考前押题02 语法填空4大常考话题（期中专项训练）高一英语上学期译林版

考前押题02 语法填空4大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题3 友谊 话题4 青少年身心健康（难点） ①通读文本，析空格，定考向； ②再读文本，析句子，定答案： 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别，所给词的派生词； 无提示词：优先套用连词/关系词、介词、冠词、代词、固定搭配和特殊句型。 话题1学校生活(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (25-26高一上·重庆彭水·期中)It’s school time again! You’re probably ___1___(excite)or a little sad for the vacation is over. Some kids feel ___2___(anxiety)or a little afraid ___3___ the first day of school because of all the new things: new teachers, new friends, or maybe even a new school. ___4___(lucky), these “new” worries only stay around for___5___ while. Let’s find out more about ___6___(go)back to school. Most teachers start the school year by introducing ___7___(they)names and talking about all the things ___8___ you’ll be doing that year. Some teachers give students a chance to say something about themselves to other students in class. When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often go over classroom rules so you’ll know ___9___ you should do and what you should not do. You might already know a lot of people in your class on the first day, but it’s a great day to make new friends, so try to say hello to kids you know or new ones that you don’t. ___10___(make)the first move will lead to a better result. Passage 2 (改编自25-26高一上·湖南长沙·阶段检测)As we all know, senior high school life is full of challenges. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity ___1___(acquire)great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. Most ___2___(importance), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. Put simply, potential is your natural ability ___3___ can be developed when you try hard enough. The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence ___4___ your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to your country. Over the next three years, you ___5___(discover)your potential while you develop as ___6___ student and as a person. To fully realize the potential, it is important for you to make the most of school ___7___(resource). Of equal importance are good study habits, ___8___(use)skills and a positive attitude. In time you will find ___9___(you) growing into a well-rounded individual. Senior high school will help students learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for ___10___ (realize) your great potential. Be confident, do your best and make us proud! Passage 3 (25-26高一上·江苏连云港·阶段检测)Over the past year, our school has ___1___(success)organized a number of activities to promote traditional Chinese festivals. An optional course ___2___(call)Traditional Chinese Festivals started last term. It ___3___(prove)very popular so far. The number of students who have signed up for the course has increased from 50 to 200. Many students say that they have become more interested in traditional festivals and wish to learn more about them. In addition to the course, several competitions ___4___(hold)to promote traditional festivals since last year. The most recent one was the competition to design a poster about traditional festivals. The winning design ___5___( create)by the Art Club, about the Mid-Autumn Festival. Their poster showed a full moon ___6___ the beautiful figure of Chang'e on it. We also had a poetry writing competition. More than 100 students took part and wrote wonderful poems about traditional festivals. The ___7___(win)was Joseph Lin from Class 3C. He wrote a poem about his experience with his grandpa on the Double Ninth Festival. School clubs have also played an important role in promoting traditional Chinese festivals, ___8___ people organize different activities. Just last week, the Theatre Club put on a play about the Qingming Festival in the school hall. The play lasted about 30 minutes and was ___9___ great success. On the Dragon Boat Festival, the Cooking Club taught students how to make rice dumplings. Many students said their handmade rice dumplings were the ___10___ (delicious)they had ever eaten! 话题2亲子关系(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (25-26高一上·云南保山·期末)Adolescence, in general, is ___1___(challenge)for both parents and their children. Many parents struggle to redefine their relationships with their growing children and the changes that come with ___2___. Some may still cling on to(坚持)the ___3___(behave)that was right when the children were little because they are afraid of losing the closeness they ___4___(enjoy)while their child was still little. No parent is perfect, and even parents need help or a little push to get past an emotional hurdle(情感障碍) ___5___ is holding them back. Some may even be ___6___(total)sure that what they’re doing is correct. When the time is right, start a conversation with your mom ___7___ an empathetic(感同身受的)point of view. Tell her that you appreciate all that she has done ___8___(raise)you and the lengths she will go to make sure you are happy and doing well at school, but ___9___ it’s starting to make you uncomfortable. Sometimes, there really is too much of a good thing, and she needs to pull back a bit so you don’t feel ___10___(hold)back from growing up. But no matter what happens, you will be fine. You will still love and appreciate her, and she can trust you on that. Passage 2 (25-26高一上·湖南邵阳·阶段检测)Teenagers are in a period of life ___1___ many changes happen. They are growing physically and mentally, and they are also trying to find their own identity. During this time, it’s common for teens to have ___2___(difficult)in communicating with their parents. One of the reasons for this is that teens and parents have different ___3___(view)on many things. For example, teens may want to stay out late with friends, while parents may worry about their safety. Another reason is that teens often feel that their parents don’t trust them. They may think that their parents are always telling them what to do and don’t let them make their own ___4___(decide). To improve parent-teen communication, both sides need to make efforts. Parents should try to be more ___5___(patience)and listen to their teens’ ideas. They should also give their teens more chances to make decisions and trust them. Teens, on the other hand, should be more open ___6___ their parents. They should share their thoughts and feelings with their parents and try to understand their parents’ concerns. It’s also important for parents and teens to spend quality time together. They can do things like ___7___(cook)a meal together, going for a walk, or watching a movie. This can help them build a closer relationship and improve their communication. In addition, if there is a conflict between parents and teens, they should try to solve it ___8___(peaceful). They should avoid arguing and yelling, and instead try to talk about the problem calmly. By ___9___(do)this, they can avoid making the conflict worse. In conclusion, good communication is the key to a healthy parent-teen relationship. It can help both sides understand each other better and make the teenage years a more pleasant experience for everyone. With ___10___(effort)from both parents and teens, they can build a strong and trusting relationship that will last a lifetime. Passage 3 (25-26高一上·福建龙岩·阶段检测)I was pushed into writing the “top ten problems the young face” after I attended a school programme, where I had the opportunity to interact with many ___1___(teenage). Each conversation was only adding one more item ___2___ the list of problems. About two ___3___(three)of girls in year nine to year twelve “worry about their ___4___(appear)”. ___5___ there were no gender(性别)differences in worries about school, girls are ___6___(anxiety)about getting along with parents and what to do when they are older. Girls are proven to worry more about personal problems and romantic relationships, and are more ___7___(concern)about their own images in peer groups. In fact, the only thing ___8___ boys worry about more than girls is succeeding in their physical activities. What parents need to do is to look at ways to help teens and take responsibility for what we are exposing our teens to right now. We cannot afford ___9___(ignore)the parental duties of bringing them up well from the time they are young. Televisions, computers and other gadgets that they spend most of the time with cannot give them ___10___ bright future. 话题3友谊(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (26-27高一上·全国·课后作业)It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one. Jenny and I ___1___(be)best friends since we were primary school students. Whether we are walking to school, doing homework ___2___ just hanging out at the weekend, we are hardly out of each other’s sight. But last Saturday, she broke my heart when I found out I was tricked by her. Our ___3___(origin)plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon, but it was cancelled because Jenny was sick. Later a classmate told me that she had seen Jenny ___4___(chat)with another girl in the café on Saturday afternoon. I felt so angry that I not only avoided her during school all day but also didn’t respond to any of her online ___5___(message). At a loss what to do next, I turned to online communities ___6___ advice about maintaining friendships. I realised that this friendship was worth saving and I found an opportunity ___7___(have)a full and frank talk with her. She explained that she spent all ___8___ morning recovering at home and then she got a call from a long-lost friend who asked her out for coffee. She made an apology to me and said she didn’t want to let go of our friendship. The incident left me thinking about what it really means to be a good friend. Friendships are like flowers ___9___ need to be taken good care of. Through our conversation, I know that our friendship will grow ___10___(strong)than ever. Passage 2 (25-26高一上·福建厦门·期中)As the old saying goes, “Friends are like liquor(酒): the older, the better.” Many people consider old friends to be more important than new ones. For example, if two pieces of advice ___1___(give)to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from ___2___ old friend, people will prefer the latter one ___3___(base)on the long-term trust rather than the former one, even though the new friend’s advice may be better. I, however, disagree with the old saying, ___4___(believe)that new friends are not ___5___(necessary)worse than old friends. It is not always right ___6___(determine)your friendship by the length of time. Once you call someone a friend, he or she must be a person ___7___ is reliable and whose interests are in common with ___8___(you). It is mainly his or her character and interests that make him or her your friend. It actually has little to do with time. People’s appearance may change, but their character usually ___9___(remain)the same. Therefore, on this point, there are no ___10___ (difference)between old friends and new friends. Passage 3 (25-26高一上·黑龙江大庆·期末)In different cultures, people have ___1___(variety)ideas about friendship, and these ideas can sometimes lead to misunderstandings. In the United States, friendship is often activity-based. Shared experiences, from playing sports to watching movies, are a fundamental(基本的)reason why people become friends. We have noticed that they seem to have many friends who belong to different social circles. Making friends is rather quick and easy for Americans, and the word “friend” is used quite ___2___(wide). However, in many Eastern cultures, such as China and Korea, building a true friendship ___3___(take)more time and effort. Friendship is based on deep emotional bonds(纽带，联系)and___4___strong sense of duty. Once you become close friends, you are almost like family. Friends ___5___(expect)to help each other in times of need, ___6___ is very important in Eastern cultures. Another key distinction(区别)lies in communication. In “direct” cultures, honesty is highly valued and considered a characteristic of true friendship, even if the truth is ___7___(comfortable). In “indirect” cultures, friends often try to avoid direct disagreement to keep good friendship. They believe that a true friend should understand their feelings ___8___ saying everything. So, if you ever have a chance ___9___(make)friends with someone from another culture, remember that there is no single “right” way. Being aware of these ___10___(different)is the first step towards building a strong cross-cultural friendship. 话题4青少年身心健康(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (改编自24-25高一上·湖南郴州·期末)Jennifer Jones, aged 15, felt unwell and fainted in her morning P. E. lesson and ___1___(rush)to hospital. Without ___2___(have)breakfast that day, Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels. Fortunately, she was treated immediately and is now out ___3___ danger. Jennifer has struggled with eating problems for a long time. She thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight. She had not eaten breakfast for months even though she had trouble ___4___(concentrate)in class. In a society ___5___ being thin is often seen as being beautiful, many teenagers turn to extreme methods to slim ___6___ quickly. Health experts are ___7___(concern)and are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. ___8___ this case proves, these so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers. It’s normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and ___9___ is no need to worry about it. In fact, it is important to have a healthy balanced diet, so we strongly encourage all teenagers to follow the proper lifestyles and take ___10___ (effect)ways to get into shape. Passage 2 (25-26高一上·湖南长沙·阶段检测) 30 October Dear Diary, I was very frightened when I ___1___(wake)up in hospital last Thursday. Then my mum told me what happened. She said I fainted in my PE class because of low blood sugar levels. Fortunately, I ___2___(rush)to hospital immediately. The doctor designed ___3___ 8-day nutrition plan to help me and I made a full ___4___(recover)within two weeks. My experience proved ___5___ a bad idea it is to try to lose weight by skipping meals. Now I know this extreme weight-loss method has serious harmful effects. I also understand that being healthy and ___6___(energy)is more important than being slim. From now on, I will pay more attention ___7___ my health rather than my weight. I’ll eat a ___8___(balance)diet to make sure I have enough nutrition. ___9___(exercise)regularly is also an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle. So, I’ll play sport with my friends every other day after school, ___10___ I think will help me concentrate better in class. I hope these lifestyle changes can help me get into shape. Passage 3 (25-26高一上·云南文山·期中)Many people are concerned about the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle, but what does that actually mean? Healthy living is about taking ___1___(responsible)for your decisions and choices for today and for the future. A healthy lifestyle generally ___2___(regard)as a “balanced life” in which one makes “wise choices”. It is a valuable resource for reducing health ___3___(problem), relieving life stress, and improving quality of life. The right nutrition is necessary to live a healthy lifestyle. Your body requires a well-balanced diet every day in order to maintain the proper amounts of vitamins,proteins and minerals ___4___(need)by your body. Physical fitness keeps your weight in check, prevents heart attacks and other harmful effects. ___5___(actual), there are so many benefits of exercising that you really can live a full life with it. Emotional stress plays ___6___ important role in many illnesses, both directly and indirectly. People are also more likely ___7___(smoke), overeat, drink too much, argue ___8___ others and so on, when they are feeling stressed. Thus, stress management is currently a new lifestyle, and relaxation techniques are a key part of having a healthy lifestyle. Being healthy ___9___(be)so important, so more and more people ___10___(take)a healthy lifestyle in the future. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新素材·全国爱牙日：重视口腔健康(个人健康)】National Teeth-care Day falls on September 20 every year in China. It was set up in 1989 to raise public awareness of oral health. Many people ___1___(ignorance)small tooth problems ___2___ they become serious, though oral health is closely connected with our whole body health. Teeth help us chew food and speak clearly. Poor oral conditions may lead ___3___ pain and influence our daily life. Reports show that a large number of teenagers in China suffer ___4___ tooth decay. ___5___(avoid)such problems, we should form good habits. Brushing teeth twice a day with proper methods is necessary. Besides, cutting down on sweet food and drinks can protect our teeth ___6___(effect). It is also advised to have regular dental checks. On this special day, hospitals and schools often organize ___7___(activity). Dentists give free checks and share useful knowledge about tooth ___8___(protect). The aim is ___9___(encourage)people of all ages to pay attention to oral care. Small daily efforts can keep our teeth healthy for a lifetime and bring us ___10___ (confidence) smiles. Passage 2 (原创：融合生物学<激素、褪黑素、神经递质>与心理健康教育内容)Teenagers often feel stressed, partly because their bodies are developing rapidly during adolescence(青春期). Scientific studies show that stress influences both our mental and physical health, ___1___ is closely related to hormone(激素)changes inside our bodies. When we stay up late ___2___(regular), our body fails to produce enough melatonin(褪黑素), making it harder for us to keep focused and active in class. Many teens ignore the simple truth that regular exercise can greatly reduce ___3___(anxious)and improve our mood. Experts suggest teenagers spend at least 30 minutes outdoors every day, ___4___ physical activity helps the brain release happy chemicals to lift moods. Besides, it is wise to keep a ___5___(balance)diet, for nutritious food provides the energy our body needs to grow. If you feel upset for weeks, turn to your teachers or parents ___6___6 help. Don’t keep your worries to ___7___(you). Negative feelings, if left unchecked(不加遏制), may affect your school ___8___(perform)and daily relationships with classmates. It is ___9___(high)recommended that every student value sleep and mental health. A healthy mind lies ___10___ a healthy body, and only when we learn to care for ourselves can we enjoy a peaceful teenage life and face all life challenges bravely. 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题02 语法填空4大常考话题 话题1 学校生活 话题2 亲子关系（常考点） 话题3 友谊 话题4 青少年身心健康（难点） ①通读文本，析空格，定考向； ②再读文本，析句子，定答案： 有提示词：名词看数与所有格，动词看时态、语态与非谓语，形容词副词看级别，所给词的派生词； 无提示词：优先套用连词/关系词、介词、冠词、代词、固定搭配和特殊句型。 话题1学校生活(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (25-26高一上·重庆彭水·期中)It’s school time again! You’re probably ___1___(excite)or a little sad for the vacation is over. Some kids feel ___2___(anxiety)or a little afraid ___3___ the first day of school because of all the new things: new teachers, new friends, or maybe even a new school. ___4___(lucky), these “new” worries only stay around for___5___ while. Let’s find out more about ___6___(go)back to school. Most teachers start the school year by introducing ___7___(they)names and talking about all the things ___8___ you’ll be doing that year. Some teachers give students a chance to say something about themselves to other students in class. When teachers do the talking on the first day, they often go over classroom rules so you’ll know ___9___ you should do and what you should not do. You might already know a lot of people in your class on the first day, but it’s a great day to make new friends, so try to say hello to kids you know or new ones that you don’t. ___10___(make)the first move will lead to a better result. 【答案】 1. excited 2. anxious 3. on 4. Luckily 5. a 6. going 7. their 8. that 9. what 10. Making 【导语】文章主要介绍开学之后学生的心理状态以及开学第一天校园的相关情况。 1. 考查形容词。句意：又到上学时间了！假期已经结束，你或许感到兴奋又或是有点难过。此处作表语，用来描述人的感受，excite是动词，修饰人要使用动词‑ed形式的形容词，故填excited。 2. 考查形容词。句意：有些孩子在开学第一天会感到焦虑或是有点害怕，因为面临各种各样的新事物：新老师、新朋友，甚至可能是一所新学校。feel为系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语，anxiety是名词，用其形容词形式，故填anxious。 3. 考查介词。句意：有些孩子在开学第一天会感到焦虑或是有点害怕，因为面临各种各样的新事物：新老师、新朋友，甚至可能是一所新学校。在具体某一天的前面要使用介词on，故填on。 4. 考查副词。句意：幸运的是，这些“全新的”烦恼只会持续一小段时间。此处作状语修饰整个句子，lucky是形容词，要变为副词形式，位于句首，首字母大写，故填luckily。 5. 考查冠词。句意：幸运的是，这些“全新的”烦恼只会持续一小段时间。固定搭配for a while意为“一会儿”，故填a。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：让我们来进一步了解重返校园的相关事情。介词about后面需要动词-ing形式作宾语，故填going。 7. 考查代词的所有格。句意：大多数老师开启新学年时会介绍他们的名字，并且谈论那一年你们将要做的所有事情。此处修饰名词names，需要使用形容词性物主代词，they是人称代词主格，用其形容词性物主代词，故填their。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：大多数老师开启新学年时会介绍他们的名字，并且谈论那一年你们将要做的所有事情。此处为关系词引导定语从句修饰先行词all the things，先行词被all修饰，从句缺少宾语，所以用关系代词，故填that。 9. 考查宾语从句。句意：当老师在第一天讲课时，他们通常会讲解课堂规则，这样你就会知道你应该做什么，不应该做什么。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作know的宾语，从句中缺少宾语，表示事物，所以用连接代词，故填what。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：主动迈出第一步将会带来更好的结果。此处为动词-ing形式在句中作主语，置于句首，首字母大写，故填Making。 第1小题，混淆动词-ing与动词-ed形容词的用法，忽略修饰人感受要用excited，易误填exciting； 第3小题，时间介词辨析不清，笼统记住in+时间，忽略具体某一天前要用介词on，易误填in； 第8小题，忽略先行词被all修饰，易误填which。 Passage 2 (改编自25-26高一上·湖南长沙·阶段检测)As we all know, senior high school life is full of challenges. When you rise to the challenges, you will have the opportunity ___1___(acquire)great knowledge and enjoy personal growth. Most ___2___(importance), your time and effort at senior high school will open the door to your potential. Put simply, potential is your natural ability ___3___ can be developed when you try hard enough. The possibilities are endless, and I have confidence ___4___ your ability to make a difference to your family, to your community and to your country. Over the next three years, you ___5___(discover)your potential while you develop as ___6___ student and as a person. To fully realize the potential, it is important for you to make the most of school ___7___(resource). Of equal importance are good study habits, ___8___(use)skills and a positive attitude. In time you will find ___9___(you) growing into a well-rounded individual. Senior high school will help students learn and grow, yet you alone are responsible for ___10___ (realize) your great potential. Be confident, do your best and make us proud! 【答案】 1. to acquire 2. importantly 3. which/that 4. in 5. will discover 6. a 7. resources 8. useful 9. yourself 10. realizing 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了高中生活是充满挑战的，但挑战也是提升自我，获得知识和享受成长的机遇，可以充分利用学校资源发掘自身潜力。 1. 考查动词不定式。句意：当你接受挑战时，你将有机会获得丰富的知识，享受个人成长。“have the opportunity to do”，固定短语，意为“有机会做某事”，故填to acquire。 2. 考查副词。句意：最重要的是，你在高中的时间和努力将打开你潜能的大门。分析可知，这里是副词作状语，修饰整个句子。“importance”，名词词，意为“重要性”，其副词形式为“importantly(重要地)”，故填importantly。 3. 考查定语从句引导词。句意：简单地说，潜力是你天生的能力，只要你足够努力，就可以开发出来。 “___3 ___ can be developed when you try hard enough”为之前名词“ability”的定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which/that引导从句，故填which/that。 4. 考查介词和固定短语。句意：可能性是无限的，我相信你有能力为你的家庭、你的社区和你的国家带来改变。“have confidence in…”，固定短语，意为“对……有信心；相信”，故填in。 5. 考查时态。句意：在接下来的三年里，你将在成长为一名学生和独立个体的过程中发掘自己的潜力。所填动词作主句的谓语动词，结合时间状语“Over the next three years”可知，句子用一般将来时，故填will discover。 6. 考查不定冠词。句意：在接下来的三年里，你会发现你作为一个学生和一个人的潜力。“___6___ student”为名词短语，表示泛指，所填应是不定冠词作限定词，故填a。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：为了充分发挥自己的潜力，充分利用学校的资源是很重要的。“school ___7 ___ (resource)”为名词短语作介词“of”的宾语，结合语境，这里用复数形式，故填resources。 8. 考查形容词。句意：良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度同样重要。所填应是形容词作定语，修饰名词“skills”。“use”，动词，意为“用，使用”，其形容词形式为“useful(有用的)”，故填useful。 9. 考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，你会发现自己成长为一个全面发展的人。“find”为及物动词，之后接宾语；同时结合句意可知，这里的宾语和主语“you(你)”为同一个，应是用反身代词形式，结合语境，这里用单数形式，故填yourself。 10. 考查动词-ing形式。句意：高中将帮助学生学习和成长，但你自己负责实现你的巨大潜力。“for”为介词，之后接动词-ing形式作宾语，故填realizing。 第3小题，定语从句先行词是ability，分不清先行词在从句所作成分，易误用where； 第4小题，固定搭配记忆不牢，混淆have confidence in，易误填on； 第5小题，时态判断出错，看到over容易联想到现在完成时，忽略 the next three years表将来，误填 have discovered。 Passage 3 (25-26高一上·江苏连云港·阶段检测)Over the past year, our school has ___1___(success)organized a number of activities to promote traditional Chinese festivals. An optional course ___2___(call)Traditional Chinese Festivals started last term. It ___3___(prove)very popular so far. The number of students who have signed up for the course has increased from 50 to 200. Many students say that they have become more interested in traditional festivals and wish to learn more about them. In addition to the course, several competitions ___4___(hold)to promote traditional festivals since last year. The most recent one was the competition to design a poster about traditional festivals. The winning design ___5___( create)by the Art Club, about the Mid-Autumn Festival. Their poster showed a full moon ___6___ the beautiful figure of Chang'e on it. We also had a poetry writing competition. More than 100 students took part and wrote wonderful poems about traditional festivals. The ___7___(win)was Joseph Lin from Class 3C. He wrote a poem about his experience with his grandpa on the Double Ninth Festival. School clubs have also played an important role in promoting traditional Chinese festivals, ___8___ people organize different activities. Just last week, the Theatre Club put on a play about the Qingming Festival in the school hall. The play lasted about 30 minutes and was ___9___ great success. On the Dragon Boat Festival, the Cooking Club taught students how to make rice dumplings. Many students said their handmade rice dumplings were the ___10___ (delicious)they had ever eaten! 【答案】 1. successfully 2. called 3. has proved/has proven 4. have been held 5. was created 6. with 7. winner 8. where 9. a 10. most delicious 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了在过去一年里，学校通过开设选修课、举办竞赛以及依托社团开展活动等多种方式推广中国传统节日的相关情况，展现了这些活动的受欢迎程度和良好效果。 1. 考查副词。句意：在过去的一年里，我校成功组织了多项活动来推广中国传统节日。此处修饰动词organized，需用副词形式，success的副词是successfully，故填successfully。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一门名为《中国传统节日》的选修课于上学期开课。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词started，空处作非谓语动词；An optional course与call之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。 3. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这门课已经被证明非常受欢迎。根据时间状语so far可知，句子需用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词；主语It是单数，助动词用has，prove的过去分词有proved和proven两种形式，故填has proved/has proven。 4. 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：除了这门课程外，自去年以来学校还举办了好几场竞赛来推广传统节日。根据时间状语since last year可知，句子需用现在完成时；主语several competitions与hold之间是被动关系，需用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have/has been+动词的过去分词；主语为复数，助动词用have，hold的过去分词是held，故填have been held。 5. 考查动词时态和语态和主谓一致。句意：获奖作品是由艺术俱乐部创作的，主题是中秋节。句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；主语The winning design与create之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词；主语为单数，be动词用was，create的过去分词是created，故填was created。 6. 考查介词。句意：他们的海报上展示着一轮满月，上面还有嫦娥的美丽身影。with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构可表示“带有；具有”，符合语境，故填with。 7. 考查名词。句意：获奖者是来自3C班的约瑟夫·林。此处作句子的主语，需用名词形式；根据空后的was可知，主语为单数，win的名词是winner(获胜者)，故填winner。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：学校社团在推广中国传统节日方面也发挥了重要作用，人们在社团里组织各种各样的活动。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 school clubs，在从句中表示在这些社团中，作抽象地点状语，用关系副词 where，故填where。 9. 考查不定冠词。句意：这部剧时长约30分钟，取得了巨大的成功。success在此处表示“一件成功的事”，是可数名词单数，且great以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a，故填a。 10. 考查形容词最高级。句意：很多学生说，他们亲手包的粽子是吃过的最美味的粽子。根据句中的the和they had ever eaten可知，此处需用形容词的最高级形式，delicious的最高级是most delicious，故填most delicious。 第3小题，看到so far知道用现在完成时，但不清楚prove主动表被动，易误填has been proved； 第4小题，since last year提示现在完成时，忽略主语competitions和hold是被动关系，易误填have held； 第10小题，看到the但未抓住they had ever eaten这个最高级标志，易误填delicious。 话题2亲子关系(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (25-26高一上·云南保山·期末)Adolescence, in general, is ___1___(challenge)for both parents and their children. Many parents struggle to redefine their relationships with their growing children and the changes that come with ___2___. Some may still cling on to(坚持)the ___3___(behave)that was right when the children were little because they are afraid of losing the closeness they ___4___(enjoy)while their child was still little. No parent is perfect, and even parents need help or a little push to get past an emotional hurdle(情感障碍) ___5___ is holding them back. Some may even be ___6___(total)sure that what they’re doing is correct. When the time is right, start a conversation with your mom ___7___ an empathetic(感同身受的)point of view. Tell her that you appreciate all that she has done ___8___(raise)you and the lengths she will go to make sure you are happy and doing well at school, but ___9___ it’s starting to make you uncomfortable. Sometimes, there really is too much of a good thing, and she needs to pull back a bit so you don’t feel ___10___(hold)back from growing up. But no matter what happens, you will be fine. You will still love and appreciate her, and she can trust you on that. 【答案】 1. challenging 2. it 3. behavior/behaviour 4. enjoyed 5. which/that 6. totally 7. from 8. to raise 9. that 10. held 【导语】本文是说明文。青春期对父母和孩子都是一个挑战。父母和孩子之间的关系需要重新定义，父母需要适时放手，让孩子自由成长。 1. 考查形容词。句意：总的来说，青春期对父母和孩子都是一个挑战。此处应用形容词challenging作表语，表示“有挑战性的”，故填challenging。 2. 考查代词。句意：许多父母努力重新定义他们与成长中的孩子的关系以及随之而来的变化。此处应用it代指上文提到的Adolescence，作宾语，故填it。 3. 考查名词。句意：有些人可能仍然坚持孩子小时候的行为是正确的，因为他们害怕失去孩子小时候所享有的亲密关系。此处应用名词behavior/behaviour作宾语，that was right是定语从句，修饰先行词behavior/behaviour，that代指behavior/behaviour作主语，由was可知，应用单数，故填behavior/behaviour。4. 考查时态。句意：有些人可能仍然坚持孩子小时候的行为是正确的，因为他们害怕失去孩子小时候所享有的亲密关系。空处作谓语，此处是描述小时候发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填enjoyed。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：没有父母是完美的，即使是父母也需要帮助或者一点推动来跨越阻碍他们前进的情感障碍。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an emotional hurdle，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which/that引导定语从句，故填which/that。 6. 考查副词。句意：有些人甚至可能完全确信他们所做的是正确的。此处应用副词totally作状语，修饰形容词sure，故填totally。 7. 考查介词。句意：当时机合适的时候，从一个移情的角度开始和你的妈妈交谈。此处表示“从……的角度”，应用介词from，构成短语from...point of view，故填from。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：告诉她，你很感激她为了抚养你所做的一切，也很感激她为了确保你在学校过得开心，做得很好而付出的努力，但是这已经开始让你感到不舒服了。此处应用不定式表示目的，作目的状语，故填to raise。 9. 考查宾语从句。句意：告诉她，你很感激她为了抚养你所做的一切，也很感激她为了确保你在学校过得开心，做得很好而付出的努力，但是这已经开始让你感到不舒服了。空处引导宾语从句，从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导，此处是第二个宾语从句，所以that不能省略，故填that。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：有时候，真的有太多的好东西，她需要收敛一点，这样你就不会觉得在成长过程中被束缚。feel是感官动词，此处应用非谓语动词作表语，主语you和动词hold是被动关系，应用过去分词作表语，hold back固定搭配，意为“抑制”，故填held。 第4小题，看到while从句为一般过去时，未判断动作发生在孩子年幼时，易误填have enjoyed； 第5小题，先行词an emotional hurdle指物且在从句作主语，分不清成分，易误填where； 第10小题，未判断出you和hold back是被动关系，误填hold。 Passage 2 (25-26高一上·湖南邵阳·阶段检测)Teenagers are in a period of life ___1___ many changes happen. They are growing physically and mentally, and they are also trying to find their own identity. During this time, it’s common for teens to have ___2___(difficult)in communicating with their parents. One of the reasons for this is that teens and parents have different ___3___(view)on many things. For example, teens may want to stay out late with friends, while parents may worry about their safety. Another reason is that teens often feel that their parents don’t trust them. They may think that their parents are always telling them what to do and don’t let them make their own ___4___(decide). To improve parent-teen communication, both sides need to make efforts. Parents should try to be more ___5___(patience)and listen to their teens’ ideas. They should also give their teens more chances to make decisions and trust them. Teens, on the other hand, should be more open ___6___ their parents. They should share their thoughts and feelings with their parents and try to understand their parents’ concerns. It’s also important for parents and teens to spend quality time together. They can do things like ___7___(cook)a meal together, going for a walk, or watching a movie. This can help them build a closer relationship and improve their communication. In addition, if there is a conflict between parents and teens, they should try to solve it ___8___(peaceful). They should avoid arguing and yelling, and instead try to talk about the problem calmly. By ___9___(do)this, they can avoid making the conflict worse. In conclusion, good communication is the key to a healthy parent-teen relationship. It can help both sides understand each other better and make the teenage years a more pleasant experience for everyone. With ___10___(effort)from both parents and teens, they can build a strong and trusting relationship that will last a lifetime. 【答案】 1. when 2. difficulty 3. views 4. decisions 5. patient 6. with 7. cooking 8. peacefully 9. doing 10. efforts 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了青少年与父母之间沟通的问题及改善方法。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：青少年正处于许多变化发生的生命阶段。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是a period of life，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，因此用关系副词when引导，故填when。 2. 考查名词。句意：在这段时间里，青少年在与父母沟通方面有困难是很常见的。空格处作have的宾语，因此用名词形式difficulty“困难”。have difficulty in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故填difficulty。 3. 考查名词复数。句意：其中一个原因是青少年和父母在许多事情上有不同的看法。空格处作have的宾语，因此用名词形式view“看法”，根据different可知，用复数形式，故填views。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：他们可能认为他们的父母总是告诉他们该做什么，不让他们自己做决定。空格处作宾语，因此用名词形式decision，此处表示不止一个决定，因此用复数形式，故填decisions。 5. 考查形容词。句意：父母应该尽量更有耐心，倾听青少年的想法。空格处作表语，用形容词形式patient“有耐心的”，与more构成形容词的比较级，故填patient。 6. 考查介词。句意：另一方面，青少年应该对父母更坦诚。be open with是固定短语，意为“对……坦诚”，with为介词，故填with。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们可以一起做饭、散步或看电影。本空作介词like的宾语，用cook“做饭”的动词-ing形式cooking，故填cooking。 8. 考查副词。句意：此外，如果父母和青少年之间有冲突，他们应该尝试和平地解决它。空格处修饰动词solve，用副词形式peacefully“和平地”，作状语，故填peacefully。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过这样做，他们可以避免使冲突恶化。本空作介词By的宾语，用do“做”的动词-ing形式doing，故填doing。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：在父母和青少年的共同努力下，他们可以建立一种牢固而信任的关系，这种关系将持续一生。空格处作With的宾语，因此用名词形式effort“努力”，此处表示不止一次努力，因此用复数形式，故填efforts。 第1小题，定语从句先行词是a period of life，分不清先行词在从句所作成分，易误用 which/that； 第6小题，固定搭配记忆不牢，混淆be open with sb.与 be open to sth.，易误填to； 第8小题，词性修饰关系不清，修饰动词solve需要副词，混淆形容词 peaceful和副词peacefully，易误填peaceful。 Passage 3 (25-26高一上·福建龙岩·阶段检测)I was pushed into writing the “top ten problems the young face” after I attended a school programme, where I had the opportunity to interact with many ___1___(teenage). Each conversation was only adding one more item ___2___ the list of problems. About two ___3___(three)of girls in year nine to year twelve “worry about their ___4___(appear)”. ___5___ there were no gender(性别)differences in worries about school, girls are ___6___(anxiety)about getting along with parents and what to do when they are older. Girls are proven to worry more about personal problems and romantic relationships, and are more ___7___(concern)about their own images in peer groups. In fact, the only thing ___8___ boys worry about more than girls is succeeding in their physical activities. What parents need to do is to look at ways to help teens and take responsibility for what we are exposing our teens to right now. We cannot afford ___9___(ignore)the parental duties of bringing them up well from the time they are young. Televisions, computers and other gadgets that they spend most of the time with cannot give them ___10___ bright future. 【答案】 1. teenagers 2. to 3. thirds 4. appearance 5. While/Although/Though 6. anxious 7. concerned 8. that 9. to ignore 10. a 【导语】本文为说明文。短文讲述作者在和青少年交流后，总结青少年面临的各类烦恼，并提出父母应当承担帮助青少年的责任，而电视、电脑等电子设备无法给青少年带来光明的未来。 1. 考查名词复数。句意：在我参加了一个学校项目之后，我被敦促着写下“年轻人面临的十大问题”，在这个项目中我有机会和许多青少年交流。many后接可数名词复数形式，teenage为形容词，其名词形式为teenager，用其复数形式，故填teenagers。 2. 考查动词短语中的介词。句意：每一次对话都只是给问题清单又增加了一个新条目。动词短语add sth to sth表示“把……添加到……”，故填to。 3. 考查分数表达。句意：九年级到十二年级中，大约三分之二的女孩会“担心她们的外貌”。英语中分数表达规则为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；当分子大于1时，分母需要用序数词的复数形式。本题中分子是two，对应分母“三”的序数词复数形式，故填thirds。 4. 考查名词。句意同上。空格前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，因此需要填入名词，appear是动词，用其名词形式，故填appearance。 5. 考查状语从句。句意：尽管在对学校的担忧方面不存在性别差异，但女孩对于和父母相处以及长大之后该做什么会感到焦虑。逗号前后为让步关系，空处引导让步状语从句，首字母大写，故填While/Although /Though。 6. 考查形容词。句意同上。空格处位于系动词are之后，作表语，构成“be anxious about”的固定搭配，故填容词形式anxious。 7. 考查形容词。句意：事实证明，女孩更担心个人问题和恋爱关系，也更关注自己在同龄群体中的形象。空格处位于are之后，作表语，构成固定搭配“be concerned about”，故填concerned。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，唯一一件男孩比女孩更担心的事情就是在体育活动中取得成功。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the only thing，thing被the only修饰，且空处在定语从句中作宾语，指代事物，因此只能用关系代词that引导定语从句，that 在从句中作 worry about 的宾语，故填that。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不能承担起忽视父母责任的后果，父母的责任是从孩子年幼的时候开始好好抚养他们长大。固定搭配cannot afford to do sth.表示“负担不起做某事，不能承受做某事的后果”，故填to ignore。 10. 考查冠词。句意：他们大部分时间都在接触的电视、电脑和其他设备，无法给他们带来一个光明的未来。此处泛指一个光明的未来，bright是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。 第3小题，分数表达规则记忆不清，分子大于 1 时分母序数词要变复数，易误填third； 第5小题，分析上下内在逻辑关系出错，易误用when； 第8小题，未注意定语从句先行词被 the only 修饰，易误填which。 话题3友谊(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (26-27高一上·全国·课后作业)It is often difficult to start a friendship and even more difficult to keep one. Jenny and I ___1___(be)best friends since we were primary school students. Whether we are walking to school, doing homework ___2___ just hanging out at the weekend, we are hardly out of each other’s sight. But last Saturday, she broke my heart when I found out I was tricked by her. Our ___3___(origin)plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon, but it was cancelled because Jenny was sick. Later a classmate told me that she had seen Jenny ___4___(chat)with another girl in the café on Saturday afternoon. I felt so angry that I not only avoided her during school all day but also didn’t respond to any of her online ___5___(message). At a loss what to do next, I turned to online communities ___6___ advice about maintaining friendships. I realised that this friendship was worth saving and I found an opportunity ___7___(have)a full and frank talk with her. She explained that she spent all ___8___ morning recovering at home and then she got a call from a long-lost friend who asked her out for coffee. She made an apology to me and said she didn’t want to let go of our friendship. The incident left me thinking about what it really means to be a good friend. Friendships are like flowers ___9___ need to be taken good care of. Through our conversation, I know that our friendship will grow ___10___(strong)than ever. 【答案】 1. have been 2. or 3. original 4. chatting 5. messages 6. for 7. to have 8. the 9. which/that 10. stronger 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和好朋友珍妮之间产生误会并重建友谊的故事。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我和珍妮从小学起就是最好的朋友。由since可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语Jenny and I是复数，因此空格处是have been，故填have been。 2. 考查固定搭配。句意：无论是去上学，做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们几乎都离不开彼此的视线。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……”，因此空格处是or，故填or。 3. 考查形容词。句意：我们原计划那天下午去电影院看电影，但因为珍妮生病而取消了。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词plan，origin的形容词是original，意为“原先的”，故填original。 4. 考查动词-ing形式。句意：后来一个同学告诉我，她在星期六下午看到珍妮和另一个女孩在咖啡馆聊天。see sb. doing sth.是固定短语，意为“看见某人在做某事”，因此空格处是动词-ing形式chatting作宾补，故填chatting。 5. 考查名词的复数。句意：我很生气，不仅在学校里一整天都躲着她，而且在网上也没有回复她的任何信息。message是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数形式，故填messages。 6. 考查介词。句意：不知下一步该怎么办，我转向网络社区寻求维持友谊的建议。turn to sb. for advice是固定短语，意为“向某人寻求建议”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。 7. 考查不定式。句意：我意识到这段友谊是值得挽救的，我找了一个机会和她进行了一次全面而坦率的谈话。opportunity是机会，其后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处是不定式to have，故填to have。 8. 考查定冠词。句意：她解释说，她整个上午都在家里养病，然后她接到一个久别重逢的朋友打来的电话，约她出去喝咖啡。all the morning为通常用法，意为“整个上午”，因此空格处用定冠词the，故填the。 9. 考查定语从句。句意：友谊就像花朵，需要精心照料。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词flowers指物，因此用关系代词which/that引导定语从句，故填which/that。 10. 考查比较级。句意：通过我们的谈话，我知道我们的友谊将更加牢固。由than可知，空格处用形容词比较级stronger，故填stronger。 第4小题，see sb. doing与see sb. do相混淆，分不清是看见动作正在发生还是全过程，易误填chat； 第6小题，未能整体把握turn to sb. for sth.的结构，易误填of； 第9小题，定语从句成分判断失误，先行词flowers 在从句作主语，易误用where。 Passage 2 (25-26高一上·福建厦门·期中)As the old saying goes, “Friends are like liquor(酒): the older, the better.” Many people consider old friends to be more important than new ones. For example, if two pieces of advice ___1___(give)to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from ___2___ old friend, people will prefer the latter one ___3___(base)on the long-term trust rather than the former one, even though the new friend’s advice may be better. I, however, disagree with the old saying, ___4___(believe)that new friends are not ___5___(necessary)worse than old friends. It is not always right ___6___(determine)your friendship by the length of time. Once you call someone a friend, he or she must be a person ___7___ is reliable and whose interests are in common with ___8___(you). It is mainly his or her character and interests that make him or her your friend. It actually has little to do with time. People’s appearance may change, but their character usually ___9___(remain)the same. Therefore, on this point, there are no ___10___ (difference)between old friends and new friends. 【答案】 1. are given 2. an 3. based 4. believing 5. necessarily 6. to determine 7. who/that 8. yours 9. remains 10. differences 【导语】文章主要围绕老话“朋友如酒，越久越醇”展开论述，表达作者并不认同老友一定优于新朋友的观点，并阐明评判友情的核心依据。 1. 考查动词语态。句意：例如，若为解决同一个问题给出两条建议，一条来自新朋友，另一条来自老朋友，人们往往会凭借长久以来的信任偏向后者，而非前者，即便新朋友的建议或许更为妥当。此处为谓语动词，陈述普遍情况用一般现在时，主语two pieces of advice与give之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，故填are given。 2. 考查冠词。句意：例如，若为解决同一个问题给出两条建议，一条来自新朋友，另一条来自老朋友，人们往往会凭借长久以来的信任偏向后者，而非前者，即便新朋友的建议或许更为妥当。friend为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，结合句意，此处表示一位老朋友，为泛指，且old是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，若为解决同一个问题给出两条建议，一条来自新朋友，另一条来自老朋友，人们往往会凭借长久以来的信任偏向后者，而非前者，即便新朋友的建议或许更为妥当。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合固定搭配be based on意为“依据”可知，去掉be动词，所以此处使用过去分词based。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而我并不认同这句老话，认为新朋友未必比不上老朋友。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，believe与逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式，故填believing。 5. 考查副词。句意：然而我并不认同这句老话，认为新朋友未必比不上老朋友。此处用来修饰形容词比较级worse，需用副词作状语，用necessary的副词形式，故填necessarily。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：凭借相处时间长短来判定友情深浅并不总是正确的。此处固定句型it is right to do sth.意为“做某事是正确的”，其中it为形式主语，用动词不定式作真正主语，故填to determine。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：一旦你认定某人为朋友，那此人必定是可靠的，且与你志趣相投。此处引导定语从句，先行词为person指人，从句中缺少主语，故填who或that。 8. 考查代词。句意：一旦你认定某人为朋友，那此人必定是可靠的，且志趣与你的(兴趣)相投。此处指代你的兴趣爱好，后面无名词，需要用名词性物主代词yours。 9. 考查动词时态。句意：人的外貌或许会改变，但品性通常始终如一。此处为谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语character为第三人称单数，故填remains。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：因此在这一点上，老朋友和新朋友之间并无差别。限定词no后接可数名词复数形式，difference“差别”的复数形式，故填differences。 第1小题，被动语态判断疏漏，没看清主语two pieces of advice和give是被动关系，易误填give； 第3小题，be based on作谓语部分，作非谓语用时，不可以用being based on，being based； 第4小题，分不清谓语与非谓语，已有谓语disagree，不能再用谓语形式believed，易误填believed。 Passage 3 (25-26高一上·黑龙江大庆·期末)In different cultures, people have ___1___(variety)ideas about friendship, and these ideas can sometimes lead to misunderstandings. In the United States, friendship is often activity-based. Shared experiences, from playing sports to watching movies, are a fundamental(基本的)reason why people become friends. We have noticed that they seem to have many friends who belong to different social circles. Making friends is rather quick and easy for Americans, and the word “friend” is used quite ___2___(wide). However, in many Eastern cultures, such as China and Korea, building a true friendship ___3___(take)more time and effort. Friendship is based on deep emotional bonds(纽带，联系)and___4___strong sense of duty. Once you become close friends, you are almost like family. Friends ___5___(expect)to help each other in times of need, ___6___ is very important in Eastern cultures. Another key distinction(区别)lies in communication. In “direct” cultures, honesty is highly valued and considered a characteristic of true friendship, even if the truth is ___7___(comfortable). In “indirect” cultures, friends often try to avoid direct disagreement to keep good friendship. They believe that a true friend should understand their feelings ___8___ saying everything. So, if you ever have a chance ___9___(make)friends with someone from another culture, remember that there is no single “right” way. Being aware of these ___10___(different)is the first step towards building a strong cross-cultural friendship. 【答案】 1. various 2. widely 3. takes 4. a 5. are expected 6. which 7. uncomfortable 8. without 9. to make 10. differences 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对比了东西方文化中友谊观念的差异，并指出认识并理解这些差异是建立成功跨文化友谊的基础。 1. 考查形容词。句意：在不同的文化中，人们对友谊有着各种各样的看法，这些看法有时可能导致误解。空处作修饰ideas的定语，形容词various符合题意，意为“各种各样的”，故填various。 2. 考查副词。句意：对美国人来说，交朋友相当快速和容易，“朋友”这个词的使用也相当广泛。空处修饰动词used，副词widely符合题意，意为“广泛地”，故填widely。 3. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，在许多东方文化中，例如中国和韩国，建立一段真正的友谊需要更多的时间和精力。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，应用一般现在时，且主语是单个动词-ing形式短语，take“花费”需用第三人称单数形式，故填takes。 4. 考查冠词。句意：友谊建立在深厚的情感纽带和一份强烈的责任感之上。空处表示泛指，意为“一份强烈的责任感”，应用不定冠词，且strong的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。 5. 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：朋友被期望在需要时互相帮助，这一点在东方文化中非常重要。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，expect“期待”和主语Friends之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are，故填are expected。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：朋友被期望在需要时互相帮助，这一点在东方文化中非常重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词，故填which。 7. 考查形容词。句意：在“直接”的文化中，诚实备受重视，被认为是真正友谊的特征，即使真相令人不快。空处作表语，结合“even if”表示让步关系可知，形容词uncomfortable符合题意，意为“不舒服的”，故填uncomfortable。 8. 考查介词。句意：他们认为，一个真正的朋友应该不用说一切就能理解他们的感受。空后是动词-ing形式短语saying everything，结合前一句的“In “indirect” cultures, friends often try to avoid direct disagreement to keep good friendship.”可知，意为“没有，无需”的介词without符合题意，表示“不用说一切就能理解他们的感受”，故填without。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，如果你有机会与来自另一种文化的人交朋友，请记住，没有单一的“正确”方式。名词chance后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的机会”，因此用make的不定式形式，故填to make。 10. 考查名词复数。句意：意识到这些差异，是建立牢固跨文化友谊的第一步。空处作of的宾语，结合前面所谈的不同观念可知，名词difference“差异”符合题意，these后可数名词difference需用复数形式，故填differences。 第3小题，动词-ing形式短语作主语，谓语要用三单，易误填 take； 第5小题，未识别主语Friends和expect是被动关系，误用主动，易误填expect； 第7小题，忽略even if表示让步的逻辑，不考虑词义转折，易误填comfortable。 话题4青少年身心健康(共3篇) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 (改编自24-25高一上·湖南郴州·期末)Jennifer Jones, aged 15, felt unwell and fainted in her morning P. E. lesson and ___1___(rush)to hospital. Without ___2___(have)breakfast that day, Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels. Fortunately, she was treated immediately and is now out ___3___ danger. Jennifer has struggled with eating problems for a long time. She thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight. She had not eaten breakfast for months even though she had trouble ___4___(concentrate)in class. In a society ___5___ being thin is often seen as being beautiful, many teenagers turn to extreme methods to slim ___6___ quickly. Health experts are ___7___(concern)and are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. ___8___ this case proves, these so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers. It’s normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and ___9___ is no need to worry about it. In fact, it is important to have a healthy balanced diet, so we strongly encourage all teenagers to follow the proper lifestyles and take ___10___ (effect)ways to get into shape. 【答案】 1. was rushed 2. having 3. of 4. concentrating 5. in which/where 6. down 7. concerned 8. As 9. there 10. effective 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了15岁的Jennifer Jones因长期不吃早餐等饮食问题在体育课上晕倒送医的经历，借此强调青少年不应采用极端方式减肥，而应保持健康均衡饮食和正确生活方式。 1. 考查被动语态和时态。句意：15岁的Jennifer Jones在上午的体育课上感到不适晕倒，被紧急送往医院。主语Jennifer Jones与rush之间是被动关系，且根据前文felt可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/ were+过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，故填was rushed。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：那天没吃早餐，Jennifer被发现血糖水平低到危险程度。without是介词，其后接动词时应用动词-ing形式作宾语，故填having。 3. 考查介词。句意：幸运的是，她得到了及时治疗，现在已脱离危险。out of danger是固定短语，意为“脱离危险”，故填of。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管她在课堂上难以集中注意力，她还是有好几个月没吃早餐了。have trouble(in)doing sth.是固定结构，意为“做某事有困难”，故填concentrating。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：在一个以瘦为美的社会里，许多青少年采用极端方法快速瘦身。先行词是society，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用in which或关系副词where引导定语从句，故填in which或where。 6. 考查固定搭配。句意：在一个瘦常被视为美的社会里，许多青少年采用极端方法快速瘦身。slim down是固定短语，意为变瘦、瘦身，故填down。 7. 考查形容词。句意：健康专家对此感到担忧，并加大力度教育青少年过快减肥的副作用。根据空格前的be动词可知此处要填形容词作表语，concern的形容词形式是concerned，意为“感到担忧的”，故填concerned。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：正如这个案例所证明的，这些所谓的“快速解决方法”被证明对青少年有害。as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如、就像”。句首首字母大写，故填As。 9. 考查固定句型。句意：青少年有点超重是正常的，没必要担心。there is no need to do sth.是固定句型，意为“没必要做某事”，故填there。 10. 考查副词。句意：事实上，保持健康均衡的饮食很重要，所以我们强烈鼓励所有青少年遵循正确的生活方式，采取有效方法保持身材。此处修饰名词ways，应用形容词，故填effective。 第1小题，没有识别主语Jennifer与rush的被动关系，易误填rushed； 第5小题，先行词society在从句充当地点状语，分不清关系副词与关系代词，易误填which； 第8小题，as引导非限制性定语从句表“正如”，混淆as与what的用法，易误填What。 Passage 2 (25-26高一上·湖南长沙·阶段检测) 30 October Dear Diary, I was very frightened when I ___1___(wake)up in hospital last Thursday. Then my mum told me what happened. She said I fainted in my PE class because of low blood sugar levels. Fortunately, I ___2___(rush)to hospital immediately. The doctor designed ___3___ 8-day nutrition plan to help me and I made a full ___4___(recover)within two weeks. My experience proved ___5___ a bad idea it is to try to lose weight by skipping meals. Now I know this extreme weight-loss method has serious harmful effects. I also understand that being healthy and ___6___(energy)is more important than being slim. From now on, I will pay more attention ___7___ my health rather than my weight. I’ll eat a ___8___(balance)diet to make sure I have enough nutrition. ___9___(exercise)regularly is also an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle. So, I’ll play sport with my friends every other day after school, ___10___ I think will help me concentrate better in class. I hope these lifestyle changes can help me get into shape. 【答案】 1. woke 2. was rushed 3. an 4. recovery 5. what 6. energetic 7. to 8. balanced 9. Exercising 10. which 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要记录作者因低血糖晕倒住院的经历，反思极端减肥的危害，并规划未来健康的生活方式。 1. 考查动词时态。句意：上周四我在医院醒来时，心里非常害怕。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“last Thursday”及主句中的was可知，此处句子用一般过去时，所以when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词用wake的过去式woke，故填woke。 2. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：幸运的是，我立即被送往了医院。此处为谓语动词，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且I与rush为被动关系，所以此处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第一人称，所以be动词用was，故填was rushed。 3. 考查冠词。句意：医生为我制定了一个8天的营养计划，我在两周内就完全康复了。plan为可数名词单数，结合句意，此处泛指“一个8天的营养计划”，8-day是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an，故填an。 4. 考查名词。句意同上。此处作made的宾语，且有a full修饰，用recover的名词形式recovery，意为“康复”，故填recovery。 5. 考查宾语从句。句意：我的经历证明，通过不吃饭来减肥是个糟糕的主意。此处引导宾语从句，从句为感叹句结构，中心词为名词idea，用连接词what，故填what。 6. 考查形容词。句意：我也明白了，健康和精力充沛比苗条更重要。此处与healthy并列作表语，用energy的形容词形式energetic，意为“精力充沛的”，故填energetic。 7. 考查介词。句意：从现在起，我会更关注我的健康，而不是我的体重。此处为固定搭配pay attention to，意为“关注”，用介词to，故填to。 8. 考查形容词。句意：我会均衡饮食，确保摄入足够的营养。此处修饰名词diet，用balance的形容词形式balanced，意为“均衡的”，故填balanced。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：定期锻炼也是健康生活方式的一个重要方面。此处作句子的主语，用动词-ing形式exercising，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Exercising。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：所以，我会每隔一天放学后和朋友们一起做运动，我认为这会帮助我在课堂上更好地集中注意力。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，I think为插入语，所以关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which，故填which。 第2小题，未识别主语I和rush存在被动关系，直接套用一般过去时主动形式，易误填 rushed； 第5小题，宾语从句内嵌感叹结构，中心词是名词idea，分不清what/how的用法，易误填 how； 第9小题，作句子主语需要动词-ing形式，混淆谓语原形与非谓语，易误填Exercise。 Passage 3 (25-26高一上·云南文山·期中)Many people are concerned about the benefits of living a healthy lifestyle, but what does that actually mean? Healthy living is about taking ___1___(responsible)for your decisions and choices for today and for the future. A healthy lifestyle generally ___2___(regard)as a “balanced life” in which one makes “wise choices”. It is a valuable resource for reducing health ___3___(problem), relieving life stress, and improving quality of life. The right nutrition is necessary to live a healthy lifestyle. Your body requires a well-balanced diet every day in order to maintain the proper amounts of vitamins,proteins and minerals ___4___(need)by your body. Physical fitness keeps your weight in check, prevents heart attacks and other harmful effects. ___5___(actual), there are so many benefits of exercising that you really can live a full life with it. Emotional stress plays ___6___ important role in many illnesses, both directly and indirectly. People are also more likely ___7___(smoke), overeat, drink too much, argue ___8___ others and so on, when they are feeling stressed. Thus, stress management is currently a new lifestyle, and relaxation techniques are a key part of having a healthy lifestyle. Being healthy ___9___(be)so important, so more and more people ___10___(take)a healthy lifestyle in the future. 【答案】 1. responsibility 2. is regarded 3. problems 4. needed 5. Actually 6. an 7. to smoke 8. with 9. is 10. will take   【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕健康生活方式的定义展开，从营养、健身、压力管理三个核心维度阐述其重要性，最后指出未来会有更多人践行健康生活方式。    1. 考查名词。句意：健康生活意味着为你当下和未来的决定与选择负责。根据动词“taking”可知，此处需接名词作宾语，“responsible”的名词形式为“responsibility”，且“take responsibility for”为固定搭配，意为“对……负责”，故填responsibility。 2. 考查被动语态。句意：健康的生活方式通常被认为是一种“平衡的生活”，在这种生活中人们会做出“明智的选择”。本句主语“A healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式)”与谓语动词“regard(认为)”之间是被动关系(被认为)，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are + 过去分词”；主语为单数，be动词用is，regard的过去分词为regarded，故填is regarded。 3. 考查名词复数。句意：它是减少健康问题、缓解生活压力和提高生活质量的宝贵资源。“problem(问题)”是可数名词，结合语境可知健康问题不止一种，需用复数形式表泛指，故填problems。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：你的身体每天都需要均衡的饮食，以维持身体所需的适量维生素、蛋白质和矿物质。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词“keeps”，其与所给动词“need”之间无连词，故空格处需用非谓语作后置定语修饰“vitamins, proteins and minerals(维生素、蛋白质和矿物质)”，且与被修饰词之间是被动关系(被身体需要)，应用动词-ed形式，故填needed。 5. 考查副词。句意：事实上，锻炼有很多好处，有了它你真的可以过上充实的生活。此处需用副词修饰整个句子，“actual”的副词形式为“actually”，意为事实上，句首单词首字母需大写，故填Actually。 6. 考查冠词。句意：情绪压力在许多疾病中扮演着重要角色，无论是直接还是间接的。“play an important role in”为固定搭配，意为“在……中扮演重要角色”，“important”以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词“an”，故填an。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当人们感到压力时，他们也更有可能吸烟、暴饮暴食、酗酒、与他人争吵等等。“be likely to do sth.”为固定用法，意为“有可能做某事”，因此空处需填动词不定式，故填to smoke。 8. 考查介词。句意：当人们感到压力时，他们也更有可能吸烟、暴饮暴食、酗酒、与他人争吵等等。根据空前的动词“argue(争吵)”和空后的代词“others(他人)”可知，此处应填入介词with，构成为固定搭配“argue with sb.”，意为“与某人争吵”，故填with。 9. 考查主谓一致。句意：健康是如此重要，所以未来会有越来越多的人践行健康的生活方式。本句主语“Being healthy(健康)”是动词-ing形式短语作主语，视为单数，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填is。 10. 考查动词时态。句意：健康是如此重要，所以未来会有越来越多的人践行健康的生活方式。根据时间状语“in the future(在未来)”可知，此处需用一般将来时“will +动词原形”，故填will take。   第2小题，主语lifestyle和regard存在被动关系，忽略一般现在时被动结构，易误填regards； 第4小题，后置定语表被动直接用needed，不清楚being done作后置定语的适用场景(表示“被动且进行”)，易误填being needed； 第9小题，动名词短语作主语视作单数，主谓一致判断失误，易误填are。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新素材·全国爱牙日：重视口腔健康(个人健康)】National Teeth-care Day falls on September 20 every year in China. It was set up in 1989 to raise public awareness of oral health. Many people ___1___(ignorance)small tooth problems ___2___ they become serious, though oral health is closely connected with our whole body health. Teeth help us chew food and speak clearly. Poor oral conditions may lead ___3___ pain and influence our daily life. Reports show that a large number of teenagers in China suffer ___4___ tooth decay. ___5___(avoid)such problems, we should form good habits. Brushing teeth twice a day with proper methods is necessary. Besides, cutting down on sweet food and drinks can protect our teeth ___6___(effect). It is also advised to have regular dental checks. On this special day, hospitals and schools often organize ___7___(activity). Dentists give free checks and share useful knowledge about tooth ___8___(protect). The aim is ___9___(encourage)people of all ages to pay attention to oral care. Small daily efforts can keep our teeth healthy for a lifetime and bring us ___10___ (confidence) smiles. 1. ignore 2. until/before 3. to 4. from 5. To avoid 6. effectively 7. activities 8. protection 9. to encourage 10. confident 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕全国爱牙日展开，介绍设立爱牙日的目的、口腔健康的重要性以及保护牙齿的方法，呼吁大众重视口腔护理。 1. 考查谓语动词。句意：很多人会忽视牙齿的小问题，直到这些问题变得严重，尽管口腔健康与我们全身健康密切相关。本空作句子谓语，主语Many people，一般现在时；名词ignorance转换为动词，故填ignore。 2. 考查连词。句意：很多人会忽视牙齿的小问题，直到这些问题变得严重，尽管口腔健康与我们全身健康密切相关。根据逻辑，填until/before，意为直到/在…… 之前，引导时间状语从句，故填until/before。 3. 考查动词短语中的介词。句意：糟糕的口腔状况可能引发疼痛，影响我们的日常生活。固定搭配lead to，意为“导致，造成”，故填to。 4. 考查动词短语中的介词。句意：报告显示，大量中国青少年患有蛀牙。固定搭配 suffer from，意为“遭受；患(病)”，故填from。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为避免这类问题，我们应当养成良好习惯。此处不定式作目的状语，放句首，首字母大写，故填To avoid。 6. 考查副词。句意：此外，少吃甜食和饮料可以有效地保护我们的牙齿。修饰动词protect要用副词，名词effect转换为形容词effective，再转换为副词，故填effectively。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：在这个特殊的日子，医院和学校经常组织各类活动。activity为可数名词，此处泛指多项活动，用复数，故填activities。 8. 考查名词。句意：牙医提供免费检查，分享有关牙齿保护的实用知识。介词about后面需要名词，动词 protect变为名词，故填protection。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是鼓励各年龄段人群重视口腔护理。不定式to encourage作表语，说明aim的具体内容，故填to encourage。 10. 考查形容词。句意：日常小小的努力能让我们的牙齿终身健康，并带给我们自信的笑容。修饰名词smiles 需要形容词，名词confidence变为形容词，故填confident。 Passage 2 (原创：融合生物学<激素、褪黑素、神经递质>与心理健康教育内容)Teenagers often feel stressed, partly because their bodies are developing rapidly during adolescence(青春期). Scientific studies show that stress influences both our mental and physical health, ___1___ is closely related to hormone(激素)changes inside our bodies. When we stay up late ___2___(regular), our body fails to produce enough melatonin(褪黑素), making it harder for us to keep focused and active in class. Many teens ignore the simple truth that regular exercise can greatly reduce ___3___(anxious)and improve our mood. Experts suggest teenagers spend at least 30 minutes outdoors every day, ___4___ physical activity helps the brain release happy chemicals to lift moods. Besides, it is wise to keep a ___5___(balance)diet, for nutritious food provides the energy our body needs to grow. If you feel upset for weeks, turn to your teachers or parents ___6___6 help. Don’t keep your worries to ___7___(you). Negative feelings, if left unchecked(不加遏制), may affect your school ___8___(perform)and daily relationships with classmates. It is ___9___(high)recommended that every student value sleep and mental health. A healthy mind lies ___10___ a healthy body, and only when we learn to care for ourselves can we enjoy a peaceful teenage life and face all life challenges bravely. 【答案】 1. which 2. regularly 3. anxiety 4. where 5. balanced 6. for 7. yourself 8. performance 9. highly 10. in 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕青少年身心健康展开，结合青春期生理知识，介绍熬夜、运动、饮食、情绪管理等因素对身心状态的影响，呼吁青少年重视睡眠与心理健康。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：科学研究表明压力会影响我们的身心健康，这与体内激素变化密切相关。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句内容，在从句中作主语，故填which。 2. 考查副词。句意：当我们经常熬夜时，身体无法产生足够的褪黑素，这使我们在课堂上更难保持专注和精力充沛。此处修饰动词短语stay up late，要用副词形式，故填regularly。 3. 考查名词。句意：许多青少年忽视这个简单的事实：规律运动能够极大缓解焦虑，改善情绪。动词reduce 后接名词作宾语，用anxious的名词形式，故填anxiety。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：专家建议青少年每天至少户外活动30分钟，在这样的活动中，大脑会释放令人愉悦的化学物质来改善情绪。先行词为every day outdoors，表示抽象地点，where在从句中作地点状语，相当于in which，故填where。 5. 考查形容词。句意：此外，保持均衡饮食是明智的，因为富有营养的食物为身体生长提供所需能量。此处修饰名词diet，要用形容词，balance的形容词形式balanced，balanced diet 意为“均衡饮食”，故填balanced。 6. 考查介词。句意：如果你连续几周感到情绪低落，可以向老师或父母求助。固定搭配turn to sb. for help，意为“向某人求助”，故填for。 7. 考查反身代词。句意：不要把烦恼闷在心里。固定短语keep sth. to oneself，意为“不把某事告诉别人；把烦恼藏心底”，主语为 you，对应的反身代词是yourself，故填yourself。 8. 考查名词。句意：负面情绪如果不加遏制，可能会影响你的学业表现以及和同学之间的日常交往。形容词school后接名词，perform的名词形式performance，school performance意为“学业表现”，故填performance。 9. 考查副词。句意：强烈建议每位学生重视睡眠和心理健康。此处修饰动词recommended，要用副词；highly 表示“高度地”，It is highly recommended that…为常用句型，意为“强烈建议……”，故填highly。 10. 考查动词短语中的介词。句意：健全的心智寓于健康的体魄，只有学会关爱自己，我们才能拥有平和的青少年生活，勇敢面对生活中的所有挑战。固定短语lie in，意为“在于；存在于”，故填in。 2 / 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $