山东省实验中学2027届高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题

山东省实验中学2027届高三第一次诊断性考试 英语试题 2026.10 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What will the woman probably do next? A. Paint a picture. B. Send an email. C. Check the article. 2. What can we learn about the man A. He’s forgetful. B. He’s in a hurry. C. He’s organized. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a ship factory. B. In an art gallery. C. In a hospital hall. 4. What does the woman think of the smartwatch? A. It’s fully functional. B. It’s affordable. C. It’s unnecessary. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A work mode shift. B. A job hunting experience. C. A time management method. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers doing? A. Writing a novel. B. Watching a movie. C. Staging a play. 7. How does the woman feel about the plot? A. Imaginative. B. Confusing. C. Reasonable. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. Why is the new station in the suburbs? A. To avoid heavy traffic. B. To store a big telescope. C. To avoid bright city light. 9. What might bother Tom in his work? A. The heavy mental labor. B. The unusual working hours. C. The long commuting distance. 10. How will the woman contribute to the project? A. By processing the data. B. By lending new cameras. C. By monitoring the station. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What especially drives the woman to study architecture? A. Her discussion with the man. B. Its mix of design and engineering. C. Its clearly visible influence on a city. 12. What do we know about architecture nowadays? A. It covers various fields. B. It requires advanced degrees. C. It involves diverse decorations. 13. What will the woman probably learn this summer? A. Western philosophy. B. Modern economics. C. Computer science. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the woman’s view on the AI tool? A. It performs terribly. B. It needs more tests. C. It works quite well. 15. What concerns the man about the AI tool? A. Its data leaking risk. B. Its low proficiency. C. Its unreliable accuracy. 16. What function of the AI tool impresses the man? A. Reordering daily reading habits. B. Translating foreign books quickly. C. Offering random recommendations. 17. How can the man use the AI tool? A. With a newly registered account. B. With his original library account. C. With the human librarian’s help. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What was Linda’s task at the dairy company? A. Delivering sugary yogurts to markets. B. Measuring the sugar level in products. C. Analyzing the nutritional value of sugar. 19. What did Linda’s team do in Chicago? A. They created new drinks from plants. B. They invented a sugar-testing method. C. They boosted sales of existing products. 20. What did Linda’s team develop? A. A low-fat chocolate. B. A sugar-free product. C. An AI-driven program. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many ways students can get their volunteer hours. But what if their passions don’t line up with what their school offers? Connections Academy has collected a list of resources here to help them find community service ideas. Best Buddies Service Type: In-person and virtual Best Buddies is an organization dedicated to ending the social, physical, and economic isolation (孤立) of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Its online community service includes joining (or starting) a virtual school group, being a virtual speech coach, and more. If you would like to take action in person, it has fundraisers, friendship walks, and more. Smithsonian Digital Volunteers Service Type: In-person and virtual Make an impact while learning something new! The Smithsonian Institution is the world’s largest museum, education, and research complex. From transcribing (抄写) historical documents to identifying and labeling plants, there is a series of online volunteer opportunities for teens. Zooniverse Service Type: Virtual Zooniverse is an exciting platform for research that provides high school volunteer opportunities, from discovering new planets and studying the human body structure to categorizing animals and identifying teeth. Teens can download the app to conduct research anywhere and spend as much or as little time as they’d like. Catchafire Service Type: Virtual Catchafire is a volunteer search tool on a mission to motivate the world’s talent with an interest in developing professional business skills and is only for online volunteer projects, each with a timeline. The volunteer opportunities available here are particularly valuable for graduating students looking to make an impact while getting on-the-job experience, where they can test out a potential career path and enrich their résumé. 21. What can volunteers do through Best Buddies? A. Promote physical fitness. B. Label different kinds of plants. C. Work as a virtual speech coach. D. Provide practical medical service. 22. What makes Zooniverse different from the other programs? A. It encourages outdoor exploration. B. It allows for flexible time and places. C. It cooperates with local high schools. D. It requires scientific research in real labs. 23. What is special about Catchafire? A. It aims to help people with intellectual disabilities. B. It provides both in-person and virtual volunteer work. C. It requires volunteers to submit their resume. D. It helps students gain work experience for future jobs. B Lina Chen, a middle schooler from a small town in Yunnan, won the top award in the Teen Innovators Contest for designing a new mosquito net that is superior to existing models, as stated in the press release. Lina’s inspiration came after she witnessed many villagers suffer from mosquito bites and infectious diseases spread by mosquitoes during the rainy season, reported the local youth newspaper. “I had never really noticed how serious the problem was before,” she told the reporter about the serious situation in her hometown. “People used ordinary mosquito nets, but mosquitoes still found ways to get inside,” she added. After studying disease statistics, Lina spent over a year developing her improved mosquito net that she believes could greatly reduce the risk of mosquito-borne illnesses. Unlike traditional mosquito nets that simply form a physical barrier to keep mosquitoes out, Lina’s smart net is designed to warn people when tiny holes appear before mosquitoes can enter. With thin fiber sensors and a microcomputer, the device detects small damages on the net and send a warning message to the phone. Creating the prototype was difficult and the hardest part was adjusting the sensors. “I had two designs, and my first design completely failed,” she said. The final device outperforms common mosquito nets in sensitivity and convenience. Lina wants to bring the costs down to make it even more widely used than ordinary nets. “Lina spotted a real-life problem, committed herself to it and strove to work out a solution, and that is exactly the quality we should foster in youngsters,” remarked the contest’s chief organizer. She also highlighted the significance of backing young innovators, especially teenagers in rural regions who are interested in STEM fields. Relevant studies indicate that plenty of creative young talents are held back by limited resources to turn their creative concepts into tangible prototypes. 24. What inspired Lina to design the new mosquito net? A. Her wish to win a national contest. B. Her interest in testing new diseases. C. Her research about disease statistics. D. Her awareness of villagers’ suffering. 25. What can we learn about Lina’s invention? A. It warns users when the net gets damaged. B. It kills mosquitoes once they touch the net. C. It sets a physical barrier against mosquitoes. D. It outperforms old nets by keeping the air fresh. 26. What can be inferred about the smart net from paragraph 4? A. It is apparently user-friendly. B. It stops mosquitoes entering. C. It detects certain mosquitoes. D. It costs less than ordinary nets. 27. Which of the following best describes Lina? A. Cautious and flexible. B. Modest and generous. C. Ambitious and inquiring. D. Observant and determined. C PFAS, also known as forever chemicals, are found in drinking water, food, and household products. These chemicals have been linked to negative health outcomes, including certain cancers. PFAS are widely used because they are highly durable and can resist both water and oil. However, they do not break down easily in the environment and can linger in the human body. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, nearly everyone in the United States has PFAS in their blood. Eliminating PFAS is almost impossible, and researchers are still determining which actions are most effective at reducing exposure. However, studies show that when exposure decreases, PFAS levels in the body can gradually decline over several years. Drinking water can be an important source of exposure. If testing shows high PFAS levels in water and the community has not installed filtration (过滤) systems, it is advisable to purchase a household filter certified to treat PFAS contamination (污染物). According to the National Academies report, diet is likely the primary way people are exposed to PFAS in places without drinking water contamination. Some meat, dairy products and chicken eggs have been found to contain PFAS chemicals, but according to the Food and Drug Administration, most detectable PFAS were found in seafood. Produce grown with contaminated water can also become a source of exposure. PFAS have been widely used in consumer products because they make items waterproof, slippery, durable, or stain-resistant. They may be found in cookware, waterproof clothing, carpets, tablecloths, and other household products. However, there is currently insufficient evidence that simply changing consumer products significantly reduces PFAS exposure. Fortunately, many manufacturers are phasing out PFAS. Companies such as 3M and BASF have reduced or stopped their use, while major retailers (零售商) and brands are also working to make their products PFAS-free. Research shows that as the production and use of certain PFAS declined, levels of those chemicals in Americans’ blood also fell over time, which can be conducive to public health. 28. Why are PFAS widely used? A. They are watery. B. They are chemically stable. C. They are unbreakable. D. They are readily available. 29. Which of the following may contain higher levels of PFAS? A. Filtered water. B. Cotton clothes. C. Nonstick cookers. D. Freshwater fish. 30. What does the underlined word “conducive” in the last paragraph mean? A. Subject. B. Favorable. C. Devoted. D. Related. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. PFAS: Sources of Exposure B. PFAS: Forever Pollutants C. PFAS: Application and Reduction D. PFAS: Prospects and Challenges D Hubs (中枢) of immune cells in the skull may help to defend our brain against disease. The discovery, based on a study into the brains of mice and human genetic data, implies that targeting these hubs with drugs could bring new treatments for conditions where immune cells act in a wrong way, such as brain cancer. “It’s an important step forward in understanding the brain’s immune response,” says Vesa Kiviniemi at the University of Oulu in Finland, who wasn’t involved in the study. He notes the finding also helps research on brain infections, inflammation and diseases that damage the nervous system. Immune cells called T-cells and B-cells are activated to protect the brain when they spot threat signs, like pieces of tumours in the lymphatic (淋巴的) system. Jonathan Kipnis and his workmates have uncovered a new way of activating these cells. By imaging and analysing mouse skulls, the team found that B- and T-cells gather with immune cells called antigen-presenting cells (抗原呈递细胞) in immune hubs at the back of the skull. These hubs are similar to lymph nodes, where antigen-presenting cells expose threats to T- and B-cells. Based on previous human gene data, researchers believe such immune hubs also exist in humans. T-cells can activate and assist B-cells in the human skull, though further studies on dead people’s skulls are needed to confirm the conclusion. To test the hubs’ protective function, researchers conducted contrast experiments. They injected cancer cells into mice’s brains. Half the mice received a drug to block the activation of skull immune cells, while the others received salt-water placebo injections. The drug-treated mice lived 25 days on average, shorter than the 30 days of the placebo group. In another test, drugs boosting immune cell activation extended mice’s survival time by 10 days. This proves immune hubs can generate anti-cancer immune responses. If confirmed in humans, these skull immune hubs will provide new treatment ideas for various brain-related diseases, from brain cancer to long-lasting inflammation. The next step, the team says, is to examine human skulls directly and map the hubs’ exact locations. 32. What can we learn about immune hubs? A. They can treat brain cancer. B. They can damage the nervous system. C. They can work like antigen-presenting cells. D. They can help treat immune-related diseases via drugs. 33. What did Kipnis’s team find in the mouse skulls? A. A new drug used for brain cancer treatment. B. Immune hubs formed at the back of the skull. C. Lymph nodes exposing threats to immune cells. D. Tumour pieces travelling in the lymphatic system. 34. Why did researchers carry out contrast experiments? A. To find new types of cancer drugs. B. To study the activation rules of genes. C. To prove the effectiveness of immune hubs. D. To confirm the existence of human immune hubs. 35. What will the researchers do next according to the last paragraph? A. Locate immune hubs in human skulls. B. Develop new drugs for brain diseases. C. Compare immune hubs in humans and mice. D. Apply the findings to brain cancer treatment. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine your superior is about to embark on a plan that will surely lead to disaster. Do you stay silent and let the flawed decision move forward? 36 Here are several strategies for disagreeing successfully that can help avoid disaster and save your relationship. Use “I” statements. 37 This keeps the conversation from feeling like an accusation. Try: “I think another option worth considering is…” Acknowledge their point of view first. State what’s strong about their idea or decision before you add your own view. 38 Try: “I think that’s a good starting point, and I’d add…” Besides, keep your tone neutral. The words matter less than the delivery. A calm, even tone signals confidence and respect at the same time. Try: “That approach makes sense to me, and I’d also suggest we look at…” Suggest an alternative. Objecting to an idea puts people on the defensive. 39 Try: “Would it make sense to pilot this on a smaller scale before we commit fully?” Meanwhile, identifying the shared goal can help. Reminding the group of what everyone actually wants turns a disagreement into a shared problem to solve. Try: “I think we’re both trying to get to the same outcome. Here’s an option that might get us both the win…” None of these techniques ask you to soften your view or shrink in the moment. They ask you to deliver the message in a way someone can actually receive it. They help you show up as an active, engaged participant. 40 A. People listen differently once they feel heard. B. Will you choose words carefully to disagree successfully? C. That distinction is the core of this successful arguing skill. D. The key is to learn the skills of how to disagree gracefully. E. Will you speak up and run the risk of damaging your relationship? F. Proposing an alternative gives them something to build on instead. G. Frame the opposition as your own perspective rather than a correction of theirs. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In senior high, my instructor told me, “Time holds supreme influence over humans.” As a 16-year-old learner of global literature, the 41 sounded reasonable at that moment, yet it took many years before I 42 understand its real meaning. Not long ago, I chatted with a workmate about my massive list of pending tasks. She softly 43 me, “We are not masters of our time.” For an instant, my high-school memories 44 my mind. “I don’t entirely agree,” I 45 . “That is precisely why we ought to master the techniques of time 46 .” As a mother with a full-time job who enjoys 47 outdoor sports, I have found a way to keep this habit 48 : jogging in each midday break. My break lasts 50 minutes. After heading outside, roughly 45 minutes remain. I spend around 35 minutes jogging, sparing time to wash and change before 49 to my teaching duties. Apart from improving physical fitness, midday jogging brings an extra 50 . It allows me to step away temporarily from heavy workloads, refreshes my body, and supplies mental energy to 51 new difficulties in career and daily life. As summer vacation draws near, I am 52 my schedule — moments for family, writing and jogging. I have come to realize how much I 53 those midday runs and intend to stick to the 54 . Since I can manage my available time better now, I will make the best of it to 55 my ambition. 41. A. remark B. criticism C. warning D. idiom 42. A. roughly B. naturally C. barely D. ultimately 43. A. convinced B. persuaded C. reminded D. motivated 44. A. broke out B. flooded into C. looked into D. set out 45. A. responded B. guaranteed C. anticipated D. concluded 46. A. protection B. judgement C. management D. reservation 47. A. energetic B. consistent C. temporary D. distant 48. A. alive B. steady C. handy D. permanent 49. A. wasting B. saving C. leaving D. dropping 50. A. allowance B. income C. profit D. bonus 51. A. cope with B. settle down C. take over D. pick up 52. A. logging B. arranging C. negotiating D. regulating 53. A. deserve B. acquire C. grant D. treasure 54. A. mission B. custom C. practice D. foundation 55. A. present B. fulfill C. shape D. overthrow 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first traffic-management robot squad has received a new round of upgrades, 56 (give) the machines greater autonomous patrol and public-service capabilities, Hangzhou traffic police said on Monday. The upgraded robots will be deployed in the West Lake scenic area in 57 upcoming autumn tourism season and will be assigned according to real-time pedestrian and traffic flows. The 15-robot squad, 58 (know) as “Hangjing Zhixing”, began full-scale operations during the May Day holiday. They help direct traffic, discourage violations and provide 59 (guide) for tourists. The latest upgrades are designed to deal with complex traffic scenarios, 60 were beyond the ability of earlier robot systems. Previously, the robots 61 (fix) in one direction, limiting their monitoring range. A new function allows them to turn 62 (flexible) to adapt to changing traffic conditions. Upgraded positioning technology, proved effective in various tests, has greatly improved the robots’ ability to move autonomously. The improvements make round-the-clock patrols possible. Robots can now work well 63 noisy and crowed street environments. Since entering service four months ago, the robots 64 (offer) more than 11,000 public services for citizens and tourists. These intelligent robots take over repetitive tasks, freeing police personnel 65 (concentrate) more on emergencies and key public services. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是校学生会主席李华，10月16日是世界粮食日（World Food Day），请你代表学生会在校英文报上写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们节约粮食。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, Student Union 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The small neighborhood bookstore had stood quietly on a corner of the community for decades. With weathered wooden shelves, faint ink fragrance and soft warm lights, it was far more than a common commercial shop. It served as a warm spiritual shelter for local residents all year round. The elderly often spent their spare afternoons reading quietly here, while teenagers liked to stay for a while to relax themselves in a sea of books after tiring school days. Nevertheless, in recent years, the booming online book business and constantly soaring community rent have put the small bookstore in an extremely tough position. The owner Mr. Lee worked hard every day but could hardly cover his basic costs. After struggling in vain for a long time and seeing no way out, he finally made the tough decision to close the beloved bookstore at the end of the month. The disappointing news quickly spread through the neighborhood, leaving all residents filled with endless regret and sadness. No one was willing to see this warm place that carried countless community memories vanish overnight. Lila, a local high school student who had grown up frequenting the bookstore, was extremely upset. Counting the sweet childhood memories and quiet reading moments she had here, she couldn’t bear to witness the bookstore’s disappearance. Determined to do something to change the situation, she came up with a practical idea. She turned to her school teachers and classmates for help, sincerely telling them the bookstore’s touching story and awkward dilemma. Moved by her sincerity, many warm-hearted students volunteered to lend a hand. They carefully designed delicate posters, wrote touching publicity articles and prepared a book charity sale to draw wider public attention. Word of the students’ kind efforts soon got around, and their youthful efforts quietly warmed the whole community, many signing up for the upcoming rescue campaign. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On its final weekend, the bookstore witnessed a long-awaited change. Moved by their joined hands, Mr. Lee resolved to keep the store alive. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $