专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理(期中知识清单) 高二英语上学期译林版

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专题02 选择必修第二册Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点01 重点词类 1. critical adj. _______________ 2. trap vt. _______________ n. _______________ 3. release vt. _______________ n. _______________ 4. extend vi. & vt. _______________ 5. construction n. _______________ 6. dozen n. _______________ 7. ※minor adj. _______________ 8. scream vi. & vt. _______________ n. _______________ 9. choke vt. & vi. _______________ 10. department n. _______________ 11. automatic adj. _______________ 12. investigate vt. & vi. _______________ 13. journalist n. _______________ 14. priority n. _______________ 15. conclusion n. _______________ 16. false adj. _______________ 17. sum vt. _______________ n. _______________ 18. accurate adj. _______________ 19. ※committed adj. _______________ 20. discrimination n. _______________ 21. curiosity n. _______________ 22. commitment n. _______________ 23. citizen n. _______________ 24. found vt. _______________ 25. politics n. _______________ 26. accuse vt. _______________ 27. profession n. _______________ 28. ※scholarship n. _______________ 29. ※category n. _______________ 30. nevertheless adv. _______________ 31. witness vt. & vi. _______________ n. _______________ 32. edition n. _______________ 33. platform n. _______________ 34. interaction n. _______________ 35. broadcast n. _______________ vi. & vt.(broadcast, broadcast)_______________ 36. advertising n. _______________ 37. persuade vt. _______________ 38. channel n. _______________ 39. ※peak adj. _______________ n. _______________ vi. _______________ 40. boost vt. _______________ n. _______________ 41. psychology n. _______________ 42. purchase vt. _______________ n. _______________ 43. ※memorable adj. _______________ 44. sponsor vt. _______________ n. _______________ 45. absorb vt. _______________ 46. discount n. _______________ vt. _______________ 47. compete vi. _______________ 48. ※racial adj. _______________ 49. ※diverse adj. _______________ 50. motivate vt. _______________ 51. boundary n. _______________ 52. demonstrate vt. _______________ vi. _______________ 53. afterwards adv. _______________ 54. ※proceed vi. _______________ 55. applaud vt. & vi. _______________ 56. consistent adj. _______________ 57. rank vi. & vt. _______________ n. _______________ 58. trend n. _______________ 59. ambition n. _______________ 60. fellow adj. _______________ n. _______________ 61. relay n. _______________ vt. _______________ 62. limit n. _______________ vt. _______________ 63. pour vt. & vi. _______________ 64. ※opponent n. _______________ 65. complain vi. & vt. _______________ 66. handle vt. _______________ n. _______________ 67. cruel adj. _______________ 68. remark n. _______________ vi. & vt. _______________ 69. literally adv. _______________ 知识点02 高频短语 1. _______________ 很多,许多 2. _______________ 发生 3. _______________ 例如,比如 4. _______________ 揭露,披露 5. _______________ 总结,概括 6. _______________ 致力于 7. _______________ (尺寸和数量上)增加,上升 8. _______________ 迅速出现,突然兴起 9. _______________ 被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚 10. _______________ (使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽 11. _______________ 住宅区,住宅群 12. _______________ 扑灭;生产 13. _______________ 爆发 14. _______________ 依靠;依赖 15. _______________ 以……为例 16. _______________ 谈及,就……而言 17. _______________ 由应急服务机构发布的数字 18. _______________ 把高层的人们困住 19. _______________ 处于危急关头 20. _______________ 进一步调查事故 21. _______________ 当务之急,优先事项 22. _______________ 从相同的角度 23. _______________ 一种更全面的方式 24. _______________ 一个更有依据的结论 25. _______________ 有着良好的辨别力 26. _______________ 田径运动 27. _______________ 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事 28. _______________ 欢天喜地,得意扬扬 29. _______________ 正确客观地看待 30. _______________ 偶然来到,无意中处于 31. _______________ 改变条件(或规则) 32. _______________ 进乌龙球;无意中做让自己吃亏的事 33. _______________ 差不多 34. _______________ 大致相近的估计 35. _______________ 给某人出难题 36. _______________ 三振出局 37. _______________ 不公正的,伤人的 38. _______________ 认输,承认失败 39. _______________ 灭绝;逐渐消失 40. _______________ 古奥林匹克运动会 41. _______________ 实现梦想 42. _______________ 在奖牌榜上 43. _______________ 决赛中一场艰苦的胜利 44. _______________ 另一个历史性的时刻 45. _______________ 训练有素的、有天赋的运动员 46. _______________ 来自不同背景的人 47. _______________ 在奖牌榜上排第一名 48. _______________ 在开幕式上 49. _______________ 突破人类成就的极限 50. _______________ 有史以来 知识点03 重点句型 1.“be+过去分词+to have done”结构 The fire, which _______________ from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 这场火灾被认为是从8楼开始的,周日晚上迅速蔓延到整栋塔楼,导致楼上的人被困。 2.“be about to do...when...”结构 I _______________ I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡,这时我听到人们在尖叫,狗在狂吠。 3.“the+序数词+to do sth.”结构 Pulitzer was _____________________________________________. 普利策是第一个提倡在大学阶段培训记者的人。 4.“so+助动词+主语”结构 As media channels have grown in number and type, _______________. 随着媒体渠道在数量和类型上的增长,广告也是如此。 5.“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构 _______________ we like the brand ambassador, _______________ we will be attracted to buy the product. 我们越喜欢品牌代言人,就越会被吸引去购买这个产品。 6. 强调句型 ______________________________ brought the Olympics back to life. 是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人让奥运会重获生机。 7.“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 Idioms ______________________________. 习语让语言更为丰富多彩和富有表现力。 8. 定语从句 This idiom is often used to talk about situations ______________________________. 这个习语常用来谈论人们浪费三次机会后失败的情况。 9.“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构 However, when you are thrown a curveball, do not throw in the towel---______________________________ 然而,当你遇到意外难题时,不要认输——努力去做,小心不要乌龙,你就一定会成功! 知识点04 重点语法 1. 过去完成时:had + 过去分词,如 had finished the homework 2. 过去进行时的被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词,如 was being repaired 3. 过去完成时的被动语态:had been + 过去分词,如 had been completed 考点01 词类转换 (派生词)— 最高频 1. _______________adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的 → _______________v. 批评,指责 → _______________n. 批评家;评论家,评论员 → criticism n. 批评,批判;责备,指责 2. _______________vi.& vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展 → _______________n. 延长;延伸 → _______________adj. 广阔的,广大的,大量的 3. _______________n. 建筑,建造;建造物 → _______________vt. 修建;建造 ※4. _______________adj. 轻微的,次要的 → _______________n. 少数;少数派;少数人 5. _______________n. 洗澡,浴缸 → _______________v. 洗澡 6. _______________adj. 自动的 → _______________adv. 自动地 ※7. _______________vt.& vi. 侦查,调查;研究 → _______________n. 调查;研究 8. _______________n. 新闻记者 → _______________n. 新闻业 ※9. _______________n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点 → _______________adj. 优先的;占先的;较重要的 ※10. _______________vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥 → _______________adj. 相互矛盾的;对立的 → _______________n. 矛盾 11. _______________v. 相异,意见相左 → _______________n. 不同 → _______________adj. 不同的 12. _______________n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 → _______________v. 断定,推断出,得出结论;(使)结束,终止 13. _______________n. 金额,总和 → _______________n. 总结 14. _______________adj. 正确无误的;精确的 → _______________adv. 准确地;精确地;如实地 → _______________n. 准确(性);精确(程度) 15. _______________adj. 尽心尽力的 → _______________vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间) vi. 全心全意投入,忠于 → _______________n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费 16. _______________n. 区别,辨别 → _______________v. 区分,辨别 17. _______________n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品 → _______________adj. 好奇的 → _______________adv. 好奇地 18. _______________v. 创办,建立 → _______________n. 创办,建立 19. _______________n. 政治 → _______________adj. 政治的 → _______________n. 政治家 20. _______________v. 谴责,控诉 → _______________n. 谴责,控诉 21. _______________n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明 → _______________adj. 职业的,专业的 22. _______________n. 互动;互相作用 → _______________vi. 交流,沟通,合作;相互影响,相互作用 23. _______________v. 做广告 → _______________n. 广告活动,广告业 → _______________n. 广告 24. _______________v. 说服 → _______________n. 说服,劝说 25. _______________adj. 难忘的,值得纪念的 → _______________n. 回忆,记忆;记忆力 → _______________v. 记住,记忆 26. _______________vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力 → _______________adj. 全神贯注的,专心致志的 → _______________adj. 吸引人的,引人入胜的 27. _______________vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑 → _______________adj. 觉得好笑的,愉快的,开心的 → _______________adj. 逗人笑的;有趣的 → _______________n. 娱乐,消遣;可笑,愉悦 28. _______________vi. 参加,参与 → _______________n. 参加,参与 → _______________n. 参与者,参加者 29. _______________vi. 参加比赛;竞争 → _______________n. 比赛 → _______________n. 竞争者;对手 → _______________adj. 有竞争力的 ※30. _______________n. 民族,种族 → _______________adj. 种族的 → _______________adv. 种族地 31. _______________adj. 多种多样的 → _______________n. 多样性 32. _______________v. 参加 → _______________adj. 联合的,共同的 33. _______________vt. 激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因 → _______________n. 动力;诱因;积极性 → _______________adj. 有动机的;有积极性的 34. _______________vt.& vi. 称赞,赞许;鼓掌 → _______________n. 鼓掌,掌声;喝彩 ※35. _______________adj. 一致的,始终如一的;连续的 → _______________adv. 一贯地;一致地;坚持地 36. _______________n. 选举,推选;当选 → _______________v. 选举,推选;选择,决定 37. _______________n. 信心;宗教信仰 → _______________adj. 忠实的 → _______________adv. 忠实地 38. _______________n. 追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志 → _______________adj. 有野心的;有雄心的;有抱负的 39. _______________adv. 逐渐地,逐步地 → _______________adj. 逐渐的,逐步的,渐进的 40. _______________n. 限度,限制,限量,限额;界限 vt. 限制,限定;限量,减量 → _______________adj. 有限的 → _______________adj. 无限制的,无界限的 41. _______________adv. 真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上 → _______________adj. 字面意义的 42. _______________n. 高雅,文雅;优美;风度,体面 → _______________adj. 优美的,优雅的 → _______________adv. 优美地;优雅地;雅致地 43. _______________vi.& vt. 抱怨,投诉 → _______________n. 抱怨,牢骚,投诉 44. _______________adv. 无意地,非故意地 → _______________v. 打算,计划,想要 → _______________n. 意图,目的 → _______________adj. 故意的,有意的,存心的 45. _______________adj. 刻毒伤人的,残酷的 → _______________n.(尤指蓄意的)残酷,残忍,残暴 → _______________adv. 残酷地,残暴地 考点02 介词填空 — 必考 考法:固定搭配中挖掉介词。 dozens ___ 很多,许多 be committed ___致力于 rely ___ 依靠;依赖 take ... ___an example 以……为例 in terms ___... 谈及,就……而言 call on sb ___ sth 请求某人做某事 keep sth ___perspective 正确客观地看待 ___the same perspective 从相同的角度 differ ___/ be different ___ 与……不同 differ ___ 在……方面不同 be absorbed ___ 全神贯注于 accuse sb ___ sth 指控某人做某事 participate ___ 参加,参与 compete ___ 参加(比赛)/ 争夺 complain ___抱怨,投诉 interact ___ 与……交流、互动 be consistent ___ 与……一致 be curious ___ 对……好奇 have faith ___ 对……有信心 be faithful ___ 对……忠实 congratulate sb ___sth 就某事祝贺某人 spend ... ___sth / (___) doing sth 在……上花费 prevent / stop sb ___ sth 阻止某人做某事 be faced ___ 面临 ___a critical condition 处于危急关头 ___the opening ceremony 在开幕式上 ___the medal table 在奖牌榜上 rank first ___ 在……中排第一 考点03 "to 后接 doing" 陷阱 — 高频易错 考法:给出动词原形,让考生判断填 doing 还是 do。 判断规律 先判断 to 的词性:to 是介词 → 后接名词 / 动名词(doing);to 是不定式符号 → 后接动词原形(do)。 to 为介词(后接 doing) 词义 to 为不定式(后接 do) 词义 be committed to doing 致力于做 be about to do 即将做 object to doing 反对做 used to do 过去常常做 look forward to doing 期待做 be supposed to do 应该做 devote ... to doing 把……献给 intend to do 打算做 be used to doing 习惯于 mean to do 打算做 pay attention to doing 注意做 fail to do 未能做 get down to doing 开始认真做 — — lead to doing / contribute to doing 导致 / 有助于 — — when it comes to doing 说到,谈及 — — 对比句(背诵模板) (1) The team is committed to training hard and pushing the boundaries of human achievements.(致力于做) (2) I used to hate sports, but now I am used to getting up early to run.(过去常常 vs 习惯于) 考点04 ed /ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 考法:填 -ed 或 -ing 形式;或单项选择。 命题角度:主语是人(或人的表情、声音)选 -ed,主语是物 / 事选 -ing。 判断规律 • -ing:"令人……的",多修饰物 / 事; • -ed:"感到……的",多修饰人; • 命题陷阱:修饰人的表情、声音、眼泪、尖叫(look / voice / tears / scream / smile)时,虽不是"人"本身,仍用 -ed。 本专题成对词表(来自考点01) 动词 -ing(令人……的) -ed(感到……的) amuse amusing 逗人笑的;有趣的 amused 觉得好笑的 absorb absorbing 引人入胜的 absorbed 全神贯注的 motivate motivating 激励的(令人产生动力的) motivated 有积极性的 interest interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 excite exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 inspire inspiring 鼓舞人心的 inspired 受鼓舞的 disappoint disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 confuse confusing 令人困惑的 confused 困惑的 一、近义词 / 近形词辨析 辨析 01 critical / critic / criticism / criticize 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 / 例句 critical adj. 批评的,批判性的,挑剔的;极为重要的,关键的;危急的 be critical of 对……挑剔;be critical to 对……极重要;in (a) critical condition 病情危急 critic n. [c] 批评家,评论家,评论员 a film critic 影评人 criticism n. [c/u] 批评,批判,责备;评论 [u] come in for criticism 遭到批评 criticize vt. 批评,批判,挑剔;评论,评价 criticize sb. for doing sth. 因干某事批评某人 辨析点:形容词【挑剔】用 be critical of,【关键/重要】用 be critical to;名词【批评】是 criticism(critic 是【批评家】)。 辨析 02 differ / different / difference / differently 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 differ vi. 相异;意见相左 differ from 与……不同;differ in 在……方面不同;differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 就某事与某人意见相左 different adj. 不同的,差异的 be different from 与……不同 difference n. [c/u] 不同,差别,差异 make a difference to 对……有影响;tell the difference 区分,辨别不同 differently adv. 不同地 — 辨析点:differ from(与……不同)≠ differ in(在某方面不同);differ 是不及物动词,不能直接带宾语。 辨析 03 contradict / contradictory / contradiction 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 / 例句 contradict vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥 contradict oneself 自相矛盾;contradict each other 相互矛盾 contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的,不一致的 be contradictory to 与……相矛盾 contradiction n. [u] 反驳,驳斥;矛盾 in contradiction to 与……相矛盾 辨析点:be contradictory to(形容词 + to)与 in contradiction to(名词 + in…to)都表【与……相矛盾】,前者更常用。 辨析 04 conclude / conclusion / concluding 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 conclude vi. & vt. 总结,下结论,结束 conclude (…) with sth. / by doing sth. 以……结束;conclude…from… 从……中得出结论 conclusion n. [c] 结论,推论;结束;签订 draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论;in conclusion 最后,总之 concluding adj. 结束的,最后的 concluding speech 闭幕词;concluding remark 结束语 辨析点:in conclusion(副词性短语,【最后】)≠ conclude with/by(动词搭配);三者不可混用词性。 辨析 05 bath / bathe(同族词辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 bath n. [c] 洗澡,洗浴;浴缸 have/take a bath 洗澡;run a bath 放洗澡水;give sb. a bath 给某人洗澡 bathe vt. & vi. (给……)洗澡,沐浴;(用水/药水)洗,浸,泡;游泳;(光线、暖气)充满,覆盖 be bathed in 沐浴于,被……笼罩;be bathed in light/moonlight 沐浴于光/月光 辨析点:bath 是名词(take a bath),bathe 是动词(bathe in the sun);作分词状语时用 bathed(如 bathed in the golden light)。 辨析 06 minor / minority(同族词辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 minor adj. / n. / vi. adj. 轻微的,次要的;n. 未成年人,辅修科目;vi. 辅修 a minor injury/role 轻伤/次要角色;minor in 辅修 minority n. [c] 少数,少数派;少数民族 a minority of + 名词复数 + 谓单/复;in the minority 占少数 辨析点:minor(次要的)↔ major(主要的);minority(少数)↔ majority(多数);minor 作动词表【辅修】要用 minor in。 辨析 07 extend / extension / extensive(同族词辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 extend vi. & vt. 延伸;延续;涉及;扩大;延长;伸展;提供,给予 extend a deadline 延长期限;extend to 延伸到;extend sth. to sb. 向某人提供 extension n. [c/u] 扩大,延伸,延长;延期,展期 — extensive adj. 广大的,广阔的,大量的;广泛的,广博的 extensive research 广泛的研究 辨析点:extend(拉长、延伸)≠ expand(由内向外膨胀、扩张);形容词是 extensive(不是 extend 的 -ing 形式)。 辨析 08 proceed / go on(近义短语辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 proceed vi. 接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往 proceed with sth.;proceed to do sth. go on v. 继续 go on with sth. / go on to do sth. 辨析点:proceed 与 go on 意思相近,但 proceed 是不及物动词,不能直接带宾语;两者后接都用 with + 名词 / to do。 辨析 09 be identical to / be identical with(介词搭配辨析) 结构 词义 例句 be identical to sb./sth. 与……完全相同 The majority of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics. be identical with sb./sth. 与……完全相同 The number on the card should be identical with the one on the chequebook. 辨析点:be identical to 与 be identical with 通用,均表【完全相同、一模一样】;注意区别于 be similar to(相似)。 二、易混短语 / 固定搭配辨析 辨析 10 come about 及 come 短语群(高频短语辨析) 短语 词义 短语 词义 come about 发生(常与 how 连用) come out 出版,发行;长出,开花;被获知 come across 偶然遇见,发现;被理解 come round (到某人家)拜访 come along 进展;跟随;快点儿;好转 come through 经历;通过;收到,到达 come up 走近;长出;发生;被讨论 come to 共计;达到;达成;苏醒 come up with 提出,想出 come up to 达到,符合 come down with 患,得,染上 to come 未来的,将到来的(作后置定语) 辨析点:come about 是不及物短语,无被动,常用 How does it come about that…?;come up with 是及物(想出、提出);come up 表【被提出】时也是不及物(The question came up.)。 辨析 11 bring 短语群(高频短语辨析) 短语 词义 短语 词义 bring about 引起,导致,带来 bring forward 提出,提议;提前 bring back 带回来;使回忆起;使恢复 bring in 引进,引入;收(庄稼);获利 bring down 使倒下;使下降;打倒 bring on 引起(不好的事);有助于 bring forth 产生 bring up 调出;提出;呕吐;抚养 bring through 使度过困难 bring out 使显现,阐明;出版,生产 bring…to light 揭露,披露 — — 辨析点:bring about(导致,结果)≠ bring up(抚养/提出/呕吐);bring out(阐明、出版)≠ bring in(引进、获利)。 辨析 12 walk on air / keep sth in perspective(语境辨析) 短语 词义 原句背诵 walk on air 欢天喜地,得意扬扬 Winning has the victor walking on air, lost in the glory of the moment… keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 Almost nobody likes to come second, and sometimes it is difficult to keep everything in perspective. 辨析点:walk on air 表【因成功而飘飘然】(多用于胜者);keep sth in perspective 强调【不夸大、客观看待】,可与 get sth out of perspective(没能正确看待)对照记忆。 题型 考查内容 示例 建议题量/难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写+词义 What d________ him from other painters is his use of colour. 10 题 / ★ 单句语法填空 词形变化+搭配 Beethoven's ______ (determine) impressed the world. 10 题 / ★ 完成句子 句型运用 正是他的一席话让我重拾信心:It was his words ______ made me regain my confidence.(that,强调句) 6 题 / ★★ 选词填空 语境选词+变形 方框:appropriate / enhance / remarkable / absence / origin → ①Body language should be ______ to the culture you are in.(appropriate) 8 题 / ★★ 句型转换 同义结构改写 It is believed that the bridge was built in the Ming Dynasty. ⇄ The bridge is believed ______ ______ been built in the Ming Dynasty. 5 题 / ★★★ 短语翻译 固定搭配记忆 克服困难 overcome difficulties;给……留下深刻印象 leave a deep impression on; 8 题 / ★ 词义配对 词义/搭配连线 appropriate—合适的;remarkable—非凡的 8 题 / ★ 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基,厚积薄发) 技巧 一句话要点 听力——先读题干预判 播放前速读题干抓关键词,but / however 等转折词后常是答案;本专题话题词提前圈记:headline / journalism / advertisement(媒体)、Olympic / athlete / championship(体育)。 词汇拼写——派生词规律 先看词在句中的成分定词性,再套派生规则:accurate→accuracy、motivate→motivation、compete→competition 等,句型如 "be+过去分词+to have done、so+助动词+主语、the more...the more..."。 短语搭配——to 后接 doing 陷阱 look forward to / be used to / be addicted to / be committed to 中的 to 是介词,后接动名词:be committed to protecting...,勿填 protect。 介词填空——固定搭配优先 成套记忆、挖空即填:be curious about、complain about、be consistent with、spend ... on sth / (in) doing sth。 易混词辨析——按对象判断 join(加入组织)/ join in(加入活动)/ take part in(参加并起作用)之外,再记本专题:first/firstly/at first、find/found、historic/historical、race/racial、media/medium、extend/expand。 -ed/-ing 形容词——人-ed 物-ing 先看修饰人还是物:a depressing documentary(令人压抑的,物→-ing)、the audience sat fascinated(感到着迷的,人→-ed);amusing / absorbing / motivating 同理。 完形填空——先通读再选 先通读全文把握大意与情感基调,再逐空代入;关注上下文词汇复现与逻辑连接词,本专题语篇多围绕科技、体育题材展开。 阅读理解——题干定位+同义替换 先看题干回原文定位关键词,正确答案多为原文同义改写:原文 brought the Olympics back to life ⇄ 选项 revived the Olympics;警惕 only / never 等绝对化选项。 七选五——衔接词+主题句 看空前后的代词、转折 / 因果连接词与段落主题句,语义衔接优先于字面复现。 语法填空——先判词性再变形 给词的空先定词性再按结构变形;无提示词的空多为介词、冠词或连词。本专题头号考点:过去完成时被动 had been done、过去进行时被动 was being repaired。 长难句——成分分析 先找主谓宾,剥离定语从句与非谓语再作答:The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly. 主干只有 The fire spread。 书面表达——模板+高级句式 用连接词分段(To begin with / What's more / In conclusion),主动套用本专题句型:It is essential for us to...、Not only 部分倒装、with 复合结构、the more...the more...;全文时态保持一致。 【题型一】词义配对 将左栏单词与右栏释义配对,把字母填在括号内。 ( ) 1. priority A. 趋势,趋向 ( ) 2. trend B. 优先事项,首要事情 ( ) 3. contribution C. 对手,竞争者 ( ) 4. opponent D. 贡献 ( ) 5. competition E. 广告活动,广告业 ( ) 6. advertising F. 竞争,比赛 ( ) 7. broadcast G. 播送,广播 ( ) 8. humanity H. 人类;人性 【题型二】短语翻译 根据汉语提示,写出相应的英语短语。 1. 致力于(做)某事 _______________ 2. 迅速出现,突然兴起 _______________ 3. 被传达,被理解 _______________ 4. 正确客观地看待 _______________ 5. 就某事与某人意见相左 _______________ 6. 对……造成损失 _______________ 7. 被认为是…… _______________ 8. 突破……的极限 _______________ 【题型三】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the _______________(首要事情). 2. The housing _______________(住宅区)in the south of the city is being rebuilt. 3. The sports meeting was c_______________ because of the heavy rain. 4. There is a _______________(矛盾)between what he says and what he does. 5. Every athlete should be treated equally, regardless of their _______________(种族的)background. 6. The company has _______________(扩大)its business to three more cities. 7. It can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of _______________(动力). 8. I won’t take attendance, but since part of your grade depends on p_______________, I encourage you to come to class. 9. A large number of _______________(志愿者)worked at the opening ceremony. 10. The athlete's _______________(夙愿,目标)to win the gold medal came true at last. 【题型四】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2026年新高考全国I卷)Much of this lifestyle centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your surroundings is a _______________ (critic) part of the culture. 2.(2026年新高考全国I卷)A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago _______________ (conclude) that city trees did release isoprene. 3.(2026年新高考全国I卷)Meanwhile, enough sleep guarantees our physical health and keeps us mentally sharp, which lays a solid _______________ (found) for efficient study. 4.(2026年新高考全国I卷)Beyond visitor _______________ (interact), AI plays a crucial role in preserving priceless artworks. 5.(2026年全国新课标II卷)Instead, encourage them to do _______________ (fiffer) next time. 6.(2025年1月浙江卷)Afterward, Sebastian and his father left the items with the police as part of the _______________ (investigate). 7.(2025年1月浙江卷)Even the most engaged and _______________ (commit) audience will eventually get bored. 8.(2024年全国II卷)This _______________ (absorb) new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). 9.(2024年北京卷)This time around, I can accept my _______________ (limit) but keep going. 【题型五】 选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。 critical | demonstrate | consistent | identical | proceed | trend | limitation | rank 1. It is _______________that we deal with the problem before it gets worse. 2. The two brothers own _______________bicycles, so I often mistake one for the other. 3. The coach _______________how to hold the racket correctly to the young players. 4. Her performance has been _______________good over the past three seasons. 5. After a short break, the meeting _______________to discuss the second item on the list. 6. There is a growing _______________among teenagers to spend less time on social media. 7. Everyone has his own _______________, so we should not judge others too harshly. 8. The university _______________third in the country for its research in engineering. 【题型六】 句型转换 在横线上填入适当的词,使两句意思相同或相近(每空一词)。 1. People think that the fire started from the 8th floor.(“be+过去分词+to have done”结构) → The fire ______________________________ started from the 8th floor. 2. I was just going to have a bath, and at that moment I heard people screaming and dogs barking. → I was _______________ a bath _______________I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 3. As media channels have grown in number and type, advertisements have grown too.(“so+助动词+主语”结构) → As media channels have grown in number and type, _______________. 4. If we like the brand ambassador more, we will be more attracted to buy the product. → _______________ we like the brand ambassador, _______________ we will be attracted to buy the product. 5. If you work hard and are careful not to score an own goal, you are sure to make it. → _______________hard, be careful not to score an own goal, _______________you are sure to make it! 【题型七】完成句子 1. 据报道,这座古桥建于明朝。(be+过去分词+to have done) The ancient bridge ______________________________ in the Ming Dynasty. 2. 我正要离开教室,这时老师叫住了我。(be about to do...when...) I ______________________________ the teacher called me back. 3. 他是我们班第一个完成这项任务的人。(the+序数词+to do sth.) He was______________________________ the task. 4. 随着越来越多的人选择绿色出行,共享单车也如此。(so+助动词+主语) As more and more people choose green travel, ______________________________. 5. 你越努力,进步就越大。(the+比较级..., the+比较级...) The harder you work, ______________________________. 6. 正是在那家小书店里,我找到了我最喜欢的那本书。(强调句型) ______________________________I found my favourite book. 学科网(北京)股份有限公4 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题02 选择必修第二册Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理 知识点01 重点词类 1. critical adj. 批评的,批判性的,关键的;危急的 2. trap vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n. 陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼 3. release vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄 n. 释放;发行;排放,泄漏 4. extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展 5. construction n. 建筑,建造;建造物 6. dozen n. 许多;(一)打;十来个 7. ※minor adj. 轻微的,次要的 8. scream vi. & vt. 尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n. 尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音 9. choke vt. & vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 10. department n. 部门,局,系 11. automatic adj. 自动的,无意识的,不假思索的 12. investigate vt. & vi. 侦查,调查;研究 13. journalist n. 新闻记者,新闻工作者 14. priority n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点 15. conclusion n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 16. false adj. 错误的,不真实的,非天生的;假的,伪造的;不忠诚的 17. sum vt. 总结,概括 n. 金额,款项;总和,总数;全部 18. accurate adj. 正确无误的;精确的 19. ※committed adj. 尽心尽力的;承诺过的 20. discrimination n. 辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待 21. curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品 22. commitment n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费 23. citizen n. 公民;市民,居民 24. found vt. 创建,创办;建立,兴建 25. politics n. 政治,政治事务;(个人的)政治观点,政见 26. accuse vt. 谴责,控诉 27. profession n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明 28. ※scholarship n. 奖学金;学术 29. ※category n. 类别,种类 30. nevertheless adv. 尽管如此 31. witness vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点),见证;目击;作证;是……的迹象 n. 目击者,见证人;证人 32. edition n. 版本;一份,一期;版次 33. platform n. 平台;站台,月台;讲台,舞台 34. interaction n. 互动;互相作用 35. broadcast n. 广播节目,电视节目 vi. & vt.(broadcast, broadcast)播送,广播;散布,传播 36. advertising n. 广告活动,广告业 37. persuade vt. 说服;使信服 38. channel n. 途径,渠道;电视台;频道;方法;水渠 39. ※peak adj. 高峰时期的,最高度的 n. 顶峰,高峰;山峰;尖端 vi. 达到高峰,达到最高值 40. boost vt. 使增长,使兴旺 n. 增长,提高;帮助,激励 41. psychology n. 心理,心理特征;心理学 42. purchase vt. 买,购买 n. 购买,采购;购买的东西,购买项目 43. ※memorable adj. 难忘的,值得纪念的 44. sponsor vt. 赞助;主办;为慈善活动捐款;资助 n. 赞助商;为慈善活动捐款的人 45. absorb vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力 46. discount n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售 47. compete vi. 参加比赛;竞争 48. ※racial adj. 种族的;种族间的 49. ※diverse adj. 多种多样的,不同的 50. motivate vt. 激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因 51. boundary n. 边界,分界线 52. demonstrate vt. 表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi. 游行示威 53. afterwards adv. 以后,后来 54. ※proceed vi. 接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往 55. applaud vt. & vi. 称赞,赞许;鼓掌 56. consistent adj. 一致的,始终如一的;连续的 57. rank vi. & vt. 属于某等级,把……分等级;排列,使排成行 n. 地位,级别;等级;排,列;军衔 58. trend n. 趋势,趋向 59. ambition n. 追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志 60. fellow adj. 同伴的,同情况的,同类的 n. 同辈,同类;男人,家伙 61. relay n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等);播放,转播 62. limit n. 限度,限制;极限,限量;界限 vt. 限制,限定;限量,减量 63. pour vt. & vi. 倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾泻;下大雨 64. ※opponent n. 对手,竞争者;反对者 65. complain vi. & vt. 抱怨,投诉 66. handle vt. 处理,应付;控制,操纵 n. 把手,拉手;柄 67. cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的,残酷的 68. remark n. 谈论,言论 vi. & vt. 说起,评论 69. literally adv. 真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上 知识点02 高频短语 1. dozens of 很多,许多 2. come about 发生 3. for instance 例如,比如 4. bring sth to light 揭露,披露 5. sum up 总结,概括 6. be committed to 致力于 7. mount up (尺寸和数量上)增加,上升 8. spring up 迅速出现,突然兴起 9. get across 被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚 10. brighten up (使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽 11. housing estate 住宅区,住宅群 12. put out 扑灭;生产 13. break out 爆发 14. rely on 依靠;依赖 15. take ...as an example 以……为例 16. in terms of ... 谈及,就……而言 17. figures released by emergency services 由应急服务机构发布的数字 18. leave people on the upper floors trapped 把高层的人们困住 19. in a critical condition 处于危急关头 20. investigate the accident further 进一步调查事故 21. a top priority 当务之急,优先事项 22. from the same perspective 从相同的角度 23. a more comprehensive way 一种更全面的方式 24. a more informed conclusion 一个更有依据的结论 25. with great discrimination 有着良好的辨别力 26. track and field 田径运动 27. call on sb to do sth 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事 28. walk on air 欢天喜地,得意扬扬 29. keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 30. find one’s way into 偶然来到,无意中处于 31. move the goalposts 改变条件(或规则) 32. score an own goal 进乌龙球;无意中做让自己吃亏的事 33. in the ballpark 差不多 34. a ballpark estimate 大致相近的估计 35. throw sb a curveball 给某人出难题 36. three strikes and you are out 三振出局 37. below the belt 不公正的,伤人的 38. throw in the towel 认输,承认失败 39. die out 灭绝;逐渐消失 40. the ancient Olympic Games 古奥林匹克运动会 41. realize one’s dream 实现梦想 42. in the medal table 在奖牌榜上 43. a hard-fought victory in the final 决赛中一场艰苦的胜利 44. another historic moment 另一个历史性的时刻 45. highly trained and talented athletes 训练有素的、有天赋的运动员 46. people from diverse backgrounds 来自不同背景的人 47. rank first in the medal table 在奖牌榜上排第一名 48. at the opening ceremony 在开幕式上 49. push the boundaries of human achievements 突破人类成就的极限 50. of all time 有史以来 知识点03 重点句型 1.“be+过去分词+to have done”结构 The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 这场火灾被认为是从8楼开始的,周日晚上迅速蔓延到整栋塔楼,导致楼上的人被困。 2.“be about to do...when...”结构 I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡,这时我听到人们在尖叫,狗在狂吠。 3.“the+序数词+to do sth.”结构 Pulitzer was the first to advocate the training of journalists at university level. 普利策是第一个提倡在大学阶段培训记者的人。 4.“so+助动词+主语”结构 As media channels have grown in number and type, so have advertisements. 随着媒体渠道在数量和类型上的增长,广告也是如此。 5.“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”结构 The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product. 我们越喜欢品牌代言人,就越会被吸引去购买这个产品。 6. 强调句型 It was a Frenchman, Pierre de Coubertin, who brought the Olympics back to life. 是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人让奥运会重获生机。 7.“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 Idioms make language more colourful and expressive. 习语让语言更为丰富多彩和富有表现力。 8. 定语从句 This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three chances. 这个习语常用来谈论人们浪费三次机会后失败的情况。 9.“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构 However, when you are thrown a curveball, do not throw in the towel---work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it! 然而,当你遇到意外难题时,不要认输——努力去做,小心不要乌龙,你就一定会成功! 知识点04 重点语法 1. 过去完成时:had + 过去分词,如 had finished the homework 2. 过去进行时的被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词,如 was being repaired 3. 过去完成时的被动语态:had been + 过去分词,如 had been completed 考点01 词类转换 (派生词)— 最高频 1. critical adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的 → criticize v. 批评,指责 → critic n. 批评家;评论家,评论员 → criticism n. 批评,批判;责备,指责 2. extend vi.& vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展 → extension n. 延长;延伸 → extensive adj. 广阔的,广大的,大量的 3. construction n. 建筑,建造;建造物 → construct vt. 修建;建造 ※4. minor adj. 轻微的,次要的 → minority n. 少数;少数派;少数人 5. bath n. 洗澡,浴缸 → bathe v. 洗澡 6. automatic adj. 自动的 → automatically adv. 自动地 ※7. investigate vt.& vi. 侦查,调查;研究 → investigation n. 调查;研究 8. journalist n. 新闻记者 → journalism n. 新闻业 ※9. priority n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点 → prior adj. 优先的;占先的;较重要的 ※10. contradict vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥 → contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的;对立的 → contradiction n. 矛盾 11. differ v. 相异,意见相左 → difference n. 不同 → different adj. 不同的 12. conclusion n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 → conclude v. 断定,推断出,得出结论;(使)结束,终止 13. sum n. 金额,总和 → summary n. 总结 14. accurate adj. 正确无误的;精确的 → accurately adv. 准确地;精确地;如实地 → accuracy n. 准确(性);精确(程度) 15. committed adj. 尽心尽力的 → commit vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间) vi. 全心全意投入,忠于 → commitment n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费 16. discrimination n. 区别,辨别 → discriminate v. 区分,辨别 17. curiosity n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品 → curious adj. 好奇的 → curiously adv. 好奇地 18. found v. 创办,建立 → foundation n. 创办,建立 19. politics n. 政治 → political adj. 政治的 → politician n. 政治家 20. accuse v. 谴责,控诉 → accusation n. 谴责,控诉 21. profession n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明 → professional adj. 职业的,专业的 22. interaction n. 互动;互相作用 → interact vi. 交流,沟通,合作;相互影响,相互作用 23. advertise v. 做广告 → advertising n. 广告活动,广告业 → advertisement n. 广告 24. persuade v. 说服 → persuasion n. 说服,劝说 25. memorable adj. 难忘的,值得纪念的 → memory n. 回忆,记忆;记忆力 → memorize v. 记住,记忆 26. absorb vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力 → absorbed adj. 全神贯注的,专心致志的 → absorbing adj. 吸引人的,引人入胜的 27. amuse vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑 → amused adj. 觉得好笑的,愉快的,开心的 → amusing adj. 逗人笑的;有趣的 → amusement n. 娱乐,消遣;可笑,愉悦 28. participate vi. 参加,参与 → participation n. 参加,参与 → participant n. 参与者,参加者 29. compete vi. 参加比赛;竞争 → competition n. 比赛 → competitor n. 竞争者;对手 → competitive adj. 有竞争力的 ※30. race n. 民族,种族 → racial adj. 种族的 → racially adv. 种族地 31. diverse adj. 多种多样的 → diversity n. 多样性 32. join v. 参加 → joint adj. 联合的,共同的 33. motivate vt. 激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因 → motivation n. 动力;诱因;积极性 → motivated adj. 有动机的;有积极性的 34. applaud vt.& vi. 称赞,赞许;鼓掌 → applause n. 鼓掌,掌声;喝彩 ※35. consistent adj. 一致的,始终如一的;连续的 → consistently adv. 一贯地;一致地;坚持地 36. election n. 选举,推选;当选 → elect v. 选举,推选;选择,决定 37. faith n. 信心;宗教信仰 → faithful adj. 忠实的 → faithfully adv. 忠实地 38. ambition n. 追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志 → ambitious adj. 有野心的;有雄心的;有抱负的 39. gradually adv. 逐渐地,逐步地 → gradual adj. 逐渐的,逐步的,渐进的 40. limit n. 限度,限制,限量,限额;界限 vt. 限制,限定;限量,减量 → limited adj. 有限的 → limitless adj. 无限制的,无界限的 41. literally adv. 真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上 → literal adj. 字面意义的 42. grace n. 高雅,文雅;优美;风度,体面 → graceful adj. 优美的,优雅的 → gracefully adv. 优美地;优雅地;雅致地 43. complain vi.& vt. 抱怨,投诉 → complaint n. 抱怨,牢骚,投诉 44. unintentionally adv. 无意地,非故意地 → intend v. 打算,计划,想要 → intention n. 意图,目的 → intentional adj. 故意的,有意的,存心的 45. cruel adj. 刻毒伤人的,残酷的 → cruelty n.(尤指蓄意的)残酷,残忍,残暴 → cruelly adv. 残酷地,残暴地 考点02 介词填空 — 必考 考法:固定搭配中挖掉介词。 dozens of 很多,许多 be committed to (doing) 致力于 rely on 依靠;依赖 take ... as an example 以……为例 in terms of ... 谈及,就……而言 call on sb to do sth 请求某人做某事 keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 from the same perspective 从相同的角度 differ from / be different from 与……不同 differ in 在……方面不同 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 accuse sb of (doing) sth 指控某人做某事 participate in 参加,参与 compete in / for 参加(比赛)/ 争夺 complain about / of 抱怨,投诉 interact with 与……交流、互动 be consistent with 与……一致 be curious about 对……好奇 have faith in 对……有信心 be faithful to 对……忠实 congratulate sb on sth 就某事祝贺某人 spend ... on sth / (in) doing sth 在……上花费 prevent / stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 be faced with 面临 in a critical condition 处于危急关头 at the opening ceremony 在开幕式上 in the medal table 在奖牌榜上 rank first in 在……中排第一 考点03 "to 后接 doing" 陷阱 — 高频易错 考法:给出动词原形,让考生判断填 doing 还是 do。 判断规律 先判断 to 的词性:to 是介词 → 后接名词 / 动名词(doing);to 是不定式符号 → 后接动词原形(do)。 to 为介词(后接 doing) 词义 to 为不定式(后接 do) 词义 be committed to doing 致力于做 be about to do 即将做 object to doing 反对做 used to do 过去常常做 look forward to doing 期待做 be supposed to do 应该做 devote ... to doing 把……献给 intend to do 打算做 be used to doing 习惯于 mean to do 打算做 pay attention to doing 注意做 fail to do 未能做 get down to doing 开始认真做 — — lead to doing / contribute to doing 导致 / 有助于 — — when it comes to doing 说到,谈及 — — 对比句(背诵模板) (1) The team is committed to training hard and pushing the boundaries of human achievements.(致力于做) (2) I used to hate sports, but now I am used to getting up early to run.(过去常常 vs 习惯于) 考点04 ed /ing 形容词辨析 — 必考 考法:填 -ed 或 -ing 形式;或单项选择。 命题角度:主语是人(或人的表情、声音)选 -ed,主语是物 / 事选 -ing。 判断规律 • -ing:"令人……的",多修饰物 / 事; • -ed:"感到……的",多修饰人; • 命题陷阱:修饰人的表情、声音、眼泪、尖叫(look / voice / tears / scream / smile)时,虽不是"人"本身,仍用 -ed。 本专题成对词表(来自考点01) 动词 -ing(令人……的) -ed(感到……的) amuse amusing 逗人笑的;有趣的 amused 觉得好笑的 absorb absorbing 引人入胜的 absorbed 全神贯注的 motivate motivating 激励的(令人产生动力的) motivated 有积极性的 interest interesting 有趣的 interested 感兴趣的 excite exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 inspire inspiring 鼓舞人心的 inspired 受鼓舞的 disappoint disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 confuse confusing 令人困惑的 confused 困惑的 一、近义词 / 近形词辨析 辨析 01 critical / critic / criticism / criticize 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 / 例句 critical adj. 批评的,批判性的,挑剔的;极为重要的,关键的;危急的 be critical of 对……挑剔;be critical to 对……极重要;in (a) critical condition 病情危急 critic n. [c] 批评家,评论家,评论员 a film critic 影评人 criticism n. [c/u] 批评,批判,责备;评论 [u] come in for criticism 遭到批评 criticize vt. 批评,批判,挑剔;评论,评价 criticize sb. for doing sth. 因干某事批评某人 辨析点:形容词【挑剔】用 be critical of,【关键/重要】用 be critical to;名词【批评】是 criticism(critic 是【批评家】)。 辨析 02 differ / different / difference / differently 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 differ vi. 相异;意见相左 differ from 与……不同;differ in 在……方面不同;differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 就某事与某人意见相左 different adj. 不同的,差异的 be different from 与……不同 difference n. [c/u] 不同,差别,差异 make a difference to 对……有影响;tell the difference 区分,辨别不同 differently adv. 不同地 — 辨析点:differ from(与……不同)≠ differ in(在某方面不同);differ 是不及物动词,不能直接带宾语。 辨析 03 contradict / contradictory / contradiction 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 / 例句 contradict vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥 contradict oneself 自相矛盾;contradict each other 相互矛盾 contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的,不一致的 be contradictory to 与……相矛盾 contradiction n. [u] 反驳,驳斥;矛盾 in contradiction to 与……相矛盾 辨析点:be contradictory to(形容词 + to)与 in contradiction to(名词 + in…to)都表【与……相矛盾】,前者更常用。 辨析 04 conclude / conclusion / concluding 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 conclude vi. & vt. 总结,下结论,结束 conclude (…) with sth. / by doing sth. 以……结束;conclude…from… 从……中得出结论 conclusion n. [c] 结论,推论;结束;签订 draw/reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论;in conclusion 最后,总之 concluding adj. 结束的,最后的 concluding speech 闭幕词;concluding remark 结束语 辨析点:in conclusion(副词性短语,【最后】)≠ conclude with/by(动词搭配);三者不可混用词性。 辨析 05 bath / bathe(同族词辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 bath n. [c] 洗澡,洗浴;浴缸 have/take a bath 洗澡;run a bath 放洗澡水;give sb. a bath 给某人洗澡 bathe vt. & vi. (给……)洗澡,沐浴;(用水/药水)洗,浸,泡;游泳;(光线、暖气)充满,覆盖 be bathed in 沐浴于,被……笼罩;be bathed in light/moonlight 沐浴于光/月光 辨析点:bath 是名词(take a bath),bathe 是动词(bathe in the sun);作分词状语时用 bathed(如 bathed in the golden light)。 辨析 06 minor / minority(同族词辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 minor adj. / n. / vi. adj. 轻微的,次要的;n. 未成年人,辅修科目;vi. 辅修 a minor injury/role 轻伤/次要角色;minor in 辅修 minority n. [c] 少数,少数派;少数民族 a minority of + 名词复数 + 谓单/复;in the minority 占少数 辨析点:minor(次要的)↔ major(主要的);minority(少数)↔ majority(多数);minor 作动词表【辅修】要用 minor in。 辨析 07 extend / extension / extensive(同族词辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 extend vi. & vt. 延伸;延续;涉及;扩大;延长;伸展;提供,给予 extend a deadline 延长期限;extend to 延伸到;extend sth. to sb. 向某人提供 extension n. [c/u] 扩大,延伸,延长;延期,展期 — extensive adj. 广大的,广阔的,大量的;广泛的,广博的 extensive research 广泛的研究 辨析点:extend(拉长、延伸)≠ expand(由内向外膨胀、扩张);形容词是 extensive(不是 extend 的 -ing 形式)。 辨析 08 proceed / go on(近义短语辨析) 词 词性 词义 典型搭配 proceed vi. 接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往 proceed with sth.;proceed to do sth. go on v. 继续 go on with sth. / go on to do sth. 辨析点:proceed 与 go on 意思相近,但 proceed 是不及物动词,不能直接带宾语;两者后接都用 with + 名词 / to do。 辨析 09 be identical to / be identical with(介词搭配辨析) 结构 词义 例句 be identical to sb./sth. 与……完全相同 The majority of these sports are identical to those at the Olympics. be identical with sb./sth. 与……完全相同 The number on the card should be identical with the one on the chequebook. 辨析点:be identical to 与 be identical with 通用,均表【完全相同、一模一样】;注意区别于 be similar to(相似)。 二、易混短语 / 固定搭配辨析 辨析 10 come about 及 come 短语群(高频短语辨析) 短语 词义 短语 词义 come about 发生(常与 how 连用) come out 出版,发行;长出,开花;被获知 come across 偶然遇见,发现;被理解 come round (到某人家)拜访 come along 进展;跟随;快点儿;好转 come through 经历;通过;收到,到达 come up 走近;长出;发生;被讨论 come to 共计;达到;达成;苏醒 come up with 提出,想出 come up to 达到,符合 come down with 患,得,染上 to come 未来的,将到来的(作后置定语) 辨析点:come about 是不及物短语,无被动,常用 How does it come about that…?;come up with 是及物(想出、提出);come up 表【被提出】时也是不及物(The question came up.)。 辨析 11 bring 短语群(高频短语辨析) 短语 词义 短语 词义 bring about 引起,导致,带来 bring forward 提出,提议;提前 bring back 带回来;使回忆起;使恢复 bring in 引进,引入;收(庄稼);获利 bring down 使倒下;使下降;打倒 bring on 引起(不好的事);有助于 bring forth 产生 bring up 调出;提出;呕吐;抚养 bring through 使度过困难 bring out 使显现,阐明;出版,生产 bring…to light 揭露,披露 — — 辨析点:bring about(导致,结果)≠ bring up(抚养/提出/呕吐);bring out(阐明、出版)≠ bring in(引进、获利)。 辨析 12 walk on air / keep sth in perspective(语境辨析) 短语 词义 原句背诵 walk on air 欢天喜地,得意扬扬 Winning has the victor walking on air, lost in the glory of the moment… keep sth in perspective 正确客观地看待 Almost nobody likes to come second, and sometimes it is difficult to keep everything in perspective. 辨析点:walk on air 表【因成功而飘飘然】(多用于胜者);keep sth in perspective 强调【不夸大、客观看待】,可与 get sth out of perspective(没能正确看待)对照记忆。 题型 考查内容 示例 建议题量/难度 单词拼写 词汇拼写+词义 What d________ him from other painters is his use of colour. 10 题 / ★ 单句语法填空 词形变化+搭配 Beethoven's ______ (determine) impressed the world. 10 题 / ★ 完成句子 句型运用 正是他的一席话让我重拾信心:It was his words ______ made me regain my confidence.(that,强调句) 6 题 / ★★ 选词填空 语境选词+变形 方框:appropriate / enhance / remarkable / absence / origin → ①Body language should be ______ to the culture you are in.(appropriate) 8 题 / ★★ 句型转换 同义结构改写 It is believed that the bridge was built in the Ming Dynasty. ⇄ The bridge is believed ______ ______ been built in the Ming Dynasty. 5 题 / ★★★ 短语翻译 固定搭配记忆 克服困难 overcome difficulties;给……留下深刻印象 leave a deep impression on; 8 题 / ★ 词义配对 词义/搭配连线 appropriate—合适的;remarkable—非凡的 8 题 / ★ 题型 012 单词拼写(夯实双基,厚积薄发) 技巧 一句话要点 听力——先读题干预判 播放前速读题干抓关键词,but / however 等转折词后常是答案;本专题话题词提前圈记:headline / journalism / advertisement(媒体)、Olympic / athlete / championship(体育)。 词汇拼写——派生词规律 先看词在句中的成分定词性,再套派生规则:accurate→accuracy、motivate→motivation、compete→competition 等,句型如 "be+过去分词+to have done、so+助动词+主语、the more...the more..."。 短语搭配——to 后接 doing 陷阱 look forward to / be used to / be addicted to / be committed to 中的 to 是介词,后接动名词:be committed to protecting...,勿填 protect。 介词填空——固定搭配优先 成套记忆、挖空即填:be curious about、complain about、be consistent with、spend ... on sth / (in) doing sth。 易混词辨析——按对象判断 join(加入组织)/ join in(加入活动)/ take part in(参加并起作用)之外,再记本专题:first/firstly/at first、find/found、historic/historical、race/racial、media/medium、extend/expand。 -ed/-ing 形容词——人-ed 物-ing 先看修饰人还是物:a depressing documentary(令人压抑的,物→-ing)、the audience sat fascinated(感到着迷的,人→-ed);amusing / absorbing / motivating 同理。 完形填空——先通读再选 先通读全文把握大意与情感基调,再逐空代入;关注上下文词汇复现与逻辑连接词,本专题语篇多围绕科技、体育题材展开。 阅读理解——题干定位+同义替换 先看题干回原文定位关键词,正确答案多为原文同义改写:原文 brought the Olympics back to life ⇄ 选项 revived the Olympics;警惕 only / never 等绝对化选项。 七选五——衔接词+主题句 看空前后的代词、转折 / 因果连接词与段落主题句,语义衔接优先于字面复现。 语法填空——先判词性再变形 给词的空先定词性再按结构变形;无提示词的空多为介词、冠词或连词。本专题头号考点:过去完成时被动 had been done、过去进行时被动 was being repaired。 长难句——成分分析 先找主谓宾,剥离定语从句与非谓语再作答:The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly. 主干只有 The fire spread。 书面表达——模板+高级句式 用连接词分段(To begin with / What's more / In conclusion),主动套用本专题句型:It is essential for us to...、Not only 部分倒装、with 复合结构、the more...the more...;全文时态保持一致。 【题型一】词义配对 将左栏单词与右栏释义配对,把字母填在括号内。 (B) 1. priority A. 趋势,趋向 (A) 2. trend B. 优先事项,首要事情 (D) 3. contribution C. 对手,竞争者 (C) 4. opponent D. 贡献 (F) 5. competition E. 广告活动,广告业 (E) 6. advertising F. 竞争,比赛 (G) 7. broadcast G. 播送,广播 (H) 8. humanity H. 人类;人性 【题型二】短语翻译 根据汉语提示,写出相应的英语短语。 1. 致力于(做)某事 be committed to doing sth. 2. 迅速出现,突然兴起 spring up 3. 被传达,被理解 get across 4. 正确客观地看待 keep sth in perspective 5. 就某事与某人意见相左 differ with sb. about / on / over sth. 6. 对……造成损失 cause / do damage to 7. 被认为是…… be recognized as 8. 突破……的极限 push the boundaries of 【题型三】单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的正确形式 1. Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority(首要事情). 2. The housing estate(住宅区)in the south of the city is being rebuilt. 3. The sports meeting was cancelled because of the heavy rain. 4. There is a contradiction(矛盾)between what he says and what he does. 5. Every athlete should be treated equally, regardless of their racial(种族的)background. 6. The company has extended(扩大)its business to three more cities. 7. It can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation(动力). 8. I won’t take attendance, but since part of your grade depends on participation, I encourage you to come to class. 9. A large number of volunteers(志愿者)worked at the opening ceremony. 10. The athlete's ambition(夙愿,目标)to win the gold medal came true at last. 【题型四】单句语法填空 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.(2026年新高考全国I卷)Much of this lifestyle centers around being outside and knowing the ins and outs of the town; being present and mindful of your surroundings is a critical (critic) part of the culture. 2.(2026年新高考全国I卷)A study carried out by some of its researchers several years ago concluded (conclude) that city trees did release isoprene. 3.(2026年新高考全国I卷)Meanwhile, enough sleep guarantees our physical health and keeps us mentally sharp, which lays a solid foundation (found) for efficient study. 4.(2026年新高考全国I卷)Beyond visitor interaction(interact), AI plays a crucial role in preserving priceless artworks. 5.(2026年全国新课标II卷)Instead, encourage them to do differently (fiffer) next time. 6.(2025年1月浙江卷)Afterward, Sebastian and his father left the items with the police as part of the investigation(investigate). 7.(2025年1月浙江卷)Even the most engaged and committed (commit) audience will eventually get bored. 8.(2024年全国II卷)This absorbing (absorb) new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). 9.(2024年北京卷)This time around, I can accept my limitations (limit) but keep going. 【题型五】 选词填空 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。 critical | demonstrate | consistent | identical | proceed | trend | limitation | rank 1. It is critical that we deal with the problem before it gets worse. 2. The two brothers own identical bicycles, so I often mistake one for the other. 3. The coach demonstrated how to hold the racket correctly to the young players. 4. Her performance has been consistently good over the past three seasons. 5. After a short break, the meeting proceeded to discuss the second item on the list. 6. There is a growing trend among teenagers to spend less time on social media. 7. Everyone has his own limitations, so we should not judge others too harshly. 8. The university ranks third in the country for its research in engineering. 【题型六】 句型转换 在横线上填入适当的词,使两句意思相同或相近(每空一词)。 1. People think that the fire started from the 8th floor.(“be+过去分词+to have done”结构) → The fire is thought to have started from the 8th floor. 2. I was just going to have a bath, and at that moment I heard people screaming and dogs barking. → I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 3. As media channels have grown in number and type, advertisements have grown too.(“so+助动词+主语”结构) → As media channels have grown in number and type, so have advertisements. 4. If we like the brand ambassador more, we will be more attracted to buy the product. → The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product. 5. If you work hard and are careful not to score an own goal, you are sure to make it. → Work hard, be careful not to score an own goal, and you are sure to make it! 【题型七】完成句子 1. 据报道,这座古桥建于明朝。(be+过去分词+to have done) The ancient bridge is reported to have been built in the Ming Dynasty. 2. 我正要离开教室,这时老师叫住了我。(be about to do...when...) I was about to leave the classroom when the teacher called me back. 3. 他是我们班第一个完成这项任务的人。(the+序数词+to do sth.) He was the first in our class to finish the task. 4. 随着越来越多的人选择绿色出行,共享单车也如此。(so+助动词+主语) As more and more people choose green travel, so do shared bikes. 5. 你越努力,进步就越大。(the+比较级..., the+比较级...) The harder you work, the greater progress you will make. 6. 正是在那家小书店里,我找到了我最喜欢的那本书。(强调句型) It was in that small bookstore that I found my favourite book. 学科网(北京)股份有限公4 / 9 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理(期中知识清单) 高二英语上学期译林版
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专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理(期中知识清单) 高二英语上学期译林版
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专题02 选择性必修第二册Unit 1~Unit 2 单元词汇短语句型梳理(期中知识清单) 高二英语上学期译林版
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