专题01 Units 1～2（期中复习讲义）九年级英语上学期新教材鲁教版五四制

专题01 Units 1~2（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态； 2. 一般过去时的被动语态； 3. 一般将来时的被动语态； 4. 含有情态动词的被动语态； 5. 与发明有关的词汇； 6.描述探索太空的词汇； 6. 与发明有关的写作； 7.与太空探索有关的写作。 复习难点： 1. 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态构成及用法； 2.与发明有关的词汇：invention invent inventor produce create creation creative production shape afford suppose responsible be supposed to do / be sth result in lead to speed up be used to do be used for 3. 描述太空的词汇：mission telescope rover manned launch weightless satellite rocket exoplanet solar mysterious spacecraft galaxy imagination spaceship human beings in case on board cooperate with set foot on beyond earth explore space space exploration technology developed for space benefits us climate change, running out of resources, look up at the stars. 4. 与发明有关的写作，如我最喜欢的发明或我认为最有用的发明等； 5.与太空探索有关的写作， 如我的太空梦。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重词汇在具体语境中的运用，以及 介词的固定搭配。 语法：短文语法填空，在具体语境中考察被动语态。 1. 语法 被动语态 【用法详解】 1. 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者（发出者）。 例句：We clean the room every day. （主语“we”执行“clean”的动作） 2. 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者（主语是主动语态句子中的宾语）。 例句：The room is cleaned every day. （主语“the room”承受“被清洁”的动作） 3.被动语态的基本构成形式： 主语+be（助动词）+过去分词 初中阶段重点掌握一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时及含有情态动词的被动语态。被动语态的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现。这个助动词必须与主语的人称和数相一致。 1）一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are +动词过去分词。 如，The lights are usually turned on at 6:30. 2）一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +动词过去分词。 如，Our school was built in 1998. 3）一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词过去分词。 如，The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 4）含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词（should/can/may/must/---) be + 动词过去分词 This job must be done as soon as possible. 巧记口诀： 先找主语和谓语，分清谁把动作施。 主语做动作，就是主动式； 主语受动作，要用被动式。 被动结构be + done，时态只把be来变。 by短语常伴随，有by未必是被动。 【即时训练】 1.German and English ______ (speak) in Germany. 2.Letters and postcards ______ (bring) to people’s homes by the postman. 3. It’s believed the new products ______ (sell) out soon after they appear on the market. 4.I believe that all problems can ______ (solve) in the end. 2. It is believed that our understanding of the moon and the universe will be greatly improved. 人们相信我们对月球和宇宙的认知将会大幅提升。 【用法详解】 It is believed that + 从句： 人们相信…… / 据认为…… 被动语态结构，相当于 People believe that…。 It 是形式主语，真正主语是后面that引导的主语从句。 如，It is believed that space exploration can bring us new technology. 人们相信太空探索能为我们带来新技术。 同类高频It被动句型总结： 1. It is said that… 据说…… 2. It is reported that… 据报道…… 3. It is known that… 众所周知…… 4. It is hoped that… 人们希望…… 5. It is considered that… 人们认为；据考虑…… 【即时训练】 1. ______ ______ ______ that many young people are interested in space.（人们认为） 2. ______ ______ ______ that the spacecraft will arrive soon.（据报道） 3. ______ ______ ______ that human beings can live on Mars some day.（人们希望） 3. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer.  玩具、椅子、桌子甚至房屋都可以由3D打印机制作出来。 【用法详解】be made of / be made from / be made by / be made in 辨析 1. be made of 由……制成（能直接看出原材料，物理变化） 例句：The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头做的。（能看见木头） 2. be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料，发生化学变化） 例句：Paper is made from wood. 纸由木头制成。（成品看不见木头） 3. be made by 由（某人）制作，后接动作执行者 例句：This model rocket was made by Tom. 这个火箭模型是汤姆做的。 4. be made in 在某地制造，后接地点 例句：The telescope was made in China. 这台望远镜是中国制造。 【易混警示】of看得出原料，from看不出；by是谁制作，in产地处。 【即时训练】 1. The kite ______ ______ ______ paper.（由……制成） 2. Wine ______ ______ ______ grapes.（由------制成） 3. This spaceship model ______ ______ ______ my father.（由------制作） 4. The kite ______ ______ ______ Weifang.（在------制造） 4. It wasn't supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine 按下按钮启动机器时，本不该发出这么大的噪音。 【用法详解】be supposed to do 应当/本应该做某事；否定：be not supposed to do 不应该，本不该 如， You are supposed to turn off your phone in the control room. 你应当在控制室关闭手机。 【即时训练】 1. You are____________ (suppose) to turn off the phone during the launch. 2. We are supposed __________(finish) the model rocket today. 5. In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on. 在中国古代，许多不同的材料被用来书写。 【用法详解】辨析：be used to do; be used for doing；used to do ；be used to doing 1. be used to do sth 被用来做某事（被动）= be used for doing sth 例句：Bamboo is used to make paper.= Bamboo is used for making paper.竹子被用来造纸。 2. used to do sth 过去常常做某事（主动）侧重：过去习惯，现在不再这样，没有be动词 例句：People used to write on bamboo slips.人们过去在竹简上书写。 3. be used to doing sth (=get used to doing)习惯于做某事（to是介词，后+doing） 例句：He is used to working in the lab.他习惯在实验室工作。 【易混警示】1. be used to do（to为不定式符号+动词原形）：被用来做 2. be used for doing（for+doing）：被用于做 3. used to do（to为不定式符号+动词原形，无be）：过去常常 4. be used to doing（to为介词+doing，有be）：习惯于 【即时训练】 1. Stones ______ ______ ______ build houses long ago.（被用来） 2. He ______ ______ ______ up late, but now he doesn’t.（过去常常） 3. She ______ ______ ______ reading before sleep.（习惯于） 4. This tool ______ ______ ______ cutting things.（被用于） 6. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. 它，远超其他任何一项发明，促成了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。 【用法详解】be responsible for 是……的原因；对……负责 例句：1. Humans are responsible for protecting space environment.人类有责任保护太空环境。 2. This invention is responsible for the rapid spread of information.这项发明促成了信息的快速传播。 【易混警示】 两层意思区分： 1.表责任：对……负责（人作主语） 2. 表因果：引起，导致、是造成……的原因（事物作主语，阅读高频） 例句：1） He was responsible for starting the machine.（for+doing）他负责启动这台机器。 2） Waste is responsible for the pollution. 废弃物是造成污染的原因。 【即时训练】 1. 你要对你的选择负责任。 You _________ _______ ________ your choice. 2.  粗心导致了这个错误。 Carelessness was _________ ________ the mistake 7. Technology developed for space can benefit us here on earth.为太空研发的技术能造福地球上的我们 【用法详解】benefit: 1.动词 v. 有益于；受益; benefit from sth：从某物/某事中受益 2. 名词 n. 好处，益处 例句1) We can benefit from new inventions.我们可以从新发明中受益。 2) The new machine brings many benefits. 这台新机器带来很多好处。 【即时训练】 1. The new invention ________ people greatly. A. afford B. influences C. benefits D. improves 2. 阅读有很多好处 Reading has _________ ________ 8. Our earth may run out of resources. 我们的地球可能会耗尽资源。 【用法详解】辨析run out of；run out 1.run out of 用完；耗尽 主语是人/事物，run out of + 宾语（及物，后面要加名词） We will run out of energy. 我们将会耗尽能源。 2. run out：用完，耗尽（不及物短语，后面不加宾语） Energy will run out. 能源将会耗尽。 【一句话辨析】 run out of 是人作主语，后面加宾语；run out 物作主语，后面不加宾语。 【即时训练】 Time ______ (run out). Hurry up! A. is running out of B. is running out C. will be run out D will be run out of 9. In that case, a new home for us human beings will be needed. 如果是那样的话，人类将需要一个新家园。 I'm going there early in case there are too many people. 我要早点去那里，以防人太多。 【用法详解】in case / in that case 辨析 1. in case 以防；万一 引导目的/条件状语从句，提前做准备，预防后面坏事发生.句首或句中，后面接句子 例句：Bring some food in case you are hungry. 带点食物，以防你饿。 2. in that case 如果那样；在那种情况下 独立短语，承接前面提到的情况，引出在该情形下的做法或结果.常放句首，用逗号隔开 例句：We can’t live on Earth. In that case, we need to find a new planet. 我们无法在地球生存。如果那样，我们需要寻找新星球。 【即时训练】You’d better wear a coat ______ it gets cold. A. in that case B. in surprise C. in wonder D. in case 10. This project will require students to do research on space exploration. 这个项目将要求学生做关于太空探索的研究。 【用法详解】 require 动词， 要求；需要 1.常用结构： require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 例句：The task requires us to work together. 这项任务要求我们合作。 2.require doing sth. 需要被……（被动含义） The machine requires repairing. 这台机器需要维修。 【即时训练】 1.The project requires us ________ (study) space. 2.This project will require students to do research on space exploration.（变为被动语态） _______________________________________________________________ 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单词拼写 1.（2026年济宁中考真题）1．I have three pens, but n________ of them works well. 2. I enjoy the __________(陪伴)of my best friend. 3. I can't_________(买得起)that new phone right now. 4. We should use fewer __________(塑料的）bags to protect the environment. 5. _________(旅游业)makes this small town richer and busier. 6. They had to __________(取消) the rocket launch because of bad weather. 7. The spacecraft uses _________(太阳能的）panels to get power. 8. We learn some basic g________ in geography class. 9. _________(人造卫星)help us check the weather every day. 10. My grandma can’t ________(操作) the smart TV well. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.  The invention of the plane is now _________(wide) used in the field of travel. 2. What do you think is the most useful____________(invent) of all time, Peter? 3.The inventor finally turned his idea into __________(real). 4. With the help of paper, information spread __________(rapid) all over the world. 5. The soft paper is ___________(suit) for both writing and painting. 6. Astronauts feel ________ (weigh) when they stay in the spaceship. 7. My little brother fell ________ (sleep) quickly after a long walk. 8. There is little ________ (move) outside because of the heavy rain. 9. My parents have high ________ (expect) for my science study. 10. The research on exoplanets needs good ________ (cooperate) between different countries. 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、（2026山东济南中考英语真题）完形填空 When I was a child, being alone never made me afraid. During summer vacations, I often stayed with my grandparents in another city. To me, every corner seemed to hide a ____ 1____. I enjoyed walking through quiet streets and discovering something new on my own. At that time, ____ 2____ was better than spending time alone. But things ____ 3____ after I entered university. My life became full of people and ____ 4____ because there were always club meetings, sports games, and group dinners. Everyone around me seemed busy making friends and building connections, ____ 5____ I began to wonder if every moment should be spent with others. At the same time, study ____ 6____ was growing. There were exams and worries ____ 7____ the future. In order to avoid facing these uneasy feelings alone, I ____ 8____ joined in activities that did not truly interest me. Deep inside, a voice kept asking, “Is this really what you want?” But I didn’t ____ 9____ it because I thought staying with others would make me happier. Things got different again during my third year at university. During the internship (实习期), I had to go on business alone. I was busy working in the daytime, while I enjoyed every evening ____10____ listening to music, reading a book, or just looking at the stars for a while. I suddenly ____11____ this was the first time that I had spent my time alone since university. And I really loved it! What I have experienced helps me understand that being alone doesn’t mean being ____12____. Instead, it gives us a chance to listen to our ____13____ and better understand ourselves. Now I still ____14____ friends and family, but the belief in being the person I really want to be leads me to find ____15____, courage, and confidence. 1. A. camera B. surprise C. truth D. store 2. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 3. A. changed B. worked C. started D. broke 4. A. classes B. goals C. activities D. holidays 5. A. so B. but C. or D. because 6. A. space B. pressure C. power D. interest 7. A. by B. on C. about D. in 8. A. seldom B. only C. never D. even 9. A. care about B. look for C. hear from D. belong to 10. A. clearly B. freely C. wisely D. directly 11. A. regretted B. guessed C. doubted D. realized 12. A. tired B. lonely C. strong D. friendly 13. A. hearts B. results C. memories D. reasons 14. A. greet B. advise C. value D. save 15. A. duty B. peace C. luck D. fame 二、（2026山东省中考英语真题）语法填空 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 Fan Zhongyan (989–1052) was a statesman and scholar (学者) of the Song Dynasty. When Fan Zhongyan was 22 years old, he ____ 1____ (give) a chance to study at the famous Yingtian Academy (书院). Fan Zhongyan was very poor and ate porridge for every meal. After four years of hard work, he passed the imperial examination ____ 2____ became a government official. When he ____ 3____ (leave) Yingtian Academy in 1015, Fan Zhongyan didn’t expect that he would return years later as its principal (负责人). On his return, he made many positive ____ 4____ (change). Looking back on his own student days, he often used his own money ____ 5____ (support) poor students. He also offered a ____ 6____ (talent) scholar named Sun Fu a position in the academy so that Sun Fu could work and study at the same time. With money to raise his family, Sun Fu studied day and night, ____ 7____ (final) becoming a respected scholar. In 1040, Fan Zhongyan became a vice governor. While working in what is today’s Henan Province in 1046, he made a ____ 8____ (decide) to improve education for the local people. Choosing a beautiful setting, he set up Huazhou Academy. There, Fan Zhongyan ____ 9____ (write) his most famous article, “On Yueyang Tower”. Fan Zhongyan devoted (奉献) ____10____ (he) time and money to supporting people in their search for knowledge. He set an example for many scholars, who in turn, would be encouraged to follow him. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~2（期中复习讲义） 01 复习目标锚定 02 核心考点精讲 03 限时分层演练 基础固本 / 综合进阶 复习目标 复习重点： 1. 一般现在时的被动语态； 2. 一般过去时的被动语态； 3. 一般将来时的被动语态； 4. 含有情态动词的被动语态； 5. 与发明有关的词汇； 6.描述探索太空的词汇； 6. 与发明有关的写作； 7.与太空探索有关的写作。 复习难点： 1. 一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时的被动语态构成及用法； 2.与发明有关的词汇：invention invent inventor produce create creation creative production shape afford suppose responsible be supposed to do / be sth result in lead to speed up be used to do be used for 3. 描述太空的词汇：mission telescope rover manned launch weightless satellite rocket exoplanet solar mysterious spacecraft galaxy imagination spaceship human beings in case on board cooperate with set foot on beyond earth explore space space exploration technology developed for space benefits us climate change, running out of resources, look up at the stars. 4. 与发明有关的写作，如我最喜欢的发明或我认为最有用的发明等； 5.与太空探索有关的写作， 如我的太空梦。 考情规律 词汇运用：侧重词汇在具体语境中的运用，以及 介词的固定搭配。 语法：短文语法填空，在具体语境中考察被动语态。 1. 语法 被动语态 【用法详解】 1. 主动语态：主语是动作的执行者（发出者）。 例句：We clean the room every day. （主语“we”执行“clean”的动作） 2. 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者（主语是主动语态句子中的宾语）。 例句：The room is cleaned every day. （主语“the room”承受“被清洁”的动作） 3.被动语态的基本构成形式： 主语+be（助动词）+过去分词 初中阶段重点掌握一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时及含有情态动词的被动语态。被动语态的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现。这个助动词必须与主语的人称和数相一致。 1）一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are +动词过去分词。 如，The lights are usually turned on at 6:30. 2）一般过去时的被动语态：was/were +动词过去分词。 如，Our school was built in 1998. 3）一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词过去分词。 如，The sports meeting will be held tomorrow. 4）含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词（should/can/may/must/---) be + 动词过去分词 This job must be done as soon as possible. 巧记口诀： 先找主语和谓语，分清谁把动作施。 主语做动作，就是主动式； 主语受动作，要用被动式。 被动结构be + done，时态只把be来变。 by短语常伴随，有by未必是被动。 【即时训练】 1.German and English ______ (speak) in Germany. 2.Letters and postcards ______ (bring) to people’s homes by the postman. 3. It’s believed the new products ______ (sell) out soon after they appear on the market. 4.I believe that all problems can ______ (solve) in the end. 【答案】1.are spoken 2.are brought 3.will be sold 4.be solved 2. It is believed that our understanding of the moon and the universe will be greatly improved. 人们相信我们对月球和宇宙的认知将会大幅提升。 【用法详解】 It is believed that + 从句： 人们相信…… / 据认为…… 被动语态结构，相当于 People believe that…。 It 是形式主语，真正主语是后面that引导的主语从句。 如，It is believed that space exploration can bring us new technology. 人们相信太空探索能为我们带来新技术。 同类高频It被动句型总结： 1. It is said that… 据说…… 2. It is reported that… 据报道…… 3. It is known that… 众所周知…… 4. It is hoped that… 人们希望…… 5. It is considered that… 人们认为；据考虑…… 【即时训练】 1. ______ ______ ______ that many young people are interested in space.（人们认为） 2. ______ ______ ______ that the spacecraft will arrive soon.（据报道） 3. ______ ______ ______ that human beings can live on Mars some day.（人们希望） 【答案】1.It is believed that 2. It is reported that 3. It is hoped that 3. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer.  玩具、椅子、桌子甚至房屋都可以由3D打印机制作出来。 【用法详解】be made of / be made from / be made by / be made in 辨析 1. be made of 由……制成（能直接看出原材料，物理变化） 例句：The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是木头做的。（能看见木头） 2. be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料，发生化学变化） 例句：Paper is made from wood. 纸由木头制成。（成品看不见木头） 3. be made by 由（某人）制作，后接动作执行者 例句：This model rocket was made by Tom. 这个火箭模型是汤姆做的。 4. be made in 在某地制造，后接地点 例句：The telescope was made in China. 这台望远镜是中国制造。 【易混警示】of看得出原料，from看不出；by是谁制作，in产地处。 【即时训练】 1. The kite ______ ______ ______ paper.（由……制成） 2. Wine ______ ______ ______ grapes.（由------制成） 3. This spaceship model ______ ______ ______ my father.（由------制作） 4. The kite ______ ______ ______ Weifang.（在------制造） 【答案】1. is made of 2. is made from 3. was made by 4. was made in 4. It wasn't supposed to make such a loud noise when the button was pressed to start the machine 按下按钮启动机器时，本不该发出这么大的噪音。 【用法详解】be supposed to do 应当/本应该做某事；否定：be not supposed to do 不应该，本不该 如， You are supposed to turn off your phone in the control room. 你应当在控制室关闭手机。 【即时训练】 1. You are____________ (suppose) to turn off the phone during the launch. 2. We are supposed __________(finish) the model rocket today. 【答案】1.supposed 2. to finish 5. In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on. 在中国古代，许多不同的材料被用来书写。 【用法详解】辨析：be used to do; be used for doing；used to do ；be used to doing 1. be used to do sth 被用来做某事（被动）= be used for doing sth 例句：Bamboo is used to make paper.= Bamboo is used for making paper.竹子被用来造纸。 2. used to do sth 过去常常做某事（主动）侧重：过去习惯，现在不再这样，没有be动词 例句：People used to write on bamboo slips.人们过去在竹简上书写。 3. be used to doing sth (=get used to doing)习惯于做某事（to是介词，后+doing） 例句：He is used to working in the lab.他习惯在实验室工作。 【易混警示】1. be used to do（to为不定式符号+动词原形）：被用来做 2. be used for doing（for+doing）：被用于做 3. used to do（to为不定式符号+动词原形，无be）：过去常常 4. be used to doing（to为介词+doing，有be）：习惯于 【即时训练】 1. Stones ______ ______ ______ build houses long ago.（被用来） 2. He ______ ______ ______ up late, but now he doesn’t.（过去常常） 3. She ______ ______ ______ reading before sleep.（习惯于） 4. This tool ______ ______ ______ cutting things.（被用于） 【答案】 1. were used to 2. used to stay 3. is used to 4. is used for 6. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. 它，远超其他任何一项发明，促成了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。 【用法详解】be responsible for 是……的原因；对……负责 例句：1. Humans are responsible for protecting space environment.人类有责任保护太空环境。 2. This invention is responsible for the rapid spread of information.这项发明促成了信息的快速传播。 【易混警示】 两层意思区分： 1.表责任：对……负责（人作主语） 2. 表因果：引起，导致、是造成……的原因（事物作主语，阅读高频） 例句：1） He was responsible for starting the machine.（for+doing）他负责启动这台机器。 2） Waste is responsible for the pollution. 废弃物是造成污染的原因。 【即时训练】 1. 你要对你的选择负责任。 You _________ _______ ________ your choice. 2.  粗心导致了这个错误。 Carelessness was _________ ________ the mistake 【答案】1. are responsible for 2. responsible for 7. Technology developed for space can benefit us here on earth.为太空研发的技术能造福地球上的我们 【用法详解】benefit: 1.动词 v. 有益于；受益; benefit from sth：从某物/某事中受益 2. 名词 n. 好处，益处 例句1) We can benefit from new inventions.我们可以从新发明中受益。 2) The new machine brings many benefits. 这台新机器带来很多好处。 【即时训练】 1. The new invention ________ people greatly. A. afford B. influences C. benefits D. improves 2. 阅读有很多好处 Reading has _________ ________ 【答案】1. C 2. many benefits. 8. Our earth may run out of resources. 我们的地球可能会耗尽资源。 【用法详解】辨析run out of；run out 1.run out of 用完；耗尽 主语是人/事物，run out of + 宾语（及物，后面要加名词） We will run out of energy. 我们将会耗尽能源。 2. run out：用完，耗尽（不及物短语，后面不加宾语） Energy will run out. 能源将会耗尽。 【一句话辨析】 run out of 是人作主语，后面加宾语；run out 物作主语，后面不加宾语。 【即时训练】 Time ______ (run out). Hurry up! A. is running out of B. is running out C. will be run out D will be run out of 【答案】B 9. In that case, a new home for us human beings will be needed. 如果是那样的话，人类将需要一个新家园。 I'm going there early in case there are too many people. 我要早点去那里，以防人太多。 【用法详解】in case / in that case 辨析 1. in case 以防；万一 引导目的/条件状语从句，提前做准备，预防后面坏事发生.句首或句中，后面接句子 例句：Bring some food in case you are hungry. 带点食物，以防你饿。 2. in that case 如果那样；在那种情况下 独立短语，承接前面提到的情况，引出在该情形下的做法或结果.常放句首，用逗号隔开 例句：We can’t live on Earth. In that case, we need to find a new planet. 我们无法在地球生存。如果那样，我们需要寻找新星球。 【即时训练】You’d better wear a coat ______ it gets cold. A. in that case B. in surprise C. in wonder D. in case 【答案】D 10. This project will require students to do research on space exploration. 这个项目将要求学生做关于太空探索的研究。 【用法详解】 require 动词， 要求；需要 1.常用结构： require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 例句：The task requires us to work together. 这项任务要求我们合作。 2.require doing sth. 需要被……（被动含义） The machine requires repairing. 这台机器需要维修。 【即时训练】 1.The project requires us ________ (study) space. 2.This project will require students to do research on space exploration.（变为被动语态） _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】1.to study 2.Students will be required to do research on space exploration. 基础固本练（限时：10分钟） 一、单词拼写 1.（2026年济宁中考真题）1．I have three pens, but n________ of them works well. 2. I enjoy the __________(陪伴)of my best friend. 3. I can't_________(买得起)that new phone right now. 4. We should use fewer __________(塑料的）bags to protect the environment. 5. _________(旅游业)makes this small town richer and busier. 6. They had to __________(取消) the rocket launch because of bad weather. 7. The spacecraft uses _________(太阳能的）panels to get power. 8. We learn some basic g________ in geography class. 9. _________(人造卫星)help us check the weather every day. 10. My grandma can’t ________(操作) the smart TV well. 【答案】1. none/one 2. company 3. afford 4. plastic 5. Tourism 6.cancel 7.solar 8.geology 9.Satellites 10.operate 【解析】 1.句意：我有三支钢笔，但没有一支能正常使用。空格前but表示转折，空格后of them表示“它们中的”，结合首字母n提示，none意为“没有一个”，表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。 2. 句意：我享受挚友的陪伴。the后需填名词，company作“陪伴”讲为不可数名词，用原形。 3. 句意：我现在买不起那部新手机。情态动词can't后接动词原形afford，表示负担得起。 4. 句意：我们应该少用塑料袋保护环境。此处需要形容词修饰名词bags，plastic为形容词，意为塑料的。 5. 句意：旅游业让这座小镇更加富裕热闹。tourism表示旅游业，不可数名词，位于句首首字母大写。 6. 句意：由于天气恶劣，他们不得不取消火箭发射。have to后搭配动词原形，cancel表示取消。 7. 句意：这艘航天器依靠太阳能板获取能源。形容词solar修饰panels，solar panels是固定短语太阳能电池板。 8. 句意：我们在地理课上学基础地质学。结合地理课堂语境与首字母g，basic后接名词geology。 9. 句意：人造卫星每天帮我们监测天气。谓语help为原形，主语用复数Satellites，位于句首首字母大写。 10. 句意：奶奶不太会操作智能电视。情态动词can’t后接动词原形operate，意思是操作、操控。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.  The invention of the plane is now _________(wide) used in the field of travel. 2. What do you think is the most useful____________(invent) of all time, Peter? 3.The inventor finally turned his idea into __________(real). 4. With the help of paper, information spread __________(rapid) all over the world. 5. The soft paper is ___________(suit) for both writing and painting. 6. Astronauts feel ________ (weigh) when they stay in the spaceship. 7. My little brother fell ________ (sleep) quickly after a long walk. 8. There is little ________ (move) outside because of the heavy rain. 9. My parents have high ________ (expect) for my science study. 10. The research on exoplanets needs good ________ (cooperate) between different countries. 【答案】1. widely 2. invention 3 reality 4. rapidly 5. suitable 6.weightless 7.asleep 8.movement 9.expectations 10.cooperation 1.句意：飞机这项发明如今在旅行领域被广泛应用。 空格修饰动词used，需填入副词。形容词wide（宽的）的副词形式为widely，意为“广泛地”。 2.句意：彼得，你认为有史以来最有用的发明是什么？useful形容词后接名词；invent动词“发明”，invention名词“发明物”，is提示用单数。故为invention。 3. 句意：这位发明家最终将他的想法变成了现实。 介词into后需接名词，real是形容词，其名词形式为reality，意为“现实”。故为reality。 4. 句意：在纸张的帮助下，信息在全世界迅速传播。 修饰动词spread，修饰动词需用副词，rapid是形容词，其副词形式为rapidly，意为“迅速地”。故为rapidly。 5.句意：这种柔软的纸张既适合书写也适合绘画。 固定搭配be suitable for表示“适合……”，系动词is后需用形容词作表语，suit的形容词形式为suitable。故为suitable。 6. 句意：宇航员在宇宙飞船里会处于失重状态。feel后面搭配形容词，后缀-less含义为无……的，因此填weightless 7. 句意：走了很远的路之后，弟弟很快就睡着了。固定词组fall asleep表示入睡，此处用asleep 8. 句意：下大雨，外面几乎没有行人走动。little只能搭配名词，动词move加后缀-ment变成名词movement 9. 句意：父母对我的理科学习抱有很高的期待。high后搭配名词，表达各类期待习惯使用复数形式expectations 10. 句意：系外行星的探索研究需要各国之间良好的协作。good后修饰名词，动词cooperate变为名词cooperation 综合进阶练（限时：20分钟） 一、（2026山东济南中考英语真题）完形填空 When I was a child, being alone never made me afraid. During summer vacations, I often stayed with my grandparents in another city. To me, every corner seemed to hide a ____ 1____. I enjoyed walking through quiet streets and discovering something new on my own. At that time, ____ 2____ was better than spending time alone. But things ____ 3____ after I entered university. My life became full of people and ____ 4____ because there were always club meetings, sports games, and group dinners. Everyone around me seemed busy making friends and building connections, ____ 5____ I began to wonder if every moment should be spent with others. At the same time, study ____ 6____ was growing. There were exams and worries ____ 7____ the future. In order to avoid facing these uneasy feelings alone, I ____ 8____ joined in activities that did not truly interest me. Deep inside, a voice kept asking, “Is this really what you want?” But I didn’t ____ 9____ it because I thought staying with others would make me happier. Things got different again during my third year at university. During the internship (实习期), I had to go on business alone. I was busy working in the daytime, while I enjoyed every evening ____10____ listening to music, reading a book, or just looking at the stars for a while. I suddenly ____11____ this was the first time that I had spent my time alone since university. And I really loved it! What I have experienced helps me understand that being alone doesn’t mean being ____12____. Instead, it gives us a chance to listen to our ____13____ and better understand ourselves. Now I still ____14____ friends and family, but the belief in being the person I really want to be leads me to find ____15____, courage, and confidence. 1. A. camera B. surprise C. truth D. store 2. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 3. A. changed B. worked C. started D. broke 4. A. classes B. goals C. activities D. holidays 5. A. so B. but C. or D. because 6. A. space B. pressure C. power D. interest 7. A. by B. on C. about D. in 8. A. seldom B. only C. never D. even 9. A. care about B. look for C. hear from D. belong to 10. A. clearly B. freely C. wisely D. directly 11. A. regretted B. guessed C. doubted D. realized 12. A. tired B. lonely C. strong D. friendly 13. A. hearts B. results C. memories D. reasons 14. A. greet B. advise C. value D. save 15. A. duty B. peace C. luck D. fame 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文，作者讲述自身对待独处态度的变化，领悟独处不等于孤独，有助于认识自我。 1.句意：对我而言，每个角落似乎都藏着一份惊喜。 根据后文“discovering something new on my own”可推知，每个角落好像藏着惊喜，应选用surprise“惊喜”。camera“相机”、truth“真相”、store“商店”，均不符合语境。 2.句意：在那时，没有什么比独自度过时光更好。 根据上文，小时候喜欢独自探索，可推知那时没有什么事比独处更好，应选用nothing“没有什么”。something“某物”、anything“任何事物”、everything“一切”，均不符合语境。 3.句意：但是在我进入大学之后，情况发生了改变。 But表示转折，结合前后文对比，可推知进入大学后情况发生改变，应选用changed“改变”。worked“起作用”、started“开始”、broke“打破”，均不符合语境。 4.句意：我的生活充斥着各种各样的人和活动，因为总有社团会议、体育赛事以及集体聚餐。 根据后文“club meetings, sports games, group dinners”这些内容，可推知生活充满人和各类活动，应选用activities“活动”。classes“课堂”、goals“目标”、holidays“假期”，均不符合语境。 5.句意：我身边所有人似乎都忙于交友、建立人脉，于是我开始思考，是否每时每刻都应该和别人待在一起。 根据前后句逻辑，身边人忙于交友，所以我产生疑惑，为因果关系，应选用so“所以”。but“但是”、or“或者”、because“因为”，均不符合逻辑。 6.句意：与此同时，学习压力越来越大。 根据后文“exams and worries”，可推知学习压力不断增大，应选用pressure“压力”。space“空间”、power“力量”、interest“兴趣”，均不符合语境。 7.句意：既要应付考试，又要为未来担忧。 根据固定搭配，表达“对未来的担忧”，应选用about“关于”。by“通过”、on“在……上面”、in“在……里面”，均不符合搭配。 8.句意：为了避免独自面对这些不安情绪，我甚至参加了自己并不真正感兴趣的活动。 根据上下文，为逃避不安情绪，我甚至参加不感兴趣的活动，存在递进含义，应选用even“甚至”。seldom“很少”、only“仅仅”、never“从不”，均不符合语境。 9.句意：但是我并不在意，因为我认为和别人在一起会更快乐。 根据上下文，内心虽有质疑，但我并不在意，应选用care about“在意”。look for“寻找”、hear from“收到来信”、belong to“属于”，均不符合语境。 10.句意：白天我忙于工作，而每个夜晚我都可以自在地听音乐、看书，或是静静望一会儿星空。 晚上可以自在听音乐、看书，所以能够自由地支配夜晚时光，应选用freely“自由地”。clearly“清晰地”、wisely“明智地”、directly“直接地”，均不符合语境。 11.句意：我突然意识到，这是上大学以来我第一次独自度过时光。 根据语境，我猛然意识到这是大学后第一次独处，应选用realized“意识到”。regretted“后悔”、guessed“猜测”、doubted“怀疑”，均不符合语境。 12.句意：我的经历让我明白，独处并不代表孤独。 根据全文主题，独处并不意味着孤独，应选用lonely“孤独的”。tired“疲惫的”、strong“强壮的”、friendly“友好的”，均不符合语境。 13.句意：相反，它给予我们倾听内心、更好认识自我的机会。 根据后文“better understand ourselves”，可推知倾听我们的内心，应选用hearts“内心”。results“结果”、memories“记忆”、reasons“理由”，均不符合语境。 14.句意：如今我依旧珍视亲友，但成为理想中自己的信念，指引我寻得平静、勇气与自信。 根据上下文，我依旧看重朋友和家人，应选用value“珍视，重视”。greet“问候”、advise“建议”、save“拯救”，均不符合语境。 15.句意：如今我依旧珍视亲友，但成为理想中自己的信念，指引我寻得平静、勇气与自信。 结合并列名词“courage and confidence”，可推知寻得平静、勇气与自信，应选用peace“平静”。duty“责任”、luck“运气”、fame“名声”，均不符合语境。 二、（2026山东省中考英语真题）语法填空 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 Fan Zhongyan (989–1052) was a statesman and scholar (学者) of the Song Dynasty. When Fan Zhongyan was 22 years old, he ____ 1____ (give) a chance to study at the famous Yingtian Academy (书院). Fan Zhongyan was very poor and ate porridge for every meal. After four years of hard work, he passed the imperial examination ____ 2____ became a government official. When he ____ 3____ (leave) Yingtian Academy in 1015, Fan Zhongyan didn’t expect that he would return years later as its principal (负责人). On his return, he made many positive ____ 4____ (change). Looking back on his own student days, he often used his own money ____ 5____ (support) poor students. He also offered a ____ 6____ (talent) scholar named Sun Fu a position in the academy so that Sun Fu could work and study at the same time. With money to raise his family, Sun Fu studied day and night, ____ 7____ (final) becoming a respected scholar. In 1040, Fan Zhongyan became a vice governor. While working in what is today’s Henan Province in 1046, he made a ____ 8____ (decide) to improve education for the local people. Choosing a beautiful setting, he set up Huazhou Academy. There, Fan Zhongyan ____ 9____ (write) his most famous article, “On Yueyang Tower”. Fan Zhongyan devoted (奉献) ____10____ (he) time and money to supporting people in their search for knowledge. He set an example for many scholars, who in turn, would be encouraged to follow him. 【答案】 1. was given 2. and 3. left 4. changes 5. to support 6. talented 7. finally 8. decision 9. wrote 10. his 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了宋代政治家、学者范仲淹早年刻苦求学，为官后致力于改善教育、资助贫困学生并创办书院的事迹。 1.句意：当范仲淹22岁时，他获得了一个在著名的应天书院学习的机会。主语“He”与“give”之间为被动关系(被给予机会)，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填was given。 2.句意：经过四年的努力，他通过了科举考试并成为了一名政府官员。passed和became为并列谓语，用and连接，表示顺承关系。 3.句意：当他在1015年离开应天书院时，范仲淹没想到多年后他会作为书院负责人回来。根据“in 1015”可知描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，leave的过去式为left。 4.句意：在他回归后，他做了许多积极的改变。many后接可数名词复数，change的复数为changes。 5。句意：回顾自己的学生时代，他经常用自己的钱来资助贫困学生。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，使用动词不定式to support。 6.句意：他还给一位名叫孙复的有才华的学者在书院提供了一个职位，这样孙复就可以一边工作一边学习。修饰名词scholar，需用形容词；talent对应的形容词为talented。 7.句意：有了养家的钱，孙复日夜苦读，最终成为了一位受人尊敬的学者。修饰动词becoming，需用副词；final对应的副词为finally。 8.句意：1046年，他在今天的河南省任职时，决定改善当地人民的教育。make a decision为固定搭配，意为“做决定”，decide对应的名词为decision。 9.句意：在那里，范仲淹写下了他最著名的文章《岳阳楼记》。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，write的过去式为wrote。 10.句意：范仲淹奉献自己的时间和金钱来支持人们追求知识。空处需使用he的形容词性物主代词his，修饰后面的名词time。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $