内容正文:
Unit 6 Celebrating the Big Days 核心语法精练
序数词&一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
目录
二、考点夯基 3
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 4
二、单项选择 6
三、完成句子 8
四、句型转换 9
0
一、语法选择 10
二、短文填空 12
1、 序数词
1) 概述:序数词是数词的一种,主要用于表示事物的顺序或排列的位置。它的作用相当于名词或形容词,可作主语、宾语、定语或表语。
E.g. The second is better than others. 第二个比其他的都好。(作主语)
He chooses the third. 他选了第三个。(作宾语)
October is the tenth month of a year. 十月是一年的第十个月份。(作定语)
He wants to be first. 他想成为第一名。(作表语)
2) 序数词的构成:序数词与基数词相对应,且大多数序数词是在基数词词尾加-th构成,但有一些是不规则变化。
1 部分基数词和其对应的序数词见下表(此部分需要单独记忆):
基数词
序数词
one
first
two
second
three
third
five
fifth
eight
eighth
nine
ninth
twelve
twelfth
2 形式
第1—第10
一般加th
(1、2、3、5、 8、 9、12 除外)
first, second, third, fourth,fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth
第11—第19
eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth,
seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth
第“整十"
先把对应的基数词词尾的y变成ie,再加-th
twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth,
eightieth, ninetieth
第几十几
只需把个位数
变为序数词
twenty-second, thirty-third, forty-ninth
“第一百”以上
结尾部分变为序数词形式
one hundred and thirty-first
3) 用法:
① 序数词前一般要加定冠词the表示顺序。
E.g. My brother is planting the second tree.我弟弟正在种植第二棵树。
② 序数词常用作名词的定语,但当名词前已有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时,则不再用定冠词the。
E.g. her fifth birthday她的5岁生日
③ 序数词前有时也可用不定冠词a/an, 用来表示“再一;又一”。
E.g. I want to do it a second time. 我想再做一次。(已试过一次)
④ 表达日期。在表达“某月某日”时,“日”要用序数词。
E.g. On May 1st = on 1st May 在5月1日
on October 1st, 1949 在1949年10月1日
⑤ 表示编号时,常把基数词放在名词后面来表示顺序,相当于“the+序数词+名词”。
E.g. Page Five = the fifth page 第5页
⑥ 表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,表示分母的序数词要变为复数。
E.g. one sixth 六分之一 five sixths 六分之五
4) 序数词的缩写:在阿拉伯数字后面加上序数词的最后两个字母。
first
second
third
fourth
twentieth
one hundred and eleventh
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
20th
111th
巧学助记
记忆口诀:
one-first, two-second, three-third 这三个词变化特殊,要单独记;
eight→eighth, nine→ninth 八加h,九去e后再加th;
five→fifth, twelve→twelfth 五、十二把ve换成f再加th;
twenty twentieth, thirty -thirtieth 整十先把词尾y改为ie再加th;
两位数时则十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,如;twenty-first。
,ve要用f替;
整十变y为ie,
若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
2、 一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
1) 概念不同:
时态
概念
一般现在时
表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或状态。
表示自然现象或客观真理。
表示主语具备的性格、能力或特征。
现在进行时
表示主语正在进行的动作。
表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。
2) 时间状语不同:
时态
时间状语
一般现在时
always, usually, sometimes, often, seldom, never,
on Wednesdays, every day/week/month year,
once a week/month/year等。
现在进行时
now, these days, at the moment, look, listen, this month等。
3) 构成方式不同:
时态
句式结构
一般现在时(肯定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + 其他.
主语 + 实义动词 (-s/-es) + 其他.
现在进行时(肯定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式 + 其他.
时态
句式结构
一般现在时(否定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + not + 其他.
主语 + don’t / doesn’t +动词原形 + 其他.
现在进行时(否定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + not + 动词-ing形式 + 其他.
时态
句式结构
一般现在时
(一般疑问句及其回答)
—Be (Am/Is/Are) +主语 + 其他?
—Yes, 主语+be./ No, 主语+ be not.
—Do / Does +主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
—Yes, 主语+do/does./ No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t.
现在进行时
(一般疑问句及其回答)
—Be (Am/Is/Are) +主语 + 动词ing形式 + 其他?
—Yes, 主语+be./ No, 主语+ be not.
E.g. I play football on weekends. 我周末的时候踢足球。
We often draw at home. 我们经常在家画画。
Listen! The boy is singing songs. 听!这个小男孩正在唱歌。
I'm writing a book these days. 这几天我正在写一本书。
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Tree-planting Day is on March ___________ (twelve) every year.
【答案】twelfth
【详解】句意:每年的3月12日是植树节。表达日期中的“几月几日”,日期要用序数词。twelve是基数词,它的序数词形式为twelfth,故填twelfth。
2.My grandmother ___________ (make) dumplings in the kitchen now.
【答案】is making
【详解】句意:我的奶奶现在正在厨房里包饺子。时间标志词now是现在进行时的提示词,结构是“am/is/are+动词ing”。 主语My grandmother是第三人称单数,be动词用is,make的现在分词形式是making。故填is making。
3.Look! The children ___________ (put) up the Spring Festival couplets.
【答案】are putting
【详解】句意:看!孩子们正在贴春联。根据“Look!”可知,时态为现在进行时,主语the children是复数,be动词用are,put的现在分词形式为putting。
4.I live on the ___________ (three) floor of this building.
【答案】third
【详解】句意:我住在这幢楼的第三层。根据“the...floor”和提示词“three”可知,这里表达第三层,“three”的序数词是“third”。故填third。
5.She __________ (learn) how to make mooncakes these days.
【答案】is learning
【详解】句意:这些天她正在学习怎么做月饼。句中these days是现在进行时的标志,表示现阶段正在进行的动作。主语She是第三人称单数,be动词用is,learn的现在分词形式为learning,故填is learning。6.Her birthday is on the ___________ (two) of July.
【答案】second
【详解】句意:她的生日在七月二日。根据句意和所给单词提示,可知表示日期用序数词second。
7.Look! The children ___________ (play) football in the park.
【答案】are playing
【详解】句意:看!孩子们正在公园里踢足球。根据“Look!”可知动作正在发生,应用现在进行时,主语children为复数,助动词用are,后接动词现在分词playing。故填are playing。
8.There are ___________ (twenty) students in the classroom. The ___________ (twenty) one is my best friend.
【答案】 twenty twentieth
【详解】句意:教室里有二十名学生。第二十个是我最好的朋友。第一空后接可数名词复数students,表示数量,用基数词twenty;第二空后有one,表示“第二十”,需用序数词,twenty的序数词为twentieth,故依次填twenty;twentieth。
9.I ___________ (not like) vegetables.
【答案】don’t like
【详解】句意:我不喜欢蔬菜。根据主语为第一人称I,一般现在时的否定结构需借助助动词do not,缩写为don’t,后接动词原形like。故填don’t like。
10.Look! ___________ (hundred) of birds are flying in the sky.
【答案】Hundreds
【详解】句意:看!成百上千只鸟儿正在天空中飞翔。“... of birds”表明,此处表示概数,hundred需加-s,hundreds of是固定短语,表示“成百上千的”,句首单词首字母需大写,故填Hundreds。
二、单项选择。
( ) 1.The Lantern Festival is on lunar January ________.
A.fifteen B.fiveteenth C.fifteenth D.fiftieth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:元宵节在农历正月十五。
表示日期中的具体某一日要使用序数词,元宵节的时间是农历正月的第十五天,应填fifteenth。
( ) 2.There are ________ floors in our building. And our classroom is on the ________ floor.
A.three, two B.second, third C.two, three D.three, second
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们的大楼有三层。并且我们的教室在第二层。
第一空表示楼层数量,修饰复数名词floors,应用基数词;第二空表示楼层顺序,结构为“on the+序数词+floor”,应用序数词。据此排除A、B项。再根据逻辑,大楼只有两层不可能教室在第三层,排除C项。
( ) 3.—Matt, how old is your father this year?
—________. And we just had a party for his ________ birthday yesterday.
A.Forty; forty B.Fortieth; fortieth C.Forty; fortieth
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——马特,你父亲今年多大了?——四十岁。而且昨天我们刚刚为他的四十岁生日举办了一个派对。
Forty四十,基数词;fortieth第四十,序数词。第一空回答年龄,应用基数词;第二空修饰名词birthday,表示“第几个生日”,用序数词。
( ) 4.My cousin Peter is ________ years old, and today is his ________ birthday.
A.nine; nine B.nine; ninth C.ninth; nine D.ninth; ninth
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我的表弟彼得九岁了,今天是他的九岁生日。
nine九,基数词;ninth第九,序数词。表达年龄时用“基数词+years old”,第一空应用nine;表示第几个生日时用序数词,第二空应用ninth。
( ) 5.Peter is in Class ________ and his classroom is on the ________ floor.
A.Seventh; third B.Seven; three C.Seven; third D.Seventh; three
【答案】C
【详解】句意:彼得在七班,他的教室在三楼。
Seven七;Seventh第七;three三;third第三。根据“Peter is in Class...”可知,表示班级编号应用基数词Seven;根据“...on the...floor”可知,定冠词the后表示楼层应用序数词third。
( ) 6.It’s 12 o’clock. The students are ________ milk, rice and vegetables in the classroom.
A.eating B.drinking C.having D.making
【答案】C
【详解】句意:现在是12点。学生们正在教室里喝牛奶、吃米饭和蔬菜。
eating吃;drinking喝;having吃,喝(泛指用餐);making制作。根据“milk, rice and vegetables”可知,同时包含饮品和食物,英语中表示“吃/喝(一顿饭)”通常用have。现在进行时结构为“be + doing”,因此用having。having符合语境。应填having。
( ) 7.This is my ________ time to come to this city. I like it very much.
A.the first B.first C.one D.the one
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这是我第一次来这个城市。我非常喜欢它。
first第一;one一。序数词前通常加定冠词the,但当序数词前有物主代词(如 my)修饰时,不再加the。根据“This is my… time”可知,此处表示顺序且已有my修饰,故用first。
( ) 8.Tom likes doing sports. He ________football every Sunday.
A.play B.plays C.is playing D.playing
【答案】B
【详解】句意:汤姆喜欢做运动。他每个周日都踢足球。
根据时间状语“every Sunday”可知,句子描述的是习惯性动作,应使用一般现在时。主语“He”是第三人称单数,谓语动词应填第三人称单数形式plays。
( ) 9.—Which class are you in?
—I’m in ________.
A.Class 3 B.the Class 3rd C.class three D.third Class
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你在哪个班?——我在三班。
表示“几班”时,常用“Class + 基数词”结构,Class首字母需大写,数字通常用阿拉伯数字,前面不加冠词。A选项格式正确;B选项多余冠词且误用序数词;C选项首字母未大写;D选项语序错误。
( ) 10.— ________ they ________ basketball now?
—No, they aren’t.
A.Do; play B.Are; playing C.Is; playing D.Does; play
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——他们现在正在打篮球吗?——不,他们没在打。
Do助动词;play动词原形;Are是,主语为复数;playing现在分词;Is是,主语为单数;Does助动词。句中时间标志词“now”表明动作正在发生,要用现在进行时,结构为“be动词+现在分词”;答句用aren’t回答,说明问句用are开头提问,主语they是复数,也对应be动词用are。句首首字母大写,故填Are;playing。
( ) 11.China is the world’s ______ country by land area.
A.three biggest B.third biggest C.third big D.three big
【答案】B
【详解】句意:中国是世界上第三大陆地面积的国家。
three 三,是基数词;third 第三,是序数词;biggest是big的最高级;表示“第几大/长/高……”要用“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”的结构。“第三大的国家”应该是the third biggest country。
( ) 12.________students from Wood Middle School planted ________ trees along the river bank.
A.Two hundred; hundreds of B.Two hundreds; hundreds of
C.Two hundred; hundred of D.Two hundreds; hundred of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:来自伍德中学的两百名学生沿着河岸种了数百棵树。
根据语境:“hundred”前有具体数字(如Two)时,用单数形式“hundred”;表示“数百”时,用“hundreds of”(复数+of)。因此第一空用“Two hundred”,第二空用“hundreds of”,应选Two hundred; hundreds of。
( ) 13.—Peter, how old is your grandpa?
—________. We had a special party for his ________ birthday last Sunday.
A.Ninety; ninety B.Ninetieth; ninetieth C.Ninety; ninetieth D.Ninetieth; ninety
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——彼得,你爷爷多大年纪?——九十岁。上周日我们为他的九十岁生日举办了一个特别的派对。
考查基数词与序数词辨析。Ninety九十;Ninetieth第九十。第一空询问年龄,应用基数词;第二空表示“第……个生日”,应用序数词。故选C。
( ) 14.— ________?
— It’s on January 3rd. I want to have a surprise party for him.
A.How old is your father B.When’s your father’s birthday
C.When’s your mother’s birthday D.How often does your mother have a party
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你爸爸的生日是什么时候?——是1月3日。我想为他办一个惊喜派对。
考查情境交际。How old is your father你爸爸多大了?;When’s your father’s birthday你爸爸的生日是什么时候?;When’s your mother’s birthday你妈妈的生日是什么时候?;How often does your mother have party你妈妈多久办一次派对?根据答语“It’s on January 3rd. I want to have a surprise party for him.”可知,回答的是具体日期,且提到“为他办派对”,说明问句应询问爸爸的生日时间。故选B。
( ) 15.—How often do you do exercise in the green space?
—________. But my sister and her friends often enjoy ________ running on the playground.
A. Seldom; themselves B.Usually; herself
C.Never; yourself D.Often; ourselves
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你多久在绿地里锻炼一次?——很少。但是我姐姐/妹妹和她的朋友们经常在操场上愉快地跑步。
考查副词及反身代词辨析。Seldom很少;Usually通常;Never从不;Often经常;themselves他们自己;herself她自己;yourself你/你们自己;ourselves我们自己。根据“How often”可知,第一空需填频率副词,“but”表转折,后半句说姐姐和朋友“经常”跑步,前半句应表“我”锻炼频率低,“seldom”符合语境;第二空“enjoy oneself doing sth.”是固定搭配,意为“愉快地做某事”,主语“my sister and her friends”是复数,反身代词用“themselves”。故选A。
三、完成句子。
1.他们住在这栋楼的第七层。
They live on ________ __________ floor of this building.
【答案】 the seventh
【详解】原句关键词为“第七”。中文“第七”对应的英文序数词是seventh,序数词表示顺序时,前面通常要加定冠词the,表示特指。表示“在第几层楼”常用结构on the+序数词+floor。
2.我的生日在11月3日。
My birthday is on ____________ ________.
【答案】 November 3rd
【详解】原句关键词为“11月3日”。“11月”的英文单词是November。注意月份属于专有名词,首字母必须大写。“3日”在英语中需用序数词表示。3的序数词是third,缩写形式为3rd。
3.我常跟朋友聊我学英语的事儿。
I often ________ ________ my friends ________ my English study.
【答案】 talk with about
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“跟……聊……”。固定搭配talk with sb. about sth.表示和某人谈论某事,主语I,often为一般现在时标志,动词用原形,故①填talk,②填with,③填about。
4.一年中的第八个月是八月。
The _________ month of a year is _________.
【答案】 eighth August
【详解】原句关键词为“第八”和“八月”。中文“第八”对应的英文序数词是eighth,“八月”对应的英文是August。月份属于专有名词,首字母必须大写。
5.他是我们班第三个到校的学生。
He is ________ ________ student to come to school in our class.
【答案】 the third
【详解】原句关键词为“第三个”,对应英文的序数词third,前面需加定冠词the,构成“the+序数词+名词”的结构,表示顺序。故填the;third。
四、句型转换。
1.He plays football after school. (改为否定句)
He ________ ________ football after school.
【答案】 doesn’t play
【详解】句意:他放学后踢足球。原句是一般现在时,谓语动词是plays,变否定句需借助助动词does,否定形式缩写为doesn’t,后面的谓语动词必须恢复原形,即plays变为play。
2.The students are planting trees in the park. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the students __________ trees?
【答案】 Where are planting
【详解】句意:学生们正在公园里种树。划线部分是地点状语“in the park”,提问地点用Where,句首首字母大写。原句为现在进行时,变特殊疑问句直接把be动词are 提前。故填Where;are;planting。
3.They often make dumplings with vegetables on weekends. (改为否定句)
They ________ often ________ dumplings with vegetables on weekends.
【答案】 don’t make
【详解】句意:他们周末不经常包蔬菜饺子。 原句时态为一般现在时,主语They是复数,谓语动词make为实义动词原形,变否定句需借助助动词do,do not 缩写为don’t,放在频率副词often前面,后接动词原形make,故答案为don’t; make。
4.The children are cleaning the garden now. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the children ________ now?
【答案】 What are doing
【详解】句意:孩子们正在打扫花园。划线部分为“cleaning the garden”,对正在进行的动作提问用疑问词What,原句是现在进行时,主语the children为复数,be动词用are。变为特殊疑问句的结构为“疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + doing + 其他?”。be动词are需提至主语之前。在对具体动作进行提问时,原句中的cleaning需替换为通用动词doing。故填What;are;doing。
5.The rain stops and at last we can play outside. (改为同义句)
The rain stops and ________ we can play outside.
The rain stops and we can play outside ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 finally in the end
【详解】句意:雨停了,我们终于可以出去玩了。改为同义句,可用副词“finally”或短语“in the end”,表示“最终,最后”。故填finally;in;the;end。
一、语法选择
先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Every year on March 12th, China 1 Tree-planting Day. On this day, many people go out and 2 trees. Trees are very important to us. They give us clean air, 3 homes to animals, and make our cities beautiful.
I remember my 4 Tree-planting Day. I was in 5 grade. Our teacher took us to a hill. He planted the 6 tree and then we followed him. It was not easy, 7 we were happy. We dug holes, put trees in, and 8 them. We also put name tags on the trees. 9 the end of the day, we planted twenty trees. We were very proud 10 ourselves. I will never forget that day.
( ) 1.A.celebrates B.celebrate C.celebrating D.celebrated
( ) 2.A.plant B.plants C.planted D.planting
( ) 3.A.give B.gave C.have D.take
( ) 4.A.one B.once C.first D.firstly
( ) 5.A.fourth B.four C.fourteen D.forty
( ) 6.A.one B.first C.oneth D.firstly
( ) 7.A.so B.because C.but D.and
( ) 8.A.water B.watered C.watering D.waters
( ) 9.A.At B.On C.In D.For
( ) 10.A.in B.with C.of D.for
【答案】 1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C
【导语】本文介绍了中国植树节的时间及意义,并回忆了作者第一次参加植树节的经历,表达了植树带来的快乐与自豪。
【详解】1.句意:每年3月12日,中国庆祝植树节。
时间标志Every year表示一般现在时;主语China是单数第三人称,谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式celebrates。
2.句意:在这一天,很多人外出并且植树。
and连接并列谓语,前面go out为动词原形,此处需要使用动词原形plant。
3.句意:它们给我们洁净的空气,给动物提供家园,并且让我们的城市变美丽。
本句为一般现在时,主语They指代树木,and连接并列谓语,前面give为动词原形;后面make为动词原形;此处需要使用动词原形;固定搭配give sth. to sb.意为“给某人提供某物”。have“拥有”、take “拿走”不符合语境
4.句意:我记得我的第一个植树节。
此处要表达“我记得我的第一个植树节”,需要用序数词“第一”,选first;one是基数词,once意为“曾经/一次”,firstly是副词不能修饰后面的名词。
5.句意:我上四年级。
表达“在几年级”用“in+序数词+grade”,此处fourth“第四”符合;基数词可以用在“Grade+基数词”结构,本空后面有grade,不能直接使用four、fourteen、forty这类基数词。
6.句意:老师种下第一棵树,然后我们跟着他种。
the+序数词,表示“第几个”;the first tree意为“第一棵树”。one“一”不符合语境,oneth错误形式,firstly为副词。
7.句意:植树并不容易,但是我们很开心。
前半句“不容易”和后半句“开心”是转折关系,but表转折。so表结果;because表原因;and表并列,逻辑不符。
8.句意:我们挖坑、栽树,然后给它们浇水。
and连接并列谓语动词,前面dug、put均为一般过去式,此处需要使用动词过去式watered。
9.句意:在一天结束的时候,我们种了二十棵树。
是固定搭配at the end of the day,意为“在一天结束的时候”,故填At。
10.句意:我们为自己感到非常自豪。
固定短语be proud of sb.意为“为某人感到自豪”,故填of。
二、语法填空
Little Mary sees her mum spend money on daily needs. She thinks it’s great fun.
“Money is just some paper,” Mary thinks. “Why do my parents get the things from others 1 they give the paper?” Then she has 2 idea. She takes out her big box of crayons. She colours some paper and cuts out 3 (piece) in the size of the 100-dollar bill (钞票). She takes the paper money with 4 (she) to the toy shop to buy a doll. It’s the 5 (one) time for her to buy something alone.
The shopkeeper is very surprised and says, “Sorry, my girl. That’s not real money. You can’t use the paper to buy things.”
Mary asks her dad 6 money. He answers, “Money is a special type of paper. You can work for money. That is the only paper you can use to buy other things in life.”
“Can I do chores 7 (get) some money?” Mary asks.
Her dad says, “Yes, wash the car for me, and I will pay you for your work.”
Mary keeps washing the car from eight to ten o’clock in the morning. Then she gets six dollars for that. She happily goes back to the shop and 8 (buy) the doll. “The work is so 9 (tired), but spending the money is so easy,” Mary thinks. Now, she knows why her dad and mum work every day for money. She decides (决定) to manage money 10 (good) in the future.
【答案】 1.after/when/if 2.an 3.pieces 4.her 5.first 6.about 7.to get 8.buys 9.tiring 10.well/better
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了小女孩玛丽起初以为钱只是普通的纸,后来通过自己制作假钞购物被拒绝,并在爸爸的引导下通过做家务赚钱,最终理解了金钱需要通过劳动获得的道理。
【详解】1.句意:为什么我的父母把纸给他们,就能从别人那里得到东西?此处引导时间状语从句,表示“当他们给纸的时候”,可用when“当……时”,或者表示“在他们给纸之后”,可用after“在……之后”;也可理解为条件状语从句,表示“如果他们给纸”,可用if“如果”。故填after/when/if。
2.句意:然后她有了一个主意。have an idea“有一个主意”是动词短语。idea以元音音素开头,应用不定冠词an。故填an。
3.句意:她把一些纸涂上颜色,然后剪成100美元钞票大小的纸片。piece“张,片”是可数名词,此处表示多张纸片,应用复数形式pieces。故填pieces。
4.句意:她带着她的纸钱去玩具店买一个娃娃。介词with后需接人称代词的宾格形式。she“她”的宾格是her。故填her。
5.句意:这是她第一次独自买东西。此处表示“第一次”,需用序数词。one“一”的序数词是first。故填first。
6.句意:玛丽向爸爸询问关于钱的事情。ask sb. about sth.“向某人询问某事”是动词短语。故填about。
7.句意:我能做家务来赚些钱吗?此处表示做家务的目的,应用动词不定式作目的状语。get“获得”需用其不定式形式to get。故填to get。
8.句意:她开心地回到商店,买下了那个娃娃。and连接两个并列的谓语动词,前文goes是一般现在时,主语she是第三人称单数,buy“买”也应用一般现在时三单形式buys。故填buys。
9.句意:“工作这么累人,但花钱却这么容易。”玛丽想。此处是“主系表”结构,主语The work是物,描述工作本身的性质。tired“感到疲倦的”形容人,tiring“令人疲倦的”形容物。故填tiring。
10.句意:她决定将来要更好地管理金钱。此处修饰动词manage,需用副词形式。good“好的”是形容词,其副词形式是well“好地”;也可用比较级better与“in the future”所隐含的与过去对比的语境呼应。故填well/better。
1 / 12
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
Unit 6 Celebrating the Big Days 核心语法精练
序数词&一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
目录
二、考点夯基 3
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 4
二、单项选择 6
三、完成句子 8
四、句型转换 9
0
一、语法选择 10
二、短文填空 12
1、 序数词
1) 概述:序数词是数词的一种,主要用于表示事物的顺序或排列的位置。它的作用相当于名词或形容词,可作主语、宾语、定语或表语。
E.g. The second is better than others. 第二个比其他的都好。(作主语)
He chooses the third. 他选了第三个。(作宾语)
October is the tenth month of a year. 十月是一年的第十个月份。(作定语)
He wants to be first. 他想成为第一名。(作表语)
2) 序数词的构成:序数词与基数词相对应,且大多数序数词是在基数词词尾加-th构成,但有一些是不规则变化。
1 部分基数词和其对应的序数词见下表(此部分需要单独记忆):
基数词
序数词
one
first
two
second
three
third
five
fifth
eight
eighth
nine
ninth
twelve
twelfth
2 形式
第1—第10
一般加th
(1、2、3、5、 8、 9、12 除外)
first, second, third, fourth,fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth
第11—第19
eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth,
seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth
第“整十"
先把对应的基数词词尾的y变成ie,再加-th
twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth, seventieth,
eightieth, ninetieth
第几十几
只需把个位数
变为序数词
twenty-second, thirty-third, forty-ninth
“第一百”以上
结尾部分变为序数词形式
one hundred and thirty-first
3) 用法:
① 序数词前一般要加定冠词the表示顺序。
E.g. My brother is planting the second tree.我弟弟正在种植第二棵树。
② 序数词常用作名词的定语,但当名词前已有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时,则不再用定冠词the。
E.g. her fifth birthday她的5岁生日
③ 序数词前有时也可用不定冠词a/an, 用来表示“再一;又一”。
E.g. I want to do it a second time. 我想再做一次。(已试过一次)
④ 表达日期。在表达“某月某日”时,“日”要用序数词。
E.g. On May 1st = on 1st May 在5月1日
on October 1st, 1949 在1949年10月1日
⑤ 表示编号时,常把基数词放在名词后面来表示顺序,相当于“the+序数词+名词”。
E.g. Page Five = the fifth page 第5页
⑥ 表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于1时,表示分母的序数词要变为复数。
E.g. one sixth 六分之一 five sixths 六分之五
4) 序数词的缩写:在阿拉伯数字后面加上序数词的最后两个字母。
first
second
third
fourth
twentieth
one hundred and eleventh
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
20th
111th
巧学助记
记忆口诀:
one-first, two-second, three-third 这三个词变化特殊,要单独记;
eight→eighth, nine→ninth 八加h,九去e后再加th;
five→fifth, twelve→twelfth 五、十二把ve换成f再加th;
twenty twentieth, thirty -thirtieth 整十先把词尾y改为ie再加th;
两位数时则十位数用基数词,个位数用序数词,如;twenty-first。
,ve要用f替;
整十变y为ie,
若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
2、 一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
1) 概念不同:
时态
概念
一般现在时
表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或状态。
表示自然现象或客观真理。
表示主语具备的性格、能力或特征。
现在进行时
表示主语正在进行的动作。
表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。
2) 时间状语不同:
时态
时间状语
一般现在时
always, usually, sometimes, often, seldom, never,
on Wednesdays, every day/week/month year,
once a week/month/year等。
现在进行时
now, these days, at the moment, look, listen, this month等。
3) 构成方式不同:
时态
句式结构
一般现在时(肯定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + 其他.
主语 + 实义动词 (-s/-es) + 其他.
现在进行时(肯定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式 + 其他.
时态
句式结构
一般现在时(否定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + not + 其他.
主语 + don’t / doesn’t +动词原形 + 其他.
现在进行时(否定句)
主语 + be (am/is/are) + not + 动词-ing形式 + 其他.
时态
句式结构
一般现在时
(一般疑问句及其回答)
—Be (Am/Is/Are) +主语 + 其他?
—Yes, 主语+be./ No, 主语+ be not.
—Do / Does +主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
—Yes, 主语+do/does./ No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t.
现在进行时
(一般疑问句及其回答)
—Be (Am/Is/Are) +主语 + 动词ing形式 + 其他?
—Yes, 主语+be./ No, 主语+ be not.
E.g. I play football on weekends. 我周末的时候踢足球。
We often draw at home. 我们经常在家画画。
Listen! The boy is singing songs. 听!这个小男孩正在唱歌。
I'm writing a book these days. 这几天我正在写一本书。
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.Tree-planting Day is on March ___________ (twelve) every year.
2.My grandmother ___________ (make) dumplings in the kitchen now.
3.Look! The children ___________ (put) up the Spring Festival couplets.
4.I live on the ___________ (three) floor of this building.
5.She __________ (learn) how to make mooncakes these days.
6.Her birthday is on the ___________ (two) of July.
7.Look! The children ___________ (play) football in the park.
8.There are ___________ (twenty) students in the classroom. The ___________ (twenty) one is my best friend.
9.I ___________ (not like) vegetables.
10.Look! ___________ (hundred) of birds are flying in the sky.
二、单项选择。
( ) 1.The Lantern Festival is on lunar January ________.
A.fifteen B.fiveteenth C.fifteenth D.fiftieth
( ) 2.There are ________ floors in our building. And our classroom is on the ________ floor.
A.three, two B.second, third C.two, three D.three, second
( ) 3.—Matt, how old is your father this year?
—________. And we just had a party for his ________ birthday yesterday.
A.Forty; forty B.Fortieth; fortieth C.Forty; fortieth
( ) 4.My cousin Peter is ________ years old, and today is his ________ birthday.
A.nine; nine B.nine; ninth C.ninth; nine D.ninth; ninth
( ) 5.Peter is in Class ________ and his classroom is on the ________ floor.
A.Seventh; third B.Seven; three C.Seven; third D.Seventh; three
( ) 6.It’s 12 o’clock. The students are ________ milk, rice and vegetables in the classroom.
A.eating B.drinking C.having D.making
( ) 7.This is my ________ time to come to this city. I like it very much.
A.the first B.first C.one D.the one
( ) 8.Tom likes doing sports. He ________football every Sunday.
A.play B.plays C.is playing D.playing
( ) 9.—Which class are you in?
—I’m in ________.
A.Class 3 B.the Class 3rd C.class three D.third Class
( ) 10.— ________ they ________ basketball now?
—No, they aren’t.
A.Do; play B.Are; playing C.Is; playing D.Does; play
( ) 11.China is the world’s ______ country by land area.
A.three biggest B.third biggest C.third big D.three big
( ) 12.________students from Wood Middle School planted ________ trees along the river bank.
A.Two hundred; hundreds of B.Two hundreds; hundreds of
C.Two hundred; hundred of D.Two hundreds; hundred of
( ) 13.—Peter, how old is your grandpa?
—________. We had a special party for his ________ birthday last Sunday.
A.Ninety; ninety B.Ninetieth; ninetieth C.Ninety; ninetieth D.Ninetieth; ninety
( ) 14.— ________?
— It’s on January 3rd. I want to have a surprise party for him.
A.How old is your father B.When’s your father’s birthday
C.When’s your mother’s birthday D.How often does your mother have a party
( ) 15.—How often do you do exercise in the green space?
—________. But my sister and her friends often enjoy ________ running on the playground.
A. Seldom; themselves B.Usually; herself
C.Never; yourself D.Often; ourselves
三、完成句子。
1.他们住在这栋楼的第七层。
They live on ________ __________ floor of this building.
2.我的生日在11月3日。
My birthday is on ____________ ________.
3.我常跟朋友聊我学英语的事儿。
I often ________ ________ my friends ________ my English study.
4.一年中的第八个月是八月。
The _________ month of a year is _________.
5.他是我们班第三个到校的学生。
He is ________ ________ student to come to school in our class.
四、句型转换。
1.He plays football after school. (改为否定句)
He ________ ________ football after school.
2.The students are planting trees in the park. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the students __________ trees?
3.They often make dumplings with vegetables on weekends. (改为否定句)
They ________ often ________ dumplings with vegetables on weekends.
4.The children are cleaning the garden now. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ the children ________ now?
5.The rain stops and at last we can play outside. (改为同义句)
The rain stops and ________ we can play outside.
The rain stops and we can play outside ________ ________ ________.
一、语法选择
先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
Every year on March 12th, China 1 Tree-planting Day. On this day, many people go out and 2 trees. Trees are very important to us. They give us clean air, 3 homes to animals, and make our cities beautiful.
I remember my 4 Tree-planting Day. I was in 5 grade. Our teacher took us to a hill. He planted the 6 tree and then we followed him. It was not easy, 7 we were happy. We dug holes, put trees in, and 8 them. We also put name tags on the trees. 9 the end of the day, we planted twenty trees. We were very proud 10 ourselves. I will never forget that day.
( ) 1.A.celebrates B.celebrate C.celebrating D.celebrated
( ) 2.A.plant B.plants C.planted D.planting
( ) 3.A.give B.gave C.have D.take
( ) 4.A.one B.once C.first D.firstly
( ) 5.A.fourth B.four C.fourteen D.forty
( ) 6.A.one B.first C.oneth D.firstly
( ) 7.A.so B.because C.but D.and
( ) 8.A.water B.watered C.watering D.waters
( ) 9.A.At B.On C.In D.For
( ) 10.A.in B.with C.of D.for
二、语法填空
Little Mary sees her mum spend money on daily needs. She thinks it’s great fun.
“Money is just some paper,” Mary thinks. “Why do my parents get the things from others 1 they give the paper?” Then she has 2 idea. She takes out her big box of crayons. She colours some paper and cuts out 3 (piece) in the size of the 100-dollar bill (钞票). She takes the paper money with 4 (she) to the toy shop to buy a doll. It’s the 5 (one) time for her to buy something alone.
The shopkeeper is very surprised and says, “Sorry, my girl. That’s not real money. You can’t use the paper to buy things.”
Mary asks her dad 6 money. He answers, “Money is a special type of paper. You can work for money. That is the only paper you can use to buy other things in life.”
“Can I do chores 7 (get) some money?” Mary asks.
Her dad says, “Yes, wash the car for me, and I will pay you for your work.”
Mary keeps washing the car from eight to ten o’clock in the morning. Then she gets six dollars for that. She happily goes back to the shop and 8 (buy) the doll. “The work is so 9 (tired), but spending the money is so easy,” Mary thinks. Now, she knows why her dad and mum work every day for money. She decides (决定) to manage money 10 (good) in the future.
1 / 12
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
Unit 6 Celebrating the Big Days 核心语法精练
序数词&一般现在时与现在进行时的区别
参考答案
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. twelfth 2. is making 3. are putting 4. third 5. is learning
6. second 7. are playing 8. twenty twentieth 9. don't like 10. Hundreds
二、单项选择。
1. C 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
三、完成句子。
1. the seventh 2. November 3rd 3. talk with about 4. eighth August 5. the third
四、句型转换。
1. doesn't play 2. Where are planting 3. don't make 4. What are doing 5. finally in the end
一、语法选择
1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C
二、语法填空
1.after/when/if 2.an 3.pieces 4.her 5.first 6.about 7.to get 8.buys 9.tiring 10.well/better
(
1
/
6
)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$