Unit 5 Starting out & Understanding ideas (Reading) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语外研版七年级上册

2026-10-09
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Unit 5 The power of plants Starting out & Understanding ideas (Reading) 课时基本信息 课  题 Unit 5 The power of plants — Starting out & Understanding ideas (Reading) 课  型 阅读课(第一课时·45分钟) 年  级 七年级上册 版  本 外研版(2024)英语七年级上册 教学重难点 【教学重点】 理解标题中 plant 的双关含义(植物/工厂)与拟人化写法,梳理光合作用过程(水+二氧化碳+阳光→糖类+氧气),掌握核心词汇(leaf、root、stem、sugar、oxygen、sunlight、rise、though)与短语(rise up、mix...together、take a rest),理解植物对人类与自然的多重价值,树立保护植物、尊重自然平衡的意识 【教学难点】 说出 plant 一词的双重含义并用简单英语表达对保护植物的看法,区分 rise(不及物,自然上升)与 raise(及物,人为举起) 词汇速览 leaf /liːf/ n. 叶子(复数 leaves;光合作用发生在叶子里) root /ruːt/ n. 根(Water from the root 水从根部来) stem /stem/ n. 茎(through the stem 通过茎) sugar /ˈʃʊɡə/ n. 糖(Workers make sugar and oxygen 制造糖和氧气) oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n. 氧气(humans need it to breathe 人类呼吸所需) sunlight /ˈsʌnlaɪt/ n. 阳光(mix water, CO2 and sunlight 混合水、二氧化碳和阳光) workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 车间,工场(workshop 1001 叶绿体被比作车间) rise /raɪz/ v. 升高,上升(rise-rose-risen,不及物:The water will rise up to the Leaf.) though /ðəʊ/ adv. 可是,不过,然而(句末:It takes much time, though.) breathe /briːð/ v. 呼吸(They need it to breathe.) (一)热身讨论 · 植物能做什么 【过渡语】新单元开箱——不开口的人类朋友,藏着多大的能量? Can plants do these? 植物能做这些吗?talk 说话/walk 走路/breathe 呼吸——What can we humans do? 人类能做什么? 给植物能做的事打勾:attack 攻击/move 移动/breathe 呼吸/speak 说话/eat 吃/steal 偷/sleep 睡觉/think 思考。 【知识点】 ▶植物冷知识:植物会「呼吸」(breathe)、能「移动」(move,向光生长)、某些食虫植物甚至会「攻击/吃」昆虫——但不会 speak 和 think。 【提示框】 打勾先想证据:捕蝇草会 attack、含羞草会 move——带着好奇心给每一项找例子,英语词汇就记活了。 (二)Starting out · 破土的种子 Look at the picture and answer the questions. 观察种子破土图回答:What is happening in the picture? — The seed is growing out of the soil. 种子正破土而出。/What did you think of it? — I think it is powerful. 我觉得它很有力量。/What words can be used to describe the seedling? — It is tiny but strong, fresh and green, and full of hope. 它虽微小却强壮、鲜嫩碧绿、充满希望。 What facts about plants do you know? 植物知识分享:Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants in the world. We can use it for many things, like building materials, food, and paper. It provides homes for many animals and helps prevent soil erosion. 竹子是世界上生长最快的植物之一,可用作建筑材料、食物和纸张,为许多动物提供家园并帮助防止水土流失。 Do you think plants are amazing? Why or why not? — Yes, I do. Because a lot of our food comes from plants. We can use different plants to make medicines. 是的,很多食物来自植物,不同的植物还能制药。 【知识点】 ▶描述幼苗的三个形容词组:tiny but strong 微小却强壮、fresh and green 鲜嫩碧绿、full of hope 充满希望——写植物作文的开头好句。 ▶竹子的多重价值:building materials 建筑材料、food 食物、paper 纸张、homes for animals 动物家园、prevent soil erosion 防止水土流失。 (三)读前观察 · 植物的馈赠 Look at the pictures and answer the questions. 看四幅图回答人们在做什么:a. The girl is buying some vegetables. 女孩在买菜。b. The man is working on wood. 男子在加工木材。c. The woman is weighing the herbs. 女子在称草药。d. The girl is drawing trees and grass. 女孩在画树木草地。 What can plants do for us? — Plants can be our food, medicine, materials for houses and inspiration for painting. 植物可以成为我们的食物、药材、建房材料和绘画灵感。 【提示框】 看图说话公式:The + 人 + is/are + doing + 宾语——四幅图练四句,进行时态顺手就熟了。 (四)读前预测 · 标题双关 【过渡语】课文标题里藏着一个「双面词」——先看图猜猜工人们在哪里上班。 Look at the picture of a plant and answer the questions. 看植物图回答:What do you see in the picture? — I see some workers. 我看到一些工人。/What are they producing? — They are producing oxygen. 他们在制造氧气。/What is the picture about? — Photosynthesis (光合作用). 图片关于光合作用。 Look at the picture of a plant and match the words to it. 把词语与图片匹配:sunlight 阳光/sugar 糖/water 水/leaf 叶子。 Choose another suitable title and give your reasons. 再选一个合适标题并说明理由:How to make sugar 如何制糖/How plants work 植物如何工作/Why plants are great 植物为何伟大/Going to the green workshop 走进绿色工厂。 【知识点】 ▶光合作用四要素图:sunlight 阳光+water 水(来自 root 根,经 stem 茎)→ leaf 叶片里的工人 → 制成 sugar 糖+oxygen 氧气。 【提示框】 选标题先想文章视角:课文把光合作用写成「工厂上班」,Going to the green workshop 呼应「工厂」比喻——标题也要配文风。 植物结构词语匹配页 (五)略读定构 · 五段大意 Think and share. 标题理解:What does "plant" mean in the title? — The word "plant" has two meanings. One is about the living thing. The other is about the place the workers work in. plant 一词双关:一指植物(living thing),二指工人工作的场所(工厂)。 学习提示:本文主要展示了植物光合作用的过程——植物的绿叶里分布着大量叶绿体,叶绿体是光合作用发生的地方,内部含有叶绿素分子和酶,能利用二氧化碳和光能进行光合作用,合成糖类等有机物质,并释放氧气;糖类等有机物质供植物自身生长,氧气则通过叶子的气孔释放到空气中。文中大量运用了比喻和拟人的修辞手法:标题中的 plant 既代表真正的植物,也暗指一个充满活力和生机的工厂,既是比喻也是双关;光合作用的发生地——叶绿体被比作了工厂的车间(workshop),承担光合作用的叶绿素被比作车间内的工人(worker),光合作用的过程被描述成工人工作的过程。 Work in groups and compare the two titles. 小组对比两个标题:There are some workers in a plant. What do they do in the plant? — They make oxygen and sugar. 他们在「工厂」里制造氧气和糖。Where do they actually work? — They work in the leaves of a plant. 实际上他们工作在植物的叶片里。 Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. 通读课文匹配段落大意:Workers in plants will have a rest.(工厂里的工人会休息)/The importance of plants.(植物的重要性)/Introduce the Worker No. 55.(介绍 55 号工人)/How plants work.(植物如何工作)/Plants produce substances.(植物制造物质)。 【知识点】 ▶plant 双关=比喻+双辞(pun):叶绿体→车间 workshop,叶绿素→工人 worker,光合作用→工人上班——读科普文先抓住「比喻系统」这条暗线。 ▶光合作用科学事实:叶绿体(含叶绿素与酶)利用二氧化碳和光能合成糖类并释放氧气,氧气经气孔释放。 【提示框】 读拟人科普文的小窍门:每遇到 worker/workshop/plant 就问一句「它实际指什么」——双关词翻译成大白话,文章立刻通透。 两个标题对比页 (六)精读分段 · 工人的一天 Read Paras.1-2 and answer the questions. 读第一、二段:What time does Worker No. 55 begin work in the plant? — Worker No. 55 begins work at quarter past seven. 55 号工人七点一刻开始上班。What are the main tasks of workers in workshop 1001? — Collecting sunlight and CO2 during the day, and mixing water, CO2, and sunlight in the Leaf. 白天收集阳光和二氧化碳,在叶片里混合水、二氧化碳与阳光。 Read Para.3 and answer the questions. 读第三段:What does Leaf's workers produce by mixing water, CO2 and sunlight together? — Sugar and oxygen. 制造出糖和氧气。What is the use of the sugar and oxygen produced? — Sugar is useful for the growth of the plant. And oxygen is very important to animals and humans. They need it to breathe. 糖供植物生长,氧气对动物和人类极其重要——他们需要它来呼吸。 Read Paras.4-5 and answer the question. 读第四、五段:What are some important contributions of plants to the natural world? — Plants give more than food and oxygen. They play an important role in preserving the natural world. 植物的贡献不止食物与氧气,它们在维护自然世界中扮演重要角色。 Complete the texts with the words and expression from the passage. 用课文词句补全流程图:Sunlight and CO2 enter the 1________(leaf). Water from the root will 2_________(rise up)to the leaf through the stem. 3_________(Water), CO2 and sunlight will turn into 4_________(sugar)and oxygen. Oxygen is important to humans—they need it to 5_________(breathe). Think and share. 拓展思考:In what other ways do plants help the world? — Plants clean the air and help stop floods. They provide homes for animals, and reduce the effect of climate change. 植物净化空气、帮助阻挡洪水、为动物提供家园、减缓气候变化的影响。 【知识点】 ▶光合作用流水线:sunlight+CO2 进入 leaf → 水从 root 经 stem 上升(rise up)→ Water+CO2+sunlight → sugar(供植物生长)+oxygen(供动物人类呼吸)→ 天黑工人 take a rest。 ▶植物的其他贡献:clean the air 净化空气、stop floods 阻挡洪水、homes for animals 动物家园、reduce climate change 减缓气候变化。 【提示框】 复述流程用「先…再…然后…」:先阳光二氧化碳进叶片,再水分上升汇合,然后变成糖和氧气——顺序词一挂,整段话就顺了。 光合作用流程图填空页 (七)语言点一 · to 与 past 表时间 学习 past:意为「晚于、过……」,用于分钟数≤30,表示「几点过几分」。half past + 整点 固定表达「几点半」。例:It's ten past five. 现在五点十分。(5:10)/It's half past seven. 现在七点半。(7:30)/It's quarter past seven. 现在是七点一刻。 学习 to:意为「差……(到下一个整点)」,用于分钟数>30,表示「差几分到几点」。例:It's five to twelve. 现在差五分十二点。(11:55)/It's a quarter to eight. 现在差一刻八点。(7:45)。 【提示框】 钟面判官:分针在右半边用 past,左半边用 to;half 与 a quarter 是高频客——half past、a quarter past/to 三个短语背下来直接套。 (八)语言点二 · rise 与 raise 学习 rise /raɪz/ v. 升高,上升:The water will rise up to the Leaf through the Stem. 水将通过植物的茎上升到叶片。rise 升起;上升;上涨——不及物动词 (vi.),后面不加宾语,事物自身自然上升。变形:rise-rose-risen;现在分词 rising。例:1. The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。2. The river rose after heavy rain. 大雨过后河水上涨。 对比 raise /reɪz/:抚养,养育;募集;征集;举起;抬高——及物动词 (vt.),后面必须接宾语,人为把某物举起来。变形:raise-raised-raised;现在分词 raising。例:1. Please raise your hand. 请举手。2. They raise money for poor children. 他们为贫困儿童筹款。 【知识点】 ▶rise(不及物,自然上升):rise-rose-risen——The sun rises in the east./The river rose after heavy rain./The water will rise up to the Leaf. ▶raise(及物,人为举起):raise-raised-raised——raise your hand 举手/raise money 筹款/raise children 抚养孩子。 【提示框】 一秒判断法:后面有宾语用 raise,没有宾语用 rise——太阳自己升(rise),你把手举起来(raise your hand)。 rise 与 raise 辨析页 (九)语言点三 · though 的两面 学习 though /ðəʊ/ adv. 可是,不过,然而:句中 though 用作副词,意为「可是,不过,然而」,用于为前面的句子增加对比或转折性的信息,常常被用在句子末尾。例:He said he would come. He didn't, though. 他说他会来,可是他没来。/The task is not very difficult. It takes much time, though. 这个任务不算很难,然而很耗时间。 对比:though 作连词(放句首/句中,引导让步状语从句)——Though it rained, we went out. 虽然下雨,我们还是出去了。课文原句:It means a lot to animals and humans, though — they need it to breathe! 不过,它们对动物和人来说意义重大——他们需要它来呼吸! 【知识点】 ▶though 作副词=「可是,不过」,放句末补充转折:He didn't, though./It takes much time, though. ▶though 作连词=「虽然」,放句首/句中引导让步状语从句:Though it rained, we went out.(不能与 but 连用)。 (十)随堂检测 限时独立完成随堂检测(本课词汇与语言点),完成后同桌互批,逐题核对订正。 一、1. leaves 2. rise 3. sending 4. collect 5. natural;二、1. send up water 2. rise up to 3. mix 4. take a rest 5. is important to 一、单词拼写 1. There are many beautiful ________ (leaf) in autumn. 2. Many people go to Tian'anmen Square to watch the national flag ________ (上升). 3. How about ________ (send) a beautiful flower to our teacher on Teachers' Day this year? 4. The teacher makes her students ________ (收集) plants and insects. 5. Many visitors come to Zijin Mountain to enjoy its ________ (nature) beauty and rich culture. 二、选用方框中的短语填空 方框:rise up to send up water mix take a rest is important to 1. Workers from the Root ________________ to the Leaf through the Stem. 2. The water will ________________ the Leaf through the Stem. 3. Workers in the Leaf will ________________ water, CO2 and sunlight. 4. When it gets dark, the workers will ________________. 5. Oxygen ________________ animals and humans because they need it to breathe. (十一)作业布置 【Required】Write a short paragraph about how plants work and how they help people and animals. 写一段话介绍植物如何工作以及它们如何帮助人类和动物。 【Optional】Search for more information about the different uses and importance of plants and share with your classmates. 查阅更多关于植物的不同用途与重要性的资料,并与同学分享。 【提示框】 必做段落直接套流程图:先写阳光二氧化碳进叶片,再写水上升、混合,然后写糖和氧气的用途——结尾加一句植物的其他贡献升华。 语言点归纳 课堂总结 本课为单元阅读课(第一课时):Warm-up 讨论植物能否说话、走路、呼吸(Can plants do these? talk/walk/breathe),给植物能做的事打勾(attack/move/breathe/speak/eat/steal/sleep/think)。Starting out 观察种子破土图(The seed is growing out of the soil. It is tiny but strong, fresh and green, and full of hope.),了解竹子知识(世界上最快的生长植物之一,可用作建筑材料、食物、纸张,为动物提供家园、防止水土流失),看四幅图回答人们的活动(买蔬菜、加工木材、称草药、画树木草地)并归纳植物对人类的用途(食物、医药、建筑材料、绘画灵感)。阅读板块为拟人化科普文:标题中的 plant 一语双关——既指植物(living thing),又指工厂(the place the workers work in),文中光合作用发生地叶绿体被比作工厂车间(workshop 1001),叶绿素被比作工人(Worker No. 55 等):Worker No. 55 七点一刻(quarter past seven)开始工作,根部的工人把水送上(send up water),水经茎上升(rise up to the Leaf)到叶片,叶片工人混合水、二氧化碳与阳光(mix water, CO2 and sunlight),制造出糖和氧气——糖供植物生长,氧对动物和人类极其重要(他们需要它来呼吸);天黑后工人休息(take a rest);植物贡献不止食物与氧气,还承担着维护自然平衡的重要角色(play an important role in preserving the natural world)。流程图填空:Sunlight and CO2 enter the leaf→Water from the root will rise up to the leaf through the stem→Water, CO2 and sunlight will turn into sugar and oxygen→Oxygen is important to humans—they need it to breathe。语言点学习时间表达 to 与 past(past 用于分钟数≤30 表「几点过几分」,half past+整点表几点半;to 用于分钟数>30 表「差几分到几点」,a quarter to eight 差一刻八点)、rise 与 raise 辨析(rise 不及物自然上升 rise-rose-risen;raise 及物须接宾语,抚养、募集、举起 raise-raised-raised)与 though 作副词(句末,「可是,不过,然而」,为前面句子增加对比转折信息)与连词(句首句中引导让步状语从句)的区别。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 5 Starting out & Understanding ideas (Reading) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语外研版七年级上册
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Unit 5 Starting out & Understanding ideas (Reading) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语外研版七年级上册
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Unit 5 Starting out & Understanding ideas (Reading) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语外研版七年级上册
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