Unit2reading1课件2026-2027学年沪教版九年级英语上册

U2 Reading1 Great ideas 1 Before class: Think about the following questions. Reading 固定think 1. Where do great ideas come from? Great ideas often come from careful observation, curiosity, human needs, or even accidents. Archimedes:buoyancy(/ ˈbɔɪənsi / n.浮力) Newton:gravity Fleming: Penicillin盘尼西林（青霉素） 仔细的观察 好奇心 curious Galileo Galilei One day, he noticed that the lamp in the church was slightly swinging because of a gentle wind. He found that no matter how wide it swung, it took equal time for each swing. People can count its swings to tell time. Therefore, he inspired the invention of the clock. Observation When Watt saw steam push up the lid of a kettle, he got a great idea. He improved the steam engine. This invention led to the Industrial Revolution and greatly changed people’s life. James Watt Observation He noticed that the bacteria disappeared around the mould. Thus, this accidental discovery helped people find the cure to diseases. Accident+ Observation Alexander Fleming Newton’s theory of gravity（牛顿万有引力定律） Isaac Newton Influences Where great ideas come from Curiosity and questions：Wondering “Why does an apple fall?” led Newton to think about gravity This theory changed how people understand the universe, and it became the base of modern physics. Curiosity+Observation The Wright brothers were curious how birds flew. They watched and tested many times. Finally, they invented the first powered plane for humans. The Wright brothers Curiosity People wanted to talk with others far away. Letters travelled too slowly. So that is why Bell invented the telephone. Human needs 2. Why do we need new ideas? We need new ideas to solve new problems, improve our lives, and keep the world moving forward. 3. What do great ideas bring about? Great ideas bring solutions to problems, better ways of living, new inventions , progress in science and technology. 4. How have great ideas influenced our lives? Great ideas have changed almost every part of our lives: How Taking a Bath Lead to Archimedes' Principle The principle of buoyancy/ ˈbɔɪənsi / （阿基米德浮力原理） Archimedes（阿基米德） Where great ideas come from Daily problems and observations：Archimedes noticed water overflow when he took a bath Before you read 1 Complete a mini-quiz about Archimedes. (1) Who was Archimedes?(You may choose more than one answer.) a a physicist b a painter c a mathematician (2)Where was Archimedes born? a Pisa, an Italian city c Syracuse, an ancient Greek city b Cairo, an Egyptian city (3)Which of the quotes below is from Archimedes? a Give me but one firm spot on which to stand, and I will move the Earth. b You can't step twice into the same river. c I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance. 人不能两次踏入同一条河流。 (赫拉克利特。寓意万物都在不断运动、变化。) 我唯一知道的，就是我一无所知。 (苏格拉底。表达谦逊求知的人生态度。) One day in the ancient Greek city of Syracuse, King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a fancy golden crown. At first, he was very satisfied with it. “It’s a nice crown, isn’t it?” he asked his son, the prince. Later, however, he began to doubt whether it was a real golden crown. “Is it made completely of gold?” he wondered. He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the truth. “This problem seems difficult to solve. What should I do?” thought Archimedes. Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water. When he got into the bath, some water ran over. “Eureka! That’s it!” shouted Archimedes. “I know how to solve the king’s problem!” Archimedes went straight to the palace to see the king. First, he weighed the crown and asked the king for some gold of the same weight. Next, he put two pots into two big bowls and filled both pots with water. He put the gold into one pot, and some water ran into the bowl. Then he put the crown into the other pot. This time, even more water ran into the bowl. “Look at this,” said Archimedes to King Hiero. “A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, so I know it’s definitely not completely made of gold.” “The crown maker fooled me, didn’t he? What a bad man he is!” shouted King Hiero. He then sent the crown maker to prison, and he praised Archimedes for his clever discovery. Archimedes and the golden crown Pre-reading Title Pictures Look at the title and the pictures. What may happen in the story? _______________________________________________________________ Archimedes may take a bath. Archimedes may use two pots to do an experiment. speeach bubble “I found it!” he shouted... take a bath run over displace bath gold golden crown pot bowl was displaced of the same weight more water While-reading Skim Read the story quickly. How many parts can you divide the story into? King Hiero asked a crown maker to make a crown for him. King Hiero doubted whether the crown was completely made of gold and asked Archimedes to test it. Archimedes discovered that things could displace water when taking a bath. Archimedes showed King Hiero that the crown wasn’t completely made of gold through an experiment. King Hiero was so angry that he put the crown maker into prison. 1 These pictures show the story on page 21. Put the pictures in the correct order(1-8). 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 You have learnt Archimedes’ principle（阿基米德原理）in your physics class. Look at the pictures and discuss the question below. What are the applications（应用） of Archimedes’ principle in daily life? True or False 1. King Hiero doubted the crown’s material after showing it to his son. 2. Archimedes figured out the solution to the problem before he took a bath. 3. Archimedes prepared two bowls and two empty pots to do the experiment. 4. The mixed-metal crown took up more space than the same-weight pure gold. 5. The crown maker added other metal to the crown to make it lighter. 6. The king punished the dishonest craftsman and admired Archimedes’ wisdom finally. 1. Why did King Hiero send the golden crown to Archimedes? A. To ask Archimedes to make a new crown. B. To find out if the crown was made completely of gold. C. To let Archimedes enjoy the nice crown. D. To ask Archimedes to weigh the crown. 2. When did Archimedes get the idea to solve the king’s problem? A. When he was talking with the prince. B. When he was taking a bath and water ran over. C. When he was working in the palace. D. When he was putting gold into the pot. 3. What did Archimedes use to compare with the crown in his experiment? A. Some gold of the same weight as the crown. B. Some water from the king’s bath. C. Another crown made by the same maker. D. Two big empty bowls. 4. What can we infer about the crown maker from the story? A. He was very clever and honest. B. He used more gold than the king gave him. C. He cheated King Hiero when making the crown. D. He became a good friend of Archimedes later. 5. What can we learn about Archimedes from the story? A. He liked taking long baths every day. B. He was good at observing and thinking. C. He wanted to become a king in Syracuse. D. He made lots of golden crowns for the king. While-reading Read for details Read the story again. Find the answers to the following questions. Why did King Hiero send the crown to Archimedes? What happened when Archimedes got into bath? How did Archimedes discover that the crown was not made completely of gold? Why was Archimedes able to make this discovery? 2 Read the story again and answer the questions below. (1)Why did King Hiero send the crown to Archimedes? Because he doubted if the crown was made completely of gold and wanted Archimedes to find out the truth. However, he began to doubt whether it was a real golden crown. "Is it made completely of gold?“ he wondered. He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the truth. (2)What happened when Archimedes got into the bath? Some water ran over from the bath. When he got into the bath, some water ran over. (3)How did Archimedes discover that the crown was not made completely of gold? He compared the crown with pure gold of the same weight. The crown displaced more water than the gold, so he knew it was not pure gold. Look at this,“ said Archimedes to King Hiero. “A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal. This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight, so I know it's definitely not completely made of gold.” (4)Why was Archimedes able to make this discovery? He was good at thinking and observing in daily lives, he could get inspiration and find ways to solve problems. What is the main idea of the story? And what can we learn from the story？ The story mainly tells us that Archimedes found out the king's golden crown was not made of pure gold. He got useful inspiration when bathing and used the water displacement method to prove the truth. From the story, we learn that we should keep thinking and observing carefully. We can find good ways to solve problems from small things in daily life. ... ... Your ideas Do you know of any other wise people like Archimedes? What problem did he/she solve? How did he/she solve it? Lu Ban was a great ancient craftsman. People had trouble cutting wood easily and quickly long ago. He observed leaves with sharp teeth hurted us easily and invented the saw. He got ideas from nature and created many useful tools. 语篇填空 One day in the ancient (Greece) city of Syracuse, King Hiero (ask) a crown maker (make) him a fancy golden crown. At first, he was very (satisfy) with it. “It’s a nice crown, isn’t it?” he asked his son, the prince. Later, , he (begin) to doubt whether it was a real golden crown. “Is it (make) .(complete) of gold?” he wondered. He (send) it Archimedes and asked him to find out the (true). “This problem (seem) difficult (solve). What should I do?” (think)Archimedes. Greek asked to make nice In the beginning satisfied happy fancy the King’s son however began became not sure if made completely wanted to know sent to truth seems to solve thought Archimedes was still (think) about this problem as he filled his bath with water. When he (get) into the bath, some water ran over. “Eureka! That’s it!” (shout) Archimedes. “I know to solve the (king) problem!” Archimedes (go) straight to the palace (see) the king. First, he (weigh) the crown and asked the king some gold (相同重量). Next, he put two (pot) into two big bowls and filled both pots water. He put the gold into one pot, and some water ran into bowl. thinking when made...full of... got flow out shouted cried how work out king’s went directly to see weighed for of the same weight pots with the was displaced Then he (put) the crown into pot. This time, even more water ran into the bowl. “Look at this,” (say) Archimedes to King Hiero. “A crown made completely gold displaces (little)_water than a crown made of gold and another metal. This crown . (displace)more water than gold of the same (weigh), so I know it’s (definite) not completely made of gold.” “The crown maker (fool) me, didn’t he? a bad man he is!” shouted King Hiero. He then (send) the crown (make) to prison, and he (praise) Archimedes for his clever (discover). put the other Take/Have a look at said of less displaced weight definitely fooled cheated What How bad the man is! sent maker praised discovery 翻译短语 1.be satisfied with 2.be made of 3.find out the truth 4. think about 5.fill…with 6.ran over 7.go straight to 8.put into 9. send…to prison 10.praise…for 对…感到满意 由…制成 查明真相 思考，考虑 用…装满 溢出；漫出 径直前往 把…放入 把…关进监狱 因…称赞 Archimedes is one of the most famous scientists, mathematicians and inventors in ancient Greece. He lived in the city of Syracuse and was admired by people around him for his great 1._______(wise)and sharp mind. The story of the golden crown is widely known. King Hiero once ordered a crown maker to make a fancy golden crown. At first, the king was 2.______(satisfy)with its look, 3._____ he soon doubted whether it was completely made of real gold. He asked Archimedes to find out the 4._____(true). The problem seemed hard 5._____ (solve) at first. One day, when Archimedes filled his bath with water and stepped into it, lots of water ran over. He suddenly got 6._____ wonderful idea. He did many careful experiments and finally proved the crown was mixed with other metals. The crown maker fooled the king and 7.________(send) to prison. Besides this great 8.______(discover), Archimedes achieved a lot in different fields. He put forward many important 9.______ (theory) and invented many useful tools. His works have greatly influenced the development of science. Even today, thousands of years later, people still respect him. He teaches us to observe life carefully and think 10.______(brave). wisdom to solve was sent theories bravely discovery satisfied truth but a While-reading While-reading fooled satisfied with filled with went straight Post-reading Retell the story bath bowl crown displace metal fill ... with gold of the same weight run over Post-reading Role-play Setting: In the palace hall. King Hiero is holding a golden crown. King Hiero: Look at this crown, my son. Isn’t it beautiful? At first, I was very satisfied with it. Prince: It’s very nice, Father. King Hiero: But now I doubt it. Is it really made completely of gold? I need to know the truth. Prince: Who can help us, Father? King Hiero: Archimedes is the cleverest man in Greece. I’ll send for him. Example: Post-reading Further discussion If you were King Hiero, what would you do with the crown maker? What do you think of Archimedes? Why? I think Archimedes was very clever because he solved the king’s problem wisely in a short time. Besides, he was very good at observing details in life, as he discovered the truth while taking a bath. If I were King Hiero, I wouldn’t kill the crown maker at once. Instead, I would ask him whether he has difficulty in his life. If so, I would offer him some help and ask him not to cheat anyone else in the future. Further thinking Do you know any other wise people like Archimedes? What problem did he / she solve? How did he / she solve it? The discovery of penicillin （青霉素的发现） Alexander Fleming（亚历山大・弗莱明） Influences of great ideas Where great ideas come from Discovered penicillin, which saved millions of lives Penicillin was discovered by accident when Fleming forgot to clean his lab dish The invention of the light bulb Thomas Edison Influences of great ideas Where great ideas come from Hard work and experiments：Edison tried over 1,000 materials before developing a working light bulb The light bulb changed how people live and work after dark Influences of great ideas The Internet changed how people communicate, learn, work and share information. Where great ideas come from Cooperation and problem-solving: Scientists worked together to build a global network for sharing data. The invention of the Internet (互联网的发明） Tim Berners-Lee（蒂姆・伯纳斯-李） Wise people like Archimedes can come up with great ideas because they never give up when facing difficult problems. They keep thinking carefully and observing the world around them closely. These great people share many good qualities. First, they are curious and love asking questions. Second, they are patient and keep trying until they find the answers. Third, they are careful observers—they notice small things that others may miss. Finally, they are brave enough to think in new ways. These qualities help them solve difficult problems and make great discoveries. Further thinking Why can these wise people come up with great ideas? What qualities do they have in common? Thank you！ 54 Lavf57.83.100 Blues 144776.92 $