Unit 5 Education Lesson3 Understanding课文讲解课件-2026-2027学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第二册

Unit 5 Lesson 3 课文详解 1 GENERAL TEACHING 课文讲解 PART ONE ①It seems obvious now how we ②acquire knowledge and understanding. ③To start with, we need questions. Then, to find answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. ④After that, we consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones. 形主 真主 how引导主语从句 adj. 显然的，明显的 ① It seems obvious how… … 似乎是显而易见的 ②acquire knowledge and understanding 获取知识与理解 ③ to start with 首先；第一 ④ after that 在那之后 今天，如何获取知识、认识世界，人人皆知。首先，我们需要问题。然后，为了寻找答案，我们观察周围的世界并研究相关事实。之后，我们思考可能的答案并逐个验证，以找到正确答案。 让步状语从句 Although today we ⑤are more used to typing a few key words into a ⑥search engine and ⑦waiting for the Internet to give us an answer, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problem with this type of analysis—luckily for us． ⑤be used to doing 习惯于做某事 ⑥ search engine 搜索引擎 ⑦wait for...to do 等待…去做某事 n. 分析 尽管我们现在更习惯于在搜索引擎中敲几个关键词，等待互联网为我们提供答案，但当代科学家、思想家仍采用这种分析方式来解决问题 —— 我们应该为此感到庆幸。 However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon (1561-1626) suggested that this type of thinking was ⑧the way to gain knowledge，he was ⑨going against ⑩the views of the day. v.提出,表明 定语从句 宾语从句 ⑧ the way to do sth 做某事的方法 / 途径 ⑨go against 违背；反对 ⑩the views of the day 当时的观点 17 世纪时，弗朗西斯・培根 (1561-1626) 提出用这种思考方式获取知识时，他的观点却与当时的观念背道而驰。 Although Bacon ⑪held an important rank in King James’ royal court of England, his true interest was ⑫not the day-to-day, slow and inefficient working style of the government, but the worthy search for knowledge. 让步状语从句 ⑪ hold an important rank 身居要职，担任重要职位 ⑫not…but… 不是…… 而是…… adj. 有价值的；值得尊敬的 尽管培根在英国国王詹姆斯的宫廷中位高权重，但他真正感兴趣的不是政府日复一日、拖拉、低效的工作作风，而是那些值得探索的知识。 adj. 效率低的；能力差的 adj. 皇家的；王室的；盛大的 This was certainly not the interest of most people in his days. At that time, people ⑬believed more in the church than in facts, and people like Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), who proved the idea that “the Earth is not the centre of the universe”, were often punished by the church with no one ⑭coming to their defence. n. 教堂；教会 ⑬believe in 信奉；相信…… 的存在 / 价值 非限制性定语从句 同位语从句 ⑭come to one’s defence 为某人辩护 当然，探索知识并不是那个时代大多数人的兴趣所在。那时人们相信教会胜过相信事实，像伽利略・伽利莱 (1564-1642) 那样证明了 “地球不是宇宙中心” 的人物，往往会被教会惩罚，也没有人会为他们辩护。 n. 宇宙；万物；领域 The church and many people ⑮tended to ignore the facts and didn’t want to challenge what they had always comfortably believed. ⑯In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, ⑰instead of believing him, people ⑱chose to believe views that were almost 2,000 years old! ⑮ tend to do sth 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事 宾语从句 ⑯ in fact 事实上 时间状语从句 宾语从句 ⑰instead of doing sth 而不是做某事 ⑱choose to do sth 选择做某事 定语从句 教会和多数人一样往往忽视事实，不愿意去挑战自己一直以来相信的东西。事实上，当伽利略证明地球不是宇宙的中心时，人们没有选择相信他，而宁愿相信 2000 年前的陈旧观点！ Galilei disagreed. At first, people ⑳approved of his studies and ㉑urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and ㉒put him in prison. They didn’t want to abandon what they’d always thought as true. And this is still often true today. v. 赞成，认可；批准 ⑳approve of 赞成、认可 v. 敦促，催促；极力主张 ㉑urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事 时间状语从句 n. 监狱 ㉒put sb in prison 把某人投入监狱 v. 抛弃，放弃 宾语从句 但伽利略却不同意。起初人们认可他的研究成果，催促他继续研究，但是当他证实亚里士多德有错时，人们生气了，并把他送进监狱。他们并不想放弃自己一直认为正确的知识。如今这种现象也很常见。 It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these primitive ideas as they had been ⑲put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BCE). He said that the Earth must be the centre of the universe because it felt like the Earth was standing still. 形主 真主 that引导主语从句 adj. 原始的 abbr. 公元前 ⑲put forward 提出 宾语从句 原因状语从句 原因状语从句 人们愿意相信伟大哲学家亚里士多德 (公元前 384 - 前 322) 提出的那些陈旧的观点，这一点并不奇怪。亚里士多德坚信地球是宇宙的中心，因为人们感觉地球是静止不动的。 People ㉓make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so. But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times. 同位语从句 n. 假定，假设，设想 ㉓make the assumption作出假设 条件状语从句 adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的 宾语从句 让步状语从句 定语从句 如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么人们就会认为这件事一定是对的。但即使是亚里士多德这样曾鼓舞了无数科学家和哲学家的伟大人物，有时也会犯错误。 And Galilei also ㉔made mistakes. He ㉕is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the Earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle. He was wrong. ㉔make mistakes 犯错误 ㉕be known as 作为…… 而出名 宾语从句 伽利略自己也犯过错误。虽然他现在被称为天文学之父，但他认为地球绕太阳旋转的轨迹是一个正圆。他错了。 Therefore, our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing. ㉖In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever ㉗sit back and say, “We ㉘know it all.” ㉖in other words 换句话说 ㉗sit back 歇手不管；坐享其成；安于现状 ㉘know it all 无所不知；什么都懂 因此，我们对周围世界的认识在不断地增长、变化。换句话说，我们每天都在学习更多的知识，谁也不能停止学习并且说：“我什么都知道了。” We need to ㉙thank the great men of the past for their wisdom. They understood that we don’t know everything and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questions. n. 智慧 ㉙thank sb for sth 因某事感谢某人 宾语从句 我们需要感谢先辈伟人的智慧。他们早就知道，人不可能什么都懂，而且或许永远都不会知道所有的事情，因为这个世界不可能没有问题。 We ㉚owe so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to ㉛step out from ㉜the shadows of conventional thought , in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilisation ㉝is built upon. ㉚owe … to … 把… 归功于… v. 归功于 非限制性定语从句 ㉛step out from从…… 走出去 ㉜the shadows of conventional thought 传统思想的阴影 adj. 传统的；惯例的 n. 王国 定语从句 n. 文明 ㉝be built upon 建立在…… 之上 n. 阴影 我们对世界的认识和理解，很大程度上，要归功于培根和伽利略这样的人，正是他们勇敢地走出了传统思想的阴影，才帮我们找到了构建当今文明的知识王国。 These men know that knowledge and understanding are things to ㉞fight for ; more ㉟vital to a man, and more ㊱beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world. 宾语从句 这些伟人懂得，知识和对世界的认识才是值得追求的：正如一些人所言，和全世界的金钱相比，这些对个人而言更重要，对全人类而言更有益。 ㉞fight for 为…… 而奋斗/争取 adj. 至关重要的 ㉟be vital to 对…… 至关重要 ㊱be beneficial to对…… 有益 n. 人类 adj. 有益的，有利的 GENERAL TEACHING 课文语法填空 PART TWO To start with, we need questions. Then, 1._______ (find) answers, we observe the world around us and study the facts. At that time, many people tended 2._________ (ignore) facts and stuck to 3._______ they had always believed. People make the assumption 4._______ if a respected figure states something is right, it must be so. Aristotle was a great thinker who 5._______(inspire) numerous scientists, yet he was wrong at times. Galilei, 6.______ achievements shook the old view of the universe, also made 7._______(mistake). to find to ignore what that inspired whose mistakes Our understanding of the world 8._______ (develop) constantly. We owe much of our knowledge to those brave minds. Compared with all the gold in the world, knowledge is 9._______ (great) beneficial to mankind and helps push forward the 10.___________(civilize) of human society. develops greatly civilization GENERAL TEACHING 知识点总结 PART THREE It seems obvious how… … 似乎是显而易见的 acquire knowledge and understanding 获取知识与理解 to start with 首先；第一 after that 在那之后 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 search engine 搜索引擎 wait for...to do 等待…去做某事 the way to do sth 做某事的方法 / 途径 go against 违背；反对 the views of the day 当时的观点 hold an important rank 身居要职，担任重要职位 not…but… 不是…… 而是…… believe in 信奉；相信…… 的存在 / 价值 come to one’s defence 为某人辩护 tend to do sth 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事 in fact 事实上 instead of doing sth 而不是做某事 choose to do sth 选择做某事 put forward 提出 approve of 赞成、认可 urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事 put sb in prison 把某人投入监狱 make the assumption 作出假设 make mistakes 犯错误 be known as 作为…… 而出名 in other words 换句话说 sit back 歇手不管；坐享其成；安于现状 know it all 无所不知；什么都懂 thank sb for sth 因某事感谢某人 owe … to … 把…… 归功于…… step out from 从…… 走出去 the shadows of conventional thought 传统思想的阴影 be built upon 建立在…… 之上 fight for 为…… 而奋斗 / 争取 be vital to 对…… 至关重要 be beneficial to 对…… 有益 $