Unit 1 A world of cultures 学案 2026-2027学年译林版英语九年级下册

2026-2027学年度九年级英语（译林版）下册学案 Unit 1 A world of cultures 一、单元导航 项目 内容 话题 世界各国文化、文化差异、国际贸易、人口与文明、节日与礼仪 功能 谈论文化现象、表达与询问观点、提出建议、介绍一个国家的文化 语法 名词性从句：that / wh- / whether 引导的主语、宾语、表语从句；it 作形式主语与形式宾语 写作 Project 1: 制作一张关于某个国家文化的海报（poster） 二、核心词汇（词性转换表） 单词 释义 拓展 movement n. 运动；移动 move v. 移动；感动 uneasy adj. 担心的；忧虑的 easy adj. 安心的（反义） direct adj. 直爽的 adv. 直接地 directly adv.；direction n. 方向 strongly adv. 坚决地；强烈地 strong adj.；strength n. 力量 open-minded adj. 思想开明的 mind n. 思想 v. 介意 nation n. 国家；民族 national adj.；international adj. 国际的 civilization n. 文明 civilize v.；civilized adj. 文明的 trade v./n. 贸易 trader n. 商人；trading n. 贸易 population n. 人口（数量） populate v. 居住于 location n. 位置；地点 locate v. 位于；定位 official adj. 官方的 officially adv.；office n. 办公室 serve v. 端上；服务 service n.；servant n. 仆人 spicy adj. 辛辣的 spice n. 香料 culture n. 文化 cultural adj. 文化的 custom n. 习俗；风俗 customer n. 顾客；customs n. 海关 greeting n. 问候；招呼 greet v. 问候 tourist n. 游客 tour n./v. 旅行；tourism n. 旅游业 abroad adv. 在国外 go abroad 出国 三、必背短语 序号 英文 中文 1 come out of one's shell 放大胆子，不再缩手缩脚 2 stop by 顺路造访 3 take up 占据；开始从事 4 take away 买外卖带走；拿走 5 cultural differences 文化差异 6 international trade 国际贸易 7 official language 官方语言 8 population growth 人口增长 9 be located in 位于……之内 10 be proud of 为……感到自豪 11 a quarter of 四分之一的 12 direct flight 直飞航班 13 ancient civilization 古代文明 14 spicy food 辛辣食物 15 trade with... 与……进行贸易 16 shake hands 握手 17 be supposed to do 应该做某事 18 table manners 餐桌礼仪 19 close to 靠近；接近 20 at the moment 此刻；目前 四、核心句型 ◆ It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do sth. It is important for us to learn about different cultures when travelling abroad. It is kind of you to help me carry the luggage. ◆ It takes sb. some time to do sth. It takes the tourists about three hours to walk around the Forbidden City. ◆ It is said / reported that... It is said that the Spring Festival has been added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List. ◆ wonder if / whether... I wonder if / whether there are any Chinese restaurants nearby. ◆ suggest (that) sb. (should) do sth. The local guide suggested (that) we (should) try the spicy Sichuan food. ◆ What/How about doing...? How about trying on the traditional Chinese silk jacket? 五、语法精讲：名词性从句与 it 用法 ▶ that 引导的名词性从句 that 在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，口语中宾语从句可省略；主语从句、表语从句不省略。 例：It is true (that) the city has a long history of international trade.（主语从句，it 作形式主语） My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.（表语从句） We found (that) the local people were very friendly.（宾语从句） ▶ wh-引导的名词性从句 what / who / which / when / where / why / how 在从句中充当成分，不能省略。 例：Do you know where the national museum is? That is why the Spring Festival is celebrated around the world now. What interested me most was not only the food, but also the people. ▶ whether / if 引导的名词性从句 whether 后可接 or not，可放在句首或介词后；if 不能。 例：I wonder whether / if you could tell me the way to the museum. I don't know whether he will come or not.（or not 前只能用 whether） ▶ it 作形式主语 / 形式宾语 为避免主语从句过长，用 it 作形式主语；find / think / make 后常用 it 作形式宾语。 例：It is necessary for us to understand cultural differences before going abroad. We found it hard to communicate with the local villagers at first. The poster makes it easy for foreign friends to learn about Chinese culture. 六、重难点突破 ◆ population 集合名词，作主语时谓语常用单数；被分数、百分数修饰时，谓语单复数取决于其后名词。 提问“人口多少”用 what，不用 how many。 例：The population of that city is about 2 million. About 70 percent of the population here are farmers. What is the population of China? ◆ be located in / on / to in 位于内部；on 接壤；to 不接壤。 例：Jiangsu is located in the east of China. North Korea lies on the northeast of China. Japan is to the east of China. ◆ custom / customer / customs custom 习俗；customer 顾客；customs 海关。三词形近义异，中考高频易混点。 例：Shaking hands is a common custom in many countries. The shop assistant was friendly to every customer. You need to declare these gifts at the customs. 单元训练 一、词汇运用（用括号内单词的适当形式填空） 1. Different countries have different ______ (culture) backgrounds, so we should learn to understand them. 2. The guide spoke ______ (direct) to the visitors about the history of the temple. 3. It is ______ (polite) to stare at foreigners in public places; it may make them feel uneasy. 4. About three ______ (quarter) of the students in our class have been to the museum. 5. The local people always give visitors a warm ______ (greet). 6. With the development of ______ (international) trade, more foreign products appear in our shops. 7. We should be ______ (open) enough to accept new ideas from different cultures. 8. The Forbidden City is one of the most famous ______ (tour) attractions in Beijing. 二、完形填空 根据短文内容，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last month, 19-year-old Quentin from New Zealand came to Beijing as an exchange student. Before he came, he knew little about China. He worried that he might have __1__ language problems and feel lonely. However, his first day at school changed everything. His classmates gave him a warm welcome. A girl named Li Jing even __2__ him to visit her home during the Mid-Autumn Festival. That night, Quentin sat with Li Jing's family in the yard, eating mooncakes and __3__ at the bright full moon. Li Jing told him the story of Chang'e, the goddess who flew to the moon. Quentin was deeply __4__. He said the moon in Beijing looked bigger and warmer than the one at home. During his stay, Quentin tried many things he had never done before. He learned to use chopsticks. He visited the Palace Museum and was amazed by the ancient __5__. He even learned a little Chinese kung fu from his PE teacher. Most importantly, he began to __6__ Chinese food. At first, the spicy Sichuan food made him cry, but soon he __7__ it. When it was time to go back to New Zealand, Quentin said with tears in his eyes, 'I used to think that Chinese culture was far away from me. Now I __8__ that it is full of warmth and beauty. I will never forget the days I spent here.' He also promised to come back and bring his parents to __9__ Chinese culture with their own eyes. Quentin's story tells us that cultural exchange is not about textbooks or maps. It is about real people, real food, and real __10__. Once you open your heart, the world becomes a big family. 1. A. serious B. popular C. strange D. special 2. A. allowed B. invited C. helped D. promised 3. A. looking B. pointing C. shouting D. aiming 4. A. bored B. interested C. moved D. worried 5. A. clothes B. customs C. games D. buildings 6. A. hate B. try C. enjoy D. forget 7. A. hated B. missed C. loved D. finished 8. A. realize B. hope C. remember D. advise 9. A. introduce B. experience C. produce D. improve 10. A. mistakes B. reasons C. troubles D. feelings 三、阅读理解 A On December 4, 2024, a piece of good news came from the 19th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. The Spring Festival, the Chinese Lunar New Year, was added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The Spring Festival has a history of more than 4,000 years. It is the most important traditional festival in China. During the festival, families get together from all over the country. They have a big dinner on New Year's Eve, watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV, and visit relatives and friends in the following days. Children are happy because they can get red envelopes with lucky money. Now, the Spring Festival is not only celebrated in China. More and more people around the world are taking part in the celebrations. In many cities, such as New York, London and Sydney, there are dragon dances, lion dances and temple fairs. Foreigners also try dumplings and paste spring couplets on their doors. Experts say that adding the Spring Festival to the UNESCO list is a new start. It will help more people around the world learn about Chinese culture. 'Festivals are the memory of a nation. When we share our festivals with the world, we share our heart,' one expert said. 1. When was the Spring Festival added to the UNESCO list? A. On November 4, 2024. B. On December 4, 2024. C. On January 29, 2025. D. On December 4, 2025. 2. Which of the following is NOT a Spring Festival activity according to Paragraph 2? A. Having a big dinner on New Year's Eve. B. Watching the Spring Festival Gala. C. Getting red envelopes with lucky money. D. Eating Zongzi and watching boat races. 3. What does the underlined word "Representative" in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. 重要的；有代表性的 B. 奇怪的 C. 新发明的 D. 已被遗忘的 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The Spring Festival will no longer be celebrated in China. B. Only Chinese people around the world celebrate the Spring Festival. C. The listing will help the world understand Chinese culture better. D. The expert thinks festivals are not important to a nation. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Chinese Food B. How to Spend the Spring Festival C. UNESCO: An International Organization D. The Spring Festival Becomes a World Intangible Cultural Heritage B Antonio is an Italian cook. He first saw a TV program about Marco Polo's travels when he was a boy. The beautiful Chinese food in the program completely shocked him. 'At that moment, I decided that one day I would go to China and explore the country myself,' he said. In 2018, Antonio finally came to Beijing. He opened a small restaurant near the Forbidden City. Crazy about Chinese food, he travelled to many cities in China to find new ideas. Last year, he visited some cities along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. He tasted Hangzhou's West Lake fish soup, Suzhou's squirrel-shaped fish, and Yangzhou's fried rice. 'What interested me most was not only the food, but also the people,' Antonio said. 'In Yangzhou, an old fisherman told me the story of how he caught fish in the canal when he was a boy. That story was more moving than any dish.' Now Antonio's restaurant is famous. He mixes Italian cooking skills with Chinese ingredients. His most popular dish is 'Marco Polo's Pizza' — a pizza with Chinese mushrooms and bamboo shoots. Many Chinese customers come to taste it. 'Food is a bridge,' Antonio said. 'It brings people together, no matter where they come from.' 6. When did Antonio decide to come to China? A. After he opened a restaurant in Beijing. B. When he was a boy watching a TV program. C. After he visited the Grand Canal. D. After he tasted Yangzhou fried rice. 7. Where is Antonio's restaurant in Beijing? A. Near the Summer Palace. B. Near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. C. Near the Forbidden City. D. Near the West Lake. 8. What did Antonio find most interesting during his trip along the canal? A. Only the delicious local dishes. B. The expensive ingredients. C. The long history of the Grand Canal. D. The old fisherman's story and the people. 9. What can we learn about "Marco Polo's Pizza"? A. It is a traditional Italian dish with no Chinese ingredients. B. It is a pizza that mixes Italian skills with Chinese ingredients. C. It is not popular with Chinese customers at all. D. It was created by Marco Polo himself. 10. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage? A. To introduce a foreign cook's cross-cultural food journey. B. To tell people how to make Italian pizza. C. To ask more foreigners to open restaurants in Beijing. D. To compare Chinese and Italian food in detail. C Before this Mid-Autumn Festival, a group of foreign middle school students came to Yangliuqing, an ancient town near Tianjin. They were invited by a Chinese cultural exchange programme. Their goal was to experience Chinese traditional culture first-hand. The students came from New Zealand, Britain, Brazil and Nepal. On the first day, they learned to make Chinese paper-cuttings. Quentin, a 15-year-old boy from New Zealand, cut a beautiful picture of a rabbit. 'In my country, the rabbit on the moon is just a story,' he said. 'But here, the rabbit is everywhere — on mooncakes, on postcards, even on the moon.' In the evening, the foreign students sat with Chinese friends in the old town square. They looked up at the bright full moon and shared mooncakes. A girl from Nepal recited a traditional poem about the moon in her own language. A British boy read Li Bai's famous poem 'Quiet Night Thought' in Chinese, though his pronunciation was still not perfect. Everyone clapped warmly. 'Although we have different cultures and speak different languages, the moon above us is the same,' said the programme director. 'The moon is a bridge that connects young people all over the world.' 11. Where did the foreign students spend the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. In Beijing. B. In Yangzhou. C. In Yangliuqing near Tianjin. D. In New Zealand. 12. What did Quentin from New Zealand cut on the first day? A. A beautiful picture of a rabbit. B. A picture of the Chang'e goddess. C. A Chinese national flag. D. A mooncake with flowers. 13. What do we know about the British boy? A. He recited a Nepali poem in his own language. B. He came from Nepal with the girl. C. He refused to take part in the evening activity. D. He read Li Bai's poem in Chinese though his pronunciation was not perfect. 14. What does the underlined word "connects" in the last sentence probably mean? A. 分离；隔开 B. 连接；联系 C. 控制；统治 D. 破坏；摧毁 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Foreign students do not like Chinese culture at all. B. The Mid-Autumn Festival is only celebrated in China. C. Cultural exchange through the moon brings young people from different countries together. D. Paper-cutting is the only traditional Chinese art. 四、任务型阅读 When you meet people from different countries, do you know how to greet them properly? Here are some common customs around the world. China— When people meet for the first time, they usually shake hands. But close friends may nod and smile. During the Spring Festival, children get red envelopes from elder family members. France— It is polite to shake hands when you meet someone. But among friends, it is more common to kiss on the cheeks — two kisses, one on each side. Brazil— Brazilians are very friendly. When they meet, they often stand close and may touch your arm or back. Women sometimes kiss each other on the cheeks. Japan — People bow to each other when they meet. The deeper the bow, the more respect they show. Younger people bow deeper to elder people. India— People put their hands together in front of the heart and nod their heads. This greeting is called 'Namaste'. It means 'I bow to the god in you'. Remember: when you are in a foreign country, watch what local people do and do the same. That is the easiest way to show respect. 1. (判断正误) Chinese people always kiss on the cheeks when they meet for the first time. (T / F) 2. (判断正误) In Japan, younger people bow deeper to show respect to elder people. (T / F) 3. (判断正误) In Brazil, people usually stand far away from each other when they talk. (T / F) 4. 根据短文填空（每空不超过3个词）：In France, friends give ____________ kisses on the cheeks when they meet. 5. 根据短文填空（每空不超过3个词）：The Indian greeting 'Namaste' means 'I bow to ____________'. 6. 根据短文填空（每空不超过3个词）：The easiest way to show respect in a foreign country is to watch ____________ do and do the same. 7. 将文中划线句子 翻译成汉语。 五、语法填空 根据短文内容，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Paper-cutting is a famous Chinese traditional art. It 1____ (be) around for over 1,500 years. People use scissors 2____ (cut) red paper into different pictures. The red color 3____ (think) to bring good luck and happiness. During the Spring Festival, paper-cuttings 4____ (see) on windows, doors and walls. They are symbols 5____ wishes for a happy new year. A girl 6____ name is Li learned paper-cutting from her grandma when she was only eight. Now she is able 7____ (make) beautiful rabbits, flowers and animals. Last month, Li was invited to a school in London. She taught the British students how 8____ (cut) paper. One boy said, 'I never knew Chinese art could be so 9____ (interest). I will show my work 10____ my parents when I go home.' 1. ____ 2. ____ 3. ____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ 六、书面表达 假如你是校英语报小记者，请以“Chinese Paper-cutting”为题写一篇 80 词左右的短文，向外国读者介绍中国剪纸这一传统文化。内容须包括： ① 剪纸的历史（over 1,500 years）； ② 常见题材（flowers, animals, stories from Chinese history）； ③ 出现的场合（on windows, doors during the Spring Festival）； ④ 你的感受或邀请。 可用句型： ● Paper-cutting is a famous Chinese traditional art with a history of over... ● People cut red paper into pictures of... ● During the Spring Festival, we can see paper-cuttings on... ● If you come to China, you will fall in love with... 参考答案与解析 一、词汇运用 1. cultural 2. directly 3. impolite 4. quarters 5. greeting 6. international 7. open-minded 8. tourist 二、完型填空】 1. A 他担心会遇到严重的语言问题。serious 严重的。 2. B 李静邀请他中秋去她家。invite sb. to do sth.，用过去式。 3. A look at the bright full moon 赏月；与 eating 并列，用 looking。 4. C 他被深深打动了。moved 感动的（修饰人）。 5. D 故宫的古代建筑。building 用复数。 6. C 他开始喜欢/享受中国食物。enjoy 享受。 7. C 起初辣得他流泪，但很快就喜欢上了。用过去式 loved。 8. A 现在他意识到中国文化充满温暖和美。realize 意识到。 9. B 带父母来亲身体验中国文化。experience 体验。 10. D 文化交流是关于真实的人、食物和真实的情感。feeling 用复数。 三、阅读理解 1. B 细节题。第一段首句明确写 On December 4, 2024。 2. D 细节判断题。第二段提到年夜饭、春晚、红包；D 项吃粽子赛龙舟是端午节活动，不是春节。 3. A 词义猜测题。Representative List 指“代表作名录”，即具有代表性的杰作；结合上下文UNESCO名录的性质可推断。 4. C 推理判断题。专家说“分享节日就是分享内心”，且明确说此举将帮助世界了解中国文化；A、B、D 均与原文相悖。 5. D 主旨大意题。全文围绕春节列入UNESCO人类非遗名录这一事件展开，D 项最能概括全文。 6. B 细节题。第一段：他小时候看马可·波罗游记节目时就决定要来中国。 7. C 细节题。第二段：He opened a small restaurant near the Forbidden City。 8. D 细节/推理题。第三段：最让他感兴趣的不仅是食物，还有人——老渔民的故事比任何菜都动人。 9. B 推理题。最后一段：他把意大利厨艺和中国食材融合，这道招牌菜用了中国蘑菇和竹笋，深受中国顾客欢迎。 10. A 写作目的/主旨题。文章通过Antonio的故事展现美食作为文化桥梁的作用，A 项最贴合；B、C、D 均为片面或过度推断。 11. C 细节题。第一段：came to Yangliuqing, an ancient town near Tianjin。 12. A 细节题。第二段：Quentin cut a beautiful picture of a rabbit。 13. D 细节题。第三段：英国男孩用中文朗诵李白的《静夜思》，尽管发音还不完美。 14. B 词义猜测题。“月亮是一座桥，把全世界的年轻人______起来”，桥的作用是连接，故选 B。 15. C 主旨大意题。文章通过中外青年共庆中秋的故事，说明文化交流以月亮为桥，把不同国家的年轻人连接在一起。 四、任务型阅读 1. F 细节题。中国首次见面通常握手，不是亲吻脸颊；亲吻脸颊是法国朋友间的礼仪。 2. T 细节题。日本部分明确写：Younger people bow deeper to elder people。 3. F 细节题。巴西人说话时站得很近，还可能碰手臂或后背。 4. two 法国朋友间亲吻两次，每边一次。 5. the god in you 印度部分最后一句直接给出。 6. what local people 最后一段：watch what local people do and do the same。 7. 当你在外国时，观察当地人怎么做，你就照着做。（意对即可） 翻译题。when 引导时间状语从句；what local people do 是宾语从句；do the same 照着做。 五、语法填空 1. has been for over 1,500 years 是现在完成时标志，主语 It 用 has been。 2. to cut use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事，不定式作目的状语。 3. is thought 红色被认为能带来好运，被动语态；主语是单数，用 is thought。 4. are seen 剪纸被看到/贴在门窗墙上，被动语态；主语复数用 are seen。 5. of symbols of ... ……的象征，固定搭配。 6. whose 定语从句：a girl whose name is Li 一个名叫李的女孩。 7. to make be able to do sth. 能够做某事。 8. to cut how to do sth. 疑问词+不定式作宾语。 9. interesting 修饰物 Chinese art 用 interesting（有趣的）。 10. to show sth. to sb. 把某物展示给某人。 六、书面表达·参考范文 Chinese Paper-cutting Paper-cutting is a famous Chinese traditional art with a history of over 1,500 years. People use scissors to cut red paper into beautiful pictures of flowers, animals and stories from Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, you can see paper-cuttings on windows, doors and walls. The red colour is thought to bring good luck and drive away bad things. I love paper-cutting because it is not only a piece of art, but also a warm greeting for the new year. If you come to China, you will fall in love with it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $