高考经典语法填空01——换一个角度考查传统文化（全国通用）2027跟着经典英语高考试题备高考

专题01 高考经典语法填空 —换一个角度考查传统文化 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·题型剖析 7 拔高·模拟演练 10 真题·命题感知 一、高考经典阅读理解——换一个角度考查传统文化 经典1：（2026·全国II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 56 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 57 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 58 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 59 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 60 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 61 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 62 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 63 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 65 (meet) another life force: coffee. 经典2：（2025·全国II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me ____38____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____39____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____41____ (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 2.为什么高考中中国优秀传统文化是重要的命题情境 引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信是命题的重要思想。向世界传播中国优秀传统文化，用英语讲好中国故事是高考命题的重要部分，但问题是近年来，中国优秀传统文化的内容考查的比较普遍，几乎重要的节日、习俗、名胜古迹等都以说明文的形式考过，为了避免重复和反套路命题，所以重要的传统文化还是要考，换个角度体验中国优秀传统文化，而不再介绍传统文化。 进阶·解题技巧 记叙文语法填空的特点： 体验中国传统文化的记叙文特点：通过一个完整的故事线（起因、经过、结果、感悟），在具体语境中感受中国某种传统文化的魅力，用美妙的画面图景展现传统文化。记叙文的语言有明显的时间感、有喜怒哀乐的情感，所以时态、语态及主谓一致必考，非谓语动词必考，它们体现了语言的丰富性。其次，就是词形转换，形容词副词转化一般要考，它们最能体现情感。 下面说一下基本的技巧： 考点1 动词时态与语态 1.确定作谓语 分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词。 若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致 (1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态； (2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态； (3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。 2确定时态 1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词 时态 时间状语 一般现在时 now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously等 一般将来时 next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等 现在进行时 now, at present, at this moment等 现在完成时 since＋时间点，in/over the past... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far等 过去完成时 by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等 2.根据具并列关系： 考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither... nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。 3.根据常用句式定时态： (1)was/were doing... when...＋一般过去时 (2)was/were about to do... when...＋一般过去时 (3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时 (4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时 (5)No sooner had＋主语＋done... than＋一般过去时 (6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done... when＋一般过去时 (7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时 4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。 2 动词的语态 确定语态 1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系 (1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。 (2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。 (3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。 2.主动表被动 (1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时； (2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时； 3 主谓一致 确定“主谓一致” 项目 主语 谓语动词 语法 一致 不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、the number of＋复数可数名词 单数 复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number of＋复数可数名词 复数 (together) with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than, in addition to, including等连接的主语 与前面主语一致　　 意义 一致 “the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词 单数 “the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词 复数 就近 一致 neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not... but...等连接的主语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时 与邻近主语一致　 考点2 非谓语动词 确定作非谓语 分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。 1 非谓语动词作状语 1．识别标志 (1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。 (2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。 2．思维建模 (1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。 (2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 (3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式： ①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。 ②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。 非谓语动词作定语 1．识别标志 (1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。 (2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 2．方法指导 (1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。 (2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。 (3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。 3 非谓语动词作表语 1．识别标志 非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, become, get, seem, appear, look, turn等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。 2．方法指导 (1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。 (2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。 (3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。 非谓语动词作宾语 1．识别标志 动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构： 【高频再现】 (1)介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意to的身份识别。 (2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be accustomed to, be devoted to, lead to, object to等。 (3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, offer, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2．方法指导 (1)仔细观察挖空的句子。 (2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。 (3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。 非谓语动词作主语 1．识别标志 主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(doing)和动词不定式(to do)都可以充当主语。 2．方法指导 【高频再现】 (1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing还是to do作主语。 (2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。 (3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型： ①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth ②It's no use/no good/no fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth ③It takes sb＋some time/money＋to do sth 6.非谓语动词作补足语 1．识别标志 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。 【高频再现】 (1)不定式作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb to do sth。 (2)have sb/sth doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth done “使某人/某物被……”。 (3)with复合结构 ①with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生； ②with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行； ③with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已完成。 2．方法指导 (1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 (2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。 (3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。 考点3词形转换 1 名词复数 名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况 (1)有些名词一般不用复数形式，但可用复数形式来表达不同的类别 fishes各种鱼；fruits各种水果；steels各种钢材 (2)有些名词的单复数形式表达不同的含义 snow雪, snows积雪; two people两个人，two peoples两个民族 (3)glass一词作 “玻璃”解时，为物质名词，不可数 The cup is made of glass. 作 “玻璃杯”解时，则为个体名词，可数；如I bought ten glasses this morning. 作 “眼镜”解时，须用复数形式glasses.如: a man with thick glasses (4)paper一词作“纸”解时，不可数 write on paper; 作“报纸”“文件”“考卷”解时，则可数,如: hand in your test papers (5)物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数形式 a cup of tea; four pieces of bread; a cake of soap (6)有些抽象名词的复数形式表示不同的含义 time(时间)→times( 时代，次，倍数) work(工作)→ works( 著作，工厂，工事) air(空气) →airs( 气派，架子,姿态 ) look(看)→looks(容貌) custom(习惯) →customs(海关) advice(劝告)→advices(消息) arm(手臂)→arms(军火) damage(损坏)→damages(赔偿金) glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯) good(利益)→ goods(货物) compass(指南针)→compasses(圆规) manner(态度) →manners(礼貌,习俗) 2 动词变为名词 名词后缀 示例 －er/ －or announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 instruct→instructor 指导者，教师 design→designer设计师 －ment achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 perform→performance表演；表现 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ －ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 3 动词变形容词 形容词后缀 示例 －able enjoy vt.享受→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的 －ed frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的annoy vt.使生气→annoyed adj. 恼怒的 －ing convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的 thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的 －ful forget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的 succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的 －ive comprehend v. 理解→comprehensive adj. 综合性的 create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的 －ant tolerate v.容忍→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 ignore v. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的 4提示词是名词的词形转换 1.名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 2．名词转化为名词后缀 后缀 例词 －ian/ －ist/ music→ musician音乐家politics→ politician政治家 science→ scientist科学家piano→ pianist钢琴家 4. 形容词、副词的词性转化 1.形容词的词形转换 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited 词尾加­ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等) 动词词尾加­ive/­ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective 2.副词的词形转换规律总结 类别 例词 形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/aɪ/，直接加­ly) 词尾为­ble/­le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly) 词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例) 词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully 词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically 6.形容词、副词比较等级 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋­er/­est)转换 以­e结尾 ＋­r/­st late—later—latest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变－y为i，＋­er/­est early—earlier—earliest 以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写结尾字母＋­er/est big—bigger—biggest 多音节和部分双音节结尾 前面加more/most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 温馨提示：(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。 (2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。 (3)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, badly, ill worse worst many, much more most little less least far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”) further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上) old older/elder oldest/eldest 考点4连词与从句引导词 填连词 如果个单词、短语、句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或因果关系，则考虑填入并列连词。如果设空处所填单词要引导从句，首先要看它引导哪种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能确定填哪个引导词。 1考查并列连词 空格前后的两个或几个内容在句中充当相同的成分或发挥相同的作用时，填并列连词。 ① 并列或顺承关系用and；转折关系用but；选择关系用or；因果关系用so (前因后果），for（前果后因）；对比关系用while。 ② 还要注意连词的固定搭配：both … and … ；not only … but (also) … ; neither … nor … ; either … or … 等。 2考查引导状语从句的从属连词  若空格和空格后的内容能构成一个句子且该句子同时在另外一个句子中充当某个成分时，则空格填适当的从属连词来引导相应的从句。表示条件用if, unless；表示让步用although, though；表示原因用because, as, since；表示结果用so… that…，such … that …；表示时间用when, while, as, before, after；表示地点用where, wherever；表示目的用so that，in order that；表示方式用as, as if等。 3考查引导名词性从句的连词 引导名词性从句的连词that不充当句子成分又无任何意义，whether或if不充当句子成分，意思是“是否”。在介词后或者后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。 1）副词的判断 引导定语从句的关系副词when指代时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语；where代指地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语；why代指表示原因的名词，在定语从句中作原因状语。也会关注固定句型中的副词，如too… to … , so … that … 等。 2）助动词的判断 如果句子结构完整，设空处后面是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是现在时或主语是第三人称单数时，则很可能填表示强调、疑问或倒装的助动词。 语法填空题既考查考生的语言知识也考查考生的语言技能。答题时既要考虑上下文语境和设空所在句的句意，也要分析空格处要填的词在语句中的的句子成分，还要依据固定搭配解题，因为冠词、介词、连词、代词和副词的固定搭配都是高频考点。 考点4介词、冠词、代词 1.介词 语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即无提示词，考点主要集中在介词的基本用法和含介词的固定搭配的用法上。要求考生正确理解句意，平时注意积累名词、形容词、动词与介词的固定搭配。 首先，分析句子结构： 名词或代词或what从句在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词；空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 无提示词填空对介词的考查两点： ① 介词的基本用法（如at、in、on表示时间，by、before、after、till/until表示时间，by、in、on、with表示“使用……工具、方式、手段”等）， ② 固定搭配中的介词：介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词或副词之间的固定搭配（如：by chance碰巧，on average平均，in vain徒劳；adapt to适应，account for说明……的原因，come across遇见，remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；be curious about对……好奇的，be popular with受……的欢迎，be proud of因……而自豪的，be rich in富含……的）。 介词常见用法（具体参考本专辑专题考点04） 时间介词 in(表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等),on(表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间),at(表示特定的时间、节日、年龄),by(…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 1.in 与after的用法区别：A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after+时间点常用于一般将来时。 2. for与since的用法区别：A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。 3. during与for的用法区别：A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 4. before与by的用法区别：A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 地点介词 in, at, on, to 1.at 与in 的用法区别：at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 2.at与on的用法区别：at用于门牌号。on用于路名。 3.in,on,to的用法区别：in表示“包含”，如：Beijing is in the north ofChina.on表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of theU.S.to表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. 方式介词 with, in, by in,with,by的用法区别：in表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English?with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. 方位介词 at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 1.in,on,at 的用法区别：in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。  2.on, over, above的用法区别：on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 3.under与below的用法区别：under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” ,“在…之下”。 4. across, through, over, past的用法区别：across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。 其他 1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning 2.当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如: next Sunday 3.当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday 4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day. 2.冠词 冠词是语法填空的高频考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。首先看空格后是否有名词，有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 种类 常见用法 不定冠词 (a / an) 1. 修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an，而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如：an apple, a banana, an umbrella。 2. 与序数词连用，表示再一，又一”。如：You can try it a second time if you fail. 3. 固定搭配。如：all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。 定冠词 (the) 1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如：We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如： Pass me the dictionary, please. 3. 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如：Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 零冠词 1. 记忆口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭，复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 2. 固定搭配。如：lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。 特殊用法 1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如：a surprise 一件意外的事情；a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。 2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如：Can you give me a second chance, please? 3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如：play the piano；play erhu。 3.代词及其它 无提示词语法填空对代词的考查主要集中在引导定语从句的关系代词、引导名词性从句的连接代词和it的用法。 1考查关系代词 先行词为人时，在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可用who或that，在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可用whom/who/that（在介词后只能用whom）,在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ② 先行词为物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词可用which或that（在介词后只能用which），在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ③ 还要知道引导定语从句的关系代词在下列场合只能用that：先行词既有人又有物、先行词是表示事物的不定代词或被某些不定代词修饰、表示事物的先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 2考查连接代词 名词性从句不缺成分且意义完整时用that引导，名词性从句缺主语或宾语时，如果表示未知的事物，用what，已知的事物，表示“哪一个”用which；表示人时，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。 3考查 it 的固定搭配 关于代词it，主要考查以下用法： ① it代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 ② it用于强调句型中。 ③ it作形式主语或形式宾语。 ④ it用在固定结构中。常见的含有it的固定结构： I got it. 我明白了。 At last we made it. 我们终于成功了。 I can’t help it.  我没有办法。 Take it easy. 别着急。 Believe it or not. 信不信由你。 When it comes to... 当谈及……等 拔高·模拟演练 1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·云南英语模拟试题（一）） Claire, a college student from France, spent her summer holiday in Dali, Yunnan, learning the traditional art of tie-dye (扎染). “I first saw the blue cloth in a photo, and I could not believe that the patterns were made by hand,” she says. Tie-dye, which 1 (know) locally as “zaran”, has a history of more than a thousand years in the Bai ethnic group. Craftspeople fold, bind and sew the cloth before 2 (dip) it into dye made from natural plants. The parts that are tightly bound stay white, 3 (create) beautiful patterns of flowers, birds and clouds. Claire was impressed by her teacher, a 60-year-old woman 4 has been doing tie-dye since she was a girl. “She can tell the dye is ready just by 5 (smell) it,” Claire laughs. “After a week, I could make a simple scarf, but 6 (compare) with hers, mine looked like a child’s drawing.” The craft is now reaching the world. Young designers are combining traditional patterns with modern styles, and the cloth 7 (sell) in shops across the country and online. For Claire, the most valuable lesson was not about technique. “ 8 matters most is patience and respect for nature,” she says. “Every piece of cloth is 9 (unique) made, and each one tells a story.” Before leaving, Claire bought three meters of blue cloth as a gift for her mother. “She 10 (ask) where to hang it as soon as I get home,” Claire smiles. 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·江苏省宜兴中学等校质量监测） I have always been drawn to music and languages, so I signed up for my school’s 1 (integrate) course on English and guqin culture. Touching a classical Chinese instrument for the first time was 2 truly unique experience. With every pluck and stroke of the strings, I felt a strange yet familiar emotion. The English part of the course focused on learning vocabulary related to the guqin, as well as reading and translating articles about this traditional string instrument. I particularly enjoyed knowing how 3 (choose) the right words and expressions. But the most special part of the course was the exchange activities with young people from other countries. Delivering a speech confidently on the stage took a lot of effort, as I had to pay close attention to my 4 (pronounce), word choice, clarity of expression, body language and 5 I interacted with the audience. I 6 (vivid) remembered standing on the podium, introducing traditional Chinese music and playing the guqin. I felt a strong sense of achievement. Beyond the formal events, we often continued our conversations long after the activities ended. 7 overcoming language obstacles and looking beyond differences in race and culture, we discovered how much young people around the world 8 (value) mutual understanding, inclusivity and harmony in diversity. Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained and 9 (competence) guqin players. I believe such experiences also teach us to respect different cultures, 10 is invaluable in our growth. 3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·陕西咸阳市永寿县中学第一次考试） My Journey with Qinqiang Opera Lila is an American drama major who has become deeply attracted to Qinqiang in recent months. She first learned about this centuries-old form of Shaanxi opera after watching the hit TV drama Protagonist (《主角》), 1 tells the lifelong struggle of a female Qinqiang actress and has brought the ancient folk art back into the national spotlight. 2 (move) by the heroine's tough training and sincere devotion to the stage, Lila saved up for months and flew to Xi’an to receive professional 3 (guide). Her master, a seasoned dan role performer and national-level representative inheritor of intangible cultural heritage, teaches her unique singing tones, delicate body movements and classic stage skills day after day. Qinqiang has two core vocal styles: ku yin, a bitter tone for tragic plots, 4 huan yin, a cheerful tone for lighthearted scenes. It has 5 (character) vocal features, and its leading accompanying instrument is the banhu, which 6 (produce) loud, penetrating sounds showing the bold spirit of Loess Plateau locals. At first, Lila found it extremely tough 7 (master) its vocal techniques, for the opera demands great 8 (persevere) to control its slow, powerful rhythm. Now she can perform several short excerpts, including the graceful “man wo yu”, similar to a soft squat (蹲) pose from the classic play Tour West Lake. Last weekend, she joined an international cultural exchange show and performed a complete Qinqiang piece for hundreds of overseas visitors. Nervous but focused, she kept her eyes 9 her master off-stage from time to time to imitate every subtle gesture and facial expression. After the show, warm applause filled the hall, and many audience members said they 10 (deep) felt the lasting charm of Chinese traditional opera through her heartfelt performance. 4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·河南禹州市联考） The biggest 1 (challenge) a Pakistani traveller faces upon landing in China are language and food — and 2 (interesting), they are interconnected. Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, is known as "the city of rivers and lakes". It is due to this geographical backdrop that Hubei cuisine 3 (dominate) by freshwater products, mainly lotus root, crayfish, tofu, and crabs. Determined to sample local flavors, I had already shortlisted restaurants as my primary go-to spots. On my very first day, I met a local tour guide, Mr. Choo, 4 shared a prized list to help me choose food for my stay. Wuhan hot dry noodles topped the list. Handcrafted from special flour and 5 (season) with a spoonful of chilli oil, the springy noodles, thickly blanketed in a rich, flavorful sesame paste (芝麻酱), managed 6 (bridge) cultural differences as I added a handful of spring onions to give the dish 7 slight Pakistani touch. Through this simple bowl of hot dry noodles, I realized that food is a universal language effortlessly 8 (cross) all national borders. It was a new and 9 (memory) experience that not only satisfied my plate but also beautifully connected two different cultures, proving that 10 our geographic distances, a shared love for authentic flavors can bring us closer together. 5.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·河北沧州市第一中学月考） Under the burning summer sun, Nigerian student Wang Qian steps barefoot into a rice field in Zhejiang, netting fish and experiencing rural life while filming A Foreign Apprentice Comes to the Mountains. 1 began as a simple assignment has blossomed into a deeply meaningful journey. Wang Qian’s 2 (fascinate) with China traces back to her primary school days. A Confucius Institute scholarship turned her childhood dream into reality. She has completed her studies over a decade in China and graduated from Zhejiang Normal University with 3 doctor’s degree. 4 (work) with villagers, she experienced the simple beauty of rural life and gained a new understanding of China’s countryside. She deeply admires China’s rural revitalization — a model where modernization harmonizes with 5 (preserve) history and traditional culture. She also speaks highly of young returnees who start their 6 (company) and bring new energy into local development. The 7 (peace) rural life calls up memories of her own childhood, making her feel 8 (entire) at home. Touched by the villagers’ genuine warmth, she valued every moment and 9 (long) to return after filming ended. In her eyes, China’s countryside is a priceless treasure, where development and tradition walk hand 10 hand. 6.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·宁夏回族自治区银川一中月考） As an enthusiast of Chinese architecture, I’ve always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates, so I came back to China 1 (pursue) a doctoral degree and continue exploring 2 ancient buildings can be understood and cared for as living heritage. Gradually, I came to understand that the future of urban development lies in integrating heritage with innovation 3 in finding vivid ways to tell the stories behind historic buildings. Later, I helped initiate “WETrip,” which was a student-led series of events 4 (present) traditional Chinese culture to both Chinese and international students. One of the highlights is “WETrip: Xiannongtan. The Beauty of Ancient Architecture”. On Thursday, we, 5 company with 45 students from different countries, visited Xiannongtan, one of the 15 heritage components of the Beijing Central Axis. After the tour, hands-on activities 6 (stage), where students tried to build mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) models and experimented with digital conservation tools. “Involving 7 (I) in building the wooden structure helped me better understand Chinese culture, which was truly valuable,” said a US student. The experience made me realize architecture is more than structures — it is a 8 (collect) treasure of humanity. Ancient buildings carry the stories of history, craftsmanship, and cultural values and are the reflection of the 9 (wise) of generations. Although materials like wood, stone, and paint may weather over time, the spirit attached to these structures still 10 (last). 7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·甘肃市县重点高中教研协作联盟摸底） In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of cultural shocks. For example, I still remember how my adopted “aunt” Li once took care of me, 1 (sit) me in an armchair in her apartment, bringing me a cup of green tea, cutting fruit for me, chatting about unrelated matters as she prepared one of her wonderful Sichuanese suppers. Like many Chinese people, 2 (especial) those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, 3 through food and over-concern. It took me 4 while to become used to this way of expressing affection. At first I found it rude and bossy when she told me, “Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!” But over time I started to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when some Chinese are becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical 5 (need), urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When Li 6 (press) me to have another mouthful of meat, I know she is offering me something 7 is similar to a hug, since food in China can mean many things. In China, food is also an art. It transforms natural raw materials into numerous forms and creates a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen. It is finding ways 8 (generate) delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the head of a fish. It is an expression of human wisdom and 9 (create). Above all, it is what connects 10 (we). 8.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·河北廊坊市三河市统考） In 2025, travelling to Yunnan, I experienced Crossing Bridge Rice Noodles first-hand in a traditional restaurant as a foreign student. The experience was nothing short of extraordinary. The dish 1 (serve) in a traditional manner — each component presented separately, allowing me to compose my bowl 2 my taste. The waiter placed a large bowl of piping hot broth (肉汤) in front of me, 3 was followed by sliced meats,fresh vegetables,tofu skin, and fragrant (芳香的) herbs. Then came the highlight:the rice noodles. I first put the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching them cook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs, 4 (let) them mix into the rich,golden liquid. Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl. As I lifted the noodles with my chopsticks,their texture (口感) was evident — soft, yet firm enough 5 (hold) their shape. The first bite was an 6 (explode) of flavors. The broth,made from slow-cooked chicken and pork bones,was rich and deeply comforting.The rice noodles were 7 (incredible) smooth, yet with a satisfying chewiness. The combination of fresh ingredients created a balance of textures — tender meat, crisp vegetables, and 8 (silk) noodles, all coming together harmoniously. 9 amazed me the most was how familiar the flavors felt. The comforting warmth of the soup brought back memories of home-cooked meals. It was fascinating to see how food can bridge cultural gaps, creating 10 sense of familiarity even in a foreign land. 9.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏淮安市调研测试） Russian Artist Boosts Ties Using Brush and Ink In a painting studio of the China Cultural Center in Moscow, Russian artist Anna Donchenko, holding a Chinese writing brush, began writing across the paper. With her brushwork shifting, distant landscapes gradually took shape, 1 (breathe) life into mountains and rivers on China’s traditional Xuan paper. Donchenko began painting as 2 child. In her middle school years, a visit to the State Museum of Oriental Art in Moscow opened the door to the domain of Chinese painting. Her first trip to China in 2007 3 (mark) a turning point in her life. The moment she set foot in China, she purchased calligraphy and painting books, and 4   (brush). She filled her suitcase with these items and took them back to Russia. In 2014, she enrolled at the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou 5 (pursue) systematic academic training in Chinese painting. During her stay, she traveled extensively across the country, burying 6 (she) in local folk customs, natural landscapes and time-honored traditions. Over time, she gained a deeper insight 7 the philosophical wisdom and humanistic essence embedded in traditional Chinese fine arts. “ 8 moves me most about Chinese painting is its focus on its rhythmic charm and the spiritual resonance (共鸣) between humanity and nature,” she notes. The China Cultural Center hosts Chinese painting classes three evenings a week. “Art teaching is far more than teaching professional skills,” Donchenko says. “It is about passing down the passion you 9 (true) value. I wish more people could embrace joy 10 perceive beauty through learning Chinese painting, just as I once did.” 10.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the heart of Milan, a restaurant is drawing locals in an unexpected yet quietly captivating way: Chinese braised dishes paired with Italian wine. Chen Yu, from Chengdu, has become one of the 1 (chef) reshaping local dining habits. Located in the heart of a bustling Milan district, his restaurant is small in size 2 rich in atmosphere, with walls lined with stories and snapshots of 3 (region) Chinese cuisine. Diners are often surprised by how seamlessly these rich, layered flavors pair well with Italian wines, 4 (create) a unique interplay between East and West. “So far, numerous authentic Chinese dishes 5 (make) their way into Italy and Europe, offering a richer palette of flavors and cultural experiences that people 6 (genuine) appreciate,” a regular customer says. Chen explains that Italian guests are fascinated by how traditional Sichuan flavors can pair surprisingly well with local wines. Some dishes, such as braised pork belly, are allowed 7 (cook) low and slow to release their full, slow-built depth of flavor, often finishing with a touch of sweetness that balances the heat. Food bloggers, some of 8 travel across Italy to review his menu, say that Chinese cuisine has introduced them to new ways of approaching food. “Chinese cuisine is a powerful way to share our culture,” says Chen. 9 (determine) to stay true to the integrity of traditional flavors, he believes confidence in one’s culture naturally encourages foreign interest. “Authentic Chinese cuisine is more than food — it is a bridge between cultures,” another customer says. “It’s time to showcase more of China’s living traditions, allowing the world to see 10 true richness of Chinese culture.” 4 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 高考经典语法填空 —换一个角度考查传统文化 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·题型剖析 7 拔高·模拟演练 10 真题·命题感知 一、高考经典阅读理解——换一个角度考查传统文化 经典1：（2026·全国II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My first time doing tai chi For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi (太极) class, we remain 56 (entire) in one spot to warm up. Angela, a tai chi 57 (instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. “Your mind 58 body go together. That’s all that matters.” Although not a morning person, I begin my lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am. “Put your 59 (foot) parallel (平行), and use your dan tian to hold up your body,” she says. In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I 60 (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. We move on to tai chi positions, of 61 there are forty-two in the style that Angela teaches. Today, we will only be doing the first nine. The movements have 62 (describe) names like “holding the bowl” and “grabbing the bird’s tail.” During most of the class, we follow Angela and concentrate on making tiny, isolated (单独) movements. Then, Angela gets us to try the nine movements on our own. I keep my eyes 63 a woman to my right and try to copy her movements, but unfortunately I soon lose focus. At the end of the lesson, I feel wide awake, despite it still 64 (be) early at 8 am. It’s time for my dan tian 65 (meet) another life force: coffee. 【答案】 56．entirely 57．instructor 58．and 59．feet 60．am supposed 61．which 62．descriptive 63．on 64．being 65．to meet 【解析】文章主要讲述作者首次清晨跟随老师体验太极课程的经历与感悟。 56．entirely考查副词。句意：太极课的前十五分钟，我们全程待在原地热身。本空修饰动词remain，作状语，用副词entirely“完全地，全程地”。 57．instructor考查名词。句意：拥有二十八年经验的太极老师安吉拉说，一节圆满的太极课是无杂念的一课。本空为指代人Angela的同位语，用名词instructor“教练，老师”。 58．and考查连词。句意：你的身心合一。本空连接并列名词mind和body，用并列连词and。 59．考查名词复数。句意：她说：“双脚平行站立，用丹田支撑身体。”foot为可数名词，此处指双脚，用复数形式feet作宾语。 60．am supposed考查固定搭配和时态。句意：现在，我应该感受双腿受力，并将意念集中于丹田。固定搭配be supposed to do“应该做某事”，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 61．考查定语从句。句意：我们继续学习太极招式，安吉拉教授的这种风格共有四十二式。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词positions，在从句中作介词of的宾语，用关系代词which。 62．descriptive考查形容词。句意：这些招式有着形象生动的名字，如“捧碗”和“揽雀尾”。本空修饰名词names，作定语，用形容词descriptive“描绘性的，形象的”。 63．on 考查介词。句意：我盯着右边的一位女士，试图模仿她的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就走神了。固定搭配keep one’s eyes on sb./sth.“紧盯某人/某物”，本空用介词on。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：课程结束时才早上八点，天色尚早，我却感觉十分清醒。despite为介词，后接动名词作宾语，be的动名词形式为being。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：是时候让我的丹田迎接另一股活力——咖啡。固定句型It’s time for sth to do sth.“是某物做某事的时间了”，本空用不定式to meet。 经典2：（2025·全国II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____36____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____37____ (center) heating doesn’t exist. Nothing in my life before prepared me ____38____ this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____39____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____41____ (be) one of them. Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance ____42____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____43____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____44____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air. If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____45____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 【答案】36. where 37. central 38. for 39. and 40. myself 41. is 42. to discover 43. absence 44. afternoons 45. left 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。 36. where考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 37. central考查形容词。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。 38. for考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故填for。 39. and考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 40. myself考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 41. is考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 42. to discover考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 43. absence查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。 44. afternoons考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填afternoons。 45. left考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。 2.为什么高考中中国优秀传统文化是重要的命题情境 引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信是命题的重要思想。向世界传播中国优秀传统文化，用英语讲好中国故事是高考命题的重要部分，但问题是近年来，中国优秀传统文化的内容考查的比较普遍，几乎重要的节日、习俗、名胜古迹等都以说明文的形式考过，为了避免重复和反套路命题，所以重要的传统文化还是要考，换个角度体验中国优秀传统文化，而不再介绍传统文化。 进阶·解题技巧 记叙文语法填空的特点： 体验中国传统文化的记叙文特点：通过一个完整的故事线（起因、经过、结果、感悟），在具体语境中感受中国某种传统文化的魅力，用美妙的画面图景展现传统文化。记叙文的语言有明显的时间感、有喜怒哀乐的情感，所以时态、语态及主谓一致必考，非谓语动词必考，它们体现了语言的丰富性。其次，就是词形转换，形容词副词转化一般要考，它们最能体现情感。 下面说一下基本的技巧： 考点1 动词时态与语态 1.确定作谓语 分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词。 若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致 (1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态； (2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态； (3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。 2确定时态 1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词 时态 时间状语 一般现在时 now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously等 一般将来时 next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等 现在进行时 now, at present, at this moment等 现在完成时 since＋时间点，in/over the past... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far等 过去完成时 by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等 2.根据具并列关系： 考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither... nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。 3.根据常用句式定时态： (1)was/were doing... when...＋一般过去时 (2)was/were about to do... when...＋一般过去时 (3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时 (4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时 (5)No sooner had＋主语＋done... than＋一般过去时 (6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done... when＋一般过去时 (7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时 4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。 2 动词的语态 确定语态 1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系 (1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。 (2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。 (3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。 2.主动表被动 (1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时； (2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时； 3 主谓一致 确定“主谓一致” 项目 主语 谓语动词 语法 一致 不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、the number of＋复数可数名词 单数 复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number of＋复数可数名词 复数 (together) with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than, in addition to, including等连接的主语 与前面主语一致　　 意义 一致 “the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词 单数 “the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词 复数 就近 一致 neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not... but...等连接的主语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时 与邻近主语一致　 考点2 非谓语动词 确定作非谓语 分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。 1 非谓语动词作状语 1．识别标志 (1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。 (2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。 2．思维建模 (1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。 (2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 (3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式： ①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。 ②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。 非谓语动词作定语 1．识别标志 (1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。 (2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 2．方法指导 (1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。 (2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。 (3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。 3 非谓语动词作表语 1．识别标志 非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, become, get, seem, appear, look, turn等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。 2．方法指导 (1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。 (2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。 (3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。 非谓语动词作宾语 1．识别标志 动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构： 【高频再现】 (1)介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意to的身份识别。 (2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be accustomed to, be devoted to, lead to, object to等。 (3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, offer, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2．方法指导 (1)仔细观察挖空的句子。 (2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。 (3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。 非谓语动词作主语 1．识别标志 主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(doing)和动词不定式(to do)都可以充当主语。 2．方法指导 【高频再现】 (1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing还是to do作主语。 (2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。 (3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型： ①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth ②It's no use/no good/no fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth ③It takes sb＋some time/money＋to do sth 6.非谓语动词作补足语 1．识别标志 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。 【高频再现】 (1)不定式作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb to do sth。 (2)have sb/sth doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth done “使某人/某物被……”。 (3)with复合结构 ①with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生； ②with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行； ③with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已完成。 2．方法指导 (1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 (2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。 (3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。 考点3词形转换 1 名词复数 名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况 (1)有些名词一般不用复数形式，但可用复数形式来表达不同的类别 fishes各种鱼；fruits各种水果；steels各种钢材 (2)有些名词的单复数形式表达不同的含义 snow雪, snows积雪; two people两个人，two peoples两个民族 (3)glass一词作 “玻璃”解时，为物质名词，不可数 The cup is made of glass. 作 “玻璃杯”解时，则为个体名词，可数；如I bought ten glasses this morning. 作 “眼镜”解时，须用复数形式glasses.如: a man with thick glasses (4)paper一词作“纸”解时，不可数 write on paper; 作“报纸”“文件”“考卷”解时，则可数,如: hand in your test papers (5)物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数形式 a cup of tea; four pieces of bread; a cake of soap (6)有些抽象名词的复数形式表示不同的含义 time(时间)→times( 时代，次，倍数) work(工作)→ works( 著作，工厂，工事) air(空气) →airs( 气派，架子,姿态 ) look(看)→looks(容貌) custom(习惯) →customs(海关) advice(劝告)→advices(消息) arm(手臂)→arms(军火) damage(损坏)→damages(赔偿金) glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯) good(利益)→ goods(货物) compass(指南针)→compasses(圆规) manner(态度) →manners(礼貌,习俗) 2 动词变为名词 名词后缀 示例 －er/ －or announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 instruct→instructor 指导者，教师 design→designer设计师 －ment achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 perform→performance表演；表现 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ －ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 3 动词变形容词 形容词后缀 示例 －able enjoy vt.享受→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的 －ed frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的annoy vt.使生气→annoyed adj. 恼怒的 －ing convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的 thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的 －ful forget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的 succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的 －ive comprehend v. 理解→comprehensive adj. 综合性的 create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的 －ant tolerate v.容忍→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 ignore v. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的 4提示词是名词的词形转换 1.名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 2．名词转化为名词后缀 后缀 例词 －ian/ －ist/ music→ musician音乐家politics→ politician政治家 science→ scientist科学家piano→ pianist钢琴家 4. 形容词、副词的词性转化 1.形容词的词形转换 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited 词尾加­ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等) 动词词尾加­ive/­ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective 2.副词的词形转换规律总结 类别 例词 形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/aɪ/，直接加­ly) 词尾为­ble/­le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly) 词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例) 词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully 词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically 6.形容词、副词比较等级 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋­er/­est)转换 以­e结尾 ＋­r/­st late—later—latest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变－y为i，＋­er/­est early—earlier—earliest 以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写结尾字母＋­er/est big—bigger—biggest 多音节和部分双音节结尾 前面加more/most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 温馨提示：(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。 (2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。 (3)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, badly, ill worse worst many, much more most little less least far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”) further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上) old older/elder oldest/eldest 考点4连词与从句引导词 填连词 如果个单词、短语、句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或因果关系，则考虑填入并列连词。如果设空处所填单词要引导从句，首先要看它引导哪种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能确定填哪个引导词。 1考查并列连词 空格前后的两个或几个内容在句中充当相同的成分或发挥相同的作用时，填并列连词。 ① 并列或顺承关系用and；转折关系用but；选择关系用or；因果关系用so (前因后果），for（前果后因）；对比关系用while。 ② 还要注意连词的固定搭配：both … and … ；not only … but (also) … ; neither … nor … ; either … or … 等。 2考查引导状语从句的从属连词  若空格和空格后的内容能构成一个句子且该句子同时在另外一个句子中充当某个成分时，则空格填适当的从属连词来引导相应的从句。表示条件用if, unless；表示让步用although, though；表示原因用because, as, since；表示结果用so… that…，such … that …；表示时间用when, while, as, before, after；表示地点用where, wherever；表示目的用so that，in order that；表示方式用as, as if等。 3考查引导名词性从句的连词 引导名词性从句的连词that不充当句子成分又无任何意义，whether或if不充当句子成分，意思是“是否”。在介词后或者后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。 1）副词的判断 引导定语从句的关系副词when指代时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语；where代指地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语；why代指表示原因的名词，在定语从句中作原因状语。也会关注固定句型中的副词，如too… to … , so … that … 等。 2）助动词的判断 如果句子结构完整，设空处后面是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是现在时或主语是第三人称单数时，则很可能填表示强调、疑问或倒装的助动词。 语法填空题既考查考生的语言知识也考查考生的语言技能。答题时既要考虑上下文语境和设空所在句的句意，也要分析空格处要填的词在语句中的的句子成分，还要依据固定搭配解题，因为冠词、介词、连词、代词和副词的固定搭配都是高频考点。 考点4介词、冠词、代词 1.介词 语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即无提示词，考点主要集中在介词的基本用法和含介词的固定搭配的用法上。要求考生正确理解句意，平时注意积累名词、形容词、动词与介词的固定搭配。 首先，分析句子结构： 名词或代词或what从句在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词；空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 无提示词填空对介词的考查两点： ① 介词的基本用法（如at、in、on表示时间，by、before、after、till/until表示时间，by、in、on、with表示“使用……工具、方式、手段”等）， ② 固定搭配中的介词：介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词或副词之间的固定搭配（如：by chance碰巧，on average平均，in vain徒劳；adapt to适应，account for说明……的原因，come across遇见，remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；be curious about对……好奇的，be popular with受……的欢迎，be proud of因……而自豪的，be rich in富含……的）。 介词常见用法（具体参考本专辑专题考点04） 时间介词 in(表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等),on(表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间),at(表示特定的时间、节日、年龄),by(…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 1.in 与after的用法区别：A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after+时间点常用于一般将来时。 2. for与since的用法区别：A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。 3. during与for的用法区别：A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 4. before与by的用法区别：A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 地点介词 in, at, on, to 1.at 与in 的用法区别：at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 2.at与on的用法区别：at用于门牌号。on用于路名。 3.in,on,to的用法区别：in表示“包含”，如：Beijing is in the north ofChina.on表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of theU.S.to表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. 方式介词 with, in, by in,with,by的用法区别：in表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English?with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. 方位介词 at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 1.in,on,at 的用法区别：in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。  2.on, over, above的用法区别：on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 3.under与below的用法区别：under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” ,“在…之下”。 4. across, through, over, past的用法区别：across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。 其他 1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning 2.当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如: next Sunday 3.当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday 4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day. 2.冠词 冠词是语法填空的高频考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。首先看空格后是否有名词，有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 种类 常见用法 不定冠词 (a / an) 1. 修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an，而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如：an apple, a banana, an umbrella。 2. 与序数词连用，表示再一，又一”。如：You can try it a second time if you fail. 3. 固定搭配。如：all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。 定冠词 (the) 1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如：We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如： Pass me the dictionary, please. 3. 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如：Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 零冠词 1. 记忆口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭，复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 2. 固定搭配。如：lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。 特殊用法 1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如：a surprise 一件意外的事情；a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。 2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如：Can you give me a second chance, please? 3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如：play the piano；play erhu。 3.代词及其它 无提示词语法填空对代词的考查主要集中在引导定语从句的关系代词、引导名词性从句的连接代词和it的用法。 1考查关系代词 先行词为人时，在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可用who或that，在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可用whom/who/that（在介词后只能用whom）,在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ② 先行词为物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词可用which或that（在介词后只能用which），在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ③ 还要知道引导定语从句的关系代词在下列场合只能用that：先行词既有人又有物、先行词是表示事物的不定代词或被某些不定代词修饰、表示事物的先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 2考查连接代词 名词性从句不缺成分且意义完整时用that引导，名词性从句缺主语或宾语时，如果表示未知的事物，用what，已知的事物，表示“哪一个”用which；表示人时，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。 3考查 it 的固定搭配 关于代词it，主要考查以下用法： ① it代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 ② it用于强调句型中。 ③ it作形式主语或形式宾语。 ④ it用在固定结构中。常见的含有it的固定结构： I got it. 我明白了。 At last we made it. 我们终于成功了。 I can’t help it.  我没有办法。 Take it easy. 别着急。 Believe it or not. 信不信由你。 When it comes to... 当谈及……等 拔高·模拟演练 1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·云南英语模拟试题（一）） Claire, a college student from France, spent her summer holiday in Dali, Yunnan, learning the traditional art of tie-dye (扎染). “I first saw the blue cloth in a photo, and I could not believe that the patterns were made by hand,” she says. Tie-dye, which 1 (know) locally as “zaran”, has a history of more than a thousand years in the Bai ethnic group. Craftspeople fold, bind and sew the cloth before 2 (dip) it into dye made from natural plants. The parts that are tightly bound stay white, 3 (create) beautiful patterns of flowers, birds and clouds. Claire was impressed by her teacher, a 60-year-old woman 4 has been doing tie-dye since she was a girl. “She can tell the dye is ready just by 5 (smell) it,” Claire laughs. “After a week, I could make a simple scarf, but 6 (compare) with hers, mine looked like a child’s drawing.” The craft is now reaching the world. Young designers are combining traditional patterns with modern styles, and the cloth 7 (sell) in shops across the country and online. For Claire, the most valuable lesson was not about technique. “ 8 matters most is patience and respect for nature,” she says. “Every piece of cloth is 9 (unique) made, and each one tells a story.” Before leaving, Claire bought three meters of blue cloth as a gift for her mother. “She 10 (ask) where to hang it as soon as I get home,” Claire smiles. 【答案】 1．is known 2．dipping 3．creating 4．who/that 5．smelling 6．compared 7．is sold 8．What 9．uniquely 10．will ask 【解析】文章主要讲述法国大学生克莱尔在云南大理学习白族传统扎染技艺的经历。 1．考查动词语态。句意：扎染，在当地被称作“zaran”，在白族已有一千多年的历史。此空为定语从句的谓语动词，关系代词which指代tie‑dye，tie‑dye和know之间是被动关系，固定搭配be known as意为“被称作”，文章整体为一般现在时，先行词为单数，所以此处为is known。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：手艺人把布料折叠、捆扎、缝合之后，再把它浸入由天然植物制成的染料中。介词before后面需要接动名词作宾语，所以此处为dipping。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：被紧紧捆住的部分保持白色，创造出花鸟云纹的美丽图案。此处为非谓语动词作状语，create与前面整个句子描述的事情之间为主动关系，所以此处为现在分词形式creating。 4．考查定语从句。句意：克莱尔对她的老师印象深刻，这位六十岁的女士从小就一直在做扎染。此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词是a 60‑year‑old woman，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以此处为who/that。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：“她仅凭闻一闻就能判断染料已经备好，”克莱尔大笑道。介词by后面要接动名词作宾语，所以此处为smelling。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：“一周之后，我能做出一条简单的围巾，但是和她的作品相比，我的看起来就像小孩的涂鸦。”固定搭配compared with意为“与……相比”，此处为过去分词作状语，所以此处为compared。 7．考查动词语态。句意：年轻设计师正把传统纹样和现代风格相结合，这种布料在全国各地的实体店和网上均有售卖。此空是并列分句的谓语，主语the cloth和sell之间是被动关系，文章为一般现在时，cloth表示布料为不可数概念，所以谓语动词为is sold。 8．考查主语从句。句意：“最重要的是耐心和对自然的敬畏，”她说。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的事物”，所以此处为连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。 9．考查副词。句意：“每一块布料都是独一无二制作而成，每一块都讲述着一个故事。”此处修饰动词made，需要使用副词，所以此处为uniquely。 10．考查动词时态。句意：“我一回到家，她就会问该把它挂在哪里，”克莱尔微笑着说。as soon as引导时间状语从句遵循主将从现，从句为一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，所以此处为will ask。 2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·江苏省宜兴中学等校质量监测） I have always been drawn to music and languages, so I signed up for my school’s 1 (integrate) course on English and guqin culture. Touching a classical Chinese instrument for the first time was 2 truly unique experience. With every pluck and stroke of the strings, I felt a strange yet familiar emotion. The English part of the course focused on learning vocabulary related to the guqin, as well as reading and translating articles about this traditional string instrument. I particularly enjoyed knowing how 3 (choose) the right words and expressions. But the most special part of the course was the exchange activities with young people from other countries. Delivering a speech confidently on the stage took a lot of effort, as I had to pay close attention to my 4 (pronounce), word choice, clarity of expression, body language and 5 I interacted with the audience. I 6 (vivid) remembered standing on the podium, introducing traditional Chinese music and playing the guqin. I felt a strong sense of achievement. Beyond the formal events, we often continued our conversations long after the activities ended. 7 overcoming language obstacles and looking beyond differences in race and culture, we discovered how much young people around the world 8 (value) mutual understanding, inclusivity and harmony in diversity. Nowadays, there are fewer than one thousand well-trained and 9 (competence) guqin players. I believe such experiences also teach us to respect different cultures, 10 is invaluable in our growth. 【答案】 1．integrated 2．a 3．to choose 4．pronunciation 5．how 6．vividly 7．By/Through 8．valued 9．competent 10．which 【解析】本文讲述作者参与学校英语与古琴文化融合课程的学习经历，通过课堂学习、国际文化交流与舞台展示，作者提升了语言表达能力，深刻体会到跨文化包容、理解与多元共生的重要意义。 1．考查形容词。句意：我一直热爱音乐和语言，因此我报名参加了学校开设的英语与古琴文化综合课程。修饰名词course需用形容词，integrated为形容词，意为“综合的、融合的”，作定语修饰名词。 2．考查冠词。句意：第一次触摸中国古典乐器是一次真正独特的经历。此处experience表示“具体的一次经历”，为可数名词单数，truly以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a限定。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我尤其喜欢学习如何选用恰当的词汇和表达方式。固定结构“疑问词+不定式”可在句中作宾语，how to choose表示“如何选择”，符合语境。 4．考查名词。句意：在舞台上自信演讲需要付出很多努力，因为我必须密切关注自己的发音、选词、表达清晰度、肢体语言以及与观众的互动方式。形容词性物主代词my后接名词，pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation，意为“发音”，作宾语。 5．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：在舞台上自信演讲需要付出很多努力，因为我必须密切关注自己的发音、选词、表达清晰度、肢体语言以及与观众的互动方式。宾语从句结构完整，缺少方式状语，意为“如何”，故用how引导。 6．考查副词。句意：我清晰地记得站在讲台上，介绍中国传统音乐、弹奏古琴的场景。修饰动词remembered需用副词，vivid的副词形式vividly，意为“生动地、清晰地”。 7．考查介词。句意：通过克服语言障碍、跨越种族与文化差异，我们发现世界各地的年轻人都十分重视相互理解、包容与和而不同。表示“通过（某种方式）”，用介词By/Through后接动名词，符合语境。 8．考查动词时态。句意：通过克服语言障碍、跨越种族与文化差异，我们发现世界各地的年轻人都十分重视相互理解、包容与和而不同。主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句时态保持一致，value的过去式为valued。 9．考查形容词。句意：如今，受过专业训练且技艺精湛的古琴演奏者不足千人。此处与well-trained并列修饰名词，需用形容词，competence的形容词形式competent，意为“专业的、有能力的”。 10．考查定语从句。句意：我相信这样的经历也教会我们尊重不同文化，这对我们的成长而言弥足珍贵。指代前文整句话内容，在从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句。 3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·陕西咸阳市永寿县中学第一次考试） My Journey with Qinqiang Opera Lila is an American drama major who has become deeply attracted to Qinqiang in recent months. She first learned about this centuries-old form of Shaanxi opera after watching the hit TV drama Protagonist (《主角》), 1 tells the lifelong struggle of a female Qinqiang actress and has brought the ancient folk art back into the national spotlight. 2 (move) by the heroine's tough training and sincere devotion to the stage, Lila saved up for months and flew to Xi’an to receive professional 3 (guide). Her master, a seasoned dan role performer and national-level representative inheritor of intangible cultural heritage, teaches her unique singing tones, delicate body movements and classic stage skills day after day. Qinqiang has two core vocal styles: ku yin, a bitter tone for tragic plots, 4 huan yin, a cheerful tone for lighthearted scenes. It has 5 (character) vocal features, and its leading accompanying instrument is the banhu, which 6 (produce) loud, penetrating sounds showing the bold spirit of Loess Plateau locals. At first, Lila found it extremely tough 7 (master) its vocal techniques, for the opera demands great 8 (persevere) to control its slow, powerful rhythm. Now she can perform several short excerpts, including the graceful “man wo yu”, similar to a soft squat (蹲) pose from the classic play Tour West Lake. Last weekend, she joined an international cultural exchange show and performed a complete Qinqiang piece for hundreds of overseas visitors. Nervous but focused, she kept her eyes 9 her master off-stage from time to time to imitate every subtle gesture and facial expression. After the show, warm applause filled the hall, and many audience members said they 10 (deep) felt the lasting charm of Chinese traditional opera through her heartfelt performance. 【答案】 1．which 2．Moved 3．guidance 4．and 5．characteristic 6．produces 7．to master 8．perseverance 9．on 10．deeply 【解析】美国戏剧专业学生莱拉因电视剧爱上秦腔，赴西安拜师学艺，在文化交流活动上登台表演，向海外观众展示秦腔魅力。 1．考查定语从句。句意：她在观看了热播电视剧《主角》之后首次了解到这一拥有数百年历史的陕西戏曲形式，该剧讲述一位秦腔女演员毕生的奋斗故事，让这门古老民间艺术重回全国视野。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词Protagonist，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：被女主角艰苦的训练和对舞台真挚的热爱所打动，莱拉攒了数月的钱，飞往西安接受专业指导。此处为非谓语，Lila与move为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作原因状语，且句首时首字母应大写。 3．考查名词。句意：被女主角艰苦的训练和对舞台真挚的热爱所打动，莱拉攒了数月的钱，飞往西安接受专业指导。形容词professional后接名词，guide的名词形式为guidance，表示“指导”，为不可数名词。 4．考查并列连词。句意：秦腔有两种核心声腔：苦音，用于悲剧情节的悲苦曲调，还有欢音，用于轻松场景的欢快曲调。分析句子结构可知，ku yin与huan yin是并列的两个名词，用and连接。 5．考查形容词。句意：它具有独特的嗓音特点，主要伴奏乐器是板胡。此处修饰名词vocal features，要用形容词，character的形容词形式为characteristic，表示“独特的，典型的”。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它的主要伴奏乐器是板胡，板胡能发出洪亮、穿透力强的声音，展现黄土高原当地人豪迈的精神。这里考查谓语动词，which指代banhu，与produce为主动关系，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语banhu是单数，所以谓语动词produce用第三人称单数形式produces。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：起初莱拉发现掌握它的演唱技巧极其困难。此处考查固定句型find it + 形容词 + to do sth.“某人发现做某事是……的”，it作形式宾语，不定式to do作真正宾语。 8．考查名词。句意：因为这种戏曲需要极强的毅力来控制缓慢有力的节奏。形容词great后接名词，persevere的名词形式为perseverance，表示“毅力，坚持不懈”，为不可数名词，作宾语。 9．考查介词。句意：她紧张但专注，不时将目光投向台下的师父，模仿每一个细微的手势和面部表情。此处考查固定搭配keep one’s eyes on…，表示“注视，盯着……”。 10．考查副词。句意：演出结束后，大厅里响起热烈的掌声，许多观众说通过她真挚的表演，深深感受到中国传统戏曲持久的魅力。此处修饰动词felt，需要用副词，deep的副词形式为deeply。 4.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·河南禹州市联考） The biggest 1 (challenge) a Pakistani traveller faces upon landing in China are language and food — and 2 (interesting), they are interconnected. Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, is known as "the city of rivers and lakes". It is due to this geographical backdrop that Hubei cuisine 3 (dominate) by freshwater products, mainly lotus root, crayfish, tofu, and crabs. Determined to sample local flavors, I had already shortlisted restaurants as my primary go-to spots. On my very first day, I met a local tour guide, Mr. Choo, 4 shared a prized list to help me choose food for my stay. Wuhan hot dry noodles topped the list. Handcrafted from special flour and 5 (season) with a spoonful of chilli oil, the springy noodles, thickly blanketed in a rich, flavorful sesame paste (芝麻酱), managed 6 (bridge) cultural differences as I added a handful of spring onions to give the dish 7 slight Pakistani touch. Through this simple bowl of hot dry noodles, I realized that food is a universal language effortlessly 8 (cross) all national borders. It was a new and 9 (memory) experience that not only satisfied my plate but also beautifully connected two different cultures, proving that 10 our geographic distances, a shared love for authentic flavors can bring us closer together. 【答案】 1．challenges 2．interestingly 3．is dominated 4．who 5．seasoned 6．to bridge 7．a 8．crossing 9．memorable 10．despite 【解析】本文主要讲述了一位巴基斯坦游客来到中国后面临的语言和饮食挑战，以在武汉品尝热干面的经历为切入点，展现了食物作为跨越文化差异的通用语言，连接不同文化的独特魅力。 1．考查名词复数。句意：巴基斯坦游客落地中国后面临的最大挑战是语言和饮食——有趣的是，这两者相互关联。根据谓语动词are可知，主语应为复数；challenge为可数名词，应用复数形式challenges。 2．考查副词。句意：巴基斯坦游客落地中国后面临的最大挑战是语言和饮食——有趣的是，这两者相互关联。空格处修饰整个句子，作评注性状语，应用副词形式；interesting的副词为interestingly，意为“有趣的是”。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：正是由于这一地理背景，湖北菜以淡水产品为主，主要有莲藕、小龙虾、豆腐和螃蟹。此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时；Hubei cuisine与dominate之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为不可数名词，应用is dominated。 4．考查定语从句。句意：在我抵达的第一天，我遇到了一位当地导游Choo先生，他分享了一份珍贵的清单，帮助我在逗留期间选择食物。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mr. Choo，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。 5．考查非谓语动词。面条由特制面粉手工制成，浇上一勺辣椒油；筋道的面条裹满浓郁香醇的芝麻酱。我撒上一把小葱，让这道面食带上一丝巴基斯坦风味，这碗面就这样消解了文化隔阂。本句已有谓语动词managed，空格处应用非谓语动词；noodles与season之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词seasoned作后置定语，意为“被调味的”。 6．考查非谓语动词。面条由特制面粉手工制成，浇上一勺辣椒油；筋道的面条裹满浓郁香醇的芝麻酱。我撒上一把小葱，让这道面食带上一丝巴基斯坦风味，这碗面就这样消解了文化隔阂。manage to do sth为固定搭配，意为“设法做某事”。 7．考查冠词。面条由特制面粉手工制成，浇上一勺辣椒油；筋道的面条裹满浓郁香醇的芝麻酱。我撒上一把小葱，让这道面食带上一丝巴基斯坦风味，这碗面就这样消解了文化隔阂。touch为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一丝巴基斯坦风味”，slight以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过这碗简单的热干面，我意识到食物是一种能够轻松跨越所有国界的通用语言。本句已有谓语动词is，空格处应用非谓语动词；language与cross之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词crossing作后置定语。 9．考查形容词。句意：这是一次全新而难忘的经历，不仅满足了我的味蕾，也美好地连接了两种不同的文化，这证明，尽管我们地理距离遥远，但对正宗风味的共同热爱可以让我们走得更近。名词experience前需用形容词修饰，memory的形容词形式为memorable，意为“难忘的”。 10．考查介词。句意：这是一次全新而难忘的经历，不仅满足了我的味蕾，也美好地连接了两种不同的文化，这证明，尽管我们地理距离遥远，但对正宗风味的共同热爱可以让我们走得更近。根据语境可知，此处表示“尽管”，且空格后为名词短语our geographic distances，应用介词despite，意为“尽管，不管”。 5.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·河北沧州市第一中学月考） Under the burning summer sun, Nigerian student Wang Qian steps barefoot into a rice field in Zhejiang, netting fish and experiencing rural life while filming A Foreign Apprentice Comes to the Mountains. 1 began as a simple assignment has blossomed into a deeply meaningful journey. Wang Qian’s 2 (fascinate) with China traces back to her primary school days. A Confucius Institute scholarship turned her childhood dream into reality. She has completed her studies over a decade in China and graduated from Zhejiang Normal University with 3 doctor’s degree. 4 (work) with villagers, she experienced the simple beauty of rural life and gained a new understanding of China’s countryside. She deeply admires China’s rural revitalization — a model where modernization harmonizes with 5 (preserve) history and traditional culture. She also speaks highly of young returnees who start their 6 (company) and bring new energy into local development. The 7 (peace) rural life calls up memories of her own childhood, making her feel 8 (entire) at home. Touched by the villagers’ genuine warmth, she valued every moment and 9 (long) to return after filming ended. In her eyes, China’s countryside is a priceless treasure, where development and tradition walk hand 10 hand. 【答案】 1．What 2．fascination 3．a 4．Working 5．preserved 6．companies 7．peaceful 8．entirely 9．longed 10．in 【解析】文章讲述了尼日利亚留学生王倩（音译）在浙江拍摄节目时深入体验中国乡村生活的经历，她被乡村的宁静与淳朴所打动，高度赞赏中国乡村振兴战略在现代化与传统保护之间的平衡。 1．考查主语从句。句意：最初只是一个简单的任务，如今已发展成一段意义深远的旅程。空处引导名词性从句作整个句子的主语，主语从句缺少主语，结合“began as a simple assignment”可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词，句首单词的首字母需大写。 2．考查名词。句意：王倩对中国的着迷可以追溯到她的小学时期。空处作句子的主语，被Wang Qian’s修饰，名词fascination符合题意，意为“着迷”，是不可数名词。 3．考查冠词。句意：她在中国完成了十多年的学业，并获得了浙江师范大学的一个博士学位。空处表示泛指，意为“一个博士学位”，应用不定冠词，且doctor的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：与村民一起劳作时，她体验到了乡村生活的朴素之美，并对中国农村有了新的认识。句子已有谓语experienced和gained，空处为非谓语，work“工作”和she逻辑上是主动关系，因此用现在分词working，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：她非常钦佩中国的乡村振兴——这是一种现代化与保存下来的历史和传统文化相协调的模式。空处作修饰history的定语，preserve“保护，维护”和history逻辑上是被动关系，因此用过去分词preserved。 6．考查名词复数。句意：她还高度赞扬那些返乡创业的年轻人，他们创办自己的公司，为当地发展注入了新的活力。空处作start的宾语，结合空前的“their”可知，应用可数名词company“公司”的复数形式companies。 7．考查形容词。句意：宁静的乡村生活唤起了她对自己童年的回忆，让她感到宾至如归。空处作修饰rural life的定语，形容词peaceful符合题意，意为“宁静的”。 8．考查副词。句意：宁静的乡村生活唤起了她对自己童年的回忆，让她感到宾至如归。空处修饰短语at home，副词entirely符合题意，意为“完全地”，作状语。 9．考查动词时态。句意：被村民真诚的温暖所感动，她珍惜每一刻，并在拍摄结束后渴望再次回去。空处和valued并列作句子的谓语，时态应保持一致，用一般过去时，所以用过去式longed。 10．考查介词。句意：在她眼中，中国农村是无价之宝，在那里发展与传统携手并进。结合“development and tradition walk”可知，固定短语hand in hand符合题意，意为“手拉手”。 6.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·宁夏回族自治区银川一中月考） As an enthusiast of Chinese architecture, I’ve always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates, so I came back to China 1 (pursue) a doctoral degree and continue exploring 2 ancient buildings can be understood and cared for as living heritage. Gradually, I came to understand that the future of urban development lies in integrating heritage with innovation 3 in finding vivid ways to tell the stories behind historic buildings. Later, I helped initiate “WETrip,” which was a student-led series of events 4 (present) traditional Chinese culture to both Chinese and international students. One of the highlights is “WETrip: Xiannongtan. The Beauty of Ancient Architecture”. On Thursday, we, 5 company with 45 students from different countries, visited Xiannongtan, one of the 15 heritage components of the Beijing Central Axis. After the tour, hands-on activities 6 (stage), where students tried to build mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) models and experimented with digital conservation tools. “Involving 7 (I) in building the wooden structure helped me better understand Chinese culture, which was truly valuable,” said a US student. The experience made me realize architecture is more than structures — it is a 8 (collect) treasure of humanity. Ancient buildings carry the stories of history, craftsmanship, and cultural values and are the reflection of the 9 (wise) of generations. Although materials like wood, stone, and paint may weather over time, the spirit attached to these structures still 10 (last). 【答案】 1．to pursue 2．how 3．and 4．presenting 5．in 6．were staged 7．myself 8．collective 9．wisdom 10．lasts 【解析】文章讲述了作者通过回国攻读博士、发起“WETrip”活动并带领中外学生参观先农坛，深刻体会到古建筑是承载历史与智慧的活态遗产，动手实践则促进了跨文化理解。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为中国建筑爱好者，我一直希望以真正能引起共鸣的方式向国际观众分享其之美，因此我回到中国攻读博士学位，继续探索如何将古建筑作为活态遗产来理解和照料。句子已有谓语came，空处是非谓语，“攻读博士学位”是谓语行为的目的，因此用不定式to pursue作目的状语。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：作为中国建筑爱好者，我一直希望以真正能引起共鸣的方式向国际观众分享其之美，因此我回到中国攻读博士学位，继续探索如何将古建筑作为活态遗产来理解和照料。空处引导名词性从句作exploring的宾语，结合前面的“I’ve always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates”可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“如何，怎样”，应用连接副词how作引导词。 3．考查连词。句意：渐渐地，我认识到城市发展的未来在于将遗产与创新相结合，并找到生动的方式讲述历史建筑背后的故事。空处连接前后两个介宾短语in integrating和in finding，两者之间是并列关系，应用并列连词and。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，我帮助发起了“WETrip”，这是一个由学生主导的系列活动，向中外学生展示中国传统文化。从句已有谓语was，空处是非谓语，作events的后置定语，present“展示”和events逻辑上是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式presenting。 5．考查介词。句意：周四，我们与45名来自不同国家的学生一起参观了先农坛，它是北京中轴线15个遗产组成部分之一。结合空后的“company with 45 students from different countries”可知，固定短语in company with符合题意，意为“与……一起”。 6．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：参观结束后，还开展了动手实践活动，学生们尝试搭建榫卯模型，并体验了数字化保护工具。空处作句子的谓语，结合前一句的“On Thursday”可知，本句仍在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，stage“举行，主办”和主语activities之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用were。 7．考查代词。句意：“参与搭建木质结构帮助我更好地理解中国文化，这非常有价值，”一位美国学生说。involve oneself in是固定搭配，表示“参与”，所以用反身代词myself。 8．考查形容词。句意：这次经历让我意识到建筑不仅仅是结构——它是人类共同的财富。空处作修饰treasure的定语，形容词collective符合题意，意为“集体的，共同的”。 9．考查名词。句意：古建筑承载着历史、工艺和文化价值的故事，是几代人智慧的体现。空处作of的宾语，空前有定冠词，名词wisdom符合题意，意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。 10．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管木材、石材和涂料等材料会随时间风化，但附着在这些建筑上的精神依然长存。空处作主句的谓语，结合从句的“may weather”可知，此处在描述通一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语spirit是单数，所以用第三人称单数形式lasts。 7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·甘肃市县重点高中教研协作联盟摸底） In all the time I’ve spent in China, I’ve had my share of cultural shocks. For example, I still remember how my adopted “aunt” Li once took care of me, 1 (sit) me in an armchair in her apartment, bringing me a cup of green tea, cutting fruit for me, chatting about unrelated matters as she prepared one of her wonderful Sichuanese suppers. Like many Chinese people, 2 (especial) those of the older generation, she didn’t show her love for me by hugging or requesting emotional outpourings, 3 through food and over-concern. It took me 4 while to become used to this way of expressing affection. At first I found it rude and bossy when she told me, “Drink some soup! Put on some more clothes!” But over time I started to understand what it meant. I can always tell, now, when some Chinese are becoming fond of me because they start to become over-worried about my physical 5 (need), urging me to eat or drink, to wrap up warm, to rest. When Li 6 (press) me to have another mouthful of meat, I know she is offering me something 7 is similar to a hug, since food in China can mean many things. In China, food is also an art. It transforms natural raw materials into numerous forms and creates a hundred flavors in a tiny kitchen. It is finding ways 8 (generate) delight in everything from a duck’s tongue to the head of a fish. It is an expression of human wisdom and 9 (create). Above all, it is what connects 10 (we). 【答案】 1．sitting 2．especially 3．but 4．a 5．needs 6．presses 7．that 8．to generate 9．creativity 10．us 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者在中国经历的跨文化冲击，从最初不理解到逐渐接受中国人通过食物和过度关心而非拥抱来表达爱意的方式，并赞美了中国饮食文化的艺术与智慧。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我仍然记得我认的“李阿姨”曾经是如何照顾我的，让我坐在她公寓的扶手椅上，给我端来一杯绿茶，为我切水果，在她准备一顿美味的四川晚餐时聊着无关紧要的事情。how引导的宾语从句中，已有谓语took，空处作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语my adopted “aunt” Li之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词sitting作状语。 2．考查副词。句意：像许多中国人一样，尤其是老一辈人，她并没有通过拥抱或情感宣泄来表达对我的爱，而是通过食物和过度的关心。此处起强调作用，用副词especially作状语。 3．考查连词。句意同上。此处为“not... but...”结构，表示“不是……而是……”。 4．考查冠词。句意：我花了一段时间才习惯这种表达情感的方式。固定短语“it takes (sb.) a while to do sth.”表示“花费（某人）一段时间做某事”，while在此处为可数名词，意为“一段时间”，且发音以辅音音素开头，前边应使用不定冠词a。 5．考查名词复数。句意：现在，我总能分辨出一些中国人什么时候开始喜欢我，因为他们开始过度担心我的身体需求，催促我吃喝、穿暖、休息。根据空前“my physical”可知，此处的need是名词，结合句意及后文可知，需求不止一个，应用复数形式。 6．考查动词时态。句意：当李阿姨劝我再吃一口肉时，我知道她是在给我一个类似拥抱的东西，因为在中国食物可以意味着很多东西。空处为从句谓语动词，根据主句know及语境可知，此处描述一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语Li为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式presses。 7．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“something”，先行词为不定代词，且在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词that。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是从鸭舌到鱼头等各种食材中寻找创造快乐的方法。固定短语“way to do sth.”表示“做某事的方法”，空处应用不定式作后置定语。 9．考查名词。句意：它是人类智慧和创造力的表达。根据空前“human wisdom and”可知，空处与名词wisdom并列，应用名词形式creativity，意为“创造力”，为不可数名词。 10．考查代词。句意：最重要的是，它是连接我们的东西。根据空前动词“connects”可知，空处作宾语，应用代词的宾格形式us。 8.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·河北廊坊市三河市统考） In 2025, travelling to Yunnan, I experienced Crossing Bridge Rice Noodles first-hand in a traditional restaurant as a foreign student. The experience was nothing short of extraordinary. The dish 1 (serve) in a traditional manner — each component presented separately, allowing me to compose my bowl 2 my taste. The waiter placed a large bowl of piping hot broth (肉汤) in front of me, 3 was followed by sliced meats,fresh vegetables,tofu skin, and fragrant (芳香的) herbs. Then came the highlight:the rice noodles. I first put the raw meat slices into the hot broth, watching them cook instantly. Then, I added the vegetables, tofu and eggs, 4 (let) them mix into the rich,golden liquid. Finally, I carefully placed the rice noodles into the bowl. As I lifted the noodles with my chopsticks,their texture (口感) was evident — soft, yet firm enough 5 (hold) their shape. The first bite was an 6 (explode) of flavors. The broth,made from slow-cooked chicken and pork bones,was rich and deeply comforting.The rice noodles were 7 (incredible) smooth, yet with a satisfying chewiness. The combination of fresh ingredients created a balance of textures — tender meat, crisp vegetables, and 8 (silk) noodles, all coming together harmoniously. 9 amazed me the most was how familiar the flavors felt. The comforting warmth of the soup brought back memories of home-cooked meals. It was fascinating to see how food can bridge cultural gaps, creating 10 sense of familiarity even in a foreign land. 【答案】 1．was served 2．to 3．which 4．letting 5．to hold 6．explosion 7．incredibly 8．silky 9．What 10．a 【解析】本文讲述一名外国学生在云南亲身体验过桥米线，描写过桥米线的上菜、食用过程以及美食带来的文化感悟。 1．考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这道菜以传统方式端上 —— 每一种食材分开摆放，让我可以按照自己的口味调配碗中的食物。主语The dish和动词serve之间是被动关系；全文主体为一般过去时。 2．考查固定搭配。句意：这道菜以传统方式端上 —— 每一种食材分开摆放，让我可以按照自己的口味调配碗中的食物。固定搭配to one’s taste，表示“符合某人的口味”。 3．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：服务员把一大碗滚烫的肉汤放在我面前，紧接着是肉片、新鲜蔬菜、豆腐皮和芳香的香草。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，应用which引导。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，我加入蔬菜、豆腐和鸡蛋，让它们融入浓郁金黄的汤汁中。此处现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，逻辑主语I和let是主动关系。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我用筷子夹起米线时，它的口感显而易见 —— 柔软，但足够结实以保持形状。固定结构be +adj.+enough to do sth.表示“足够……去做某事”，不定式作结果状语。 6．考查名词。句意：第一口下去，各种味道迸发。冠词an 后面需要接名词，explode的名词形式explosion，表示“迸发，爆发”。 7．考查副词。句意：米线异常顺滑，同时有着令人满意的嚼劲。此处用副词修饰形容词smooth，incredible的副词形式incredibly，表示“极其，难以置信地”。 8．考查形容词。句意：新鲜食材的组合造就了丰富的口感平衡 —— 鲜嫩的肉、脆嫩的蔬菜以及丝滑的米线，全部和谐地融合在一起。此处用形容词修饰名词noodles，silk的形容词形式 silky，表示“丝滑的”。 9．考查主语从句。句意：最让我感到惊叹的是这些味道带来的熟悉感。what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，置于句首首字母大写。 10．考查冠词。句意：很奇妙地看到食物如何弥合文化隔阂，即便身处异国，也能营造出一种熟悉感。固定搭配a sense of… 表示“一种……的感觉”，sense 是以辅音音素开头的单词。 9.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏淮安市调研测试） Russian Artist Boosts Ties Using Brush and Ink In a painting studio of the China Cultural Center in Moscow, Russian artist Anna Donchenko, holding a Chinese writing brush, began writing across the paper. With her brushwork shifting, distant landscapes gradually took shape, 1 (breathe) life into mountains and rivers on China’s traditional Xuan paper. Donchenko began painting as 2 child. In her middle school years, a visit to the State Museum of Oriental Art in Moscow opened the door to the domain of Chinese painting. Her first trip to China in 2007 3 (mark) a turning point in her life. The moment she set foot in China, she purchased calligraphy and painting books, and 4   (brush). She filled her suitcase with these items and took them back to Russia. In 2014, she enrolled at the China Academy of Art in Hangzhou 5 (pursue) systematic academic training in Chinese painting. During her stay, she traveled extensively across the country, burying 6 (she) in local folk customs, natural landscapes and time-honored traditions. Over time, she gained a deeper insight 7 the philosophical wisdom and humanistic essence embedded in traditional Chinese fine arts. “ 8 moves me most about Chinese painting is its focus on its rhythmic charm and the spiritual resonance (共鸣) between humanity and nature,” she notes. The China Cultural Center hosts Chinese painting classes three evenings a week. “Art teaching is far more than teaching professional skills,” Donchenko says. “It is about passing down the passion you 9 (true) value. I wish more people could embrace joy 10 perceive beauty through learning Chinese painting, just as I once did.” 【答案】 1．breathing 2．a 3．marked 4．brushes 5．to pursue 6．herself 7．into 8．What 9．truly 10．and 【解析】本文主要介绍了俄罗斯艺术家Donchenko通过学习中国画促进中俄文化交流，并致力于传承中国艺术之美。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着她的笔法变换，远处的山水逐渐成形，为中国传统的宣纸上的山川河流注入了生命。句中已有谓语took，空处作非谓语动词，breathe与逻辑主语distant landscapes之间是主动关系，且表示伴随动作，应用现在分词breathing作伴随状语。 2．考查冠词。句意：Donchenko在童年时就开始画画。child为可数名词单数，此处表示“作为一个孩子”，且child发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 3．考查动词时态。句意：她2007年的首次中国之行标志着她人生的转折点。空处为谓语，根据时间状语In 2007可知，应用一般过去时，mark的过去式为marked。 4．考查名词复数。句意：她一踏上中国的土地，就购买了书画书籍和画笔。brush为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且前面无冠词，应用复数形式brushes。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：2014年，她进入杭州的中国美术学院，接受中国画系统的学术训练。句中已有谓语enrolled，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意可知，空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式to pursue。 6．考查代词。句意：在逗留期间，她游历了全国各地，沉浸在当地民俗、自然景观和悠久传统中。bury oneself in为固定搭配，意为“专心致志于，沉浸在”，结合she可知，此处应用反身代词herself。 7．考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，她对中国传统美术所蕴含的哲学智慧和人文精神有了更深刻的洞察。gain an insight into为固定搭配，意为“对……有深刻了解/洞察”。 8．考查主语从句。句意：“中国画最打动我的是它对节奏韵味以及人与自然的共鸣的关注，”她指出。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指物，应用连接代词what，位于句首首字母大写。 9．考查副词。句意：它是关于传递你真正珍视的激情。空处修饰动词value，应用副词truly作状语。 10．考查连词。句意：我希望更多的人能像我一样，通过学习中国画来拥抱快乐并感知美。embrace joy和perceive beauty为并列关系，应用连词and连接。 10.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the heart of Milan, a restaurant is drawing locals in an unexpected yet quietly captivating way: Chinese braised dishes paired with Italian wine. Chen Yu, from Chengdu, has become one of the 1 (chef) reshaping local dining habits. Located in the heart of a bustling Milan district, his restaurant is small in size 2 rich in atmosphere, with walls lined with stories and snapshots of 3 (region) Chinese cuisine. Diners are often surprised by how seamlessly these rich, layered flavors pair well with Italian wines, 4 (create) a unique interplay between East and West. “So far, numerous authentic Chinese dishes 5 (make) their way into Italy and Europe, offering a richer palette of flavors and cultural experiences that people 6 (genuine) appreciate,” a regular customer says. Chen explains that Italian guests are fascinated by how traditional Sichuan flavors can pair surprisingly well with local wines. Some dishes, such as braised pork belly, are allowed 7 (cook) low and slow to release their full, slow-built depth of flavor, often finishing with a touch of sweetness that balances the heat. Food bloggers, some of 8 travel across Italy to review his menu, say that Chinese cuisine has introduced them to new ways of approaching food. “Chinese cuisine is a powerful way to share our culture,” says Chen. 9 (determine) to stay true to the integrity of traditional flavors, he believes confidence in one’s culture naturally encourages foreign interest. “Authentic Chinese cuisine is more than food — it is a bridge between cultures,” another customer says. “It’s time to showcase more of China’s living traditions, allowing the world to see 10 true richness of Chinese culture.” 【答案】 1．chefs 2．but 3．regional 4．creating 5．have made 6．genuinely 7．to be cooked 8．whom 9．Determined 10．the 【解析】文章主要讲述了来自中国成都的厨师在意大利米兰经营特色中餐厅，将中国传统红烧菜与意大利葡萄酒创新搭配，向当地人传播正宗中国饮食文化、搭建中西文化桥梁的故事。 1．考查名词。句意：来自成都的陈郁已经成为重塑当地饮食习惯的厨师之一。“one of+可数名词复数”是固定结构，表示“……之一”，空格处需要用chef的复数形式chefs。 2．考查连词。句意：他的餐厅位于米兰繁华的市中心，面积不大但氛围十足，墙上挂满了关于中国地方菜系的故事和照片。空格前“面积小”和空格后“氛围浓厚”构成转折关系，需要用表转折的连词but连接。 3．考查形容词。句意：他的餐厅位于米兰繁华的市中心，面积不大但氛围十足，墙上挂满了关于中国地方菜系的故事和照片。空格处修饰名词短语“Chinese cuisine”，需要将名词region转换为形容词形式regional作定语，意为“地方的”。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：食客常常惊讶于浓郁层次丰富的中国风味能和意大利葡萄酒完美融合，创造出东西方之间独特的交互体验。空处作结果状语，表自然而然产生的结果，逻辑主语是前文“风味完美搭配”这件事，与create是主动关系，因此用现在分词形式creating。 5．考查时态。句意：一位常客说道：“到目前为止，已有大量正宗中国菜肴进入意大利和欧洲，为人们提供了更丰富的风味，以及人们真正欣赏的文化体验。”句中时间状语“So far”是现在完成时的标志，主语“numerous authentic Chinese dishes”是复数，用have made。 6．考查副词。句意：一位常客说道：“到目前为止，已有大量正宗中国菜肴进入意大利和欧洲，为人们提供了更丰富的风味，以及人们真正欣赏的文化体验。”空格处修饰动词appreciate，需要将形容词genuine转换为副词形式genuinely，意为“真正地”。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：像红烧肉这类菜品需要小火慢炖来释放完整醇厚的风味，最后通常加入少许甜味平衡辣味。固定搭配be allowed to do sth.，表示“被允许做某事”，主语Some dishes和动词cook是被动关系，因此用不定式的被动形式to be cooked。 8．考查定语从句。句意：一些美食博主专程游历意大利来点评他的菜单，他们表示中国菜为他们带来了新的饮食思路。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Food bloggers指人，关系代词在介词of后作宾语，用关系代词whom。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：决心保持传统风味的纯正，他认为对自身文化的自信自然会吸引外国人的兴趣。固定搭配be determined to do sth.表示“决心做某事”，此处作状语省略be动词，用过去分词形式，句首首字母大写。 10．考查冠词。句意：另一位顾客说道：“正宗的中餐早已不只是食物，更是跨文化交流的桥梁。是时候展示更多中国鲜活的传统，让世界看到中国文化真正的丰富内涵了。”此处特指“中国文化真正的丰富内涵”，需要用定冠词the表特指。 4 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $