7.2 When Disaster Strikes（Reading and Writing）-《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合四川职教命题特色的【四川专用】《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共35练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes（Reading and Writing）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes 一课一练（29） Reading and Writing 【课前预习】 一、重点词汇 1. powerless adj. ________________________ 2. natural adj. ________________________ 3. wonderful adj. ________________________ 4. famous adj. ________________________ 5. productive adj. ________________________ 6. irrigation n. ________________________ 7. system n. ________________________ 8. achieve v. ________________________ 9. agriculture n. ________________________ 10. ancient adj. ________________________ 11. region n. ________________________ 12. flood n./v. ________________________ 13. official n./adj. ________________________ 14. dam n. ________________________ 15. geographical adj. ________________________ 16. feature n. ________________________ 17. environmental adj. ________________________ 18. friendly adj. ________________________ 19. fertile adj. ________________________ 20. prevent v. ________________________ 21. benefit v./n. ________________________ 22. shelter n./v. ________________________ 23. stable adj. ________________________ 24. electricity n. ________________________ 【答案】 1. powerless adj. 无能为力的；无权的 2. natural adj. 自然的 3. wonderful adj极好的；绝妙的 4. famous adj.著名的 5. productive adj多产的；富有成效的 6. irrigation n. 灌溉 7. system n. 系统；体系 8. achieve v. 实现；达成 9. agriculture n.农业 10. ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 11. region n. 地区；区域 12. flood n./v.洪水；泛滥 13. official n./adj. 官员；官方的 14. dam n. 水坝；堤坝 15. geographical adj. 地理的 16. feature n. 特点；特征 17. environmental adj. 环境的 18. friendly adj. 友好的 19. fertile adj. 肥沃的 20. prevent v. 阻止；预防 21. benefit v./n. 有益于；益处 22. shelter n./v. 庇护；避难处 23. stable adj. 稳固的；稳定的 24. electricity n. 电；电力 二、重点短语 1. at the thought of ________________________ 2. work with nature ________________________ 3. the land of plenty ________________________ 4. in ancient times ________________________ 5. local geographical features ________________________ 6. environmentally friendly irrigation system ________________________ 7. keep the region fertile and productive ________________________ 8. prevent natural disasters ________________________ 9. benefit people ________________________ 10. take shelter under stable objects ________________________ 11. get away from built‑up areas ________________________ 12. turn off the gas and electricity ________________________ 13. use the stairs instead of the lift ________________________ 14. stop sandstorms ________________________ 15. in the open air ________________________ 【答案】 1. at the thought of 一想到…… 2. work with nature 顺应自然；与自然协作 3. the land of plenty 天府之国；富饶之地 4. in ancient times 在古代 5. local geographical features 当地的地理特征 6. environmentally friendly irrigation system 环保灌溉系统 7. keep the region fertile and productive 保持这片土地肥沃、物产丰富 8. prevent natural disasters 预防自然灾害 9. benefit people 造福人们；使人们获益 10. take shelter under stable objects 躲在稳固物体下方避险 11. get away from built‑up areas 远离建筑物密集区域 12. turn off the gas and electricity 关闭燃气和电源 13. use the stairs instead of the lift 走楼梯，不要乘坐电梯 14. stop sandstorms 阻挡沙尘暴 15. in the open air 在户外 【课堂检测】 一、阅读理解 Garbage sorting (垃圾分类) is becoming more and more important in our daily lives. In many cities in China, people are asked to sort their trash into different bins. Why should we do this? First, garbage sorting helps protect the environment. Some waste, like plastic and glass, takes a very long time to disappear. If we put them in the right bins, they can be recycled (回收) and used again. Second, it can save space. If we don’t sort the trash, all of it will be put together and buried in the ground. This takes up a lot of land. Finally, some waste is dangerous. For example, old batteries (电池) are harmful to the soil and water. We must put them in the red “Harmful Waste” bin to keep our environment safe. Garbage sorting is not difficult. If everyone does a little, our world will become much cleaner and more beautiful. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to make more money. B．Why we should use more plastic. C．How to use old batteries. D．Why garbage sorting is important. 2．What can be recycled and used again according to the text? A．Food and water. B．Soil and land. C．Plastic and glass. D．Old clothes and shoes. 3．What will happen if we don’t sort the trash? A．It will take up more land. B．The trash will disappear quickly. C．It will save a lot of money. D．The world will become cleaner. 4．Which bin should we put old batteries into? A．The green bin. B．The blue bin. C．The gray bin. D．The red bin. 5．What is the writer’s opinion about garbage sorting? A．It is too difficult for people. B．Everyone should do it to help the world. C．It is a waste of time. D．It is only for people in big cities. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了垃圾分类在日常生活中的重要性，以及它对保护环境、节约土地和处理危险废物的积极意义。 【详解】1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Garbage sorting is becoming more and more important in our daily lives. In many cities in China, people are asked to sort their trash into different bins. Why should we do this? (垃圾分类在我们的日常生活中变得越来越重要。在中国的许多城市，人们被要求将垃圾分装到不同的垃圾桶里。我们为什么要这样做呢？)”可知，本文主要讲的是为什么垃圾分类很重要。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some waste, like plastic and glass, takes a very long time to disappear. If we put them in the right bins, they can be recycled and used again. (一些垃圾，比如塑料和玻璃，需要很长时间才能消失。如果我们把它们放在正确的垃圾桶里，它们可以被回收再利用。)”可知，塑料和玻璃可以被回收再利用。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“If we don’t sort the trash, all of it will be put together and buried in the ground. This takes up a lot of land. (如果我们不分类垃圾，所有垃圾都会被放在一起埋在地下。这会占用大量土地。)”可知，如果不分类垃圾，会占用更多的土地。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“We must put them in the red “Harmful Waste” bin to keep our environment safe. (我们必须把它们放在红色的“有害垃圾”箱里，以保持环境安全。)”可知，旧电池应该放入红色垃圾箱。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Garbage sorting is not difficult. If everyone does a little, our world will become much cleaner and more beautiful. (垃圾分类并不难。如果每个人都做一点，我们的世界将变得更加干净和美丽。)”可知，作者认为每个人都应该参与垃圾分类来帮助世界变得更好。 Urban green spaces, including city parks, street trees and community gardens, play a far more important role than most people realize. Beyond offering places for relaxation and exercise, they effectively improve urban environments and benefit public health. Trees and plants in green spaces absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, reducing air pollution and cooling urban temperatures. In crowded cities covered with concrete and high‑rises, green areas can lower local temperatures by several degrees and ease the “heat island effect” caused by dense buildings. Besides environmental benefits, green spaces greatly improve people’s mental health. Research shows that people living near green areas suffer less from stress, anxiety and depression. Spending time in nature helps reduce tiredness caused by long‑term work and study, and improves people’s concentration and efficiency. Unfortunately, with rapid urban expansion, many cities are losing green land to build more apartments and shopping malls. Some communities even cut down old trees to make space for parking lots. To change this situation, city planners should set strict rules to protect existing green areas and create more small gardens in residential areas. Citizens can also contribute by growing plants on balconies and taking part in tree‑planting activities. 6．What is the main function of urban green spaces? A．Only providing entertainment for citizens. B．Improving environment and public health. C．Increasing land for building apartments. D．Reducing the number of high‑rises. 7．What is the “heat island effect”? A．High temperature caused by dense city buildings. B．Hot weather brought by climate change. C．Pollution produced by crowded green spaces. D．Warm air released by street trees. 8．How do green spaces influence people’s mental health? A．They make people feel more anxious. B．They help relieve stress and improve focus. C．They reduce people’s exercise time. D．They cause tiredness after long stay. 9．What problem do many cities face now? A．Too many green areas take up land. B．Old trees grow too fast in cities. C．Green spaces are being reduced. D．Parking lots are not enough. 10．What suggestion does the author give? A．Cut down trees for more buildings. B．Encourage citizens to grow plants at home. C．Stop all urban development. D．Build more shopping malls in green areas. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文阐述了城市绿地的重要功能，包括改善环境与促进公众健康，指出绿地减少的现状，并提出保护与建设建议。 【详解】6．细节理解题。根据第一段中“they effectively improve urban environments and benefit public health. (它们有效改善了城市环境，有利于公众健康。)”可知，绿地主要功能是改善环境和公众健康。 7．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“caused by dense buildings (由密集的建筑物引起)”及上下文降温语境可知，指密集建筑导致的高温效应。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段中“suffer less from stress ... improves people’s concentration (减少压力……提高人们的注意力)”可知，绿地能缓解压力并提高专注力。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段中“many cities are losing green land (许多城市正在失去绿地)”可知，许多城市正面临绿地减少的问题。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Citizens can also contribute by growing plants on balconies (市民也可以在阳台上种植植物)”可知，作者建议市民在家种植植物。 二、书面表达 11．假设你是李华，你的笔友 Peter 来信询问你所在城市应对台风的安全措施。请你根据以下提示给 Peter 回一封电子邮件。 提示： 1.台风前：准备水、食物、蜡烛；检查门窗，关好窗户；将户外物品移到室内； 2.台风时：待在室内，不外出；远离窗户；不使用电器； 3.台风后：待确认安全后再外出；清理家中积水；注意掉落的电线和树木。 要求： 1.词数 60 — 80 左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3.包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥。 【详解】本次书面表达要求以电子邮件形式回复笔友，核心需涵盖“台风前、台风时、台风后”的安全措施，紧扣“灾害应对”的单元主题。写作时需注意电子邮件格式（开头问候、结尾祝福），用“Before/During/After a typhoon”梳理逻辑，确保语法正确、语句简洁，符合词数要求。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Dear Peter, I’m glad to get your email. You asked about the safety measures for typhoons in my city. Let me tell you. Before a typhoon, we prepare water, food and candles. We check doors and windows and close windows tightly. We also move outdoor things inside. During a typhoon, we stay indoors and don’t go out. We keep away from windows and don’t use electrical appliances. After a typhoon, we go out only when it’s safe. We clean water in our houses and watch out for fallen power lines and trees. What about typhoon safety in your country? Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。李华需要回复笔友Peter关于台风安全措施的询问，按照“台风前、台风时、台风后”的时间顺序，清晰介绍所在城市的应对方法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 准备：prepare → get ready for 检查：check → examine 远离：keep away from → stay away from 清理：clean → clear up 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Before a typhoon, we prepare water, food and candles. 拓展句：Before a typhoon comes, we prepare water, food and candles. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 During a typhoon, we stay indoors and don’t go out. (运用了and连接两个并列句) 【高分句型2】 After a typhoon, we go out only when it’s safe. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：基于中职学生英语知识不牢固、学习内驱力不够的学情特点，为了更好地提高学生的学习效率，辅助教师们抓好课前、课中、课后三个教学环节，本专辑深度解读最新的《中等职业学校英语课程标准》，匠心打造了契合四川职教命题特色的【四川专用】《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）《一课一练》专辑，专辑共35练。 本卷为《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版）Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes（Reading and Writing）的课前预习和课堂检测。 《英语 基础模块1》（外研版第二版） Unit 7 When Disaster Strikes 一课一练（29） Reading and Writing 【课前预习】 一、重点词汇 1. powerless adj. ________________________ 2. natural adj. ________________________ 3. wonderful adj. ________________________ 4. famous adj. ________________________ 5. productive adj. ________________________ 6. irrigation n. ________________________ 7. system n. ________________________ 8. achieve v. ________________________ 9. agriculture n. ________________________ 10. ancient adj. ________________________ 11. region n. ________________________ 12. flood n./v. ________________________ 13. official n./adj. ________________________ 14. dam n. ________________________ 15. geographical adj. ________________________ 16. feature n. ________________________ 17. environmental adj. ________________________ 18. friendly adj. ________________________ 19. fertile adj. ________________________ 20. prevent v. ________________________ 21. benefit v./n. ________________________ 22. shelter n./v. ________________________ 23. stable adj. ________________________ 24. electricity n. ________________________ 二、重点短语 1. at the thought of ________________________ 2. work with nature ________________________ 3. the land of plenty ________________________ 4. in ancient times ________________________ 5. local geographical features ________________________ 6. environmentally friendly irrigation system ________________________ 7. keep the region fertile and productive ________________________ 8. prevent natural disasters ________________________ 9. benefit people ________________________ 10. take shelter under stable objects ________________________ 11. get away from built‑up areas ________________________ 12. turn off the gas and electricity ________________________ 13. use the stairs instead of the lift ________________________ 14. stop sandstorms ________________________ 15. in the open air ________________________ 【课堂检测】 一、阅读理解 Garbage sorting (垃圾分类) is becoming more and more important in our daily lives. In many cities in China, people are asked to sort their trash into different bins. Why should we do this? First, garbage sorting helps protect the environment. Some waste, like plastic and glass, takes a very long time to disappear. If we put them in the right bins, they can be recycled (回收) and used again. Second, it can save space. If we don’t sort the trash, all of it will be put together and buried in the ground. This takes up a lot of land. Finally, some waste is dangerous. For example, old batteries (电池) are harmful to the soil and water. We must put them in the red “Harmful Waste” bin to keep our environment safe. Garbage sorting is not difficult. If everyone does a little, our world will become much cleaner and more beautiful. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to make more money. B．Why we should use more plastic. C．How to use old batteries. D．Why garbage sorting is important. 2．What can be recycled and used again according to the text? A．Food and water. B．Soil and land. C．Plastic and glass. D．Old clothes and shoes. 3．What will happen if we don’t sort the trash? A．It will take up more land. B．The trash will disappear quickly. C．It will save a lot of money. D．The world will become cleaner. 4．Which bin should we put old batteries into? A．The green bin. B．The blue bin. C．The gray bin. D．The red bin. 5．What is the writer’s opinion about garbage sorting? A．It is too difficult for people. B．Everyone should do it to help the world. C．It is a waste of time. D．It is only for people in big cities. Urban green spaces, including city parks, street trees and community gardens, play a far more important role than most people realize. Beyond offering places for relaxation and exercise, they effectively improve urban environments and benefit public health. Trees and plants in green spaces absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, reducing air pollution and cooling urban temperatures. In crowded cities covered with concrete and high‑rises, green areas can lower local temperatures by several degrees and ease the “heat island effect” caused by dense buildings. Besides environmental benefits, green spaces greatly improve people’s mental health. Research shows that people living near green areas suffer less from stress, anxiety and depression. Spending time in nature helps reduce tiredness caused by long‑term work and study, and improves people’s concentration and efficiency. Unfortunately, with rapid urban expansion, many cities are losing green land to build more apartments and shopping malls. Some communities even cut down old trees to make space for parking lots. To change this situation, city planners should set strict rules to protect existing green areas and create more small gardens in residential areas. Citizens can also contribute by growing plants on balconies and taking part in tree‑planting activities. 6．What is the main function of urban green spaces? A．Only providing entertainment for citizens. B．Improving environment and public health. C．Increasing land for building apartments. D．Reducing the number of high‑rises. 7．What is the “heat island effect”? A．High temperature caused by dense city buildings. B．Hot weather brought by climate change. C．Pollution produced by crowded green spaces. D．Warm air released by street trees. 8．How do green spaces influence people’s mental health? A．They make people feel more anxious. B．They help relieve stress and improve focus. C．They reduce people’s exercise time. D．They cause tiredness after long stay. 9．What problem do many cities face now? A．Too many green areas take up land. B．Old trees grow too fast in cities. C．Green spaces are being reduced. D．Parking lots are not enough. 10．What suggestion does the author give? A．Cut down trees for more buildings. B．Encourage citizens to grow plants at home. C．Stop all urban development. D．Build more shopping malls in green areas. 二、书面表达 11．假设你是李华，你的笔友 Peter 来信询问你所在城市应对台风的安全措施。请你根据以下提示给 Peter 回一封电子邮件。 提示： 1.台风前：准备水、食物、蜡烛；检查门窗，关好窗户；将户外物品移到室内； 2.台风时：待在室内，不外出；远离窗户；不使用电器； 3.台风后：待确认安全后再外出；清理家中积水；注意掉落的电线和树木。 要求： 1.词数 60 — 80 左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3.包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥。 【详解】本次书面表达要求以电子邮件形式回复笔友，核心需涵盖“台风前、台风时、台风后”的安全措施，紧扣“灾害应对”的单元主题。写作时需注意电子邮件格式（开头问候、结尾祝福），用“Before/During/After a typhoon”梳理逻辑，确保语法正确、语句简洁，符合词数要求。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $