内容正文:
Unit 3 A Taste of Art
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一、艺术创作与鉴赏:
1.brushstroke( n. 一笔;一划) This painter’s every brushstroke shows great skill.(这位画家的每一笔都尽显高超技艺。)
2.scene (景色;情景) The painting shows a peaceful scene of a lake.(这幅画描绘了湖泊宁静的景色。)
3.beauty (美人;美丽) We can enjoy the beauty of Chinese traditional paintings.(我们可以领略中国国画之美。)
4.porcelain (瓷器) This piece of fine porcelain comes from ancient China.(这件精美的瓷器产自古代中国。)
5.china (瓷;瓷器) Many families love collecting beautiful china.(许多家庭喜爱收藏精美的瓷器。)
6.version (版本) This is a new version of the old Chinese painting.(这是这幅古画的新版本。)
7.model (模型) This small model shows the shape of the old building.(这个小模型展示出这座古建筑的样貌。)
8.pity(n. 遗憾) It is a great pity that the rare artwork was damaged.(这件珍稀艺术品遭到损毁,真是一大遗憾。)
二、人物与职业:
1.postman(邮递员) The postman brings letters and parcels to our door every day.(邮递员每天把信件和包裹送到我们家门口。)
2.boss(老板;上司) His boss encourages him to create more new works.(他的老板鼓励他创作更多新作品。)
3.sculptor (雕塑家) The sculptor spent years finishing this great work.(这位雕塑家花费数年完成了这件伟大的作品。)
4.calligrapher n. 书法家 The famous calligrapher wrote many valuable works.(这位著名书法家留下了许多珍贵作品。)
5.model(n.模特) The young girl works as a model for the painter.(这位年轻女孩担任这位画家的模特。)
6.copy(复制品) This is just a copy, not the original painting.(这仅仅是一件复制品,并不是画作原作。)
三、自然、食物与健康:
1.pond(池塘) There are some small fish swimming in the quiet pond.(有一些小鱼在安静的池塘里游来游去。)
2.sunflower(向日葵) The bright sunflower turns towards the sun in summer.(夏日里明亮的向日葵朝着太阳转动。)
3.starry(布满星星的) We enjoyed the beautiful view under a starry sky.(我们在繁星满天的夜空下欣赏美景。)
4.passion(激情;热爱) She has a great passion for traditional Chinese art.(她对中国传统艺术怀有极大的热爱。)
5.shrimp(虾) We cooked fresh shrimp for our family dinner.(我们为家庭晚餐烹饪了新鲜的虾。)
6.diet(节食;规定饮食) She keeps a healthy diet to stay energetic.(她保持健康的规定饮食来维持精力。)
7.skin(皮肤;皮) Too much sunshine is bad for your skin.(过多日晒对你的皮肤有害。)
四、动作行为:
1.burst(冲;(使)爆裂;迸发) The young artist burst with creative ideas.(这位年轻艺术家迸发源源不断的创作灵感。)
2.empty(adj空的;v.倒空) He began to empty the old box full of art tools.(他开始倒空那个装满美术工具的旧箱子。)
3.cover...in(覆盖) The ground is covered in thick white snow in winter.(冬天地面被厚厚的白雪覆盖。)
4.knock(敲(门/窗);碰撞;敲击) Someone is knocking at the gallery door.(有人正在敲美术馆的门。)
5.model( v. 做模特儿;模拟)She used to model for a famous artist.(她曾经为一位知名艺术家做模特。) Scientists model the ancient artmaking process on the computer.(科学家在电脑上模拟古代艺术品的制作过程。)
6.combine v.(使)结合;(使)组合 We should combine traditional art with modern ideas.(我们应当把传统艺术与现代理念相结合。)
7.recreate (v.使再现) The film tries to recreate the ancient art scene.(这部影片尽力再现古代艺术场景。)
8.copy (v. 模仿;复制;n.复制品) He made a careful copy of the ancient artwork.(他精心复制了这件古代艺术品。)
9.pity(n. & v.遗憾;同情)We pity the artist who lost his great painting.(我们对那位丢失珍贵画作的艺术家感到同情。)
五、描述与对比:
1.opposite(截然相反的;对立的) His artistic idea is opposite to mine.(他的艺术观点和我的截然相反。)
2.noisy(喧闹的;吵闹的) The studio next door is really noisy.(隔壁的工作室十分喧闹。)
3.lifelike(生动的,逼真的) The stone statue is so lifelike that it looks real.(这座石雕像十分逼真,看上去如同真人。)
4.artistic (美术的;艺术的) She has a strong artistic sense for traditional culture.(她对传统文化有着浓厚的艺术感悟。)
5.rare (稀有的;罕见的) It is hard to find such a rare art work today.(如今很难找到如此稀有的艺术品。)
6.original (原始的;最初的) Few people have seen the original painting.(很少有人见过这幅画的原作。)
7.perfectly (完美地;完全地) The artist perfectly drew the colours of sunset.(这位艺术家完美地画出了落日的色彩。)
8.commonly (通常;一般) This kind of skill was commonly seen in old times.(这种技艺在过去十分常见。)
9.apart (adv. 除外;分开) The two art styles stand apart from each other.(这两种艺术风格彼此区分开来。)
10.within(在……时间之内;不到……) The sculptor finished the wonderful work within one year.(这位雕塑家在一年之内完成了这件绝妙的作品。)
六、学校与日常物品:
1.lab(实验室) Scientists study the old porcelain in the lab.(科学家们在实验室里研究这件古老的瓷器。)
2.packet(小件包裹;小袋) The postman delivered a packet of art materials.(邮递员送来了一小包美术材料。)
3.chalk(粉笔) He drew a lifelike picture on the blackboard with chalk.(他用粉笔在黑板上画了一幅逼真的画。)
短
语
一、动词短语
1.burst out of...(从……冲出来/爆发出来) The horses in the painting seem to burst out of the paper.(画中的马匹仿佛要从纸面上奔腾而出。)
2.have ... in common with...(与……有共同之处) Chinese calligraphy has much in common with traditional paintings.(中国书法与传统绘画有许多共同之处。)
3.combine…with…(把……与……相结合) Xu Beihong combined Chinese painting skills with Western techniques.(徐悲鸿把中国画技法与西方技巧相结合。)
4.be influenced by(受……的影响) This artist’s works are influenced by ancient folk art.(这位艺术家的作品受到古代民间艺术的影响。)
5.bring sb on a journey(带某人开启一段旅程) The long scroll painting brings us on a journey through old China.(这幅长卷轴画带我们开启一段旧中国的旅程。)
6.cover...in(覆盖) The whole wall was covered in beautiful Chinese paintings.(整面墙被美丽的中国画所覆盖。)
7.fit perfectly with(与……完美契合) The modern glass pyramid fits perfectly with the old buildings.(这座现代玻璃金字塔与古老的建筑完美契合。)
8.expect sb. to do sth.(期待某人做某事) Many people expect young artists to create more great works.(许多人期待年轻艺术家创作出更多优秀的作品。)
9.fail to do sth.(未能做某事;做某事失败) Wang Xizhi failed to recreate the perfect style of Lanting Xu again.(王羲之未能再次重现《兰亭序》那种完美的风格。)
10.stand out(突出;脱颖而出) Among all the art works, his porcelain pieces stand out.(在所有艺术品当中,他的瓷器作品脱颖而出。)
11.view ... as ...(把……视为…… / 认为……是……) Chinese people view calligraphy as one of the highest forms of art.(中国人把书法视作最高的艺术形式之一。)
12.develop one’s artistic senses(培养艺术感知力) Copying famous paintings helps students develop their artistic senses.(临摹名画有助于学生培养他们的艺术感知力。)
13.come across(偶然遇见;碰到) You may come across people writing calligraphy in the city park.(你可能会在城市公园里偶遇写书法的人。)
14.be meant to do sth.(旨在做某事;目的是做某事) This piece of art is meant to show the beauty of nature.(这件艺术品旨在展现大自然之美。)
15.drop by(顺便拜访;顺路到访) We plan to drop by the art museum on our way home.(我们打算回家的路上顺路去参观美术馆。)
16.show the passion and feelings(展现激情与情感) Great paintings show the passion and feelings of the artist.(伟大的画作展现艺术家的激情与情感。)
二、名词短语
1.landscape paintings(山水画) These landscape paintings show the quiet beauty of Chinese mountains and rivers.(这些山水画展现出中国山水静谧之美。)
2.extra tickets(多余的票;额外的票) I have two extra tickets for the art museum exhibition.(我有两张美术馆展览的多余门票。)
3.empty areas(空白区域) The painter left some empty areas on the paper for people to imagine.(画家在纸上留下一些空白区域留给人们想象。)
4.the original version(原作;原版) The original version of Lanting Xu is no longer available to us.(《兰亭序》的原作我们已经无法见到。)
5.short brushstrokes(短促的笔触) Van Gogh used short brushstrokes to create his wonderful paintings.(梵高运用短促的笔触创作出他绝妙的画作。)
6.thick paint(厚重的颜料) He put thick paint on the canvas to make the picture lively.(他在画布上涂上厚重的颜料,让画作栩栩如生。)
三、不定式结构:
1.be interested to do sth(有兴趣做某事) Many visitors are interested to learn more about Chinese porcelain.(许多游客有兴趣了解更多关于中国瓷器的知识。)
2.in order to do sth.(为了做某事) He practises calligraphy every day in order to improve his skills.(他每天练习书法,为了提升自己的技艺。)
3.be shocked to do sth.(对做某事感到震惊) People are shocked to hear about the high price of the old porcelain bowl.(人们听闻这只古瓷碗的高昂价格感到震惊。)
4.be thought to be(被认为是……) The Lanting Xu is thought to be a great treasure of Chinese calligraphy.(《兰亭序》被认为是中国书法的一大瑰宝。)
三、介词短语:
1.at the end of...(在……结束时) At the end of the party, Wang Xizhi wrote the famous Lanting Xu.(宴会结束时,王羲之写下了著名的《兰亭序》。)
2.apart from(除……之外) Apart from its artistic value, the porcelain also has a long history.(除了艺术价值之外,这件瓷器还有悠久的历史。)
3.against the background of(在……的背景之下) Against the background of busy modern city life, the garden feels peaceful.(在繁忙现代都市生活的背景之下,这座园林显得宁静安逸。)
4.for sure(确切地;肯定地) We cannot know for sure what the artist was thinking at that time.(我们无法确切知道那位艺术家当时在想什么。)
5.in all its beauty(尽显它全部的美) Van Gogh painted the sunflower in all its beauty in his famous work.(梵高在他的名作中将向日葵尽显全部的美描绘出来。)
6.on show(在展出;陈列) Many of Van Gogh’s great paintings are on show in this museum.(梵高的许多杰出画作正在这座博物馆展出。)
17.instead of doing sth(代替;而不是做某事) He chose to draw with ink instead of using colourful paint.(他选择用墨作画,而不是使用彩色颜料。)
实
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一、表达观点、推测与认知:
1.Nobody knows for sure. (没有人确切知道。)
2.I came to learn that... (我了解到……)
3.While I still don't understand enough about..., I began to see... (尽管我对……依旧了解不多,但我开始领略……)
二、描述事物与评价:
1....is thought to be... (……被认为是……)
2.But the only way to understand its value is to look at its beauty. (但了解其价值的唯一途径是欣赏它的美。)
3.It is a special place to experience... (这是一个感受……的特别之地。)
三、描述经历与动作:
1.You may even come across... (你甚至可能遇见……)
2.Many artists over the centuries have tried and failed to achieve this effect. (几个世纪以来,许多艺术家尝试过但未能达到这种效果。)
3.He then tried to recreate..., but he found it impossible to do so. (之后他试图重现……,但他发现这根本做不到。)
4.Doing so not only helps them to..., but also develops... (这样做不仅帮助他们……,还培养……)
4、 解释原因与背景:
1.That must be why... (那一定就是……的原因!)
2.Against the background of..., ...provides quite the opposite experience. (在……的背景下,……带来了截然不同的体验。)
3.This was when... (就在这时/那是在……时候)
4.With a painting like..., we can see... (透过像……这样的画作,我们可以看到……)
5、 描述习惯与时间:
1....used to be..., but now... (……过去总是……,但现在……)
2....should be back within 10 minutes... (……应该十分钟之内就会回来……)
3.It was not until... that... (直到……才……)
4.Every guest was expected to... (每位宾客都被要求……)
语法
动词不定式
写作
介绍一位艺术家
一、知识点精讲
1. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ v.(使)结合;(使)组合
【句型】
(1)作动词 v.
①combine A and B 把A和B结合
The artist combines bright colours and dark lines in his paintings.(这位艺术家在画作中将明亮的色彩与深色线条结合。)
②combine…with… 把……与……相结合
Xu Beihong combined Chinese painting skills with Western art methods.(徐悲鸿把中国画技法和西方艺术手法相结合。)
③combine to do sth. 共同促成/联合起来做某事
Different artistic elements combine to make the work special.(不同的艺术元素相结合,使这件作品别具一格。)
(2)派生词
combination n. 结合;组合物
a combination of ……的结合
This painting is a combination of tradition and creativity.(这幅画作是传统与创新的结合。)
2.lifelike /ˈlaɪflaɪk/ adj. 生动的;逼真的
【构词】life(生命)+like(像……的)→ 栩栩如生的
【句型】
①作表语
The shrimps in Qi Baishi’s paintings are so lifelike.(齐白石画作里的虾十分栩栩如生。)
②作定语,修饰名词
The sculptor created a lifelike statue of the artist.(这位雕塑家创作了一尊这位艺术家的逼真雕像。)
【拓展同后缀like形容词】 childlike adj. 孩子般的;birdlike adj. 像鸟一样的
【词义辨析】 lifelike /lively
①lifelike adj. 逼真的,栩栩如生的 (侧重艺术品、模型、塑像等,仿真度高,像真的实物)
The lifelike sculpture looks like a reallife person. 这座栩栩如生的雕塑看上去如同真人。
②lively adj. 充满活力的;生动的;热闹的(可修饰人、动物、气氛、画作风格,指富有生气、灵气,不是 “仿真”)
She is a lively girl who loves painting. 她是一个热爱绘画的活泼女孩。
The lively colours make the whole painting warm. 鲜活的色彩让整幅画作暖意融融。
We enjoyed the lively atmosphere at the art show. 我们沉浸于画展上热闹活跃的氛围中。
助记口诀:
lifelike 像实物,lively 有活气
3.opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adj. 截然相反的;对立的 n. 对立面;反面
【句型】
(1) 作形容词 adj.
①be opposite to… 与……相反(常作表语)
His art idea is opposite to mine.(他的艺术理念与我的截然相反。)
②作定语,放在名词前,“相反的;对面的”
We sat on opposite sides of the hall.(我们坐在大厅相对的两边。)
(2) 作名词 n. 对立面,反面
①the opposite of … ……的对立面
Good is the opposite of bad.(善是恶的对立面。)
②just the opposite 恰恰相反
Some say old paintings are boring. Just the opposite, they are full of life and feelings.(有些人说古画很乏味。恰恰相反,它们充满生机与情感。)
(3)opposite 介词:在…… 对面(表地点位置),后面直接接名词,不加 to。
介词 opposite + 地点名词:在…… 对面(位置)
The bank is opposite the supermarket. 银行在超市对面。
【变形】oppositely adv. 相反地
He behaved oppositely to what I had expected. (他的行为与我预期的截然相反。)
【辨析】形容词opposite vs opposing
①opposite adj. 相反的;对面的;另一边的;迥然不同的(客观描述:位置相反、事物/观点截然相反,中性,不含对抗、敌意。)
opposite views 截然相反的观点(只是看法不一样,不一定互相攻击)
the opposite side 对面;另一方
例句: His opinion is the opposite of mine. 他的观点和我的截然相反。
②opposing adj. 相反的;对立的;对抗的;相竞争的;极不相同的 (强调对抗性、相互博弈、立场冲突,带有竞争、对立、对抗色彩。)
opposing teams 对阵的两队(比赛对抗)
opposing forces 敌对势力
opposing sides 对立双方(争执、博弈中的两方)
例句: The opposing artists held totally different ideas about art. 持对立立场的艺术家们对艺术持有完全不同的看法。
关键区分:
只讲“相反、对面”,单纯客观对比 → opposite
强调“互相抗衡、对抗、争斗” → opposing
易混对比句
① They hold opposite opinions. 他们观点相反。(单纯想法不一样,不一定吵架)
② They are opposing groups. 他们是相互对立的团体。(暗含立场冲突、互相抗衡)
4.empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的;v. 倒空;清空
【句型】
(1) 作形容词 adj. 空的
①作表语
The empty areas on the painting leave space for people’s imagination.(画作上的空白区域为人们的想象留下了空间。)
②作定语,修饰名词
There is an empty hall for the new art show.(有一间空旷的大厅用于这场新的艺术展。)
(2) 作动词 v. 倒空;清空
①empty sth 把某物倒空
He emptied the bowl before he left.(他离开前把碗倒空了。)
②empty … out 把……全部倒出、清空
She emptied out her bag to look for the ticket to the exhibition.(她把包全部倒出来寻找展览门票。)
【变形】 emptiness n. 空旷;空虚
①(空间)空旷、空阔
The emptiness in the drawing creates a quiet feeling. 画作中的空旷留白营造出一种静谧的意境。
②(内心)空虚、落寞
He felt a sense of emptiness after he finished his great work. 完成伟大作品之后,他内心感到一阵空虚。
5.cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ v. 覆盖;遮盖;包含;行走(距离);报道 n. 封面;盖子
【句型】
(1)作动词 v.
① cover A with B 用B把A盖住(主动)
She covered the table with a piece of silk.(她用一块丝绸盖住桌子。)
② be covered with … 被……覆盖(状态,布满,可看得见缝隙)
The ground is covered with fallen leaves.(地上铺满落叶。)
③ cover…in… 被……厚厚覆盖
The wall was covered in beautiful old paintings.(墙上铺满精美的古画。)
④ 包含;涉及
This book covers Chinese traditional art.(这本书涵盖中国传统艺术。)
⑤ 行走(一段路程)
We covered ten kilometres to visit the art museum.(我们走了十公里去参观美术馆。)
⑥ 采访;报道
The reporter covered the art show last week.(记者上周报道了这场艺术展。)
(2)作名词 n.
① 封面 the cover of the magazine 杂志封面
This painting appears on the cover.(这幅画出现在封面上。)
② 盖子
Put the cover on the box.(把盖子盖在盒子上。)
【辨析】
①be covered with 被……覆盖(强调状态,东西散落在表面)
The mountain is covered with snow.(山上覆盖着白雪。)
② be covered in 厚厚沾满、铺满(厚厚的一层)
His hands were covered in paint.(他双手沾满颜料。)
③ be covered by 被……覆盖(常用于抽象概念、保险、范围等)
The cost is covered by the insurance.(费用由保险承担。)
The whole area is covered by the signal.(整个区域都被信号覆盖了。)
【变形】 covering n. 覆盖物;遮蔽层 (侧重铺在表面的一层东西,贴在表面,可以是薄的也可以是厚的物质)
The stone needs a special covering to protect it from the rain.(这块石头需要一层特殊覆盖物来防雨。)
6.perfectly /ˈpɜːfɪktli/ adv. 完美地;完全地
【句型】
①修饰动词:do sth perfectly 完美地做某事
The sculptor finished the statue perfectly.(这位雕塑家完美地完成了这座雕像。)
②修饰形容词 perfectly + adj. 完全地;十分
The copy is perfectly lifelike.(这件复制品十分逼真。)
【词形拓展】
①perfect adj. 完美的;极好的
It is a perfect chance to enjoy traditional Chinese art.(这是欣赏中国传统艺术的绝佳机会。)
No painting is perfect.(没有哪一幅画作是完美的。)
②perfect /pəˈfekt/v. 使完美;使完善
The calligrapher practised for years to perfect his handwriting.(这位书法家练习多年来完善自己的书法。)
③perfection /pəˈfekʃn/ n. 完美;尽善尽美
▶reach perfection 达到完美
The artist tried to reach perfection in every brushstroke.(这位艺术家力求每一笔都做到尽善尽美。)
▶to perfection 完美地
She copied the old painting to perfection.(她把这幅古画临摹得惟妙惟肖。)
【补充提示】
同形异音: 形容词 perfect /ˈpɜːfɪkt/;动词 perfect /pəˈfekt/
【辨析】perfectly / very
①perfectly:两层含义,“完美地”;“完全、十足”,带有达到理想状态的意味。
The picture is perfectly lifelike.(这幅画十分逼真。)
②very:普通程度副词,“非常”,仅用来加强程度,无“完美”含义。
The picture is very lifelike.(这幅画非常逼真。)
7.diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 节食;规定饮食;日常食物 v. 节食
【句型】
(1) 作名词 n.
▶n. 日常饮食(泛指,不可数)指一个人长期的饮食习惯,笼统概念
Diet is very important for our health.(饮食对我们的健康很重要。)
▶n.(一套)规定饮食 / 特定饮食 / 节食(可数,a diet)
①go on a diet 节食;开始控制饮食
例句:She decides to go on a diet to keep healthy.(她决定节食来保持健康。)
②be on a diet 正在节食(比 go on a diet 更强调“处于节食状态”)
例句:Sorry, I can't eat this cake; I'm on a diet.(抱歉,我不能吃这块蛋糕,我正在节食。)
③a balanced diet 均衡饮食
例句:Artists need a balanced diet to keep energetic for creation.(艺术家需要均衡饮食,保持创作的精力。)
④a healthy diet 健康饮食
例句:A healthy diet is good for skin.(健康的饮食对皮肤有益。)
(2) 作动词 v. 节食
例句:He is dieting to become thinner.(他正在节食减肥。)
diet on sth. 靠吃……节食 / 以……为日常饮食
例句:He had to diet on rice and vegetables for a month.(他不得不靠吃米饭和蔬菜节食一个月。)
【词形拓展】 dietary adj. 饮食的
We should pay attention to our dietary habits.(我们应当注意自己的饮食习惯。)
【易混辨析】diet / food
①diet:侧重日常饮食习惯、为健康控制的饮食;固定搭配 go on a diet 节食
We should pay attention to our diet.(我们应当注意饮食。)
②food:泛指一切可以吃的食物
We bought lots of food in the market.(我们在市场买了很多食物。)
8.rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀有的;罕见的
【句型】
(1) 作形容词 adj.
①作表语
This kind of old porcelain bowl is very rare.(这种古瓷碗十分稀有。)
②作定语,修饰名词
It is a rare work of Chinese traditional art.(这是一件珍贵稀有的中国传统艺术作品。)
(2) 常用句型:It is rare for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是很少见的
It is rare for young artists to get such great success.(年轻艺术家能取得如此巨大的成就实属难得。)
【词形拓展】 rarely adv. 很少;罕见地(否定含义,放句首句子要部分倒装)
He rarely visits art museums.(他很少去参观美术馆。)
Rarely does he show his works to the public.(他很少向公众展示自己的作品。)
【易混辨析】rare / scarce
①rare:侧重事物本身稀少、珍贵,不容易得到,多指珍宝、动植物、机会
a rare animal 珍稀动物;a rare chance 难得的机会
②scarce:侧重“供应不足,短缺”,因物资匮乏造成缺少
Water became scarce during the dry season.(旱季水资源变得短缺。)
9. commonly /ˈkɒmənli/ adv. 通常;一般;普遍地
【句型】
①修饰动词,放实义动词之前,be动词之后
This kind of porcelain is commonly seen in old museums.(这种瓷器在古老博物馆中很常见。)
②commonlyknown 副词 + 过去分词 → 复合形容词,作定语(放名词前)
It is a commonlyknown fact that Qi Baishi is good at painting shrimps.(齐白石擅长画虾是众所周知的事实。)
【辨析】commonly / usually
①commonly:侧重“普遍、广为、一般地”,强调社会、范围上普遍存在。
This plant is commonly found in mountains.(这种植物在山里随处可见。)
②usually:侧重“通常、平常”,多指个人习惯性动作。
He usually visits art shows on weekends.(他通常周末去看艺术展。)
【词形拓展】
① common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 普通的;常见的
▶作定语
Landscape paintings are a common form of Chinese traditional art.(山水画是一种常见的中国传统艺术形式。)
▶作表语
This kind of clay is very common in this area.(这种黏土在这个地区十分常见。)
▶固定搭配:in common 共同;共有 (短语内 common 为抽象名词,仅用于该短语,不单独使用)
The two painters have much in common.(这两位画家有许多共同之处。)
② uncommon /ʌnˈkɒmən/ adj. 不常见的;罕见的
▶作定语
It is an uncommon porcelain work from the Song Dynasty.(这是一件罕见的宋代瓷器作品。)
▶作表语
It is uncommon for such a young man to master old painting skills.(这么年轻就掌握古老绘画技艺是不多见的。)
③commonness /ˈkɒmənnəs/ n. 普通;平常
▶作主语 The commonness of this material makes it widely used by artists.(这种材料的普遍性让它被艺术家广泛使用。)
▶作宾语 He found beauty in the commonness of daily life.(他从日常生活的平凡之中发现美。)
10.artistic /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adj. 美术的;艺术的;有艺术天赋的
【句型】
①作定语,修饰名词(最常用)
▶artistic value 艺术价值
This building possesses high artistic value.(这座建筑拥有很高的艺术价值。)
▶artistic senses 艺术感知力
Practising calligraphy can help us develop our artistic senses.(练习书法可以帮助我们培养艺术感知力。)
▶artistic style 艺术风格
Every great painter has his own special artistic style.(每一位伟大的画家都拥有自己独特的艺术风格。)
②作表语,描述人“有艺术天赋的”
The little girl is very artistic.(这个小女孩很有艺术天赋。)
【派生词】派生词链条:art → artist → artistic → artistically
①art n. 艺术;美术
Chinese art is getting more popular in foreign countries. (中国艺术在国外越来越受欢迎。)
②artist n. 艺术家;画家
The artist spent three years finishing this landscape painting. (这位艺术家花了三年时间完成这幅山水画。)
③artistic adj. 艺术的;有艺术天赋的
This work has high artistic value. (这件作品拥有很高的艺术价值。)
④artistically adv. 在艺术方面;富有艺术地 ( 通常用来修饰动作或表示“在艺术方面/手法上”)
例句:The old building is designed artistically.(这座古建筑在艺术设计上颇具匠心。 )
11.stand out 突出;脱颖而出;引人注目(动词短语,无被动)
【句型】
①(人)脱颖而出
Among many young painters, she stands out for her special artistic style. (在众多年轻画家中,她凭借独特的艺术风格脱颖而出。)
②(事物)显眼、引人注目
The bright-coloured painting stands out against the white wall.(这幅色彩鲜艳的画作在白墙的映衬下格外醒目。)
【拓展搭配】
①stand out for sth 因……而出众
This sculpture stands out for its lifelike appearance.(这座雕塑因其栩栩如生的外观而格外引人注目。)
②stand out from… 从……之中凸显出来
His works stand out from other traditional paintings. (他的作品在其他传统绘画当中脱颖而出。)
【辨析】
stand out:凸显、引人注目(自身特质突出)
stand for:代表;象征
The dove stands for peace. 鸽子象征和平。
【同义替换】stand out = be noticeable 引人注目
The red brushstrokes stand out in this painting. = The red brushstrokes are noticeable in this painting. (红色笔触在这幅画中十分引人注目。)
小提示:
stand out:不及物动词短语,无被动,它描述事物本身特质造成 “凸显、显眼”,侧重“主动凸显、跳出来”。
be noticeable:系表结构,noticeable 是形容词,侧重“能够被轻易看见、察觉到,不一定有强烈对比。”。
The change is noticeable. 这一变化显而易见。
12.in order to do sth. 释义:为了做某事(表目的状语)
【句型】
①in order to do sth. 置于句首或句中,后接动词原形
In order to improve his artistic senses, he visits art museums every month. (为了提升自己的艺术感知力,他每个月都去参观美术馆。)
He practises calligraphy every day in order to polish his skills. (他每天练习书法,为了打磨自己的技艺。)
②否定:in order not to do sth. 为了不做某事
She kept quiet in order not to wake up the sleeping baby. (她保持安静,为了不吵醒熟睡的婴儿。)
【同义转换】
①in order to do = to do(不定式表目的,to do更简洁)
In order to learn Chinese painting, he found a teacher. = To learn Chinese painting, he found a teacher. (为了学习中国画,他找了一位老师。)
②in order to do ≠ in order that + 从句(that后接完整句子,有主语谓语)
He studies hard in order that he can become an artist. (他努力学习,为了他能够成为一名艺术家。)
【易混辨析】in order to do/so as to do sth.
①in order to do:句首、句中都可以用
Many artists travel around the country in order to get more creative ideas. (许多艺术家周游全国,为了获得更多创作灵感。)
②so as to do:只能放在句中,不能放句首
He got up early so as to catch the bus. (他起得很早,为了赶上公交车。)
【注意】
in order to 是目的状语结构,to 为不定式符号,后接动词原形,不接动名词(doing)。
否定形式 in order not to do,not放在to前面;
同义句转换:in order to ↔ to do;in order that从句。
13.recreate /ˌriːkriˈeɪt/ v. 使再现;重现;再造
(re- 前缀:再、重新 + create 创造 → recreate v. 使再现;重现)
【句型】
①recreate sth 重现/再现某物
He tried to recreate the original style of the old calligrapher. (他试图重现这位古代书法家原本的风格。)
②recreate sth from… 根据……重现某物
Scientists recreate the ancient scene from these old paintings. (科学家依据这些古画重现古时的景象。)
【词形拓展】create:创造(从无到有) creation n. 创作;作品 creative adj. 有创造力的 creator n. 创作者;创造者
① create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创造;创作(从无到有)
The artist creates wonderful works with simple brushstrokes. (这位艺术家用简单的笔触创作出精彩的作品。)
② ion 名词后缀 → creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创作;作品
This porcelain bowl is a fine creation of ancient Chinese artists. (这只瓷碗是中国古代艺术家的一件精美作品。)
③ ive 形容词后缀→ creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的
A good painter must be creative and patient. (一名优秀的画家必须富有创造力并且有耐心。)
④ or 表人 → creator /kriˈeɪtə(r)/ n. 创作者;创造者
He is the creator of this famous landscape painting. (他是这幅著名山水画的创作者。)
14.original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 原始的;最初的;原创的 n. 原作;原版
【句型】
(1)adj. 形容词
①原始的,最初的(作定语)
We cannot see the building in its original state anymore.(我们再也看不到这座建筑原本的模样了。)
▶the original version 原作;原版
Few people have seen the original version of this painting.(很少有人见过这幅画的原作。)
▶original creator 原创者
We should remember the original creator of the work.(我们应当记住这件作品的原创者。)
②原创的;非复制的
This painter has his own original ideas.(这位画家拥有自己独到的原创想法。)
(2)n. 名词 原作,原版
This is a copy, not the original.(这是一件复制品,不是原作。)
【派生词】
①origin n. 起源;源头
Do you know the origin of this art form?(你知道这种艺术形式的起源吗?)
②originally adv. 起初;原来
The museum was originally an old house.(这座博物馆原本是一栋老宅院。)
词形转换:origin → original → originally
【辨析】 original & copy
反义词:copy n.复制品 ↔ original n.原作
original 是原作,copy 是复制品
①original adj. 原作的;原版的;原创的;n. 原作,原件
例:This is the original painting by Qi Baishi. 这是齐白石的原作。
▶original work 原作
We should respect every artist’s original work. 我们应当尊重每一位艺术家的原作。
▶original idea 原创想法
She developed an original idea for the art show. (她为这场艺术展构思出了一个原创想法。)
②copy n. 复制品,副本;v. 复制,临摹
例:This is just a copy of the famous painting. 这只是名画的一件复制品。
简单区分: original:原件、原创;copy:临摹品、复制品。
15. burst /bɜːst/ v. (burst, burst) 冲;(使)爆裂;迸发 n. 迸发;突然爆发
变形:过去式/过去分词同形 burstburstburst
【句型】
(1)动词 v.
① burst 爆裂;炸开
The balloon burst suddenly.(气球突然爆裂了。)
② burst out of… 从……冲出来;从……迸发出来
Water burst out of the broken ancient pipe.(水从破损的古管道中喷涌而出。)
③burst into + 名词 突然
▶…… burst into tears (突然大哭)
She burst into tears when she saw the old painting.(看到这幅古画,她突然哭了。)
▶burst into laughter(突然大笑)。
例句:The audience burst into laughter at his joke.(观众听了他的笑话突然大笑起来。)
④ burst out doing 突然做……(后接动名词)
When she heard the bad news, she burst out crying. (听到这个坏消息,她突然大哭起来。)
(2)名词 n. 迸发;一阵
a burst of … 一阵……;一股……
a burst of passion 一阵激情
A burst of excitement filled the museum hall.(一阵激动的情绪充满了博物馆大厅。)
16.apart /əˈpɑːt/ adv. 分开;相距;除外
【句型】
①分开;相距(表距离、状态)
The two art museums lie 5 kilometres apart. (这两座美术馆相距5千米。)
②take … apart 把……拆开
He took the old machine apart to study its structure. (他把这台旧机器拆开,来研究它的构造。)
③ apart from 除……之外
▶除…之外(不包含,=except)
Apart from this porcelain bowl, all other works are modern. (除了这只瓷碗,其余所有作品都是现代的。)
▶除…之外还有(包含,=besides)
Apart from paintings, the museum also shows calligraphy works. (除了绘画之外,这家博物馆还展出书法作品。)
提示:apart from 根据语境,既可等于besides,也可等于except。
【派生词】
apart 副词 → part n. 部分;v. 分开
① n. 部分
Art is an important part of our daily life. (艺术是我们日常生活重要的一部分。)
② v. 分开;分离(不及物/及物,侧重人分开、别离)
They parted at the museum gate after visiting the show. (参观展览之后,他们在博物馆门口分开了。)
Time parted the old friends. (时光让老朋友各奔东西。)
17.it is meant to do sth旨在做某事;目的是做某事;应该做某事
主语常为事物:计划、作品、规则、艺术形式等。
句型结构:主语 + be meant to + 动词原形
两层含义:
①(事物)目的是、旨在……
This museum is meant to show traditional Chinese art. (这座博物馆旨在展示中国传统艺术。)
②(人)应该;理应
You are meant to keep quiet in the exhibition hall. (你在展厅里理应保持安静。)
【同义替换】
be meant to do sth = be intended to do sth 旨在做某事
The activity is meant to spread local culture. = The activity is intended to spread local culture. (这项活动旨在传播本土文化。)
【易混区分】
be meant to do 旨在;应该
be meant for + 名词 专为……而设计/适合……
This book is meant for teenagers.(这本书是专为青少年编写的。)
对比:
It is meant to teach us art.(它旨在教我们有关艺术的知识。)(后接动词)
It is meant for art lovers. (它是专为艺术爱好者准备的。)(后接名词)
18.view /vjuː/ v. 看待;把……视为;观看 n. 景色;观点;视野
【句型】
(1)动词 v.
view … as … 把……视为……
Chinese people view calligraphy as one of the highest forms of art. (中国人把书法视作最高的艺术形式之一。)
同义转换:
view … as … = regard … as … = think of … as …
People view calligraphy as art. = People regard calligraphy as art. = People think of calligraphy as art. (人们把书法看作艺术。)
(2)名词 n.
① 观点;看法
one’s view on sth. 某人对于某事的观点
What’s your view on modern Chinese paintings? (你对现代中国画有什么看法?)
② 景色;风景
From the window, we can enjoy a wonderful view of the garden. (透过窗户,我们可以欣赏花园的美景。)
③ 视野;视线
The tall building blocked our view. (这栋高楼挡住了我们的视线。)
▶in view 在视野之内;看得见
The ancient tower was in view when we reached the top of the hill. (当我们到达山顶时,那座古塔就在视野之内。)
▶come into view 进入视野;映入眼帘
As we turned the corner, the old museum came into view. (我们转过拐角,那座老博物馆映入眼帘。)
【词形拓展】 view n./v. → viewpoint /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ n. 观点;看法(人的主观看法)
(复合词:view(看法)+point(点) = viewpoint 观点)
From his viewpoint, traditional Chinese paintings are full of beauty. (在他看来,中国传统绘画充满美感。)
同义替换:
viewpoint = point of view 观点
From my viewpoint = From my point of view 在我看来
例句: From my point of view, calligraphy is a great form of art. (在我看来,书法是一门伟大的艺术。)
【辨析】view / sight / scene
① view n.(从特定位置看到的)景色、全景;侧重广阔的视野 a mountain view 山间全景
② scene n. 场景、景象,多指人/事物活动的场面 a happy scene 欢乐的景象
③ sight n. 名胜;看见,侧重“看见”这个行为;复数sights多指风景名胜 see the sights 游览名胜
19. within /wɪˈðɪn/ prep. 在……之内;不超过(时间、距离、范围)
【句型】
①within + 时间段:在……时间之内;不到……
Please finish the task within two hours. (请在两小时之内完成这项任务。)
②within + 距离:在……距离以内
The museum lies within onekilometre distance of the park. (博物馆就在公园一公里范围之内。)
③within + 范围:在……(限度/范围)之内
Keep your voice within acceptable limits in the exhibition hall. (在展厅内,请将音量控制在可接受范围内。)
【辨析】 within & in(表时间)
①within + 时间段:强调“不超出这个时间限度”,多用于将来,“在……之内”
We will get the result within three days. 我们会在三天之内拿到结果。(最多不超过3天)
②in + 时间段:多表示“再过多久之后”,常用于将来时
We will get the result in three days. 再过三天我们就会拿到结果。(三天之后)
【拓展】反义词(表范围/限度):beyond prep. 超出……之外
①within expectation 在预料之内
The artist’s performance was within expectations. (这位艺术家的表现在预料之内。)
②beyond expectation 出乎意料
His progress in calligraphy is far beyond expectation. (他在书法上的进步远远出乎意料。)
20.fail to do sth未能做某事;做某事失败
【句型】
主语 + fail / failed / fails to do sth
例句
Many artists over the centuries have tried but failed to achieve this effect. (几个世纪以来,许多艺术家尝试过但未能达到这种效果。)
同义替换:(句型转换)
fail to do sth = be unable to do sth 不能/未能做某事
He failed to finish his painting. = He was unable to finish his painting. 他没能完成他的画作。
【辨析】
①fail to do sth 未能做(事情没做成)
He failed to pass the exam. 他考试没能通过。
②fail in + 名词 在……方面失败
He failed in the art competition. 他在艺术比赛中失利。
fail in one's duty (失职)
The official failed in his duty and ignored public safety. (这名官员失职,忽视了公共安全。)
fail in business (生意失败)
Many small shops failed in business during the hard period. (在那段艰难时期,许多小店生意失败。)
fail in health (健康恶化)
The old painter failed in health in his late years. (这位老画家晚年健康恶化。)
fail (in) the exam(考试不及格,in可省略)
He failed (in) the exam. (他考试不及格。)
拓展:don’t fail to do = remember to do 务必做、记得做
Don’t fail to enjoy the beauty of traditional art. 务必去感受传统艺术之美。
二、核心语法精讲
动词不定式
一、核心概念
动词不定式是“to + 动词原形”构成的非谓语动词形式(部分情况省略 to,如使役动词后),在句中可充当主语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等成分,是英语中表达“目的、意图、动作指向”的关键结构。
2、 核心用法
1. 不定式作主语
to do(不定式)在句子中充当主语,代表一件事情。
① 不定式直接作主语(原始结构,少用)
To do + 谓语 + 其他
例句: To go on a trip sounds great. 去旅行听起来很棒。
解析:To go on a trip 不定式直接作句子主语。
② It 作形式主语(直接把 todo 放句首作主语,语法正确,但主语部分太长,句子头重脚轻,日常极少使用;因此多用 it 作形式主语,把真正主语 to do 挪到句尾)
It + be / 感官系动词 + adj. (+ for/of sb.) + to do sth.
it:形式主语,只占主语位置,无实际含义
to do sth:真正的主语(句子真正描述的那件事)
例句 1:It sounds great to go on a trip. 去旅行听起来很棒。 还原:To go on a trip sounds great.
例句 2:It is important to learn English. 学习英语很重要。 还原:To learn English is important.
2.不定式作宾语(O)
① 及物动词 + todo(不定式直接作动词宾语)
结构:主语 + 及物动词 + to do(宾语)
例句:What time do you want to meet?
分析:want 及物动词,to meet 不定式作宾语,表达want这个动作的内容“想要做什么”。
高频动词(后接to do作宾语): want, hope, expect, decide, plan, refuse, agree, choose, promise, learn, offer
注意:这些动词后面不能接doing作宾语(考试高频坑)。
② 疑问词 + to do 作宾语
疑问词:what / where / when / how / which + todo,整体相当于一个名词概念,放在动词/介词后面作宾语。
I don't know what to do.(what to do 作know的宾语)我不知道要做什么。
易混提醒:(区分不定式作宾语 vs 宾语补足语)
宾语:动词 + to do,to do是动词的承受内容 He decides to go home.(to go 宾语)
宾补:动词 + sb + to do,to do补充说明sb He asks me to go home.(to go 宾补)
③ it 作形式宾语,to do 为真正宾语
结构:find / think / make / feel + it + adj. + to do
例句:I find it difficult to learn English by myself.
解析:it 是形式宾语;to learn English by myself 是真正的宾语,difficult 作宾补。
3. 不定式作状语(A)
典型结构:不定式表目的/原因/结果(修饰动词或整个句子,说明动作的意图)。
例句:They used their art to express their feelings.
分析:to express 修饰 used,说明“用艺术的目的是表达情感”,作目的状语。
拓展:in order to / so as to 也常引导目的状语(so as to 不用于句首);此外,不定式还可表结果(如 He grew up to be a doctor)、原因(如 I’m glad to see you)。
4. 不定式作宾语补足语(OC)
典型结构:及物动词 + 宾语 + to do(不定式补充说明宾语的动作/状态)。
例句:Ella really likes Chinese paintings, so I expect her to enjoy it.
分析:expect 是及物动词,her 是宾语,to enjoy 补充说明“她”的动作,作宾语补足语。
拓展:
①常见接“宾语 + to do”的动词有 expect, ask, tell, want, encourage, advise 等;
②使役动词(make, let, have)和感官动词(see, hear, watch)后省略 to(如 make sb. do sth.)。
口诀: “一感(feel)二听(hear, listen to)三让(let, make, have)四看(see, watch, look at, notice)”后接宾语补足语时,省略 to。
注意:主动省 to,被动要还原 to → sb be made to do sth。
例句: The teacher made him stand up. (老师让他站起来。)
He was made to copy the painting.(他被迫临摹这幅画)
使役动词变被动的“潜规则”:
在“三让”(make / let / have)中,只有 make 常用于被动语态(be made to do)。
let 和 have 极少用于被动语态表示“被让/被叫去做某事”。在需要表达被动含义时,通常用 allowed to 或 asked to 代替。
例: 主动 Let him go. → 被动 He was allowed to go. (不要写 He was let to go.)
5. 不定式作定语
典型结构:名词/代词 + to do(不定式修饰名词,说明其用途、特征或动作指向)。
例句:But the only way to understand its value is to look at its beauty.
分析:(to understand 修饰名词 way,不定式作后置定语)
拓展:不定式作定语时,常与被修饰名词存在“动宾关系”(如 a book to read = 一本要读的书)或“主谓关系”(如 the first person to arrive = 第一个到达的人)。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
写作话题:介绍一位著名艺术家,讲述生平经历、艺术风格、代表作品,简单评价人物。
文体特征:人物介绍说明文
写作目的:向读者介绍该艺术家的生平经历、艺术风格、代表作品以及个人评价。
关键要素:
时间线索:必须清晰(出生、转折点、成名、去世)。
情感色彩:除了客观事实,还要包含主观评价(如:passion, imagination, energy)。
时态运用:主要使用一般过去时描述生平,使用一般现在时描述作品特点或表达个人观点。
2.写作框架(三段式)
框架口诀:基本信息→人生经历,风格作品→人物评价
①开头:介绍人物身份
点明介绍对象 I’d like to introduce my favourite artist, 人名. 简单交代出生时间、地点。
②主体:生平+风格+代表作合并
▶生平经历(结合时间轴)
按时间顺序写关键事件:出生 → 人生转变(决定从事艺术)→ 迁居/学习经历 → 创作黄金时期。
可用句型: He was born in…in… It was not until…that he decided to… In …, he moved to…
▶艺术风格 + 代表作品 描述创作风格,列举代表作,简单说作品特点。
可用句型: He developed his special style of… He used …to create his paintings. His famous works include…
③结尾:评价理由
个人评价,说明喜欢的理由 I like him because… He showed…in his works.
3.写作素材
①描述生平与动作:
be born in... (出生于……)
decide to become a painter (决定成为画家)
begin studying art (开始学习艺术)
move to the countryside (搬到乡下)
develop a style (形成一种风格)
②描述艺术与作品:
experience bright colours (体验明亮的色彩)
use short brushstrokes (使用短促的笔触)
thick paint (厚重的颜料)
show passion and feelings (展现激情与情感)
full of imagination and energy (充满想象力和活力)
③连接词与评价语:
It was not until... that... (直到……才…… —— 高分句型)
This was when... (正是在那时……)
Sadly,... (遗憾的是……)
I like him because... (我喜欢他是因为……)
4.范文背诵
Qi Baishi: A Master of Chinese Painting
Qi Baishi, a renowned Chinese painter, was born in 1864. He decided to take up painting in his childhood and kept practicing all his life.
His style combines traditional Chinese inkwash painting with folk art. He used simple brushstrokes to draw shrimps, flowers and insects. His paintings of shrimps are so vivid as if they are swimming in water.
I admire him because he never stopped creating. His works show the beauty of ordinary life and make traditional Chinese painting loved by people worldwide.
易错点01 动词不定式 expect 两大结构混淆
【助记口诀】 后面有sb,就分开;没有sb,直接to do。
【错因辨析】
①expect to do sth 不定式作宾语,主语自己期待做某事
I expect to visit the art museum. 我期待参观艺术馆。
②expect sb. to do sth 不定式作宾补,期待某人做某事
I expect her to enjoy the paintings. 我期待她欣赏这些画作。
错:I expect to her enjoy it. 对:I expect her to enjoy it.
错句:I expect to her enjoy it. 正确:I expect her to enjoy it.
【核心误区】漏掉宾补的 to。在 expect sb/sth 后面,必须带 to do,to 绝不能省略!
【对点训练】
1. I expect ____ the great painter one day.
A. to meet B. meet C. him meet D. to him meet
【答案】A
【解析】主语自己期待做,无sb,用expect to do。故选A。
2.We expect Qi Baishi’s works ____ us more joy.
A. bring B. to bring C. bringing D. to bringing
【答案】B
【解析】有宾语works,expect sb/sth to do,to不能省略。故选B。
3.(改错) My parents expect me become an artist.
【答案】me后面加to
【解析】expect sb. to do sth,不定式作宾补,to不可丢。
易错点02 不定式成分区分(宾语 / 宾补 / 目的状语)
【助记口诀】直加 to do 是宾语;宾后 to do 为宾补;译作 “为了” 是状语。
【错因辨析】
❌误区:只要看见to do,一律当作动词宾语。
①动词 + to do(无中间名词)→ 不定式作宾语
常见动词:want / decide / hope to do (动词后直接接to do,无中间宾语)
例:He decided to become a painter. 他决定成为一名画家。(宾语)
②动词 + sb./sth. + to do → 不定式作宾补
常见动词:expect / want sb. to do (动词 + sb/sth.(宾语) + to do,to do描述宾语发出的动作)
例:I want him to learn painting. (我想要他学习绘画。)→ 宾补
I expect the work to sell well. (我期待这部作品大卖。)→ 宾补
③动词 + sth. + to do(表用来、为了)→ 不定式作目的状语
常见动词:use sth. to do (to do 不描述宾语,而是表主语“为了……”做某事 → 目的状语)
例:He used brushstrokes to draw shrimps. (他用笔触画虾。)
错句:He used ink draw pictures.
正确:He used ink to draw pictures.(他用墨水来画画。)→ 目的状语,to 不能省略
【深度解析】
在 He used ink to draw pictures. 中,ink 是 use 的宾语;而 to draw 并不是描述 ink 要去画画,而是表达主语 he 做这件事的目的:为了画画。这才是目的状语。
例句对比:
He decides to paint.(to paint 宾语)他决定画画。
I expect him to paint.(to paint 宾补)我期待他画画。
He uses ink to paint.(to paint 目的状语)他用墨来画画。
【对点训练】
1.He plans ____ more paintings of flowers.
A. create B. to create C. creating D. created
【答案】B
【解析】plan to do,不定式作宾语。故选B。
2.The artist uses ink ____ beautiful pictures.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
【答案】C
【解析】use sth to do表目的状语。故选C。
3.I hope him to know more about Chinese art.(改错)
【答案】去掉him;改为 I hope to know more about Chinese art.
【解析】hope不能接sb to do,只能hope to do作宾语。
易错点03 词汇辨析 include & including
【助记口诀】include是动词作谓语;including介词放名前
【错因辨析】
①include v. 动词,意为“包括;包含”,在句中充当谓语,有时态、人称变化。
例:The collection includes many Chinese paintings. 这批藏品包含许多中国画。
②including双重身份:
▶including prep. 介词,意为“包括……在内”,不能作谓语,后面直接接名词/代词,常放在列举对象前面。 例:Many artists, including Qi Baishi, loved painting plants and insects. 许多艺术家,包括齐白石,都喜爱画花鸟虫鱼。
▶现在分词 (doing):动词 include 的现在分词,作非谓语。逻辑上表主动。
例:There are many works in the hall, including his shrimp paintings. 大厅里有很多作品,(作品中)包含他画虾的画作。
简单区分:
include:句子谓语,要随主语变形式(includes / included)
including:介词,不做谓语,后接名词,前面一般有逗号
错句:The museum has many works, include his shrimp paintings.
正确:The museum has many works, including his shrimp paintings. (已有谓语has,不能再用动词include,改用介词including)
错句:The team including five painters.
正确:The team includes five painters. (句子缺少谓语,要用动词include)
【对点训练】
1. The box ____ several pieces of ancient clothing.
A. include B. includes C. including D. included
【答案】B
【解析】本句缺少谓语,主语the box为单数,谓语动词用includes。故选B。
2. Many great artists, ____ Qi Baishi, are wellknown in the world.
A.include B. includes C. including D. included
【答案】C
【解析】句已有谓语are,此处用介词including后接人名。故选C。
3. All the works, ____ the painting of shrimps, are on show.
A. include B. includes C. including D. included
【答案】C
【解析】主句谓语是 are on show,中间是插入语,无连词,不能填谓语。排除 A. include 和 B. includes。
位置决定词形,including + 名词(包括……):放在名词前,故用 including。
4. (改错)The exhibition has lots of art works, include his famous works.
【答案】include改为including
【解析】句子已有谓语has,不能再用谓语动词include,改用介词including。
易错点04 词汇辨析 passion / hobby / interest
【助记口诀】interest是兴趣,hobby是爱好;passion酷爱程度高
【错因辨析】
①interest n. 兴趣;好奇心(程度最轻,心里感兴趣,不一定动手做)
搭配:have an interest in sth 对……有兴趣
例:He has an interest in traditional paintings. 他对传统绘画有兴趣。
②hobby n. 业余爱好(休闲活动,业余抽空做,不一定投入毕生精力)
例:Painting is his hobby. 画画是他的业余爱好。
③passion n. 酷爱;激情(程度最强,发自内心强烈热爱,往往坚持一生,人物介绍写作高分词)
搭配:have a passion for sth 酷爱……
例:Qi Baishi had a passion for painting flowers and insects. 齐白石酷爱画花草虫鱼。
简单区分:
interest:只是感兴趣(浅,可只看不动手)
hobby:业余爱好(休闲消遣)
passion:毕生酷爱、挚爱(程度最深,人物传记高频)
错句:Qi Baishi’s hobby for painting never died.
正确:Qi Baishi had a passion for painting. (画画不是齐白石单纯业余消遣,是毕生热爱,用passion更合适)
错句:I have a passion for collecting stamps on weekends.
正确:Collecting stamps is my hobby. (周末集邮只是业余消遣,程度达不到passion)
【对点训练】
1. Qi Baishi had a ____ for painting, so he kept practising all his life.
A.interest B. hobby C. enthusiasm D. passion
【答案】D
【解析】all his life 一生坚持,强烈热爱,passion程度最强。故选D。
2. Reading is my ____. I do it in my free time for fun.
A.passion B. hobby C. feeling D. emotion
【答案】B
【解析】空闲时间用来消遣,hobby业余爱好。故选B。
3. She has an ____ in ancient art. She just likes reading books about it.
A. interest B. hobby C. passion D. enthusiasm
【答案】A
【解析】只是看书了解,没有动手实践,只是兴趣interest。故选A。
4. (改错) He has passion for painting.
【答案】passion前加a → has a passion for
【解析】固定搭配 have a passion for 酷爱……
易错点 05 词汇辨析 china & porcelain
【助记口诀】china 日常瓷餐具,porcelain 书面瓷材料
【错因辨析】
1 china n. 瓷器(日常用词,多指瓷餐具、瓷摆件,小写);大写 China = 中国;小写 china = 瓷器
例:The cup is made of china. 这个杯子是瓷制的。
2 porcelain n. 瓷(书面、专业词汇,侧重瓷器这种材料,艺术文本常用)
例:This porcelain vase is rare. 这件瓷瓶很稀有。
简单区分: china:日常,多指瓷餐具;porcelain:书面,艺术 / 材料描述。
错句:The vase is made of China.
正确:The vase is made of china.(小写才是瓷器)
【对点训练】
1.This beautiful bowl is made of ____.
A. China B. china C. porcelain D. clay
【答案】B
【解析】日常瓷碗,用 china,小写。故选 B。
2.The ____ sculpture has a long history.
A. China B. china C. porcelain D. cotton
【答案】C
【解析】书面描述艺术品材料,用 porcelain。故选 C。
3.(改错) The plate is made of China.
【答案】China 改为 china
【解析】大写 China 是国家;小写 china 才是瓷器。
一、根据所给提示填空
1.齐白石擅长把绘画和民间艺术相融合。
Qi Baishi is good at ________ painting ________ folk art.
2.除了绘画,他还喜爱书法。
________ ________ painting, he also loves calligraphy.
3.池塘里的虾看上去栩栩如生。 The shrimps in the pond look ________.
4.我期待欣赏这些伟大的艺术作品。
I expect ________ ________ these great art works.
5.这位雕塑家在模型上覆盖了一层泥土。 The sculptor ________ the model ________ clay.
【答案】1.combining; with 2.Apart from 3.lifelike 4.to admire 5.covered; in
【解析】1.中文句意中的“把……和……相融合”在英语中对应的表达是 combine A with B。这是一个固定搭配,表示“将A与B结合/融合”。句中 is good at 后面需要接动名词形式,因此 combine 需变为 combining。故填:combining; with。
2.中文句意中的“除了……(还有)”在英语中对应的表达是 apart from。这是一个固定介词短语,表示“除……之外(还)”,用于引出除了绘画之外的另一项爱好。注意位于句首时首字母需大写。故填:Apart from。
3.中文句意中的“栩栩如生”在英语中对应的表达是 lifelike。这是一个形容词,意为“逼真的、栩栩如生的”,在句中作 look(系动词)的表语,用来形容虾画得非常逼真。故填:lifelike。
4.中文句意中的“期待做某事”在英语中对应的表达是 expect to do sth.。这是一个固定句型,表示“期望/期待做某事”,因此 expect 后面需要接动词不定式 to admire 来作宾语。故填:to admire。
5.中文句意中的“用……覆盖……”在英语中对应的表达是 cover sth. with/in sth.。这是一个固定搭配,表示“用某物覆盖/遮盖某物”。根据句意,雕塑家“覆盖”的动作发生在过去,因此谓语动词 cover 需使用过去式 covered。故填:covered; in。
二、单项选择
1.My teacher expects me ______ more time on traditional art.
A. spend B. spending C. to spend D. spent
2.He knocked ______ the door, but nobody answered.
A. at B. in C. for D. with
3.The sculptor used special tools ______ the new model.
A. create B. to create C. creating D. created
4.He has lots of works of art ______ for the museum.
A. collect B. collected C. collecting D. to collect
5.It’s necessary for students ______ more about our traditional art.
A. know B. to know C. knowing D. known
【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5. B
【解析】1.句意:我的老师期望我花更多时间在传统艺术上。本题考查动词 expect 的固定搭配。expect sb. to do sth. 是固定结构,意为“期望某人做某事”,因此 expect 后需接动词不定式 to spend 作宾语补足语。选项 A(spend)为动词原形,B(spending)为动名词/现在分词,D(spent)为过去式,均不符合该结构。故选 C。
2.句意:他敲了敲门,但没人应答。解析:本题考查动词 knock 的固定搭配。knock at the door 是固定短语,意为“敲门”,表示敲击门、窗等具体物体表面时,介词用 at。knock in 意为“敲入”,knock for 和 knock with 均不构成“敲门”的常用搭配。故选 A。
3.句意:这位雕塑家用特殊工具来制作新模型。本题考查动词不定式作目的状语。句中 used special tools 是谓语部分,后接动词不定式 to create 表示“使用工具”的目的,即“为了制作新模型”。选项 A(create)为动词原形,C(creating)为动名词/现在分词,D(created)为过去式,均不能表达目的。故选 B。
4.句意:他有很多艺术品要为博物馆收集。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句中 "for the museum" 暗示了收集的目的或未来的任务,即“为了博物馆而要去收集的作品”。当名词后接不定式作定语时,常表示将来或目的(the works to collect = the works that he needs to collect)。若选 B. collected,通常表示“已经被收集好的”,但句中有 "for the museum" 强调目的/对象,且语境更倾向于“有待完成的任务”或“专门为了博物馆而收集的作品”,用不定式 to collect 表目的或将来更为恰当。A. collect 是动词原形,不能作定语;C. collecting 表主动或进行,artworks 不能自己收集,逻辑不通。故选 D。
5.句意:学生有必要更多地了解我们的传统艺术。本题考查固定句型 It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.。该句型中,it 是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式 to know,表示“对某人来说做某事是必要的”。选项 A(know)为动词原形,C(knowing)为动名词,D(known)为过去分词,均不能充当该句型中的真正主语。故选 B。
三、句型转换。
1.To respect artists’ original works is very important.(改为同义句)
______ ______ very important ______ ______ artists’ original works.
2. The artist used brushstrokes to draw shrimps.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the artist use brushstrokes ______ ______?
3.Besides paintings, he also loves sculpture.(改为同义句)
______ ______ paintings, he also loves sculpture.
4.He combines Chinese art with western skills.(改为同义句)
He ______ Chinese art ______ western skills.
5.She has no time. She will copy the work.(合并句子)
She has no time ______ ______ the work.
【答案】1.It is; to respect 2.What did; to do 3.Apart from 4.mixes; with 5.to copy
【解析】1.原句意为 “尊重艺术家的原作非常重要”。句中 To respect artists’ original works 是动词不定式作主语。英语常用 It is + adj. + to do sth. 句型改写,It 作形式主语,真正主语为后面的不定式 to respect。故填:It is; to respect。
2.原句划线部分 to draw shrimps 是动词不定式作目的状语,表 “为了画虾”。对该目的动作提问用 What did … use … to do?,意为 “艺术家用笔触来做什么?”。故填:What did; to do。
3.原句中 Besides 表示 “除…… 之外(还有)”,语义为包含在内。同义短语 Apart from 可表达相同含义。故填:Apart from。
4.combines … with … 意为 “把…… 和…… 相融合”;同义短语 mixes … with … 可表示艺术上的融合。主语 He 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用 mixes。故填:mixes; with。
5.原句意为 “她没有时间,她将要复制这幅作品”。have no time to do sth. 表示 “没有时间做某事”,不定式 to copy 作后置定语修饰名词 time。故填:to copy。
四、阅读理解
A
Vincent Van Gogh was a Dutch painter who lived from 1853 to 1890. He is one of the most famous artists in history, but during his lifetime, he sold only one painting. Van Gogh was a passionate and emotional artist. He used bright colors and bold brushstrokes to express his feelings. His most famous works include The Starry Night, Sunflowers, and The Bedroom.
Van Gogh’s life was full of struggles. He suffered from mental illness and often felt lonely and misunderstood. Despite his difficulties, he continued to paint with great energy and creativity. He produced over 2,000 artworks in just ten years. After his death, his work became incredibly popular. Today, his paintings are worth millions of dollars and are displayed in major museums around the world.
Van Gogh once said, “I dream my painting and I paint my dream.” His story teaches us that true art comes from the heart and that passion can overcome hardship.
1.How many paintings did Van Gogh sell during his lifetime?
A.None. B.One. C.Over 2,000. D.Millions.
2.What style did Van Gogh use in his paintings?
A.Dark colors and smooth strokes. B.Bright colors and bold brushstrokes.
C.Only black and white. D.Soft and delicate lines.
3.What challenges did Van Gogh face in his life?
A.He was very rich. B.He suffered from mental illness and loneliness.
C.He had no talent. D.He never painted.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Van Gogh’s life was full of happiness. B.Van Gogh’s passion for art and his life story.
C.Van Gogh only painted sunflowers. D.Van Gogh was a famous sculptor.
5.What can we learn from Van Gogh’s story?
A.Success comes easily. B.Passion can help us overcome hardship.
C.Only famous artists can be successful. D.Art is not important.
【答案】1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B
【导语】本文主要介绍了荷兰画家梵高的生平、绘画风格、一生遭遇的苦难、他的艺术成就,以及他的故事带给我们的启示。
【详解】1.文章第1段“but during his lifetime, he sold only one painting.”表明梵高一生只卖出一幅画。
2.文章第1段“He used bright colors and bold brushstrokes to express his feelings.”表明梵高的绘画风格是明亮的色彩搭配粗犷的笔触。
3.文章第2段“He suffered from mental illness and often felt lonely and misunderstood.”表明他的困境是精神疾病与孤独。
4.通读全文,文章介绍了梵高的生平、艺术风格、面临的困难以及他对艺术的热情和后世的影响。选项B最能概括全文主旨。
5.文章第3段“His story teaches us that true art comes from the heart and that passion can overcome hardship.”表明我们能学到热爱能帮我们克服困境。
B
Wu Wei is a quiet but world-famous local sculptor living in Sunshine Town. Hardly anyone in this small town doesn’t know his amazing stone sculptures. People often use the sentence “his work shouts” to describe him, even though he seldom takes part in noisy social activities or accepts media interviews. He has rich imagination and spends almost all his spare time creating wonderful stone works for the central square of our town. Every holiday, lots of visitors from different cities drive hundreds of miles to admire his artworks. All his sculptures have won high praise from professional artists in the national art community.
However, Wu Wei never runs after fame or high money. He told local newspaper reporters last year that he only wanted to create warm, meaningful artworks for common townspeople instead of making himself famous all over the country. When many reporters crowd to interview him after winning big art prizes, he always keeps modest and repeats that he still has thousands of new creative ideas to finish. He thinks the most valuable treasure for an artist is moving works, rather than public praise or expensive gifts from visitors.
1.What does the underlined phrase “his work shouts” mean?
A.His stone sculptures can make loud sounds.
B.His artworks are impressive and draw wide attention.
C.He always talks loudly when cutting stones.
D.He cries sadly while creating sculptures.
2.The pronoun “He” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A.newspaper reporter B.professional artist
C.sculptor Wu Wei D.town visitor
3.Which fact about Wu Wei is TRUE?
A.He enjoys taking part in all kinds of parties.
B.He creates sculptures just for big prizes and money.
C.He is modest and full of creative imagination.
D.He likes showing off his prizes to every visitor.
4.What can we infer from the whole passage?
A.Wu Wei’s works are only known in this small town.
B.Wu Wei cares little about fame and wealth.
C.Wu Wei hopes reporters visit him every single day.
D.Wu Wei has no new creative plans for future works.
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.C 4.B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了阳光镇一位名叫吴伟的著名石雕艺术家。尽管他性格安静、不爱社交,但他的作品极具感染力且广受赞誉。文章重点描写了他淡泊名利、谦虚低调的品质,以及他致力于为普通人创作有温度、有意义作品的艺术追求。
【详解】1.根据第一段中“People often use the sentence ‘his work shouts’ to describe him, even though he seldom takes part in noisy social activities... He has rich imagination and spends almost all his spare time creating wonderful stone works”可知,这里的“shouts”并非指声音,而是指他的作品非常有震撼力,给人留下深刻印象并吸引广泛关注。
2.根据第二段“However, Wu Wei never runs after fame or high money.”以及紧接着的句子“He told local newspaper reporters last year that...”可知,这里的代词“He”指代的是前一句的主语,即雕塑家吴伟。
3.根据第一段“He has rich imagination”和第二段“he always keeps modest”可知,吴伟既谦虚又充满创造性的想象力。
4.根据第二段“Wu Wei never runs after fame or high money.”以及最后一句“He thinks the most valuable treasure for an artist is moving works, rather than public praise or expensive gifts from visitors.”可知,吴伟并不在乎名声和财富。
五、完形填空
Art acts as a bridge connecting different cultures. Different countries have their own special art styles. Western artists are good at painting with colours and light, 1 many Chinese painters prefer to show inner spirit through lines.
Lots of world‑famous artists leave valuable works for human beings. Michelangelo was an Italian sculptor and painter 2 created plenty of great art pieces. Picasso was a modern painter 3 works are full of creative thoughts. In China, Qi Baishi is among the most celebrated painters. He painted small things from 4 world, such as birds, insects and fish. His works are simple but lively. He even 5 the International Peace Award in his old age.
Art works are not only for enjoyment, 6 they carry special cultural messages. When we enjoy a piece of art, we should not only notice its look, 7 try to understand the thoughts hidden behind it.
Appreciating art is never an easy task. It 8 time and patience. We need to learn background knowledge and watch details 9 . If we spend time studying art, we will get a much deeper 10 of world cultures.
1.A.while B.if C.so D.because
2.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose
3.A.who B.whose C.which D.that
4.A.nature’s B.nature C.nature of D.natures
5.A.wins B.won C.has won D.will win
6.A.and B.also C.but also D.too
7.A.and B.but C.or D.so
8.A.requires B.is required C.require D.are required
9.A.close B.closely C.closing D.closed
10.A.knowledge B.progress C.understanding D.decision
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了艺术作为文化桥梁的作用,列举了多位著名艺术家,并阐述了欣赏艺术需要耐心和理解其背后的文化内涵。
【详解】1.句意:西方艺术家擅长用色彩和光线绘画,然而许多中国画家更喜欢通过线条表现内在精神。
根据前后两分句“西方画家的作画方式”和“中国画家的作画方式”可知,此处表示两者之间的对比,while意为“然而”,用于对比两种情况。if“如果”、so“所以”、because“因为”,均不符合语境。
2.句意:米开朗基罗是一位意大利雕塑家和画家,他创作了大量伟大的艺术作品。
根据先行词an Italian sculptor and painter指代人,且关系代词在定语从句中作主语可知,应用who(他,指代人,从句中作主语)。which(哪一个,指代物),whom(他,指代人,从句中作宾语),whose(他的,在从句中作定语),均不符合语法。
3.句意:毕加索是一位现代画家,他的作品充满了创造性的思想。
根据先行词a modern painter指代人,空格后有名词works,需要关系词作works的定语可知,应用whose,表示“画家的作品”。who(谁,指代人,在从句中作主语),which(哪一个,指代物),that(既可指代人也可指代物,不能够充当定语),均不符合语法。
4.句意:他画了自然界中的小东西,如鸟、昆虫和鱼。
根据空格后面为名词world可知,此处需要定语修饰world,nature’s是名词所有格,意为“大自然的”,nature’s world意为“自然界”,符合句意及语法结构。nature“大自然”不能直接放在名词前作定语;nature of“自然的……”结构缺少定冠词,形式错误;natures表示多种天性,词义不符。
5.句意:他甚至在他晚年获得了国际和平奖。
根据“in his old age”及全文叙述过去发生的事情可知,需用一般过去时,won是win的过去式,符合时态要求。wins“赢得” 是一般现在时,has won“已经赢得”是现在完成时,will win“将赢得”是一般将来时,均不符合语境。
6.句意:艺术作品不仅是供人欣赏,而且它们还承载着特殊的文化信息。
根据“not only..., _______...”可知,此处是固定搭配not only…but also…,意为“不但……而且……”,用来连接两个并列分句。and“和”、also“也”、too“也”,均不能构成该固定结构。
7.我们不仅应该注意它的外观,还要尝试理解隐藏在其背后的思想。
根据“not only..., _______...”结构,此处填but构成 not only... but (also)...,意为“不但……而且……”。and“并且”、or“或者”、so“所以”,无法构成该句型。。
8.句意:它需要时间和耐心。
根据主语“It”是第三人称单数,且句子为主动语态可知,谓语动词需用requires(第三人称单数),符合主谓一致原则。is required“被需要”(被动语态单数形式),require“需要”(动词原形),are required“被需要”(被动语态复数形式),均不符合语法。
9.句意:我们需要学习背景知识并仔细观察细节。
根据“watch details”可知,需用副词修饰动词,closely为副词,意为“仔细地”。close可作形容词或者副词,表示距离近;closing动名词;closed形容词,意为“关闭的”,词性与词义均不符合。
10.句意:如果我们花时间研究艺术,我们将对世界文化有更深的理解。
根据“get a much deeper _______ of”及前文“understand the thoughts”,可知 understanding意为“理解”最恰当,固定搭配a deep understanding of…意为“对……深刻的理解”,符合句意。knowledge“知识”,progress“进步”,decision“决定”,均不可以构成符合句意的搭配。
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Unit 3 A Taste of Art
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
一、艺术创作与鉴赏:
1.______________( n. 一笔;一划) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这位画家的每一笔都尽显高超技艺。)
2.______________ (景色;情景) __________________________________________
3._______________________________________(这幅画描绘了湖泊宁静的景色。)
4.______________ (美人;美丽) __________________________________________
5._______________________________________(我们可以领略中国国画之美。)
6.______________ (瓷器)__________________________________________
7._______________________________________(这件精美的瓷器产自古代中国。)
8.______________ (瓷;瓷器) __________________________________________
9._______________________________________(许多家庭喜爱收藏精美的瓷器。)
10.______________ (版本) __________________________________________
11._______________________________________(这是这幅古画的新版本。)
12.______________(模型) __________________________________________
13._______________________________________(这个小模型展示出这座古建筑的样貌。)
14.______________(n. 遗憾)__________________________________________
15.__________________________________(这件珍稀艺术品遭到损毁,真是一大遗憾。)
二、人物与职业:
1.______________(邮递员) __________________________________________
__________________________________(邮递员每天把信件和包裹送到我们家门口。)
2.______________(老板;上司) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(他的老板鼓励他创作更多新作品。)
3.______________ (雕塑家) __________________________________________
_______________________________(这位雕塑家花费数年完成了这件伟大的作品。)
4.______________ n. 书法家 __________________________________________
____________________________________(这位著名书法家留下了许多珍贵作品。)
5.______________(n.模特) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这位年轻女孩担任这位画家的模特。)
6.______________(复制品) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这仅仅是一件复制品,并不是画作原作。)
三、自然、食物与健康:
1.______________(池塘) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(有一些小鱼在安静的池塘里游来游去。)
2.______________(向日葵) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(夏日里明亮的向日葵朝着太阳转动。)
3.______________(布满星星的) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(我们在繁星满天的夜空下欣赏美景。)
4.______________(激情;热爱)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(她对中国传统艺术怀有极大的热爱。)
5.______________(虾) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(我们为家庭晚餐烹饪了新鲜的虾。)
6.______________(节食;规定饮食) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(她保持健康的规定饮食来维持精力。)
7.______________(皮肤;皮)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(过多日晒对你的皮肤有害。)
四、动作行为:
1.______________(冲;(使)爆裂;迸发)__________________________________________
__________________________________(这位年轻艺术家迸发源源不断的创作灵感。)
2.______________(adj空的;v.倒空) __________________________________________
____________________________________(他开始倒空那个装满美术工具的旧箱子。)
3.______________(覆盖) __________________________________________
______________________________________(冬天地面被厚厚的白雪覆盖。)
4.______________(敲(门/窗);碰撞;敲击) ________________________________
_______________________________________(有人正在敲美术馆的门。)
5.______________( v. 做模特儿;模拟)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(她曾经为一位知名艺术家做模特。) __________________________________________________________________________(科学家在电脑上模拟古代艺术品的制作过程。)
6.______________ v.(使)结合;(使)组合 ______________________________
_______________________________________(我们应当把传统艺术与现代理念相结合。)
7.______________ (v.使再现) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这部影片尽力再现古代艺术场景。)
8.______________ (v. 模仿;复制;n.复制品) _______________________________
_______________________________________(他精心复制了这件古代艺术品。)
9.______________(n. & v.遗憾;同情)__________________________________________
__________________________________(我们对那位丢失珍贵画作的艺术家感到同情。)
五、描述与对比:
1.______________(截然相反的;对立的)________________________________
_______________________________________(他的艺术观点和我的截然相反。)
2.______________(喧闹的;吵闹的) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(隔壁的工作室十分喧闹。)
3.______________(生动的,逼真的) ______________(这座石雕像十分逼真,看上去如同真人。)
4.______________ (美术的;艺术的) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(她对传统文化有着浓厚的艺术感悟。)
5.______________ (稀有的;罕见的) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(如今很难找到如此稀有的艺术品。)
6.______________ (原始的;最初的) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(很少有人见过这幅画的原作。)
7.______________ (完美地;完全地)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(这位艺术家完美地画出了落日的色彩。)
8.______________ (通常;一般) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这种技艺在过去十分常见。)
9.______________(adv. 除外;分开) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这两种艺术风格彼此区分开来。)
10.______________(在……时间之内;不到……) _______________________________
____________________________(这位雕塑家在一年之内完成了这件绝妙的作品。)
六、学校与日常物品:
1.______________(实验室) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(科学家们在实验室里研究这件古老的瓷器。)
2.______________(小件包裹;小袋) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(邮递员送来了一小包美术材料。)
3.______________(粉笔) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(他用粉笔在黑板上画了一幅逼真的画。)
短
语
一、动词短语
1. ______________(从……冲出来/爆发出来) _________________________
_______________________________________(画中的马匹仿佛要从纸面上奔腾而出。)
2. ______________(与……有共同之处)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(中国书法与传统绘画有许多共同之处。)
3. ______________(把……与……相结合) ___________________________
_______________________________________(徐悲鸿把中国画技法与西方技巧相结合。)
4.______________(受……的影响) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这位艺术家的作品受到古代民间艺术的影响。)
5.______________(带某人开启一段旅程) ______________________________
_______________________________________(这幅长卷轴画带我们开启一段旧中国的旅程。)
6.______________(覆盖) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(整面墙被美丽的中国画所覆盖。)
7.______________(与……完美契合) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这座现代玻璃金字塔与古老的建筑完美契合。)
8.______________.(期待某人做某事) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(许多人期待年轻艺术家创作出更多优秀的作品。)
9.______________.(未能做某事;做某事失败) ________________________________
_________________________________(王羲之未能再次重现《兰亭序》那种完美的风格。)
10.______________(突出;脱颖而出) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(在所有艺术品当中,他的瓷器作品脱颖而出。)
11.______________(把……视为…… / 认为……是……) _______________________
_______________________________________(中国人把书法视作最高的艺术形式之一。)
12.______________(培养艺术感知力) __________________________________________
___________________________________(临摹名画有助于学生培养他们的艺术感知力。)
13.______________(偶然遇见;碰到) __________________________________________
______________________________________(你可能会在城市公园里偶遇写书法的人。)
14.______________.(旨在做某事;目的是做某事) ____________________________
_______________________________________(这件艺术品旨在展现大自然之美。)
15.______________(顺便拜访;顺路到访) _________________________________
_______________________________________(我们打算回家的路上顺路去参观美术馆。)
16.______________(展现激情与情感) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(伟大的画作展现艺术家的激情与情感。)
二、名词短语
1.______________(山水画) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(这些山水画展现出中国山水静谧之美。)
2.______________(多余的票;额外的票) ______________________________
_______________________________________(我有两张美术馆展览的多余门票。)
3.______________(空白区域) __________________________________________
___________________________________(画家在纸上留下一些空白区域留给人们想象。)
4.______________(原作;原版) __________________________________________
_______________________________________(《兰亭序》的原作我们已经无法见到。)
5.______________(短促的笔触)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(梵高运用短促的笔触创作出他绝妙的画作。)
6.______________(厚重的颜料) __________________________________________
__________________________________(他在画布上涂上厚重的颜料,让画作栩栩如生。)
三、不定式结构:
1.______________(有兴趣做某事) __________________________________________
_________________________________(许多游客有兴趣了解更多关于中国瓷器的知识。)
2.______________(为了做某事)__________________________________________
_______________________________________(他每天练习书法,为了提升自己的技艺。)
3.______________.(对做某事感到震惊)__________________________________________
____________________________________(人们听闻这只古瓷碗的高昂价格感到震惊。)
4.______________(被认为是……) __________________________________________
_______________________________(《兰亭序》被认为是中国书法的一大瑰宝。)
三、介词短语:
1.______________(在……结束时) __________________________________________
___________________________________(宴会结束时,王羲之写下了著名的《兰亭序》。)
2.______________(除……之外) __________________________________________
__________________________________(除了艺术价值之外,这件瓷器还有悠久的历史。)
3.______________(在……的背景之下) _________________________________
________________________(在繁忙现代都市生活的背景之下,这座园林显得宁静安逸。)
4.______________(确切地;肯定地) __________________________________________
_________________________________(我们无法确切知道那位艺术家当时在想什么。)
5.______________(尽显它全部的美) __________________________________________
______________________________(梵高在他的名作中将向日葵尽显全部的美描绘出来。)
6.______________(在展出;陈列) __________________________________________
__________________________________(梵高的许多杰出画作正在这座博物馆展出。)
7.______________(代替;而不是做某事) ________________________________
___________________________________(他选择用墨作画,而不是使用彩色颜料。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、表达观点、推测与认知:
1.Nobody knows for sure. (没有人确切知道。)
2.I came to learn that... (我了解到……)
3.While I still don't understand enough about..., I began to see... (尽管我对……依旧了解不多,但我开始领略……)
二、描述事物与评价:
1....is thought to be... (……被认为是……)
2.But the only way to understand its value is to look at its beauty. (但了解其价值的唯一途径是欣赏它的美。)
3.It is a special place to experience... (这是一个感受……的特别之地。)
三、描述经历与动作:
1.You may even come across... (你甚至可能遇见……)
2.Many artists over the centuries have tried and failed to achieve this effect. (几个世纪以来,许多艺术家尝试过但未能达到这种效果。)
3.He then tried to recreate..., but he found it impossible to do so. (之后他试图重现……,但他发现这根本做不到。)
4.Doing so not only helps them to..., but also develops... (这样做不仅帮助他们……,还培养……)
4、 解释原因与背景:
1.That must be why... (那一定就是……的原因!)
2.Against the background of..., ...provides quite the opposite experience. (在……的背景下,……带来了截然不同的体验。)
3.This was when... (就在这时/那是在……时候)
4.With a painting like..., we can see... (透过像……这样的画作,我们可以看到……)
5、 描述习惯与时间:
1....used to be..., but now... (……过去总是……,但现在……)
2....should be back within 10 minutes... (……应该十分钟之内就会回来……)
3.It was not until... that... (直到……才……)
4.Every guest was expected to... (每位宾客都被要求……)
语法
动词不定式
写作
介绍一位艺术家
一、知识点精讲
1. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ v.(使)结合;(使)组合
【句型】
(1)作动词 v.
①combine A and B 把A和B结合
The artist combines bright colours and dark lines in his paintings.(这位艺术家在画作中将明亮的色彩与深色线条结合。)
②combine…with… 把……与……相结合
Xu Beihong combined Chinese painting skills with Western art methods.(徐悲鸿把中国画技法和西方艺术手法相结合。)
③combine to do sth. 共同促成/联合起来做某事
Different artistic elements combine to make the work special.(不同的艺术元素相结合,使这件作品别具一格。)
(2)派生词
combination n. 结合;组合物
a combination of ……的结合
This painting is a combination of tradition and creativity.(这幅画作是传统与创新的结合。)
2.lifelike /ˈlaɪflaɪk/ adj. 生动的;逼真的
【构词】life(生命)+like(像……的)→ 栩栩如生的
【句型】
①作表语
The shrimps in Qi Baishi’s paintings are so lifelike.(齐白石画作里的虾十分栩栩如生。)
②作定语,修饰名词
The sculptor created a lifelike statue of the artist.(这位雕塑家创作了一尊这位艺术家的逼真雕像。)
【拓展同后缀like形容词】 childlike adj. 孩子般的;birdlike adj. 像鸟一样的
【词义辨析】 lifelike /lively
①lifelike adj. 逼真的,栩栩如生的 (侧重艺术品、模型、塑像等,仿真度高,像真的实物)
The lifelike sculpture looks like a reallife person. 这座栩栩如生的雕塑看上去如同真人。
②lively adj. 充满活力的;生动的;热闹的(可修饰人、动物、气氛、画作风格,指富有生气、灵气,不是 “仿真”)
She is a lively girl who loves painting. 她是一个热爱绘画的活泼女孩。
The lively colours make the whole painting warm. 鲜活的色彩让整幅画作暖意融融。
We enjoyed the lively atmosphere at the art show. 我们沉浸于画展上热闹活跃的氛围中。
助记口诀:
lifelike 像实物,lively 有活气
3.opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/ adj. 截然相反的;对立的 n. 对立面;反面
【句型】
(1) 作形容词 adj.
①be opposite to… 与……相反(常作表语)
His art idea is opposite to mine.(他的艺术理念与我的截然相反。)
②作定语,放在名词前,“相反的;对面的”
We sat on opposite sides of the hall.(我们坐在大厅相对的两边。)
(2) 作名词 n. 对立面,反面
①the opposite of … ……的对立面
Good is the opposite of bad.(善是恶的对立面。)
②just the opposite 恰恰相反
Some say old paintings are boring. Just the opposite, they are full of life and feelings.(有些人说古画很乏味。恰恰相反,它们充满生机与情感。)
(3)opposite 介词:在…… 对面(表地点位置),后面直接接名词,不加 to。
介词 opposite + 地点名词:在…… 对面(位置)
The bank is opposite the supermarket. 银行在超市对面。
【变形】oppositely adv. 相反地
He behaved oppositely to what I had expected. (他的行为与我预期的截然相反。)
【辨析】形容词opposite vs opposing
①opposite adj. 相反的;对面的;另一边的;迥然不同的(客观描述:位置相反、事物/观点截然相反,中性,不含对抗、敌意。)
opposite views 截然相反的观点(只是看法不一样,不一定互相攻击)
the opposite side 对面;另一方
例句: His opinion is the opposite of mine. 他的观点和我的截然相反。
②opposing adj. 相反的;对立的;对抗的;相竞争的;极不相同的 (强调对抗性、相互博弈、立场冲突,带有竞争、对立、对抗色彩。)
opposing teams 对阵的两队(比赛对抗)
opposing forces 敌对势力
opposing sides 对立双方(争执、博弈中的两方)
例句: The opposing artists held totally different ideas about art. 持对立立场的艺术家们对艺术持有完全不同的看法。
关键区分:
只讲“相反、对面”,单纯客观对比 → opposite
强调“互相抗衡、对抗、争斗” → opposing
易混对比句
① They hold opposite opinions. 他们观点相反。(单纯想法不一样,不一定吵架)
② They are opposing groups. 他们是相互对立的团体。(暗含立场冲突、互相抗衡)
4.empty /ˈempti/ adj. 空的;v. 倒空;清空
【句型】
(1) 作形容词 adj. 空的
①作表语
The empty areas on the painting leave space for people’s imagination.(画作上的空白区域为人们的想象留下了空间。)
②作定语,修饰名词
There is an empty hall for the new art show.(有一间空旷的大厅用于这场新的艺术展。)
(2) 作动词 v. 倒空;清空
①empty sth 把某物倒空
He emptied the bowl before he left.(他离开前把碗倒空了。)
②empty … out 把……全部倒出、清空
She emptied out her bag to look for the ticket to the exhibition.(她把包全部倒出来寻找展览门票。)
【变形】 emptiness n. 空旷;空虚
①(空间)空旷、空阔
The emptiness in the drawing creates a quiet feeling. 画作中的空旷留白营造出一种静谧的意境。
②(内心)空虚、落寞
He felt a sense of emptiness after he finished his great work. 完成伟大作品之后,他内心感到一阵空虚。
5.cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ v. 覆盖;遮盖;包含;行走(距离);报道 n. 封面;盖子
【句型】
(1)作动词 v.
① cover A with B 用B把A盖住(主动)
She covered the table with a piece of silk.(她用一块丝绸盖住桌子。)
② be covered with … 被……覆盖(状态,布满,可看得见缝隙)
The ground is covered with fallen leaves.(地上铺满落叶。)
③ cover…in… 被……厚厚覆盖
The wall was covered in beautiful old paintings.(墙上铺满精美的古画。)
④ 包含;涉及
This book covers Chinese traditional art.(这本书涵盖中国传统艺术。)
⑤ 行走(一段路程)
We covered ten kilometres to visit the art museum.(我们走了十公里去参观美术馆。)
⑥ 采访;报道
The reporter covered the art show last week.(记者上周报道了这场艺术展。)
(2)作名词 n.
① 封面 the cover of the magazine 杂志封面
This painting appears on the cover.(这幅画出现在封面上。)
② 盖子
Put the cover on the box.(把盖子盖在盒子上。)
【辨析】
①be covered with 被……覆盖(强调状态,东西散落在表面)
The mountain is covered with snow.(山上覆盖着白雪。)
② be covered in 厚厚沾满、铺满(厚厚的一层)
His hands were covered in paint.(他双手沾满颜料。)
③ be covered by 被……覆盖(常用于抽象概念、保险、范围等)
The cost is covered by the insurance.(费用由保险承担。)
The whole area is covered by the signal.(整个区域都被信号覆盖了。)
【变形】 covering n. 覆盖物;遮蔽层 (侧重铺在表面的一层东西,贴在表面,可以是薄的也可以是厚的物质)
The stone needs a special covering to protect it from the rain.(这块石头需要一层特殊覆盖物来防雨。)
6.perfectly /ˈpɜːfɪktli/ adv. 完美地;完全地
【句型】
①修饰动词:do sth perfectly 完美地做某事
The sculptor finished the statue perfectly.(这位雕塑家完美地完成了这座雕像。)
②修饰形容词 perfectly + adj. 完全地;十分
The copy is perfectly lifelike.(这件复制品十分逼真。)
【词形拓展】
①perfect adj. 完美的;极好的
It is a perfect chance to enjoy traditional Chinese art.(这是欣赏中国传统艺术的绝佳机会。)
No painting is perfect.(没有哪一幅画作是完美的。)
②perfect /pəˈfekt/v. 使完美;使完善
The calligrapher practised for years to perfect his handwriting.(这位书法家练习多年来完善自己的书法。)
③perfection /pəˈfekʃn/ n. 完美;尽善尽美
▶reach perfection 达到完美
The artist tried to reach perfection in every brushstroke.(这位艺术家力求每一笔都做到尽善尽美。)
▶to perfection 完美地
She copied the old painting to perfection.(她把这幅古画临摹得惟妙惟肖。)
【补充提示】
同形异音: 形容词 perfect /ˈpɜːfɪkt/;动词 perfect /pəˈfekt/
【辨析】perfectly / very
①perfectly:两层含义,“完美地”;“完全、十足”,带有达到理想状态的意味。
The picture is perfectly lifelike.(这幅画十分逼真。)
②very:普通程度副词,“非常”,仅用来加强程度,无“完美”含义。
The picture is very lifelike.(这幅画非常逼真。)
7.diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 节食;规定饮食;日常食物 v. 节食
【句型】
(1) 作名词 n.
▶n. 日常饮食(泛指,不可数)指一个人长期的饮食习惯,笼统概念
Diet is very important for our health.(饮食对我们的健康很重要。)
▶n.(一套)规定饮食 / 特定饮食 / 节食(可数,a diet)
①go on a diet 节食;开始控制饮食
例句:She decides to go on a diet to keep healthy.(她决定节食来保持健康。)
②be on a diet 正在节食(比 go on a diet 更强调“处于节食状态”)
例句:Sorry, I can't eat this cake; I'm on a diet.(抱歉,我不能吃这块蛋糕,我正在节食。)
③a balanced diet 均衡饮食
例句:Artists need a balanced diet to keep energetic for creation.(艺术家需要均衡饮食,保持创作的精力。)
④a healthy diet 健康饮食
例句:A healthy diet is good for skin.(健康的饮食对皮肤有益。)
(2) 作动词 v. 节食
例句:He is dieting to become thinner.(他正在节食减肥。)
diet on sth. 靠吃……节食 / 以……为日常饮食
例句:He had to diet on rice and vegetables for a month.(他不得不靠吃米饭和蔬菜节食一个月。)
【词形拓展】 dietary adj. 饮食的
We should pay attention to our dietary habits.(我们应当注意自己的饮食习惯。)
【易混辨析】diet / food
①diet:侧重日常饮食习惯、为健康控制的饮食;固定搭配 go on a diet 节食
We should pay attention to our diet.(我们应当注意饮食。)
②food:泛指一切可以吃的食物
We bought lots of food in the market.(我们在市场买了很多食物。)
8.rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀有的;罕见的
【句型】
(1) 作形容词 adj.
①作表语
This kind of old porcelain bowl is very rare.(这种古瓷碗十分稀有。)
②作定语,修饰名词
It is a rare work of Chinese traditional art.(这是一件珍贵稀有的中国传统艺术作品。)
(2) 常用句型:It is rare for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是很少见的
It is rare for young artists to get such great success.(年轻艺术家能取得如此巨大的成就实属难得。)
【词形拓展】 rarely adv. 很少;罕见地(否定含义,放句首句子要部分倒装)
He rarely visits art museums.(他很少去参观美术馆。)
Rarely does he show his works to the public.(他很少向公众展示自己的作品。)
【易混辨析】rare / scarce
①rare:侧重事物本身稀少、珍贵,不容易得到,多指珍宝、动植物、机会
a rare animal 珍稀动物;a rare chance 难得的机会
②scarce:侧重“供应不足,短缺”,因物资匮乏造成缺少
Water became scarce during the dry season.(旱季水资源变得短缺。)
9. commonly /ˈkɒmənli/ adv. 通常;一般;普遍地
【句型】
①修饰动词,放实义动词之前,be动词之后
This kind of porcelain is commonly seen in old museums.(这种瓷器在古老博物馆中很常见。)
②commonlyknown 副词 + 过去分词 → 复合形容词,作定语(放名词前)
It is a commonlyknown fact that Qi Baishi is good at painting shrimps.(齐白石擅长画虾是众所周知的事实。)
【辨析】commonly / usually
①commonly:侧重“普遍、广为、一般地”,强调社会、范围上普遍存在。
This plant is commonly found in mountains.(这种植物在山里随处可见。)
②usually:侧重“通常、平常”,多指个人习惯性动作。
He usually visits art shows on weekends.(他通常周末去看艺术展。)
【词形拓展】
① common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 普通的;常见的
▶作定语
Landscape paintings are a common form of Chinese traditional art.(山水画是一种常见的中国传统艺术形式。)
▶作表语
This kind of clay is very common in this area.(这种黏土在这个地区十分常见。)
▶固定搭配:in common 共同;共有 (短语内 common 为抽象名词,仅用于该短语,不单独使用)
The two painters have much in common.(这两位画家有许多共同之处。)
② uncommon /ʌnˈkɒmən/ adj. 不常见的;罕见的
▶作定语
It is an uncommon porcelain work from the Song Dynasty.(这是一件罕见的宋代瓷器作品。)
▶作表语
It is uncommon for such a young man to master old painting skills.(这么年轻就掌握古老绘画技艺是不多见的。)
③commonness /ˈkɒmənnəs/ n. 普通;平常
▶作主语 The commonness of this material makes it widely used by artists.(这种材料的普遍性让它被艺术家广泛使用。)
▶作宾语 He found beauty in the commonness of daily life.(他从日常生活的平凡之中发现美。)
10.artistic /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ adj. 美术的;艺术的;有艺术天赋的
【句型】
①作定语,修饰名词(最常用)
▶artistic value 艺术价值
This building possesses high artistic value.(这座建筑拥有很高的艺术价值。)
▶artistic senses 艺术感知力
Practising calligraphy can help us develop our artistic senses.(练习书法可以帮助我们培养艺术感知力。)
▶artistic style 艺术风格
Every great painter has his own special artistic style.(每一位伟大的画家都拥有自己独特的艺术风格。)
②作表语,描述人“有艺术天赋的”
The little girl is very artistic.(这个小女孩很有艺术天赋。)
【派生词】派生词链条:art → artist → artistic → artistically
①art n. 艺术;美术
Chinese art is getting more popular in foreign countries. (中国艺术在国外越来越受欢迎。)
②artist n. 艺术家;画家
The artist spent three years finishing this landscape painting. (这位艺术家花了三年时间完成这幅山水画。)
③artistic adj. 艺术的;有艺术天赋的
This work has high artistic value. (这件作品拥有很高的艺术价值。)
④artistically adv. 在艺术方面;富有艺术地 ( 通常用来修饰动作或表示“在艺术方面/手法上”)
例句:The old building is designed artistically.(这座古建筑在艺术设计上颇具匠心。 )
11.stand out 突出;脱颖而出;引人注目(动词短语,无被动)
【句型】
①(人)脱颖而出
Among many young painters, she stands out for her special artistic style. (在众多年轻画家中,她凭借独特的艺术风格脱颖而出。)
②(事物)显眼、引人注目
The bright-coloured painting stands out against the white wall.(这幅色彩鲜艳的画作在白墙的映衬下格外醒目。)
【拓展搭配】
①stand out for sth 因……而出众
This sculpture stands out for its lifelike appearance.(这座雕塑因其栩栩如生的外观而格外引人注目。)
②stand out from… 从……之中凸显出来
His works stand out from other traditional paintings. (他的作品在其他传统绘画当中脱颖而出。)
【辨析】
stand out:凸显、引人注目(自身特质突出)
stand for:代表;象征
The dove stands for peace. 鸽子象征和平。
【同义替换】stand out = be noticeable 引人注目
The red brushstrokes stand out in this painting. = The red brushstrokes are noticeable in this painting. (红色笔触在这幅画中十分引人注目。)
小提示:
stand out:不及物动词短语,无被动,它描述事物本身特质造成 “凸显、显眼”,侧重“主动凸显、跳出来”。
be noticeable:系表结构,noticeable 是形容词,侧重“能够被轻易看见、察觉到,不一定有强烈对比。”。
The change is noticeable. 这一变化显而易见。
12.in order to do sth. 释义:为了做某事(表目的状语)
【句型】
①in order to do sth. 置于句首或句中,后接动词原形
In order to improve his artistic senses, he visits art museums every month. (为了提升自己的艺术感知力,他每个月都去参观美术馆。)
He practises calligraphy every day in order to polish his skills. (他每天练习书法,为了打磨自己的技艺。)
②否定:in order not to do sth. 为了不做某事
She kept quiet in order not to wake up the sleeping baby. (她保持安静,为了不吵醒熟睡的婴儿。)
【同义转换】
①in order to do = to do(不定式表目的,to do更简洁)
In order to learn Chinese painting, he found a teacher. = To learn Chinese painting, he found a teacher. (为了学习中国画,他找了一位老师。)
②in order to do ≠ in order that + 从句(that后接完整句子,有主语谓语)
He studies hard in order that he can become an artist. (他努力学习,为了他能够成为一名艺术家。)
【易混辨析】in order to do/so as to do sth.
①in order to do:句首、句中都可以用
Many artists travel around the country in order to get more creative ideas. (许多艺术家周游全国,为了获得更多创作灵感。)
②so as to do:只能放在句中,不能放句首
He got up early so as to catch the bus. (他起得很早,为了赶上公交车。)
【注意】
in order to 是目的状语结构,to 为不定式符号,后接动词原形,不接动名词(doing)。
否定形式 in order not to do,not放在to前面;
同义句转换:in order to ↔ to do;in order that从句。
13.recreate /ˌriːkriˈeɪt/ v. 使再现;重现;再造
(re- 前缀:再、重新 + create 创造 → recreate v. 使再现;重现)
【句型】
①recreate sth 重现/再现某物
He tried to recreate the original style of the old calligrapher. (他试图重现这位古代书法家原本的风格。)
②recreate sth from… 根据……重现某物
Scientists recreate the ancient scene from these old paintings. (科学家依据这些古画重现古时的景象。)
【词形拓展】create:创造(从无到有) creation n. 创作;作品 creative adj. 有创造力的 creator n. 创作者;创造者
① create /kriˈeɪt/ v. 创造;创作(从无到有)
The artist creates wonderful works with simple brushstrokes. (这位艺术家用简单的笔触创作出精彩的作品。)
② ion 名词后缀 → creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创作;作品
This porcelain bowl is a fine creation of ancient Chinese artists. (这只瓷碗是中国古代艺术家的一件精美作品。)
③ ive 形容词后缀→ creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的
A good painter must be creative and patient. (一名优秀的画家必须富有创造力并且有耐心。)
④ or 表人 → creator /kriˈeɪtə(r)/ n. 创作者;创造者
He is the creator of this famous landscape painting. (他是这幅著名山水画的创作者。)
14.original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 原始的;最初的;原创的 n. 原作;原版
【句型】
(1)adj. 形容词
①原始的,最初的(作定语)
We cannot see the building in its original state anymore.(我们再也看不到这座建筑原本的模样了。)
▶the original version 原作;原版
Few people have seen the original version of this painting.(很少有人见过这幅画的原作。)
▶original creator 原创者
We should remember the original creator of the work.(我们应当记住这件作品的原创者。)
②原创的;非复制的
This painter has his own original ideas.(这位画家拥有自己独到的原创想法。)
(2)n. 名词 原作,原版
This is a copy, not the original.(这是一件复制品,不是原作。)
【派生词】
①origin n. 起源;源头
Do you know the origin of this art form?(你知道这种艺术形式的起源吗?)
②originally adv. 起初;原来
The museum was originally an old house.(这座博物馆原本是一栋老宅院。)
词形转换:origin → original → originally
【辨析】 original & copy
反义词:copy n.复制品 ↔ original n.原作
original 是原作,copy 是复制品
1 original adj. 原作的;原版的;原创的;n. 原作,原件
例:This is the original painting by Qi Baishi. 这是齐白石的原作。
▶original work 原作
We should respect every artist’s original work. 我们应当尊重每一位艺术家的原作。
▶original idea 原创想法
She developed an original idea for the art show. (她为这场艺术展构思出了一个原创想法。)
2 copy n. 复制品,副本;v. 复制,临摹
例:This is just a copy of the famous painting. 这只是名画的一件复制品。
简单区分: original:原件、原创;copy:临摹品、复制品。
15. burst /bɜːst/ v. (burst, burst) 冲;(使)爆裂;迸发 n. 迸发;突然爆发
变形:过去式/过去分词同形 burstburstburst
【句型】
(1)动词 v.
① burst 爆裂;炸开
The balloon burst suddenly.(气球突然爆裂了。)
② burst out of… 从……冲出来;从……迸发出来
Water burst out of the broken ancient pipe.(水从破损的古管道中喷涌而出。)
3 burst into + 名词 突然
▶…… burst into tears (突然大哭)
She burst into tears when she saw the old painting.(看到这幅古画,她突然哭了。)
▶burst into laughter(突然大笑)。
例句:The audience burst into laughter at his joke.(观众听了他的笑话突然大笑起来。)
④ burst out doing 突然做……(后接动名词)
When she heard the bad news, she burst out crying. (听到这个坏消息,她突然大哭起来。)
(2)名词 n. 迸发;一阵
a burst of … 一阵……;一股……
a burst of passion 一阵激情
A burst of excitement filled the museum hall.(一阵激动的情绪充满了博物馆大厅。)
16.apart /əˈpɑːt/ adv. 分开;相距;除外
【句型】
①分开;相距(表距离、状态)
The two art museums lie 5 kilometres apart. (这两座美术馆相距5千米。)
②take … apart 把……拆开
He took the old machine apart to study its structure. (他把这台旧机器拆开,来研究它的构造。)
③ apart from 除……之外
▶除…之外(不包含,=except)
Apart from this porcelain bowl, all other works are modern. (除了这只瓷碗,其余所有作品都是现代的。)
▶除…之外还有(包含,=besides)
Apart from paintings, the museum also shows calligraphy works. (除了绘画之外,这家博物馆还展出书法作品。)
提示:apart from 根据语境,既可等于besides,也可等于except。
【派生词】
apart 副词 → part n. 部分;v. 分开
① n. 部分
Art is an important part of our daily life. (艺术是我们日常生活重要的一部分。)
② v. 分开;分离(不及物/及物,侧重人分开、别离)
They parted at the museum gate after visiting the show. (参观展览之后,他们在博物馆门口分开了。)
Time parted the old friends. (时光让老朋友各奔东西。)
17.it is meant to do sth旨在做某事;目的是做某事;应该做某事
主语常为事物:计划、作品、规则、艺术形式等。
句型结构:主语 + be meant to + 动词原形
两层含义:
①(事物)目的是、旨在……
This museum is meant to show traditional Chinese art. (这座博物馆旨在展示中国传统艺术。)
②(人)应该;理应
You are meant to keep quiet in the exhibition hall. (你在展厅里理应保持安静。)
【同义替换】
be meant to do sth = be intended to do sth 旨在做某事
The activity is meant to spread local culture. = The activity is intended to spread local culture. (这项活动旨在传播本土文化。)
【易混区分】
be meant to do 旨在;应该
be meant for + 名词 专为……而设计/适合……
This book is meant for teenagers.(这本书是专为青少年编写的。)
对比:
It is meant to teach us art.(它旨在教我们有关艺术的知识。)(后接动词)
It is meant for art lovers. (它是专为艺术爱好者准备的。)(后接名词)
18.view /vjuː/ v. 看待;把……视为;观看 n. 景色;观点;视野
【句型】
(1)动词 v.
view … as … 把……视为……
Chinese people view calligraphy as one of the highest forms of art. (中国人把书法视作最高的艺术形式之一。)
同义转换:
view … as … = regard … as … = think of … as …
People view calligraphy as art. = People regard calligraphy as art. = People think of calligraphy as art. (人们把书法看作艺术。)
(2)名词 n.
① 观点;看法
one’s view on sth. 某人对于某事的观点
What’s your view on modern Chinese paintings? (你对现代中国画有什么看法?)
② 景色;风景
From the window, we can enjoy a wonderful view of the garden. (透过窗户,我们可以欣赏花园的美景。)
③ 视野;视线
The tall building blocked our view. (这栋高楼挡住了我们的视线。)
▶in view 在视野之内;看得见
The ancient tower was in view when we reached the top of the hill. (当我们到达山顶时,那座古塔就在视野之内。)
▶come into view 进入视野;映入眼帘
As we turned the corner, the old museum came into view. (我们转过拐角,那座老博物馆映入眼帘。)
【词形拓展】 view n./v. → viewpoint /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ n. 观点;看法(人的主观看法)
(复合词:view(看法)+point(点) = viewpoint 观点)
From his viewpoint, traditional Chinese paintings are full of beauty. (在他看来,中国传统绘画充满美感。)
同义替换:
viewpoint = point of view 观点
From my viewpoint = From my point of view 在我看来
例句: From my point of view, calligraphy is a great form of art. (在我看来,书法是一门伟大的艺术。)
【辨析】view / sight / scene
① view n.(从特定位置看到的)景色、全景;侧重广阔的视野 a mountain view 山间全景
② scene n. 场景、景象,多指人/事物活动的场面 a happy scene 欢乐的景象
③ sight n. 名胜;看见,侧重“看见”这个行为;复数sights多指风景名胜 see the sights 游览名胜
19. within /wɪˈðɪn/ prep. 在……之内;不超过(时间、距离、范围)
【句型】
①within + 时间段:在……时间之内;不到……
Please finish the task within two hours. (请在两小时之内完成这项任务。)
②within + 距离:在……距离以内
The museum lies within onekilometre distance of the park. (博物馆就在公园一公里范围之内。)
③within + 范围:在……(限度/范围)之内
Keep your voice within acceptable limits in the exhibition hall. (在展厅内,请将音量控制在可接受范围内。)
【辨析】 within & in(表时间)
①within + 时间段:强调“不超出这个时间限度”,多用于将来,“在……之内”
We will get the result within three days. 我们会在三天之内拿到结果。(最多不超过3天)
②in + 时间段:多表示“再过多久之后”,常用于将来时
We will get the result in three days. 再过三天我们就会拿到结果。(三天之后)
【拓展】反义词(表范围/限度):beyond prep. 超出……之外
①within expectation 在预料之内
The artist’s performance was within expectations. (这位艺术家的表现在预料之内。)
②beyond expectation 出乎意料
His progress in calligraphy is far beyond expectation. (他在书法上的进步远远出乎意料。)
20.fail to do sth未能做某事;做某事失败
【句型】
主语 + fail / failed / fails to do sth
例句
Many artists over the centuries have tried but failed to achieve this effect. (几个世纪以来,许多艺术家尝试过但未能达到这种效果。)
同义替换:(句型转换)
fail to do sth = be unable to do sth 不能/未能做某事
He failed to finish his painting. = He was unable to finish his painting. 他没能完成他的画作。
【辨析】
①fail to do sth 未能做(事情没做成)
He failed to pass the exam. 他考试没能通过。
②fail in + 名词 在……方面失败
He failed in the art competition. 他在艺术比赛中失利。
fail in one's duty (失职)
The official failed in his duty and ignored public safety. (这名官员失职,忽视了公共安全。)
fail in business (生意失败)
Many small shops failed in business during the hard period. (在那段艰难时期,许多小店生意失败。)
fail in health (健康恶化)
The old painter failed in health in his late years. (这位老画家晚年健康恶化。)
fail (in) the exam(考试不及格,in可省略)
He failed (in) the exam. (他考试不及格。)
拓展:don’t fail to do = remember to do 务必做、记得做
Don’t fail to enjoy the beauty of traditional art. 务必去感受传统艺术之美。
二、核心语法精讲
动词不定式
一、核心概念
动词不定式是“to + 动词原形”构成的非谓语动词形式(部分情况省略 to,如使役动词后),在句中可充当主语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等成分,是英语中表达“目的、意图、动作指向”的关键结构。
2、 核心用法
1. 不定式作主语
to do(不定式)在句子中充当主语,代表一件事情。
① 不定式直接作主语(原始结构,少用)
To do + 谓语 + 其他
例句: To go on a trip sounds great. 去旅行听起来很棒。
解析:To go on a trip 不定式直接作句子主语。
② It 作形式主语(直接把 todo 放句首作主语,语法正确,但主语部分太长,句子头重脚轻,日常极少使用;因此多用 it 作形式主语,把真正主语 to do 挪到句尾)
It + be / 感官系动词 + adj. (+ for/of sb.) + to do sth.
it:形式主语,只占主语位置,无实际含义
to do sth:真正的主语(句子真正描述的那件事)
例句 1:It sounds great to go on a trip. 去旅行听起来很棒。 还原:To go on a trip sounds great.
例句 2:It is important to learn English. 学习英语很重要。 还原:To learn English is important.
2.不定式作宾语(O)
① 及物动词 + todo(不定式直接作动词宾语)
结构:主语 + 及物动词 + to do(宾语)
例句:What time do you want to meet?
分析:want 及物动词,to meet 不定式作宾语,表达want这个动作的内容“想要做什么”。
高频动词(后接to do作宾语): want, hope, expect, decide, plan, refuse, agree, choose, promise, learn, offer
注意:这些动词后面不能接doing作宾语(考试高频坑)。
② 疑问词 + to do 作宾语
疑问词:what / where / when / how / which + todo,整体相当于一个名词概念,放在动词/介词后面作宾语。
I don't know what to do.(what to do 作know的宾语)我不知道要做什么。
易混提醒:(区分不定式作宾语 vs 宾语补足语)
宾语:动词 + to do,to do是动词的承受内容 He decides to go home.(to go 宾语)
宾补:动词 + sb + to do,to do补充说明sb He asks me to go home.(to go 宾补)
③ it 作形式宾语,to do 为真正宾语
结构:find / think / make / feel + it + adj. + to do
例句:I find it difficult to learn English by myself.
解析:it 是形式宾语;to learn English by myself 是真正的宾语,difficult 作宾补。
3. 不定式作状语(A)
典型结构:不定式表目的/原因/结果(修饰动词或整个句子,说明动作的意图)。
例句:They used their art to express their feelings.
分析:to express 修饰 used,说明“用艺术的目的是表达情感”,作目的状语。
拓展:in order to / so as to 也常引导目的状语(so as to 不用于句首);此外,不定式还可表结果(如 He grew up to be a doctor)、原因(如 I’m glad to see you)。
4. 不定式作宾语补足语(OC)
典型结构:及物动词 + 宾语 + to do(不定式补充说明宾语的动作/状态)。
例句:Ella really likes Chinese paintings, so I expect her to enjoy it.
分析:expect 是及物动词,her 是宾语,to enjoy 补充说明“她”的动作,作宾语补足语。
拓展:
①常见接“宾语 + to do”的动词有 expect, ask, tell, want, encourage, advise 等;
②使役动词(make, let, have)和感官动词(see, hear, watch)后省略 to(如 make sb. do sth.)。
口诀: “一感(feel)二听(hear, listen to)三让(let, make, have)四看(see, watch, look at, notice)”后接宾语补足语时,省略 to。
注意:主动省 to,被动要还原 to → sb be made to do sth。
例句: The teacher made him stand up. (老师让他站起来。)
He was made to copy the painting.(他被迫临摹这幅画)
使役动词变被动的“潜规则”:
在“三让”(make / let / have)中,只有 make 常用于被动语态(be made to do)。
let 和 have 极少用于被动语态表示“被让/被叫去做某事”。在需要表达被动含义时,通常用 allowed to 或 asked to 代替。
例: 主动 Let him go. → 被动 He was allowed to go. (不要写 He was let to go.)
5. 不定式作定语
典型结构:名词/代词 + to do(不定式修饰名词,说明其用途、特征或动作指向)。
例句:But the only way to understand its value is to look at its beauty.
分析:(to understand 修饰名词 way,不定式作后置定语)
拓展:不定式作定语时,常与被修饰名词存在“动宾关系”(如 a book to read = 一本要读的书)或“主谓关系”(如 the first person to arrive = 第一个到达的人)。
三、单元写作清单
1. 话题分析
写作话题:介绍一位著名艺术家,讲述生平经历、艺术风格、代表作品,简单评价人物。
文体特征:人物介绍说明文
写作目的:向读者介绍该艺术家的生平经历、艺术风格、代表作品以及个人评价。
关键要素:
时间线索:必须清晰(出生、转折点、成名、去世)。
情感色彩:除了客观事实,还要包含主观评价(如:passion, imagination, energy)。
时态运用:主要使用一般过去时描述生平,使用一般现在时描述作品特点或表达个人观点。
2.写作框架(三段式)
框架口诀:基本信息→人生经历,风格作品→人物评价
①开头:介绍人物身份
点明介绍对象 I’d like to introduce my favourite artist, 人名. 简单交代出生时间、地点。
②主体:生平+风格+代表作合并
▶生平经历(结合时间轴)
按时间顺序写关键事件:出生 → 人生转变(决定从事艺术)→ 迁居/学习经历 → 创作黄金时期。
可用句型: He was born in…in… It was not until…that he decided to… In …, he moved to…
▶艺术风格 + 代表作品 描述创作风格,列举代表作,简单说作品特点。
可用句型: He developed his special style of… He used …to create his paintings. His famous works include…
③结尾:评价理由
个人评价,说明喜欢的理由 I like him because… He showed…in his works.
3.写作素材
①描述生平与动作:
be born in... (出生于……)
decide to become a painter (决定成为画家)
begin studying art (开始学习艺术)
move to the countryside (搬到乡下)
develop a style (形成一种风格)
②描述艺术与作品:
experience bright colours (体验明亮的色彩)
use short brushstrokes (使用短促的笔触)
thick paint (厚重的颜料)
show passion and feelings (展现激情与情感)
full of imagination and energy (充满想象力和活力)
③连接词与评价语:
It was not until... that... (直到……才…… —— 高分句型)
This was when... (正是在那时……)
Sadly,... (遗憾的是……)
I like him because... (我喜欢他是因为……)
4.范文背诵
Qi Baishi: A Master of Chinese Painting
Qi Baishi, a renowned Chinese painter, was born in 1864. He decided to take up painting in his childhood and kept practicing all his life.
His style combines traditional Chinese inkwash painting with folk art. He used simple brushstrokes to draw shrimps, flowers and insects. His paintings of shrimps are so vivid as if they are swimming in water.
I admire him because he never stopped creating. His works show the beauty of ordinary life and make traditional Chinese painting loved by people worldwide.
易错点01 动词不定式 expect 两大结构混淆
【助记口诀】 后面有sb,就分开;没有sb,直接to do。
【错因辨析】
①expect to do sth 不定式作宾语,主语自己期待做某事
I expect to visit the art museum. 我期待参观艺术馆。
②expect sb. to do sth 不定式作宾补,期待某人做某事
I expect her to enjoy the paintings. 我期待她欣赏这些画作。
错:I expect to her enjoy it. 对:I expect her to enjoy it.
错句:I expect to her enjoy it. 正确:I expect her to enjoy it.
【核心误区】漏掉宾补的 to。在 expect sb/sth 后面,必须带 to do,to 绝不能省略!
【对点训练】
1. I expect ____ the great painter one day.
A. to meet B. meet C. him meet D. to him meet
2.We expect Qi Baishi’s works ____ us more joy.
A. bring B. to bring C. bringing D. to bringing
3.(改错) My parents expect me become an artist.
易错点02 不定式成分区分(宾语 / 宾补 / 目的状语)
【助记口诀】直加 to do 是宾语;宾后 to do 为宾补;译作 “为了” 是状语。
【错因辨析】
❌误区:只要看见to do,一律当作动词宾语。
①动词 + to do(无中间名词)→ 不定式作宾语
常见动词:want / decide / hope to do (动词后直接接to do,无中间宾语)
例:He decided to become a painter. 他决定成为一名画家。(宾语)
②动词 + sb./sth. + to do → 不定式作宾补
常见动词:expect / want sb. to do (动词 + sb/sth.(宾语) + to do,to do描述宾语发出的动作)
例:I want him to learn painting. (我想要他学习绘画。)→ 宾补
I expect the work to sell well. (我期待这部作品大卖。)→ 宾补
③动词 + sth. + to do(表用来、为了)→ 不定式作目的状语
常见动词:use sth. to do (to do 不描述宾语,而是表主语“为了……”做某事 → 目的状语)
例:He used brushstrokes to draw shrimps. (他用笔触画虾。)
错句:He used ink draw pictures.
正确:He used ink to draw pictures.(他用墨水来画画。)→ 目的状语,to 不能省略
【深度解析】
在 He used ink to draw pictures. 中,ink 是 use 的宾语;而 to draw 并不是描述 ink 要去画画,而是表达主语 he 做这件事的目的:为了画画。这才是目的状语。
例句对比:
He decides to paint.(to paint 宾语)他决定画画。
I expect him to paint.(to paint 宾补)我期待他画画。
He uses ink to paint.(to paint 目的状语)他用墨来画画。
【对点训练】
1.He plans ____ more paintings of flowers.
A. create B. to create C. creating D. created
2.The artist uses ink ____ beautiful pictures.
A. make B. making C. to make D. made
3.I hope him to know more about Chinese art.(改错)
易错点03 词汇辨析 include & including
【助记口诀】include是动词作谓语;including介词放名前
【错因辨析】
①include v. 动词,意为“包括;包含”,在句中充当谓语,有时态、人称变化。
例:The collection includes many Chinese paintings. 这批藏品包含许多中国画。
②including双重身份:
▶including prep. 介词,意为“包括……在内”,不能作谓语,后面直接接名词/代词,常放在列举对象前面。 例:Many artists, including Qi Baishi, loved painting plants and insects. 许多艺术家,包括齐白石,都喜爱画花鸟虫鱼。
▶现在分词 (doing):动词 include 的现在分词,作非谓语。逻辑上表主动。
例:There are many works in the hall, including his shrimp paintings. 大厅里有很多作品,(作品中)包含他画虾的画作。
简单区分:
include:句子谓语,要随主语变形式(includes / included)
including:介词,不做谓语,后接名词,前面一般有逗号
错句:The museum has many works, include his shrimp paintings.
正确:The museum has many works, including his shrimp paintings. (已有谓语has,不能再用动词include,改用介词including)
错句:The team including five painters.
正确:The team includes five painters. (句子缺少谓语,要用动词include)
【对点训练】
1. The box ____ several pieces of ancient clothing.
A. include B. includes C. including D. included
2. Many great artists, ____ Qi Baishi, are wellknown in the world.
A.include B. includes C. including D. included
3. All the works, ____ the painting of shrimps, are on show.
A. include B. includes C. including D. included
4. (改错)The exhibition has lots of art works, include his famous works.
易错点04 词汇辨析 passion / hobby / interest
【助记口诀】interest是兴趣,hobby是爱好;passion酷爱程度高
【错因辨析】
①interest n. 兴趣;好奇心(程度最轻,心里感兴趣,不一定动手做)
搭配:have an interest in sth 对……有兴趣
例:He has an interest in traditional paintings. 他对传统绘画有兴趣。
②hobby n. 业余爱好(休闲活动,业余抽空做,不一定投入毕生精力)
例:Painting is his hobby. 画画是他的业余爱好。
③passion n. 酷爱;激情(程度最强,发自内心强烈热爱,往往坚持一生,人物介绍写作高分词)
搭配:have a passion for sth 酷爱……
例:Qi Baishi had a passion for painting flowers and insects. 齐白石酷爱画花草虫鱼。
简单区分:
interest:只是感兴趣(浅,可只看不动手)
hobby:业余爱好(休闲消遣)
passion:毕生酷爱、挚爱(程度最深,人物传记高频)
错句:Qi Baishi’s hobby for painting never died.
正确:Qi Baishi had a passion for painting. (画画不是齐白石单纯业余消遣,是毕生热爱,用passion更合适)
错句:I have a passion for collecting stamps on weekends.
正确:Collecting stamps is my hobby. (周末集邮只是业余消遣,程度达不到passion)
【对点训练】
1. Qi Baishi had a ____ for painting, so he kept practising all his life.
A.interest B. hobby C. enthusiasm D. passion
2. Reading is my ____. I do it in my free time for fun.
A.passion B. hobby C. feeling D. emotion
3. She has an ____ in ancient art. She just likes reading books about it.
A. interest B. hobby C. passion D. enthusiasm
4. (改错) He has passion for painting.
易错点 05 词汇辨析 china & porcelain
【助记口诀】china 日常瓷餐具,porcelain 书面瓷材料
【错因辨析】
1 china n. 瓷器(日常用词,多指瓷餐具、瓷摆件,小写);大写 China = 中国;小写 china = 瓷器
例:The cup is made of china. 这个杯子是瓷制的。
2 porcelain n. 瓷(书面、专业词汇,侧重瓷器这种材料,艺术文本常用)
例:This porcelain vase is rare. 这件瓷瓶很稀有。
简单区分: china:日常,多指瓷餐具;porcelain:书面,艺术 / 材料描述。
错句:The vase is made of China.
正确:The vase is made of china.(小写才是瓷器)
【对点训练】
1.This beautiful bowl is made of ____.
A. China B. china C. porcelain D. clay
2.The ____ sculpture has a long history.
A. China B. china C. porcelain D. cotton
3.(改错) The plate is made of China.
一、根据所给提示填空
1.齐白石擅长把绘画和民间艺术相融合。
Qi Baishi is good at ________ painting ________ folk art.
2.除了绘画,他还喜爱书法。
________ ________ painting, he also loves calligraphy.
3.池塘里的虾看上去栩栩如生。 The shrimps in the pond look ________.
4.我期待欣赏这些伟大的艺术作品。
I expect ________ ________ these great art works.
5.这位雕塑家在模型上覆盖了一层泥土。 The sculptor ________ the model ________ clay.
二、单项选择
1.My teacher expects me ______ more time on traditional art.
A. spend B. spending C. to spend D. spent
2.He knocked ______ the door, but nobody answered.
A. at B. in C. for D. with
3.The sculptor used special tools ______ the new model.
A. create B. to create C. creating D. created
4.He has lots of works of art ______ for the museum.
A. collect B. collected C. collecting D. to collect
5.It’s necessary for students ______ more about our traditional art.
A. know B. to know C. knowing D. known
三、句型转换。
1.To respect artists’ original works is very important.(改为同义句)
______ ______ very important ______ ______ artists’ original works.
2. The artist used brushstrokes to draw shrimps.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ the artist use brushstrokes ______ ______?
3.Besides paintings, he also loves sculpture.(改为同义句)
______ ______ paintings, he also loves sculpture.
4.He combines Chinese art with western skills.(改为同义句)
He ______ Chinese art ______ western skills.
5.She has no time. She will copy the work.(合并句子)
She has no time ______ ______ the work.
四、阅读理解
A
Vincent Van Gogh was a Dutch painter who lived from 1853 to 1890. He is one of the most famous artists in history, but during his lifetime, he sold only one painting. Van Gogh was a passionate and emotional artist. He used bright colors and bold brushstrokes to express his feelings. His most famous works include The Starry Night, Sunflowers, and The Bedroom.
Van Gogh’s life was full of struggles. He suffered from mental illness and often felt lonely and misunderstood. Despite his difficulties, he continued to paint with great energy and creativity. He produced over 2,000 artworks in just ten years. After his death, his work became incredibly popular. Today, his paintings are worth millions of dollars and are displayed in major museums around the world.
Van Gogh once said, “I dream my painting and I paint my dream.” His story teaches us that true art comes from the heart and that passion can overcome hardship.
1.How many paintings did Van Gogh sell during his lifetime?
A.None. B.One. C.Over 2,000. D.Millions.
2.What style did Van Gogh use in his paintings?
A.Dark colors and smooth strokes. B.Bright colors and bold brushstrokes.
C.Only black and white. D.Soft and delicate lines.
3.What challenges did Van Gogh face in his life?
A.He was very rich. B.He suffered from mental illness and loneliness.
C.He had no talent. D.He never painted.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Van Gogh’s life was full of happiness. B.Van Gogh’s passion for art and his life story.
C.Van Gogh only painted sunflowers. D.Van Gogh was a famous sculptor.
5.What can we learn from Van Gogh’s story?
A.Success comes easily. B.Passion can help us overcome hardship.
C.Only famous artists can be successful. D.Art is not important.
B
Wu Wei is a quiet but world-famous local sculptor living in Sunshine Town. Hardly anyone in this small town doesn’t know his amazing stone sculptures. People often use the sentence “his work shouts” to describe him, even though he seldom takes part in noisy social activities or accepts media interviews. He has rich imagination and spends almost all his spare time creating wonderful stone works for the central square of our town. Every holiday, lots of visitors from different cities drive hundreds of miles to admire his artworks. All his sculptures have won high praise from professional artists in the national art community.
However, Wu Wei never runs after fame or high money. He told local newspaper reporters last year that he only wanted to create warm, meaningful artworks for common townspeople instead of making himself famous all over the country. When many reporters crowd to interview him after winning big art prizes, he always keeps modest and repeats that he still has thousands of new creative ideas to finish. He thinks the most valuable treasure for an artist is moving works, rather than public praise or expensive gifts from visitors.
1.What does the underlined phrase “his work shouts” mean?
A.His stone sculptures can make loud sounds.
B.His artworks are impressive and draw wide attention.
C.He always talks loudly when cutting stones.
D.He cries sadly while creating sculptures.
2.The pronoun “He” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.
A.newspaper reporter B.professional artist
C.sculptor Wu Wei D.town visitor
3.Which fact about Wu Wei is TRUE?
A.He enjoys taking part in all kinds of parties.
B.He creates sculptures just for big prizes and money.
C.He is modest and full of creative imagination.
D.He likes showing off his prizes to every visitor.
4.What can we infer from the whole passage?
A.Wu Wei’s works are only known in this small town.
B.Wu Wei cares little about fame and wealth.
C.Wu Wei hopes reporters visit him every single day.
D.Wu Wei has no new creative plans for future works.
五、完形填空
Art acts as a bridge connecting different cultures. Different countries have their own special art styles. Western artists are good at painting with colours and light, 1 many Chinese painters prefer to show inner spirit through lines.
Lots of world‑famous artists leave valuable works for human beings. Michelangelo was an Italian sculptor and painter 2 created plenty of great art pieces. Picasso was a modern painter 3 works are full of creative thoughts. In China, Qi Baishi is among the most celebrated painters. He painted small things from 4 world, such as birds, insects and fish. His works are simple but lively. He even 5 the International Peace Award in his old age.
Art works are not only for enjoyment, 6 they carry special cultural messages. When we enjoy a piece of art, we should not only notice its look, 7 try to understand the thoughts hidden behind it.
Appreciating art is never an easy task. It 8 time and patience. We need to learn background knowledge and watch details 9 . If we spend time studying art, we will get a much deeper 10 of world cultures.
1.A.while B.if C.so D.because
2.A.which B.whom C.who D.whose
3.A.who B.whose C.which D.that
4.A.nature’s B.nature C.nature of D.natures
5.A.wins B.won C.has won D.will win
6.A.and B.also C.but also D.too
7.A.and B.but C.or D.so
8.A.requires B.is required C.require D.are required
9.A.close B.closely C.closing D.closed
10.A.knowledge B.progress C.understanding D.decision
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