help me write down what they say and put the photos on a poster. A: (4)______ B: Yes, we’ll show it to the whole class next Friday. A: (5)______ B: Don’t worry. I’m sure we can do a good job if we work together. Ⅺ. 书面表达。 学校英语角正在开展“Then and now”主题活动，请你介绍自己家乡或社区的变化。请根据自己的水平，任选一档完成。 A档（基础）：根据提示，用 5～6 句话描述“过去”与“现在”的变化。提示词：in the past, now, used to, narrow, wide, buildings, easier。 B档（提高）：以 “The changes in my home town” 为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文，至少包含道路、住房、交通、生活四个方面中的三个方面。 C档（挑战）：写一篇 100 词左右的短文，除介绍变化外，还要表达自己的感受或观点（如：如何既要发展，也要留住记忆）。 参考句式：In the past, ... But now ... / People used to ... / Great changes have taken place in ... / Life is much easier than before. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ Ⅻ. 项目任务（Project）：“Then and now”社区变化调查与展示。 驱动性问题：我们的城市和社区在过去几十年里发生了哪些变化？这些变化给我们的生活带来了什么影响？ 任务流程： Step 1　调查（Survey）：以小组为单位，设计简单问卷或采访家中长辈，收集“过去”与“现在”在交通、住房、购物、学习、娱乐等方面的信息。 Step 2　整理（Organize）：用表格或图表整理数据，并计算各项所占的百分比。 Step 3　创作（Create）：制作一张英文“Then and now”对比海报或 PPT，配以图片、数据和文字说明。 Step 4　展示（Present）：小组用英语向全班汇报，并进行同伴互评。 数据整理公式：调查结束后，可按下面的公式计算每个人数占比，并填入表格。 P = 其中，P 表示百分比，n 表示选择该项的人数，N 表示被调查的总人数。 小组成员名单与分工： ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 调查数据统计表（示例）： 项目 / Item 过去 / In the past 现在 / Now 主要出行方式 步行、自行车（60%） 地铁、私家车（45%） 住房条件 低矮旧房 高楼、新公寓 购物方式 到小商店购买 网上购物 孩子学习 纸本书、一支笔 电脑、网络、实验室 地名与专有名词英文表达小贴士（注音参考）： 徐汇 Xúhuì　浦东 Pǔdōng　外滩 Wàitān　弄堂 Lòngtáng　田子坊 Tiánzǐfāng　黄浦江 Huángpǔ Jiāng 写作时可将其译为拼音或英文形式，如 Xuhui District、Pudong New Area、the Bund、Tianzifang 等。 七、答案与解析 第一部分　基础巩固层（A层） Ⅰ. 词汇速记 1. seldom　2. Nowadays　3. memories　4. highway　5. modern　6. imagine　7. community　8. transported　9. wider　10. conditions 解析：第3题 memory 作“记忆”讲时常用复数 memories；第8题要用被动语态 be transported；第9题 much 修饰比较级，故用 wider；第10题 condition 表示“条件”时常用复数 conditions。 Ⅱ. 词形变化 1. development　2. widely　3. imagination　4. memorize　5. different　6. were transported　7. modernize　8. changes 解析：develop→development（名词）；wide→widely（副词，修饰 used）；imagine→imagination（名词）；memory→memorize（动词）；difference→different（形容词）；transport 在句中表示过去被动，故用 were transported；modern→modernize（动词）；change 在此处为可数名词复数 changes。 Ⅲ. 单项选择 1—5　B C B B A　　6—10　C C B B A 解析： 1. B　used to do 表示“过去常常做某事”，与后半句 now 形成对比。 2. C　in the past ten years 常与现在完成时连用。 3. B　bridge 与 build 之间是被动关系，且时间为过去，故用 was built。 4. B　than 前用比较级 wider。 5. A　询问“过去是什么样”常用 What was ... like?。 6. C　mobile phones 与 use 之间是被动关系，且为一般现在时，故用 are used。 7. C　since 引导时间状语，主句用现在完成时 have taken place。 8. B　be used to doing sth. 表示“习惯于做某事”，to 为介词。 9. B　old houses 与 replace 之间是被动关系，故用 are replaced。 10. A　much 修饰比较级，故用 more beautiful than。 Ⅳ. 短语填空 1. In the past　2. Nowadays　3. taken place　4. used to　5. are different from　6. development　7. transport　8. communities 解析：第3题 have 后接过去分词 taken place；第5题主语为复数 pictures，故用 are different from；第7题 be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”，故填动词原形 transport。 Ⅴ. 句型转换 1. were there（few 表否定，反意疑问句用肯定形式） 2. was used（一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + 过去分词） 3. used to walk（used to do 表示“过去常常做某事”） 4. How modern（感叹句结构：How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！） 5. easier than（not as ... as 可转换为比较级形式） 第二部分　能力提升层（B层） Ⅵ. 完形填空 1—5　B A D C A　　6—10　B A D B C 解析：1. 与 houses 并列，且用 narrow 修饰，选 streets；2. “几乎认不出这个地方”，选 recognize；3. invest money in 意为“把钱投入……”，选 invested；4. 与下文 “现在能乘高铁出行”对比，过去很少出远门，选 seldom；5. transport goods 意为“运输货物”；6. 湖变成了供人休闲的 park；7. 由“没有电脑、没有手机”可知生活不易，选 easy；8. 听到长辈的艰苦童年，“我”很感动，选 moved；9. imagine 表示“想象”；10. remind sb. of sth. 意为“使某人想起某事”。 Ⅶ. 阅读理解 （A）1—5　B D C B A （B）1—5　B C B B B 解析（A）：1. 第二段指出 Pudong “once a large area of farmland”，故选 B；2. 文中 20 世纪 50 年代的出行方式为 bike、bus、on foot，无 subway，故选 D；3. 作者认为保留老建筑使城市“特殊”，是有意义的，故选 C；4. They 指代上句的 old buildings；5. 全文围绕上海的“过去与现在”展开，故选 A。 解析（B）：1. 博物馆收藏的是“old objects”，故选 B；2. 李奶奶说她母亲用缝纫机为全家做衣服，故选 C；3. 年轻人来参观是为了“l learn how people lived in the past”，故选 B；4. 博物馆收藏普通人家中的旧物，故选 B；5. 全文说明旧物帮助我们记住过去，故选 B。 Ⅷ. 首字母填空 1. changed　2. houses　3. narrow　4. comfortable　5. different　6. mall　7. widely　8. shop　9. nearby　10. miss 解析：2. 与 tall buildings 对应，“低矮的房屋”用 houses；3. 与后文“汽车难以通过”对应，路是 narrow；4. “安静但不舒适”，用 comfortable；6. shopping mall 指“购物中心”；7. 副词 widely 修饰 used；9. 作后置定语，用 nearby。 Ⅸ. 任务型阅读 (1) electricity　(2) hand（或 people）　(3) room　(4) paper　(5) Internet 解析：文中提到过去“houses without electricity”；家务“没有机器帮忙”，即靠 hand（手工）完成；过去学校“只有一间教室”，填 room；过去学生读 paper books；现在“With the Internet”获取信息。 第三部分　拓展创新层（C层） Ⅹ. 补全对话 (1) A　(2) B　(3) C　(4) D　(5) E　（多余选项：F、G） 解析：(1) 回应对方“我们的项目是关于 Then and now 的吧”，用 A.“That’s right.”；后面 B 提到“需要找出城市的变化”，故 (2) 是询问“我们该怎么做”，用 B；A 想帮忙，故 (3) 用 C.“What can I do for the project?”；(4) 后 B 回答“是的，下周五展示给全班”，故 (4) 用一般疑问句 D；(5) 后 B 说“别担心”，故 (5) 用 E.“I’m a little worried about it.”。 Ⅺ. 书面表达（参考答案，评分建议见下） A档参考范文： In the past, life was hard. The roads were narrow. People used to walk or ride bikes. Now the roads are wide. We have cars and subways. Life is much easier now. B档参考范文： The changes in my home town My home town has changed a lot over the past twenty years. In the past, the roads were narrow and there were few cars. People used to live in small, old houses. Now wide roads and tall buildings have appeared. We can travel by subway or by high-speed train, and we can also shop online. Life is much more convenient than before. I’m proud of the changes, and I will study hard to make my home town even better. C档参考要点：在 B 档基础上补充数据（如“60% 的人过去步行出行，现在只有 20%”）与个人观点（如“发展带来便利，但我们也要保护老建筑，留住城市的记忆”），并注意衔接词 unlike、however、what’s more 的使用。 评分建议：A档——能写出 5～6 句通顺句子即可；B档——要点齐全、语言基本准确、字数达标；C档——要点齐全、语言准确、有观点与数据、结构清晰。 Ⅻ. 项目任务（参考方案与评价） 参考报告（80～120词）： Then and now in my community Our group did a survey about the changes in our community. We interviewed ten neighbours. In the past, most people went out on foot or by bike. Now about 45% of them travel by subway or by car. We also found that people used to buy things in small shops, but nowadays they often shop online. What’s more, children today study with computers and the Internet, while their grandparents only had paper books. Great changes have taken place around us. In my opinion, we should enjoy the changes, but we should also keep the old buildings and the warm memories of the past. 项目评价要点： ① 调查是否真实、数据是否清楚；② 报告是否涵盖交通、住房、购物等至少三个方面；③ 是否恰当使用 used to、被动语态和比较级；④ 展示是否语言流畅、分工明确、自信大方（详见“五、作业评价”量规）。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $