Unit 4 单元词汇讲解 【精品课】 2026-2027学年八年级英语上册同步精品课件（新教材人教版）

单元词汇讲解 Unit4 Amazing Plants and Animals moss /mɒs/ n.苔藓 苔藓地衣 moss carpet 1.看这些苔藓，看起来很绿. Look at the moss. It looks very green. I think moss is one of the oldest plants. 2.我认为苔藓是最古老的植物之一. redwood /ˈredwʊd/ n.红杉; 红木 红杉林 redwood forests 1.世界上最高的树是哪种？是红杉树，对吗？ Which kind of tree is the tallest in the world? The redwood tree, right? Redwood trees are very tall and can live for a long time. 2.红杉树非常高，而且能存活很长时间. 红杉树 redwood trees cheetah /ˈtʃiːtə/ n.猎豹 1.猎豹跑得最快. The cheetah runs the fastest. A cheetah can catch its prey quickly because it runs so fast. 2.猎豹能很快抓住猎物，因为它跑得太快了. folding /ˈfəʊldɪŋ/ adj.折叠式的;可折叠的 折叠椅 folding chair 1.这是一把折扇，我去年买的. It's a folding fan. I bought it last year. This folding table is easy to carry when we go camping. 2.我们去露营时，这张折叠桌很容易携带. 折扇 folding fan 折叠自行车 folding bike fold v.折叠 You should fold the quilt every day. 你应该每天折叠被子. bamboo /ˌbæmˈbuː/ n.竹;竹子 1.熊猫非常喜欢吃竹叶. Pandas like to eat bamboo leaves very much. Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. 2.实际上我们也吃竹笋. 注意:用作可数名词时,复数行为bamboos. popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj.广受欢迎的；流行的 变得流行 get popular 1.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一. Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. This singer is very popular among young people. 2.这位歌手在年轻人中很受欢迎. 受……欢迎/喜爱 be popular with This book is getting popular now. 3.这本书现在越来越流行了. Pop music is popular with young people. 4.流行音乐受到年轻人的欢迎. popular adj.流行的;受欢迎的 拓展: popularly adv.流行地 popularity n.流行;普及 流行歌手 pop singer 流行音乐 pop music popular作定语时,在口语中常简略为pop 1.智能手机在日常生活中被广泛使用. Smartphones are _____________ used in daily life. Her _______________ at school comes from her kind personality. 2.她在学校的受欢迎程度源于她善良的性格. popularly popularity goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ n.美德;营养 It's a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture. 1.它在中国文化中是美德的象征. ①美德 美德的象征 a symbol of goodness 心地善良 goodness of heart Helping the poor shows the goodness of a person. 2.帮助穷人体现一个人的美德. goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ n.美德;营养 Eating fruits and vegetables can give you the goodness your body needs. 吃水果和蔬菜能给你的身体所需的营养. ②营养 拓展: goodness可单独使用,表示惊讶;赞叹等情绪. 1.谢天谢地!(用于表达庆幸,宽慰的心情) Thank goodness! Goodness! What a big fish! 2.啊!好大的一条鱼啊! Thank goodness, we arrived on time. 3.谢天谢地,我们按时到了.  tool /tuːl/ n.工具;手段 Bamboo can be used to make tools. 1.竹子可以用来制作工具. 用于……的工具 a tool for... This tool is very useful for repairing the bike. 2.这个工具对修理自行车很有用. actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv.实际上；居然 Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really delicious. 1.实际上我们也吃竹笋。它们真的很美味. 可放于句首作状语. Actually, she is a very kind girl. 2.实际上，她是个非常善良的女孩. shoot /ʃuːt/ n.幼苗;嫩芽; v.(shot/ʃɒt/) 开(枪);射击 The shoots of the vegetables are pushing through the soil. 1.蔬菜的幼苗正在破土而出. 竹笋 bamboo shoots These little shoots will grow into strong plants soon. 2.这些小嫩芽很快就会长成茁壮的植株. ①n.幼苗;嫩芽 shoot /ʃuːt/ n.幼苗;嫩芽; v.(shot/ʃɒt/) 开(枪);射击 The hunter shot at the deer. 1.猎人向鹿射击. 朝...射击(不强调是否射中,而强调射击的动作) shoot at... Tom shot at a balloon, but he didn’t shoot. 2.汤姆朝一只气球射击,但没有射中. ②v.开(枪);射击(强调结果) 注意:过去式为shot appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v.出现;呈现 Bamboo shoots appear in spring. 1.竹笋在春天出现. A rainbow appeared in the sky after the rain. 2.雨后天空中出现了一道彩虹. ①v.出现;呈现 He appears to be happy. 1.他似乎很高兴. It appears a true story. 2.它似乎是一个真实的故事. ②系动词.看来好像;显得;似乎(后常接n./adj.) appear v.出现；呈现 拓展: disappear v.消失 appearance n.出现 1.魔术师挥动魔杖，兔子从帽子里消失了. The magician waved his wand, and the rabbit ______________ from the hat. Her sudden ______________ at the party surprised everyone. 2.她在派对上的突然出现让所有人都感到惊讶. disappeared appearance  feel free (to do sth) 可以随便做某事 Please feel free to ask me any questions you have. 1.请随便问我任何你有的问题. You can feel free to share your ideas in the class. 2.你可以在课堂上随便分享你的想法. land /lænd/ n.陆地;土地; v.降落;着陆 The biggest land animal in the world is the African elephant. 1.世界上最大的陆地动物是非洲象. 经陆路 by land When did you come to land? 2.你什么时候抵达陆地的? ①un.陆地(与sea相对) 在陆地上 on land land /lænd/ n.陆地;土地; v.降落;着陆 He works on the land for 50 years. 他从事耕作50年了. ②un.(耕作的)土地 The plane landed safely. 飞机安全着陆了. ③vi.降落;着陆(翻译短语为take off:起飞) African /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj.非洲的; 非洲人的; n.非洲人 These peop like African food. 这些人喜欢非洲食物. ①adj.非洲的;非洲人的 Those Africans will come to china next week. 那些非洲人下周会来中国. ②cn.非洲人(复数:Africans) 非洲国家 African countries Africa n.非洲 He comes from Africa. 他来自非洲. rose /rəʊz/ n.玫瑰;蔷薇 She received a red rose yesterday. 昨天她收到了一支红玫瑰. 一束玫瑰 a bunch of roses peony /ˈpiːəni/ n.牡丹；芍药 The peony is a symbol of wealth and prosperity in Chinese culture. 在中国文化中，牡丹是富贵的象征. 牡丹花 peony flower lotus /ˈləʊtəs/ n.莲花 Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony, or the lotus flower? 1.你认为玫瑰、牡丹和莲花，哪个最漂亮? 荷叶 lotus leaf The lotus grows in the pond. 2.莲花生长在池塘里. butterfly /ˈbʌtəflaɪ/ n.蝴蝶 复数形式为butterflies. Look at that butterfly! It has the most colourful wings 看那只蝴蝶！它有最鲜艳的翅膀. wing /wɪŋ/ n.翅膀;翼 Look at that butterfly! It has the most colourful wings. 1.看那只蝴蝶！它有最鲜艳的翅膀. 展开翅膀；大展宏图 spread one's wings The bird's wings are very strong. 2.这只鸟的翅膀很强壮. frog /frɒɡ/ n.蛙;青蛙 A frog is sitting by the pond. 1.一只青蛙正坐在池塘边. 一只绿色的青蛙 a green frog We should learn more to avoid being the frog in the well. 2.我们应该多学习,以免成为井底之蛙. weigh /weɪ/ v.有…重;称重量 Some elephant birds could weigh up to 860 kg. 1.一些象鸟可以重达860千克. ...有多重? How much do/does...weigh? How much does it weigh? 2.他的重量是多少? ①v.有...重 =How heavy...? It weighs 60 kilos. 3.它体重60千克. weigh /weɪ/ v.有…重;称重量 Can you weigh this bag of rice? 1.你能称一下这袋大米的重量吗? 称...的重量 weigh sth He weighed that fish. 2.他称了那条鱼. ②vt.称重量 weigh v.称重量;有...重 拓展: weight un.重量;分量 这头羊的重量是多少? What’s the weight of the sheep? =How much does the shee weigh? =How heavy is the sheep? 减肥 lose weight 增加体重 put on weight ...的重量 the weight of kg (= kilogram) /ˈkɪləɡræm/ n.千克;公斤 This watermelon weighs about 5 kg. 这个西瓜重约5公斤 几公斤... a few kg of... ginkgo /ˈɡɪŋkəʊ/ n.银杏 The ginkgo tree is one of the most ancient living trees on earth. 银杏树是地球上最古老的现存树木之一. 银杏树 ginkgo tree province /ˈprɒvɪns/ n.省份 Sichuan Province is famous for pandas. 四川省因熊猫而闻名. 在一个省份 in a province take a walk 散步 When autumn comes, one of the most popular activities is to take a walk under ginkgo trees. 1.当秋天来临时，最受欢迎的活动之一就是在银杏树下散步. 散步 take a walk have a walk go for a walk Let's take a walk in the park after dinner. 1.晚饭后我们去公园散步吧. connect /kəˈnekt/ v.关联; 连接 把...和...链接/联系起来 connect...with/to... 1.我们应该把理论(theory)和实践联系起来. We should connect theory with practice. As an international language, English connects you with others in the world. 2.作为一门国际语言,英语连接着你和世界上其他人. connect v.关联;连接 拓展: connected adj.连接的;相关的 connection n.连接;联系;关系 1.此刻你意识到人类、植物和动物都是相互关联的. At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all ___________. Food is closely _____________ with its local culture. 2.食物和当地的文化密切相关. connected connected /kəˈnektɪd/ 与...相连;与...有关联 be connected with/to... There’s a _______________ between pollution and the death of trees. 3.污染和树木的死亡有密切关系. connection without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep.没有;缺乏 We can’t live without bees. 1.没有蜜蜂我们无法生存. 其后跟名词,人称代词宾格或动词-ing形式,用来表示伴随或假设的情况.其反义词为with “具有;带有”. 没有做某事 without doing sth He left without saying goodbye. 2.他没说再见就离开了. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v.想象;猜想 Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. 1.想象一下你去你所在地区的超市，但几乎没有水果、蔬菜、蜂蜜、牛奶、鸡蛋或巧克力. 其后跟名词,代词或动词-ing形式或从句作宾语. 想象(某人)做某事 imagine (sb) doing sth Can you imagine living on the moon? 2.你能想象住在月球上吗？ 想象... imagine that... imagine v.想象;猜想 拓展: imagination n.想象力 My little sister has a vivid _____________ and often creates amazing stories in her mind. 1.我的妹妹有丰富的想象力，她经常在脑海中编造出精彩的故事. imagination I can’t __________ what our life will be like in 2050. 3.我无法想象2050年我们的生活会是什么样的. imagine honey /ˈhʌni/ n.蜂蜜; (爱称)亲爱的 一罐蜂蜜 a jar of honey 1.我给奶奶买了一瓶蜂蜜. I bought a bottle of honey for my grandma. Honey, come here and help me with the housework. 2.亲爱的,过来帮我做家务. disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj.失望的；沮丧的 How would you feel? Disappointed? Angry? Sad? 1.你会有什么感觉？失望？生气？难过？ 常用来说明人的一种感受,多在句中作表语. 对...感到失望 be disappointed with/in... She was disappointed with her exam results. 2.她对自己的考试成绩很失望. disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的 拓展: disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappoint v.(使)失望 We are all _______________ because the news is too _______________. 1.我们都很失望,因为这个消息太令人失望了. disappointed The result _______________ him. 2.结果使他失望. disappointed 通常用来说明事物所具有的特征,可作表语或定语. 常用来说明人的一种感受,多在句中作表语. disappointing connection /kəˈnekʃn/ n.联系;连接 We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. 1.我们彼此需要才能生存，而蜜蜂就是这种联系的最佳例子之一. 与……有联系 have a connection with… There is a close connection between diet and health. 2.饮食和健康之间有密切联系. 与……有关 in connection with... pollination /ˌpɒləˈneɪʃn/ n.授粉 Bees are very hard - working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. 1.蜜蜂是非常勤劳的动物，它们最大的工作是授粉. 植物授粉 plant pollination Pollination is very important for the reproduction of plants. 2.授粉对植物的繁殖(reproduction)非常重要. pollinate v. 授粉 Bees pollinate flowers as they collect nectar. 蜜蜂在采集花蜜(nectar)时为花朵授粉. pollen /ˈpɒlən/ n.花粉 Bees help transfer pollen from one flower to another. 蜜蜂帮助把花粉从一朵花传到另一朵花. 花粉粒 pollen grain 花粉管 pollen tube action /ˈækʃn/ n.行动;行为 This action helps plants grow. 1.这种行为有助于植物生长. 采取行动(做某事) take action (to do sth) We should take action to protect the environment. 2.我们应该采取行动保护环境. 行动计划 action plan act v. 行动 You should act right now. 你应该立刻行动. in fact 实际上;确切地说 He doesn't look well. In fact, he has a bad cold. 1.他看起来气色不好.实际上,他得了重感冒. 常单独使用起强调、补充说明作用(常位于句首作状语) In fact, he is talented in music. 2.事实上,他有音乐天赋. fact n.现实;事实 Few people know the fact. 知道这个事实的人不多. per cent =percent /pəˈsent/ n.百分之... ; adj.&adv.每一百中 Seventy per cent of the apples are red. 1.百分之七十的苹果是红色的. ①n.百分之... 百分之... 基数词+per cent+of+名词/代词 Twenty per cent of the water is covered with ice. 2.百分之二十是水被冰覆盖. ②adj./adv.每一百中 a 15 per cent discount 15%的折扣 Sales are up 5 per cent. 销售额上升了5%. for this reason 出于这个原因 For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. 1.出于这个原因，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物. 常位于句首,一般用逗号与后面的部分隔开. He didn't study hard. For this reason, he failed the exam. 2.他学习不努力.出于这个原因,他考试不及格. planet /ˈplænɪt/ n.行星 在这个星球上 on this planet Scientists are constantly exploring other planets in the universe. 科学家们一直在探索宇宙中的其他行星. 地球 planet earth in order to 为了;以便 In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 1.为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢. 表示目的,相当于so as to. 后接动词原形,可放于句首/句中.(so as to只能放于句中) He gets up early in order to catch the first bus. 2.他早起是为了赶上第一班公共汽车. 为了做某事 in order to do sth 为了不做某事 in order not to do sth store /stɔː(r)/ v.贮存;存储 n.百货商店; 商店 贮存/存储某物 store sth She likes to store her old books in the attic. 1.她喜欢把她的旧书存放在阁楼里. 储存；把……收起来 store away ①v.贮存；存储 Some animals store a lot of food for the winter. 2.一些动物储存大量过冬的食物. store /stɔː(r)/ v.贮存;存储 n.百货商店; 商店 百货商店 department store There is a big store near our school. 1.我们学校附近有一家大商店. ②n.百货商店;商店 I bought two pens at that store. 2.我在那家商店买了两支钢笔. honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/ n.蜂巢 In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 1.为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢. The bees built a perfect honeycomb in the tree. 2.蜜蜂在树上建造了一个完美的蜂巢. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流;沟通 和某人交流/沟通 communicate with sb Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. 1.关于蜜蜂,另一件有趣的事情是它们如何交流. ①交流;沟通 We should communicate with our parents more often. 2.我们应该更经常地和父母交流. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流;沟通 He communicates his ideas very clearly. 他非常清楚地传达了他的想法. ②传达;传递(意见;感情;消息等) communicate v.交流;沟通;传达;传递 拓展: communication n.交流;沟通 You need to have a communication with your parents. You need to talk with your parents. You need to communicate with your parents. 你需要和你的父母交谈一下. have/hold a communication with... 和...沟通/交流(相当于have a talk with...或talk with...) have/hold communications with... play a part (in sth) 参与某事 =take part in... Mr Black didn’t play a part in making the decision. =Mr Black didn’t take part in making the decision. 布莱克先生并没有参与做此决定. ①参与(其后可加名词/代词/v-ing形式) =play a role in... Education can play a part in it. =Education can play a role in it. 教育可以在其中起到作用. ②在...中发挥作用(其后可加名词/代词/v-ing形式) ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n.生态系统 生态系统平衡 ecosystem balance Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 1.蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中起着重要作用. 自然生态系统 natural ecosystem The rainforest is a complex ecosystem. 2.热带雨林是一个复杂的生态系统. protect /prəˈtekt/ v.保护;防护 保护...免受... protect sb./sth. from/against sth. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 1.想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一. We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun. 2.我们戴太阳镜来保护眼睛免受阳光伤害. protect v.保护;防护 拓展: protection n.保护;保卫 在...的保护下 under the protection of... 环境保护 environmental protection The young plants grow well under the ______________ of the greenhouse. 1.幼苗在温室的保护下生长得很好. The hat can give ______________ against the sun. 2.这顶帽子可以遮阳. protection protection importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n.重要性 …的重要性 the importance of... We should realize the importance of saving water. 我们应该意识到节约用水的重要性. important adj.重要的 Health is very important to us. 健康对我们很重要. title /ˈtaɪtl/ n.标题;题目;名称 Look at the title and the pictures below. 1.看下面的标题和图片. The title of this book is very interesting. 2.这本书的标题很有趣. human n.人; adj.人(类)的 =human being Human beings should protect the environment. 人类应该保护环境. ①cn;人;人类 There are many different cell types in the human body. 人体中有许多不同的细胞类型. ②adj.人的;人类的 /ˈhjuːmən/ ant /ænt/ n.蚂蚁 一只蚂蚁 an ant There is an ant on the ground. 地上有一只蚂蚁. be home to sb / sth 有……栖息；是……的家乡 This forest is home to many wild animals. 1.这片森林是许多野生动物的栖息地. This small town is home to my grandparents 2.这个小镇是我祖父母的家乡. happiness un.幸福；快乐 the key to happiness His family is the source of his happiness. 1.他的家庭是他幸福的源泉. /ˈhæpinəs/ 幸福的关键 share happiness 分享快乐 I want to share my happiness with you. 2.我想和你分享我的幸福. 拓展: 英语中,有些adj后加后缀-ness可变成名词,表示性质,状态. good adj. goodness n.美德 ill adj. illness n.疾病 sad adj. sadness n.悲伤 disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v.使失望; 使破灭 He didn't want to disappoint his parents, so he studied hard. 他不想让父母失望，所以努力学习. 使...失望 disappoint sb mushroom /ˈmʌʃrʊm/ n.蘑菇;伞菌 She found a big mushroom in the forest. 她在森林里发现了一个大蘑菇. 蘑菇汤 mushroom soup 野生蘑菇 wild mushroom role /rəʊl/ n.作用;职能;角色 play a role (in) Schools play an important role in education. 学校在教育中起着重要作用. ①(在…中)发挥作用;(在...中)有影响 相当于play a part (in) She will play an important role in the movie. 她将在这部电影中扮演一个重要角色. ②扮演角色 pea /piː/ n.豌豆 I bought some fresh peas at the market. 我在市场上买了一些新鲜的豌豆. 豌豆汤 pea soup 青豌豆 green pea climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n.气候 Because of this, they are popular subjects in studies on climate change and the ecosystem. 1.正因为如此，它们是关于气候变化和生态系统研究中的热门研究对象. 气候变化 climate change 关于气候变化的研究 studies on climate change We should take action to deal with climate change. 2.我们应该采取行动应对气候变化. ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n.大海;海洋 Many kinds of fish live in the ocean. 许多种鱼生活在海洋里. 在海洋里 in the ocean 海洋生态系统 ocean ecosystem except /ɪkˈsept/ prep.除……之外;除了 Everyone is here except Tom. 1.除了汤姆，所有人都在这儿. 除了... except +sth/that从句 除了…之外，侧重于对整体的细节修正 except for... The composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes. =The composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes. 2.这篇文章非常好,除了有一些拼写错误. 辨析: except, except for, but 和besides except 除...之外(没有...) except for 除...之外 but 除...之外 besides 除...之外(还有...) 着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物,表示一种排除关系,有 “减法”之意. 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定,起部分修正作用. 和except的用法基本相同,但着重强调整句的内容,习惯上用于no, nothing, anything等词之后. 指在整体中加入一部分,表示一种 “累加”关系,有 “加上”之意. We are all here ___________ Tom. 1.除Tom之外,我们都在这里了. He is a good man _______________ his bad temper. 2.除了脾气有点差之外,他是一个好人. except/but She could do nothing ___________ cry. 3.她除了哭什么都做不了. _____________ milk, we need vegetables. 4.除了牛奶,我们还需要蔬菜. except for but Besides tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj.极小的;微小的 They eat a lot, but they eat some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. 1.它们吃得很多，但它们吃的是海洋里一些最微小的动物. 微小的动物 tiny animals 一所极小的房子 a tiny house There is a tiny bird in the tree. 2.树上有一只极小的鸟. live up to 达到;符合 Blue whales should live up to the importance in the ecosystem. 1.蓝鲸应当符合其在生态系统中的重要性. He tries his best to live up to his parents' hopes. 2.他尽力达到父母的期望. His grandmother lived up to 90 years. 3.他的祖母活到了90岁. lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj.精力充沛的;生机勃勃的 This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. 1.这些食物能维持一年以上，并且有助于营造一个生机勃勃且健康的生态系统. 一个生机勃勃的生态系统 a lively ecosystem We had a lively party last night. 2.昨晚我们举办了一场热闹(生机勃勃氛围下的)的派对. 精力充沛的孩子 lively children 辨析: lively, alive, live和living lively alive live/laɪv/ living “生气勃勃的;(色彩鲜艳的)”,修饰人或物,常作定语或表语. “活着的”,修饰人或物,常作表语或补语. “活的”修饰人或物,一般作前置定语. “活着的”修饰人或物,常作定语. She is a ________ girl. 1.她是一个充满活力的女孩. The color of the works is ________. 2.这些作品的色彩很鲜艳. This is a ______________ fish. This fish is ___________. 3.这是一条活鱼. lively lively live/living alive $