高考经典语法填空04——感受平凡生活故事，浸润人文情怀（全国通用）2027跟着经典英语高考试题备高考

专题04 高考经典语法填空 —感受平凡生活故事，浸润人文情怀 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·题型剖析 7 拔高·模拟演练 10 真题·命题感知 一、高考经典阅读理解——感受平凡生活故事，浸润人文情怀 经典：（2026年1月浙江卷）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 36 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 37 her arms, counting down the flashing green 38 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 39 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 40 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream 41 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 42 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 43 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 44 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 45 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 2.为什么高考中平凡的生活故事是重要的命题情境 高考英语语法填空将平凡的生活故事作为重要命题情境，是贴合英语学科核心素养考查要求、兼顾考核科学性与育人导向的针对性设计，核心原因是： 规避语法考点考查的套路化应试弊端 过往如果语法填空选用脱离现实的冷门虚构素材、小众异域题材，很容易催生考生机械刷专项题库、死记硬背特殊语法特例的应试套路，脱离了语言使用的真实逻辑。而平凡生活故事是所有考生日常都能接触到的真实场景，没有额外的陌生认知门槛，考点完全嵌入符合日常语言表达习惯的真实语境中，没法靠临时突击背冷门语法题模板应付，能真正检验考生能不能把语法规则活用到通顺自然的真实语用场景里，回归“语法是为日常语言表达服务”的本质，避免培养只会孤立背语法条文、放到真实句子里就无法判断用法的考生。 最大化保障语法填空题型的考核公平性 平凡生活场景覆盖不同地域、不同家庭背景考生的共同体验：不管是乡村考生熟悉的帮家里打理农活、参与邻里志愿帮扶的经历，还是城市考生常遇到的校园社团活动、社区便民服务的日常，所有考生都有对应的生活认知积累，不会因为素材涉及小众涉外背景、特殊圈层的陌生经历，让教育资源相对薄弱、没有机会接触小众域外话题的考生连读懂语篇都存在障碍，能让所有考生都能在顺畅理解语篇内容的前提下专注完成语法考点作答，不会因为语篇本身的认知门槛干扰真实语法水平的发挥。 适配语法填空的题型定位，回归语言工具属性的考查本质 英语语法填空的核心考核目标从来不是孤立筛查偏僻的语法偏题怪题，而是要考查学生在完整、真实的语义语境中正确运用语法规则的能力：选用考生熟悉的平凡生活故事作为载体，比如记录社区普通志愿者的暖心小事、描述校园里一场普通的课后实践活动、讲述家里长辈的日常小爱好，能让考生在贴近真实生活的连贯语流中理解语法服务于表意的作用，真正检验考生能不能把书本上学到的各类时态、词性转换、从句引导词等语法知识点，用来读懂日常类的实用英文文本，避免让语法考查变成脱离现实的纯逻辑文字游戏。 传递正向的学科育人导向 这类命题设计也在明确传递英语学科的评价方向：英语语法不是脱离生活的枯燥条文，是用来记录、解读身边真实日常的实用工具，引导青少年学会用跨文化的视角观察身边普通人的烟火日常，哪怕是基础的语法语言能力，也可以用来讲述身边平凡的中国故事，建立对真实生活的感知与共情，契合语言学科“以用促学、以文育人”的育人目标。 进阶·解题技巧 语法填空的基本技巧： 考点1 动词时态与语态 1.确定作谓语 分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词。 若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致 (1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态； (2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态； (3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。 2确定时态 1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词 时态 时间状语 一般现在时 now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously等 一般将来时 next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等 现在进行时 now, at present, at this moment等 现在完成时 since＋时间点，in/over the past... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far等 过去完成时 by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等 2.根据具并列关系： 考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither... nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。 3.根据常用句式定时态： (1)was/were doing... when...＋一般过去时 (2)was/were about to do... when...＋一般过去时 (3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时 (4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时 (5)No sooner had＋主语＋done... than＋一般过去时 (6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done... when＋一般过去时 (7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时 4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。 2 动词的语态 确定语态 1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系 (1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。 (2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。 (3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。 2.主动表被动 (1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时； (2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时； 3 主谓一致 确定“主谓一致” 项目 主语 谓语动词 语法 一致 不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、the number of＋复数可数名词 单数 复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number of＋复数可数名词 复数 (together) with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than, in addition to, including等连接的主语 与前面主语一致　　 意义 一致 “the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词 单数 “the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词 复数 就近 一致 neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not... but...等连接的主语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时 与邻近主语一致　 考点2 非谓语动词 确定作非谓语 分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。 1 非谓语动词作状语 1．识别标志 (1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。 (2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。 2．思维建模 (1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。 (2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 (3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式： ①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。 ②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。 非谓语动词作定语 1．识别标志 (1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。 (2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 2．方法指导 (1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。 (2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。 (3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。 3 非谓语动词作表语 1．识别标志 非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, become, get, seem, appear, look, turn等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。 2．方法指导 (1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。 (2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。 (3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。 非谓语动词作宾语 1．识别标志 动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构： 【高频再现】 (1)介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意to的身份识别。 (2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be accustomed to, be devoted to, lead to, object to等。 (3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, offer, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2．方法指导 (1)仔细观察挖空的句子。 (2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。 (3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。 非谓语动词作主语 1．识别标志 主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(doing)和动词不定式(to do)都可以充当主语。 2．方法指导 【高频再现】 (1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing还是to do作主语。 (2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。 (3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型： ①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth ②It's no use/no good/no fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth ③It takes sb＋some time/money＋to do sth 6.非谓语动词作补足语 1．识别标志 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。 【高频再现】 (1)不定式作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb to do sth。 (2)have sb/sth doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth done “使某人/某物被……”。 (3)with复合结构 ①with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生； ②with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行； ③with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已完成。 2．方法指导 (1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 (2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。 (3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。 考点3词形转换 1 名词复数 名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况 (1)有些名词一般不用复数形式，但可用复数形式来表达不同的类别 fishes各种鱼；fruits各种水果；steels各种钢材 (2)有些名词的单复数形式表达不同的含义 snow雪, snows积雪; two people两个人，two peoples两个民族 (3)glass一词作 “玻璃”解时，为物质名词，不可数 The cup is made of glass. 作 “玻璃杯”解时，则为个体名词，可数；如I bought ten glasses this morning. 作 “眼镜”解时，须用复数形式glasses.如: a man with thick glasses (4)paper一词作“纸”解时，不可数 write on paper; 作“报纸”“文件”“考卷”解时，则可数,如: hand in your test papers (5)物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数形式 a cup of tea; four pieces of bread; a cake of soap (6)有些抽象名词的复数形式表示不同的含义 time(时间)→times( 时代，次，倍数) work(工作)→ works( 著作，工厂，工事) air(空气) →airs( 气派，架子,姿态 ) look(看)→looks(容貌) custom(习惯) →customs(海关) advice(劝告)→advices(消息) arm(手臂)→arms(军火) damage(损坏)→damages(赔偿金) glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯) good(利益)→ goods(货物) compass(指南针)→compasses(圆规) manner(态度) →manners(礼貌,习俗) 2 动词变为名词 名词后缀 示例 －er/ －or announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 instruct→instructor 指导者，教师 design→designer设计师 －ment achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 perform→performance表演；表现 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ －ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 3 动词变形容词 形容词后缀 示例 －able enjoy vt.享受→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的 －ed frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的annoy vt.使生气→annoyed adj. 恼怒的 －ing convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的 thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的 －ful forget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的 succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的 －ive comprehend v. 理解→comprehensive adj. 综合性的 create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的 －ant tolerate v.容忍→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 ignore v. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的 4提示词是名词的词形转换 1.名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 2．名词转化为名词后缀 后缀 例词 －ian/ －ist/ music→ musician音乐家politics→ politician政治家 science→ scientist科学家piano→ pianist钢琴家 4. 形容词、副词的词性转化 1.形容词的词形转换 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited 词尾加­ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等) 动词词尾加­ive/­ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective 2.副词的词形转换规律总结 类别 例词 形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/aɪ/，直接加­ly) 词尾为­ble/­le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly) 词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例) 词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully 词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically 6.形容词、副词比较等级 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋­er/­est)转换 以­e结尾 ＋­r/­st late—later—latest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变－y为i，＋­er/­est early—earlier—earliest 以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写结尾字母＋­er/est big—bigger—biggest 多音节和部分双音节结尾 前面加more/most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 温馨提示：(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。 (2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。 (3)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, badly, ill worse worst many, much more most little less least far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”) further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上) old older/elder oldest/eldest 考点4连词与从句引导词 填连词 如果个单词、短语、句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或因果关系，则考虑填入并列连词。如果设空处所填单词要引导从句，首先要看它引导哪种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能确定填哪个引导词。 1考查并列连词 空格前后的两个或几个内容在句中充当相同的成分或发挥相同的作用时，填并列连词。 ① 并列或顺承关系用and；转折关系用but；选择关系用or；因果关系用so (前因后果），for（前果后因）；对比关系用while。 ② 还要注意连词的固定搭配：both … and … ；not only … but (also) … ; neither … nor … ; either … or … 等。 2考查引导状语从句的从属连词  若空格和空格后的内容能构成一个句子且该句子同时在另外一个句子中充当某个成分时，则空格填适当的从属连词来引导相应的从句。表示条件用if, unless；表示让步用although, though；表示原因用because, as, since；表示结果用so… that…，such … that …；表示时间用when, while, as, before, after；表示地点用where, wherever；表示目的用so that，in order that；表示方式用as, as if等。 3考查引导名词性从句的连词 引导名词性从句的连词that不充当句子成分又无任何意义，whether或if不充当句子成分，意思是“是否”。在介词后或者后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。 1）副词的判断 引导定语从句的关系副词when指代时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语；where代指地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语；why代指表示原因的名词，在定语从句中作原因状语。也会关注固定句型中的副词，如too… to … , so … that … 等。 2）助动词的判断 如果句子结构完整，设空处后面是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是现在时或主语是第三人称单数时，则很可能填表示强调、疑问或倒装的助动词。 语法填空题既考查考生的语言知识也考查考生的语言技能。答题时既要考虑上下文语境和设空所在句的句意，也要分析空格处要填的词在语句中的的句子成分，还要依据固定搭配解题，因为冠词、介词、连词、代词和副词的固定搭配都是高频考点。 考点4介词、冠词、代词 1.介词 语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即无提示词，考点主要集中在介词的基本用法和含介词的固定搭配的用法上。要求考生正确理解句意，平时注意积累名词、形容词、动词与介词的固定搭配。 首先，分析句子结构： 名词或代词或what从句在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词；空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 无提示词填空对介词的考查两点： ① 介词的基本用法（如at、in、on表示时间，by、before、after、till/until表示时间，by、in、on、with表示“使用……工具、方式、手段”等）， ② 固定搭配中的介词：介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词或副词之间的固定搭配（如：by chance碰巧，on average平均，in vain徒劳；adapt to适应，account for说明……的原因，come across遇见，remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；be curious about对……好奇的，be popular with受……的欢迎，be proud of因……而自豪的，be rich in富含……的）。 介词常见用法（具体参考本专辑专题考点04） 时间介词 in(表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等),on(表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间),at(表示特定的时间、节日、年龄),by(…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 1.in 与after的用法区别：A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after+时间点常用于一般将来时。 2. for与since的用法区别：A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。 3. during与for的用法区别：A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 4. before与by的用法区别：A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 地点介词 in, at, on, to 1.at 与in 的用法区别：at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 2.at与on的用法区别：at用于门牌号。on用于路名。 3.in,on,to的用法区别：in表示“包含”，如：Beijing is in the north ofChina.on表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of theU.S.to表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. 方式介词 with, in, by in,with,by的用法区别：in表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English?with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. 方位介词 at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 1.in,on,at 的用法区别：in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。  2.on, over, above的用法区别：on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 3.under与below的用法区别：under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” ,“在…之下”。 4. across, through, over, past的用法区别：across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。 其他 1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning 2.当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如: next Sunday 3.当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday 4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day. 2.冠词 冠词是语法填空的高频考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。首先看空格后是否有名词，有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 种类 常见用法 不定冠词 (a / an) 1. 修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an，而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如：an apple, a banana, an umbrella。 2. 与序数词连用，表示再一，又一”。如：You can try it a second time if you fail. 3. 固定搭配。如：all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。 定冠词 (the) 1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如：We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如： Pass me the dictionary, please. 3. 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如：Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 零冠词 1. 记忆口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭，复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 2. 固定搭配。如：lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。 特殊用法 1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如：a surprise 一件意外的事情；a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。 2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如：Can you give me a second chance, please? 3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如：play the piano；play erhu。 3.代词及其它 无提示词语法填空对代词的考查主要集中在引导定语从句的关系代词、引导名词性从句的连接代词和it的用法。 1考查关系代词 先行词为人时，在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可用who或that，在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可用whom/who/that（在介词后只能用whom）,在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ② 先行词为物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词可用which或that（在介词后只能用which），在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ③ 还要知道引导定语从句的关系代词在下列场合只能用that：先行词既有人又有物、先行词是表示事物的不定代词或被某些不定代词修饰、表示事物的先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 2考查连接代词 名词性从句不缺成分且意义完整时用that引导，名词性从句缺主语或宾语时，如果表示未知的事物，用what，已知的事物，表示“哪一个”用which；表示人时，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。 3考查 it 的固定搭配 关于代词it，主要考查以下用法： ① it代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 ② it用于强调句型中。 ③ it作形式主语或形式宾语。 ④ it用在固定结构中。常见的含有it的固定结构： I got it. 我明白了。 At last we made it. 我们终于成功了。 I can’t help it.  我没有办法。 Take it easy. 别着急。 Believe it or not. 信不信由你。 When it comes to... 当谈及……等 拔高·模拟演练 1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·内蒙古包头市第三次模拟） I’ve worked in China for four years, and my friends often ask me to travel with them. Luca, a 1 (photograph) from Milan, loves modern cities and he 2 (shoot) skyline photos in New York, Dubai, and London so far. He asked me to take him to Shanghai. Shanghai didn’t disappoint us: we walked the Bund, 3 old buildings sit in striking contrast to the futuristic Pudong skyline at night. After three days in the city, I suggested a side trip to Huangshan. He complained at first, “I’m here for cities, not hiking!” — 4 agreed to go finally. We woke up at 5 am 5 (hike) to the sunrise viewpoint. When the first light hit the peaks, Luca dropped his camera and whispered, “This is like a painting.” We spent the day not only walking along narrow stone paths, past trees that grow out of cliffs (悬崖), but also 6 (meet) other hikers — including a group of Chinese 7 (grandparent) who shared their snacks with us. At one point, we stopped at a tea house, and Luca 8 (serve) three cups of Huangshan Maofeng tea. “In Europe, the mountains are beautiful, but they feel quiet,” he said. “Here, the mountains feel 9 (incredible) alive-with people, with stories, with this energy I can’t explain.” 10 the time we took the train back to Shanghai, he had taken 500 new photos. “I came for neon (霓虹灯),” he said, “but I’m going home talking about mountains and tea.” 2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·海南海口市摸底） “Would you want a letter from my dad?” This is the offer 1 (make) by the Dad Letter Project which describes its mission this way: “Mail That Will Make You Smile or Cry in a Good Way.” Surprisingly, over two hundred people responded “yes”. Paulik, the 2 (organize), came up with the idea when Buz, her father, just retired and wondered how to help others a bit. “He writes me a letter every day.” Likewise, Buz grew up 3 (receive) letters from his parents, which allowed him to appreciate the benefits of communication and 4 (connect) between parents and children. Buz and other dad volunteers spent hours writing to strangers in need, including many 5 fathers had passed away. Amy Woods was struggling to take her mind off the four-year anniversary of her father’s death. 6 (introduce) her situation, Woods sent Paulik a letter from England. A few weeks later, Woods cried when she read the letter written by a stranger almost 4,000 miles away in Michigan. “It really reminds me 7 how much love I have for my dad,” said Woods. “It’s 8 (benefit) to write letters to those who have never received a letter from their own father, ” Buz said. Buz cared little about how much money was spent on postage for the project. Last August, after Buz received the first of a 9 (hand) of thank-you letters, Paulik’s mother 10 (text) her “You made your father’s day today. ” 3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·浙江杭州第二中学最后一卷） At dawn in Guangzhou’s tea houses, bamboo steamers rise and teacups are washed in skilled rhythm. Nothing can bring us more 1 (refresh) than a cup of yum cha, or morning tea. For Patrick Parsons, 2 Irishman, this time-honored Lingnan routine is not only a window to a different culture 3 he has immersed himself for more than two decades, but a deeply rooted part of everyday life. His tea habits 4 (undergo) a quiet transformation over the years. In Ireland, black tea is typically served with milk and sugar. But in Guangzhou’s tea houses, Parsons has come to prefer tea 5 its pure form. Whether Pu’er or his favored Jin Jun Mei, he drinks it unmixed. “I’ve learned to appreciate tea’s 36 (origin) flavor,” he said. In his view, the lively atmosphere of Guangzhou’s tea houses 7 (echo) the social function of Irish pubs. Parsons observed: “People come together to meet friends, to gather with family. It feels similar.” He is also fascinated by the finer details of the tradition, such as the custom of tapping fingers on the table 8 (express) thanks when tea is poured. Gradually, tea has reshaped his taste and broadened his understanding of local Cantonese culture. With tradition and times 9 (evolve) together, yum cha continues to adapt. Yet each morning, the routine remains: diners wash their cups, share a few steamers, 10 ease into the day — one sip of tea, two bites of dim sum. 4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·陕西韩城市高三教学质量检测（Ⅲ）） Last month, I finished my Level 2 Chinese lessons and I found 1 (I) wondering what to do next. With the next course starting only in spring, I decided to visit the Confucius Temple in Beijing, a site honoring the man 2 laid the foundation of China’s educational system over 2,000 years ago. On 3 bright autumn afternoon, I made my way past busy streets lined with colorful trees. Once inside the temple complex, I realized this was my second visit — the first, back in 2009, had been rushed and unmemorable. At that moment, I 4 (strike) by a completely new feeling. In the courtyard, a statue of Confucius stood proudly. A family was encouraging a young boy 5 (pose) and pray before it. Watching this, I reflected 6 how Confucius transformed education by advocating equal access to schooling — an unheard-of thing in his time. His teachings brought values like 7 (honest), hard work, respect, and filial piety (孝道), shaping the ethical foundations of Chinese society. Modern China’s commitment to social justice and its respect for tradition owe much to Confucius’ influence. Despite 8 (live) in a chaotic era, his vision of virtuous living became the cornerstone of a lasting national character. Even today, his wisdom continues to inspire 9 (generation). As I explored the temple, 10 (surround) by polite visitors, it became clear how much his influence is still felt in Chinese culture. 5.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·湖南长沙市雷锋学校模拟卷（二）） In May 2013, a mother came to pick up her daughter at a California Valley High School. While   51 (park), she hit the car in front of her. She didn’t notice her daughter right behind the car. She backed so quickly that she ran right over the girl, 2 screamed as the car pinned (卡住) her in place. The school’s baseball team   3 (practice) nearby at that time. When they heard the scream, they ran as fast as they could to the parking lot and then surrounded 4 car. They tried their best to lift the car clear off the ground so that the girl could be pulled to   5 (safe). It’s unbelievable that they could make it. When we react to emergency or high pressure situations, our strength increases 6 (surprising). Our muscles, which normally work at some 65 percent of 7 (they) ability, manage much more when fueled by adrenaline (肾上腺素). Adrenaline heightens your perception (知觉). It seems 8 (slow) down time and makes you aware of danger. It also leaves you remembering details far more specifically than you would 9 any other situations. This all adds up to a “superpower response” that lets people like these baseball 10 (player) achieve the impossible and save lives. 6.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏徐州市模拟预测） At dawn in Guangzhou’s teahouses, bamboo steamers rise and teacups are washed in skilled rhythm. Nothing can bring us more 1 (refresh) than a cup of yum cha, or morning tea. For Patrick Parsons, an Irishman, this time-honored Lingnan routine is not only a window to a different culture 2 he has immersed himself for more than two decades, but a deeply rooted part of everyday life. His tea habits 3 (undergo) a quiet transformation over the years. In Ireland, black tea is typically served with milk and sugar. But in Guangzhou’s teahouses, Parsons has come to prefer tea 4 its pure form. Whether Pu’er or his favored Jin Jun Mei, he drinks 5 unmixed. “I’ve learned to appreciate tea’s 6 (origin) flavor,” he said. In his view, the lively atmosphere of Guangzhou’s teahouses echoes the social function of Irish pubs. Parsons observed: “People come together to meet friends, to gather with family. It 7 (feel) similar.” He is also fascinated by the finer details of the tradition, such as the custom of tapping fingers on the table 8 (express) thanks when tea is poured. 9 (gradual), tea has reshaped his taste and broadened his understanding of local Cantonese culture. As tradition and times evolve together, yum cha continues to adapt. Yet each morning, the routine remains: diners wash their cups, share a few steamers, 10 ease into the day — one sip of tea, two bites of dim sum. 7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·河南濮阳市考前预测） You absolutely can’t take my mum anywhere without her directing a 15-minute photoshoot. If you think that means she enjoys being 1 the camera, you’re wrong. Mum is the everpresent subject and star of her happy photos while friends and family move in and out as supporting characters. Dad, meanwhile, is crouched (蹲伏) next to a bush, 2 (try) to get the best angle of Mum gazing serenely into the distance. Mum’s 3 (enthusiastic) for documenting family outings used to annoy me as 4 child. But as I’ve gotten older, I’ve realized the error of my ways. Namely: if you don’t capture your best angles regularly, people will forget how attractive you were. Many people wish they had a mum 5 never lets her kids forget that, and I’m grateful that I’ve got 6 (I). I love looking through our family albums (相册) and admiring those photos of Mum next to rose bushes 7 casually leaning against a tree. I love seeing her share photos online, and the way all her friends 8 (instant) rush over to tell her that she is still beautiful. Most of all, I love it when she has extensive proof of the regular, non-eventful life stuff no one else thinks to capture. We often forget 9 (appreciate) those times — and what we 10 (look) like when we were young. 8.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·山东省青岛市第一次适应性检测） Being an exchange student, I use my camera to bridge cultures and capture moments from the country I call my second home. Traditional Minnan-style houses, with roofs 1 (distinct) curved and walls time-honored, stood shoulder to shoulder. The 2 (rhythm) calls of free-range chickens provided background music for our shoot, occasionally interrupted by the distant laughter of villagers passing along the paths. What 3 (strike) me most was such plain warmth. A woman rode past with a basketful of leafy greens, her feet barely touching the ground as she slowed 4 (exchange) greetings with neighbors. At the store, the owner, 5 (wear) a gentle smile, wiped his hands carefully before weighing out dried mushrooms 6 regular customers. In that instant, I felt I was carried 3,000 kilometers south to my grandmother’s village. Though the landscape differed, the essence remained unchanged: that familiar village ecosystem 7 shopkeepers remember your favorite childhood treats and 8 (local) catch up on the latest news. This is the China I have come to know: It is not just through its high-rises and express trains, 9 in these pockets of everyday life that ring across cultures. The world stretches wide yet draws near, connected together by the shared 10 (kind). 9.（2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试广东卷）Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 1 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy 2 (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 3 pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 4 (push) you with their elbows (肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter 5 some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her 6 (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 7 sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8 . When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already at table 9 (have) supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 10 (inform). 10.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month, a Uber driver stopped her work so she could help a helpless new mother with a sick child. John Henry, Linda’s son, was born with a serious disease. Linda and her husband, who live in Kansas City and are both excellent athletes in the US, tried to find a doctor from Minnesota and Missouri to treat John Henry for the condition—but failed. Luckily, Linda managed 1 (contact) the best doctor in the world in St. Petersburg, Florida. The doctor asked for many of the 2 (detail) of the baby’s disease. It was said that the doctor was quite 3 (responsibility) and able to treat the disease so Linda said to her husband, “Next week I 4 (travel) to the Sunshine State to give our newborn son a fighting chance.” After John Henry was put into the ICU, Linda decided to go and buy him some new clothes. Upon ordering a Uber ride to the nearby clothing store, she was picked up by a woman 5 age was about forty. Her name was Nancy. Shortly after she got into Nancy’s car, Linda couldn’t help having a talk about her heartbreaking situation. “She told me her story and I really felt sorry for her,” Nancy said. Rather than simply drop Linda off at the store, 6 (amazing), Nancy parked the car and took her passenger to the store so she could treat John Henry to new clothes. Linda said, “For this stranger to go completely out of her way, who stopped what she was doing and stopped making money to come to be with me for 7 couple of hours, it was just moving and unbelievable.” Moved by Nancy’s good deed, Linda applied 8 a job in a charity (慈善组织) last week and signed 9 for some voluntary work to give a hand to others in trouble. Now Linda has changed her former personal 10 (prefer) and spends more time caring for her child and doing some volunteer work. 4 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 高考经典语法填空 —感受平凡生活故事，浸润人文情怀 目 录 真题·命题感知 1 进阶·题型剖析 7 拔高·模拟演练 10 真题·命题感知 一、高考经典阅读理解——感受平凡生活故事，浸润人文情怀 经典：（2026年1月浙江卷）There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 36 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 37 her arms, counting down the flashing green 38 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 39 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 40 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream 41 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 42 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 43 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 44 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 45 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 【答案】 36．to finish 37．in 38．numbers 39．watching 40．excitement 41．that/which 42．being pushed 43．the 44．and 45．seemingly 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与母亲一起度过的快乐时光，以及母亲如何将平凡的日常活动变得充满乐趣。 36．to finish考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 37．考查介词。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one’s arms表示“在某人的怀里”。故填in。 38．考查名词复数。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。number“数字”是可数名词，此处指多个数字，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填numbers。 39．watching考查非谓语动词。句意：她带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，就像它是一艘太空火箭的倒计时，兴奋和紧张一直持续到最后一刻：哔！本句已有谓语动词would dance，此处为独立主格结构，our eyes与watch之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填 watching。 40．考查名词。句意：她会带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，仿佛那是火箭发射的倒计时，兴奋和紧张的情绪在最后一刻不断累积：叮！本空与后面的tension为并列关系，共同作主语，需用excite的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。 41．that/which考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 42．being pushed考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 43．考查冠词。句意：我记得在超市推着手推车，在凹凸不平的停车场地面就像坐过山车一样。此处特指凹凸不平的停车场地面，应用定冠词the。故填the。 44．and考查连词。句意：她会加速，风吹着我们的头发向后飘，而我小小的声音喊着：“Weeee-eee-eee！”本空连接两个并列的独立主格结构the wind blowing our hair back和my tiny voice singing out为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 45．seemingly考查副词。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平淡无奇的时刻，但我们可以把其中任何一个变成庆祝。此处修饰形容词uneventful，应用副词seemingly“看似”，作状语。故填seemingly。 2.为什么高考中平凡的生活故事是重要的命题情境 高考英语语法填空将平凡的生活故事作为重要命题情境，是贴合英语学科核心素养考查要求、兼顾考核科学性与育人导向的针对性设计，核心原因是： 规避语法考点考查的套路化应试弊端 过往如果语法填空选用脱离现实的冷门虚构素材、小众异域题材，很容易催生考生机械刷专项题库、死记硬背特殊语法特例的应试套路，脱离了语言使用的真实逻辑。而平凡生活故事是所有考生日常都能接触到的真实场景，没有额外的陌生认知门槛，考点完全嵌入符合日常语言表达习惯的真实语境中，没法靠临时突击背冷门语法题模板应付，能真正检验考生能不能把语法规则活用到通顺自然的真实语用场景里，回归“语法是为日常语言表达服务”的本质，避免培养只会孤立背语法条文、放到真实句子里就无法判断用法的考生。 最大化保障语法填空题型的考核公平性 平凡生活场景覆盖不同地域、不同家庭背景考生的共同体验：不管是乡村考生熟悉的帮家里打理农活、参与邻里志愿帮扶的经历，还是城市考生常遇到的校园社团活动、社区便民服务的日常，所有考生都有对应的生活认知积累，不会因为素材涉及小众涉外背景、特殊圈层的陌生经历，让教育资源相对薄弱、没有机会接触小众域外话题的考生连读懂语篇都存在障碍，能让所有考生都能在顺畅理解语篇内容的前提下专注完成语法考点作答，不会因为语篇本身的认知门槛干扰真实语法水平的发挥。 适配语法填空的题型定位，回归语言工具属性的考查本质 英语语法填空的核心考核目标从来不是孤立筛查偏僻的语法偏题怪题，而是要考查学生在完整、真实的语义语境中正确运用语法规则的能力：选用考生熟悉的平凡生活故事作为载体，比如记录社区普通志愿者的暖心小事、描述校园里一场普通的课后实践活动、讲述家里长辈的日常小爱好，能让考生在贴近真实生活的连贯语流中理解语法服务于表意的作用，真正检验考生能不能把书本上学到的各类时态、词性转换、从句引导词等语法知识点，用来读懂日常类的实用英文文本，避免让语法考查变成脱离现实的纯逻辑文字游戏。 传递正向的学科育人导向 这类命题设计也在明确传递英语学科的评价方向：英语语法不是脱离生活的枯燥条文，是用来记录、解读身边真实日常的实用工具，引导青少年学会用跨文化的视角观察身边普通人的烟火日常，哪怕是基础的语法语言能力，也可以用来讲述身边平凡的中国故事，建立对真实生活的感知与共情，契合语言学科“以用促学、以文育人”的育人目标。 进阶·解题技巧 语法填空的基本技巧： 考点1 动词时态与语态 1.确定作谓语 分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词。 若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致 (1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态； (2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态； (3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。 2确定时态 1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词 时态 时间状语 一般现在时 now, today, nowadays, every year, usually等 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2021, the other day, two years ago, previously等 一般将来时 next year, in the future, soon, tomorrow等 现在进行时 now, at present, at this moment等 现在完成时 since＋时间点，in/over the past... years, in recent years, for＋时间段， so far等 过去完成时 by then, by the end of ..., when/before/after引导的从句等 2.根据具并列关系： 考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, or, rather than, neither... nor..., not only... but also...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。 3.根据常用句式定时态： (1)was/were doing... when...＋一般过去时 (2)was/were about to do... when...＋一般过去时 (3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时 (4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时 (5)No sooner had＋主语＋done... than＋一般过去时 (6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋done... when＋一般过去时 (7)It will be＋时间段＋before＋一般现在时 4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。 2 动词的语态 确定语态 1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系 (1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。 (2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。 (3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。 2.主动表被动 (1)当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时； (2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时； 3 主谓一致 确定“主谓一致” 项目 主语 谓语动词 语法 一致 不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、the number of＋复数可数名词 单数 复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number of＋复数可数名词 复数 (together) with, as well as, but, except, along with, rather than, in addition to, including等连接的主语 与前面主语一致　　 意义 一致 “the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词 单数 “the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词 复数 就近 一致 neither... nor..., either... or..., not only... but also..., not... but...等连接的主语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时 与邻近主语一致　 考点2 非谓语动词 确定作非谓语 分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。 1 非谓语动词作状语 1．识别标志 (1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。 (2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。 2．思维建模 (1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。 (2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 (3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式： ①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用to do; 表出乎意料的结果，用only to do; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用doing。 ②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用to be done; 表动作已经发生，用done。 非谓语动词作定语 1．识别标志 (1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。 (2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 2．方法指导 (1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。 (2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。 (3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。 3 非谓语动词作表语 1．识别标志 非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, become, get, seem, appear, look, turn等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。 2．方法指导 (1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。 (2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。 (3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。 非谓语动词作宾语 1．识别标志 动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构： 【高频再现】 (1)介词(如by, for, of, with, without, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意to的身份识别。 (2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allow, avoid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be accustomed to, be devoted to, lead to, object to等。 (3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, offer, hope, promise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。 2．方法指导 (1)仔细观察挖空的句子。 (2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。 (3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。 非谓语动词作主语 1．识别标志 主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(doing)和动词不定式(to do)都可以充当主语。 2．方法指导 【高频再现】 (1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing还是to do作主语。 (2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表具体某一次的动作用to do。 (3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型： ①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb)＋to do sth ②It's no use/no good/no fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth ③It takes sb＋some time/money＋to do sth 6.非谓语动词作补足语 1．识别标志 动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。 【高频再现】 (1)不定式作宾补：allow, ask, beg, command, encourage, expect, forbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb to do sth。 (2)have sb/sth doing “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth done “使某人/某物被……”。 (3)with复合结构 ①with＋宾语＋to do，表示动作还未发生； ②with＋宾语＋doing，表示主动、动作正在进行； ③with＋宾语＋done，表示被动、动作已完成。 2．方法指导 (1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 (2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。 (3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。 考点3词形转换 1 名词复数 名词单复数的形式比较复杂，注意掌握好以下的情况 (1)有些名词一般不用复数形式，但可用复数形式来表达不同的类别 fishes各种鱼；fruits各种水果；steels各种钢材 (2)有些名词的单复数形式表达不同的含义 snow雪, snows积雪; two people两个人，two peoples两个民族 (3)glass一词作 “玻璃”解时，为物质名词，不可数 The cup is made of glass. 作 “玻璃杯”解时，则为个体名词，可数；如I bought ten glasses this morning. 作 “眼镜”解时，须用复数形式glasses.如: a man with thick glasses (4)paper一词作“纸”解时，不可数 write on paper; 作“报纸”“文件”“考卷”解时，则可数,如: hand in your test papers (5)物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。of之前的数量名词，要根据情况使用单数或复数形式 a cup of tea; four pieces of bread; a cake of soap (6)有些抽象名词的复数形式表示不同的含义 time(时间)→times( 时代，次，倍数) work(工作)→ works( 著作，工厂，工事) air(空气) →airs( 气派，架子,姿态 ) look(看)→looks(容貌) custom(习惯) →customs(海关) advice(劝告)→advices(消息) arm(手臂)→arms(军火) damage(损坏)→damages(赔偿金) glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜,玻璃杯) good(利益)→ goods(货物) compass(指南针)→compasses(圆规) manner(态度) →manners(礼貌,习俗) 2 动词变为名词 名词后缀 示例 －er/ －or announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥；售票员 instruct→instructor 指导者，教师 design→designer设计师 －ment achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 equip →equipment装备；设备 govern→government政府 －y recover→recovery恢复 discover→discovery发现 －ance/ －ence appear→appearance出现；外貌 perform→performance表演；表现 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅 －ure/ －ture fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物) －ing hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始 build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认；准许加入 permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 expect→expectation期望 3 动词变形容词 形容词后缀 示例 －able enjoy vt.享受→enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的 －ed frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的annoy vt.使生气→annoyed adj. 恼怒的 －ing convince vt.说服，使信服→convincing adj.令人信服的 thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的 －ful forget vt.忘记→forgetful adj.健忘的 succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的 －ive comprehend v. 理解→comprehensive adj. 综合性的 create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的 －ant tolerate v.容忍→tolerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的 ignore v. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的 4提示词是名词的词形转换 1.名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 后缀 示例 --y sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的 --ed balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋的 --ful meaning→meaningful 有意义的 colour→colourful 五彩缤纷的 --able suit →suitable 合适的 change→changeable 易变的 --ous courage→courageous 勇敢的 mystery →mysterious 神秘的 --al addition→additional 附加的 globe→global 全球的 --ly friend→friendly 友好的 love→lovely 可爱的 --en wood→wooden 木制的 wool→woolen 羊毛的 --cal politics →political 政治的 ecology→ ecological 生态的 --ant significance →significant有意义的 ignorance→ ignorant 无知的 --cial commerce →commercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的 -en deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长 2．名词转化为名词后缀 后缀 例词 －ian/ －ist/ music→ musician音乐家politics→ politician政治家 science→ scientist科学家piano→ pianist钢琴家 4. 形容词、副词的词性转化 1.形容词的词形转换 类别 例词 词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy 词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited 词尾加­ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening 词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless 词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable 词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous 词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different 词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional 词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely 词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen 其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等) 动词词尾加­ive/­ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective 2.副词的词形转换规律总结 类别 例词 形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/aɪ/，直接加­ly) 词尾为­ble/­le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly) 词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例) 词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully 词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically 6.形容词、副词比较等级 形容词、副词比较级和最高级的构成(＋­er/­est)转换 以­e结尾 ＋­r/­st late—later—latest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变－y为i，＋­er/­est early—earlier—earliest 以重读闭音节结尾(末尾只有一个辅音字母) 双写结尾字母＋­er/est big—bigger—biggest 多音节和部分双音节结尾 前面加more/most beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful 温馨提示：(1)有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加­er和­est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词有：common, handsome, quiet, pleasant, cruel, stupid, friendly等。 (2)有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的), first (第一的), wooden (木制的), final (最后的), east (东方的), last (最后的), favourite (最喜欢的)等。 (3)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, badly, ill worse worst many, much more most little less least far farther(指时间或空间上“更远的”) farthest(指时间或空间上“最久的；最远的”) further(指空间距离“更远的”；在更大程度上) furthest(指空间距离“最远的”；在最大程度上) old older/elder oldest/eldest 考点4连词与从句引导词 填连词 如果个单词、短语、句子之间存在并列、转折、选择或因果关系，则考虑填入并列连词。如果设空处所填单词要引导从句，首先要看它引导哪种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能确定填哪个引导词。 1考查并列连词 空格前后的两个或几个内容在句中充当相同的成分或发挥相同的作用时，填并列连词。 ① 并列或顺承关系用and；转折关系用but；选择关系用or；因果关系用so (前因后果），for（前果后因）；对比关系用while。 ② 还要注意连词的固定搭配：both … and … ；not only … but (also) … ; neither … nor … ; either … or … 等。 2考查引导状语从句的从属连词  若空格和空格后的内容能构成一个句子且该句子同时在另外一个句子中充当某个成分时，则空格填适当的从属连词来引导相应的从句。表示条件用if, unless；表示让步用although, though；表示原因用because, as, since；表示结果用so… that…，such … that …；表示时间用when, while, as, before, after；表示地点用where, wherever；表示目的用so that，in order that；表示方式用as, as if等。 3考查引导名词性从句的连词 引导名词性从句的连词that不充当句子成分又无任何意义，whether或if不充当句子成分，意思是“是否”。在介词后或者后面紧跟or not时，只能用whether，不能用if。 1）副词的判断 引导定语从句的关系副词when指代时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语；where代指地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语；why代指表示原因的名词，在定语从句中作原因状语。也会关注固定句型中的副词，如too… to … , so … that … 等。 2）助动词的判断 如果句子结构完整，设空处后面是动词原形，尤其是上下文不是现在时或主语是第三人称单数时，则很可能填表示强调、疑问或倒装的助动词。 语法填空题既考查考生的语言知识也考查考生的语言技能。答题时既要考虑上下文语境和设空所在句的句意，也要分析空格处要填的词在语句中的的句子成分，还要依据固定搭配解题，因为冠词、介词、连词、代词和副词的固定搭配都是高频考点。 考点4介词、冠词、代词 1.介词 语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即无提示词，考点主要集中在介词的基本用法和含介词的固定搭配的用法上。要求考生正确理解句意，平时注意积累名词、形容词、动词与介词的固定搭配。 首先，分析句子结构： 名词或代词或what从句在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面一般是填介词；空格放在名词前后时，应考虑名词与介词的搭配；空格放在不及物动词后名词前时，应考虑动词与介词的搭配；空格放在形容词后名词前时，应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。 无提示词填空对介词的考查两点： ① 介词的基本用法（如at、in、on表示时间，by、before、after、till/until表示时间，by、in、on、with表示“使用……工具、方式、手段”等）， ② 固定搭配中的介词：介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词或副词之间的固定搭配（如：by chance碰巧，on average平均，in vain徒劳；adapt to适应，account for说明……的原因，come across遇见，remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；be curious about对……好奇的，be popular with受……的欢迎，be proud of因……而自豪的，be rich in富含……的）。 介词常见用法（具体参考本专辑专题考点04） 时间介词 in(表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等),on(表示某一天或星期几,指明具体的时间),at(表示特定的时间、节日、年龄),by(…的时候、到、等到…已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 1.in 与after的用法区别：A.介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。B.介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。C.介词after+时间点常用于一般将来时。 2. for与since的用法区别：A.介词for表示一段时间。B.介词since表示从过去某一时间以来。 3. during与for的用法区别：A.当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。B.如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 4. before与by的用法区别：A.介词before表示“在…之前”。B.介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 地点介词 in, at, on, to 1.at 与in 的用法区别：at表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。in表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 2.at与on的用法区别：at用于门牌号。on用于路名。 3.in,on,to的用法区别：in表示“包含”，如：Beijing is in the north ofChina.on表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of theU.S.to表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. 方式介词 with, in, by in,with,by的用法区别：in表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English?with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。by表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. 方位介词 at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 1.in,on,at 的用法区别：in表示“排、行、组”。on表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。  2.on, over, above的用法区别：on表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。介词above表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 3.under与below的用法区别：under是over的反义词即“在…下方”。below是above的反义词即“低于…” ,“在…之下”。 4. across, through, over, past的用法区别：across着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。through着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。over多表示从“上方越过”。past表示从“面前经过” 。 其他 1.当表示时间的词前有this, that时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning 2.当表示时间的词前有next时，其前面不用介词，如: next Sunday 3.当表示时间的词前有last时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday 4.当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some或all时，其前面不用介词，如：You can come any day. 2.冠词 冠词是语法填空的高频考点，经常考查不定冠词a, an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。首先看空格后是否有名词，有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；还要看是否是固定搭配。 种类 常见用法 不定冠词 (a / an) 1. 修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指。以元音音素开头的单词前需要用an，而以辅音音素开头的单词前用a。如：an apple, a banana, an umbrella。 2. 与序数词连用，表示再一，又一”。如：You can try it a second time if you fail. 3. 固定搭配。如：all of a sudden; as a matter of fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whole; at a distance; in a way。 定冠词 (the) 1. 表复指上文提到过的人或物。如：We have a cat and two dogs. The cat is black and the dogs are white. 2. 表特指说话双方都知道的人或物。如： Pass me the dictionary, please. 3. 用于比较级前，特指两个被比较的对象的一个。如：Of the two brothers, the younger is more interesting. 零冠词 1. 记忆口诀：下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭，复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 2. 固定搭配。如：lose heart, by chance, in time, catch sight of, in place of。 特殊用法 1.抽象名词或物质名词具体化。如：a surprise 一件意外的事情；a pleasure一个令人快乐的事情。 2. 序数词前的冠词活用。如：Can you give me a second chance, please? 3.表示乐器的名词前的冠词活用。如：play the piano；play erhu。 3.代词及其它 无提示词语法填空对代词的考查主要集中在引导定语从句的关系代词、引导名词性从句的连接代词和it的用法。 1考查关系代词 先行词为人时，在定语从句中作主语的关系代词可用who或that，在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词可用whom/who/that（在介词后只能用whom）,在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ② 先行词为物时，在定语从句中作主语或宾语的关系代词可用which或that（在介词后只能用which），在定语从句中作定语的关系代词可用whose。 ③ 还要知道引导定语从句的关系代词在下列场合只能用that：先行词既有人又有物、先行词是表示事物的不定代词或被某些不定代词修饰、表示事物的先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 2考查连接代词 名词性从句不缺成分且意义完整时用that引导，名词性从句缺主语或宾语时，如果表示未知的事物，用what，已知的事物，表示“哪一个”用which；表示人时，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。 3考查 it 的固定搭配 关于代词it，主要考查以下用法： ① it代替上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词。 ② it用于强调句型中。 ③ it作形式主语或形式宾语。 ④ it用在固定结构中。常见的含有it的固定结构： I got it. 我明白了。 At last we made it. 我们终于成功了。 I can’t help it.  我没有办法。 Take it easy. 别着急。 Believe it or not. 信不信由你。 When it comes to... 当谈及……等 拔高·模拟演练 1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·内蒙古包头市第三次模拟） I’ve worked in China for four years, and my friends often ask me to travel with them. Luca, a 1 (photograph) from Milan, loves modern cities and he 2 (shoot) skyline photos in New York, Dubai, and London so far. He asked me to take him to Shanghai. Shanghai didn’t disappoint us: we walked the Bund, 3 old buildings sit in striking contrast to the futuristic Pudong skyline at night. After three days in the city, I suggested a side trip to Huangshan. He complained at first, “I’m here for cities, not hiking!” — 4 agreed to go finally. We woke up at 5 am 5 (hike) to the sunrise viewpoint. When the first light hit the peaks, Luca dropped his camera and whispered, “This is like a painting.” We spent the day not only walking along narrow stone paths, past trees that grow out of cliffs (悬崖), but also 6 (meet) other hikers — including a group of Chinese 7 (grandparent) who shared their snacks with us. At one point, we stopped at a tea house, and Luca 8 (serve) three cups of Huangshan Maofeng tea. “In Europe, the mountains are beautiful, but they feel quiet,” he said. “Here, the mountains feel 9 (incredible) alive-with people, with stories, with this energy I can’t explain.” 10 the time we took the train back to Shanghai, he had taken 500 new photos. “I came for neon (霓虹灯),” he said, “but I’m going home talking about mountains and tea.” 【答案】 1．photographer 2．has shot 3．where 4．but/yet 5．to hike 6．meeting 7．grandparents 8．was served 9．incredibly 10．By 【解析】文章讲述了在华工作四年的“我”陪同来自米兰的摄影师卢卡先后游览上海、黄山的经历，原本只为拍摄现代都市天际线的卢卡，最终被黄山的自然景致与人文氛围深深打动。 1．考查名词。句意：卢卡，一位来自米兰的摄影师，热爱现代城市，到目前为止他已经在纽约、迪拜和伦敦拍摄了天际线照片。不定冠词a后需接可数名词单数，表明Luca的身份，photograph对应的表示“摄影师”的名词是photographer，符合题意。 2．考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语so far (到目前为止)，句子需使用现在完成时，主语he为第三人称单数，助动词用has，shoot的过去分词形式为shot。 3．考查定语从句。句意：上海没有让我们失望：我们漫步外滩，那里的老建筑与夜晚充满未来感的浦东天际线形成了鲜明对比。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the Bund表示地点，从句中缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where引导该从句。 4．考查连词。句意：他一开始抱怨“我是来逛城市的，不是来徒步的！”但最后还是同意去了。前后两个分句构成转折关系，需用表示转折的并列连词but/yet连接。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们早上5点醒来，徒步前往日出观景台。此处用动词hike的不定式形式作目的状语，说明早起的目的是徒步前往观景台。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一整天不仅沿着狭窄的石板路行走，路过从悬崖上长出的树木，还遇到了其他徒步旅行者，其中包括一群中国祖父母，他们和我们分享了零食。本句使用了not only...but also...的并列结构，前后并列的成分需保持形式一致，和前面的walking对应，此处需填meeting。 7．考查名词复数。句意：同上。a group of后接可数名词复数形式，grandparent的复数是grandparents。 8．考查动词时态和语态。句意：有一次我们在一家茶馆停下，有人给卢卡端上了三杯黄山毛峰茶。句子主语Luca和动词serve之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。 9．考查副词。句意：在这里，山脉感觉难以置信地充满生机——有人，有故事，有我无法解释的这种活力。空处修饰形容词alive，需用副词形式，incredible对应的副词是incredibly。 10．考查介词。句意：到我们坐火车返回上海的时候，他已经拍了500张新照片。by the time为固定搭配，意为“到……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。 2. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2027·海南海口市摸底） “Would you want a letter from my dad?” This is the offer 1 (make) by the Dad Letter Project which describes its mission this way: “Mail That Will Make You Smile or Cry in a Good Way.” Surprisingly, over two hundred people responded “yes”. Paulik, the 2 (organize), came up with the idea when Buz, her father, just retired and wondered how to help others a bit. “He writes me a letter every day.” Likewise, Buz grew up 3 (receive) letters from his parents, which allowed him to appreciate the benefits of communication and 4 (connect) between parents and children. Buz and other dad volunteers spent hours writing to strangers in need, including many 5 fathers had passed away. Amy Woods was struggling to take her mind off the four-year anniversary of her father’s death. 6 (introduce) her situation, Woods sent Paulik a letter from England. A few weeks later, Woods cried when she read the letter written by a stranger almost 4,000 miles away in Michigan. “It really reminds me 7 how much love I have for my dad,” said Woods. “It’s 8 (benefit) to write letters to those who have never received a letter from their own father, ” Buz said. Buz cared little about how much money was spent on postage for the project. Last August, after Buz received the first of a 9 (hand) of thank-you letters, Paulik’s mother 10 (text) her “You made your father’s day today. ” 【答案】 1．made 2．organizer 3．receiving 4．connection 5．whose 6．Having introduced 7．of 8．beneficial 9．handful 10．texted 【解析】本文讲述了“爸爸书信项目”公益活动为有需要的陌生人写亲笔信，用文字传递父爱温暖。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这正是由“爸爸书信项目”提出的邀约，该项目如此描述自己的使命：“能让你会心一笑或是动容落泪的邮件”。空格处需要非谓语动词作后置定语修饰offer；offer与make之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词形式made。 2．考查名词。句意：项目组织者Paulik，在她的父亲Buz刚退休并且想知道怎么给予别人一点帮助时想到了这个点子。根据定冠词the可知，空格处需要名词作Paulik的同位语，说明Paulik的身份；organize是动词，对应的表示“组织者”的名词是organizer。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：同样地，Buz是在收父母来信的过程中长大的，这让他意识到亲子间沟通和联结的好处。逻辑主语Buz与receive是主动关系，因此用现在分词receiving，作伴随状语。 4．考查名词。句意：同上。空格处与名词communication并列作介词of的宾语，需要用名词；connect是动词，对应的名词形式connection表示“联结、联系”。 5．考查定语从句。句意：Buz和其他爸爸志愿者花时间给有需要的陌生人写信，这些陌生人中很多人的父亲已经去世了。先行词是many，指代many strangers，空格处在定语从句中作定语修饰fathers，因此用关系代词whose。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在介绍完自己的情况后，Woods从英国给Paulik寄了一封信。空格处需要非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Woods与introduce之间是主动关系，且“介绍情况”发生在“寄信”之前，因此用现在分词的完成式Having introduced，位于句首首字母大写。 7．考查介词。句意：Woods说：“这真的让我想起我对我父亲有多么深沉的爱。”remind sb. of sth.是固定短语，意为“让某人想起某事”。 8．考查形容词。句意：给那些从未收到过自己父亲来信的人写信是很有意义的。此处是“It is + adj. + to do sth.”固定句型，It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式；benefit是名词/动词，对应的形容词形式beneficial表示“有益的、有意义的”。 9．考查名词。句意：去年八月，在Buz收到第一批屈指可数的感谢信之后，Paulik的母亲给她发消息说：“你今天让你父亲一整天都过得非常开心。”a handful of是固定短语，意为“少量的、一把”。 10．考查动词时态。句意：同上。根据时间状语Last August可知，整个事件发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，text的过去式是texted。 3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·浙江杭州第二中学最后一卷） At dawn in Guangzhou’s tea houses, bamboo steamers rise and teacups are washed in skilled rhythm. Nothing can bring us more 1 (refresh) than a cup of yum cha, or morning tea. For Patrick Parsons, 2 Irishman, this time-honored Lingnan routine is not only a window to a different culture 3 he has immersed himself for more than two decades, but a deeply rooted part of everyday life. His tea habits 4 (undergo) a quiet transformation over the years. In Ireland, black tea is typically served with milk and sugar. But in Guangzhou’s tea houses, Parsons has come to prefer tea 5 its pure form. Whether Pu’er or his favored Jin Jun Mei, he drinks it unmixed. “I’ve learned to appreciate tea’s 36 (origin) flavor,” he said. In his view, the lively atmosphere of Guangzhou’s tea houses 7 (echo) the social function of Irish pubs. Parsons observed: “People come together to meet friends, to gather with family. It feels similar.” He is also fascinated by the finer details of the tradition, such as the custom of tapping fingers on the table 8 (express) thanks when tea is poured. Gradually, tea has reshaped his taste and broadened his understanding of local Cantonese culture. With tradition and times 9 (evolve) together, yum cha continues to adapt. Yet each morning, the routine remains: diners wash their cups, share a few steamers, 10 ease into the day — one sip of tea, two bites of dim sum. 【答案】 1．refreshment 2．an 3．where 4．have undergone 5．in 6．original 7．echoes 8．to express 9．evolving 10．and 【解析】文章主要讲述了爱尔兰人帕特里克·帕森斯在广州的生活经历。 1．考查名词。句意：没有什么比一杯早茶（yum cha），也就是早茶，更能让我们感到提神醒脑的了。“bring sb. sth.”为固定搭配，此处应用名词作宾语，refresh的名词形式为refreshment，意为“提神之物”，不可数。 2．考查冠词。句意：对于爱尔兰人帕特里克·帕森斯来说，这种历史悠久的岭南传统不仅是一扇通向一种不同文化的窗口，二十多年来他一直沉浸其中，而且是他日常生活中根深蒂固的一部分。此处表示泛指“一个爱尔兰人”，且Irishman是发音以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。 3．考查定语从句。句意：对于爱尔兰人帕特里克·帕森斯来说，这种历史悠久的岭南传统不仅是一扇通向一种不同文化的窗口，二十多年来他一直沉浸其中，而且是他日常生活中根深蒂固的一部分。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a different culture”，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。 4．考查动词时态。句意：多年来，他的饮茶习惯经历了悄然的转变。根据时间状语“over the years”可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“His tea habits”是复数，所以用have undergone。 5．考查介词。句意：但在广州的茶馆里，帕森斯开始喜欢纯粹的茶。“in...form”为固定搭配，意为“以……形式”，所以此处用介词in。 6．考查形容词。句意：“我已经学会欣赏茶的原味了，”他说。此处修饰名词“flavor”，应用形容词，origin的形容词形式为original，意为“原来的，最初的”。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在他看来，广州茶馆热闹的氛围与爱尔兰酒吧的社交功能相似。此处描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语“the lively atmosphere”是单数，所以谓语动词echo用第三人称单数形式echoes。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他还对这一传统的一些细节着迷，比如倒茶时用手指轻敲桌子以表示感谢的习俗。此处用动词不定式to express作目的状语，表示用手指轻敲桌子的目的是表达感谢。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着传统与时代共同发展，早茶也在不断适应变化。此处为“with +宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，“tradition and times”与“evolve”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词evolving作宾语补足语。 10．考查连词。句意：然而，每天早上，惯例依旧：食客们清洗茶杯，分享几笼点心，然后轻松地开始新的一天——一口茶，两口点心。“wash their cups”“share a few steamers”与“ease into the day”是并列关系，所以用连词and连接。 4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·陕西韩城市高三教学质量检测（Ⅲ）） Last month, I finished my Level 2 Chinese lessons and I found 1 (I) wondering what to do next. With the next course starting only in spring, I decided to visit the Confucius Temple in Beijing, a site honoring the man 2 laid the foundation of China’s educational system over 2,000 years ago. On 3 bright autumn afternoon, I made my way past busy streets lined with colorful trees. Once inside the temple complex, I realized this was my second visit — the first, back in 2009, had been rushed and unmemorable. At that moment, I 4 (strike) by a completely new feeling. In the courtyard, a statue of Confucius stood proudly. A family was encouraging a young boy 5 (pose) and pray before it. Watching this, I reflected 6 how Confucius transformed education by advocating equal access to schooling — an unheard-of thing in his time. His teachings brought values like 7 (honest), hard work, respect, and filial piety (孝道), shaping the ethical foundations of Chinese society. Modern China’s commitment to social justice and its respect for tradition owe much to Confucius’ influence. Despite 8 (live) in a chaotic era, his vision of virtuous living became the cornerstone of a lasting national character. Even today, his wisdom continues to inspire 9 (generation). As I explored the temple, 10 (surround) by polite visitors, it became clear how much his influence is still felt in Chinese culture. 【答案】 1．myself 2．who/ that 3．a 4．was struck 5．to pose 6．on/ upon 7．honesty 8．living 9．generations 10．surrounded 【解析】本文讲述了作者参观北京孔庙的感受。 1．考查反身代词。句意：上个月，我完成了二级中文课程，发现自己在思考接下来该做什么。此处主语和宾语为同一人，所以用反身代词myself作宾语，强调“我自己”。 2．考查定语从句。句意：由于下一门课程要到春天才开始，我决定去参观北京的孔庙，这是一个纪念2000多年前为中国教育体系奠定基础的人的地方。先行词为the man，指人，在定语从句“laid the foundation of China’s educational system over 2,000 years ago”中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。 3．考查冠词。句意：在一个明媚的秋日午后，我穿过繁忙的街道，街道两旁是色彩斑斓的树木。此处表示泛指“一个明媚的秋日午后”，bright是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：就在那一刻，一种全新的感觉涌上心头。根据语境，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语I与strike之间是被动关系，即我被某种感觉触动，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是I，所以用was struck。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在院子里，一尊孔子雕像傲然矗立。一家人正在鼓励一个小男孩在雕像前摆姿势祈祷。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以此处用to pose。 6．考查介词。句意：看着这一幕，我思考着孔子是如何通过倡导教育平等来改变教育的——这在他那个时代是闻所未闻的事情。reflect on/upon为固定搭配，意为“思考；反思”，所以此处填on或upon。 7．考查名词。句意：他的教义带来了诸如诚实、勤奋、尊重和孝道等价值观，塑造了中国社会的道德基础。根据空前的介词like以及后面的“hard work, respect, and filial piety”可知，此处应用名词honesty，意为“诚实”，与它们并列。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管生活在一个混乱的时代，他对美德生活的愿景成为了一种持久的民族性格的基石。Despite为介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以用living。 9．考查名词复数。句意：即使在今天，他的智慧仍在激励着一代又一代的人。generation为可数名词，此处表示复数概念，应用复数形式generations，意为“一代又一代的人”，作宾语。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我在孔庙中游览，被彬彬有礼的游客们环绕时，很明显，孔子的影响在中国文化中依然深远。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词became，此处应用非谓语动词。I与surround之间是被动关系，即我被游客环绕，所以用过去分词surrounded作状语，表被动和完成。 5.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·湖南长沙市雷锋学校模拟卷（二）） In May 2013, a mother came to pick up her daughter at a California Valley High School. While   51 (park), she hit the car in front of her. She didn’t notice her daughter right behind the car. She backed so quickly that she ran right over the girl, 2 screamed as the car pinned (卡住) her in place. The school’s baseball team   3 (practice) nearby at that time. When they heard the scream, they ran as fast as they could to the parking lot and then surrounded 4 car. They tried their best to lift the car clear off the ground so that the girl could be pulled to   5 (safe). It’s unbelievable that they could make it. When we react to emergency or high pressure situations, our strength increases 6 (surprising). Our muscles, which normally work at some 65 percent of 7 (they) ability, manage much more when fueled by adrenaline (肾上腺素). Adrenaline heightens your perception (知觉). It seems 8 (slow) down time and makes you aware of danger. It also leaves you remembering details far more specifically than you would 9 any other situations. This all adds up to a “superpower response” that lets people like these baseball 10 (player) achieve the impossible and save lives. 【答案】 1．parking 2．who 3．was/#were practicing 4．the 5．safety 6．surprisingly 7．their 8．to slow 9．in 10．players 【解析】本文讲述2013年美国一所高中停车场，一位母亲倒车不慎碾压女儿，正在附近训练的棒球队队员合力抬车救下女孩的故事。 1．考查状语从句的省略。句意：她在停车时撞上了前方车辆。while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是while she was parking，省略she was，空处需填现在分词parking。 2．考查定语从句。句意：她倒车速度过快，径直从女孩身上碾过，女孩被车身卡在原地，疼得尖叫起来。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the girl，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。 3．考查动词时态。句意：当时学校棒球队正在附近训练。根据时间状语at that time可知，使用过去进行时，主语为team，谓语动词可以是单数也可以是复数，谓语用was/were practicing。 4．考查冠词。句意：队员们听到惨叫声后，立刻飞速冲向停车场，围在出事车辆旁。此处特指前文撞到女孩的那辆车，特指用定冠词the。 5．考查名词。句意：众人拼尽全力把汽车抬离地面，女孩得以被转移到安全地带。介词to 后接名词safety，作宾语。 6．考查副词。句意：人在遭遇突发险情或身处高压环境时，体能会出乎意料地暴涨。修饰动词increases，空处需填副词surprisingly，作状语。 7．考查代词。句意：人体肌肉日常只能发挥约 65% 的潜能，而肾上腺素分泌后，肌肉便能爆发出更强的力量。修饰名词ability，需用形容词性物主代词their。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：肾上腺素仿佛能放慢时间流逝，让人快速察觉危险。seem to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“似乎做某事”，空处需填动词不定式to slow。 9．考查介词。句意：相较于平常状态，人在肾上腺素作用下对事件细节的记忆也清晰得多。in ...situations为固定搭配，意为“在……情形下”，空处需填介词in。 10．考查名词。句意：以上种种共同构成了人类的“超能应激反应”，也正是这种反应，让这群棒球少年突破极限、创造奇迹，救下了一条生命。these修饰可数名词复数形式，空处需填复数名词players。 6.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·江苏徐州市模拟预测） At dawn in Guangzhou’s teahouses, bamboo steamers rise and teacups are washed in skilled rhythm. Nothing can bring us more 1 (refresh) than a cup of yum cha, or morning tea. For Patrick Parsons, an Irishman, this time-honored Lingnan routine is not only a window to a different culture 2 he has immersed himself for more than two decades, but a deeply rooted part of everyday life. His tea habits 3 (undergo) a quiet transformation over the years. In Ireland, black tea is typically served with milk and sugar. But in Guangzhou’s teahouses, Parsons has come to prefer tea 4 its pure form. Whether Pu’er or his favored Jin Jun Mei, he drinks 5 unmixed. “I’ve learned to appreciate tea’s 6 (origin) flavor,” he said. In his view, the lively atmosphere of Guangzhou’s teahouses echoes the social function of Irish pubs. Parsons observed: “People come together to meet friends, to gather with family. It 7 (feel) similar.” He is also fascinated by the finer details of the tradition, such as the custom of tapping fingers on the table 8 (express) thanks when tea is poured. 9 (gradual), tea has reshaped his taste and broadened his understanding of local Cantonese culture. As tradition and times evolve together, yum cha continues to adapt. Yet each morning, the routine remains: diners wash their cups, share a few steamers, 10 ease into the day — one sip of tea, two bites of dim sum. 【答案】 1．refreshment 2．where 3．have undergone 4．in 5．it 6．original 7．feels 8．to express 9．Gradually 10．and 【解析】文章讲述了爱尔兰人帕特里克在广州喝早茶二十载，爱上岭南茶文化的生活体验。 1．考查形容词。句意：没有什么比一杯早茶更能让我们感到神清气爽的了。根据“bring us more”可知，此处需填名词作宾语，refreshment表示“恢复精神”，为不可数名词。 2．考查定语从句。句意：对爱尔兰人帕特里克·帕森斯来说，这一历史悠久的岭南日常习惯，不仅是他沉浸其中二十多年的异域文化的窗口，更是其生活中根深蒂固的一部分。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a different culture，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此使用关系副词where​引导定语从句。 3．考查时态。句意：多年来，他的饮茶习惯悄然转变。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语over the years可知，此处需用现在完成时，表示动作从过去持续到现在，主语habits为复数，助动词用have。 4．考查介词。句意：但在广州茶馆，帕森斯开始偏爱茶的纯粹形态。根据空后its pure form可知，此处表示“以……的形式”，需用介词in。 5．考查代词。句意：无论是普洱还是他钟爱的金骏眉，他都直接饮用，不加混合。此处需用代词作宾语，指代前文的tea，所以用代词it。 6．考查形容词。句意：“我学会了欣赏茶的原味，”他说。此处需用形容词修饰名词flavor，origin的形容词形式为original，表示“原始的，最初的”。 7．考查时态。句意：帕森斯观察到：“人们聚在一起见朋友、家人团聚，感觉很相似。”句子描述客观事实，句子使用一般现在时态，根据主语It为单数第三人称，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：他对斟茶时叩手致谢的细节着迷。此处需用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了表达感谢”。 9．考查副词。句意：渐渐地，茶重塑了他的口味，拓宽了他对广府文化的理解。根据空后逗号及句子结构可知，此处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，gradual的副词形式为gradually“逐渐地”。句首首字母大写。 10．考查连词。句意：每天早晨，人们洗杯、共享蒸笼点心，悠然开启一天——一口茶，两口点心。根据“wash their cups, share a few steamers, ______ ease into the day”可知，此处为三个并列的谓语动词，需用连词and​连接。 7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·河南濮阳市考前预测） You absolutely can’t take my mum anywhere without her directing a 15-minute photoshoot. If you think that means she enjoys being 1 the camera, you’re wrong. Mum is the everpresent subject and star of her happy photos while friends and family move in and out as supporting characters. Dad, meanwhile, is crouched (蹲伏) next to a bush, 2 (try) to get the best angle of Mum gazing serenely into the distance. Mum’s 3 (enthusiastic) for documenting family outings used to annoy me as 4 child. But as I’ve gotten older, I’ve realized the error of my ways. Namely: if you don’t capture your best angles regularly, people will forget how attractive you were. Many people wish they had a mum 5 never lets her kids forget that, and I’m grateful that I’ve got 6 (I). I love looking through our family albums (相册) and admiring those photos of Mum next to rose bushes 7 casually leaning against a tree. I love seeing her share photos online, and the way all her friends 8 (instant) rush over to tell her that she is still beautiful. Most of all, I love it when she has extensive proof of the regular, non-eventful life stuff no one else thinks to capture. We often forget 9 (appreciate) those times — and what we 10 (look) like when we were young. 【答案】 1．behind 2．trying 3．enthusiasm 4．a 5．who/that 6．mine 7．or 8．instantly 9．to appreciate 10．looked 【解析】说明了母亲的爱好是在外出时拍摄大量照片，她始终是镜头中的主角。作者小时候对此感到厌烦，长大后却明白了母亲的用意：记录日常生活中的美好瞬间可以避免自己年轻时好看的样子被遗忘。作者如今很感激母亲，因为这些照片留存了平凡时光中的珍贵回忆。 1．考查介词。句意：如果你以为那意味着她喜欢拍摄别人，那你就错了。该空所在句的句意为“如果你以为那意味着她喜欢拍摄别人，那你就错了”。behind the camera的字面意思是“在相机后面”，但在拍照情境中，通常“在相机后面”的人是指拍摄者（摄影师）。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，爸爸则蹲在一棵灌木旁，试图找到最佳拍摄角度，将妈妈那平静地凝视远方的画面尽收镜头之中。动词try与其逻辑主语Dad之间存在主谓关系，故此处用所给动词的现在分词作伴随状语。 3．考查名词。句意：小时候，妈妈热衷于记录家庭出游的场景，这常常让我感到厌烦。根据空前的Mum’s可知，此处用名词enthusiasm作主语。 4．考查冠词。句意：小时候，妈妈热衷于记录家庭出游的场景，这常常让我感到厌烦。此处child为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。 5．考查定语从句。句意：许多人希望自己能有一个从不让孩子忘记这一点的母亲，而我很庆幸自己有幸拥有这样的母亲。该空引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是a mum，故此处填关系代词who或that。 6．考查代词。句意：许多人希望自己能有一个从不让孩子忘记这一点的母亲，而我很庆幸自己有幸拥有这样的母亲。此处意指“我的妈妈”，故此处用名词性物主代词mine作宾语。 7．考查连词。句意：我喜欢翻阅我们家的相册，欣赏那些照片中妈妈站在玫瑰花丛旁的景象，或者她随意倚靠在树上的画面。此处用or连接两个并列结构，表示选择或交替，句意为“在这些照片中，有些是妈妈站在玫瑰丛旁，有些是妈妈靠在树边”。 8．考查副词。句意：我喜欢看到她在网上分享照片的情景，也喜欢她身边所有朋友那种立刻冲过来告诉她她依然美丽的样子。修饰动词短语rush over用副词instantly。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们常常会忽略那些美好的时刻，也忽略了自己年轻时的模样。短语forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”。 10．考查动词的时态。句意：我们常常会忽略那些美好的时刻，也忽略了自己年轻时的模样。根据空后when we were young可知，发生在过去用一般过去时。 8.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·山东省青岛市第一次适应性检测） Being an exchange student, I use my camera to bridge cultures and capture moments from the country I call my second home. Traditional Minnan-style houses, with roofs 1 (distinct) curved and walls time-honored, stood shoulder to shoulder. The 2 (rhythm) calls of free-range chickens provided background music for our shoot, occasionally interrupted by the distant laughter of villagers passing along the paths. What 3 (strike) me most was such plain warmth. A woman rode past with a basketful of leafy greens, her feet barely touching the ground as she slowed 4 (exchange) greetings with neighbors. At the store, the owner, 5 (wear) a gentle smile, wiped his hands carefully before weighing out dried mushrooms 6 regular customers. In that instant, I felt I was carried 3,000 kilometers south to my grandmother’s village. Though the landscape differed, the essence remained unchanged: that familiar village ecosystem 7 shopkeepers remember your favorite childhood treats and 8 (local) catch up on the latest news. This is the China I have come to know: It is not just through its high-rises and express trains, 9 in these pockets of everyday life that ring across cultures. The world stretches wide yet draws near, connected together by the shared 10 (kind). 【答案】 1．distinctly 2．rhythmic 3．struck 4．to exchange 5．wearing 6．for 7．where 8．locals 9．but 10．kindness 【解析】本文是关于一位交换生在中国闽南乡村拍摄经历的所见所感。 1．考查副词。句意：传统闽南风格的房屋，屋顶明显呈弧形，墙壁历史悠久，并肩矗立。空格处修饰形容词curved，需要用副词形式；distinct是形容词，其副词形式distinctly表示“明显地；清晰地”，符合语境。 2．考查形容词。句意：散养小鸡的有节奏的叫声为我们的拍摄提供了背景音乐，偶尔会被路过小路的村民的远处笑声打断。空格处修饰名词calls，需要用形容词形式。rhythm是名词，其形容词形式rhythmic表示“有节奏的”，符合语境。 3．考查动词时态。句意：最打动我的是这种质朴的温暖。空格处是主要从句的谓语动词，根据下文的was可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，strike的过去式是struck。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位妇女骑着车经过，篮子里装满了绿叶蔬菜，她放慢速度，几乎脚不着地，和邻居打招呼。 此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“放慢速度的目的是打招呼”，所以填to exchange。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在商店里，店主面带温和的微笑，在为老顾客称干蘑菇之前仔细擦了擦手。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词短语the owner，名词短语the owner与动词wear之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词wearing作定语。 6．考查介词。句意：在商店里，店主面带温和的微笑，在为老顾客称干蘑菇之前仔细擦了擦手。weigh out sth. for sb.是固定搭配，意为“为某人称出某物”，所以填for。 7．考查定语从句。句意：尽管风景不同，但本质不变：那种熟悉的乡村生态系统，店主记得你童年最喜欢的零食，当地人谈论最新的消息。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是village ecosystem，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。 8．考查名词复数。句意：尽管风景不同，但本质不变：那种熟悉的乡村生态系统，店主记得你童年最喜欢的零食，当地人谈论最新的消息。空格处作主语，根据前文的shopkeepers可知，此处需要用名词复数形式，local的复数是locals，表示“当地人”。 9．考查连词。句意：我所了解的中国不仅是通过高楼大厦和高铁，更是通过这些跨越文化共鸣的日常生活片段。not just...but...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，所以填but。 10．考查名词。句意：世界广阔却又亲近，被共同的善意连接在一起。空格处作介词by的宾语，需要用名词形式；kind是形容词，其名词形式kindness表示“善意；好意”，符合语境。 9.（2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试广东卷）Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult 1 was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy 2 (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not 3 pleasant experience: people stepped on your feet or 4 (push) you with their elbows (肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter 5 some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her 6 (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes 7 sale. She did not hesitate for long: although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8 . When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already at table 9 (have) supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane 10 (inform). 【答案】 1．it 2．to please 3．a 4．pushed 5．where 6．choice 7．on 8．him 9．having 10．was informed 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲叙Jane在圣诞节给父亲选礼物，因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴，满以为这次买烟斗送父亲会让父亲高兴的，却被告知父亲终于戒烟了。 1．考查代词。句意：她记得为父亲挑选一份合适的圣诞礼物是多么困难。分析句子结构可知，本空填it，在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father。故填it。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：她希望他能像她母亲一样容易取悦，因为她母亲总是喜欢香水。动词please意为“取悦”。分析句子结构可知，本空填不定式to please，在形容词easy后，作状。故填to please。 3．考查冠词。句意：此外，每年这个时候购物并不是一种愉快的体验：人们踩在你的脚上或用胳膊肘推你，匆匆忙忙地赶去买便宜货。根据句意可知，此处使用冠词a，表示“一次”愉快的经历。故填a。 4．考查时态。句意：此外，每年这个时候购物并不是一种愉快的体验：人们踩在你的脚上或用胳膊肘推你，匆匆忙忙地赶去买便宜货。根据空前的stepped和or可知，与stepped并列，push“推”也用过去式pushed，构成一般过去时。故填pushed。 5．考查定语从句。句意：简在柜台前停了下来，柜台上陈列着一些漂亮的领带。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰counter，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填关系副词where，引导定语从句。故填where。 6．考查名词。句意：但根据过去的经验，简知道她选择的领带很难让她父亲满意。分析句子结构可知，本空填名词choice“选择”，在形容词性物主代词her后，作主语，且根据句意可知，这里指这一次领带选择，故用单数形式。故填choice。 7．考查固定短语。句意：她发现一些质量好的管子在出售。结合句意可知，本空填on，on sale表示“出售”，是固定搭配。故填on。 8．考查代词。句意：她没有犹豫太久，虽然她父亲只是偶尔抽一根烟斗，但她知道这是一件一定会使他高兴的礼物。给父亲买礼物，根据常识应是使父亲高兴，故填him“他”，作please的宾语。故填him。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：当简回到家时，包里装着她精心挑选的小礼物，她的父母已经在餐桌旁吃晚饭了。分析句子结构可知，本句系动词为were，故本空为非谓语动词，故填现在分词having，作伴随状语。故填having。 10．考查时态和语态。句意：“你父亲终于决定戒烟了，”简被告知。结合句意可知事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时。因主语Jane与inform“告知”是被动关系，故用was informed，构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填was informed。 10.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last month, a Uber driver stopped her work so she could help a helpless new mother with a sick child. John Henry, Linda’s son, was born with a serious disease. Linda and her husband, who live in Kansas City and are both excellent athletes in the US, tried to find a doctor from Minnesota and Missouri to treat John Henry for the condition—but failed. Luckily, Linda managed 1 (contact) the best doctor in the world in St. Petersburg, Florida. The doctor asked for many of the 2 (detail) of the baby’s disease. It was said that the doctor was quite 3 (responsibility) and able to treat the disease so Linda said to her husband, “Next week I 4 (travel) to the Sunshine State to give our newborn son a fighting chance.” After John Henry was put into the ICU, Linda decided to go and buy him some new clothes. Upon ordering a Uber ride to the nearby clothing store, she was picked up by a woman 5 age was about forty. Her name was Nancy. Shortly after she got into Nancy’s car, Linda couldn’t help having a talk about her heartbreaking situation. “She told me her story and I really felt sorry for her,” Nancy said. Rather than simply drop Linda off at the store, 6 (amazing), Nancy parked the car and took her passenger to the store so she could treat John Henry to new clothes. Linda said, “For this stranger to go completely out of her way, who stopped what she was doing and stopped making money to come to be with me for 7 couple of hours, it was just moving and unbelievable.” Moved by Nancy’s good deed, Linda applied 8 a job in a charity (慈善组织) last week and signed 9 for some voluntary work to give a hand to others in trouble. Now Linda has changed her former personal 10 (prefer) and spends more time caring for her child and doing some volunteer work. 【答案】 1．to contact 2．details 3．responsible 4．will travel 5．whose 6．amazingly 7．a 8．for 9．up 10．preference 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一名优步司机停下了她的工作，去帮助一位带着生病孩子的无助的新妈妈的故事。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，琳达设法联系上了佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的世界上最好的医生。manage to do sth.“设法做某事”，故此处使用动词contact“联系”的不定式形式。故填to contact。 2．考查名词的数。句意：医生询问了婴儿疾病的许多具体情况。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处使用名词detail“具体情况”，结合空前的many可知，detail应用名词复数形式，作宾语。故填details。 3．考查形容词。句意：据说医生很负责，能治这种病，所以琳达对她丈夫说:“下星期我要去阳光之州，给我们刚出生的儿子一个抗争的机会。”根据句意可知，此处使用形容词responsible“负责的”，作表语。故填responsible。 4．考查时态。句意：据说医生很负责，能治这种病，所以琳达对她丈夫说:“下星期我要去阳光之州，给我们刚出生的儿子一个抗争的机会。”动词travel意为“行进”。根据空前的Next week“下星期”可知，本句使用一般将来时。故填will travel。 5．考查定语从句。句意：她叫了一辆优步车去附近的服装店，一名40岁左右的女子接了她。分析句子结构可知，本空引导定语从句，修饰先行词woman，且从句中缺少修饰age的定语，故填whose，引导定语从句。故填whose。 6．考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，南希没有简单地把琳达送到商店，而是把车停好，把她的乘客带到商店，这样她就可以给约翰·亨利买新衣服了。分析句子结构可知，此处使用副词amazingly“令人惊讶的是”，作状语。故填amazingly。 7．考查冠词。句意：对这个陌生人来说，她完全不顾自己的路，她停止了自己正在做的事情，也停止了赚钱，来和我在一起几个小时，这真是令人感动，令人难以置信。根据空后的couple of可知，此处使用冠词a，a couple of“几个”，为固定短语。故填a。 8．考查固定短语。句意：琳达被南希的善举感动了，她上周在一家慈善机构申请了一份工作，并报名参加了一些志愿工作，帮助那些有困难的人。根据空前的applied可知，此处使用介词for，apply for“申请”，为固定短语。故填for。 9．考查固定短语。句意：琳达被南希的善举感动了，她上周在一家慈善机构申请了一份工作，并报名参加了一些志愿工作，帮助那些有困难的人。根据空前的signed可知，此处使用up，sign up for“报名参加”，为固定短语。故填up。 10．考查名词。句意：现在琳达已经改变了她以前的个人喜好，花更多的时间照顾她的孩子和做一些志愿者工作。分析句子结构可知，此处使用不可数名词preference“爱好”，作has changed的宾语。故填preference。 4 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $